TWI381693B - Wireless communication method for low - speed wireless personal network - Google Patents

Description

Wireless communication method for low-speed wireless personal network

The invention provides a communication method for a low-speed wireless personal network, in particular to a medium access layer protocol for a communication protocol of a low-speed wireless personal network.

Thanks to the advancement of science and technology, there is a lot of convenience for daily life, such as a smart card that allows you to shop, take public transportation and pay various fees at various generations of receipts, or a smart phone can have both mobile phones. And the function of PDA, you can send and receive e-mail anytime, anywhere, browse the required information online, or operate stocks according to the economic situation. Especially some communication service providers provide solutions combining smart cards and mobile SIM cards. All the actions can be achieved with only one smart phone. In the past, these work, which needs different methods and tools, can be completed by a technology or a smart phone. However, the above situation In addition to the integration of related hardware technologies, it is also necessary to achieve the cooperation of wireless communication technology.

In order to meet the needs of personal mobility and convenience, the integration of electronic, information and communication technologies has accelerated the development and application of related fields. The field of wireless communication is an example, from the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Technology (Institute). Of Electrical and Electronic Engineer (IEEE) After the IEEE 802.11 standard was enacted in 1997, the demand for personal mobile communication and wireless Internet has flourished in the field of wireless communication. So far, mature IEEE IEEE 802.11 and wireless high-fax have been seen. (Wireless Fi-delity, Wi-Fi) is the network technology developed to replace wired area network technology, IEEE 802.16 and global interoperability microwave access (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is primarily used in urban area networks to provide last-mile wireless broadband access to provide alternatives to physical networks; IEEE 802.15.4 is currently in the wireless IEEE 802.XX family of specifications. And ZigBee is the most popular in the market because the technical standard is defined in the low-speed personal wireless local area network, where the relationship between IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee is like the relative relationship between TCP/IP and 802.11, IEEE 802.15.4 definition. The following parts of the network layer include: Physical Layer (PHY) and Medium Access Control (MAC), while ZigBee defines Network Layer (NWK) and Security Layer (Security Layer). ), the upper layer (Application Layer, AP) and various application product profiles, the technical characteristics are: Low transmission data rate: only 10k characters/second to 250k characters/second, dedicated to low transmission rate environments; Low energy consumption: only 1μW in standby mode, and 30mw in normal short-distance communication. In standby mode, ordinary alkaline batteries can last for 6 months to 2 years. Time, exempting the user from charging or frequently changing the battery; Low cost: Because of the low data rate and simplified protocol architecture, the requirements of related software and hardware can be reduced to significantly reduce costs.

. Large network capacity: In the wireless transmission sensing network, theoretically there can be nearly 65,535 ZigBee devices coexisting.

. Security: ZigBee provides transport data integrity check and authentication functions, and the encryption algorithm uses AES-128, so it can be used in environments with high specification security requirements.

. Multi-work channel selection: ZigBee offers three channels that can be used separately It is 2.4GHz, 868MHz and 915MHz, of which 2.4GHz is the global unlicensed channel, 868MHz is the European license-free channel, and 915 MHz is the North American license-free channel.

The IEEE802.15.4 and ZigBee standards are based on sensing and control, and define simple, low-cost, and easy-to-implement wireless communication standards. According to the current target market of the ZigBee Alliance, there are mainly PC external devices such as: Keyboards, mice, various game devices, etc., remote control devices on consumer electronics, such as: TV, stereo, air-conditioning, etc., such as electronic pets, car sensors, medical care Equipment, engineering monitoring equipment, etc.

However, behind the above-mentioned many characteristics, there are concerns about the compatibility between IEEE802.15.4 and ZigBee's update standards, and the communication protocols required for the operation of software and hardware are also insufficient, which will lead to the user's practical application. There is no need to improve the compatibility and the loss or incompleteness of data transmission.

In order to effectively overcome the above-mentioned prior art, the compatibility and the loss or incompleteness of data transmission, the present invention provides a wireless communication method for a low-speed wireless personal network, in particular, a medium access layer of a low-speed wireless personal network communication protocol. The protocol method, by redefining the media access layer protocol and simplifying the relevant levels, the seven levels defined by the original ISO-OSI standard are simplified to a three-level architecture, which is upper layer and media from top to bottom. Layers and physical layers to achieve sensing and control performance.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a wireless communication method for a low-speed wireless personal network, comprising: using a physical layer (PHY), a physical layer management service PLME (PHY Layer Management Entity), operating a wireless transmission receiver; the wireless transmission receiver monitors the state of a specific channel by a monitoring mechanism, and selects a segment in the specific channel; a physical layer attribute database (PIB) of the physical layer accessing the attribute of the physical layer; and receiving a data frame by using a wireless transmission receiver, the data frame managing the service entity via the physical layer Transmitting to the physical layer; using one of the physical layer physical layer frame processing mechanisms, disassembling the data frame to obtain a Medium Access Control Layer Protocol Data Unit (MPDU); a data access service access point (PD-SAP), transmitting the media access control layer protocol data unit to a medium access control layer (Medium Access Control, MAC); the media access control layer, using a media layer frame processing mechanism, processing the media access control layer protocol data unit and obtaining an upper layer frame; and the upper layer frame, via the media access control layer A Media Layer Sublayer Management Entity (MLME-SAP) is transmitted to an Upper Layer.

In addition, the creation also includes: an upper layer, transmitting an upper layer frame to a media access control via a MAC Common Part SubLayer Service Access Point (MCPS-SAP) Layer; the media access control layer uses a media layer frame processing mechanism to The upper frame is combined into a media access control layer protocol data unit; the media access control layer is coupled to a physical layer data delivery service access point; the media access control layer protocol data unit, through the physical layer The data delivery service access point is transmitted to a physical layer, which uses a physical layer frame processing mechanism to combine a physical layer data unit (PPDU); and a data delivery service via the physical layer The access point operates a wireless transmission receiver through the physical layer to transmit the physical layer protocol data unit to the outside world.

Therefore, according to the above method, a communication unit can receive and recognize one of the data frames transmitted by the outside world to complete the work specified by the data frame, and can also receive an upper layer data frame through the medium access control layer and The physical layer sends the data frame to the outside world to complete communication with another communication unit.

In addition, the creation further includes: the specific channel is 868-868.6 MHz, 902-928 MHz or 2400-2483.5 MHz.

The particular channel is an unlicensed channel.

The monitoring mechanism refers to a Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) to monitor the current channel status and perform channels according to the following three modes: Mode 1: Energy exceeds threshold (Threshold); Mode 2: Detection Signals that use the same modulation and spread spectrum characteristics; Mode 3: Signals that use the same modulation and spread spectrum characteristics are detected and their energy exceeds the threshold.

The media layer sublayer management entity service access point is connected to the media access control layer and the upper layer, and the upper layer can be managed by the media layer sublayer management entity service access point to access the media access control layer. service.

The physical layer data delivery service access point includes a sub-layer entity providing a second peer-to-peer medium access control layer, and a media access control layer protocol data unit at a sub-layer of the second peer-to-peer medium access control layer Data transfer between entities.

The physical layer protocol data unit format is composed of a synchronization header (SHR), a physical layer header (PHR, PHY header), and a PHY Service Data Unit (PHY Payload).

The synchronization header further includes: a leading character, the data length is 4 bytes, and is filled in by the binary value, the filling value is all '0'; and the start boundary of the frame (Start) -of-Frame Delimiter), with a specific character of 10100111, representing the beginning of the frame.

The data length of the physical layer header is 8 bits, and the 8-bit element is divided into a frame length of one 7-bit and one reserved bit of 1 bit, and the frame length represents subsequent The data length of the physical layer data unit.

The data length of the physical layer data unit ranges from 0 to 127 byte units, and includes a media access control layer protocol data unit.

The attributes of the physical layer attribute database include the channel number currently used by the device, the status of the particular channel being used, the power usage status of the wireless transceiver, and the channel idle evaluation mode status.

The media access control layer protocol data unit, the format is a media access control layer header (MHR, MAC header), a media access control layer service data unit (MSDU, MAC Service Data Unit, MAC Payload) and A media access control layer tail (MFR, MAC footer) is composed.

The media access control layer header further includes a Frame Control Field, a Sequence Number, an Addressing Field, and a Frame Counter Field ( Frame Counter).

The sequence number field is used to identify the sequence of frames.

The address field is a selective field for a communication unit to identify the destination or source of the frame.

The frame counter field is used for the calculation of the security verification mechanism.

The frame control field format further includes a frame type bit, an acknowledge request control bit (Ack Request), a continuous data control bit (Continue), a security mechanism control bit, and a The data control bit (Pending) and a reserved bit to be transmitted.

The frame type bit is a frame type that defines a communication protocol.

The confirmation request control bit, when the bit value is set to '1', indicates that the frame requires the recipient to respond with a confirmation frame.

The continuous data control bit, when the bit value is set to '1', indicates that the sender still has subsequent data to be sent, and the receiver should continue to listen for a preset time after the frame ends.

The security mechanism controls the bit, and when the bit value is set to '1', it indicates that the authentication security mechanism is initiated.

The data control bit to be transmitted, when the bit value is set to '1', indicates that a main communication unit has a data to be transmitted to a communication unit.

The continuous data control bit, when receiving a frame and requesting the recipient to respond with an Ack frame, continues the time from the response to the confirmation frame.

The preset time calculation method is as follows: [one frame interval time] + [one continuous frame waiting time]

(In the formula: frame interval time: it means that there must be at least a period of time between the two frames of the same communication unit in the transmission frame; continuous frame waiting time: indicating that the sender still has a subsequent data to be sent The time required, the recipient should continue the listening time after the end of the receiving frame).

The security mechanism controls the bit. When the bit value exists and the verification security mechanism is activated, the media access control layer header must have the frame counter field, and the media access control layer service data unit must have a visa label. The length of the visa label is octet for verification security mechanism calculation to confirm the identity of the source device and the correctness of the text.

The data control bit to be transmitted is only applicable to the primary communication unit transmitting a flag frame, and the frame has a Pending List field.

The reserved bits are used for extension definitions.

The calculation method of the verification security mechanism adopts the AES-CCM ^* conversion program.

The content of the media access control layer, the frame check sequence (FCS), is used to verify the correctness of the received frame. The content of the frame check code is composed of IEEE 802.15.4-2006, section 7.2.1.9.

The frame type includes a beacon frame, a command frame, an Ack frame, a data frame, or at least one reserved frame.

The frame type includes a flag frame, a command frame, a confirmation frame, a data frame and a reserved frame.

The reserved frame is used for extended definition.

The flag frame format includes: the media access control layer header, and includes: a frame control bar, a Beacon Sequence Number, an address bar, and a frame counter column; the media The access control layer service data unit includes a to-be-transmitted bulletin board, a flag load (Beacon Payload) and a visa tag column; and the media access control layer header includes a frame check code.

The confirmation request field value of the frame control field is set to '0', and at least one of the five main flag frames is transmitted, and at least one must use security verification protection, and the frame is used for security verification. The security mechanism control bit of the frame control bar is set to '1'.

The frame control bar has a to-be-transmitted data to be sent to the sub-communication unit in the main communication unit, and the data control bit to be transmitted in the frame control column of the flag frame is set to '1 '.

The serial number in the column number column of the flag is incremented by one according to the number of slots in the time plan.

The serial number in the column of the flag number is used to send a primary flag, and the flag number of the main flag is a multiple of the time slot number.

The address field is filled in the address of the main communication unit and represents the device that issued the flag.

