1345089 九、發明說明： I：發明戶斤屬之技術領域：！ 技術領域 本發明係有關於點矩陣方式之液晶顯示元件，特別是 5 有關於可撓性良好之液晶顯示元件。 L先前技術3 背景技術 今後，可預想的是沒有電源也可保持顯示且可電改寫 顯示内容之電子紙會迅速普及。電子紙係藉由可電顯示改 10 寫過去為紙印刷物之書籍或雜誌、報紙等之裝置來實現， 並具有薄、輕且容易看的紙印刷物的良好特性。電子紙比 紙印刷物好的地方在於可改寫顯示内容（内容）。因此，電子 紙不會像紙印刷物用完就丟，所以當取代紙印刷物且普及 後，對減少紙資源消耗有很大的貢獻，且從環境保護的觀 15 點來看也非常有用。 電子紙的應用有電子書籍、電子報紙、電子海報、電 子辭典等。電子紙所需的特性有下列（1)~(5)等。 (1) 可電改寫顯示資料 (2) 超低耗電量 20 (3)對眼睛好、不易疲勞（非常容易看） (4) 容易攜帶(輕且容易帶著走） (5) 像紙一樣薄且可折（重量輕且具可撓性） 電子紙係利用電泳方式或扭轉極性方式、液晶顯示器 或有機EL顯示器等來進行研究與開發。 5 電泳方式為使帶電粒子在空氣中或液體中移動之方 式。扭轉極性方式為使分成兩色之帶電粒子旋轉之方式。 有機EL顯示器（有機電場發光顯示器）為用陰極與陽極挾住 由有機材料所構成之多數薄膜之構造的自發光型顯示器。 液晶顯示器為具有分別用像素電極與相向電極挾住液晶層 之構造的非自發光型顯示器。 由液晶顯示器構成之電子紙係利用具雙安定性之選擇 反射型膽固醇液晶促進研究與開發。於此，所謂雙安定性 為液晶在2個不同的方向狀態下顯示出安定性的性質，膽固 醇液晶具有即使在去除電場後也可長時間保持平面(planer) 與垂直螺旋(focal conic)之2種安定狀態的性質。在膽固醇液 晶中，在平面狀態下，入射光會產生干擾反射，而在垂直 螺旋狀態下，入射光會透過。因此，在於液晶層使用膽固 醇液晶之液晶面板中，可藉由液晶層中之入射光的選擇反 射來顯示光的明暗，所以不需要偏光板。另’膽固醇液晶 亦稱作旋光向列液晶。 膽固醇液晶會因液晶的干擾而反射顏色，因此’只要 積層即可達到彩色顯不。故，利用膽固醇液晶之液晶顯示 方式（於此，為求方便，稱作膽固醇液晶方式）相較於上述電 泳方式等其他方式在彩色顯*這點上具有壓倒性的優勢。 在其他方式的情況下在每個像素皆必須配置塗成3色 的濾光片，因此，相較於膽固醇液晶方式，亮度只有1/3。 所以，在其他方式中，亮度的提高成為實現電子紙時的一 大問題。 如上Μ述，膽固醇液晶方式雖然具有彩色顯示最為容 易的優點，但可否賦予電子纸的特徵之可撓性是最大的問 題0 液晶顯示元件需要具數間隙之均一的晶格，一般 而言，晶格由在上下之玻璃基板之間挟住液晶層（數Vm) 之構造形成。在一般的TN(Twisted Nematic ;扭轉向列）型 或STN(Super Twisted Nematic ;超扭轉向列）型液晶面板 中，有一部份已實現利用由透明的特殊樹脂所作成之薄膜 基板之液晶顯示元件（塑膠液晶）。塑膠液晶相較於玻璃基板 的液晶，可達成薄型化或輕量化’並且具高耐久性，且對 於彎折的強度也較大。因此’可像紙一樣隨意地弯折，所 以適合電子紙。 於此，針對貫現液晶面板之均一的晶格間隙之習知構 造作說明。 第1圖係顯示利用支柱分隔件實現均一的晶格間隙之 點矩陣構造的液晶顯示元件之晶格構造的分解圖。 該圖所示之液晶顯示元件為在第一基板i(上面基板)與 第二基板2(下面基板)之間挾持液晶層之構造。液晶層由密 封材料或接著性支柱5等所構成。在第—基板i的表面形成 有多數透明的列電極(未圖示）。又，在第二基板2的裡面形 成有多數與該列電極垂直地交叉之透明的行電極（未圖 一、在开y成有上述列電極之第一基板1上的液晶層側形成 有密封材料3。 密封材料3為由印刷製簡製作之熱硬化型或UV硬化 型接著劑，且構成液晶層的外周部。在密封材料3的盆中一 邊3a的中央設有開口部，且使該開口部的兩端延伸並形成 液晶的注人口4。即’密封材料3的—部份成為液晶的注入 口4 ’透過該注入〇4將液晶注入由密封材料3包圍的領域 内。 在由密封材料3包圍的領域内形成有多數扮演液晶層 的分隔件的角色之接著性支柱5。該等接著性支柱5形成於 液晶層之各像素的四個角。 接著性支柱5為呈圓柱形且可與第二基板2接著之構 件。因此，若疊合形成有密封材料3及接著性支柱5之第一 基板1與第二基板2，則第-基板！與第二基板2可藉由密封 材料3及接著性支柱5固定接著。密封材料3為例如加熱後會 硬化的構件。 在於液晶層使用選擇反射型膽固醇液晶之上述構造的 液晶顯示元件中，在上方或下方的相向位置未設置電極之 像素之間的部分會常時點亮，為了防止該常時點亮以提高 像素之對比，因此，在第二基板2上形成黑色矩陣6。該黑 色矩陣6為對應於在上方或下方未設置電極(行電極或列電 極)之液晶層的部分(像素的四邊)之格子狀的圖案。 在上述構造之液晶顯示元件中，由於接著性支柱5具有 分隔件的功能，因此，第一基板丨與第二基板2之間的寬度 (間隙）可維持均一。 像接著性支柱5這種支柱可藉由例如日本專利公開公 報第58-13515號或第8-76131號所揭示之微影成像法中之形 1345089 成圖案方法形成。 在上述構造之液晶顯示元件中，藉由從注入口 4注入膽 固醇液晶，可實現選擇反射型之膽固醇液晶顯示元件。然 而，選擇反射型之膽固醇液晶顯示元件僅可實現均一的晶 5 格間隙，而無法賦予可撓性。 _由於液晶是液體，因此，若彎折液晶面板或按壓其顯 示面，則會因該等動作所施加的力量使液晶流動，而使顯 示狀態產生變化。由於TN型或STN型之液晶面板的顯示常 時為電驅動狀態，因此，即使顯示狀態有變化，也可立刻 10 恢復至原來的狀態。但，具顯示記憶性之膽固醇液晶的顯 示在再度驅動之前都無法恢復。 在膽固醇液晶顯示元件中，就形成如第1圖所示之接著 性支柱5之支柱的方法而言，係例如揭示於日本專利公開公 報第2000-146527號，但該公報所揭示之發明的主要目的在 15 於確保晶格間隙的均一性，當彎折液晶面板或按壓其顯示 面時，並不能維持膽固醇液晶顯示元件的記憶性。 在將選擇反射型之膽固醇液晶應用在電子紙時，最大 的問題是實現即使按壓或折彎電子紙也不會改變顯示之構 造。 .20 在使用0.125 // m的薄膜基板製作具有第1圖所示之支 柱構造的液晶晶格時，光拿在手上，顯示就會改變。該液 晶晶格的支柱構造為了避免顯示變化需要堅固的框體，因 此，無法將該液晶晶格應用在具可撓性之電子紙上。 本發明人藉由實驗查明利用具有習知支柱構造之膽固 9 ⑧ 醇液晶的液晶晶格會因為按壓其顯示面的力量使顯示產生 變化之構造。關於該構造，本發明人在先申請的日本專利 公開公報第16_82380號中已揭示。 上述顯示變化的原因為施加於顯示面的按壓力或液晶 B曰格的考折所導致之液晶的流動性，藉由抑制該流動性， 可解決顯示變化的問題。利用圓柱或角柱的分隔件構造並 無法抑制液晶的流動性。雖然也提過可達成晶格間隙均一 化的條紋構造之支柱，但該構造中的液晶容易產生流動。 【專利文獻1】日本專利公開公報第5 8_ I% 15號 【專利文獻2】曰本專利公開公報第號 【專利文獻3】日本專利公開公報第號 【專利文獻4】曰本專利公開公報第16·8238〇號 t發明内容；3 發明之揭示 本發明之目的在於實現即使按壓顯示面或彎折元件 不會改變顯示之矩陣構造的液晶顯示元件。 本發明係㈣矩陣方式之m貞*元件為前提，該; 晶顯示元件包含：第一基板，係配設有第一電極；第二; 板，係配設有第二電極；及液晶面板，係纽於前述第. 基板與則述第二基板之間的液晶層所構成者。 在本發明之第-態樣之液晶顯示元件中，前述液^ 具有：第-壁面構造體’係配設於各像素之各邊的側面_ 具有接著性；及第二壁面構造體，係配設於前述第一壁、 構造體周圍且具有接著性。 1345089 在第一態樣之液晶顯示元件中，由於前述第一及第二 壁面構造體具有接著性，故該等壁面構造體具有分隔件的 功能，且可提高晶格間隙之均一性、液晶層之耐壓力及液 晶顯示元件之对衝擊性。 5 本發明之第二態樣之液晶顯示元件在第一態樣中積層 有多數前述液晶面板。 在苐二悲樣之液晶顯不元件中，由於積層有多數液晶 面板，因此，可藉由使各液晶面板之顯示色不同，以達成 彩色顯示。 10 本發明之第三態樣之液晶顯示元件在第一或第二態樣 之液晶顯示元件中，前述第一壁面構造體具有用以連結相 鄰接之前述像素間的開口部。 在第三態樣之液晶顯示元件中，由於相鄰接之像素之 間透過開口部連結，因此，將開口部活用為液晶之注入路， 15 藉此，將液晶注入液晶層内所有的像素。 本發明之第一或第二態樣之液晶顯示元件中，前述像 素呈矩形。此時，前述開口部係例如設於各像素的至少兩 邊之側壁。 本發明之第一或第二態樣之液晶顯示元件中，前述開 20 口部例如非直線地配置在縱向上。 本發明之第一或第二態樣之液晶顯示元件中，前述開 口部例如非直線地配置在橫向上。 本發明之第一或第二態樣之液晶顯示元件中，前述開 口部例如非直線地配置在縱向及橫向上。 ⑧ 1345089 本發明之第四態樣之液晶顯示元件在第一或第二態樣 之液晶顯示元件中，前述第一壁面構造體係例如包圍前述 各像素之側面全部。此時，例如，前述液晶層中由前述第 一壁面構造體包圍之前述像素内的液晶為滴下形成者。 5 在第四態樣之液晶顯示元件中 '，在藉由滴下液晶，將 液晶注入液晶層内所有的像素後，貼合第一基板與第二基 板，可製作出液晶顯示元件。第四態樣之液晶顯示元件在 相鄰接之像素間未設置開口部，因此，可完全地防止像素 内之液晶的流動性。又，再者，可增加第一壁面構造體之 10 體積及表面積。因此，較第三態樣之液晶顯示元件更可提 高對顯示面之耐按壓力。 本發明之第五態樣之液晶顯示元件在第一或第二態樣 之液晶顯示元件中，於前述第二壁面構造體外周配設有密 封材料。此時，例如，前述注入前述液晶面板之前述液晶 15 層的液晶僅注入由前述第二壁面構造體包圍之領域内。 在第五態樣之液晶顯示元件中，由於液晶未與密封材 料接觸，故可避免液晶被密封材料污染的狀況發生。因此， 可增加密封材料的選擇，且可使用便宜的材料或接著性強 的材料作為密封材料。 20 本發明之第六態樣之液晶顯示元件在第一或第二態樣 之液晶顯示元件中，於前述第二壁面構造體外周未配設密 封材料。此時，例如，前述第一基板與前述第二基板係藉 由前述第一及第二壁面構造體接著固定。 在第六態樣之液晶顯示元件中，由於可省略密封材 12 ⑧ 1345089 第4圖係本實施形態之液晶顯示元件中設於支柱間之 像素的開口部的配置構造。 第5圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例1中 之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 5 苐6圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例2中 之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 第7圖係顯示本貫施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例3中 之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 弟8圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例4中 10 之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 第9圖係顯示本貫施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例$中 之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 弟10圖係顯不本貫施形悲之液晶顯示元件之實施例6 中之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 15 弟11圖係顯示本貫施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例7 中之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 弟12圖係顯不本貫施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例8 中之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 第13圖係顯示本貫施形述之液晶顯示元件之實施例9 20 中之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 第14圖係顯不具有貫施例1 〇之液晶層之本實施形雜之 液晶顯示元件之整體構造的分解圖。 弟15圖係顯不貫施例1〇之液晶層中之壁面構造體的圖 案0 14 第16圖係本發明之實施例11之使用選擇反射型之膽固 醇液晶之彩色&顯示元件的的橫截面。 —第17(a)圖〜第17⑻圖分別為實施例11之彩色液晶顯示 兀件中之6(&色）顯示面板、G(綠色）顯示面板及R(紅色）顯 示面板之支柱配置圖案。 |[實方包冷式3 實施發明之最隹形態 以下，面參照圖式，一面針對本發明之實施形態作 說明。 第2圖〜第3圖係顯示本發明之一實施形態之使用膽固 醇液晶之矩陣方式液晶顯示元件之晶格構造。第2圖係顯示 上述貫施形悲之液晶顯示元件的整體構造之分解圖，第3圖 係顯示上述貫&形態之液晶顯示元件中之支柱的配置構造 之模式圖’第41]係上述實施形態之液晶顯示元件中設於支 柱間之開口部的配置構造圖。 首先’參照第2圖’說明本實施形態之矩陣方式液晶顯 不兀件（以下僅屺載為液晶顯示元件）的整體構造。第2圖 中，與第目同之構成要素職予_的符號。 第2圖所示之本實施形態之矩陣方式液晶顯示元件1〇 的晶格構造不同於過去祕陣方式液晶顯*元件的最大特 徵為液晶層中之支柱(接著性支柱）15的形狀。 設於液晶顯示元件1〇之液晶層的支柱15的橫截面為十 字形的壁面構造體（第—壁面構造體），且由例如微影成像法 來製作。該支柱15為具有與相向之第二基板2接著的性質之 1345089 材料。支柱15設於各像素的四邊。又，液晶層之分隔件亦 可併用該壁面構造體與過去的球狀分隔件或桂狀分隔件。 第3圖係顯示支才主15之配置形態（配置圖案）的模式圖。 列電極21與彳了 f極(掃描電極)23所交又的部分成為像 5素25，在該像素25的四邊設置支柱15。在所有支柱15的外 周配設有可規定液晶將注入的領域(液晶注入領域)Μ之外 框的壁面構造體（第二壁面構造體)17。該壁面構造體口的整 體主大致矩形，且在其其中一邊17a的中央設置液晶之注入 口 14。即，該注入口 14成為壁面構造體17的—部分。該壁 10面構造體I7為具有接著性之構件。支柱及壁面構造體 亦可為同-構件’此時，可藉由微影成像步驟同時形成這 兩個。 在壁面構造體17外側僅隔著預定距離配設有密封材料 13。該密封材料13係配設於液晶顯示元件晶格的外周。本 15實施例在貼合基板1與基板2時，可併用具接著性之壁面構 造體17與密封材料13。 如上所述，由於選擇反射型之膽固醇液晶在像素間沒 有電極的間隙部分會常時點亮，故必須設置黑色矩陣。因 此’本實施例也在第二基板2的裡面上設置黑色矩陣（參照 20 第2圖）。如第3圖所示，黑色矩陣6設於朝縱向（與顯示面垂 直的方向）與支柱15重疊的位置。 如弟4圖所不’相鄰接之像素25之間係透過設於支柱15 之間的開口部27相連結。該開口部27係為了將液晶注入液 晶層所有的像素25而設的。液晶係藉由例如真空注入法等 16 ⑥ 1345089 注入。 但’在本實施形態之液晶顯示元件ίο的晶格構造中， 由於支枝15為十字形，因此，可使連結像素25之間的開口 部27極小。‘ & + 如此一來，當開口部27極小時，則可利用支柱 5 1代替…、色矩陣，因此，亦可省略黑色矩陣6 ^ 在第2圖〜第4圖所示之本實施形態之液晶顯示元件1〇 中’由於像素的外周除了四邊的中央部的微小間隙（開口部 27)以外都被十字構造之壁面構造體的支柱15圍住，因此， 可限制注入像素内部之液晶的流動。因此，即使在按壓力 10 施加於顯示面或彎折元件時，亦可防止像素之顯示變化。 實際上，將本實施形態之液晶顯示元件10製作成像素 間距為0.24mm，開口部27為0.03mm，顯示尺寸為3.8叫·， 薄膜基板的厚度為〇.125mm，液晶層的厚度為4.0#m的膽 固醇液晶顯示元件，且對此實施實用試驗。結果’可以確 15 認該膽固醇液晶顯示元件即使彎折曲率半徑達6 0 m m也不 會在顯示上產生變化。就習知之第1圖所示之膽固醇液晶顯 示元件而言，光將元件拿在手上’顯示就會產生變化° 如上所述，藉由本實施形態之液晶顯示元件10，可實 現（可應用在電子紙之）具可撓性之選擇反射型液晶顯示元 20 件。 又，本實施形態之液晶顯示元件10如第2圖所示成為在 密封材料I3内側以與密封材料併用之形態配設有壁面構造 體17之構造。因此，在本實施形態之液晶顯示元件1〇中， 液晶不會潙到壁面構造體17外部，且不會像過去的液晶顯 17 ⑧ 顯；·、件有液^與密封材料13接觸的情況發生。過去的液晶 染’、、_為了避免液晶與密封材料接觸而被不純物質污 二必須在密封材料上使用昂責的材料。X，選定接著力 =為密封材料也不容易。· 、由於壁面構造體17為具接著力的材料，故本實施形態 之液日曰顯不兀件10亦可為省略密封材料13的構造。又，即 又為使用密封材料的構造，基於上述理由，也不需要限 雀封材料13。因此，藉由本實施形態之液晶顯示元件1〇 可只現便宜的液晶顯示元件。 10 [實施例1] 第5圖係顯示上述液晶顯示元件10中之支柱15的配置 圖案（支枝配置圖案）。在液晶顯示元件10中，像素25透過開 ,P 2 /、和其相鄰接的所有像素連結。然而，開口部27是 15 為了將液晶注入各像素25，且不一定要設在相鄰接之像素 25之間（不必利用開口部27來連結像素25與4個相鄰接的所 有像素）。 [實施例2] 第6圖係顯示液晶顯示元件10中之支柱配置圖案的其 他構造例。 在第6圖所示的例子中，像素25透過開口部27與相鄰接 的3個像素連結。因此，例如，像素25a與像素25b並未藉由 開口部27連結。第6圖所示之支柱構造係藉由在實施例1之 液曰曰曰1 貝不％件中進行形成圖案使左右相鄰接之支柱15相互 地連Μ來形成1時，在奇數行與偶數行中，使相連結之 18 支柱15朝左右僅移位i個。 [實施例3] 第7圖係顯示液晶顯示元件10中之支柱配置圖案的其 他構造例。 5 在第7圖所不的例子中，像素25透過開口部27與相鄰接 的2個像素連結。第7圖所示之支柱構造係藉由在實施例】之 液晶顯不το件中進行形成圖案使上下相鄰接之支柱15相互 地連結來形成。此時，在奇數列與偶數列中，使相連結之 支柱15朝上下僅移位1個。 10 在本實施例之液晶顯示元件的基本構造中，開口部27 愈少’則愈此限制注入像素25内之液晶的流動性，因此， 顯示變化對元件的彎折或給予顯示面的按壓力的耐性會愈 強。又’開口部27的間隙寬度愈小，愈能提高上述顯示變 化耐性。又，由於液晶在溫度高時，黏性會降低，因此， 15 在液晶注入步驟中宜加熱液晶。加壓也對縮短時間也很有 效0 [實施例4] 第8圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件1〇中之支柱 配置圖案的其他構造例。 