TWI230064B - Anticonvulsant derivatives useful in treating chronic neurodegenerative disorders - Google Patents
Anticonvulsant derivatives useful in treating chronic neurodegenerative disorders Download PDFInfo
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- TWI230064B TWI230064B TW89106372A TW89106372A TWI230064B TW I230064 B TWI230064 B TW I230064B TW 89106372 A TW89106372 A TW 89106372A TW 89106372 A TW89106372 A TW 89106372A TW I230064 B TWI230064 B TW I230064B
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Description
1230064 A7 B7 五、發明說明(1 ) 發明背景 式I化合物: 1斧奪丨
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 是構造新穎的抗癲癇化合物,在動物試驗中顯示其為高度 有效的抗驚厥劑(Maryanoff,B.E, Nortey,S.O·,Gardocki, J.F., Shank, R.p. and Dodgson, S.P. J Med. Chem. 30, 880- 887,1987 ; Maryanoff,B.E·,Costanzo,M.J·,Shank,R.P·, Schupsky, J.J.5 Ortegon, M.E., and Vaught J.L. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 3, 2653-2656, 1993)。關於此 類化合物有三種專利,分別是美國專利··第4,513,006、 Νο·5,242,942、及Ν〇·5,3 84,327號。此類化合物之一為 2,3:4,5-雙曱基亞乙基哌喃果糖氨磺酸酯(即 多比拉米(topiramate)),人類癲癇臨床試驗上已顯示在治 療簡單及複合性部份癲癇發作及次發性一般的癲癇發作上 可有效的作為附加治療或單一治療劑(E. FAUGHT,B.J. WILDER,R.E· RAMSEY,R.A. REIFE,L D· KRAMER,G.W. PLEDGER,R.M· KAR丨M et. al·,Epilepsia 36(S4)33,1995 ; S.K· SACHDEO, R.C. SACHDEO, R.A. REIFE,P· LIM and G· PLEDGER,Epilepsia 36(S4)33,1995),目前大約有二 十多個國豕(包括美國)在治療fgj早及含或不含次發性一般 的瘤痛發作之複合性部份瘤痛發作上有市場須求,並有數 個國家正在申請核准中。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝--------訂--- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1230064 A7 __B7____ 五、發明說明(2 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 式I化合物最初發現在老鼠傳統的最適電擊癲癇發作 (MES)測試中,其具有抗驚厥的活性(SHANK,R.P·, GARDOCKI,J.F·,VAUGHT, J.L·,DAVIS,C.B·,SCHUPSKY, J.J·,RAFFA,R.B·,DODGSON,S.J·,NORTEY,S.O·,and MARYANOFF,Β·Ε·,Epilepsia 3-5 450-460, 1994)。後續的 研究中亦揭露在老鼠的MES測試中,式I化合物具有高 度效能。近來發現多比拉米(topiramate)能在數個齧齒動 物癲癇模式中(J. NAKAMURA,S. TAMURA,T· KANDA,A. ISHII,K.ISHIHARA,T.SER】KAWA,J.YAMADA,andM· SASA,Ειπ\ J. Pharmacol. 254 83-89, 1994),及動物激動 的癲癇模式中(A· WAUQUIER and S· ZHOU,Epilepsy Res. 24 73-77,1996)有效地阻止癲癇發作。 最近的前臨床研究揭露多比拉米(topiramate)未為人知 的藥理性質,顯示多比拉米(topiramate)應能有效的治療 某些其他神經病症。此類病症為慢性的神經變性的病症, 例如:老年癡呆症、柏金森疾病、杭丁頓氏舞蹈病、多發 性硬化、糖尿病的神經變性病、視網膜病、頭部創傷或脊 髓的損傷引起的末梢神經損傷及腦及脊髓的神經變性。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 發明揭示 因此,本案發現'下列式I化合物: ;7 ·' '
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) !23〇〇64 較佳的具體實施例之詳細描述 本發明之氨確酸酯為下式(I).
