1354074 九、發明說明 、 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本案爲藉著參考而整個結合於此的2008年2月7日 申請的美國申請案第1 2/027,944號的部份連續案》 本發明相關於液壓盤式制動器，且尤其相關於具有單 向管道裝置（one way plumbing)的液壓盤式制動器卡甜 (caliper) 。 【先前技術】 近年來，一些高性能自行車已包含液壓盤式制動器。 液壓盤式制動器系統典型上包含卡鉗殼體、第一可移動制 動墊、及第二固定或可移動制動墊。可移動制動墊典型上 附著於可回應卡鉗殼體中經由液壓流體導管施加的流體壓 力而移動的活塞。制動墊被定位在轉子的兩側，而轉子附 著於自行車的前或後車輪。在流體壓力施加於一或多個活 φ 塞時，制動墊會與轉子接觸，因而施加摩擦阻力而造成自 行車減速或停止。 用於自行車的液壓盤式制動器系統典型上是由附著於 ' 自行車車把的制動桿件來致動。液壓盤式制動器系統也典 ' 型上包含由制動桿件致動的在主缸中的主活塞。主缸容納 液壓流體且經由流體導管而與盤式制動器卡鉗流體連通。 制動墊典型上以預定間隙與轉子間隔開。當將制動桿件朝 _ 向車把壓擠時，主活塞會移動，因而迫使液體流出主缸而 流入連接於卡鉗殼體的導管內。流體至卡鉗殼體內的移動 -5- 1354074 •造成活塞移動，最終將制動墊帶至與轉子 • 當在一開始充塡液壓盤式制動器系統 鉗）時，系統必須進行泄放（bleed)以將 ，而使制動器的性能最佳化。許多習知技 含分支的液壓流體路徑。換句話說，在流 進入之後，流體分支至兩個分開的導管內 通至一個活塞，而另一個導管通至在另一 φ 另一個通至流體出口的分支）。此可能使 難，因爲氣泡會卡在各種不同的分支內。 泄放的液壓盤式制動器卡鉗有需求。 【發明內容】 根據本發明的第一方面，提供一種液 鉗殻體’其包含第一及第二側部以及第一 第一及第二側部以及第一及第二端部彼此 # 體內界定在流體入口與流體出口之間延伸 體路徑從流體入口延伸，通過第二側部， 通過第一側部，而至流體出口。在較佳實 徑不被分支》第一及第二側部的每一個具 至少一個活塞接收開口。流體可在不被分 體入口流動’通過在第二側部中的活塞接 第一側部中的活塞接收開口，而至流體出 。舉例而言，流體入口可位於第一側部， . 於第二側部。 接觸。 (包含主缸及卡 氣泡從系統移除 術卡鉗在其內包 體經由流體入口 ，其中一個導管 側的活塞（以及 泄放制動器有困 因此，對於易於 壓盤式制動器卡 及第二端部，此 合作而在卡鉗殼 的流體路徑。流 通過第一端部， 施例中，流體路 有界定在其內的 支的路徑中從流 收開口，通過在 口。路徑可反向 而流體出口可位 -6- 1354074 根據本發明的另一方面，提供一種用液壓流體充塡液 壓盤式制動器卡鉗的方法。此方法包含提供包含殼體的液 壓盤式制動器卡鉗，而殼體包含流體入口及流體出口、以 及界定在流體入口與流體出口之間的槪括而言不被分支的 流體路徑。殼體具有界定在其內的第一及第二活塞接收開 口。此方法包含使流體流動通過流體入口，流經且通過第 二活塞接收開口，流經且通過第一活塞接收開口，且流向 流體出口的步驟。在較佳實施例中，此方法包含從流體路 徑中的流體泄放氣體。此步驟期間，氣體的至少一部份從 相鄰於流體出口之處行進，經過第一或第二活塞接收開口 ，經過第二或第一活塞接收開口，且從流體入口排出。 根據本發明的另一方面，提供一種液壓盤式制動器卡 鉗，包含第一及第二殼體半體，其彼此合作而界定在流體 入口與流體出口之間延伸的單向流體路徑；及第一及第二 活塞，其各自被接收在第一及第二殼體半體中的一個內。 第一及第二活塞沿著單向流體路徑互相流動連通。 本發明可應用於所有類型的裝置而不限於自行車。 藉著參考所附圖式可更易於瞭解本發明。相同數字在 圖式的數個視圖中標示相同的部份或零件。 【實施方式】 首先參考圖1至12’以下敘述自行車盤式制動器卡甜 11的較佳實施例。自行車盤式制動器卡鉗11較佳地爲操 作性地連接於液壓制動桿件總成的液壓盤式制動器卡甜。 1354074 應瞭解此處所用的術語諸如「前」、「後」、 」、「底部」、「側邊或側部」、及類似者都只是 於敘述，且所指的是組件在圖中被顯示的定向。應 鉗1 1及此處所述的其組件的任何定向均在本發明 內。 如圖1所示，圖中顯示根據本發明的較佳實施 有前盤式制動器總成12及後盤式制動器總成14的 1〇。除了卡鉗外，前及後盤式制動器總成12及14 傳統的固定地耦接於車架13的流體操作式盤式制 因此，盤式制動器總成1 2及1 4的許多組件在此處 詳細討論或顯示，除了在如以下所討論的藉由本發 佳實施例而被修改時。另外，應瞭解自行車盤式制 鉗1 1可與前盤式制動器總成1 2或後盤式制動器| 一起使用" 明確地說，前盤式制動器總成1 2固定地耦接 13的前叉架15，而後盤式制動器總成14固定地耦 架13的後叉架17。車架13包含安裝於前叉架15 行車10轉向的車把19。自行車10包含可旋轉地耦 行車車架13的一對車輪16。一個車輪16耦接於 15，而一個車輪16耦接於後叉架17。每一個車輪 以傳統方式固定地耦接於車輪的盤式制動器轉子18 自行車10及其各種不同的組件相當傳統。因 行車10及其各種不同的組件不會在此處被詳細討 示，除了在這些組件與根據本發明的較佳實施例的 「頂部 爲了易 瞭解卡 的範圍 例的具 自行車 爲相當 動器。 不會被 明的較 動器卡 I成14 於車架 接於車 以將自 接於自 前叉架 1 6具有 〇 此，自 論或顯 自行車 -8 - 1354074 盤式制動器卡鉗11以及前及後盤式制動器總成12及14 有關時。另外，前及後盤式制動器總成12及14彼此實質 上相同。因此，應瞭解卡鉗11可與前盤式制動器總成12 或後盤式制動器總成14 一起使用。另外，應瞭解前及後 盤式制動器總成12及14可包含具有任何數目的活塞的卡 鉗11。例如，圖2及3所示的卡鉗11爲四活塞型的卡鉗 。但是，圖4至17所示的卡鉗11只包含兩個活塞。因此 ，具有任何數目的活塞的卡鉗均在本發明的範圍內，只要 是卡鉗11如以下所述的包含單向管道裝置。 前盤式制動器卡鉗12基本上包含卡鉗11及制動器操 作機構或桿件總成28a。卡鉗11包含卡鉗殼體20、一對 摩擦構件22、及設置在殼體20中的多個活塞24 (如圖12 所示）。卡鉗殼體20以傳統方式使用螺紋緊固件而固定 地耦接於前叉架15。第一及第二摩擦構件22耦接於卡鉗 殼體20，以在二者之間形成轉子接收槽溝。摩擦構件22 中的至少一個可相對於卡鉗殻體20移動，且較佳地爲兩 個摩擦構件均可相對於卡鉗殼體20移動。至少一個活塞 24可移動地耦接於卡鉗殼體20。較佳地，每一個活塞24 均可移動地耦接於卡鉗殼體20。 參考圖4至13，卡鉗殼體20較佳地由剛性金屬材料 例如鑄鋁形成。卡鉗殼體20是由第一卡鉗殻體半體30a 及第二卡鉗殼體半體3 0b形成。第一及第二卡鉗殼體半體 30a及30b藉著多個螺栓而固定地耦接在一起。第一卡鉗 殼體半體30a包含用來接收流體耦接單元（未顯示）的第 -9- 1354074 —孔或流體入口 32。卡鉗殻體20也包含用來接收泄放閥 35的第二孔或流體出口 34。第一及第二孔32及34可具 有螺紋。 卡鉗殼體20較佳地包含至少兩個通口或活塞接收開 口 36a及3 6b (圖中只顯示兩個）。更明確地說，第一及 第二卡鉗殼體半體30a及30b各自較佳地形成有用來接收 活塞24的活塞接收開口 36a及36b，如圖6及7所示。形 成於卡鉗殼體半體30a及30b中的一個的活塞接收開口 36a或36b被配置成相對於形成於卡鉗殼體半體30a及 30b中的另一個的活塞接收開口 36a或36b。如圖12所示 ，每一個活塞24 (亦即被安裝在卡鉗殼體半體30a及30b 中的一個內）被配置來將摩擦構件22中的一個朝向盤式 制動器轉子18(制動方向）移動。應瞭解在另外的實施例 中，殼體20可形成爲單一單元。 每一個活塞接收開口 36較佳地爲被定尺寸及形成爲 接收活塞24之一的環狀開口。另外，每一個活塞接收開 口 36也較佳地包含圓周凹槽40，此圓周凹槽40係用來密 封構件3 8以防止流體從開口 3 6漏泄。 密封構件爲由彈性材料例如橡膠或撓性塑膠形成的環 狀構件。每一個密封構件作用來在活塞24被配置在活塞 接收開口 36內時，在圓周上將活塞接收開口 36之一的內 部區域密封成爲與卡鉗殼體20的外部隔離。因此，當致 動流體被供應至活塞接收開口 36時，活塞24會朝向轉子 18移動。因此，摩擦構件22也會朝向盤式制動器轉子18 -10- 1354074 移動，因而在轉子18上且因此在車輪16上產生止動作用 較佳地，卡鉗殼體20如以上所討論的具有可移動地 耦接於殼體20的兩個摩擦構件。另外，摩擦構件較佳地 可移動地耦接於卡鉗殼體20成爲使得轉子接收槽溝形成 在摩擦構件之間。每一個摩擦構件基本上包含一板件，而 摩擦材料以傳統方式固定地耦接於此板件。每一個板件較 佳地以傳統方式由剛性金屬材料形成。每一個板件包含用 來可滑動地接收安裝銷通過的安裝孔。安裝銷在一個端部 處部份地具有螺紋，且在相反端部處接收固定構件，以用 傳統方式將摩擦構件固定於卡鉗殻體。顯示這些組件的圖 式顯示在美國專利第6,491，144號中，此前案藉著參考而 整個結合於此。 槪括而言，如圖5及1 1所示，組裝的卡鉗殼體20包 含彼此合作以界定制動開口 25的四個區段或部份，亦即 第一及第二側部26a及26b以及第一及第二端部27a及 27b ° 活塞接收開口 36a及36b經由流體導管37的網路而 與流體耦接單元及泄放閥（未顯示）（經由第一及第二孔 32及34)流體連通。因此，當致動/液壓流體被供應至卡 鉗殼體20時，致動流體流動通過導管3 7a、3 7b、及37c 的網路而流入活塞接收開口 36內。爲易於敘述且因爲導 管3 7a、3 7b '及37c以槪括而言相同的方式操作，所以此 處可能會在不附加「a」、「b」等的情況下以上位槪念的 -11 - 1354074 方式稱呼導管（相同地對於活塞接收開口 36a及36b也是 如此）。例如，導管可能會被個別地稱爲第一導管3 7 a、 第二導管37b'或第三導管37c，或是可能會被上位槪念 式地稱爲導管37。 如圖1 1所示，第一導管37a從第一孔32延伸，通過 活塞接收開口 36a (見圖6中的開口 39a)，且至第二端 部27b內。在較佳實施例中，第二導管37b於與活塞移動 的方向（制動方向）大致平行的方向延伸通過第二端部 2 7b。應瞭解第二導管3 7b的一部份被界定在第一卡鉗殼 體半體30a內’而第二導管37b的另一部份被界定在第二 卡鉗殻體半體30b內。導管37c從第二端部27b延伸，通 過活塞接收開口 36b (見圖7中的開口 39b)，且至第二 孔34。應瞭解所有的導管37及活塞接收開口 36均彼此流 體流動連通而界定一流體路徑。 如圖11所示’當用流體充塡卡鉗11時，流體流入第 —開口（孔）32內，通過第—導管37a，流入活塞接收開 口 36a內（經由開口 39a)，通過第二導管37b，通過第 三導管37c’流入活塞接收開口 36b內（經由開口 39b) ，而流至第二開口（孔）34。 