20 該圖所示之支柱有4種，一種是大致L字形的支柱 35·4，其他3種則成為將該支柱35-1朝順時針旋轉90度、180 度、270度後的形狀。支柱35-2是旋轉90度，支柱35-3是旋 轉180度，支柱35-4是旋轉270度。 在本實施例中，將4種支柱35-1~35-4配置於像素25的四 19 ⑧ 邊。即’將支柱35-1、支柱35-2、支柱35-3、支柱35-4配設 於左上角、右上角、右下角、左下角。 由於用該等4種支柱35(35-1〜35-4)圍住像素25的外 周’因此’本實施例的開口部37係將實施例1的開口部27配 5置於朝上下或左右移動的位置。 在實施例1之支柱15的配置圖案中，由於開口部27朝上 下或左右直線地排列，因此，像素15内的液晶容易沿著該 直線方向流動。實際上，在試作實施例1的液晶顯示元件10 且加以實驗後，發現顯示會從開口部27直線地排列的部分 10 產生變化。 因此，藉由如第8圖所示形成支柱35之圖案使開口部37 不要直線地排列，可防止在實施例丨之液晶顯示元件1〇中變 成問題的顯示變化產生。 [實施例5] 15 第9圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件中之支柱配 置圖案的其他構造例。 實施例5係利用與實施例2相同的方法連結實施例4中 之相鄰接的支柱35。結果，像素仏會透過開口部37與左右 的像素25a、25d和下方的像素…連結，但未與上方的像素 20 25b連結。 如此來，K施例5中，各像素25係透過開口部37盥上 下左右相鄰接的4個像素内的3個像素連結。 ' [實施例6] 第1〇圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件中之支柱配 置圖案的其他構造例。 貫施例6係利用與實施例3相_方法連結實施例4中 之相鄰接的支柱35。結果，像素25a會透關口部37與左邊 的像素仏和下方的像素25e連結，但未與上方的像素25b及 右邊的像素25d連結。 如此一來，實施例6中，各像素25係透過開口部37與上 下左右相鄰接的4個像素内的2個像素連結。 貫施例5與實施例6之液晶顯示元件可較實施例4之液 晶顯示元件更有效地抑制像素25内部之液晶流動。 在上述實施例4〜6中之液晶層的情況下，若支柱很細， 則在微影成像步驟中會有欠缺圖案的一部分（例如細長的 刀）的情況發生，而有可能降低產量。例如，在支柱中， 當細長形狀部分的寬度約10# m、長度約150時，微影 成像步驟中所形成之支柱容易倒塌，且剝離的機率很高。 因此，試著將支柱改變成第11圖所示之形狀，則在微 影成像步驟中之顯像時可防止因剝離造成欠缺的情況發 生。 [實施例7] 第11圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件中之支柱配 置圖案的其他構造例。 實施例7之液晶層係成為交互地配置支柱45a與支枉 45b兩種支柱之圖案構造，支柱45b係藉由以支柱45a的中心 為軸將支柱45a依順時針旋轉度所得到的形狀。 在實施例7之液晶層中’由於相鄰接之像素的開口部 21 ⑧ 47並未直線地排列，因此，可抑制像素25内之液晶的流動 性。又，各個支柱45(45a、45b)為對稱性高的形狀（成為點 對稱的形狀），因此，在微影成像步驟中不易剝離。 [實施例8] 第12圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件中之支柱配 置圖案的其他構造例。 實施例8之液晶層係以與實施例5之液晶層相同的規則 來連結實施例7之液晶層中之2種支柱45a、45b。即，實施 例8之液晶層成為連結與統合實施例7之液晶層中橫向鄰接 的2個支柱45(支柱45a與支柱45b)之構造。 該相鄰接的2個支柱45(支柱45a與支柱45b)的連結與統 合在奇數行與偶數行中僅錯開1個。結果，所有奇數行具有 支柱451之相同配置圖案（第1配置圖案），且所有偶數行具有 支柱451之相同配置圖案（第2配置圖案）。 在實施例8之液晶層中，各像素25具有3個開口部47， 且透過開口部47與存在於左右及上或下的3個鄰接像素連 結。然而’由於奇數行與偶數行之開口部47的配列位置不 同，因此’像素25的開口部47並未直線地排列。因此，較 實施例7更可抑制像素25内之液晶的流動性。 [實施例9] 第13圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件中之支柱配 置圖案的其他構造例。 實施例9之液晶層係以與實施例6之液晶層相同的規則 來連結實施例7之液晶層中之2種支柱45a、45b。實施例9之 1345089 液晶層成為以縱向與橫向兩個方向連結與統合實施例7之 液晶層中的2種支柱45(支柱45a與支柱45b)之構造。具體而 言，隔著1個連結朝縱向配設之開口部47t，同時隔著1個連 結朝橫向配設之開口部47y。 5 如上所述，連結開口部47t與開口部47y的結果，實施 例9之液晶層的像素25會有2個開口部（開口部47t開口部 47y)。實施例9之液晶層的像素25係透過開口部（開口部47t 開口部47y)與左或右之相鄰接的像素和上或下之相鄰接的 像素2個像素連結。然而’該等開口部47並未直線地排列。 10因此，實施例9之液晶層的像素較實施例7之液晶層的像素 更可抑制内部之液晶的流動性。又，由於實施例9的像素之 開口部的數量較實施例8的像素少，因此，實施例9的像素 之所注入的液晶的流動性較實施例8的像素小。 [實施例10] 151345089 IX. Description of the invention: I: The technical field of the invention: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dot matrix type liquid crystal display device, and particularly to a liquid crystal display device which is excellent in flexibility. L. Prior Art 3 Background Art In the future, it is expected that electronic paper which can maintain display without a power source and can electrically rewrite display contents will rapidly spread. Electronic paper is realized by means of an electronically displayable book, a book, a magazine, a newspaper, etc., which is a printed matter of paper, and has good characteristics of a thin, light and easy-to-see paper print. The advantage of electronic paper over paper prints is that the display content (content) can be rewritten. Therefore, electronic paper is not lost when the paper print is used up. Therefore, it is very useful for reducing paper resource consumption when it is used instead of paper printed matter, and it is also very useful from the viewpoint of environmental protection. Electronic paper applications include electronic books, electronic newspapers, electronic posters, and electronic dictionaries. The characteristics required for electronic paper are as follows (1) to (5). (1) Rewriteable display data (2) Ultra low power consumption 20 (3) Good for eyes, not easy to fatigue (very easy to see) (4) Easy to carry (light and easy to carry) (5) Like paper Thin and foldable (lightweight and flexible) Electronic paper is researched and developed by electrophoresis or twist polarity, liquid crystal display or organic EL display. 5 Electrophoresis is a method in which charged particles move in air or in a liquid. The twist polarity mode is a method of rotating charged particles divided into two colors. An organic EL display (organic electric field light-emitting display) is a self-luminous type display in which a cathode and an anode are sandwiched by a plurality of films composed of an organic material. The liquid crystal display is a non-self-luminous type display having a configuration in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched by a pixel electrode and a counter electrode, respectively. The electronic paper consisting of a liquid crystal display utilizes the choice of double stability. Reflective cholesteric liquid crystal promotes research and development. Here, the double stability is a property in which the liquid crystal exhibits stability in two different directions, and the cholesteric liquid crystal has a planer and a focal conic for a long time even after the electric field is removed. The nature of a stable state. In the cholesterol liquid crystal, incident light generates interference reflection in a planar state, and incident light passes through in a vertical spiral state. Therefore, in the liquid crystal panel in which the liquid crystal layer uses the cholesteric liquid crystal, the light and darkness of the light can be reflected by the selective reflection of the incident light in the liquid crystal layer, so that the polarizing plate is not required. Another 'cholesterol liquid crystal is also called an optically active nematic liquid crystal. Cholesterol liquid crystals reflect color due to interference from liquid crystals, so 'colors can be achieved as long as they are laminated. Therefore, the liquid crystal display method using cholesteric liquid crystal (herein, referred to as cholesteric liquid crystal method for convenience) has an overwhelming advantage in terms of color display as compared with other methods such as the above-described electrophoresis method. In other cases, a filter coated with three colors must be disposed in each pixel, so that the brightness is only 1/3 compared to the cholesteric liquid crystal method. Therefore, in other modes, the improvement in brightness becomes a major problem in realizing electronic paper. As described above, the cholesteric liquid crystal method has the advantage of being the easiest to display in color, but whether or not the flexibility of the characteristics of the electronic paper can be imparted is the greatest problem. 0 The liquid crystal display element requires a uniform lattice with a plurality of gaps, generally, crystal The grid is formed by a structure in which a liquid crystal layer (several Vm) is sandwiched between upper and lower glass substrates. In a general TN (Twisted Nematic) or STN (Super Twisted Nematic) type liquid crystal panel, a liquid crystal display element using a thin film substrate made of a transparent special resin has been realized. (Plastic LCD). The plastic liquid crystal can be made thinner or lighter than the liquid crystal of the glass substrate, and has high durability and a high strength for bending. Therefore, it can be bent as freely as paper, so it is suitable for electronic paper. Here, a description will be given of a conventional configuration of a uniform lattice gap of a liquid crystal panel. Fig. 1 is an exploded view showing a lattice structure of a liquid crystal display element in which a dot matrix structure of a uniform lattice gap is realized by a pillar spacer. The liquid crystal display element shown in the figure has a structure in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a first substrate i (upper substrate) and a second substrate 2 (lower substrate). The liquid crystal layer is composed of a sealing material or an adhesive pillar 5 or the like. A plurality of transparent column electrodes (not shown) are formed on the surface of the first substrate i. Further, a plurality of transparent row electrodes perpendicularly intersecting the column electrodes are formed on the back surface of the second substrate 2 (not shown in FIG. 1, a liquid crystal layer side is formed on the first substrate 1 on which the column electrodes are