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TWI235616B - Method for code reuse and capacity enhancement using null steering - Google Patents

Method for code reuse and capacity enhancement using null steering Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI235616B
TWI235616B TW091132386A TW91132386A TWI235616B TW I235616 B TWI235616 B TW I235616B TW 091132386 A TW091132386 A TW 091132386A TW 91132386 A TW91132386 A TW 91132386A TW I235616 B TWI235616 B TW I235616B
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base station
antennas
beam method
item
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TW091132386A
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TW200301657A (en
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Nader Bolourchi
Leonid Kazakevich
Rui Yang
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Interdigital Tech Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
    • H01Q3/2611—Means for null steering; Adaptive interference nulling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/02—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using ice, e.g. ice-boxes
    • F25D3/06—Movable containers
    • F25D3/08—Movable containers portable, i.e. adapted to be carried personally
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0667—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0669—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal using different channel coding between antennas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2300/00—Special arrangements or features for refrigerators; cold rooms; ice-boxes; Cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2303/00—Details of devices using other cold materials; Details of devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D2303/08—Devices using cold storage material, i.e. ice or other freezable liquid
    • F25D2303/083—Devices using cold storage material, i.e. ice or other freezable liquid using cold storage material disposed in closed wall forming part of a container for products to be cooled
    • F25D2303/0832—Devices using cold storage material, i.e. ice or other freezable liquid using cold storage material disposed in closed wall forming part of a container for products to be cooled the liquid is disposed in an accumulator pack locked in a closable wall forming part of the container
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/0077—Multicode, e.g. multiple codes assigned to one user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Description

