1374289 九、發明說明： . 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是·-種棒狀祕及其校正假體結構，棒狀射源配 合不同片狀材料於-圓筒容器中所形成之校正假體，藉以取得密度與計測 效率之校正曲線，並可進-步量測不_廢棄物樣品之加馬幅射活度。 【先前技術】 至目刖為止，對極低活度體積核廢棄物之總加馬輻射活度量測之儀器為大 •面積歸’體偵檢器組合之廢棄物活度監測器（Waste Curie MGnitor)， -其優點為輕射靈敏度高、計測效率高、樣品計測時間短、廢棄物容積不限 制及可顯示量測廢棄物樣品之重量等。 不過S用之廢棄物活度監測器之其校正方法卻具有下列缺點： 1.活度量測低估或高估，通常僅考慮重4聽略不同廢棄物樣品材料的密 度’所造成輻射自吸收效應。 _ 2.計測效率校正不適用，—般使用單―物質在監測器的屏蔽體中建立密度 效率，忽略樣品非單一物質組成。 3. 樣品量測位置不符合’―般在量測樣品時―律將樣品放置在屏蔽體内下 方位置，與效率校正時之幾何中心位置有誤。 4. 樣品體積不符合’—般稀制樣品之體積大小，與效率校正時距各個閃 爍備測H輯;f；-致，造麟度分析誤差；因聽法滿綠射防護安全管 理者對廢棄物活度分析的精確性要求。 5_沒有修正廢棄物樣品中各種核種之輻射能量及多核種時加馬活度計算， 5 1374289 . 造成的總活度量測誤差。 • 近年來研究人員更進—步發展可取代材在活度監測㈣幾何中心空 門’』H效帛之校正；^，執彳械廢棄物加^^纟度之量測，作為判斷核 廢棄物與—般無輻射廢棄物的分類作業，目前瓣聯彳貞檢器的效率校正 方法是： 1.美國Themo-Eberline公司使用穿透因子（tra湖issi〇n fact〇r)來修 —正不同標準質量自吸收效應，公式為TF =屏蔽射源之淨計數/無屏蔽射 ，♦源之淨計數’其-般的聰.〇，當作補償空氣中無屏蔽射源在幾何令心的 校正效率，在效報正檔將建立完成的水健校正效軸的穿透因子參數 .設定為i，並在質量參數（每1〇kg為一單位）輸入重量；則待測之不同材 料的樣品«會補已設定穿透肝為i的重量，得職正後的樣品加馬 總活度； 2德國RADGS公司之制單-物賊板組成的多密度校正效率； 3. 日本(japan Nuclear Energy Safety 〇rganizati〇n)之金屬管及金屬板 組成的多核種校正效率； 4. 美謂Techn〇logy公司使用多核種點射源及單一物質巴西原木(密度為 D組成的多重量（0〜60Kg)的校正效率。 但是目前廣泛使用的這些修正方法仍然僅考慮大約的重量及幾何形 狀，但是沒有充分修正樣品之物質質量自吸收效應及各種物質與能量反應 的因素’無法得到樣品正確的加馬總活度。 有鑑於習見之射源效率校正方法有上述之缺點，發明人乃針對該些缺 6 點研究改進之道， 終於有本發明產生。 【發明内容】 θ 發Θ之主要目的在於提供—種棒狀射源結構，其似具撓性之片 狀射原捲成m轉狀，使之軸與傳統片狀射源體具有關應用形態之棒 狀射源體結構。本發明之另一目的在於提供一種棒狀射源之校正假體結 ”係彻不隨目之雜射賴沿轴心方向設置於—關容器中之不 同位置’且穿設贿μ容n崎容置之不則狀概，使其可形成具不 同密度之校正假體，藉以達到組裝簡易、變換便利之功效。 為達成上述目的及功效，本發明所採行的技術手段包括：―種棒狀射 原，。構其至少包括：一下護貝層；一防漏滤紙層，設於該下護貝層上； _射源，係㈣___上，且使每—但不曰重疊； 一上護貝層’設於該關舰層上’以保護各射源，且可將上敝成結構 捲成一棒狀體。 職财、之杈正假體結構，至少包括：—圓桶型容器；複數板體， 其係堆疊於該圓桶型容器内；以及至少—棒狀射源體，呈—長條狀，直内 具有均勻分佈之7射源，可沿軸心方向容置於該圓桶型容器内並貫穿各 板體。1374289 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field of the invention] The present invention is a rod-shaped secret and a corrected prosthesis structure, and a rod-shaped source is combined with different sheet-like materials to be corrected in a - cylindrical container. Body, in order to obtain a calibration curve of density and measurement efficiency, and can further measure the gamma radiation activity of the waste sample. [Prior Art] Until the end of the project, the total calorie activity measurement instrument for extremely low activity volume nuclear waste is a waste activity monitor with large area and body detector combination (Waste Curie) MGnitor), -The advantages are high sensitivity, high measurement efficiency, short sample measurement time, unlimited volume of waste, and display of the weight of waste samples. However, the calibration method of the waste activity monitor for S has the following disadvantages: 1. The live measurement is underestimated or overestimated, usually only considering the density of the material of the slightly different waste sample material. effect. _ 2. The measurement efficiency correction is not applicable. Generally, the single substance is used to establish the density efficiency in the shield of the monitor, ignoring the non-single substance composition of the sample. 3. The sample measurement position does not match. ―In the case of measuring the sample, the sample is placed in the lower position of the shield body, and the geometric center position during the efficiency correction is incorrect. 4. The sample volume does not meet the volume of the 'normally sampled sample, and the efficiency is corrected for each time the flicker is prepared for the H series; f;- the resulting analysis error of the merging degree; Accuracy requirements for waste activity analysis. 