formed. Material 3. The sealing material 3 is a thermosetting type or UV curing type adhesive prepared by printing, and constitutes an outer peripheral portion of the liquid crystal layer. In the pot of the sealing material 3, an opening is provided in the center of the side 3a, and the opening is provided. Both ends of the opening portion extend to form a liquid crystal population 4, that is, a portion of the 'sealing material 3 becomes a liquid crystal injection port 4' through which the liquid crystal is injected into a region surrounded by the sealing material 3. The region surrounded by the material 3 is formed with a plurality of pillars 5 which function as a separator of the liquid crystal layer. The pillars 5 are formed at four corners of each pixel of the liquid crystal layer. The pillars 5 are cylindrical and The member can be connected to the second substrate 2. Therefore, if the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 of the sealing material 3 and the adhesive pillar 5 are laminated, the first substrate and the second substrate 2 can be sealed. Material 3 and the adhesive pillar 5 Next, the sealing material 3 is, for example, a member which hardens after heating. In the liquid crystal display element of the above configuration in which the liquid crystal layer uses the selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal, the portion between the pixels in which the electrode is not disposed at the upper or lower opposite position is always present. In order to prevent the constant lighting to increase the contrast of the pixels, a black matrix 6 is formed on the second substrate 2. The black matrix 6 corresponds to no electrode (row electrode or column electrode) disposed above or below. a lattice pattern of a portion (four sides of a pixel) of the liquid crystal layer. In the liquid crystal display element of the above configuration, since the adhesive pillar 5 has a function of a spacer, the width between the first substrate 丨 and the second substrate 2 The (gap) can be maintained in a uniform pattern. The pillars such as the adhesive pillars 5 can be formed by a patterning method of the shape 1345089 in the lithography method disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 58-13515 or No. 8-76131. In the liquid crystal display device of the above configuration, by selectively injecting cholesteric liquid crystal from the injection port 4, a selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal display element can be realized. However, the selective reflection type of the liquid crystal liquid crystal display element can achieve only a uniform crystal lattice gap, and cannot provide flexibility. _ Since the liquid crystal is a liquid, if the liquid crystal panel is bent or the display surface is pressed, the The force applied by the action causes the liquid crystal to flow, and the display state changes. Since the display of the TN type or STN type liquid crystal panel is always electrically driven, even if the display state changes, it can be immediately restored to the original 10 However, the display of the cholesteric liquid crystal having memory is not restored until it is driven again. In the cholesteric liquid crystal display element, the method of forming the pillar of the susceptor pillar 5 as shown in Fig. 1 is, for example, It is disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2000-146527, but the main object of the invention disclosed in the publication is to ensure the uniformity of the lattice gap, and to maintain the cholesteric liquid crystal when the liquid crystal panel is bent or pressed against the display surface thereof. Shows the memory of the component. When the selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal is applied to electronic paper, the biggest problem is that the structure of the display is not changed even if the electronic paper is pressed or bent. .20 When a liquid crystal lattice having the pillar structure shown in Fig. 1 is produced using a film substrate of 0.125 // m, the light is held on the hand and the display changes. The pillar structure of the liquid crystal lattice requires a strong frame in order to avoid display changes, and therefore the liquid crystal lattice cannot be applied to flexible electronic paper. The inventors have found by experimentation that a liquid crystal lattice using a liquid crystal of a cholesteric alcohol having a conventional pillar structure changes its display due to the force of pressing the display surface thereof. This configuration has been disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei. No. 16-82380. The reason for the above display change is the fluidity of the liquid crystal caused by the pressing force applied to the display surface or the test of the liquid crystal B. By suppressing the fluidity, the problem of display change can be solved. The separator structure using a cylinder or a corner column does not inhibit the fluidity of the liquid crystal. Although the pillars of the stripe structure which can achieve uniform lattice gap are also mentioned, the liquid crystal in this structure is liable to flow. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei No. Hei. No. Hei. 16·8238〇号的发明发明; 3 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to realize a liquid crystal display element which does not change the matrix structure of display even if the display surface or the bending element is pressed. The present invention is based on the premise of a matrix mode m贞* element, wherein the crystal display element comprises: a first substrate, which is provided with a first electrode; a second; a plate, which is provided with a second electrode; and a liquid crystal panel, The structure is formed by a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. In the liquid crystal display device of the first aspect of the invention, the liquid material has: a first wall structure body disposed on a side surface of each side of each pixel _ having an adhesiveness; and a second wall surface structure; It is provided around the first wall and the structure and has an adhesive property. 1345089 In the first aspect of the liquid crystal display device, since the first and second wall structures have the adhesiveness, the wall structures have the function of a separator, and the uniformity of the lattice gap can be improved, and the liquid crystal layer can be improved. The pressure resistance and the impact resistance of the liquid crystal display element. The second aspect of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a plurality of the aforementioned liquid crystal panels laminated in the first aspect. In the liquid crystal display device of the second sad type, since a plurality of liquid crystal panels are laminated, the color display can be achieved by making the display colors of the respective liquid crystal panels different. A liquid crystal display device according to a third aspect of the present invention, wherein the first wall surface structure has an opening portion for connecting between adjacent pixels. In the liquid crystal display device of the third aspect, since the adjacent pixels are connected through the opening, the opening is utilized as an injection path of the liquid crystal, whereby the liquid crystal is injected into all the pixels in the liquid crystal layer. In the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect of the invention, the pixel is rectangular. In this case, the opening portion is provided, for example, on the side walls of at least two sides of each pixel. In the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect of the invention, the opening portion is disposed, for example, in a non-linear manner in the longitudinal direction. In the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect of the invention, the opening portion is disposed, for example, in a non-linear manner in the lateral direction. In the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect of the invention, the opening portion is disposed, for example, in a non-linear manner in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction. 