以另一種方式敘述且如圖丨3所示，通過卡鉗1 1的流 體路徑大致上爲U形。第—導管37a爲大致u形的流體路 徑的第一段’第二導管37b爲大致U形的流體路徑的第二 段’而第三導管37C爲大致u形的流體路徑的第三段。並 且’第一通口 36a爲大致u形的流體路徑的第一段的一部 -12- 1354074 或導管系統不被分支。流體的流入活塞接收開口 36內不 被視爲分支。 參考圖14至17，圖中顯示卡鉗U的另—實施例。應 瞭解圖14至17所示的卡鉗11的組件槪括而言與圖4至 1 3所示的卡鉗1 1的組件相同，但是如以下所述的，導管 系統不同。 槪括而言’如圖16A及16B所示，組裝的卡鉗殼體 2 〇包含彼此合作以界定制動開口 2 5的四個區段或部份， 亦即第一及第二側部26a及26b以及第一及第二端部27a 及 27b。 活塞接收開口 36a及36b經由流體導管137的網路而 與流體耦接單元及泄放閥（未顯示）（經由第一及第二孔 32及34)流體連通。因此，當致動/液壓流體被供應至卡 鉗殼體20時，致動流體流動通過導管137a、137b、及 137c的網路而流入活塞接收開口 36內。爲易於敘述且因 爲導管137a、137b、及137c以槪括而言相同的方式操作 ，所以此處可能會在不附加「a」、「b」等的情況下以上 位槪念的方式稱呼導管。例如，導管可能會被個別地稱爲 第一導管137a、第二導管137b、或第三導管137c，或是 可能會被上位槪念式地稱爲導管137。 如圖16A所示，第一導管137a從第一孔32延伸（於 第二側部開始），且經由開口 1 39a而通至活塞接收開口 36b內。如圖16B所示，第二導管137b經由開口 139b延 伸出活塞接收開口 36b而至第一端部27a內。然後，導管 -14 - 1354074 13 7b從第一端部27a延伸至第一側部26a內，且經由開 139c而至活塞接收開口 36a內。應瞭解第二導管137b —部份被界定在第一卡鉗殼體半體3 0a內，而第二導 137b的另一部份被界定在第二卡鉗殼體半體30b內。如 16A所示，第三導管13 7c經由開口 139d延伸出活塞接 開口 36a而至第二孔34。應瞭解所有的導管137及活塞 收開口 36均彼此流體流動連通而界定一流體路徑。 如圖16A及16B所示，當用流體充塡卡鉗11時， 體流入第一開□(孔）32內，通過第一導管137a，經 開口 13.9a及1 39b流入及流出活塞接收開口 36b，通過 二導管137b，經由開口 139c及139d流入及流出活塞接 開口 36a，通過第三導管13：7c，而流至第二開口（孔） 。應瞭解可用流體於相反方向來充塡卡鉗11。換句話說 流體可流入第二開口 3 4內，通過導管1 3 7，而流至第一 □ 32。 流體路徑顯示在圖17中。第一導管137a爲流體路 的第一段，第二導管137b爲流體路徑的第二段，而第 導管137c爲流體路徑的第三段。並且，第二通口 36b 流體路徑的第一段與第二段之間，而第一通口 36a在流 路徑的第二段與第三段之間。 導管137的此配置使得整個制動器系統（從卡鉗至 件總成）與習知技術相比較易於泄放。如上所述，許多 知技術系統具有分支的導管網路。換句話說，流體經由 口進入’然後分支至在轉子的兩側的活塞。在本發明中 P 的 管 圖 收 接 流 由 第 收 34 ， 開 徑 在 體 桿 習 入 -15- 1354074 導管137的網路提供不具有任何分支的單向的連續流體流 動。如圖17中的虛線箭頭所示，此在用流體充塡卡甜n 時提供單向路徑。並且，如圖17中的實線箭頭所示，此 提供用來泄放空氣/氣體的單向路徑，而此容許空氣/氣體 可較爲容易地從制動系統中的流體被移除。如以上所討論 的，這些路徑可反向，並且泄放閥可被放置在第一開口 32 上，而從主缸的入口可爲第二開口 34»例如，上述的 SAINT制動系統技術服務指令（SI-8CZOE )中所教示的制 動器系統泄放技術也可被用在此處。由於單向管道裝置， 因此最靠近泄放閥的活塞周圍的流體會首先被泄放，接著 是另一活塞。應瞭解此處所用的單向並非表示流體只能於 一個方向移動，而是表示管道裝置或導管系統不被分支。 流體的流入活塞接收開口 3 6內不被視爲分支。 再次參考圖1至3，制動器操作機構28a及28b爲傳 統的盤式制動器操作機構。因此，此處不詳細討論或顯示 制動器操作機構28a及28b。應瞭解圖1至3所示的卡鉗 只是爲了舉例說明的目的。制動器操作機構28a及28b被 設置來控制盤式制動器總成1 2及1 4。制動器操作機構 28a及28b較佳地被固定地安裝在車把19上成爲相鄰於車 把19的手把部份。因此，制動器操作機構28a及28b以 傳統方式被操作，使得盤式制動器總成1 2及1 4將摩擦構 件從自行車車輪16及盤式制動器轉子18自由旋轉的釋放 位置移動至制動位置。於制動位置，盤式制動器總成1 2 及1 4對盤式制動器轉子1 8施加制動力’以停止自行車車 -16- 1354074 輪16及盤式制動器轉子18的旋轉。 以下更詳細敘述制動器操作機構28a及28b。基本上 ，制動器操作機構28a及28b被設計來以傳統方式致動盤 式制動器總成1 2及1 4，以在盤式制動器轉子1 8上施加強 制性的夾緊動作來停止車輪16的旋轉。制動器操作機構 28b致動後盤式制動器總成14，而制動器操作機構28a致 動前盤式制動器總成12。制動器操作機構28b與制動器操 作機構28a彼此相同，除了制動器操作機構28b爲制動器 操作機構28a的鏡像。制動器操作機構28a及28b的每一 個基本上包含制動桿件80、液壓或主缸81、液壓或主活 塞82、及致動流體貯器83。較佳地，制動器操作機構28a 及28b的每一個爲被安裝在車把19上的單一單元》 特別是，就制動器操作機構28a及28b的任一個而言 ，制動桿件80包含安裝部份84及桿件部份85。安裝部份 84被設計成爲可用傳統方式夾緊在車把19上。安裝部份 84與主缸81成整體地形成在一起，使得主缸81、主活塞 82、及致動流體貯器83全部都被支撐在制動桿件80的安 裝部份84上。桿件部份85可樞轉地耦接於安裝部份84， 以在釋放位置與制動位置之間移動。常態下，桿件部份8 5 以傳統方式被保持於釋放位置。 主活塞82以傳統方式可移動地安裝在主缸81內。更 明確地說，致動流體貯器8 3被安裝在主缸8 1上，且與主 缸81的內部孔流體連通以供應致動流體至主缸內。主活 塞82在一個端部處連接於桿件部份85，以用來使主活塞 -17- 1354074 82在主缸81內軸向移動。因此，桿件部份85的致動造成 主活塞82在主缸81內軸向移動。主活塞82在主缸81內 的此移動引導流體壓力通過液壓管線86，而此液壓管線 86係經由流體耦接單元33而耦接於盤式制動器總成12及 14之一。因此，加壓的致動流體造成活塞24及摩擦構件 移動而接合盤式制動器轉子18，因而停止車輪16的旋轉 〇 應瞭解由於以上所述的流體路徑的可反向性，因此不 管在說明書中是哪一個殼體半體、側部、端部、導管、通 口、活塞接收開口等被指定爲「第一」或「第二」，在解 讀附隨的申請專利範圍時，任一個殼體半體、側部、端部 、導管、通口、活塞接收開口等均可被視爲「第一」或「 第二」。在圖式中被特定地指定爲「第一」或「第二」者 並非本發明的限制。 上述的實施例爲本發明的舉例說明的實施例。熟習此 項技術者在不離開此處所揭示的發明槪念之下可對上述實 施例進行許多的利用及變化。因此，本發明應完全由附隨 的申請專利範圍的請求項範圍來界定。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1爲具有根據本發明的實施例的前盤式制動器總成 及後盤式制動器總成的自行車的側視圖。 圖2爲圖1所示的自行車的耦接於前叉架及前盤式制 動器操作機構的前盤式制動器總成的側視圖。 -18- 1354074 圖3爲圖丨所示的自行車的耦接於後叉架及後盤式制 動器操作機構的後盤式制動器總成的側視圖。 圖4爲根據本發明的實施例的盤式制動器卡鉗的立體 圖。 圖5爲圖4的盤式制動器卡鉗的頂部平面圖。 圖6爲圖4的盤式制動器卡鉗的第一卡鉗殼體半體的 內部立體圖。 圖7爲圖4的盤式制動器卡鉗的第二卡鉗殼體半體的 內部立體圖。 圖8爲圖4的盤式制動器卡鉗的第一卡鉗殼體半體的 外部立體圖。 圖9爲圖4的盤式制動器卡鉗的第二卡鉗殼體半體的 外部立體圖。 圖10爲圖4的盤式制動器卡鉗的立體圖，以虛線顯 示導管及通口。 圖11爲沿圖10的線11-11所取的圖4的盤式制動器 卡鉗的剖面頂部平面圖。 圖12爲沿圖1〇的線12-12所取的圖4的盤式制動器 卡鉗的剖面頂部平面圖，其包含活塞及制動墊。 圖13爲顯示圖4的盤式制動器卡鉗的導管中的流體 路徑的示意圖。 圖14爲根據本發明的另一實施例的盤式制動器卡鉗 的立體圖。 圖15爲圖14的盤式制動器卡鉗的立體圖，以虛線顯 -19- 1354074 - 示導管及通口。 . 圖16A爲沿圖15的線16a-16a所取的圖14的盤式制 動器卡鉗的剖面頂部平面圖。 圖16B爲沿圖15的線16b-16b所取的圖14的盤式制 動器卡鉗的剖面頂部平面圖。 圖17爲顯示圖14的盤式制動器卡鉗的導管中的流體 路徑的示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 0 :自行車 1 1 :自行車盤式制動器卡紺 1 2 :前盤式制動器總成 13 :車架 1 4 :後盤式制動器總成 1 5 :前叉架 φ 16 :車輪 1 7 :後叉架 1 8 :盤式制動器轉子 19 :車把 20 :卡紺殼體 2 2 :摩擦構件 24 :活塞 . 