In the frame counter field, when the security mechanism control bit value of the frame control column of the flag frame is '1', the frame counter exists and counts.

The bulletin to be transmitted, the data length is 1 byte, including 0th to 7th bits, each bit represents a corresponding sub-communication unit; in the frame control column of the flag frame Exists when the data control bit value to be transmitted is 1.

The flag load is transmitted according to the requirements of the upper layer.

In the visa label column, when the value of the security mechanism control bit of the frame control column of the flag frame is ‘1’, the visa label is filled in.

The to-be-transmitted bulletin board is configured to store the command frame in the to-be-transmitted bulletin board before the main communication unit transmits a command frame to the sub-communication unit to become a to-be-transmitted data.

The command frame sends a flag frame through the main communication unit, and sets a data control bit to be transmitted in the frame control column of the flag frame, and the bit value is set to '1', indicating one The main communication unit has a data to be transmitted to a communication unit, and the flag signal announcement is not sent, and the command frame cannot be directly transmitted.

The bulletin to be transmitted is that the main communication unit transmits a data frame to the sub-communication unit, and stores the data frame in the bulletin board to be transmitted to become a data to be transmitted.

The data frame sends a flag frame through the main communication unit, and sets a data control bit to be transmitted in the frame control column of the flag frame, and the bit value is set to '1', indicating one The main communication unit has a data to be transmitted to a communication unit, and the flag signal announcement is not sent, and the data frame cannot be directly transmitted.

The command frame format includes: a media access control layer header, including a frame control bar, a data sequence number (DSN), an address bar and a frame counter column; the media storage The control layer service data unit includes a command field (Command Field), a command payload field (Command Payload), and a visa tag column; and the media access control layer header includes a frame check code.

The frame control bar has a set value according to the type of the command frame.

The data serial number column is incremented by one according to the number of command frames.

The data serial number column is incremented by one according to the number of data frames.

The address field (Setting Field) has the set value according to the type of the command frame.

In the frame counter field, when the value of the security mechanism control bit of the frame control bar is '1', the counting of the frame is performed.

In the frame counter field, when the value of the security mechanism control bit of the frame control bar is '0', the counting of the frame is not performed.

The command bar has a command identification field (Command ID), which represents The type of command frame contained in the frame.

The command load field has the set value according to the type of the command frame.

In the visa label column, when the value of the security mechanism control bit of the frame control column of the command frame is '1', the visa label is filled in.

In the visa label column, when the value of the security mechanism control bit of the frame control column of the command frame is '0', there is no data.

The visa label, the length of the data is octet, for verification security mechanism calculation, to confirm the identity of the source device of the transmission frame and the correctness of the text.

The type of the command frame further includes a flag request command (Beacon Request) frame, a data request message frame, a channel change request frame, and a stop channel change command. (Channel Change Cancel) frame, a channel change notification (Channel Change Notification) frame or at least one reserved frame.

The type of the command frame further includes a flag request command (Beacon Request) frame, a data request message frame, a channel change request frame, and a stop channel change command. (Channel Change Cancel) frame, a Channel Change Notification frame and at least one reserved frame.

The reserved frame is used for extended definition.

The flag request command frame requires the main communication unit to transmit a flag frame.

The flag request command frame is sent by the main communication unit or the sub-communication unit and transmitted directly during the communication system time.

The flag requires a command frame, and only the primary communication unit must have the capability to receive and process the flag request frame.

The flag request command frame is a general-purpose flag request command frame (General Beacon Request).

The flag request command frame is a limited type beacon request (Limited Beacon Request).

The load value of the frame is set to '0'.

The general-purpose flag requires that the address field of the command frame be set to 0xFFFFFFFF, the confirmation request field value of the frame control column is set to '0', and the verification field value is set to '0'.

The universal flag requires the command frame to represent a broadcast, and all the main communication units that receive the command frame of the general-purpose flag must send a non-use security verification mechanism at the beginning of the next two time slot boundaries. Flag box.

The restricted flag requires the address field of the command frame to be set to the address of the specific primary communication unit, and the confirmation request field value of the frame control column is set to '1', and the verification field value is set to '0. '.

After receiving the restricted flag request command frame, the main communication unit responds to a confirmation frame and sends a flag frame using the security verification mechanism at the beginning of the next two time slot boundaries.

The address field of the data request frame is filled in the address of the sub-communication unit, representing the source address.

In the data request frame, when the confirmation request field value of the frame control column of the data request frame is set to '1', the receiving end responds with a confirmation frame.

The data request frame, when the verification field value is set to '1', initiates a security verification mechanism to ensure that the sender identity is true.

The load value of the data request frame is set to '0'.

The data request frame is that the sub-communication unit requests the main communication unit to transmit data to the sub-communication unit, and the data communication control bit to be transmitted through a flag frame indicates that the main communication unit is to be transmitted. A frame to be transmitted to the secondary communication unit for triggering.

The data request frame is required by the sub-communication unit to transmit data to the main communication unit, and is triggered by the following event: the sub-communication unit actively requests the upper communication unit, and the sub-communication unit belongs to the main communication unit The data to be transmitted is transmitted to the sub-communication unit.

The address field of the change channel request command frame is filled in the address of the sub-communication unit, representing the source address.

The change channel requires a command frame, and the confirmation request field value of the frame control field of the change channel request command frame is set to '1', and the receiving end responds with a confirmation frame.

The change channel requires a command frame. When the verification field value is set to '1', a security verification mechanism is initiated to ensure that the sender identity is true.

The changing channel requires the load value of the command frame to be based on a preset event.

The changing channel requires a command frame, wherein the sub-communication unit requests the main communication unit to change the channel, and the sub-communication unit continuously loses one main Triggered when the flag frame reaches a preset number of times.

The preset number of times is set by the designer.

The change channel request command frame is triggered when the upper layer requests.

The preset event is a lost flag event, a channel congestion event or a reserved event.

The preset event is a lost flag event, a channel congestion event, and a reserved event.

The reserved event is for use by the extension definition.

The address bar of the stop changing channel request frame is filled in the address of the sub-communication unit, representing the source address.

The stop changing channel command frame, when the confirmation request field value of the frame control column of the stop changing channel command frame is set to '1', the receiving end must respond with a confirmation frame.

The stop changing channel command frame starts a security verification mechanism when the verification field value of the stop changing channel command frame is set to '1' to ensure that the sender identity is true.

The load value of the stop changing channel command frame is set to '0'.

The stop changing the channel command frame is performed by the sub-communication unit requesting the main communication unit to abort the change channel, and the sub-communication unit detects that the reason for changing the channel request command has been extinguished.

The stop changing channel command frame is requested by the upper layer.

The change channel announcement command frame is the main communication unit, by the change channel announcement, notifying the sub-communication unit that the channel or time for transmitting a main flag is about to be changed.

The change channel announcement command frame, in the main communication unit, detects a channel conflict event by itself, thereby performing a channel change process, and triggering when the process succeeds.

The change channel announcement command frame, in the main communication unit, receives a change channel request command issued by the sub-communication unit due to detecting a channel conflict event, and thus triggers when the change channel program succeeds.

The confirmation frame format includes: the media access control layer header, including a frame control bar and a serial number column; and the media access control layer header includes a frame check code.

The serial number in the serial number column must be the same as the serial number in the data serial number column of the frame to be received.

The confirmation frame is used to respond to a transmitting end, confirming that a specific frame transmitted by the transmitting end has been received, and the content of the frame is correct.

The confirmation request field value of the frame control column of the confirmation frame is set to '0'.

The field value of the security mechanism control bit of the confirmation frame is set to '0'.

The receiving end of one of the confirmation frames must be transmitted within a preset time after receiving the confirmation frame.

The preset time is defined as: [one conversion time] ≦ [preset time] ≦ [one conversion time] + [UBF]

(In the formula: the conversion time is: the parameters of the physical layer, which represents the maximum switching processing time allowed during TX/RX conversion; UBF is CSMA-CA machine One of the basic units of Backoff).

The data frame format includes: a media access control layer header, including a frame control bar, a data serial number column, a address field column, and a frame counter field; the media access control layer service data unit, A data payload field (Data Payload) and a visa label column are included; and the media access control layer header includes a frame check code.

The data frame is responded by a confirmation frame, and the confirmation request field value of the frame control column is set to '1'.

The data frame shall be securely verified and protected, and the security mechanism control bit of the frame control field of the data frame is set to '1'.

The serial number in the serial number column of the data is incremented by one according to the number of command frames.

The serial number in the serial number column of the data is incremented by one according to the number of data frames.

In the address bar, when the main communication unit receives a frame, the address field is the address of the source of the frame, and represents the address of the secondary communication unit that transmits the frame.

In the address bar, when the main communication unit transmits a frame, the address field is filled in the address of the frame transmission destination, and represents the address of the sub-communication unit that should receive the data frame.

In the address bar, when the sub-communication unit receives a frame, the address field is an address of the frame transmission destination, and represents a sub-communication unit address that should receive the frame.

In the address bar, when the sub-communication unit transmits a frame, the address bar is filled in The address of the frame source represents the address of the secondary communication unit that transmits the frame.

In the frame counter field, when the data frame is to be securely verified and protected, the frame counter field of the data frame exists for use in the security verification operation.

The data payload field (Data Payload) is transmitted according to the requirements of the upper layer.

In the visa label column, the information frame must be securely verified, and the visa label column of the data frame exists for use in the security verification operation.

The command frame is directly transmitted to the main communication unit via the sub-communication unit within a certain time zone.

The data frame is directly transmitted to the main communication unit via the sub-communication unit in a specific time zone.

The specific time zone is one of the execution cycles defined by a time plan.

When the command frame is sent by the main communication unit, the following steps are required: the main communication unit sends a flag signal to the outside, which contains an announcement to be transmitted; the sub-communication unit receives the flag and disassembles the frame. Confirming that the main communication unit is marked in the to-be-transmitted announcement, and there is a command frame to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit; the sub-communication unit waits for an execution period, issues a data request command frame, and requests the main communication unit to The command frame to be transmitted is transmitted to the sub-communication unit; The main communication unit sends a confirmation frame to the sub-communication unit to confirm receipt of the data request command frame; the main communication unit transmits the command frame to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit; and the sub-communication The unit sends a confirmation frame to the main communication unit to confirm receipt of the command frame to be transmitted.

When the data frame is sent by the main communication unit, the following steps are required: the main communication unit sends a flag signal to the outside, which contains an announcement to be transmitted; the sub-communication unit receives the flag and disassembles the frame. Confirming that the main communication unit is marked in the to-be-transmitted announcement, and there is a data frame to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit; the sub-communication unit waits for an execution period, issues a data request command frame, and requests the main communication unit to The data frame to be transmitted is transmitted to the sub-communication unit; the main communication unit sends a confirmation frame to the sub-communication unit to confirm receipt of the data request command frame; the main communication unit, the data to be transmitted The frame is transmitted to the sub-communication unit; and the sub-communication unit belongs to send a confirmation frame to the main communication unit to confirm receipt of the data frame to be transmitted.

The main communication unit sends a flag signal to the outside for synchronization of the sub-communication unit, and listens to the request command of the sub-communication unit to provide an appropriate service, and one main communication unit can serve up to 8 sub-communications unit.

The sub-communication unit synchronizes with the main communication unit by using the flag signal, and can request a request for service to the main communication unit, and the sub-communication unit must be numbered.

The media access control layer service data unit is configured to have a relative frame load according to the frame type for placing the upper layer data.