5_The radiant energy of various nuclear species in the waste sample and the calculation of the activity of the multi-nuclear nucleus are not corrected, 5 1374289 . • In recent years, researchers have been more advanced in the development of alternative materials in activity monitoring (4) geometric center empty door '』H effect correction; ^, the measurement of mechanical waste plus ^ ^ 纟 degree, as a judgment of nuclear waste With the classification of general radiation-free waste, the current efficiency correction method for the sputum detector is: 1. Themo-Eberline Company of the United States uses the penetration factor (tra lakeissi〇n fact〇r) to repair - different Standard mass self-absorption effect, the formula is TF = net count of shielded source / no shield shot, ♦ net count of source 'its-like Cong. 〇, as compensation for uncorrected source in the air in the correction of geometric centering Efficiency, the penetration factor parameter of the water-correction effect axis that will be established in the effective profile is set to i, and the weight is input in the quality parameter (one unit per 1〇kg); the sample of different materials to be tested «It will set the weight of the penetrating liver to i, the total activity of the sample after the job is positive; 2 The multi-density correction efficiency of the German RADGS company's single-material thief board; 3. Japan (japan Nuclear Energy Safety 〇rganizati〇n) is composed of metal pipes and metal plates Correction efficiency; 4. It is said that Techn〇logy uses a multi-nuclear point source and a single substance Brazilian log (the density of D is composed of multi-weight (0~60Kg) correction efficiency. However, these correction methods widely used at present are still only considered. Approximate weight and geometry, but does not fully correct the material mass self-absorption effect of the sample and the reaction of various substances with energy 'can not get the correct total activity of the sample. In view of the above, the source efficiency correction method has the above Disadvantages, the inventors have made the present invention in view of the improvement of the six-point research. [Explanation] The main purpose of θ hairpin is to provide a rod-like source structure, which is like a flexible sheet. The original is rolled into an m-turn, so that the shaft and the conventional sheet-like source have a rod-like structure of the application form. Another object of the present invention is to provide a rod-like source for correcting the prosthetic knot. It is not in the direction of the axis, it is placed in the different positions in the container, and the bribes are placed in a different position, so that they can be formed into different densities. The prosthesis is used to achieve the advantages of simple assembly and convenient transformation. In order to achieve the above objects and effects, the technical means adopted by the present invention include: a kind of rod-shaped primogen, which comprises at least: a shell layer; a leak-proof filter paper layer disposed on the lower shell layer; _ source, on (4) ___, and each of them - but not overlapping; an upper shell layer 'located on the gate layer' to protect each shot a source, and the upper crucible structure can be rolled into a rod-shaped body. The pros and cons of the prosthesis structure include at least: a drum type container; a plurality of plate bodies stacked in the drum type container; At least the rod-shaped source body is in the form of a strip, and has a uniformly distributed 7-ray source, which can be accommodated in the drum-shaped container in the axial direction and penetrates the respective plates.