2 5 :制動開口 2 6 a :第一側部 -20- 1354074 26b :第二側部 27a :第一端部 27b :第二端部 2 8a :制動器操作機構或桿件總成 30a :第一卡鉗殼體半體 30b:第二卡鉗殼體半體 3 2 :第一孔或流體入口，第一開口 3 3 :流體耦接單元 3 4 :第二孔或流體出口，第二開口 3 5 :泄放閥 36 :活塞接收開口' 36a:第一通口或活塞接收開口 3 6b :第二通口或活塞接收開口 3 7 :流體導管 37a :第一導管 37b :第二導管 37c :第三導管 3 8 :密封構件 3 9a :開口 3 9b :開口 40 :圓周凹槽 80 :制動桿件 8 1 :液壓或主缸 82 :液壓或主活塞 -21 - 1354074 致動流體貯器 安裝部份 桿件部份 液壓管線 流體導管 :第一導管 :第二導管 • >s£c •弟二導管 :開口 :開口 :開口 1 3 9 d :開口</ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; For hydraulic disc brakes, and especially for hydraulic disc brakes with one way plumbing. [Prior Art] In recent years, some high performance bicycles have included hydraulic disc brakes. The hydraulic disc brake system typically includes a caliper housing, a first movable brake pad, and a second fixed or movable brake pad. The movable brake pad is typically attached to a piston that is movable in response to fluid pressure applied by the hydraulic fluid conduit in the caliper housing. The brake pads are positioned on either side of the rotor and the rotor is attached to the front or rear wheels of the bicycle. When fluid pressure is applied to one or more of the live φ plugs, the brake pads contact the rotor, thereby applying frictional resistance to cause the bicycle to slow or stop. Hydraulic disc brake systems for bicycles are typically actuated by brake lever members attached to the 'bike handlebars. The hydraulic disc brake system also includes a primary piston in the master cylinder actuated by the brake lever member. The master cylinder houses hydraulic fluid and is in fluid communication with the disc brake caliper via a fluid conduit. The brake pads are typically spaced apart from the rotor by a predetermined gap. When the brake lever member is pressed toward the handlebar, the primary piston moves, thereby forcing liquid out of the master cylinder and into the conduit connected to the caliper housing. Fluid movement into the caliper housing -5 - 1354074 • Causes the piston to move, eventually bringing the brake pad to the rotor • When charging the hydraulic disc brake system clamp at the beginning, the system must be bleed to To optimize the performance of the brakes. Many conventional techniques include branched hydraulic fluid paths. In other words, after the flow enters, the fluid branches into two separate conduits leading to one piston and the other conduit to the other φ another to the fluid outlet branch). This can be difficult because the bubbles get stuck in different branches. Relieved hydraulic disc brake calipers are available on request. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to a first aspect of the present invention, a liquid tong housing is provided that includes first and second side portions and first and second side portions, and first and second end portions are defined in each other An extension path extends from the fluid inlet between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet, through the second side, through the first side, to the fluid outlet. At least one of the first and second sides of the preferred diameter is not branched. The at least one piston receiving opening. The fluid can be flowed out of the piston by the piston in the second side portion by the piston in the second side portion. For example, the fluid inlet can be located at the first side, at the second side. contact. (Includes the master cylinder and the card air bubble removed from the system. The caliper is in its inner body via the fluid inlet, one of the catheter side pistons (and the bleeder brake is trapped, therefore, for easy pressure plate brake card and second end, This cooperates with the fluid path of the caliper housing. The flow passes through the first end. In the embodiment, the fluid path has a branch path defined therein from the flow opening opening through the mouth. The path can be reversed and the fluid outlet can be Bit-6- 1354074 According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of charging a hydraulic disc brake caliper with hydraulic fluid is provided. The method includes providing a hydraulic disc brake caliper including a housing, the housing including a fluid inlet and a fluid An outlet, and a fluid path defined between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet, not branched. The housing has first and second piston receiving openings defined therein. The method includes flowing fluid through the fluid inlet a step of flowing through and through the second piston receiving opening, flowing through and through the first piston receiving opening, and flowing to the fluid outlet. In a preferred embodiment The method includes venting gas from a fluid in a fluid path. During this step, at least a portion of the gas travels from adjacent the fluid outlet, through the first or second piston receiving opening, through the second or first piston Receiving an opening and discharging from a fluid inlet. According to another aspect of the invention, a hydraulic disc brake caliper is provided, comprising first and second housing halves that cooperate to define an extension between a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet a one-way fluid path; and first and second pistons each received in one of the first and second housing halves. The first and second pistons are in fluid communication with one another along the one-way fluid path. The invention is applicable to all types of devices and is not limited to bicycles. The invention may be more readily understood by reference to the drawings, wherein the same numerals indicate the same parts or parts in several views of the drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring now to Figures 1 through 12', a preferred embodiment of a bicycle disc brake caliper 11 is described. The bicycle disc brake caliper 11 is preferably operatively coupled to hydraulics. The hydraulic disc brakes of the rod assembly are sweet. 