⑴ fmwm 乂 年93· I 18 E] , ~ ι_·麵1—1. 玖、發猶_ (發明說明應敘明：發明紅p 乃所屬之技術領域、先前技術、内容、實施方式及圖式簡單說明） 發明領域 本發明係關於無線通訊領域。具體言之，本發明係關 於增加使用者數量、資料容量及無線系統的資料率。具體 σ之為^加ϋ亥各量，本發明使用一系統，其使不同的使 用者♦可在該系統的操作過程中同時使用相同或相關的簽 章。 發明背景 傳統地’分碼多重存取（CDMA)系統的容量、一單元中 同時支援的使用者數量及配置給該使用者的資料率係取 決於用作使用者簽章及其交互相關特性的展碼可用度。如 果一碼已指派給一使用者，那麼在同一時間其他使用者便 不能使用該碼。甚至具有多重傳輸天線的系統也使用此規 則，其產生波束導引（波束形成）以減少干擾雖然目前的波 束導引技術可達到一定的容量增強，但是因為不能將干擾 完全移除到場中的特定位置，所以（容量增強的）效果非常 有限。此外，從實施的角度而言，該多重天線系統非常-複 發明概要 本發明提供一種機制以允許在同一區域及/或單元内複 用已配置的展碼或使用與該已使用的碼相關的碼。結果提 供了與每個單元所增加的基地台天線數量成比例的容量 改善。本發明使用碼配置的天線零導引技術以只保持理想 的使用者之碼交互相關特性及獲得容量改善。 % 1235紐_
El 1(2) 發明IS明續頁: 圖式簡單說明 可藉由閱讀隨附的說明及圖式而理解本發明，其中相 同的數字表示相同的元件，且其中： 圖1為使用本發明之原理的處理單元示意圖； 圖2為根據本發明之數學範例而計算的組合通道功率 輪廊二維圖，以及 圖3為根據本發明之數學範例而計算的組合通道功率 輪廓三維圖。 發明及較佳具體實施例詳細說明 本發明使用簡單的天線零導引技術以抑制不理想的干 擾信號功率，其在理想的接收器處使用相同或相關的展碼 。因為展碼可同時複用，所以整個系統的容量會增加。實 施方案的簡單及容易是該零導引方法的一個優點。但是， 由於實施方案的容易，該零導引技術可用作一互補方法， 其連同波束導引一起提供系統容量的進一步改善。 該概念可使用不同的展碼、使用者及天線。但是，本 發明說明了利用N+ 1個天線而使N個使用者同時使用相二同 或相關的展碼。基地台B S的N+ 1個天線使用通道資訊，如 空間資訊，以在所有具有相同或相關展碼的使用者（除了 理想的使用者）位置處建立零（空值）。以下會針對「N = 2」 及「N =使用者數量」的情況說明該概念。
考慮兩個使用者的情況。該系統在圖1中說明，其中hiA 及hiB(i=l、2、3)分別代表從天線i到使用者A及使用者B 的通道脈衝響應。（^及dB分別表示傳輸至該兩個使用者A 控蔸樹舊！色 ai,|‘ 18日| (3)
發明說明續頁 及B的資料。應注意，資料dA及dB在該基地台傳輸資料前 藉由相同或相關的碼{cA(k)，k=l，2，···}及{cB(k)，k=l ，2，. ··}而擴展。本發明的目標是將使用者A的資訊傳輸 至使用者B，而不建立任何干擾，同時將使用者B的資訊 傳輸至使用者A，而不建立任何干擾。藉由改變從B S到使 用者A的組合通道脈衝響應而在使用者B的位置建立零， 並藉由改變從B S到使用者B的組合通道脈衝響應而在使 用者A的位置建立零，便可達到該目標。此處該組合通道 脈衝響應係定義為從該基地台的散布器輸出至該天線使 用者的接收器單元之傳輸函數。 為在使用者B處建立零，可選擇複合權值W1A、W2 A及 W3 a，因此從該基地台到使用者A的該組合通道之增益會 最大化，而從該基地台到使用者B的組合通道增益為0。， 數學上，這便是約束條件下的最佳化問題，可表達如下： 等式 max
相似地，為在使用者A處建立零，可選擇複合權值W1B 、W2B及W3B，因此從該基地台到使用者B的該組合通道之 增益會最大化，而從該基地台到使用者A的組合通道增益 為0。數學上，這同樣為約束條件下的最佳化問題，可表 達如下： (4) 3 3 max 〜）(Σ 發明說明續頁 等式2 subject to ^^iBhiA =0 上述最佳化問題可輕易解決。然後，舉例來說，會說 明如何根據等式1決定W1A、W2A及W3A。首先，根據等式1 中的約束條件，可選擇W3a如下： “，—WlA^\B + W2A^2B JU 〇 應用W3A，在使用者A處的該組合通道脈衝響應會變 成： 等式4 其中： gi - hiA - hiB for / = 1, 2 等式 5
Kb . 一般而言，gi為複數。定義gi = aieJ<|)1(i=l，2);其中 ai〉0(i=l，2)。也定義 wiA = ej6i for / = 1，2 0 會顯示從該基地台到使用者A的該組合通道脈衝響應 之通道增益為 (ΣwiAhu)\^wuhu) = a]+ al +2axα2cos^2φ)等式 6
發明說明續頁 顯而易見，為達到最大可能的增益，應有： θ2-θ^Φ2-Φγ° 等式7 滿足上述等式的一種方法係選擇： %=丄兒 for / = 1, 2 等式8 例如，定義簡化的通道模型為 K = 等式 9 (i=l，2，3，及p = A，B)，其中Dip為使用者p與天線i間的 距離，λ為波長，其在本例中為0.1 5米。此外，假定沿著 ΟΧΥ平面中的X軸分佈三個（3)個天線，其中兩個鄰近的天, 線間的間隔為0.7 5米，且天線2放置於該ΟΧΥ平面的原點 (0)。選擇使用者Α的位置為（xA，yA) = (-70，20)，使用者 B為（xB，yB) = (50，50)。在該兩點附近的組合通道功率輪 廓（以dB表示）分別顯示於圖2及圖3中。因此，藉由產生複 數值W1A、W2A及W3A，在圖1的範例中，理想的使用者A 會接收最大功率的通訊（圖2)，但是其他使用者的功率為 零（圖2)。 通道脈衝響應 通道脈衝響應 資料 資料 圖式代表符號說明 hiA(i=l、2、3) hiB(i= 1、2、3)
dA
dB -10- ⑹ {cA(k) ， k=: 1，2， …}碼 {cB(k) ， k=] [，2，. ..·}碼 WiA(卜1、2 、3) 複合權值 WiB(i=l、2 、3) 複合權值 發明說明續頁
-11-

