TWI225330B - Pulse width modulation power regulator and power supply system thereof - Google Patents
Pulse width modulation power regulator and power supply system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TWI225330B TWI225330B TW092130408A TW92130408A TWI225330B TW I225330 B TWI225330 B TW I225330B TW 092130408 A TW092130408 A TW 092130408A TW 92130408 A TW92130408 A TW 92130408A TW I225330 B TWI225330 B TW I225330B
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- width modulation
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
I22533〇_ 五、發明說明（1) 發明所屬之技術領域， 本發明是有關於一種電源規整器及其電源供應系統。 且特別是，有關於一種脈波寬度調變電源規整器及其主從 式電源供應系統。 α ^ 先前技術 ，電子儀器之設計中’電源供應器為一不可或缺之褒 置。當今日之電子儀器，是朝向多功能化，亦即將許多相 同或不同功能的電子元件組合在一起時，其電源系統，一 般而言，多使用一主從式電源供應系統。第1圖為一示意 圖，繪示習知之主從式電源供應系統。傳統上，一主從式 電源供應系統1 0 0，是由一電源系統中央控制器（p 0W e Γ system central controller)102，與數個遠端控制 (remote controlled)脈波寬度調變（Pulse width modulation，PWM)電源規整器（p0wer regulat〇r)1〇4 所構 成’用以輸出電壓Voutl、Vout2、到VoutN等。每一遠端 控制脈波寬度調變（pWM)電源規整器1 〇 4與電源系統中央控 制器1 0 2之間，是舞由控制信號線丨〇 6所連接。此種主從式 電源供應系統1 〇 〇，例如說，可以使用於電腦主機板上的 電源供應’基本上，透過電源系統中央控制器丨〇 2，控制 數個遠端控制脈波寬度調變（pWM )電源規整器〗〇 4，將電源 为別供應到各個負載’例如說中央控制器（C p U )、記憶 體、顯不卡等。基本上，各個負載之電源需求，例如說功 率、電壓、電流與開關之時序等不一定相同，因此各個遠 端控制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器可以有其各別之設 第5頁 12298twf.ptd 1225330 五、發明說明（2) 計規格。 般而a ’控制#號線1 〇 6是由4條信號線所構成’用 以傳送以下4個控制信號：（1)參考電 voltage)Vref。（2)致能信號（enable signal)Eri。（3)電 壓到位通知（power 0K)。（4)失誤通知（fault)。第2圖為 一電路方塊圖，繪示習知之主從式電源供應系統之遠端控 制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器。遠端控制脈波寬度調 變（PWM)電源規整器1〇4，是由誤差放大器（err〇r ajnpl 1 f ler，EA) 202、輸出緩啟動鉗位電路2〇4、脈波寬度 凋變（PWM)輸出級（output stage) 2 06、LC 濾波器 208、電 壓到位偵測電路210、異常狀況偵測電路212所構成。 凊參照第2圖，其中誤差放大器（EA)2〇2，接受參考電 壓Vref與輸出電壓yout之輸入，用以比較參考電屋與 =出電壓Vout，並輸出一誤差信號。輸出緩啟動钳位電路 2〇4，接受致能訊號En之控制，當電源規整器1〇4被啟動 日夺，用以箝制誤差放大器（EA)2〇2之輸出電壓上升之斜 :、古$ :此緩匱上彳’以避免過大的輸出電容充電電流。 、J寬度調變(PWM)輸出級206，接受致能叙號以之控制， 在，收誤差信號後，調整其輸出波形之工作週期（(1_ e):使其平均電M，即電源規整器ι〇4之輸出電壓 二t ’與參考電壓Vref 一致。LC濾波器2〇8， 度調變(PWM曰)輸出級206輸出之平均電壓。電壓到 用佶:θ路21 〇，則疋因為輸出緩啟動钳位電路204之作 用，使得輸出電壓Vout無法在啟動後，立即達到0目 =， 第6頁 12298twf.ptd 1225330 五、發明說明（3) 因此透過電壓到位通知（power 〇Κ)信號，通知電源系統中 央控制器102 ’輸出電麼Vout已達目標值可供使用。異常 狀況偵測電路2 1 2，則是用來偵測電源規整器丨〇 4中，是否 有例如過電流、過電壓、過溫等異常狀況。 綜上所述，第2圖中4條信號線，其作用如下··（ 1)參 考電壓信號線，用以從電源系統中央控制器丨〇 2輸入參考 電壓Vref到誤差放大器202中，以作為電源規整器104之輸 出電壓Vou t之目標值。（2 )致能信號線，用以從電源系統 中央控制器1 02提供致能信號En，以啟動或關閉輸出緩啟 動钳位電路204與脈波寬度調變（PWM)輸出級20 6。（3)電壓 到位通知（power 〇Κ)信號線，用以從電源規整器1〇4透過 電壓到位通知信號p 0 w e r 〇 κ，通知電源系統中央控制器 102 ’輸出電壓v〇u t已達目標值可供使用。（4)失誤通知 (fault)信號線，用以從電源規整器1〇4透過失誤通知信號 Fault，通知電源系統中央控制器1〇2，電源規整器1〇4是 否發生’過電流、過電壓、過溫等異常狀況。 , 第3圖為一波形圖，縿示習知電源系統中央控制器與 遠端控制脈波寬皮調變（PWM)電源規整器之間，控制信號 線所傳輸之信號。請參照第3圖，當參考電壓Vref從接地 電壓Vss上升到目標電壓Vcc後，致能信號En會觸發，用以 啟動輸出緩啟動鉗位電路2〇4與脈波寬度調變（PWM)輸出級 206 ’經過lc濾波器2〇8濾波後，最後得到輸出電壓v〇ut， 其中’輸出電壓Vou t上升之斜率是由緩啟動鉗位電路2〇4 所控制’與參考電壓Vref之波形無關。當輸出電壓v〇ut上I22533〇_ 5. Description of the invention (1) The technical field to which the invention belongs, the present invention relates to a power regulator and a power supply system thereof. In particular, it relates to a pulse width modulation power supply regulator and a master-slave power supply system thereof. α ^ In the prior art, the 'power supply' is an indispensable component in the design of electronic equipment. When today's electronic instruments are multifunctional, that is, many electronic components with the same or different functions are combined, the power supply system generally uses a master-slave power supply system. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional master-slave power supply system. Traditionally, a master-slave power supply system 100 is controlled by a power system central controller (p 0W e Γ system central controller) 102 and several remote controlled pulse width modulations (Pulse Width modulation (PWM) power regulator (p0wer regulat〇r) 104 is formed to output voltages Voutl, Vout2, to VoutN, etc. Each remote control pulse width modulation (pWM) power conditioner 104 and the power system central controller 102 are connected by a control signal line. Such a master-slave power supply system 100, for example, can be used for power supply on a computer motherboard. Basically, through the central controller of the power system, the remote control pulse width modulation is controlled. (PWM) Power Conditioner [04], to supply power to various loads, such as a central controller (C p U), memory, display card, etc. Basically, the power requirements of each load, such as power, voltage, current, and switching timing, are not necessarily the same. Therefore, each remote control pulse width modulation (PWM) power regulator can have its own setting. Page 12298twf.ptd 1225330 V. Description of the invention (2) Design specifications. In general, a'control # 号 线 106 is composed of 4 signal lines' for transmitting the following 4 control signals: (1) reference voltage) Vref. (2) Enable signal (Eri). (3) Notification of voltage arrival (power 0K). (4) Fault notification. Fig. 2 is a circuit block diagram showing a remote control pulse width modulation (PWM) power conditioner of a conventional master-slave power supply system. The remote control pulse width modulation (PWM) power conditioner 104 is composed of an error amplifier (errór ajnpl 1 fler, EA) 202, an output slow-start clamp circuit 204, and the pulse width fade (PWM) output stage 2 06, LC filter 208, voltage arrival detection circuit 210, abnormal condition detection circuit 212.凊 Refer to Figure 2, where the error amplifier (EA) 202 receives the input of the reference voltage Vref and the output voltage yout to compare the reference house with the output voltage Vout and outputs an error signal. The output slow-start clamp circuit 204 is controlled by the enabling signal En. When the power conditioner 104 is seized by the startup signal, it is used to clamp the slope of the output voltage of the error amplifier (EA) 202. $: This gradual increase is used to avoid excessive output capacitor charging current. 2. J width modulation (PWM) output stage 206, which is controlled by the enable serial number. After receiving the error signal, adjust the duty cycle of its output waveform ((1_e): make it average M, that is, the power supply is regular. The output voltage t 'of the device ι04 is consistent with the reference voltage Vref. The LC filter 20, the average voltage output by the degree modulation (PWM) output stage 206. When the voltage reaches 佶: θ road 21 〇, then 疋Because of the function of the output slow-start clamp circuit 204, the output voltage Vout cannot reach 0 mesh immediately after starting. = Page 12298twf.ptd 1225330 V. Description of the invention (3) Therefore, the voltage is notified in place (power 〇Κ) Signal to notify the central controller 102 of the power supply system 'Is the output voltage Vout reached the target value for use? The abnormal condition detection circuit 2 1 2 is used to detect whether there is, for example, an overcurrent in the power conditioner. , Over-voltage, over-temperature, etc. In summary, the four signal lines in Figure 2 have the following functions: (1) Reference voltage signal line for inputting reference from the central controller of the power supply system. The voltage Vref is applied to the error amplifier 202 as a voltage