1354074 It should be understood that the terms used herein such as "front", "back", "bottom", "side or side", and the like are merely illustrative. And refers to the orientation in which the components are shown in the figures. Any orientation of the components of the clamp 1 1 and the components described herein are within the invention. As shown in Figure 1, the figures are shown in accordance with the present invention. The preferred implementation has a front disc brake assembly 12 and a rear disc brake assembly 14. In addition to the calipers, the front and rear disc brake assemblies 12 and 14 are conventionally fluidly coupled to the frame 13 for fluid operation. Disc Assembly Accordingly, many of the components of disc brake assemblies 1 2 and 14 are discussed or illustrated in detail herein except as modified by the preferred embodiment as discussed below. Additionally, it should be understood that bicycles The disc caliper 1 1 can be used with the front disc brake assembly 1 2 or the rear disc brake | " Specifically, the front disc brake assembly 12 is fixedly coupled to the front fork 15 of the 13 and then The disc brake assembly 14 is fixedly coupled to the rear fork 17 of the frame 13. The frame 13 includes a handlebar 19 that is mounted on the front fork frame 15 for steering 10 . Bicycle 10 includes a pair of wheels 16 that rotatably couple to vehicle frame 13. One wheel 16 is coupled to 15 and one wheel 16 is coupled to the rear fork 17. Each wheel is fixedly coupled to the disc brake rotor 18 of the wheel in a conventional manner. The bicycle 10 and its various components are quite conventional. Since the vehicle 10 and its various components will not be discussed in detail herein, except for these components and the preferred embodiment of the present invention, "the top is for a bicycle with a range of easy-to-understand cards." It will not be clear that the actuator card I is 14 in the frame to be attached to the vehicle to be self-connected from the front fork 16 6 , self-discussed or bicycle -8 - 1354074 disc brake caliper 11 and front and rear When the disc brake assemblies 12 and 14 are concerned, the front and rear disc brake assemblies 12 and 14 are substantially identical to each other. Therefore, it should be understood that the caliper 11 can be combined with the front disc brake assembly 12 or the rear disc brake. In addition, it should be understood that the front and rear disc brake assemblies 12 and 14 can include calipers 11 having any number of pistons. For example, the calipers 11 shown in Figures 2 and 3 are four-piston type calipers. The caliper 11 shown in Figures 4 to 17 contains only two pistons. Therefore, a caliper having any number of pistons is within the scope of the present invention as long as the caliper 11 includes a one-way ducting device as described below. Brake The caliper 12 basically includes a caliper 11 and a brake operating mechanism or lever assembly 28a. The caliper 11 includes a caliper housing 20, a pair of friction members 22, and a plurality of pistons 24 disposed in the housing 20 (as shown in FIG. The caliper housing 20 is fixedly coupled to the front fork frame 15 in a conventional manner using threaded fasteners. The first and second friction members 22 are coupled to the caliper housing 20 to form a rotor receiving groove therebetween At least one of the friction members 22 is movable relative to the caliper housing 20, and preferably both friction members are movable relative to the caliper housing 20. At least one piston 24 is movably coupled to the caliper housing 20. Preferably, each of the pistons 24 is movably coupled to the caliper housing 20. Referring to Figures 4 through 13, the caliper housing 20 is preferably formed of a rigid metallic material such as cast aluminum. The caliper housing 20 is comprised of The first caliper housing half 30a and the second caliper housing half 30b are formed. The first and second caliper housing halves 30a and 30b are fixedly coupled together by a plurality of bolts. The first caliper housing Body half 30a includes a body for receiving a fluid coupling unit (not shown) -9- 1354074 - Hole or fluid inlet 32. The caliper housing 20 also includes a second bore or fluid outlet 34 for receiving the bleed valve 