Accordingly, according to the above method, a communication unit can receive and transmit a data frame, complete communication with another communication unit, and can respond to the state of the external communication environment, and replace the communication channel when the communication channel is congested, so The problem of loss of transmission data caused by transmission data collision during wireless communication is reduced, and the reserved field of the method can be expanded according to different implementation environments to achieve the purpose of improving the compatibility, communication quality and stability of the wireless sensing system. .

However, in order to further clarify the present invention, and to illustrate a preferred embodiment of the drawings, the detailed description will be described later with reference to the drawings:

Referring to FIG. 1 , a system architecture diagram of a wireless communication method for a low-speed wireless personal network according to the present invention is disclosed. The present embodiment is applied to a vehicle anti-theft system, and the implementation environment of the wireless communication method is defined as three levels. Up to down, respectively, an upper layer 10, a media access control layer 11 and a physical layer 12, using a physical layer management service entity of the physical layer 12, operating a wireless transmission receiver 13, the wireless transmission receiver 13, The state of a particular channel is monitored by a monitoring mechanism, and a segment is selected in the particular channel, and the physical layer 12 is accessed by using a physical layer attribute database of the physical layer 12. Each of the attributes is transmitted by the wireless transmission receiver 13 to receive a data frame, and the data frame is transmitted to the physical layer 12 via the physical layer management service entity, and the physical layer frame is processed by using the physical layer 12 Mechanism, disassembling the data frame, and obtaining a media access control layer protocol data unit, transmitting the media access control layer protocol data unit to the media access control layer via a physical layer data delivery service access point 11. The media access control layer 11 processes the media access control layer protocol data unit and obtains an upper layer frame and the upper layer frame through the media access control layer 11 by using a media layer frame processing mechanism. A media layer shares a partial sub-layer access point to the upper layer 10.

In a more specific implementation, the present invention also includes: the upper layer 10, transmitting an upper layer frame to a media access control layer 11 via a media layer common partial layer access point, the medium access control layer 11 And using a media layer frame processing mechanism to combine the upper frame into a media access control layer protocol data unit, where the media access control layer 11 is connected to a physical layer data delivery service access point, The media access control layer protocol data unit is transmitted to the physical layer 12 via the physical layer data delivery service access point, and the physical layer 12 uses a physical layer frame processing mechanism to combine a physical layer protocol data unit, and Through the physical layer data service access point, a wireless transmission receiver 13 is operated through the physical layer 12 to transmit the physical layer protocol data unit to the outside world.

Accordingly, a communication unit performs wireless data transmission with another communication unit according to the above method.

The specific frequency band may be a public license-free channel such as 868-868.6 MHz, 902-928 MHz, 2400-2483.5 MHz, etc., in this implementation A total of 16 channels, as shown in Figure 14.

The channel is calculated as follows: F _C = 2405 + 5 (k - 11) MHz, k = 11 to 26

The monitoring mechanism refers to a channel idle evaluation to monitor the currently used channel status, and performs channel determination according to the following three modes: mode 1: energy exceeds threshold; mode 2: detection uses the same modulation and spread spectrum characteristics Signal 3; Mode 3: Signals using the same modulation and spread spectrum characteristics are detected and their energy exceeds the threshold.

The monitored channel performs one channel monitoring in the above specific mode. When the status of the monitored channel meets the discriminating condition of the specific mode, it is determined that the channel is busy, as when the signal is monitored by mode 1, when the energy value of the monitored channel is If the threshold is exceeded, it is determined that the monitored channel is busy. Even if the monitored channel does not detect the signal using the same modulation and spreading characteristics, it is determined that the monitored channel is not applicable.

The media layer sublayer management entity service access point is connected to the media access control layer 11 and the upper layer 10, and the upper layer 10 can manage the entity service access point by using the media layer sublayer, and access the media access. Management service of the control layer 11.

The physical layer data delivery service access point includes a sub-layer entity providing a second peer-to-peer media access control layer 11, and a media access control layer protocol data unit, and a sub-media access control layer Data transfer between layer entities.

The physical layer protocol data unit format is composed of a synchronization header, a physical layer header, and a physical layer data unit, as shown in FIG.

The synchronization header further includes a leading character, the data length is 4 bytes, and is filled in by the binary value, and the filled value is all 0; and the start boundary of the frame is a specific one. The character 10100111 represents the starting point of the frame.

The data length of the physical layer header is 8 bits, and the 8-bit element is divided into a 7-bit frame length and a 1-bit reserved bit. The frame length represents the subsequent physical layer data unit. Data length.

The data length of the physical layer data unit ranges from 0 to 127 octet units and includes a media access control layer protocol data unit.

The attributes of the physical layer attribute database include the channel number currently used by the device, the status of the particular channel being used, the power usage status of the wireless transceiver, and the channel idle evaluation mode status.

The media access control layer protocol data unit, the format is composed of a media access control layer header, a media access control layer service data unit, and a media access control layer tail, as shown in FIG.

The media access control layer header further includes a frame control field, the data length is 1 byte; a serial number field, the data length is 1 byte, used to identify the sequence of the frame An address field, which is a selective field, the length of the field data is 4 bytes for a communication unit, the destination or source of the identification frame; and a frame counter field Bit, the length of the data is 4 bytes, used for the verification mechanism calculation.

The frame control field format is further included (as shown in Table 1): the zeroth to the two bits (Bit0~2) are a frame type, and the frame type is the zeroth to the two bits. The value is defined; the third bit (Bit3) is a confirmation request, and the third bit value is set to '1' to indicate that the frame requires the receiver to respond with a confirmation frame; the fourth bit (Bit4) is Is a continuous value, the fourth bit A value of '1' indicates that the sender still has subsequent data to be sent. The receiver should continue to listen for a preset time after the frame ends, and the frame requires the recipient to receive a confirmation message. The box responds, the continuation time is calculated from the back to the confirmation frame; the fifth bit (Bit5) is an authentication code, and the fifth bit value is set to '1' to indicate the activation verification mechanism, the media access control layer The header must have the frame counter field. The media access control layer service data unit must have a visa label. The fifth digit value is set to '0' to indicate that the frame does not need to initiate the verification mechanism; the sixth bit (Bit6) is a data control bit to be transmitted, which is only applicable to the main communication unit transmitting a flag frame. The sixth bit value is set to '1' to indicate that a main communication unit has a data to be transmitted. a communication unit, and the frame must have a bulletin field to be transmitted. The sixth bit value is set to '0' to indicate that no data is to be transmitted; and the seventh bit (Bit7) is a reserved bit for expansion. Define usage.

The preset time calculation method is as follows: [one frame interval time] + [one continuous frame waiting time]

(In the formula: frame interval time: it means that there must be at least a period of time between the two frames of the same communication unit in the transmission frame; continuous frame waiting time: indicating that the sender still has the following data to be sent At the time, the receiver should continue the listening time after the end of the receiving frame.

The calculation method of the verification mechanism adopts the AES-CCM ^* conversion program.

The media access control layer service data unit is configured to load the data of the upper layer 10 according to the frame type.

The media access control layer tailing content, the frame check code, is used to verify the correctness of the received frame, and the content of the frame check code is IEEE 802.15.4-2006, section 7.2.1.9. Composition.

The frame check code is 16-bit CRC data. The result of calculating the MAC Header and MAC Payload can be used to check whether the received frame is correct. The calculation process of the frame check code is as follows: A. Take M (x) ) represents the calculated check code, that is, the check code formed by MAC Header and MAC Payload, calculated as follows: M(x) = b ₀ x ^k-1 +b ₁ x ^k-2 +...+b _K-2 x+b _k-1 Equation 1

B. Calculate P(x) , calculated as follows: P(x) = M(x) . x ¹⁶ Equation 2

C. Calculate P(x) divided by G ₁₆ (x) (modulo 2) to obtain the remainder R(x) , where R (x) is expressed by: G ₁₆ (x) = x ¹⁶ + x ¹² + x ⁵ + 1 Equation 3

R(x) = r ₀ x ¹⁵ + r ₁ x ¹⁴ +...+ r ₁₄ x + r ₁₅ Equation 4

D. The obtained r ₀ r ₁ ... r ₁₄ r _{15 is} the check code of the frame check code (FCS sequence).

In this embodiment, the frame check code is obtained by using a shift register, and the flow is as follows (as shown in FIG. 17):

A. The register initial values r ₀ to r _{15 are} all set to '0'.

B. Feed the MAC Header and MAC Payload into the register in sequence.

C. When the last bit is fed, the contents of the register (r ₀ ~ r ₁₅ ) is the check code of the frame check code.

D. The frame check code will be added to the end of the frame, and r ₀ is the Least Significant Bit (LSB).

The frame type further includes (as shown in Table 2): a flag frame, the frame identification field value b2b1b0 of the flag frame is 000; a command frame, the frame of the command frame The identification field value b2b1b0 is 001; in a confirmation frame, the frame identification field value b2b1b0 of the confirmation frame is 010; and a data frame, the frame identification field value b2b1b0 of the data frame is 011.

Wherein b2, b1, and b0 represent the first, second, and third bits of the frame type, respectively, and the bit value of b2b1b0 is between 100 and 111. The frame identification field reserved value is used for the extended definition. .

The flag frame format is as follows (as shown in Table 3): the media access control layer header (MHR, MAC header), including a frame control bar (FCF), a flag number column (BSN) ), an address bar (Addressing) and a frame counter (Frame Counter); the media access control layer service data unit (MSDU, MAC Service Data Unit, MAC Payload), including a pending Pending List, a Beacon Payload, and a Visa Label Bar (Auth.Tag); and the Media Access Control Layer End (MFR, MAC) Footer), including a frame check code (FCS).

The frame control bar has a data length of 1 byte. The flag frame is transmitted without confirmation of the frame response. The confirmation field of the frame control field must be set to '0' for each transmission. At least one of the main flag frames must use security verification protection. Use the security verification frame. The security control bit of the frame control bar of the frame must be set to '1', otherwise set to '0'. When the main communication unit has a data to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit, the value of the data control bit field to be transmitted in the frame control column of the flag frame must be set to '1', otherwise set to '0 '.

The flag number column, the length of the data is 1 byte, the field is incremented by 1 according to the number of slots, and the flag number of the main flag must be a multiple of the slot number.

The address bar, the length of the data is 4 bytes, must be filled in the address of the main communication unit, representing the device that issued the flag.

In the frame counter field, when the value of the security mechanism control bit of the frame control bar is '1', the frame counter exists and counts, the data length is 4 bytes, and the frame control of the frame When the value of the security mechanism control bit of the column is '0', the counting of the frame is not performed.

In the to-be-transmitted bulletin board, when the bit value to be transmitted of the frame control column is '1', the bulletin board to be transmitted exists, the data length is 1 byte, and the bit value to be transmitted is '0'. There is no bulletin to be transmitted.

The flag load is transmitted according to the requirements of the upper layer 10; in the visa label column, when the value of the security mechanism control bit of the frame control bar is '1', the visa label is filled in, and the data length is 8 bytes. If the value of the security mechanism control bit of the frame control bar of the frame is '0', the visa tag field does not exist.

The frame check code has a length of 2 bytes.

In this implementation, the format of the flag payload header is as shown in Table 4 below.

The vehicle status field includes: a zero position (Bit 0) for the vehicle to lock; a first bit (Bit 1) for starting the vehicle engine; and a second bit (Bit 2), In order to activate the vehicle alarm system; the third to five bits (Bit 3~5), a total of 2 bits, for the reserved bits for future expansion; a control code field contains: sixth Bit (Bit 6), warning for the vehicle; Bit 7 (Bit 7), for reserved bits for expansion.