Target value of the output voltage Vout of the regulator 104. (2) Enable signal line for providing an enable signal En from the central controller of the power supply system 102 to enable or disable the output slow start clamp circuit 204 and pulse wave Width Modulation (PWM) output stage 20 6. (3) Voltage arrival notification (power 〇) signal line, used to notify the power system central control through the voltage arrival notification signal p 0 wer 〇κ from the power regulator 10 The output voltage v0ut of the controller 102 has reached the target value for use. (4) The fault notification signal line is used to notify the power system central controller 1 through the fault notification signal Fault from the power conditioner 104. 2. Whether abnormal conditions such as over-current, over-voltage, and over-temperature occur in the power supply regulator 104. Figure 3 is a waveform diagram showing the conventional power system central controller and remote control pulse width skin tone. The signal transmitted by the control signal line between transformer (PWM) power regulators. Please refer to Figure 3. When the reference voltage Vref rises from the ground voltage Vss to the target voltage Vcc, the enable signal En will trigger to start the output. Slow start clamp circuit 2 4 and the pulse width modulation (PWM) output stage 206 'After filtering by the lc filter 20, the output voltage vout is finally obtained, where the slope of the rise of the output voltage Vout is caused by the slow-start clamp circuit 2'. 4 Controlled 'has nothing to do with the waveform of the reference voltage Vref. When the output voltage v〇ut
12298twf.ptd 第7頁 !22533〇 五、發明說明（4) " ---- 升到，例如說目標電壓Vcc之9〇%時，電壓到位通知信號 = 0K會觸發，以通知電源系統中央控制器丨，輸出 的iVout已達目標電壓Vcc可供使用。最後，當電源規整 = 104發生異常狀況時，失誤通知信號以…七會觸發以通知 電源系統中央控制器1〇2，電源規整器1〇4發生異常狀況。 、 在以上所述之傳統之主從式電源供應系統1 〇 〇中，可 以知道’當遠端控制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器1〇4之 數目，加時’控制信號線1 〇 6之數目會相對地隨之增加， 並且每一控制信號線1〇6中皆是具有4條信號線。對於今曰 電子儀器之設計趨向日益複雜且體積越來越小之需求下， 如何減少信號線數目以減少其所佔體積，並且簡化電源規 整器1 04以減少其所佔之體積，是相當有需要的。 發明内袞 本發明之一目的是提出一種遠端控制脈波寬度調變 (PWM)電源規整器’以有效地簡化其設計並減少信號線之 數目與控制流程。 > 本發明之另一目的是提出一種主從式電源供應系統， 以有效地簡化其中電源規整器與控制信號線"之設計，並減 少信號線之數目與控制流程。 為了達成本發明之一目的，本發明提出一種脈波寬度 調變（PWM)電源規整器，包括一誤差放大器、一比較電 路、一脈波寬度調變（PWM)輸出級、一開關以及一異常狀 況偵測電路。該誤差放大器’用以接收一控制信號線上之 一控制信號之輸入，以及該脈波寬度調變（PWM )電源規整12298twf.ptd Page 7! 22533 05. Invention description (4) " ---- When it reaches, for example, 90% of the target voltage Vcc, the voltage arrival notification signal = 0K will trigger to notify the center of the power system Controller 丨, the output iVout has reached the target voltage Vcc for use. Finally, when an abnormal situation occurs in the power supply regulation = 104, the error notification signal will be triggered to notify the central controller of the power supply system 102 and the abnormality of the power supply regulator 104. In the above-mentioned traditional master-slave power supply system 100, it can be known that 'when remotely controlling the number of pulse width modulation (PWM) power regulators 104, it is overtime' control signal line 1 The number of 〇6 will increase correspondingly, and there are 4 signal lines in each control signal line 106. For the increasingly complex and smaller design of electronic instruments today, how to reduce the number of signal lines to reduce their volume and simplify the power supply regulator 104 to reduce the volume they occupy needs. Inside the invention One object of the present invention is to propose a remote-controlled pulse-width-modulation (PWM) power conditioner 'to effectively simplify its design