8 1345089 A liquid crystal display device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect, wherein the first wall structure system surrounds all of the side faces of the pixels. In this case, for example, the liquid crystal in the pixel surrounded by the first wall surface structure in the liquid crystal layer is formed by dropping. 5 In the liquid crystal display device of the fourth aspect, a liquid crystal display element can be produced by dropping liquid crystal, injecting liquid crystal into all the pixels in the liquid crystal layer, and bonding the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal display element of the fourth aspect does not have an opening portion between adjacent pixels, so that the fluidity of the liquid crystal in the pixel can be completely prevented. Further, it is also possible to increase the volume and surface area of the first wall structure. Therefore, the liquid crystal display element of the third aspect can improve the pressing force against the display surface. In a liquid crystal display device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect, a sealing material is disposed on the outer surface of the second wall surface. At this time, for example, the liquid crystal injected into the liquid crystal layer 15 of the liquid crystal panel is injected only into the region surrounded by the second wall surface structure. In the liquid crystal display device of the fifth aspect, since the liquid crystal is not in contact with the sealing material, it is possible to prevent the liquid crystal from being contaminated by the sealing material. Therefore, the selection of the sealing material can be increased, and an inexpensive material or a material having a strong adhesion can be used as the sealing material. In the liquid crystal display device of the sixth aspect of the invention, in the liquid crystal display device of the first or second aspect, the sealing material is not disposed on the outer periphery of the second wall surface structure. In this case, for example, the first substrate and the second substrate are fixed next to each other by the first and second wall structures. In the liquid crystal display device of the sixth aspect, the sealing material can be omitted. The fourth embodiment is an arrangement structure of the openings of the pixels provided between the pillars in the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. Fig. 5 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in the first embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment. Fig. 6 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in the second embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment. Fig. 7 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in the third embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. The figure 8 shows the pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer 10 in the fourth embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. Fig. 9 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in the embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. The figure 10 shows a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in Embodiment 6 of the liquid crystal display element. Fig. 15 shows a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in the seventh embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. The figure 12 shows a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in the eighth embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment. Fig. 13 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Embodiment 9 20 of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention. Fig. 14 is an exploded view showing the overall configuration of the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment which does not have the liquid crystal layer of Example 1. Figure 15 is a pattern of a wall structure in a liquid crystal layer of Example 1 of the present invention. Fig. 16 is a view showing the use of a selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal color & section. - Figures 17(a) to 17(8) are the pillar arrangement patterns of the 6 (& color) display panel, the G (green) display panel, and the R (red) display panel in the color liquid crystal display element of the eleventh embodiment, respectively. . [The real package cold type 3 EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION In the following, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 2 to Fig. 3 are views showing a lattice structure of a matrix type liquid crystal display element using a cholesteric liquid crystal according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is an exploded view showing the overall structure of the above-described liquid crystal display element, and FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement structure of the pillars in the liquid crystal display element of the above-described embodiment. In the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment, an arrangement structure of the openings provided between the pillars is shown. First, the overall structure of the matrix type liquid crystal display device (hereinafter simply referred to as a liquid crystal display element) of the present embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 2 . In Fig. 2, the symbol of the component element _ is the same as the item. The lattice structure of the matrix type liquid crystal display element 1A of the present embodiment shown in Fig. 2 is different from the shape of the pillar (adjacent pillar) 15 in the liquid crystal layer, which is different from the past. The pillar 15 provided in the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display element 1 has a cross-sectional wall structure (first wall structure) having a cross section, and is produced by, for example, a lithography method. The post 15 is a 1345089 material having properties subsequent to the opposing second substrate 2. The pillars 15 are provided on the four sides of each pixel. Further, the partition member of the liquid crystal layer may be used in combination with the past spherical member or the scaly separator. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing an arrangement form (arrangement pattern) of the master 15 . The portion where the column electrode 21 intersects with the f-pole (scanning electrode) 23 becomes the image 25, and the pillars 15 are provided on the four sides of the pixel 25. On the outer periphery of all the pillars 15, a wall structure (second wall structure) 17 which can define a frame in which the liquid crystal is to be injected (liquid crystal injection field) is disposed. The entire wall of the wall structure body is substantially rectangular, and a liquid crystal injection port 14 is provided at the center of one of the side faces 17a. That is, the injection port 14 becomes a portion of the wall structure 17. This wall 10-sided structure I7 is a member having an adhesive property. The pillars and the wall structure may also be the same-members. In this case, the two may be simultaneously formed by the lithography imaging step. The sealing material 13 is disposed only outside the wall structure 17 with a predetermined distance therebetween. The sealing material 13 is disposed on the outer periphery of the crystal lattice of the liquid crystal display element. In the fifteenth embodiment, when the substrate 1 and the substrate 2 are bonded together, the adhesive wall structure 17 and the sealing material 13 can be attached. As described above, since the selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal is always lit with no gap portion between the pixels, it is necessary to provide a black matrix. Therefore, the present embodiment also provides a black matrix on the inside of the second substrate 2 (refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 2). As shown in Fig. 3, the black matrix 6 is provided at a position overlapping the pillar 15 in the longitudinal direction (the direction perpendicular to the display surface). As shown in Fig. 4, the adjacent pixels 25 are connected to each other through the opening 27 provided between the pillars 15. The opening portion 27 is provided for injecting liquid crystal into all of the pixels 25 of the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal is implanted by, for