為使本發明的上述目的、功效及特徵可獲致更具體的瞭解 附圖說明如下。 r J 【實施方式】 本發明之棒狀射源1展開時主要包括： 請參第1、2圖所示，明顯可看出 1374289 上層護貝11、射源12、防漏濾紙13及下層護貝14等部份，其中該 射源1 2係以液體狀每0_lcc均勻滴於防漏濾紙1 3上，使每一滴射源約 擴散成小於直徑5cm之圓圈，每個圓圈相鄰但不重疊，並以該上、下層護 貝1 1、14設置於防漏濾紙13之上、下二側；將上述棒狀射源1捲入 長度66cm、外徑2cm及内徑1. 5 cm的圓管2内，即可成為所需之棒狀射源 本發明上述結構中，該射源1 2係為一 r射源（可為57鈷、137鉋、54 • '猛、6°姑），且其總活度可分別為43kBq、31kBq、32kBq ' 23kBq。 請參第3圖，可知利用本發明上述棒狀射源體組成之圓桶型校正假 體’主要包括：圓桶型容器4、板體組3 0及棒狀射源體（即容置棒狀射 源1之圓管2)等部份，其申該板體組3 〇係由複數直徑40〇η圓形及厚度 lcm的均勻板體3相疊合而成，各板體3於中心（轴心）設有一中央孔3 1， 於該中央孔3 1周緣距離i9cm處設有8個相互等間距之側孔3 2，使該板 _ 體組3 0置於—尺寸直徑57cm、高度86cm的55加侖圓桶型容器4中，上 述板體3可由五種不同材料切割成片狀，其材料之重量範圍在30kg〜490kg 之間’計算材料重量相對於圓桶容積（200,〇〇〇cm1)可得到各材料之物質平 均岔度（如表一所示）為：紙板（密度〇. 15g/〇n3)、木板（密度0. 55 g/cm3)、 塑膠（密度h 13 g/cm3)、水泥（密度1. 80g/cm3)及玻璃（密度2. 5g/cm3); 將核種為#、m錄、54猛、6°銘的棒狀射源體各9隻，分別設置於板體 、’且3 0之中央孔3 1及各側孔3 2内，且使各棒狀射源體距離圓桶型容器 8 1 上、下側皆為9. 5cm ’而9隻棒狀射源體的圍繞面積皆各為238.4cm2。 1374289 材料 體積(cm3) 重量(Kg) 密度(g/cm3) 紙板 200,000 30 0.15 木板 200,000 101 0.49 塑膠(PVC) 200,000 233 1.13 水泥 200,000 Γ 422 1.97 玻璃 200,000 491 2.37 請參第4圖，可知本發明上述之校正假體於檢測各種數量棒狀射源體 的計測效率時，可將上述圓桶型容器4置於一由對稱式大面積塑膠閃爍體 '偵檢器組合之六面體廢棄物活度監測器（Waste Curie M〇nit〇r)中使圓 桶型容器4表面距離上（1部）、下（1部）、左（2部）、右（2部）、前 (2部）、後（2部）共十部塑膠閃爍體偵檢器皆為等距離；再將製作完成 的9隻棒狀射源體，依序先放置於圓桶型容器4中央（軸心）i隻再分 別放置其周緣的等距2隻至9隻止 ;以6°鈷為例’在密度1_ lg/cm3及 2. Og/W的校正假财’可得到不同隻數棒狀射源體之計測效率（如第销 所示），其計測效率細分職13. 9 %〜19. 9. 3%〜u· 8%，平均效率 分別為19. 0%及u. 8%，而在密度h _3及2. _3的校正假體中在 3隻至9隻的棒狀射源計職率的擬合轉中，效率並無有隨隻數遞 a而相對增加的趨勢，當提高棒狀射源為9隻時，其計測效率僅相對平均 j率曰加、力7. 9及ίο. 1%’因此在校正假體中使用9隻棒狀射源應屬合理數 量。 9 1374289 57鈷、137铯、54錳及6β鈷的點射源各5個，其計測活度的定量誤差約5% ; 而追湳國家游離輻射標準實驗室之原級標準，並依據重量法製作的每個液 體點射源之活度分別為ll〇7Bq、803Bq、657Bq及657Bq，而純鍺偵檢器的 4個核種的點射源計測結果’與製作點射源的活度比較的最大差異皆低於 10%，其校正假體於檢測棒狀射源體内的點射源的活度準確性如第5圖所 示。 請參第6圖，將不同密度的5種校正假體置監測器的屏蔽體内，分別 •Γ、以核種為54猛、M钴及137铯計測其效率，在JL種物f平均密M,15g/cm3 •〜2. 4g/cm3的3個核種計測效率範圍，核種54錳為20. 7%〜2.1%、鈷為 41. 6%〜6· 9%及137铯為14· 2%〜1.1%’其校正假體之密度與核輯測效率乃 如第6圖所示。 請參第7圖所示不同密度時之核種相對137(：3的計測效率，可知54錳 及6°链相對137絶之核種計測效率比值，顯示相對137絶之能量愈高者，其 核種計測效率相對比值亦愈高；而、之能量僅略高於137绝的能量，因此 在不同密度時相對⑺铯之核種計測效率比值，較相似變化皆不大約在2倍 以内；另外個別核種“猛及6。姑相對丨37铯之核種計測效率比值亦隨著密 度愈向’則計測效率比值亦愈高。 练合以上所述，本發明之棒狀射源及其校正假體結構確可達成組裝簡 易、變換便利之功效，實為一具新穎性及進步性之發明差依法提出申請 發明專利；惟上述說明之内容，僅為本發明之較佳實施例說明，舉凡依本 發明之技術手段與射所延伸之變化、_、改變鱗效置換者，亦皆應 落入本發明之專利申請範園内。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係本發明之棒狀射源展開時的剖面構造圖。 弟2圖係本發明之棒狀射源體構造示意圖。 第3圖係利用本發明之棒狀射____奴 第4圖係本發明之校正假趙内各種數量棒狀射_ 忍 的计測效率圖 第5圖係本發明之棒狀射源體_點射源的活度準確性測 第6圖係本發明之校正假體的密度與核種計測鱗關係圖。 第7圖係本發明於不同密度之核種相對137CS計洌 【主要元件符號說明】 效率比值的關係曲線 棒狀射源 11-----L層護貝 12....射源 13—防漏濾紙 14.·..下層護貝 2. 圓管 3. 板體 30.. ..板體組 31.. ..中央孔 32----側孔 4……圓桶型容器A more specific understanding of the above objects, effects and features of the present invention will be obtained. r J [Embodiment] The rod-shaped source 1 of the present invention mainly comprises: As shown in Figures 1 and 2, it can be clearly seen that 1374289 upper layer shell 11, source 12, leakproof filter paper 13 and lower layer protector a portion such as a shell 14, wherein the source 12 is uniformly dropped on the leak-proof filter paper 1 every 0_1cc in a liquid form, so that each drop source is diffused into a circle smaller than 5 cm in diameter, and each circle is adjacent but not overlapping. 5厘米的圈。 