and reduce the number of signal lines and control processes. > Another object of the present invention is to propose a master-slave power supply system to effectively simplify the design of the power supply regulator and the control signal lines, and reduce the number of signal lines and the control process. In order to achieve one of the objectives of the present invention, the present invention provides a pulse width modulation (PWM) power supply regulator, which includes an error amplifier, a comparison circuit, a pulse width modulation (PWM) output stage, a switch, and an abnormality. Condition detection circuit. The error amplifier ’is used to receive an input of a control signal on a control signal line, and the pulse width modulation (PWM) power supply regulation
12298twf.ptd 第8頁 1225310 五、發明說明（5) ' ' ------ :之：ϊΐ:壓之輸入。該比較電路’連接到該控制信號 χ預先設定之一臨界電壓輸出一内部致能信 以2脈波寬度調變（pwM)輸出級，連接到該誤差放大器 兮#二比較電路，用以根據該内部致能信號之啟動以輸出 電壓。該開_，連接到該控制信號線與一接地線。 =^常狀況偵測電路，連接到該開關，用以當偵測到該 二波，度調變（PffM)電源規整器發生一異常狀況時，輸出 内°卩異吊狀況信號啟動該開關以將該控制信號接地。 為了達成本發明之另一目的，本發明提出一種電源供 ，系統，包括具有一或複數個緩啟動電路之一中央控制 器’以及一個或複數個脈波寬度調變（pWM)電源規整器。 其中每一脈波寬度調變（P题）電源規整器，藉由一控制信 號線連接到每一緩啟動電路。其中該脈波寬度調變（pwM) 電源規整器’包括一誤差放大器、一比較電路、一脈波寬 度調變（PWM)輸出級、一開關以及一異常狀況偵測電路。 該誤差放大器，用以接收一控制信號線上之一控制信號之 輸，入，以及該脈波寬度調變（P而）電源規整器之一輸出電 壓之輸入。該比較電路，連接到該控制信號線，用以根據 預先设定之一臨界電壓輸出一内部致能信號。該脈波寬度 調變（PWM )輸出級，連接到該誤差放大器以及該比較電 路，用以根據該内部致能信號之啟動以輸出該輸出電壓。 該開關，連接到該控制信號線與一接地線。而該異常狀況 偵測電路，連接到該開關，用以當偵測到該脈波寬度調變 (PWM)電源規整器發生一異常狀況時，輸出一内部異常狀12298twf.ptd Page 8 1225310 V. Description of the invention (5) '' ------: of: ϊΐ: pressure input. The comparison circuit is connected to the control signal χ, a threshold voltage set in advance to output an internal enable signal with a 2-pulse width modulation (pwM) output stage, and is connected to the error amplifier # 2 comparison circuit for The internal enable signal is activated to output the voltage. The ON_ is connected to the control signal line and a ground line. = ^ Normal condition detection circuit, connected to the switch, is used to output an internal alarm signal to activate the switch when an abnormal condition occurs in the PffM power conditioner. Connect this control signal to ground. In order to achieve another object of the present invention, the present invention provides a power supply system including a central controller 'having one or more slow-start circuits and one or more pulse width modulation (pWM) power conditioners. Each of the pulse width modulation (P-question) power conditioners is connected to each slow-start circuit through a control signal line. The pulse width modulation (pwM) power conditioner 'includes an error amplifier, a comparison circuit, a pulse width modulation (PWM) output stage, a switch, and an abnormal condition detection circuit. The error amplifier is used for receiving an input of a control signal on a control signal line, an input of the control signal, and an input of an output voltage of the pulse width modulation (P) power regulator. The comparison circuit is connected to the control signal line for outputting an internal enable signal according to a preset threshold voltage. The pulse width modulation (PWM) output stage is connected to the error amplifier and the comparison circuit for outputting the output voltage according to the activation of the internal enable signal. The switch is connected to the control signal line and a ground line. The abnormal condition detection circuit is connected to the switch, and is used for outputting an internal abnormal condition when an abnormal condition is detected in the pulse width modulation (PWM) power conditioner.