example, a vacuum injection method, 16 6 1345089. However, in the lattice structure of the liquid crystal display element ίο of the present embodiment, since the branch 15 has a cross shape, the opening portion 27 between the connection pixels 25 can be made extremely small. ' & + In this way, when the opening portion 27 is extremely small, the pillar 5 1 can be used instead of the color matrix. Therefore, the black matrix 6 can be omitted. ^ This embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 In the liquid crystal display element 1', since the outer periphery of the pixel is surrounded by the pillar 15 of the wall structure of the cross structure except for the minute gap (opening 27) at the central portion of the four sides, the liquid crystal injected into the inside of the pixel can be restricted. flow. Therefore, even when the pressing force 10 is applied to the display surface or the bending member, the display change of the pixels can be prevented. Actually, the liquid crystal display element 10 of the present embodiment has a pixel pitch of 0.24 mm, an opening portion 27 of 0.03 mm, a display size of 3.8 Å, a film substrate thickness of 〇.125 mm, and a liquid crystal layer thickness of 4.0#. A cholesteric liquid crystal display element of m, and a practical test was carried out on this. As a result, it was confirmed that the cholesteric liquid crystal display element did not change in display even if the bending radius of curvature was 60 m. In the conventional cholesteric liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 1, the light is placed on the hand to cause a change in display. As described above, the liquid crystal display element 10 of the present embodiment can be realized (applicable in E-paper) 20 flexible reflective liquid crystal display elements. Further, as shown in Fig. 2, the liquid crystal display element 10 of the present embodiment has a structure in which the wall surface structure 17 is disposed inside the sealing material I3 in combination with the sealing material. Therefore, in the liquid crystal display element 1 of the present embodiment, the liquid crystal does not protrude outside the wall structure 17, and does not appear as in the past liquid crystal display; the case where the liquid is in contact with the sealing material 13 occur. In the past, liquid crystal dyes, _, in order to avoid contact between the liquid crystal and the sealing material, were contaminated with impurities. X, selected adhesion force = is not easy to seal the material. In addition, since the wall structure 17 is a material having an adhesive force, the liquid material display 10 of the present embodiment may have a structure in which the sealing material 13 is omitted. Further, in other words, the structure using the sealing material is not required to limit the sealing material 13 for the above reasons. Therefore, the liquid crystal display element 1 of the present embodiment can be used only as an inexpensive liquid crystal display element. [Embodiment 1] Fig. 5 shows an arrangement pattern (branch arrangement pattern) of the pillars 15 in the liquid crystal display element 10 described above. In the liquid crystal display element 10, the pixel 25 is opened, P 2 /, and all pixels adjacent thereto are connected. However, the opening portion 27 is 15 for injecting liquid crystal into each of the pixels 25, and is not necessarily provided between the adjacent pixels 25 (it is not necessary to use the opening portion 27 to connect the pixels 25 to all of the four adjacent pixels). [Embodiment 2] Fig. 6 is a view showing another configuration example of a pillar arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element 10. In the example shown in Fig. 6, the pixel 25 is connected to the adjacent three pixels through the opening 27. Therefore, for example, the pixel 25a and the pixel 25b are not connected by the opening portion 27. The pillar structure shown in Fig. 6 is formed by patterning in the liquid helium 1 of the first embodiment, so that the left and right adjacent pillars 15 are connected to each other to form one, in odd rows and In the even rows, the 18 pillars 15 connected to each other are shifted by only one to the left and right. [Embodiment 3] Fig. 7 is a view showing another configuration example of the pillar arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element 10. 5 In the example shown in Fig. 7, the pixel 25 is connected to the adjacent two pixels through the opening 27. The pillar structure shown in Fig. 7 is formed by patterning the liquid crystal display members of the embodiment so that the pillars 15 adjacent to each other are connected to each other. At this time, in the odd-numbered columns and the even-numbered columns, the connected pillars 15 are shifted by only one vertical direction. In the basic configuration of the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment, the less the opening portion 27, the more the flowability of the liquid crystal injected into the pixel 25 is restricted, so that the display changes the bending of the element or the pressing force applied to the display surface. The patience will be stronger. Further, the smaller the gap width of the opening portion 27, the more the display change resistance can be improved. Further, since the viscosity of the liquid crystal is lowered at a high temperature, it is preferable to heat the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal injection step. The pressurization is also effective for shortening the time. [Embodiment 4] Fig. 8 is a view showing another example of the structure of the pillar arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element 1 of the present embodiment. 20 There are four types of pillars shown in the figure, one is a substantially L-shaped pillar 35·4, and the other three have a shape in which the pillar 35-1 is rotated clockwise by 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees. The strut 35-2 is rotated by 90 degrees, the strut 35-3 is rotated by 180 degrees, and the strut 35-4 is rotated by 270 degrees. In the present embodiment, the four types of pillars 35-1 to 35-4 are arranged on the side of the four 19 8 of the pixel 25. That is, the support 35-1, the support 35-2, the support 35-3, and the support 35-4 are disposed in the upper left corner, the upper right corner, the lower right corner, and the lower left corner. Since the four kinds of pillars 35 (35-1 to 35-4) surround the outer circumference of the pixel 25, the opening portion 37 of the present embodiment places the opening portion 27 of the first embodiment up and down or left and right. The location of the move. In the arrangement pattern of the pillars 15 of the first embodiment, since the openings 27 are linearly arranged upward or downward or left and right, the liquid crystal in the pixels 15 easily flows in the linear direction. Actually, after the liquid crystal display element 10 of the first embodiment was tried and tested, it was found that the portion 10 which was linearly arranged from the opening portion 27 was changed. Therefore, by forming the pattern of the pillars 35 as shown in Fig. 8, the openings 37 are not linearly arranged, and it is possible to prevent a display change which becomes a problem in the liquid crystal display element 1 of the embodiment. [Embodiment 5] Fig. 9 is a view showing another example of the structure of a pillar arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, the adjacent pillars 35 in the fourth embodiment were joined in the same manner as in the second embodiment. As a result, the pixel 连结 is connected to the left and right pixels 25a and 25d and the lower pixel through the opening 37, but is not connected to the upper pixel 20 25b. As described above, in the fifth embodiment, each of the pixels 25 is connected through three pixels in the four pixels adjacent to each other in the upper and lower sides of the opening 37. [Embodiment 6] Fig. 1 is a view showing another example of the structure of a pillar arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. According to the sixth embodiment, the adjacent pillars 35 of the fourth embodiment are joined by the method of the third embodiment. As a result, the