The above-mentioned rod-shaped source 1 is wound into a circle having a length of 66 cm, an outer diameter of 2 cm, and an inner diameter of 1.5 cm. The upper and lower layers of the shells 1 1 and 14 are placed on the top and bottom of the leakage filter paper 13; In the tube 2, it can be a desired rod-shaped source. In the above structure of the present invention, the source 12 is a r source (which can be 57 cobalt, 137 planer, 54 • 'strong, 6 ° a). And the total activity can be 43kBq, 31kBq, 32kBq '23kBq, respectively. Referring to FIG. 3, it can be seen that the drum-type correction prosthesis composed of the above-mentioned rod-shaped source body of the present invention mainly includes: a drum type container 4, a plate body group 30, and a rod-shaped source body (ie, a receiving rod) The circular tube 2) of the source 1 and the like, wherein the plate group 3 is formed by laminating a plurality of uniform plates 3 having a diameter of 40 〇 n and a thickness of 1 cm, and each plate 3 is at the center. (Axis) is provided with a central hole 3 1, and 8 laterally spaced side holes 3 2 are provided at a distance of i9 cm from the periphery of the central hole 3 1 so that the plate body 30 is placed at a diameter of 57 cm and a height. In the 86cm 55-gallon drum-type container 4, the above-mentioned plate body 3 can be cut into pieces by five different materials, and the weight of the material ranges from 30kg to 490kg' to calculate the material weight relative to the drum volume (200, 〇〇 〇cm1) The average enthalpy of the material obtained (as shown in Table 1) is: cardboard (density 〇 15g/〇n3), wood board (density 0. 55 g/cm3), plastic (density h 13 g/ Cm3), cement (density 1.80g/cm3) and glass (density 2. 5g/cm3); 9 kinds of rod-shaped source bodies with nuclear species of #, m, 54 and 6°, respectively Plate body 5厘米' and 9 rod-shaped source bodies, respectively, in the center hole 3 1 and each side hole 3 2, and each rod-shaped source body is 9 to 5 cm from the upper and lower sides of the drum-shaped container 8 1 The surrounding area is 238.4cm2 each. 1374289 Material volume (cm3) Weight (Kg) Density (g/cm3) Cardboard 200,000 30 0.15 Wood board 200,000 101 0.49 Plastic (PVC) 200,000 233 1.13 Cement 200,000 Γ 422 1.97 Glass 200,000 491 2.37 Please refer to Figure 4, which shows the above When the calibration prosthesis is used to detect the measurement efficiency of various numbers of rod-shaped source bodies, the above-mentioned drum-shaped container 4 can be placed in a hexahedral waste activity of a symmetric large-area plastic scintillator 'detector combination In the monitor (Waste Curie M〇nit〇r), the surface of the drum-shaped container 4 is made up (1 part), lower part (1 part), left part (2 parts), right part (2 parts), front part (2 parts), After the (two parts), a total of ten plastic scintillator detectors are equidistant; then the nine rod-shaped source bodies that have been produced are placed first in the center of the drum-type container 4 (axis) i only The distance between the two sides of the rod is set to be equal to 2 to 9; for example, 6° cobalt is used to measure the density of 1_ lg/cm3 and 2. Og/W. The efficiency is (as indicated by the pin), and the measurement efficiency is subdivided by 13.9 %~19. 9. 3%~u· 8%, and the average efficiency is 19.0%. And u. 8%, and in the corrected prosthesis of density h _3 and 2. _3 in the fit of 3 to 9 rod-shaped source metering rates, the efficiency does not have to be handed a Relatively increasing trend, when the rod-shaped source is increased by 9 pieces, the measurement efficiency is only increased relative to the average j rate, force 7.9 and ίο. 1%'. Therefore, 9 rod-shaped sources are used in the correction prosthesis. It should be a reasonable amount. 