12298twf.ptd 第9頁 1225330 五、發明說明（6) 況、號啟動該開關以將該控制信號接地，而該中央控制器 便可藉由偵測到該控制信號被接地之現象，而得知該脈波 寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器發生了該異常狀況。 在本發明之一實施例中，如上所述之電源供應系統， 其中該控制信號線中只具有一條信號線。 在本發明之一實施例中，如上所述之脈波寬度調變 (PWM)電源規整器中，該脈波寬度調變（pWM)電源規整器更 包括一濾波器連接到該脈波寬度調變（PWM)輸出級，用以 濾過該輸出電壓。 在本發明之一實施例中，該誤差放大器，具有一寬廣 之共模輸入電壓範圍（common m〇de inpUt range)，至少 在〇v與一目標電壓之間。 ange) h 在本發明之一實施例中，該預先設定之臨界電摩，包 括設定為一目標電壓之5%到10%之間，或是設定 〇5V 〇· 5V之間。 在本發明之一實施例中，該異常狀況，包括過電流、 過電壓、或過溫狀況。 、綵上所述，本發明之主從式電源供應系統，與遠端控制 脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器，具有以下之優點。首 ^^發明之控制信號線中只需要一條信號線/用以輸入 ，制信號，而傳統之控制信號線則需要4條信號線。其 =，本發明只需要在電源系統中央控制器中設置一個或複 數個緩啟動電路，即可輸出經過缓起動處理之控制信號， 因此本發明之遠端控制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器中 五、發明說明（7) 出緩啟動鉗位電路，如此可以顯著地簡化遠端控 =脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器之電路設計。立次，本 =之電I系統中央控制器可以藉由監測控制信號來得知 退鸲控制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器之輸出電壓，而 =需要習知之輸出電壓到位通知信號。其次，當本發明之 退端控制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器發生里當狀 控制信號會直接被接地，而該中央控發制生器便吊可狀藉兄由偵 及到忒控制#號被接地之現象，而得知該脈波寬度調變 (PWM)電源規整器發生了該異常狀況。 為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、和優點能更明 -員易ΙΪ，下文特舉一較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳 細說明如下： t施方式 第4圖為一電路方塊圖，繪示一主從式電源供應系統 之遠端控制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器，係依據本發 明之一實施例。請參照第4圖，本發明之遠端控制脈波寬 度調，變（PWM)電源規整器400，是由誤差放大器（error amplifier, EA)402、比較電路404、脈波寬度調變（PWM) 輸出級（output stage) 406、LC濾波器408、開關41 0與異 常狀況偵測電路41 2所構成。 請參照第4圖，當一控制信號vctrl輸入到電源規整器 400中時，先輸入到誤差放大器402與比較電路404中。其 中，比較電路404是由預先設定之一臨界電壓vth所控制， 當輸入之控制信號Vctrl之電壓大於臨界電壓Vth時，比較12298twf.ptd Page 9 1225330 V. Description of the invention (6) Condition, No. Activate the switch to ground the control signal, and the central controller can learn by detecting that the control signal is grounded. This abnormal condition occurs in the pulse-width-modulation (PWM) power conditioner. In an embodiment of the present invention, the power supply system described above, wherein the control signal line has only one signal line. In one embodiment of the present invention, in the pulse width modulation (PWM) power conditioner as described above, the pulse width modulation (pWM) power conditioner further includes a filter connected to the pulse width modulation. Variable (PWM) output stage to filter the output voltage. In one embodiment of the present invention, the error amplifier has a wide common mode input voltage range (common mode inpUt range), at least between 0v and a target voltage. ange) h In an embodiment of the present invention, the preset critical electric motor includes a setting between 5% and 10% of a target voltage, or a setting between 0V and 0.5V. In one embodiment of the present invention, the abnormal condition includes an overcurrent, an overvoltage, or an overtemperature condition. As mentioned above, the master-slave power supply system of the present invention and the remote-control pulse width modulation (PWM) power conditioner have the following advantages. The first control signal line of the invention requires only one signal line / for input and control signals, while the traditional control