Α7 五、發明說明(3 )
其中 X 為 Ο 或 CH2,Rf、r2、R 可用於治療慢性的神經變性的;4及R5之定義如下’ 柏金森疾病、杭丁頓氏舞老年癌呆症、 經變性病、視網膜病、頭部創:4硬^匕、糖尿病的神 神經損傷及腦及脊趙的神經變:y趟的#傷引起的末梢 .中彡.:
Crb - -1. υ -: 其中
1〜-J x為CH2或氧;
Ri為氫或烧基;以及 二2rR3、RAR5係獨立為氫或院基,當X為ch2時, 及\及::,屬烴基團相聯形成苯環,當X為氧時,R 及汉3及/或R及R可並 5 /、门形成為以下式(II)之亞甲二氧 基· 裝--------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
Re c !' Π /吠: 其中 x 297公釐) 本紙張尺度賴巾ii^^_(CNS)A4規格⑵f 1230064 A7 -------___ 五、發明說明(4 ) 尤其是氫或約丨至4個碳原子烷基,例如:甲基、 土及’、丙基。本說明書全文中烧基包括直鏈的及支鏈 的烧基汉3、R4、R5、R6及R7之烧基基團約i至3 個石厌原子,包括:曱基、乙基、異"·丙基及正-丙基。當X 為CH2時’ A及&可結合形成含X融合的卜員笨環,即 心及心之定義為烷三烯基團=C-CH=CH-CH=。 特定的式⑴化合物族群中X為氧,1及R3以及尺4及 h可共同形成為式(11)之亞曱二氧基基團,其中心及1 可均為氫,均為烷基或結合形成螺環戊基或環己基環,尤 其疋當I及R7均為烷基(例如曱基)時。第二群化合物中 X為CH2,汉4及Rs相聯形成苯環。第三群式⑴化合物中 R2及R3為氫。 式(I)化合物可用以下方法加以合成: (a)將刀子式為rch2OH之醇類與分子式為cls〇2NH2 或ClSC^NHRi之氣氨續酸酯在驗(例如钾α _丁氧化物或 氫化鈉)存在下、溫度約_2〇至25t:間及溶劑,例如:甲 苯、TFIF或二甲基甲醯胺,中反應,其中尺為具下式(^) 之基團: 二…
(b)將刀子式為rcH^OH之醇類與分子式為s〇2ci2之 硫醯基氯化物在鹼(例如:三乙胺或喳啶)存在下、溫度約 -40至25°C間及溶劑(例如:乙醚或亞甲基氯化物)中反應 ____ _6_ 紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱) ------ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 裝 訂·--------# 經濟部智慧財彥局員工消費合作社印製 1230064 A7 B7 五 、發明說明(5) 產生分子式為Rch2oso2ci之氯硫酸鹽。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 然後將分子式為rch2oso2ci之氯硫酸鹽與分子式 R〗NH2之胺在溫度約_4〇至25它間及溶劑(例如:氣甲稀 或乙猜)中反應產生式⑴化合物。(b)之反應條件亦描述於 τ· Tsuchiya et al. in Tet· Letters,No· 36, ρ· 3365 至 3368(1978) 〇 (O將氣硫酸鹽RCH2〇s〇2C1與金屬疊氮化物(例如疊氮 化納)在溶劑(例如氯甲烯或乙腈)中反應產生其分子式為 RCH2〇S〇2N3之疊氮基硫酸鹽,描述於M· Hedayatullah in Tet· Lett· ρ· 2455-2458(1975)。然後將疊氮基硫酸鹽用催 化的氫化作用(例如貴重金屬及Η2或與銅金屬加熱),在 溶劑(例如甲醇)中還原成Ri為氫之式⑴化合物。 經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 員 工 消 費 合 作 社 印 製 分子式為RCH2〇H之起始材料其可商業購得或為此技 藝上已知者。例如,分子式為RCH2〇H其中R2及R3以及 4及均為相同,以及其分子式為(Η)之起始材料其可用 R. F. Brady in Carbohydrate Reaearch, Vol. 1 4, p. 3 5 to 4〇(1970)之方法得到或將三甲基矽烷基烯醇醚之r6c〇R7 酮或醛與果糖在溫度約25t:下,鹵素碳溶劑(例如氣甲烯) 中,在質子的酸(例如鹽酸或路易士酸,例如氯化鋅)存在 下反應得之。三曱基石夕烧基烯醇醚反應描述於G. L. “η⑽ et al in J. 