35. The first and second bores 32 and 34 can have threads. Preferably, at least two ports or piston receiving openings 36a and 36b are shown (only two are shown). More specifically, the first and second caliper housing halves 30a and 30b are each preferably formed to be useful. The piston receiving openings 36a and 36b of the piston 24 are received as shown in Figures 6 and 7. The piston receiving opening 36a or 36b formed in one of the caliper housing halves 30a and 30b is configured to be formed relative to the caliper housing. The piston of the other of the half bodies 30a and 30b receives the opening 36a or 36b. As shown in Figure 12, each piston 24 (i.e., mounted in one of the caliper housing halves 30a and 30b) is configured to move one of the friction members 22 toward the disc brake rotor 18 (braking direction). . It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the housing 20 can be formed as a single unit. Each piston receiving opening 36 is preferably an annular opening that is sized and formed as one of the receiving pistons 24. Additionally, each of the piston receiving openings 36 preferably also includes a circumferential groove 40 for sealing the member 38 to prevent fluid leakage from the opening 36. The sealing member is a ring-shaped member formed of an elastic material such as rubber or flexible plastic. Each sealing member acts to seal the inner region of one of the piston receiving openings 36 circumferentially from the exterior of the caliper housing 20 when the piston 24 is disposed within the piston receiving opening 36. Therefore, when the actuating fluid is supplied to the piston receiving opening 36, the piston 24 moves toward the rotor 18. Thus, the friction member 22 also moves toward the disc brake rotor 18-10- 1354074, thus creating a stop on the rotor 18 and thus on the wheel 16. Preferably, the caliper housing 20 is movable as discussed above. The two friction members are coupled to the housing 20 . Additionally, the friction member is preferably movably coupled to the caliper housing 20 such that the rotor receiving slots are formed between the friction members. Each of the friction members substantially comprises a plate member, and the friction material is fixedly coupled to the plate member in a conventional manner. Each of the panels is preferably formed of a rigid metal material in a conventional manner. Each of the plates includes a mounting hole for slidably receiving the mounting pin. The mounting pin is partially threaded at one end and receives a securing member at the opposite end to secure the friction member to the caliper housing in a conventional manner. A diagram showing these components is shown in U.S. Patent No. 6,491,144, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. In other words, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 11, the assembled caliper housing 20 includes four sections or portions that cooperate to define the brake opening 25, namely the first and second side portions 26a and 26b, and First and second end portions 27a and 27b° The piston receiving openings 36a and 36b are coupled to the fluid coupling unit and the bleed valve (not shown) via the network of fluid conduits 37 (via the first and second apertures 32 and 34) Fluid communication. Thus, when the actuation/hydraulic fluid is supplied to the caliper housing 20, the actuating fluid flows through the network of conduits 3 7a, 37b, and 37c into the piston receiving opening 36. For ease of description and because the conduits 3 7a, 3 7b ' and 37c operate in the same manner, it is possible to cite the above in the absence of "a", "b", etc. - 1354074 Method of referencing the catheter (same as for the piston receiving openings 36a and 36b). For example, the catheter may be referred to individually as the first catheter 37a, the second conduit 37b', or the third conduit 37c, or may be referred to as conduit 37 by the superior. As shown in Fig. 11, the first duct 37a extends from the first hole 32 through the piston receiving opening 36a (see the opening 39a in Fig. 6) and into the second end portion 27b. In the preferred embodiment, the second conduit 37b extends through the second end portion 27b in a direction substantially parallel to the direction in which the piston moves (braking direction). It will be appreciated that a portion of the second conduit 37b is defined within the first caliper housing half 30a and another portion of the second conduit 37b is defined within the second caliper housing half 30b. The conduit 37c extends from the second end portion 27b through the piston receiving opening 36b (see opening 39b in Fig. 7) and to the second opening 34. It will be appreciated that all of the conduit 37 and the piston