signal line requires 4 signal lines. It means that the present invention only needs to set one or a plurality of slow-start circuits in the central controller of the power system, and then can output the control signal after the slow-start processing. Therefore, the remote-control pulse-width-modulated (PWM) power supply of the present invention V. Description of the invention in the regulator (7) The slow start clamp circuit can significantly simplify the circuit design of the remote control = pulse width modulation (PWM) power regulator. Immediately, the central controller of this system can know the output voltage of the PWM power regulator by monitoring the control signal, and the conventional output voltage notification signal is required. Secondly, when the back-end control pulse width modulation (PWM) power regulator of the present invention occurs, the control signal will be directly grounded, and the central control generator will be able to be detected by the brother. Control the phenomenon that the ## is grounded, and learn that the abnormality occurs in the pulse width modulation (PWM) power conditioner. In order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following is a detailed description of a preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawings, which are described in detail as follows: A circuit block diagram showing a remote control pulse width modulation (PWM) power conditioner for a master-slave power supply system, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 4. The remote control pulse width modulation (PWM) power conditioner 400 of the present invention is composed of an error amplifier (EA) 402, a comparison circuit 404, and a pulse width modulation (PWM). An output stage (output stage) 406, an LC filter 408, a switch 410, and an abnormality detection circuit 412 are configured. Referring to FIG. 4, when a control signal vctrl is input to the power conditioner 400, it is first input to the error amplifier 402 and the comparison circuit 404. Among them, the comparison circuit 404 is controlled by a preset threshold voltage vth. When the voltage of the input control signal Vctrl is greater than the threshold voltage Vth, the comparison
1225330 五、發明說明（8) 電路404即輸出一内部致能信號IntEn以開啟脈波寬度調變 (PWM)輸出級406，當輸入之控制信號Vctrl之電壓小於臨 界電壓Vth時，比較電路404即輸出另一内部致能信號 IntEn以關閉脈波寬度調變（PWM)輸出級（output stage)406。與傳統遠端控制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整 器所使用之誤差放大器不同的是，本發明之誤差放大器 402 ’具有可以低至0V之一寬廣共模輸入電壓範圍（comm〇n mode input range)，因此可以在目標電壓vcc到〇v間，接 受控制信號Vctrl與電源規整器400所回授（feedback)之輸 出電壓Vout之控制，準確地追隨控制信號VctH的變化而 輸出。因此，脈波寬度調變（PWM)輸出級406在接受内部致 能仍號I n t Εη之開啟後’輸出電壓v 〇u t能準確地追隨控制 信號Vctrl之電壓之變化。本發明之内部致能信號IntEn， 直接由預先設定之臨界電壓Vth所產生，一般而言，臨界 電壓Vth可以設定只比接地電壓Vss大一點點，而比目標電 壓Vcc小很多，例如說，為目標電壓Vcc之5%到1〇%，或，是 〇· 05V到〇· 5V之間，實際值之大小需視目標電壓¥(：(：之大小 而定。因此，當控制信號Vctrl —開始上升，内知致能信 號IntEn幾乎是同時被觸發，因此所產生之輸出電壓v〇/t 幾乎是與控制信號Vctrl同時且斜率相同。因此，不需要 像傳統上之設計一樣，需要輸出電壓到位通知信號？〇心『 0 K ’以通知電源系統中央控制器1 〇 2，輸出電壓v 〇 u七已達 目標電壓V c c可供使用。 