The control code field is used to control the presence or absence of the subsequent field. In this embodiment, the control code has only one warning code, and only when the value of the warning code is '1'. The warning message exists only after the flag payload header, and the data length is 1 byte.

The format of the flag payload is shown in Table 5 below.

Wherein, the data length of the flag load header is 1 byte, which is mandatory; a warning message is selectively present, and the value of the warning code of the control code of the flag load header must be ' It only exists at 1'; the length of the warning message is 1 byte for warning announcement.

The bulletin board to be transmitted, before the main communication unit transmits a command frame or a data frame to the sub-communication unit, the command frame or the data frame must be stored as a data to be transmitted and sent. a flag frame, and setting a data control bit to be transmitted in the frame control column of the flag frame, the bit value is set to '1', indicating that a primary communication unit has a data to be transmitted to a pair The communication unit does not send the flag signal announcement, and the command frame cannot be directly transmitted; the length of the bulletin board data to be transmitted is 1 byte, respectively 0 to 7 bits, and each bit represents a relative pair Communication unit.

The command frame format is as follows (as shown in Table 6): the media access control layer header (MHR, MAC header) includes a frame control bar (FCF), a data sequence number column (Data Sequence Number) , DSN), an Addressing Field, and a Frame Counter; the Media Access Control Layer Service Data Unit (MSDU, MAC Service) Data Unit, MAC Payload), including a Command Field, a Command Payload, and a Visa Tab (Auth.Tag); and the Media Access Control Layer (MFR, MAC footer) ), including a frame check code (FCS).

The frame control column has a set value according to the type of the command frame, and the data length is 1 byte; the data serial number column has a data length of 1 byte, and the serial number in the data serial number column is based on The number of command frames or data frames is incremented by one; the address field has the set value according to the type of the command frame, and the data length is 4 bytes.

In the frame counter field, when the value of the security mechanism control bit of the frame control bar is set to '1', the counting of the frame is performed, and the data length is 4 bytes, and the security mechanism of the frame control bar is used. When the value of the control bit is '0', the counting of the frame is not performed.

The command bar has a data length of 1 byte and a command recognition field, which represents the type of command frame contained in the frame.

The command load field has a set value according to the type of the command frame, and has a corresponding command load value.

In the visa label column, when the value of the security mechanism control bit of the frame control bar is set to '1', the visa label is filled in, and the data length is 8 bytes for verification security mechanism calculation to confirm the transmission. The frame source device identity and text correctness; when the value of the security mechanism control bit of the frame control bar is '0', there is no data.

The frame check code has a length of 2 bytes.

The type of the command frame is as follows (as shown in Table 7), a flag request frame, the command identification field value b3b2b1b0 of the flag request frame is 0001; a data request frame, the data request The command recognition field value b3b2b1b0 of the frame is 0010; a change channel requires a command frame, and the change channel requires that the command recognition field value b3b2b1b0 of the command frame is 0011; once the channel change request frame is stopped, the channel change request is stopped. The command recognition field value b3b2b1b0 of the frame is 0100; and a change channel announcement frame, the command recognition field value b3b2b1b0 of the change channel announcement frame is 0101.

Wherein, b3, b2, b1, and b0 respectively represent the first, second, third, and fourth bits of the type of the command frame, and the bit value of b3b2b1b0 is between The reserved value of the command frame identification field between 0110 and 1111 is used for the extension definition.

The flag request frame requires the main communication unit to transmit a flag frame, and the main communication unit or the sub-communication unit can send the flag request frame, and can directly transmit in the system time, but only The primary communication unit shall be capable of receiving and processing the flag request frame.

The flag request frame is divided into a general-purpose flag request command frame and a restricted flag request command frame, and the universal flag requires a command frame and the restricted flag request command frame. The load value is set to '0'.

The general-purpose flag requires a command frame, the address field is set to 0xFFFFFFFF, the confirmation request field value of the frame control column is set to '0', and the verification field value is set to '0'; the universal flag The command frame is required to represent the broadcast. All the main communication units that receive the command frame of the general-purpose flag must send a flag frame that does not use the security verification mechanism at the beginning of the next two time slot boundaries.

The restricted flag requires the address field of the command frame to be set to the address of a specific main communication unit, and the confirmation request field value of the frame control column is set to '1', and the verification field value is set to ' 0'; the specific primary communication unit, after receiving the restricted flag request command frame, responds to a confirmation frame and sends a flag frame using the security verification mechanism at the beginning of the next two time slot boundaries.

The address field of the data request frame shall be filled in the address of the sub-communication unit, representing the source address; when the confirmation request field value of the frame control column of the data request frame is set to '1', the reception is received. The terminal shall respond with a confirmation frame; when the verification field value of the data request frame is set to '1', the security verification mechanism is activated to ensure that the identity of the sender is true; the load value of the data request frame is set to '0. '.

The data request frame is required by the sub-communication unit to transmit data to the main communication unit, and is triggered by the following two events: A. the sub-communication unit is informed by the announcement of a flag frame to be transmitted, the main The communication unit has a to-be-transmitted frame to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit; B. the upper layer 10 requests the sub-communication unit to actively inquire, the sub-communication unit belongs to the main communication unit to transmit data, and requests the main communication unit to transmit the The information to be transmitted is sent to the sub-communication unit.

The sub-communication unit proposes the flow of the data request frame (as shown in FIG. 2) as follows: (1) waiting for the sub-communication unit to wait until an execution cycle 201; (2) causing the sub-communication unit to pass a CSMA-CA The mechanism transmits a data request frame 202. If the CSMA-CA mechanism is successfully executed, the step (3) is performed; if the CSMA-CA mechanism fails to execute, the process 203 is ended; (3) the sub-communication unit transmits a data request frame 204, And waiting for the main communication unit to confirm the frame response 205; (4) the sub-communication unit receives the confirmation frame, step (5) is performed; if the sub-communication unit does not receive the confirmation frame, the process ends. 206; (5) the continuous value of the frame control field of the confirmation frame is '1', then step (6) is performed; the continuous value of the frame control field of the confirmation frame is not '1' Then, the process 207 is ended; (6) the sub-communication unit continues to listen to a preset time 208, and the preset time calculation mode is as follows: [preset time]=[one frame interval time]+[continuous information Box waiting time]

(In the formula: frame interval time: indicates that the same communication list is sent to the message box. The two frames of the element must be separated by at least a period of time; the continuous frame waiting time: indicating that the sender still has time for the subsequent data to be sent, and the receiver should continue the listening time after the receiving frame ends. ).

(7) Receiving a data frame causes the sub-communication unit to perform step (5); if no data frame is received, the sub-communication unit ends the process 209.

The main communication unit accepts the flow of the data request frame (as shown in FIG. 3). The steps are as follows: (1) The main communication unit checks the address bar of the data request frame to determine that the issuer belongs to the sub-communication. The unit performs step (2); determines that the issuer does not belong to the sub-communication unit, and ends the process 301; (2) causes the main communication unit to check whether there is any data to be transmitted, and the step of executing the data to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit is performed ( 4); no data to be transmitted (3) [302]; (3) the main communication unit responds to a confirmation frame and the continuous value should be set to '0' [303], the confirmation frame is transmitted and the flow 304 is ended. (4) Let the main communication unit respond to a confirmation frame and the continuous value should be set to '1' [305], and transmit the confirmation frame 306; (5) cause the main communication unit to check the number of frames to be transmitted 307, when the If the number of transmitted frames is greater than 1, the main communication unit responds with a confirmation frame and the continuous value should be set to '1' [3071]; when the number of frames to be transmitted is less than 1, the main communication unit responds with a confirmation frame and The continuous value should be set to '0' [3072]; (6) cause the primary communication unit to perform a CSMA-CA mechanism 308, the CSMA-CA Enforce successfully executing step (6); the CSMA-CA mechanism failed and finishes the process 309; (7) causing the main communication unit to transmit the to-be-transmitted data 310, and waiting for the sub-communication unit to acknowledge the frame response 311; (8) the main communication unit receives the confirmation frame, and then performing step (9); If the communication unit does not receive the confirmation frame, the process 312 is ended; (9) the main communication unit checks whether there is any subsequent data to be transmitted, and if the subsequent data to be transmitted is to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit, step (5) is performed; After the subsequent data to be transmitted, the process ends.

The address field of the change channel request command frame shall be filled in the address of the sub-communication unit, representing the source address; the confirmation request field value of the frame control column of the change channel request command frame is set to When '1', the receiving end shall respond with a confirmation frame; when the verification channel requires that the verification field value of the command frame is set to '1', the security verification mechanism is activated to ensure that the sender identity is true; The data request frame load value is a set value according to a preset event, and the corresponding change channel requires the load value of the command frame.

The change channel request command frame is that the sub-communication unit requests the main communication unit to change the channel, and is triggered by the following two events: A. the sub-communication unit continuously loses a main flag frame 2 times; B The upper layer 10 requires that the primary communication unit belong to change the channel.

The preset event is as follows (as shown in Table 8): a loss flag event, the load value of the lost flag event b7b6b5b4 is 0001; and a channel congestion event, the load value of the channel congestion event b7b6b5b4 is 0010 .

Wherein b7, b6, b5 and b4 respectively represent the first, second, third and fourth bits of the event type, and the bit value of b7b6b5b4 is between 0011 and 1111, and the value of the load is retained. Used for extended definitions.

The address bar of the stop changing channel command frame is filled in the address of the sub-communication unit, representing the source address; the stop changing the channel command frame, and the confirmation request field value of the frame control bar is set to When '1', the receiving end shall respond with a confirmation frame; when the verification field value of the stop changing channel command frame is set to '1', the security verification mechanism is activated to ensure that the sender identity is true; The load value of the stop change channel command frame is set to '0'.

The stop changing channel command frame is that the sub-communication unit requests the main communication unit to suspend the change of the channel, and is triggered by the following two events: A. The sub-communication unit detects that the reason for changing the channel request command has been eliminated; The upper layer 10 requires that the primary communication unit belongs to abort changing the channel.

The change channel announcement command frame is the main communication unit, and the sub-communication unit is notified by the change channel announcement, that is, the channel or time for sending a main flag is changed, which is triggered by the following two events:

A. The main communication unit detects the channel conflict event by itself and thus changes the channel flow when the process is successful.

B. The main communication unit receives the change channel request command issued by the sub-communication unit due to detecting a channel conflict event, thereby changing the channel path When the order is successful.

The confirmation frame format is as follows (as shown in Table 9): the media access control layer header includes a frame control bar; a serial number column must be the same as the sequence number column of the frame to be acknowledged and received, and the data The length is 1 byte, and the confirmation frame is used to respond to a transmitting end, confirming that a specific frame transmitted by the transmitting end has been received, and the content of the frame is correct; The media access control layer header includes a frame check code, and the data length is 2 bytes.

The confirmation frame does not need to be responded by another confirmation frame, and does not need to be protected by a security verification mechanism. Therefore, the confirmation field of the frame control column of the confirmation frame requires the field value and the field of the security mechanism control bit. The value must be set to '0', and the serial number in the serial number field must be the same as the serial number in the data serial number column of the confirmation receiving frame. The confirmation frame is used to respond to a transmitting end and confirm that it has been received. A specific frame transmitted by the transmitting end, and the content of the frame is correct. After receiving a frame requesting a confirmation response, the confirmation frame must be transmitted within a preset time without passing through the CAMA- CA mechanism.