〇rg. Cherrf. Volaa 38, No· 22, ρ· 3935(1973)。 進一步的,其分子式為RC〇〇H及RCH〇之羧酸及醛 可用標準還原技藝還原成其分子式為rch2oh之化合物, 例如與氫化鋁鋰、硼氫化鈉或硼烷-THF複合體在惰性溶 •7- 本紙張尺度適时關家鮮(CNS)A4規格(2i〇x 297公爱 1230064 經濟部智慧財J局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明說明(6 ) Μ (丫 乙一醇一甲醚、丁HF或甲笨)中溫度約〇,至1〇〇 C 間反應例如描述於 Η·0· House in "Modern Synthetic
Reactions^, 2nd Ed. pages 45 to 144(1972) 〇 式1化口物·亦可用揭示於美國專利:No.4,5 13,006、 15,242,942,及Νο·5,384,32中之方法製作,全文在此并 入參考文獻。 式I化&物包括各種個別的異構物與其外消旋酸鹽, ,如各種α及/5接聯,即低於及高於R2,R3,R4&心在卜 員%上之繪圖平面。較佳者,亞甲二氧基上附著的氧與6_ 貝壞位於同一邊。 式I化合物治療慢性的神經變性的病症能力係基於發 現多比拉米(topiramate)在培養中能促進神經細胞之軸突 向外生長及在活體内内增進神經受損害後之再生及恢復功 能。 在體外研究中,從1 8天大胎兒的的小老鼠中建立老鼠 海馬的及大腦皮質的培養細胞。在各種濃度之多比拉米 (topiramateXO」毫微莫耳濃度_1〇〇微莫耳濃度)、或神經 營養因子BDNF(源自腦的神經營養因子,1〇毫微克)及 MSH(a -黑色素細胞刺激激素,5〇毫微莫耳濃度)、或載 劑(等張之鹽水)存在下,將細胞生長於培養孔(盤)中七天。 在種入細胞時,將各化合物添加至標示之一組培養孔之培 養液中,然後於四天後移除培養液並換上新鮮之培養液。 在培養的第七日,細胞用福馬林(組織固定劑)處理。然後 將細胞用螢光素標示的專一性的抗微小管相關的蛋白質_ ^----------------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
1230064
2(MAP-2)抗體處理(選擇的標識樹突)。分析的測定各孔 中螢光素-標記之抗體結合至MAP-2之量(FITC信號)。然後 用此資料計算各孔中細胞軸突向外生長的相對程度。當與 培養液僅含載劑之細胞生長相較之下,多比拉米 (topiramate)處理的細胞FITC信號顯著的較高,從而顯示多 比拉米(topiramate)可引發軸突向外生長之增加。海馬的細 胞中,濃度介於100毫微莫耳濃度至100微莫耳濃度(圖D 時,增加顯著的較高(Ρ<0·05),但是,無清楚的觀察到濃 度-反應效應。 10 在100毫微莫耳濃度下,觀察到皮質的細胞顯著的增 加(對照組的119%)及在10微莫耳濃度下觀察到皮質的細 胞顯著的增加(對照組的119%Χρ<0·05)。無劑量_反應關係 的姐據,但在大多數多比拉米(t〇piramate)之研究濃度治療 下可造成軸突向外生長中度增加(範圍=對照組的106%至 15 119%) 〇 經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 員 工 消 費 合 作 社 印 製 在體内研究中,以老鼠周邊神經損傷之顏面神經壓擠 拉式評估多比拉米(t〇piramate)。將老鼠麻醉,切除其皮膚 及肌肉找到顏面神經。用鑷子在將神經在尖端壓擠使其受 知。縫合創傷以及在投藥化合物前使老鼠康復。老鼠分成 2〇二組:载劑處理組、多比拉米(topiramate)處理組 完克/公斤)及a-MSHt處理組(s.c.,1毫克/公斤)。外科手術 後14天,每日投用兩次該化合物。顏面神經壓擠會引起 同一側的損傷位點髯肌肉麻痺。每日監測髯運動(損傷與 未損傷問之比較)是否康復為期14天。手術後早在第1〇 -9 - 89172A·接 本紙張尺度翻中關家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公髮) 1230064 五、發明說明(8) 5 10 15 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 20 天即可偵深到自發的康復髯運動,13天後可完全康復。