pixel 25a is connected to the left pixel 仏 and the lower pixel 25e through the gate portion 37, but is not connected to the upper pixel 25b and the right pixel 25d. As described above, in the sixth embodiment, each of the pixels 25 is connected to the two pixels in the four pixels adjacent to the upper, lower, left, and right through the opening 37. The liquid crystal display elements of the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment can suppress the liquid crystal flow inside the pixel 25 more effectively than the liquid crystal display element of the fourth embodiment. In the case of the liquid crystal layers in the above-described Embodiments 4 to 6, if the pillars are fine, a part of the missing pattern (e.g., a slender knife) may occur in the lithography imaging step, and it is possible to reduce the yield. For example, in the struts, when the elongated shape portion has a width of about 10 #m and a length of about 150, the struts formed in the lithography forming step are liable to collapse, and the probability of peeling is high. Therefore, by changing the shape of the pillar to the shape shown in Fig. 11, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a defect due to peeling during development in the lithography imaging step. [Embodiment 7] Fig. 11 is a view showing another example of the structure of a pillar arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment. The liquid crystal layer of the seventh embodiment has a pattern structure in which the pillars 45a and the support 45b are alternately arranged, and the pillar 45b has a shape obtained by rotating the pillar 45a clockwise by the center of the pillar 45a. In the liquid crystal layer of the seventh embodiment, since the openings 21 8 47 of the adjacent pixels are not linearly arranged, the fluidity of the liquid crystal in the pixels 25 can be suppressed. Further, since each of the pillars 45 (45a, 45b) has a highly symmetrical shape (a point-symmetric shape), it is not easily peeled off in the lithography imaging step. [Embodiment 8] Fig. 12 is a view showing another example of the structure of a pillar arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment. The liquid crystal layer of Example 8 was bonded to the two types of pillars 45a and 45b of the liquid crystal layer of Example 7 by the same rules as those of the liquid crystal layer of Example 5. In other words, the liquid crystal layer of the eighth embodiment has a structure in which two pillars 45 (pillars 45a and pillars 45b) adjacent to each other in the liquid crystal layer of the integrated embodiment 7 are connected. The connection and integration of the two adjacent pillars 45 (the pillars 45a and the pillars 45b) are shifted by only one in the odd-numbered rows and the even-numbered rows. As a result, all of the odd rows have the same arrangement pattern (first arrangement pattern) of the pillars 451, and all the even rows have the same arrangement pattern (second arrangement pattern) of the pillars 451. In the liquid crystal layer of the eighth embodiment, each of the pixels 25 has three openings 47, and the transmission opening 47 is connected to three adjacent pixels existing on the left and right and up or down. However, since the arrangement positions of the odd-numbered rows and the even-numbered rows of the opening portions 47 are different, the opening portions 47 of the 'pixels 25 are not linearly arranged. Therefore, the fluidity of the liquid crystal in the pixel 25 can be suppressed more than in the seventh embodiment. [Embodiment 9] Fig. 13 is a view showing another example of the structure of a pillar arrangement pattern in the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment. The liquid crystal layer of Example 9 was bonded to the two types of pillars 45a and 45b of the liquid crystal layer of Example 7 by the same rules as those of the liquid crystal layer of Example 6. In the first embodiment, the liquid crystal layer was bonded to the two types of the pillars 45 (the pillars 45a and the pillars 45b) of the liquid crystal layer of the seventh embodiment in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction. Specifically, the opening 47t that is disposed in the vertical direction is connected via one opening, and the opening 47y that is disposed in the lateral direction is interposed therebetween. As described above, as a result of connecting the opening portion 47t and the opening portion 47y, the pixel 25 of the liquid crystal layer of the ninth embodiment has two openings (the opening portion 47t opening portion 47y). The pixel 25 of the liquid crystal layer of the ninth embodiment is connected to the left or right adjacent pixel through the opening (opening 47t opening 47y) and the pixel adjacent to the upper or lower pixel. However, the openings 47 are not linearly arranged. Therefore, the pixel of the liquid crystal layer of Example 9 can suppress the fluidity of the liquid crystal inside more than the pixel of the liquid crystal layer of Example 7. Further, since the number of the openings of the pixel of the ninth embodiment is smaller than that of the eighth embodiment, the liquid crystal injected into the pixel of the ninth embodiment is smaller than the pixel of the eighth embodiment. [Embodiment 10] 15
第14圖係顯示具有其他構造之液晶層之本實施形熊之 液晶顯示元件之整體構造的分解圖。 在第14圖所示之液晶顯示元件50中，與第2圖之液曰县 示兀件10所具有之構成要素相同的構造的構成要素則賦予 相同符號。 2〇 液晶顯示元件的特徵是在液晶層中並非利用門 汗J 部 連結像素55之間。即，如第15圖所示’在液晶顯示元件沁 中，液晶層的像素55由具接著性之壁面構造體（第—壁面構 造體)59封閉四邊。即，各像素55成為由壁面構造體（第—辟 面構造體)59覆蓋周圍之側面全部而不與相鄰接之像素^ 23 結之構造。因此，町完全地防止像素55内之液晶的流動性。 又’在第一壁面構造體59外周配設矩形的第二壁面構造體 57。第二壁面構造體57也具有接著性。第一壁面構造體59 與第二壁面構造體57為同一構件，且由相同步驟形成。又， 在第二壁面構造體57外周配設矩形的密封材料54。第一及 第二壁面構造體(59、57)與密封材料54可使用同一構件，也 可由相同步驟形成。 在實施例10之液晶顯示元件50的製造步驟中，對像素 55的液晶注入係例如藉由將液晶滴下至像素55來進行。並 且，在對像素55内的液晶注入結束後，利用壁面構造體57、 59與密封材料54貼合基板1與基板2(接合）’以製作出液晶晶 格。 實施例10亦成為注入像素内的液晶不與密封材料5 4接 觸之構造，此係由於僅將液晶滴下至第一及第二壁面構造 體59、57内部或第一壁面構造體59内部即可之故。因此， 密封材料54可使用便宜的材料或接著性高的材料。所以， 由於第一及第二壁面構造體(59、57)具有接著性’故亦可省 略密封材料54。 但，在將液晶（膽固醇液晶）滴下至上述像素然後貼合2 個基板之步驟中，氣泡有可能會進入液晶。因此，液晶之 滴下及基板之貼合宜在真空中實施。 實施例10之液晶顯示元件50亦可藉由在製造實施例 1~9之液晶顯示元件的步驟中追加新的步驟來製造。例如， 在實施例1~9之液晶顯示元件的製造步驟中，在將液晶注入 1345089 像素後，進行封閉開口部之步驟。此時’例如，儘可能縮 小開口部，且在注入液晶後，藉由加熱與加壓推散壁面構 造體(使其膨脹)至封閉開口部為止。 [實施例11] 5 第16圖及第17圖係顯示本發明之實施例11之彩色液晶 顯示元件的主要部分。第16圖係使用選擇反射型之膽固醇 液晶之彩色液晶顯不元件的的橫截面。 如該圖所示，實施例11之彩色液晶顯示元件成為依序 積層R(紅色）顯示面板（液晶面板)610、G(綠色）顯示面板（液 10晶面板)620及B(藍色）顯示面板（液晶面板)630之構造，b顯 示面板630成為最上層。 R顯示面板610、G顯示面板620及3顯示面板63〇分別具 有第17(&)圖~第17(幻圖所示之支柱配置圖案β即，R顯示面 板610、G顯示面板620及Β顯示面板63〇具有實施例丨之支柱 15配置圖案（參照第5圖）、實施例4之支柱配置圖案（參照第8 圖）及實施例4之支柱配置圖案。但，6顯示面板63〇之支柱 配置圖案為實施例4之支桎圖案變形後的構造。藉此，〇顯 示面板620與Β顯示面板630之間成為支柱間之開口部不會 朝縱向（與顯示面垂直的方向）直線地配置之構造。 20 設成上述構造係由於若將3個面板610~630之液晶層的 支柱配置圖案全部設為實施例丨的構造，則在縱向上相鄰接 之RGB之各面板的開口部會直線地配置之故。由於支柱間 之開口部中的液晶會成為常時點亮狀態，因此’一旦RGB 之各面板的開口部在縱向上直線地配置，則對利用者的眼 25 睛而言會看成RGB3色全部亮燈，因此，顯賴比會下降。 因此，將必須在開口部的位置設置黑色矩陣。在本實施例 中，如上所述，由於在不使^顯示面板62〇之開口部與B顯 示面板630之開口部朝縱向直線地配置上下了功夫，因此不 5 需要黑色矩陣。 即’如第16圖所示，使尺顯示面板61〇之像素25R之間 的開口部617、G顯示面板620之像素25G之間的開口部627 及B顯示面板630之像素25B之間的開口部637在縱向上不 要直線地配置。故，若支柱不是完全的透明體，則可減輕 10下層面板(本實施例中為R顯示面板610與σ顯示面板620)之 開口部（617、627)中之點亮狀態所產生的雜訊光。若支柱的 透明度變低，則亦可僅使最上層面板(本實施例中為Β顯示 面板630)之開口部637相對於下層面板（61〇、620)之開口部 (617、627)不要配置在於縱向（正上方）上的位置。 15 在設為不設置黑色矩陣之構造時，雖然最上層面板之 像素的開口部成為點亮狀態，但在本實施例中將最上層面 板設為人類的眼睛對光波長的感度特性較低的Β(藍色）顯 示面板630。因此，在本實施例之彩色液晶顯示元件中，即 使省略黑色矩陣’也可減低彩色液晶顯示元件之顯示特性 20 的低劣，且其顯示性能會成為實用上沒有問題的程度。因 此，藉由本貫施例之衫色液晶顯不元件，可實現省去專色 矩陣之便宜的彩色液晶顯示元件。 在上述各實施例中，可想而知開口部愈少，液晶的注 入時間則愈長’但在注入液晶時，若提高液晶的溫度使液 26 1345089 晶的黏度降低，則可在程序上不會有問題的時間之内製作 出液晶顯不元件。 如上所述，根據本發明之實施形態，在具雙安定性之 膽固醇液晶顯示元件中，可防止按壓顯示面使顯示狀態改 5 變的問題。又，由於耐按壓或耐彎折強度提高，因此，可 賦予膽固醇液晶顯示元件可撓性。又，由於不需要黑色矩 陣，因此，可實現便宜的膽固醇液晶顯示元件。又，由於 液晶不會碰到密封材料，因此，密封材料可使用便宜的材 料。又，也可藉由提高位於支柱外周之壁面構造體的接著 10 力來省略密封材料。如此一來，可提供更便宜的膽固醇液 晶顯示元件。又，雖然第二壁面構造體為大致矩形的包圍 構造，但在併用密封材料時，也可不是包圍構造。再者， 此時，第二壁面構造體亦可與配置於各像素之第一壁面構 造體的形狀一致。雖未圖示，但像素端列的第一壁面構造 15 體與像素周圍的第二壁面構造體宜互相接觸。藉由第二壁 面構造體可降低液晶的流動性。 但，雖然上述實施例的支柱皆為以十字形為基本的形 狀且成為可使開口率最大的形狀，但本發明之支柱的形狀 並不限於實施例所示之形狀。例如，可考慮十字形變形後 20 的形狀等各種形狀。又，與相鄰接之像素的開口部不一定 要是1個。亦可在與相鄰接之像素之間設置多數小的開口 部。再者，亦可在像素内部併設圓柱或角柱。若設成該構 造，則除了可防止液晶流動以外，也可期待縮小像素的變 形之相乘效果。 27 ⑧ 1345089 又，亦可併用壁面構造與習知型之分隔件。 又，雖然上述實施例單純為矩陣方式之液晶顯示元 件，但本發明亦可輕易地適用於主動矩陣方式之液晶顯示 元件。又，雖然上述實施例之像素形狀為矩形，但本發明 5 之像素形狀並不限於矩形，亦可為其他形狀。 又，再者，本發明除了膽固醇液晶顯示元件以外，亦 可適用於使用具有顯示記憶性的其他液晶之液晶顯示元 件。 本發明由於可撓性佳，且耐衝擊性或對顯示面之耐按 10 壓性良好，故相當適合電子紙之顯示元件。 