receiving opening 36 are in fluid flow communication with one another to define a fluid path. As shown in Fig. 11, when the caliper 11 is filled with fluid, the fluid flows into the first opening (hole) 32, through the first conduit 37a, into the piston receiving opening 36a (via the opening 39a), through the second conduit 37b, The third conduit 37c' flows into the piston receiving opening 36b (via the opening 39b) and flows to the second opening (hole) 34. Stated another way and as shown in Figure 3, the fluid path through the caliper 11 is generally U-shaped. The first conduit 37a is a first section of the substantially u-shaped fluid path 'the second conduit 37b is the second section of the substantially U-shaped fluid path' and the third conduit 37C is the third section of the substantially u-shaped fluid path. And the first port 36a is a portion of the first segment of the generally u-shaped fluid path -12-1354074 or the catheter system is not branched. The flow of fluid into the piston receiving opening 36 is not considered a branch. Referring to Figures 14 through 17, an alternative embodiment of the caliper U is shown. It will be appreciated that the components of the caliper 11 shown in Figures 14 through 17 are identical to the components of the caliper 11 shown in Figures 4 through 13, but as described below, the catheter system is different. </ RTI> As shown in Figures 16A and 16B, the assembled caliper housing 2 includes four sections or portions that cooperate to define a brake opening 25, i.e., first and second side portions 26a and 26b. And first and second end portions 27a and 27b. Piston receiving openings 36a and 36b are in fluid communication with the fluid coupling unit and bleed valve (not shown) (via first and second bores 32 and 34) via a network of fluid conduits 137. Thus, when actuating/hydraulic fluid is supplied to the caliper housing 20, the actuating fluid flows through the network of conduits 137a, 137b, and 137c into the piston receiving opening 36. For ease of description and because the conduits 137a, 137b, and 137c are operated in the same manner as described above, the catheter may be referred to as the above-mentioned mourning without attaching "a" or "b". For example, the catheter may be referred to individually as the first catheter 137a, the second catheter 137b, or the third catheter 137c, or may be referred to as the catheter 137 in a superficial manner. As shown in Fig. 16A, the first conduit 137a extends from the first bore 32 (starting at the second side) and opens into the piston receiving opening 36b via the opening 1 39a. As shown in Fig. 16B, the second duct 137b extends through the opening 139b through the piston receiving opening 36b into the first end portion 27a. Then, the conduit -14 - 1354074 13 7b extends from the first end portion 27a into the first side portion 26a and into the piston receiving opening 36a via the opening 139c. It will be appreciated that the second conduit 137b is partially defined within the first caliper housing half 30a and the other portion of the second guide 137b is defined within the second caliper housing half 30b. As shown in Fig. 16A, the third duct 13 7c extends out of the piston opening 36a to the second hole 34 via the opening 139d. It will be appreciated that all of the conduits 137 and the piston receiving openings 36 are in fluid flow communication with each other to define a fluid path. As shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B, when the caliper 11 is filled with fluid, the body flows into the first opening (hole) 32, and flows into and out of the piston receiving opening 36b through the openings 13.9a and 139b through the first conduit 137a. The second conduit 137b flows into and out of the piston opening 36a through the openings 139c and 139d, and flows through the third conduit 13:7c to the second opening (hole). It should be understood that the available fluid can be used to fill the caliper 11 in the opposite direction. In other words, fluid can flow into the second opening 34 and through the conduit 137 to the first □ 32. The fluid path is shown in Figure 17. The first conduit 137a is the first section of the fluid path, the second conduit 137b is the second section of the fluid path, and the first conduit 137c is the third section of the fluid path. Also, the second port 36b is between the first section and the second section of the fluid path, and the first port 36a is between the second section and the third section of the flow path. This configuration of the conduit 137 allows the entire brake system (from the caliper to the assembly) to be easily vented as compared to conventional techniques. As mentioned above, many known technology systems have branched