The definition of the preset time is as follows: [one conversion time] ≦ [preset time] ≦ [one conversion time] + [UBF]

(In the formula: the conversion time is: the parameters of the physical layer, which represents the maximum switching processing time allowed during TX/RX conversion; UBF is CSMA-CA machine One of the basic units of Backoff).

The data frame format is as follows (as shown in Table 10): the media access control layer header includes a frame control bar, a data serial number column, an address field column, and a frame counter field; The media access control layer service data unit includes a data load field and a visa tag column; and the media access control layer header includes a frame check code.

The control field of the frame, the length of the data is 1 byte. The data frame must be acknowledged by the frame and the security verification. Therefore, the confirmation field of the frame control column requires the field value and the security control bit value. Set to '1'.

In the serial number column of the data, the length of the data is 1 byte. The serial number in the serial number column of the data is incremented by 1 according to the number of command frames, or 1 is added successively according to the number of data frames.

The address bar has a length of 4 bytes, and the main communication unit receives a frame, the address bar represents the address of the frame source; and the main communication unit transmits a frame, the address The field is filled in the address of the transmission destination of the frame, and represents the address of the sub-communication unit that should receive the data frame; the sub-communication unit receives a frame, and the address field is the transmission destination of the frame. Address, the sub-communication unit address of the frame should be received; the sub-communication unit transmits a frame, and the address field is filled in the address of the frame source, and represents the sub-communication unit address of the frame. .

The frame counter field has a data length of 4 bytes. When the data frame is to be securely verified, the frame counter field is present for use in the security verification operation.

The data load field is transmitted according to the requirements of the upper layer 10.

In the visa label column, the length of the data is 8 bytes. If the information frame is to be securely verified, the visa label field must exist for safe verification.

The frame check code has a length of 2 bytes.

The command frame can be directly transmitted to the main communication unit via the sub-communication unit within a certain time period.

The data frame can be directly transmitted to the main communication unit via the sub-communication unit in a specific time zone.

The specific time zone is one of the execution cycles defined by a time plan.

When the command frame is sent by the main communication unit, the following steps are required: the main communication unit sends a flag signal to the outside, which contains an announcement to be transmitted; the sub-communication unit receives the flag and disassembles the frame. Confirming that the main communication unit is marked in the to-be-transmitted announcement, and there is a command frame to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit; the sub-communication unit waits for an execution period, issues a data request command frame, and requests the main communication unit to Command frame transmission to be transmitted Giving the sub-communication unit; the main communication unit sends a confirmation frame to the sub-communication unit to confirm receipt of the data request command frame; the main communication unit transmits the command frame to be transmitted to the sub-communication And the sub-communication unit sends a confirmation frame to the main communication unit to confirm receipt of the command frame to be transmitted.

When the data frame is sent by the main communication unit, the following steps are required: the main communication unit sends a flag signal to the outside, which contains an announcement to be transmitted; the sub-communication unit receives the flag and disassembles the frame. Confirming that the main communication unit is marked in the to-be-transmitted announcement, and there is a data frame to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit; the sub-communication unit waits for an execution period, issues a data request command frame, and requests the main communication unit to The data frame to be transmitted is transmitted to the sub-communication unit; the main communication unit sends a confirmation frame to the sub-communication unit to confirm receipt of the data request command frame; the main communication unit, the data to be transmitted The frame is transmitted to the sub-communication unit; and the sub-communication unit belongs to send a confirmation frame to the main communication unit to confirm receipt of the data frame to be transmitted.

The main communication unit sends a flag signal to the outside for synchronization of the sub-communication unit, and listens to the request command of the sub-communication unit to provide an appropriate service, and one main communication unit can serve up to 8 sub-communications unit.

The sub-communication unit synchronizes with the main communication unit by using the flag signal, and can request a request for service to the main communication unit, and the sub-communication unit must be numbered.

The main communication unit collects information on a specific channel of the outside world, and divides the time structure of the channel by a time planning method. The time planning method is a preset time unit, and the time of dividing the channel is a plurality of time slots. 16 time slots constitute a main flag transmission time interval unit, and one main flag is sent once in the first time slot of each main flag time, and at least one of the five main flags continuously transmitted is used. A data encryption mechanism protects against counterfeit signals.

In addition, the synchronous communication must be operated at a media control layer, and in response to the identity of the communication unit and the different states, the state of the media control layer is required by the four states A, B, C, and D, and the media control layer is four. The status is as follows (as shown in Figure 4): Standby state: a communication device is turned on, or the sub-communication unit loses synchronous communication with the main communication unit, and enters the standby state; this fashion cannot communicate with other communication The device communicates and waits for the upper layer 10 command to request work.

Open state: the main communication unit starts an open service flow in the standby state, and then enters an open state, and the main communication unit selects the most appropriate channel and time at this time, ready to send a main flag signal; When it is successfully turned on, it enters the service state. If it fails, it will return to the standby state.

Search status: the sub-communication unit enters the search state after starting a service search process in the standby state, and the sub-communication unit searches at this time, and belongs to the main communication unit to send the channel and time of one of the main flag signals; If the search succeeds, it will enter the service state, and if the search fails, it will return to the standby state.

Service status: After the main communication unit is successfully turned on, it enters the service state. At this time, the main communication unit periodically sends a main flag signal and starts to cycle each cycle.

After the search succeeds, the sub-communication unit enters the service state. At this time, the sub-communication unit periodically receives a main flag signal, thereby correcting the slot boundary time, maintaining synchronization with the associated main communication unit, and starting the round tour. Each cycle; if the sub-communication unit cannot maintain synchronization with its own primary communication unit, it must return to the standby state.

After the communication unit enters the service state, the time slot can be further cut into an execution cycle, a sleep cycle, a flag cycle, and a preparation cycle (as shown in FIG. 4) and according to the following A to D sequence wheels. Tour cycle:

A. Flag period 113: This main communication unit transmits a flag signal during the flag period, and the sub-communication unit receives the flag signal during this period.

B. Execution cycle 114: The main communication unit receives the data or command frame transmitted by the sub-communication unit during the execution cycle, and vice versa, during the execution cycle, the sub-communication unit can transmit the data or command frame as needed during the execution period. No data to be transmitted, energy saving mode can be entered early to save power consumption.

C. Sleep cycle 115: When there is no special event to be processed, the primary communication unit and the secondary communication unit can enter the energy-saving mode during the sleep cycle to save power consumption.

D. Preparation cycle 116: When the main communication unit does not transmit the flag signal in the next time slot, the main communication unit opens early in the preparation cycle to receive the data transmitted by the secondary communication unit, and vice versa, when the next time slot has a flag signal The transmission and the sub-communication unit should be opened early in the preparation interval. The action of pre-opening is to overcome the time error caused by the difference between the main communication unit and the sub-communication unit due to the difference of the oscillation elements, and the receiving end is in the receiving. Before the time slot boundary of the signal, the receiver is turned on in advance to avoid missing data. The length of the early opening interval is a lead time; if the next flag period has no flag signal to be received, the secondary communication unit can enter the energy saving mode to save Power consumption.

In this implementation, the system is applied to a vehicle anti-theft system, and is divided into a control unit (Controller) and a mobile unit (Remoter) according to functions and uses, wherein the control unit is the media access control. The main communication unit defined by layer 11 is installed in the vehicle in the present embodiment, and is connected to an engine management (EMS) system via a CAN bus or UART link to control the vehicle anti-theft and engine information communication system; The mobile unit is the media access control layer 11, the sub-communication unit is defined, and the sub-communication unit is numbered 0. In this embodiment, the sub-communication unit is a remote controller, and the remote controller has a use. The interface is as follows: a liquid crystal display, a button, etc., for displaying a status warning message of the vehicle, and accepting a vehicle control command issued by a user, and transmitting the control command to the control unit.

The control unit and the mobile unit must enter a working state to perform related operations of the vehicle theft prevention system. Therefore, the control unit and the mobile unit must start an application layer corresponding process to enter a working state in different states. The description of the four states of the application layer (shown in Figure 5) is as follows:

Standby state: The control unit has not been turned on after power on or after rebooting. The mobile unit is initially provided with a service, and the control unit is in a standby state; after the mobile unit is powered on, the synchronous communication with the associated control unit has not been completed, or the mobile unit loses synchronous communication with the associated control unit, and enters the standby state.

Start-up state: In the standby state, the control unit starts the start service program and immediately enters the startup state. At this time, the control unit selects the most appropriate channel and time, and prepares to provide various services to the mobile unit to which the mobile unit belongs.

Synchronization state: The mobile unit starts the synchronization procedure in the standby state and immediately enters the synchronization state. At this time, the mobile unit searches for the channel and time of the service provided by the control unit, and attempts to synchronize with the control unit to which it belongs.

Working status: After the service is successfully started, the control unit enters the working state immediately. At this time, the control unit must periodically broadcast and send a vehicle status, and listen to the service requirements issued by the mobile unit. When a warning event occurs, A notice of the relevant mobile unit must be issued.

After the synchronization succeeds, the mobile unit immediately enters the working state. At this time, the mobile unit periodically receives the state of the vehicle, and accordingly updates the vehicle state information, and if necessary, issues a vehicle control command to the control unit.

When the mobile unit receives the announcement sent by the control unit, it should be displayed to the user through a suitable user interface such as a liquid crystal display.

The following is the workflow and the conditions that can be executed by the control unit and the mobile unit in each state in each state. First, the service program is started. Only the control unit supports the program, and the startup timing is power on or restart. After booting up.

Wherein, when the control unit is powered on or restarted, the process of starting the starting service program is as shown in FIG. 6, and the detailed steps are as follows: (1) the initial SLPE value is set to '0'[401]; (2) the control unit The service opening process 402 of the media access control layer 11 is started. When the service program is successfully started, the service success 403 is started, the control unit enters the working state, and the program 407 is ended. When the service program fails to be started 403, the step (3) is executed. (3) When SLPE>2, the service failure 404 is started, the control unit is returned to the standby state, and the program 408 is ended; (4) rest wait 10 ^* 2 ^SLPE seconds 405; (5) SLPE plus 1 [406 ]; (6) Go back to step 2 and perform an open service procedure again.

The SLPE value is a rest index, which is a time for setting the rest of the control unit to rest.

Secondly, in the synchronization state, the mobile unit starts the synchronization program in the standby state, and the synchronization program only supports the program by the mobile unit, so that the mobile unit enters the working state, and can be divided into the following four programs according to different starting timings. :

Mode 1: After powering on or rebooting.

Mode 2: After the synchronization is lost; when the mobile unit receives a loss of synchronization message from the media access control layer 11, it should first return to the standby state and immediately execute the program.

Mode 3: When scanning is required; when the mobile unit receives the user requesting to scan the channel, the program is executed.

Mode 4: In standby mode; when the mobile unit is in standby and no This procedure is performed as other work progresses.

The following is a detailed description of the procedure steps of modes one through four.

The synchronization mode-program flow (shown in FIG. 7) steps are as follows: (1) the mobile unit performs the service search process C of the media access control layer 11 once 501, and if successful, performs step (6) [502]; The failure causes the mobile unit to perform step (2) [502]; (2) causes the mobile unit to perform the service search process A of the media access control layer 11 twice 503, and if successful, performs step (6); if it fails, the mobile unit Step (3) [504]; (3) cause the mobile unit to perform the service search process D of the media access control layer 11 once 505, if successful, perform step (6); if the failure, the mobile unit performs step (4) [ 506]; (4) causing the mobile unit to perform the service search process B of the media access control layer 11 twice, 507, if successful, perform step (6); if it fails, the mobile unit performs step (5) [508]; (5) If both steps (1) to (4) fail, the synchronization fails, the mobile unit returns to the standby state 51, and the program ends; (6) the synchronization is successful, the mobile unit enters the working state 52, and the program ends.