請參照第4圖，LC濾波器408，則是用來過濾脈波寬度1225330 5. Description of the invention (8) The circuit 404 outputs an internal enable signal IntEn to turn on the pulse width modulation (PWM) output stage 406. When the voltage of the input control signal Vctrl is less than the threshold voltage Vth, the comparison circuit 404 is Output another internal enable signal IntEn to turn off the pulse width modulation (PWM) output stage 406. Different from the error amplifier used in the traditional remote control pulse width modulation (PWM) power conditioner, the error amplifier 402 ′ of the present invention has a wide common-mode input voltage range (common mode) which can be as low as 0V. (input range), so that between the target voltage vcc and 0v, it can be controlled by the control signal Vctrl and the output voltage Vout fed back by the power conditioner 400 to accurately follow the change in the control signal VctH and output. Therefore, the pulse width modulation (PWM) output stage 406 can accurately follow the change of the voltage of the control signal Vctrl after receiving the internal enable, and the output voltage v n u t is turned on. The internal enable signal IntEn of the present invention is directly generated by a preset threshold voltage Vth. In general, the threshold voltage Vth can be set to be only slightly larger than the ground voltage Vss and much smaller than the target voltage Vcc. For example, The target voltage Vcc is between 5% and 10%, or between 0.05V and 0.5V. The actual value depends on the target voltage ¥ (: (::. Therefore, when the control signal Vctrl — starts Rise, the internal enable signal IntEn is triggered almost simultaneously, so the output voltage v0 / t is almost the same as the control signal Vctrl and the slope is the same. Therefore, it is not necessary to have the output voltage in place as in the traditional design Notification signal? 〇 heart "0 K 'to notify the central controller of the power system 1 〇2, the output voltage v 〇u has reached the target voltage V cc is available for use. Please refer to Figure 4, LC filter 408 is used To filter the pulse width
1225330 五、發明說明（9) 調變（PWM)輸出級406輸出之平均電壓。異常狀況偵測電路 4 1 2 ’則疋用來偵測電源規整器4 〇 〇中，是否有例如過電 流、過電壓、過溫等異常狀況，當異常狀況發生時，輸出 内異吊4s 5虎IntFault。在本發明中，内部異常信號 IntFaul t輸入到開關41 0，將控制信號Vctr!直接接地。。 第5圖為一波形圖，繪示一電源系統中央控制器與遠 端控制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器之間，控制信號線 所傳輸之信號，係依據本發明之一實施例。請參照第5 圖’當控制信號Vctrl之電壓從接地電壓Vss大於臨界電壓 Vth時，内部致能信號intEn會觸發，用以啟動脈波寬度調 變（PWM)輸出級406，經過LC濾波器408濾波後，最後得到 輸出電壓Vout。在本發明中，可以知道，輸出電壓從 接地電壓Vss上升到目標電壓Vcc之斜率，與控制信號 Vctrl之斜率相同。當電源規整器4〇0發生異常狀況時，内 部失誤通知信號IntFault會觸發並直接輸入到開關410， 將控制信號Vc'tr 1直接接地。 在产發明之一實施例中，提供一種主從式電源供應系 統。第6圖為一示意圖，繪示主從式電源供應系統，係依 據本發明之一實施例。請參照第6圖，一主從式電源供應 系統600，是由一電源系統中央控制器（p〇wer syStenl central controller) 602，電源系統中央控制器602中之 複數個緩啟動電路6〇8與複數個遠端控制（remote controlled)脈波寬度調變（pulse width modulation, PWM)電源規整器（p0wer regulator)604所構成，用以輸出1225330 V. Description of the invention (9) The average voltage of the output of the modulation (PWM) output stage 406. The abnormal condition detection circuit 4 1 2 ′ is used to detect whether there are abnormal conditions such as overcurrent, overvoltage, and overtemperature in the power conditioner 4. When the abnormal condition occurs, the output is suspended for 4s 5 Tiger IntFault. In the present