conduit networks. In other words, the fluid enters through the port and then branches to the pistons on either side of the rotor. In the present invention, the tube diagram of P is received by the first 34, and the network of the conduit 137 is -15- 1354074. The network provides a unidirectional continuous fluid flow without any branches. As indicated by the dashed arrow in Figure 17, this provides a unidirectional path when the fluid is filled with a sweetener n. Also, as shown by the solid arrows in Fig. 17, this provides a unidirectional path for venting air/gas, which allows the air/gas to be more easily removed from the fluid in the brake system. As discussed above, these paths may be reversed and the bleed valve may be placed on the first opening 32 and the inlet from the master cylinder may be the second opening 34», for example, the SAINT brake system technical service command described above ( The brake system bleed technology taught in SI-8CZOE) can also be used here. Due to the one-way plumbing, the fluid around the piston closest to the relief valve is first vented, followed by another piston. It should be understood that the unidirectionality used herein does not mean that the fluid can only move in one direction, but rather that the conduit means or conduit system is not branched. The flow of fluid into the piston receiving opening 36 is not considered a branch. Referring again to Figures 1 through 3, brake operating mechanisms 28a and 28b are conventional disc brake operating mechanisms. Therefore, the brake operating mechanisms 28a and 28b are not discussed or shown in detail herein. It should be understood that the calipers shown in Figures 1 through 3 are for illustrative purposes only. Brake operating mechanisms 28a and 28b are provided to control disc brake assemblies 1 2 and 14 . The brake operating mechanisms 28a and 28b are preferably fixedly mounted on the handlebar 19 to be adjacent to the handlebar portion of the handlebar 19. Accordingly, the brake operating mechanisms 28a and 28b are operated in a conventional manner such that the disc brake assemblies 1 2 and 14 move the friction members from the release position in which the bicycle wheel 16 and the disc brake rotor 18 are free to rotate to the braking position. In the braking position, the disc brake assemblies 1 2 and 14 apply a braking force to the disc brake rotor 18 to stop the rotation of the bicycle -16 - 1354074 wheel 16 and disc brake rotor 18. The brake operating mechanisms 28a and 28b will be described in more detail below. Basically, the brake operating mechanisms 28a and 28b are designed to actuate the disc brake assemblies 1 2 and 14 in a conventional manner to apply a forced clamping action on the disc brake rotor 18 to stop the rotation of the wheel 16. . The brake operating mechanism 28b actuates the rear disc brake assembly 14, and the brake operating mechanism 28a actuates the front disc brake assembly 12. The brake operating mechanism 28b and the brake operating mechanism 28a are identical to each other except that the brake operating mechanism 28b is a mirror image of the brake operating mechanism 28a. Each of the brake operating mechanisms 28a and 28b basically includes a brake lever member 80, a hydraulic or master cylinder 81, a hydraulic or main piston 82, and an actuating fluid reservoir 83. Preferably, each of the brake operating mechanisms 28a and 28b is a single unit mounted on the handlebar 19". In particular, in any of the brake operating mechanisms 28a and 28b, the brake lever member 80 includes a mounting portion 84. And the rod portion 85. The mounting portion 84 is designed to be clamped to the handlebar 19 in a conventional manner. The mounting portion 84 is integrally formed with the master cylinder 81 such that the master cylinder 81, the master piston 82, and the actuating fluid reservoir 83 are all supported on the mounting portion 84 of the brake lever member 80. The lever portion 85 is pivotally coupled to the mounting portion 84 for movement between a release position and a braking position. Normally, the lever portion 85 is held in the release position in a conventional manner. The primary piston 82 is movably mounted within the master cylinder 81 in a conventional manner. More specifically, the actuating fluid reservoir 83 is mounted on the master cylinder 81 and is in fluid communication with the internal bore of the master cylinder 81 to supply actuating fluid into the master cylinder. The main piston 82 is coupled to the lever portion 85 at one end for axial movement of the primary piston -17-1354074 82 within the master cylinder 81. Accordingly, actuation of the lever portion 85 causes the primary piston 82 to move axially within the master