產業上之可利用性 本發明除了電子紙之顯示元件以外，亦適用於電子書 籍、電子報、電子海報、還有PDA(Personal Data Assistant) 等攜帶型終端或手錶等需要可撓性之攜帶型機器的顯示元 15 件。又，亦可適用於將來可實現之紙張型電腦的顯示器的 顯示元件或裝飾在店面等的陳列用顯示器等各種領域的顯 示機器。 I：圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係顯示利用支柱分隔件實現均一的晶格間隙之 20 習知點矩陣構造的液晶顯不元件之晶格構造的分解圖。 第2圖係顯示本發明實施形態之液晶顯示元件的整體 構造之分解圖。 第3圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件中之支柱的 配置構造之模式圖。 ⑧ 28 1345089 弟4圖係本貫施形態之液晶顯示元件中設於支柱間之 像素的開口部的配置構造。 第5圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例1中 之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 5 第6圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例2中 之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 第7圖係顯示本貫施形邊之液晶顯示元件之實施例3中 之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 第8圖係顯示本貫施形悲之液晶顯示元件之實施例4中 10 之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 第9圖係顯示本貫施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例5中 之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 第1 〇圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例6 中之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 15 第11圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例7 中之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 第I2圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例8 中之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 第13圖係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示元件之實施例9 20 中之液晶層的支柱配置圖案。 第Μ圖係顯示具有實施例1〇之液晶層之本實施形態之 液晶顯示元件之整體構造的分解圖。 第15圖係顯示實施例1〇之液晶層中之壁面構造體的圖 案0 ⑧ 29 1345089 第16圖係本發明之實施例11之使用選擇反射型之膽固 醇液晶之彩色液晶顯示元件的的橫截面。 第17(a)圖〜第17(c)圖分別為實施例11之彩色液晶顯示 元件中之B(藍色）顯示面板、G(綠色）顯示面板及R(紅色）顯 示面板之支柱配置圖案。 【圖式之主要元件代表符號表】Fig. 14 is an exploded view showing the entire configuration of a liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment having a liquid crystal layer of another configuration. In the liquid crystal display element 50 shown in Fig. 14, the same components as those of the liquid crystal display element 10 of Fig. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals. 2) The liquid crystal display element is characterized in that the liquid crystal layer is not connected between the pixels 55 by the gate K portion. That is, as shown in Fig. 15, in the liquid crystal display element ,, the pixels 55 of the liquid crystal layer are closed by the wall structure (the first wall structure) 59 having the adhesion. In other words, each of the pixels 55 has a structure in which all of the side surfaces of the periphery are covered by the wall surface structure (the first surface structure) 59 without being connected to the adjacent pixels 23 . Therefore, the town completely prevents the fluidity of the liquid crystal in the pixel 55. Further, a rectangular second wall structure 57 is disposed on the outer circumference of the first wall structure 59. The second wall structure 57 also has an adhesive property. The first wall structure 59 and the second wall structure 57 are the same member and are formed by the same steps. Further, a rectangular sealing material 54 is disposed on the outer circumference of the second wall surface structure 57. The first and second wall structures (59, 57) and the sealing material 54 may be of the same member or may be formed by the same steps. In the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display element 50 of the tenth embodiment, the liquid crystal injection of the pixel 55 is performed, for example, by dropping the liquid crystal to the pixel 55. Then, after the liquid crystal injection in the pixel 55 is completed, the substrate 1 and the substrate 2 (joined) are bonded together by the wall structures 57 and 59 and the sealing material 54 to form a liquid crystal cell. In the embodiment 10, the liquid crystal injected into the pixel is not in contact with the sealing material 54. This is because only the liquid crystal is dropped into the inside of the first and second wall structures 59, 57 or the inside of the first wall structure 59. The reason. Therefore, the sealing material 54 can use an inexpensive material or a material having high adhesion. Therefore, since the first and second wall structures (59, 57) have an adhesive property, the sealing material 54 can be omitted. However, in the step of dropping liquid crystal (cholesterol liquid crystal) to the above-mentioned pixels and then bonding the two substrates, bubbles may enter the liquid crystal. Therefore, the adhesion of the liquid crystal and the bonding of the substrate are preferably carried out in a vacuum. The liquid crystal display element 50 of the tenth embodiment can also be manufactured by adding a new step to the steps of manufacturing the liquid crystal display elements of the first to ninth embodiments. For example, in the manufacturing steps of the liquid crystal display elements of Examples 1 to 9, the step of closing the opening is performed after the liquid crystal is injected into 1,345,089 pixels. At this time, for example, the opening portion is made as small as possible, and after the liquid crystal is injected, the wall surface structure is pushed (expanded) by heating and pressurization until the opening portion is closed. [Embodiment 11] Fig. 16 and Fig. 17 show main parts of a color liquid crystal display element of Embodiment 11 of the present invention. Fig. 16 is a cross section of a color liquid crystal display element using a selective reflection type of liquid crystal liquid crystal. As shown in the figure, the color liquid crystal display element of the eleventh embodiment is a sequential laminated R (red) display panel (liquid crystal panel) 610, G (green) display panel (liquid 10 crystal panel) 620, and B (blue) display. The structure of the panel (liquid crystal panel) 630, and the b display panel 630 is the uppermost layer. The R display panel 610, the G display panel 620, and the display panel 63 are respectively provided with a 17th (&) to a 17th (the pillar arrangement pattern β shown in the magic diagram, that is, the R display panel 610, the G display panel 620, and the Β The display panel 63A has the pillar 15 arrangement pattern of the embodiment (see FIG. 5), the pillar arrangement pattern of the fourth embodiment (see FIG. 8), and the pillar arrangement pattern of the fourth embodiment. However, the display panel 63 is provided. The pillar arrangement pattern is a structure in which the support pattern of the fourth embodiment is deformed. Thereby, the opening between the pillar display panel 620 and the pupil display panel 630 is not linearly oriented in the longitudinal direction (the direction perpendicular to the display surface). In the above-described structure, when all of the pillar arrangement patterns of the liquid crystal layers of the three panels 610 to 630 are used as the structure of the embodiment, the openings of the respective RGB panels adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction are provided. Since the liquid crystal in the opening between the pillars is always in a state of being lit, "the opening of each of the RGB panels is linearly arranged in the longitudinal direction, and the eye of the user is Will be seen as RGB3 color all The lamp, therefore, the display ratio is lowered. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a black matrix at the position of the opening portion. In the present embodiment, as described above, since the opening portion of the display panel 62 and the B display panel 630 are not caused. Since the opening portion is arranged linearly in the vertical direction, the black matrix is not required. That is, as shown in Fig. 16, the opening portion 617 between the pixels 25R of the rule display panel 61 and the pixel of the G display panel 620 are displayed. The opening portion 637 between the opening portion 627 between the 25G and the pixel 25B of the B display panel 630 is not linearly arranged in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, if the pillar is not a completely transparent body, the lower panel can be reduced by 10 (in this embodiment) It is the noise light generated by the lighting state in the opening portions (617, 627) of the R display panel 610 and the σ display panel 620). If the transparency of the pillars is low, only the uppermost panel may be used (this embodiment) The opening portion 637 of the middle display panel 630) is not disposed in the vertical direction (directly above) with respect to the opening portions (617, 627) of the lower panel (61〇, 620). 