Claims (1)

  1. 拾、申請專利範圍 1. 一種零波束方法，其中至少兩個遠端使用者（所有使用 者在一既定的單元或區域内使用一相同或相關的展碼） 中只有其中一個可接收從一基地台傳輸至該至少兩個 遠端使用者的一通訊，該基地台在一具有複數個天線 的天線陣列上傳輸至該遠端使用者，該技術包含：
    a) 該基地台調變資料di (i=l，·.，N)，其預定傳輸 至具有N+1個複合權值Wi (i=l，…，N，每個均為一 N+1 維複合向量）之N (N>1)個遠端使用者的其中之一，每 個已調變信號傳輸至該N + 1個天線的其中之一； 其中該向量W1及W2的每個元素為一從該天線陣列 至該遠端使用者位置之通道脈衝響應的一函數； b) 加總該已調變的資料信號di，d2，..cIn以及 c) 傳輸該加總的信號。
    2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之零波束方法，其中該複合權值 Wi為該陣列中天線數量的一函數。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之零波束方法，其中步驟（c)包含 在至少兩個（2)天線的一陣列上傳輸。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之零波束方法，其中步驟（a)包含 選擇該複合權重值以最大化一第一此類該遠端使用者 之一從該基地台所接收的一通訊之一功率。 5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之零波束方法，其中步驟（a)包含 選擇該複合權重值以最大化一第二此類該遠端使用者 之一從該基地台接收的一通訊之一功率。
    6. —種零波束方法，其中至少兩個遠端使用者（所有使用 者在一既定的單元或區域内使用不同的展碼）中只有 其中一個可接收從一基地台傳輸至該至少兩個遠端使 用者的一通訊，該基地台在一具有複數個天線的天線 陣列上傳輸至該遠端使用者，該技術包含： a) 該基地台調變資料di (i=l，…，N)，其預定傳輸 至具有N+1個複合權值Wi (i=l，…，N，每個均為一 N+1 維複合向量）之N (N>1)個遠端使用者的其中之一，每 個已調變信號傳輸至該N+ 1個天線的其中之一； 而該向量W1及W2的每個元素為從該天線陣列至所 有遠端使用者位置之通道脈衝響應的一函數； b) 加總該已調資料信號di，d2，..dN以及 c) 傳輸該加總的信號。 7. 如申請專利範圍第6項之零波束方法，其中該複合權值 Wi為該陣列中天線數量的一函數。 8. 如申請專利範圍第6項之零波束方法，其中步驟（c)包含 在至少三個（3)天線的一陣列上傳輸。 9. 如申請專利範圍第6項之零波束方法，其中步驟（a)包含 選擇複合信號以最大化一第一遠端使用者從該基地台 接收的一通訊之一功率。 10. 如申請專利範圍第9項之零波束方法，其中步驟（a)包含 選擇該複合信號以最小化一第二遠端使用者從該基地 台接收的一通訊之一功率。
TW091132386A 2001-11-02 2002-11-01 Method for code reuse and capacity enhancement using null steering TWI235616B (en)

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TW091217567U TW595855U (en) 2001-11-02 2002-11-01 A base station having null steering transmission apparatus providing code reuse and capacity enhancement
TW091132386A TWI235616B (en) 2001-11-02 2002-11-01 Method for code reuse and capacity enhancement using null steering
TW096114504A TW200733586A (en) 2001-11-02 2002-11-01 Method for code reuse and capacity enhancement using null steering
TW094138329A TW200635248A (en) 2001-11-02 2002-11-01 Method for code reuse and capacity enhancement using null steering
TW092127585A TW200415863A (en) 2001-11-02 2002-11-01 Method and system for code reuse and capacity enhancement using null steering

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TW092127585A TW200415863A (en) 2001-11-02 2002-11-01 Method and system for code reuse and capacity enhancement using null steering

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EP (1) EP1440523A1 (zh)
JP (2) JP2005509355A (zh)
KR (5) KR20050090083A (zh)
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CA (1) CA2466042A1 (zh)
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