第 11及12天,多比拉米(topiramate)處理組之老鼠髯運動康 復之程度顯著的高於載劑處理組(第U曰之康復❹/〇;多比 拉米(topiramate) = 60%,載劑=19% ; ?<0.001)(第 12 曰之 康復% ;多比拉米(t0piramate) = 92%,載劑=68%, ρ<〇·οι)。比較之下,在第n及12天〇: ]^811處理組之康 復率亦有較小的,無統計上顯著地增加(圖3)。 治療慢性的神經變性的症狀時,多比拉米(t〇piramate) 或其他之式⑴化合物可重覆口服的投用,劑量介於約i6 至256毫克’每月一次或每曰兩次。 為了製備本發明之醫藥組合物,一種或多種式(1)之氨 續酸醋化合物可與醫藥上的載體依據常見的醫藥學的複; 技藝緊密的混合,載體視職求之投_式而定可製備^ 各種形式,例如,可用適當的溶解劑製備iv.滅菌之、、主 射調製劑。單位劑量含約1()至咖毫克活性成分。目片 多比拉米(topiramate)之口服投藥的圓藥片中内含乃1 克、_毫克或200毫克之活性藥劑。該藥片含以下之: 1性成分:含水的乳糖' 前明膠化的㈣、微晶 素、羥乙酸鈉澱粉、硬脂酸鎂、純欢 β e I K、棕橺蠟、羥基丙其 甲基纖維素、二氧化鈦、聚乙烯二醆人1 ^ ^ ,一知、合成的氧化鐵、# 聚花楸酸酯80。 ^ 10 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210x297公复) A7 1230064 B7 五、發明說明(9 ) 圖式簡單說明 圖1.為多比拉米(topiramate)劑量反應,老鼠海馬(7 die)軸 突向外生長-MAP2-FITC測定法 圖2.為多比拉米(topiramate)劑量反應,老鼠大腦皮質(7 5 die)軸突向外生長-MAP2-FITC測定法 圖3.為顏面神經壓擠模式中,於口服的投藥多比拉米 (topiramate)及Οί-MSH後之康復率 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
Claims (1)
1230064 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 專利申請案第89106372號 ROC Patent Appln. No.89106372 修正之申請專利範圍中文本-附件(二) Amended Claims in Chinese - EncL (ID (民國93年5月y日送呈) (Submitted on May ζ , 2004) 1. 一種治療慢性神經變性疾病之醫藥組成物,其係包括 一有效治療量之式I化合物:
其中 X 為CH2或氧; Ri為氮或Ci_6烧基,以及 R2、R3、R4及R5係獨立為氫或C卜6烷基以及,當X 為CH2時,R4及R5可為相聯形成苯環之c4烯屬 烴基團,以及,當X為氧時,R2及R3及/或R4及 R5可共同形成為下式(II)之亞甲二氧基: R6 1 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 C 〇 其中 116及117可為相同或不同,為氫、Cu烷基或為烷基以 及相聯形成環戊基或環己基環,為活性成分及一醫 藥上可接受之載劑。 -12 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210x297公釐) 89172B 接 1230064 3 C8 _D8_ 六、申請專利範圍 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之醫藥組成物,其中式I化合 物是多比拉米(topiramate)。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之醫藥組成物,其中預期的有 效治療量介於約32至512毫克。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之醫藥組成物,其中口服投藥的劑 量介於約16至256毫克。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 3 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
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