The synchronization mode two program flow steps are as follows (as shown in FIG. 8): (1) the mobile unit performs the service search process C of the media access control layer 11 once 510, and if successful, executes step (5); Let the mobile unit perform step (2) [511]; (2) cause the mobile unit to perform the service search of the medium access control layer 11 Flow A is 512. If successful, step (5) is performed; if the failure is performed, the mobile unit performs step (3) [513]; (3) causes the mobile unit to perform the service search flow D of the medium access control layer 11 once 514. If the success is successful, step (5) is performed; if the failure is performed, the mobile unit performs step (4) [515]; (4) steps (1) to (3) fail, the synchronization fails, and the mobile unit returns to the standby state 51. End the program; (5) the synchronization is successful, the mobile unit enters the working state 52, and the program ends.

The synchronization mode three program flow (shown in FIG. 9) has the following steps: (1) causing the mobile unit to perform the service search process D of the media access control layer 11 once 520, and if successful, perform step (5); The mobile unit performs step (2) [521]; (2) causes the mobile unit to perform the service search process A of the media access control layer 11 twice 522, and if successful, performs step (5); if not, the mobile unit performs the step ( 2) [523]; (3) Let the mobile unit perform the service search process B of the media access control layer 11 once 524, if successful, perform step (5); if it fails, the mobile unit performs step (2) [525]; (4) If both steps (1) to (3) fail, the synchronization fails, the mobile unit returns to the standby state 51, and the program ends; (5) the synchronization is successful, the mobile unit enters the working state 52, and the program ends.

The synchronization mode four program flow (shown in Figure 10) steps are as follows: (1) Every 10 seconds 530 causes the mobile unit to perform the media access control layer 11 service search process C once 531, the service search succeeds to perform step (4) [532]; (2) the service search fails 532, then the mobile unit, Determining the total search time of the service search process C. When the total search time of the service search process C is less than 360 seconds, the mobile unit continues to perform step (1); when the service search process C total search time is equal to 360 seconds, The mobile unit performs step (3) [533]; (3) every 342 seconds, the mobile unit performs the media access control layer 11 service search process A 535 once, and the service search succeeds step (4); the service search fails. Then, the mobile unit performs step (1) [536]; (4) the synchronization succeeds, enters the working state 52, and ends the program.

In addition, in the synchronous mode four program, the media access control layer 11 service search process is in a synchronized state, and is in a standby state when the service search fails and the mobile unit is at rest.

In the synchronization procedure of the mobile unit, the service search process is respectively the following four types: A, B, C, and D:

A: Before the sub-communication unit enters the standby state, the last set use channel is turned on for one unit time to receive the flag signal.

B: According to the order of channel search, the unit signal is received for one unit time on each channel.

C: Before the sub-communication unit enters the standby state, the channel that is finally set is used to perform a channel search process.

D: The channel search process is performed on each channel in the order of channel search.

After the control unit enters the working state, the current vehicle state information must be periodically broadcasted to the mobile unit through one of the main flags of the media access control layer 11, and when the mobile unit receives the vehicle status information, If the vehicle status information is found to be updated, it must be displayed to the user through one of the display of the user interface.

The information of the vehicle status is encapsulated in a load header of one of the main flag loads, as shown in FIG.

The format of the vehicle status is shown in Table 11 below:

The vehicle status is a total of 6 bits, except for the bits 3 to 5 reserved for future use. The meanings of the remaining elements are as follows:

A. Lock bit: '1' indicates that the vehicle is locked, and '0' indicates that the vehicle is not locked.

B. Running bit: '1' indicates that the engine is running, and '0' indicates that the engine is not started.

C. Alarm bit: '1' indicates that the alarm horn is beeping, and '0' indicates that the alarm horn is not beeping.

The control unit must permanently remember the state of the Lock bit. It cannot change its state value due to loss of power or reboot. The status values of other vehicle states can be obtained by connecting to the engine management system via CAN Bus or UART link.

When the control unit detects that any of the following events occur, an alert announcement procedure must be performed to transmit the relevant alert message to the mobile unit for knowledge.

A. Vibration: When the locked state is detected, the position of the vehicle is detected to change.

B. Illegal start: I try to start the engine when it detects that it has not been unlocked.

C. Hacker Intrusion: Received the hacker intrusion message from the media access control layer 11.

When the mobile unit receives the alert announcement, it must be displayed to the user through the display on the mobile unit.

The warning message is transmitted through the main flag frame of the media access control layer 11, and the information packet is encapsulated in the main flag load, as shown in FIG.

The format of the alert message is shown in Table 12 below:

The warning message only exists when the value of the warning code of the flag load header is '1', and the data length is 1 byte, except for the bits 3 to 7 reserved for future use, and the remaining elements are The meaning of the representative is as follows:

A. Vibration bit: When the Vibration bit is set to '1', it indicates that the vehicle is vibrating and there is a possibility that someone is moving the vehicle.

B. Illegal Ignition bit: When the Illegal Ignition bit is set to '1', it indicates that the vehicle is not unlocked, and the engine is attempted to start, and a theft event may occur.

C. Hacker Intrusion bit: When the Hacker Intrusion bit is set to '1', it warns someone to send a command that has not been verified by the security mechanism. There may be a hacker intrusion.

The procedure for the warning announcement process (shown in Figure 11) is as follows:

(1) Let the control unit confirm the entry into the working state 601; when the control unit is still In the standby state, the control unit executes the open service program 602 of the media access control layer 11 once, and enters the working state success 603 to perform step (3);

(2) when the control unit enters the working state failure 603, the process 61 is ended; when the control unit enters the working state successfully 603, then step (3) is performed;

(3) causing the control unit to send a warning message related to the transmission of a main flag broadcast; the warning control code of the flag load header is set to '1', behind the load header A 1-byte alert message 604 is followed.

(4) The control unit continuously sends the main flag with the relevant alert message a predetermined number of times 605 to complete the process 62.

The preset number of times in the above process may be determined by the designer.

In addition, when the user requests to control the vehicle through the remote control button, the mobile unit transmits the item to be controlled to the control unit through the vehicle control request program, and responds to the confirmation when the control unit receives the vehicle control request. Frame and judge whether to accept the request or not. The processed result shall be reflected in the vehicle state and transmitted back to the mobile unit through the vehicle status announcement procedure. A vehicle control request is transmitted through the media access control layer 11 The box is transmitted, and its information packet is in a data load control item (Control Item), as shown in FIG.

The format of the vehicle control request frame is shown in Table 13 below.

(Table 13 Format of Vehicle Control Request Frame)

(1) Let the control unit fill in the "011" in the frame type of the frame control field of the media access control layer header; (2) the control unit, in the frame of the media access control layer header The confirmation request and authentication code of the control field are set to '1', which is a confirmation frame response; (3) the control unit fills the address of the mobile unit in the address column of the media access control layer header; (4) There is a frame counter field and a visa label field, there is no application layer load field; (5) a data type (Data Type) field, the field value is set to "000", indicating the requirement Controlling the vehicle; (6) The control field of a load header is composed of a control unit of four bits and a reserved bit of one bit; wherein the format of the control item is as shown in Table 14 below.

Wherein, b6, b5, b4, and b3 respectively represent the first, second, third, and fourth bits that distinguish the type of the control item, and the bit value of b6b5b4b3 is between 0111 and 1111, and the control item retains the value. For extended definition use:

The meaning of each control item is as follows:

(1) Lock: indicates that the vehicle is locked.

(2) Unlock: indicates that the vehicle is unlocked.

(3) Ignition: indicates remote start.

(4) Key off: indicates that the remote control is turned off.

(5) Alarm: indicates that the alarm horn is activated.

(6) Mute: means to turn off the alarm horn.

The procedure of the vehicle control request process (shown in Figure 12) is as follows: (1) Let the mobile unit confirm the entry into the working state 610, when the mobile unit enters the working state, let the mobile unit perform step (3); (2) The mobile unit is still in the standby state, so that the mobile unit executes the service search flow D program 611 of the media access control layer 11 once, and enters the working state success 612 to perform step (3); when the mobile unit enters the working state fails 612, the mobile The unit ends the program 61 and notifies the user 613; (3) causes the mobile unit to form one of the required vehicle control request data frames 614; (3) causes the mobile unit to perform one of the media access control layers 11 Transmitting the data flow 615; (4) when the transfer succeeds 616, the process 62 is completed; when the transfer fails 616, the mobile unit notifies the user 613, and after the process 61 is finished, the media access control layer 11 is activated. A change channel request command flow; the change channel requires that the load value of the command should be filled in "0010", indicating that a channel has occurred Congestion event 617.

When the mobile unit receives the user's request to lock the vehicle, the program flow (as shown in Figure 13) is performed. The detailed steps are as follows: (1) Let the mobile unit combine a data frame and set the control to 0x01. [620], and execute the vehicle control requesting program 621; (2) transmitting the data frame to a control unit, and when the transmission fails 622, the program 61 is ended; (3) after the transmission is successful, 622 should be preset. Within the waiting time 1, a related vehicle status announcement 623 is received; after receiving the vehicle status announcement 624, the mobile unit displays the success message 64 through the user interface; if the vehicle status announcement 624 is not received, the mobile unit is A failure warning message 63 is displayed.

When the mobile unit receives the user request to unlock the vehicle, the program is executed. The detailed steps are as follows (as shown in Figure 13): (1) Let the mobile unit combine a data frame and set the control to 0x02 [620 And executing the vehicle control requesting program 621; (2) transmitting the data frame to a control unit to which it belongs, and ending the program 61 when the transmission fails 622; (3) after a successful transmission, 622 should be at a preset waiting time In the first, a related vehicle status announcement 623 is received; after receiving the vehicle status announcement 624, the mobile unit displays the success message 64 through the user interface; if the vehicle status announcement 624 is not received, the mobile unit displays the failure. Warning message 63.

When the mobile unit receives a user request to activate an alarm horn, the program is executed. The detailed steps are as follows (as shown in Figure 13): (1) Let the mobile unit combine a data frame and set the control to 0x05. [620], and execute the vehicle control requesting program 621; (2) transmitting the data frame to a control unit, and when the transmission fails 622, the program 61 is ended; (3) after the transmission is successful, 622 should be preset. Within the waiting time 1, a related vehicle status announcement 623 is received; after receiving the vehicle status announcement 624, the mobile unit displays the success message 64 through the user interface; if the vehicle status announcement 624 is not received, the mobile unit is A failure warning message 63 is displayed.

When the mobile unit receives the user request to turn off the alarm horn, the program is executed. The detailed steps are as follows (as shown in Figure 13): (1) Let the mobile unit combine a data frame and set the control to 0x06 [ 620], and execute the vehicle control requesting program 621; (2) transmitting the data frame to a control unit, and when the transmission fails 622, the program is ended 61: (3) after the transmission is successful, 622 should wait at a preset Within time 1, a related vehicle status announcement 623 is received; after receiving the vehicle status announcement 624, the mobile unit displays a success message 64 through the user interface; if the vehicle status announcement 624 is not received, the mobile unit displays Failure warning message 63.

The preset time 1 is that the user initiates a vehicle control request by the mobile unit, and the vehicle control request is transmitted to the communication time required to obtain the response and belongs to the control unit, and the preset time 1 can be designed. The user presets according to their needs.