15 It is set to not set the black matrix. When constructing, although the top layer In the present embodiment, the uppermost panel is a neon (blue) display panel 630 having a low sensitivity characteristic to the light wavelength of the human eye. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the present embodiment is used. In the color liquid crystal display element, even if the black matrix ' is omitted, the display characteristics 20 of the color liquid crystal display element can be reduced, and the display performance can be practically not problematic. Therefore, the shirt color liquid crystal by the present embodiment In the above embodiments, it is conceivable that the smaller the number of openings, the longer the injection time of the liquid crystal is, but the liquid crystal is injected into the liquid crystal. Increasing the temperature of the liquid crystal lowers the viscosity of the liquid 26 1345089 crystal, and the liquid crystal display element can be produced within a time period in which the process is not problematic. As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in the double-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal display element, the problem that the display surface is pressed to change the display state can be prevented. Further, since the pressing resistance or the bending strength is improved, the cholesteric liquid crystal display element can be made flexible. Further, since a black matrix is not required, an inexpensive cholesterol liquid crystal display element can be realized. Further, since the liquid crystal does not hit the sealing material, an inexpensive material can be used for the sealing material. Further, the sealing material may be omitted by increasing the force of the wall structure located on the outer periphery of the pillar. As a result, a cheaper cholesterol liquid crystal display element can be provided. Further, although the second wall structure has a substantially rectangular surrounding structure, it may not be a surrounding structure when the sealing material is used in combination. Further, at this time, the second wall surface structure may conform to the shape of the first wall surface structure disposed in each pixel. Although not shown, the first wall surface structure 15 of the pixel end row and the second wall surface structure around the pixel are preferably in contact with each other. The fluidity of the liquid crystal can be lowered by the second wall structure. However, although the pillars of the above-described embodiments are all in the shape of a cross shape and have a shape which maximizes the aperture ratio, the shape of the pillar of the present invention is not limited to the shape shown in the embodiment. For example, various shapes such as the shape of the cross-shaped deformation 20 can be considered. Further, the number of the openings of the adjacent pixels is not necessarily one. It is also possible to provide a plurality of small openings between adjacent pixels. Furthermore, a cylinder or a corner post may be provided inside the pixel. According to this configuration, in addition to preventing the liquid crystal from flowing, it is also expected to reduce the multiplication effect of the deformation of the pixel. 27 8 1345089 Also, a wall structure and a conventional type of partition may be used in combination. Further, although the above embodiment is simply a matrix type liquid crystal display element, the present invention can be easily applied to an active matrix type liquid crystal display element. Further, although the pixel shape of the above embodiment is rectangular, the pixel shape of the present invention 5 is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may be other shapes. Further, in addition to the cholesteric liquid crystal display element, the present invention is also applicable to a liquid crystal display element using another liquid crystal having display memory. The present invention is suitable for display elements of electronic paper because it is excellent in flexibility, impact resistance, and good resistance to the display surface. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is also applicable to portable types such as electronic books, electronic newspapers, electronic posters, and portable terminals such as PDAs (Personal Data Assistant), such as portable electronic devices, such as electronic books, electronic devices, and portable terminals. The display unit of the machine is 15 pieces. Further, it can be applied to a display device of a display of a paper-type computer that can be realized in the future, or a display device for various fields such as a display for decoration such as a storefront. I: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an exploded view showing a lattice structure of a liquid crystal display element having a conventional dot matrix structure in which a uniform lattice gap is realized by a pillar spacer. Fig. 2 is an exploded view showing the entire structure of a liquid crystal display element of an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing an arrangement structure of pillars in the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment. 8 28 1345089 The fourth drawing is an arrangement structure of the openings of the pixels provided between the pillars in the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. Fig. 5 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in the first embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment. Fig. 6 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in the second embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment. Fig. 7 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in the third embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. Fig. 8 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer 10 in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in the fifth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. Fig. 1 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Example 6 of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. 15 Fig. 11 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of a liquid crystal layer in Example 7 of the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. Fig. I2 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in the eighth embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the embodiment. Fig. 13 is a view showing a pillar arrangement pattern of the liquid crystal layer in Example 920 of the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. Fig. 1 is an exploded view showing the entire structure of a liquid crystal display element of the embodiment having the liquid crystal layer of Example 1. Fig. 15 is a view showing a pattern of a wall structure in the liquid crystal layer of Example 1 0 8 29 1345089 Fig. 16 is a cross section of a color liquid crystal display element using a selective reflection type cholesteric liquid crystal according to Example 11 of the present invention. . 17(a) to 17(c) are the pillar arrangement patterns of the B (blue) display panel, the G (green) display panel, and the R (red) display panel in the color liquid crystal display device of the eleventh embodiment, respectively. . [The main components of the diagram represent the symbol table]
1.. .第一基板 2.. .第二基板 3、 13、54…密封材料 4、 14...注入口 5、 15、35-l~35-4、45a、45b、 451.. .支柱 6.. .黑色矩陣 10、50...液晶顯不元件 16…領域 17、57...第二壁面構造體 17a...第二壁面構造體的其中 一邊 21.. .列電極 23.. .行電極 25、25a~25e、25R、25G、25B、 55.. .像素 27、37、47t、47y、617、627、 637.. .開口部 59…第一壁面構造體 610.. .R顯示面板 620.. .G顯示面板 630.. .B顯示面板 301.. First substrate 2. Second substrate 3, 13, 54... sealing material 4, 14... injection ports 5, 15, 35-1~35-4, 45a, 45b, 451.. Pillar 6. Black matrix 10, 50... Liquid crystal display element 16... Field 17, 57... Second wall surface structure 17a... One side of the second wall surface structure 21. Column electrode 23 .. . row electrode 25, 25a~25e, 25R, 25G, 25B, 55.. pixels 27, 37, 47t, 47y, 617, 627, 637.. opening 59... first wall structure 610.. .R display panel 620..G display panel 630..B display panel 30