9 1374289 57 cobalt, 137 铯, 54 manganese and 6β cobalt each have 5 spot sources, the quantitative error of the measurement activity is about 5%; and the original standard of the National Free Radiation Standard Laboratory is traced and made according to the gravimetric method. The activity of each liquid spot source is ll〇7Bq, 803Bq, 657Bq and 657Bq, respectively, and the maximum difference between the point source measurement results of the four nuclear species of the pure sputum detector and the activity of the point source is low. At 10%, the activity accuracy of the point source of the calibration prosthesis in detecting the rod-shaped source is as shown in Fig. 5. Please refer to Figure 6, the five kinds of calibration prosthesis of different densities are placed in the shield of the monitor, respectively, and the efficiency of the nuclear species is 54 violent, M cobalt and 137 ,, and the average density in the JL species f 5g/cm3 •~2. 4g/cm3 of three nuclear species measuring efficiency range, nuclear species 54 manganese is 20.7%~2.1%, cobalt is 41.6%~6·9% and 137铯 is 14. 2% ~1.1%' the density and nuclear efficiencies of the corrected prosthesis are shown in Figure 6. Please refer to Figure 7 for the density of nuclear species at different densities relative to 137 (: 3 measurement efficiency, we can see the ratio of 54 manganese and 6 ° chain relative to 137 absolute nuclear measurement efficiency, showing that the higher the energy relative to 137, the nuclear species measurement The higher the relative ratio of efficiency is; the energy is only slightly higher than the energy of 137. Therefore, the ratio of the efficiency of the nuclear species relative to (7) 不同 at different densities is less than about 2 times that of similar nucleus; And 6. The ratio of the nuclear measurement efficiency of the relative 丨37铯 is also higher as the density becomes higher. The ratio of the measured efficiency is also higher. As described above, the rod-shaped source of the present invention and the structure of the corrected prosthesis can be achieved. The invention is simple and easy to change, and it is a novel and progressive invention. The invention is patented according to law; however, the above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the technical means according to the present invention The change of the extension of the shot, the change of the scale effect, and the change of the scale effect should also fall within the patent application scope of the present invention. [Simplified description of the drawing] Fig. 1 is a cross section of the rod-shaped source of the present invention Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rod-shaped source body of the present invention. Figure 3 is a diagram of the rod-shaped shot ____ slave of the present invention. Figure 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the density of the corrected prosthesis of the present invention and the scale of the nuclear species. Fig. 7 is a graph showing the activity accuracy of the rod-shaped source body of the present invention. The invention has different density nuclear species relative to 137CS 洌 [main component symbol description] efficiency ratio relationship curve rod-shaped source 11-----L layer guard shell 12.. source 13 - leakproof filter paper 14. ·.. lower layer shell 2. round tube 3. plate body 30.. .. plate body group 31... central hole 32----side hole 4...drum type container