When the mobile unit receives the user request to start an engine, the program is executed. The detailed steps are as follows (as shown in Figure 13): (1) Let the mobile unit combine a data frame and set the control to 0x03. [620], and execute the vehicle control requesting program 621; (2) transmitting the data frame to a control unit, and when the transmission fails 622, the program 61 is ended; (3) after the transmission is successful, 622 should be preset. Within the waiting time 2, a related vehicle status announcement 623 is received; after receiving the vehicle status announcement 624, the mobile unit displays the success message 64 through the user interface; if the vehicle status announcement 624 is not received, the mobile unit is notified A failure warning message 63 is displayed.

The control unit must be automatically unlocked if it is locked when it receives the engine start engine request, and must not issue an illegal start warning message.

When the mobile unit receives the user requesting that the engine is turned off, the program is executed. The detailed steps are as follows (as shown in Figure 13): (1) Let the mobile unit combine a data frame and set the control to 0x04[620] And executing the vehicle control requesting program 621; (2) transmitting the data frame to the associated control unit, and ending the program 61 when the transmission fails 622; (3) after the successful transmission 622, should be at a preset waiting time 2 Receiving a related vehicle status announcement 623; after receiving the vehicle status announcement 624, causing the mobile unit to display a success message 64 through the user interface; if the vehicle status announcement 624 is not received, the mobile unit displays a failure warning Message 63.

The preset time 2 is a time for the user to initiate a vehicle control request by the mobile unit, the vehicle control request is transmitted to the control unit and the communication time required for obtaining the response, wherein the vehicle processes the request It takes time, and the preset time 2 can be preset by the designer according to requirements.

Accordingly, the present invention strives to simplify on the basis of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The architecture of the communication protocol is redesigned and the media access control layer is redesigned while retaining the scalability of the communication protocol and increasing the fault tolerance of the system. In the vehicle theft prevention system of the embodiment, the present invention can ensure the mobile unit and the associated The control unit performs wireless communication and effectively overcomes the problem of excessive unlicensed channel noise and interference, thereby increasing the performance and stability of the overall operation of the system.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application.

Figure 1 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a flow chart showing a data request frame for the sub-communication unit of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a flow chart of the main communication unit of the present invention accepting a data request frame.

4 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the media control layer of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the state of the application layer of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a flow chart showing the start of the service procedure of the control unit of the present invention.

7 is a flow chart of a synchronization mode-program of the mobile unit of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a flow chart showing the synchronization mode of the mobile unit of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a flow chart of a synchronous mode three program of the mobile unit of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a flow chart showing the four-sequence of the synchronization mode of the mobile unit of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a flow chart of the warning announcement procedure of the present invention.

Figure 12: Flow chart of receiving the vehicle control request procedure by the control unit of the present invention Figure.

Figure 13 is a flow chart showing a procedure for proposing a vehicle control request for the mobile unit of the present invention.

Figure 14: Schematic diagram of a specific channel.

Figure 15 is a block diagram showing the format of a physical layer protocol data unit of the present invention.

Figure 16 is a block diagram showing the format of a media access control layer protocol data unit of the present invention.

Figure 17: Schematic diagram of the implementation of the frame check code.

18 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle flag state information packet of a main flag load of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a warning message packet of a main flag load of the present invention.

Figure 20 is a schematic diagram showing the types and control items of the main packet load-data packet of the present invention.

Claims (123)