cylinder 81. This movement of the primary piston 82 within the master cylinder 81 directs fluid pressure through the hydraulic line 86, which is coupled to one of the disc brake assemblies 12 and 14 via the fluid coupling unit 33. Thus, the pressurized actuating fluid causes the piston 24 and the friction member to move to engage the disc brake rotor 18, thereby stopping the rotation of the wheel 16 and should be aware of the reversibility of the fluid path described above, so in the description Which shell half, side, end, conduit, port, piston receiving opening, etc. are designated as "first" or "second", and any housing is read in the scope of the accompanying patent application. The half body, the side, the end, the duct, the port, the piston receiving opening, and the like can be regarded as "first" or "second". It is not a limitation of the present invention to specifically designate "first" or "second" in the drawings. The above embodiments are illustrative of the embodiments of the invention. Many of the above-described embodiments may be utilized and varied by those skilled in the art without departing from the invention as disclosed herein. Accordingly, the invention should be defined solely by the scope of the claims of the accompanying claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a side view of a bicycle having a front disc brake assembly and a rear disc brake assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the front disc brake assembly of the bicycle of Figure 1 coupled to the front fork and front disc brake operating mechanisms. -18- 1354074 Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the rear disc brake assembly of the bicycle shown in Figure 耦 coupled to the rear fork and rear disc brake operating mechanisms. 4 is a perspective view of a disc brake caliper in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a top plan view of the disc brake caliper of Figure 4. Figure 6 is an internal perspective view of the first caliper housing half of the disc brake caliper of Figure 4; Figure 7 is an internal perspective view of the second caliper housing half of the disc brake caliper of Figure 4; Figure 8 is an external perspective view of the first caliper housing half of the disc brake caliper of Figure 4; Figure 9 is an external perspective view of the second caliper housing half of the disc brake caliper of Figure 4; Figure 10 is a perspective view of the disc brake caliper of Figure 4 showing the conduit and port in broken lines. Figure 11 is a cross-sectional top plan view of the disc brake caliper of Figure 4 taken along line 11-11 of Figure 10. Figure 12 is a cross-sectional top plan view of the disc brake caliper of Figure 4 taken along line 12-12 of Figure 1 and including a piston and a brake pad. Figure 13 is a schematic illustration of the fluid path in the conduit of the disc brake caliper of Figure 4. Figure 14 is a perspective view of a disc brake caliper according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 15 is a perspective view of the disc brake caliper of Figure 14, shown in phantom -19 - 1354074 - showing the conduit and the port. Figure 16A is a cross-sectional top plan view of the disc brake caliper of Figure 14 taken along line 16a-16a of Figure 15. Figure 16B is a cross-sectional top plan view of the disc brake caliper of Figure 14 taken along line 16b-16b of Figure 15. Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the fluid path in the conduit of the disc brake caliper of Figure 14. [Main component symbol description] 1 0 : Bicycle 1 1 : Bicycle disc brake clamp 1 2 : Front disc brake assembly 13 : Frame 1 4 : Rear disc brake assembly 1 5 : Front fork frame φ 16 : Wheel 1 7: Rear fork frame 18: Disc brake rotor 19: Handlebar 20: Cartridge housing 2 2: Friction member 24: Piston. 2 5: Brake opening 2 6 a : First side -20- 1354074 26b: second side portion 27a: first end portion 27b: second end portion 28a: brake operating mechanism or lever assembly 30a: first caliper housing half 30b: second caliper housing half 3 2 : First hole or fluid inlet, first opening 3 3 : fluid coupling unit 3 4 : second hole or fluid outlet, second opening 3 5 : bleed valve 36 : piston receiving opening ' 36 a : first port or piston Receiving opening 3 6b : second port or piston receiving opening 3 7 : fluid conduit 37a : first duct 37b : second duct 37c : third duct 3 8 : sealing member 3 9a : opening 3 9b : opening 40 : circumferential recess Slot 80: Brake lever member 8 1 : Hydraulic or master cylinder 82: Hydraulic or main piston-21 - 1354074 Actuated fluid reservoir mounting portion Rod part Hydraulic line fluid conduit : First Catheter: Second Catheter • >s£c • Dior Catheter: Opening: Opening: Opening 1 3 9 d : Opening