A wireless communication method for a low-speed wireless personal network, comprising: managing a service entity by using a physical layer of a physical layer to operate a wireless transmission receiver; and the wireless transmission receiver performs a state of a specific channel by using a monitoring mechanism Monitoring, and selecting a segment in the specific channel; using one of the physical layer attribute layer to access the attribute of the physical layer; using a wireless transmission receiver to receive an external data frame, the data frame Transmitting to the physical layer via the physical layer management service entity; using one of the physical layer entity layer frame processing mechanisms to disassemble the data frame to obtain a media access control layer protocol data unit; Receiving a service access point, transmitting the media access control layer protocol data unit to a media access control layer; the media access control layer processing the media access control layer protocol data by using a media layer frame processing mechanism The unit obtains an upper frame; and the upper frame manages an entity service access point via a media layer sublayer of the media access control layer, A top delivery. A wireless communication method for a low-speed wireless personal network, comprising: an upper layer, transmitting an upper layer frame to a media access control layer via a media access control layer common partial layer access point; the media access control Layer, using a media layer frame processing mechanism, the upper layer frame is combined into a media access control layer protocol data unit; the media access control layer is associated with a physical layer data delivery service access point The media access control layer protocol data unit is transmitted to the physical layer via the physical layer data delivery service access point, and the physical layer uses a physical layer frame processing mechanism to combine a physical layer protocol data unit; The service access point is received through the physical layer data, and the physical layer protocol data unit is transmitted to the outside world by operating a wireless transmission receiver through the physical layer. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 1, wherein the specific channel is 868-868.6 MHz, 902-928 MHz or 2400-2483.5 MHz. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 1, wherein the specific channel is an unlicensed channel. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 1, wherein the monitoring mechanism refers to a channel idle evaluation, which is used to monitor the currently used channel status, and performs channel determination according to the following three modes: mode 1 : Energy exceeds threshold value; Mode 2: Signals using the same modulation and spread spectrum characteristics are detected; Mode 3: Signals using the same modulation and spread spectrum characteristics are detected, and their energy exceeds the threshold value. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 1, wherein the media layer sub-layer management entity service access point is connected to the media access control layer and the upper layer, and the upper layer can be used by the media The layer sublayer manages the entity service access point and accesses the management service of the media access control layer. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the physical layer data delivery service access point includes For a sub-layer entity of the second peer media access control layer, and a media access control layer protocol data unit, data transmission is performed between the sub-layer entities of the second peer media access control layer. The method for wireless communication of a low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 2, wherein the physical layer protocol data unit format is composed of a synchronization header, a physical layer header, and a physical layer data unit. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 8 wherein the synchronization header further comprises: a leading character, the data length is 4 bytes, and is filled in by the binary value, The input value is all 0; and the starting point of the frame is defined by a specific character 10100111, representing the starting point of the frame. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 8, wherein the data length of the physical layer header is 8 bits, and the 8-bit is divided into a 7-bit frame length and 1 One of the bits retains the bit, and the frame length represents the data length of the subsequent physical layer data unit. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 8, wherein the physical layer data unit has a data length ranging from 0 to 127 byte units, and includes a media access control layer protocol data unit. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 1, wherein the attribute of the physical layer attribute database includes a channel number currently used by the device, a status of the specific channel being used, and a wireless transceiver. Use power status and channel idle evaluation mode status. The wireless communication method for a low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 7, wherein the medium access control layer protocol data unit is in a format of a media access control layer header and a media access control layer service data. The unit and a media access control layer are composed of tails. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 13 , wherein the media access control layer header further comprises a frame control field, a serial number field, an address field, and a Frame counter field. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 14, wherein the serial number field is used to identify the sequence of the frames. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 14, wherein the address field is a selective field for a communication unit to identify the destination or source of the frame. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 14 of the patent scope, wherein the frame counter field is used for the calculation of the security verification mechanism. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 14, wherein the frame control field format further comprises a frame type bit, a confirmation request control bit, a continuous data control bit, A security mechanism controls the bit, a to-be-transmitted data control bit, and a reserved bit. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 18, wherein the frame type bit is a frame type defining a communication protocol. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 18, wherein the confirmation requires a control bit, when the bit value is set to ‘1’ indicates that the frame requires the recipient to respond with a confirmation frame. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 18, wherein the continuous data control bit, when the bit value is set to '1', indicates that the sender still has subsequent data to be sent, the receiver After the end of the frame, you should continue listening for a preset time. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 18, wherein the security mechanism controls the bit, and when the bit value is set to '1', it indicates that the verification security mechanism is started. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 18, wherein the data control bit to be transmitted, when the bit value is set to '1', indicates that a primary communication unit has a data to be transmitted. A communication unit. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 18, wherein the continuous data control bit, when receiving a frame and requesting the receiver to respond with a confirmation frame, the continuation time is confirmed from the response. Start after the frame. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 21, wherein the preset time calculation method is as follows: [one frame interval time] + [one continuous frame waiting time] (in the formula: Frame interval: It means that there must be at least a period of time between the two frames sent to the same communication unit in the transmission frame; continuous frame waiting time: indicating that the sender still has time for subsequent data to be sent, receiving The user should continue the listening time after receiving the message. As in the low-speed wireless personal network described in item 18 of the patent application scope a line communication method, wherein the security mechanism controls a bit. When a bit value exists and a verification security mechanism is activated, the media access control layer header must have the frame counter field, and the media access control layer service data unit has A visa label, the length of the visa label is octet for verification security mechanism calculation, to confirm the identity of the source device of the transmission frame and the correctness of the text. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 18, wherein the data control bit to be transmitted is only applicable to the primary communication unit transmitting a flag frame, and the frame has a to-be-transmitted message. Bulletin field. A wireless communication method for a low-speed wireless personal network as described in claim 18, wherein the reserved bit is used for an extension definition. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 17 of the patent scope, wherein the calculation method of the verification security mechanism adopts the AES-CCM ^* conversion program. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 17, wherein the media access control layer tailing content is a frame check code for verifying the correctness of the received frame, the message The frame check code constitutes the content of IEEE 802.15.4-2006, 7.2.1.9. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 23, wherein the frame type includes a flag frame, a command frame, a confirmation frame, a data frame or at least one reservation message. frame. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 31, wherein the reserved frame is used for the expansion definition. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 31, wherein the flag frame format comprises: The media access control layer header includes a frame control bar, a flag number column, a address bar and a frame counter column; the media access control layer service data unit includes a bulletin board to be transmitted, A flag load and a visa tag column; and the media access control layer header, including a frame check code. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 33, wherein the confirmation request field value of the frame control column is set to '0', and at least 5 main flag frames are transmitted, at least One must use the security verification protection, use the security verification frame, and the security control bit of the frame control bar is set to '1'. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 33, wherein the frame control bar has a data to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit in the main communication unit, and the flag frame message The data control bit to be transmitted in the box control bar, the field value is set to '1'. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 33, wherein the serial number in the flag number column is incremented by one according to the time slot of the time plan. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 33, wherein the serial number in the flag serial number column is sent as a main flag, the flag number of the main flag is the time slot serial number. Multiples. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 33, wherein the address field is filled in the address of the main communication unit, and represents a device that sends the flag. As in the low-speed wireless personal network described in Article 33 of the patent application scope The line communication method, wherein the frame counter field, when the security mechanism control bit value of the frame control column of the flag frame is '1', the frame counter exists and counts. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 33, wherein the bulletin board to be transmitted has a data length of 1 byte, including 0th to 7th bits, and each bit represents one Corresponding sub-communication unit; exists when the data control bit value of the to-be-transmitted data in the frame control column of the flag frame is 1. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 33, wherein the flag load is transmitted according to an upper layer requirement. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 33, wherein the visa label column is when the value of the security mechanism control bit of the frame control column of the flag frame is '1', Fill in the visa label. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 33, wherein the to-be-transmitted bulletin board is configured to store the command frame before the main communication unit transmits a command frame to the sub-communication unit. In the bulletin board to be transmitted, it becomes a data to be transmitted. The method for wireless communication of a low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 43, wherein the command frame sends a flag frame through the main communication unit, and sets a frame control column of the flag frame. The data control bit to be transmitted, the bit value is set to '1', indicating that the main communication unit has a to-be-transmitted data to be sent to the sub-communication unit, and the flag signal announcement is not sent, and the command frame cannot be directly transmitted. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 33, wherein the bulletin board to be transmitted is transmitted by the main communication unit. Before the data frame is sent to the sub-communication unit, the data frame is stored in the bulletin board to be transmitted, and becomes a data to be transmitted. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 45, wherein the data frame transmits a flag frame through the main communication unit, and sets a frame control column of the flag frame. The data control bit to be transmitted, the bit value is set to '1', indicating that a main communication unit has a data to be transmitted to a communication unit, and the flag signal announcement is not sent, and the data frame cannot be directly transmitted. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 31, wherein the command frame format comprises: the media access control layer header, including a frame control bar, a data serial number column, and a bit The address bar and the frame counter column; the media access control layer service data unit includes a command bar, a command load field and a visa tag column; and the media access control layer tail, including a frame check code. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 47, the frame control field has a set value according to the type of the command frame. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 47, wherein the serial number in the data serial number column is incremented by one according to the number of the command frame or the data frame. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 48, wherein the address field has a setting value according to the type of the command frame. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 47, in the frame counter field, when the security control bit value of the frame control bar is '1', the counting of the frame is performed. . For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 47, wherein the frame counter field does not execute the frame when the security control bit value of the frame control bar is '0'. count. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 47, wherein the command bar has a command identification field, which represents the type of the command frame included in the frame. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 48, wherein the command load field has the set value according to the type of the command frame. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 47, wherein the visa label column has a value of '1' in the security mechanism control bit of the frame control column of the command frame, Fill in the visa label. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 47, wherein the visa label column is when the value of the security mechanism control bit of the frame control column of the command frame is '0', then no data. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 47, wherein the visa label has a data length of 8 bytes for verification security mechanism calculation to confirm the identity of the source device and the text of the transmission frame. Correctness. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 47, wherein the type of the command frame further includes a flag requirement The command frame, a data request frame, a change channel request command frame, a stop change channel command frame, a change channel announcement command frame, or at least one reserved frame. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the reserved frame is used for expansion definition. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58, wherein the flag requires a command frame, and the main communication unit is required to transmit a flag frame. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58, wherein the flag request command frame is sent by the main communication unit or the sub-communication unit, and is directly transmitted during the communication system time. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58, wherein the flag requires a command frame, and only the primary communication unit has the capability of receiving and processing the flag request frame. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the flag requires a command frame, which is a general-purpose flag request command frame. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the flag requires a command frame, which is a restricted flag request command frame. A wireless communication method for a low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 63, wherein the load value of the frame is set to '0'. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 64, wherein the load value of the frame is set to '0'. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 63, wherein the address flag of the general-purpose flag request command frame is set to 0xFFFFFFFF, and the confirmation request field value of the frame control column is set to 0, the verification field value is set to 0. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 63, wherein the universal flag requires the command frame to represent the broadcast, and all the main communication units that receive the general-purpose flag request command frame are A flag frame that does not use a secure authentication mechanism must be sent at the beginning of the next two time slot boundaries. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 64, wherein the restricted flag requires the address field of the command frame to be set to the address of the specific primary communication unit, and the frame control bar is Confirm that the required field value is set to '1' and the verification field value is set to '0'. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 69, wherein the main communication unit receives the restriction type flag request command frame, responds to a confirmation frame, and is in the next two time slot boundaries. The starting point is sent using the flag frame of the secure authentication mechanism. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58, wherein the data request frame address field is filled in the address of the sub-communication unit, representing the source address. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the data request frame is received when the confirmation request field value of the frame control column of the data request frame is set to '1'. The end responds with a confirmation frame. As in the low-speed wireless personal network described in item 58 of the patent application scope The line communication method, wherein the data request frame, when the verification field value of the data request frame is set to '1', a security verification mechanism is activated to ensure that the sender identity is true. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the load value of the data request frame is set to '0'. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the data request frame is that the sub-communication unit requests the main communication unit to transmit data to the sub-communication unit via a flag The data control bit of the frame is to be transmitted, and it is learned that the main communication unit has a frame to be transmitted, and is to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit for triggering. The method for wireless communication of a low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the data request frame is a sub-communication unit that requests transmission of data to the main communication unit, and is triggered by the following event: The sub-communication unit actively requests that the sub-communication unit belongs to the main communication unit to transmit data to the sub-communication unit. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58, wherein the change channel requires the address field of the command frame to fill in the address of the sub-communication unit, representing the source address. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the change channel requires a command frame, and the confirmation request field value of the frame control column of the change channel request command frame is set to ' 1', the receiving end responds with a confirmation frame. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the changing channel requires a command frame, and the channel is changed. If the verification field value of the command frame is set to '1', the security verification mechanism is activated to ensure that the sender identity is true. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the changing channel requires the load value of the command frame according to a preset event. The method for wireless communication of a low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the changing channel requires a command frame, wherein the sub-communication unit requests the main communication unit to change the channel, and the sub-communication unit continuously Triggered when a major flag frame misses a preset number of times. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 81, wherein the preset number of times is set by the designer. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the changing channel requires a command frame, which is triggered when the upper layer requests. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 80, wherein the preset event comprises a flag loss event, a channel congestion event or at least one reservation event. A wireless communication method for a low-speed wireless personal network as described in claim 84, wherein the reserved event is used for an extension definition. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the address field of the stop change channel request frame is filled in the address of the sub-communication unit, representing the source address. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the stop changing the channel command frame, the stop change When the confirmation request field value of the frame control bar of the channel command frame is set to '1', the receiving end must respond with a confirmation frame. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58, wherein the stop changing the channel command frame starts the security when the verification field value of the stop changing channel command frame is set to '1' Verify the mechanism to ensure that the sender's identity is true. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the stop changing the load value of the channel command frame is set to '0'. The method for wireless communication of a low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the stopping the change of the channel command frame, the sub-communication unit requesting the main communication unit to suspend the change of the channel, in the sub-communication unit, Triggered when the reason for changing the channel request command has been detected. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the stop changing the channel command frame is required by the upper layer. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the change channel announcement command frame is the main communication unit, and the change of the channel announcement notifies the sub-communication unit to change the transmission one. The channel or time of the main flag. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the changing channel announce command frame, in the main communication unit, detecting a channel conflict event by itself, thereby performing a channel change process, and Triggered when the process succeeds. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 58 of the patent application, wherein the changing channel announcement command frame is sent by the primary communication unit to the secondary communication unit for detecting a channel conflict event; The change channel requires a command, so it is triggered when the channel change program is successful. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 31, wherein the confirmation frame format comprises: the media access control layer header, including a frame control bar and a serial number column; and the media The access control layer header contains a frame check code. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 95, the serial number in the serial number column must be the same as the serial number in the data serial number column of the acknowledged receiving frame. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 31, wherein the confirmation frame is configured to respond to a transmitting end, and confirm that a specific frame transmitted by the transmitting end is received, and the The frame content is correct. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 31, wherein the confirmation request field value of the frame control column of the confirmation frame is set to '0'. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 31, wherein the field value of the security mechanism control bit of the confirmation frame is set to '0'. A wireless communication method for a low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 31, wherein one of the receiving frames of the confirmation frame must receive the wireless communication method The confirmation frame is transmitted within a preset time. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 100, wherein the preset time is defined as: [one conversion time] ≦ [preset time] ≦ [one conversion time] + [UBF] Medium: The conversion time is: the parameter of the physical layer, which represents the maximum switching processing time allowed during TX/RX conversion; UBF is the basic unit of Backoff in one of the CSMA-CA mechanisms). The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 31, wherein the data frame format comprises: the media access control layer header, including a frame control bar, a data serial number column, and a bit The address bar and the frame counter column; the media access control layer service data unit includes a data load field and a visa tag column; and the media access control layer header includes a frame check code. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 102, the data frame is responded by a confirmation frame, and the confirmation request field value of the frame control column is set to '1'. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 102, wherein the data frame is to be securely verified and protected, and the security control bit of the frame control column of the data frame is set to '1'. . For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 102, the serial number in the data serial number column is incremented by one according to the number of command frames. As described in the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 102 The wireless communication method, wherein the serial number in the serial number column of the data is incremented by one according to the number of data frames. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 102, the address field receives a frame in the main communication unit, and the address bar is the address of the frame source, and the transmission is representative. The sub-communication unit address of the frame. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 102, wherein the address field transmits a frame in the main communication unit, and the address field is filled in the address of the frame transmission destination. , the representative should receive the address of the sub-communication unit of the data frame. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 102, the address field receives a frame in the sub-communication unit, and the address bar is the address of the frame transmission destination, and represents The sub-communication unit address of the frame should be received. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 102, the address field transmits a frame in the sub-communication unit, and the address field is filled in the address of the frame source, and represents Transmit the sub-communication unit address of the frame. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 102, wherein the frame counter field is to be securely verified and protected in the data frame, the frame counter column of the data frame exists Used for security verification operations. For example, the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 102, wherein the data load field is transmitted according to the requirements of the upper layer. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 102, wherein the visa label column is to be securely verified and protected in the data frame, the visa label column of the data frame exists for security. Used when validating the operation. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 47, wherein the command frame is directly transmitted to the main communication unit via the sub-communication unit in a specific time zone. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 102, wherein the data frame is directly transmitted to the main communication unit via the sub-communication unit in a specific time zone. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 114, wherein the specific time zone is one of execution periods defined by a time plan. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 115, wherein the specific time zone is one of execution periods defined by a time plan. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 31, wherein when the command frame is sent by the main communication unit, the following steps are followed: the main communication unit sends a flag signal to the outside, Including the announcement to be transmitted; the sub-communication unit receives the flag and disassembles the frame, confirms that the main communication unit is marked in the to-be-transmitted announcement, and has a command frame to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit; The sub-communication unit waits for an execution period, issues a data request command frame, and requests the main communication unit to transmit the command frame to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit; the main communication unit sends a confirmation message Boxing to the sub-communication unit, confirming receipt of the data request command frame; the main communication unit transmitting the command frame to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit; and the sub-communication unit to send a confirmation frame to the The main communication unit confirms receipt of the command frame to be transmitted. For example, in the wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network described in claim 31, when the data frame is sent by the main communication unit, the following steps are required: the main communication unit sends a flag signal to the outside, Including the announcement to be transmitted; the sub-communication unit receives the flag and disassembles the frame, confirms that the main communication unit is marked in the announcement to be transmitted, and has a data frame to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit; the sub-communication unit waits until one After the execution period, a data request command frame is sent to request the main communication unit to transmit the data frame to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit; the main communication unit sends a confirmation frame to the sub-communication unit to confirm Receiving the data request command frame; the main communication unit transmitting the data frame to be transmitted to the sub-communication unit; and The sub-communication unit belongs to send a confirmation frame to the main communication unit, and confirms that the data frame to be transmitted is received. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 31, wherein the main communication unit sends the flag signal to the outside for synchronization of the sub-communication unit, and listens to the request command of the sub-communication unit. To provide appropriate services, and one main communication unit can serve up to 8 sub-communication units. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 31, wherein the sub-communication unit synchronizes with the main communication unit by using the flag signal, and can request a command request from the main communication unit. Service, and the sub-communication unit must be numbered. The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the media access control layer service data unit is configured to have a relative frame load according to the frame type for placing the upper layer data. . The wireless communication method of the low-speed wireless personal network according to claim 31, wherein the media access control layer service data unit is configured to have a relative frame load according to the frame type for placing the upper layer data. .