invention, the internal abnormal signal IntFaul t is input to the switch 410, and the control signal Vctr! Is directly grounded. . FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing a signal transmitted by a control signal line between a central controller of a power system and a remote control pulse width modulation (PWM) power regulator, according to an embodiment of the present invention. . Please refer to FIG. 5 'When the voltage of the control signal Vctrl is greater than the threshold voltage Vth from the ground voltage Vss, the internal enable signal intEn is triggered to start the pulse width modulation (PWM) output stage 406 and pass the LC filter 408 After filtering, the output voltage Vout is finally obtained. In the present invention, it can be known that the slope of the output voltage rising from the ground voltage Vss to the target voltage Vcc is the same as the slope of the control signal Vctrl. When an abnormal condition occurs in the power conditioner 400, the internal error notification signal IntFault is triggered and directly input to the switch 410, and the control signal Vc'tr 1 is directly grounded. In one embodiment of the invention, a master-slave power supply system is provided. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a master-slave power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 6. A master-slave power supply system 600 is composed of a power system central controller 602, and a plurality of slow-start circuits 608 in the power system central controller 602 and A plurality of remote controlled pulse width modulation (PWM) power regulators (p0wer regulator) 604 are used to output
12298twf.ptd 第13頁 五、發明說明（10) 電壓Voutl、Vout2、到¥〇11“等。每一遠端控制脈波寬度 ，變（PWM)電源規整器604，藉由控制信號線6〇6，連接到 每一對應之緩啟動電路6〇8。其中，每一控制信號線6〇6中 只具有一條信號線。在本發明之一較佳實施例中，遠端控 =脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器6 04，可以是由第4圖之 遠端控制脈波寬度調變（p簡）電源規整器4 〇 〇所構成。 以下將對本發明之主從式電源供應系統6 〇 〇，如何提 供相當於習知之信號傳輸功能加以說明。該些信號包括 (/ )參考電壓Vref、（2)致能信號En、（3)電壓到位通知信 唬Power 0K、（4)失誤通知信號Faul t。請參照第6圖，有 關（1)參考電壓Vref，在本發明中，經由緩啟動電路 608，輸出具有如第5圖所示之緩升波形且目標電壓為he ^信號Vctri,以作為脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整 /pwm、t、、考電，Vref。因此，遠端控制脈波寬度調變 經毯μ I源規整器604之輸出電壓V〇Ut隨著控制信號Vctrl 雷並不像習知一樣，需要藉由一輸出緩啟動钳位 π ^ ，在本發明中，各個緩啟動電路608，可以提供相 ϋΐΐίΪ㈣號VCtFl ’例如說’具有不同電羞與開 Λ之控制信號Vctrl， ^^^/々再者，關於（2)致能信號^，在本發明中，遠 鈿控制脈波見度調變（PWM)電源規整器6〇4中，可以提供一 ^ ^ J J ,f f#uIntEn 〇 ^ ^(3) t M flJ „ m 控制作^\明Λ二電源土系統中央控制器6〇2可以藉由監測 "ϋ〜c r來得知遠端控制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規 1225330 五、發明說明（11) 整器604之輸出電壓，從而得知電壓到位時間，因而不用 像習知一樣，需要由電源規整器丨〇 4提供給電源系統中央 控制器1 02 —電壓到位通知信號power 〇κ。關於（4)失誤通 知信號Fault，本發明之遠端控制脈波寬度調變（p懸）電源 規整器604中之異常狀況偵測電路4丨2，當偵測到電源規整 器606中有異常狀況發生時，輸出一内部異常信號 IntFau 11，將控制信號Vctr 1直接接地。因此，當異常狀 況發生時，電源系統中央控制器6〇2便可藉由偵測到控制 馆號Vc t r 1被接地之現象，而得知電源規整器6 〇 6發生了 常狀況。 ' 綜上所述，本發明之主從式電源供應系統與遠端控 脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器，具有以下之優點。首 先，本發明之控制信號線中只需要一條信號線，‘用以輸入 控制信號，而傳統之控制信號線則需要4條信號線。其 次，本發明只需要在電源系統中央控制器中設置緩啟動 路，即可輸出經過緩起動處理之控制信號，因此本發明 遠端控制，脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器中不需要 啟動鉗位電路，如此可以顯著地簡化遠端 产’、 變⑽）電源規整器之電路設計。其次，本發明之皮寬度調 統中央控制器可以藉由監測控制信號來得知 制矿系 寬度調變则電源規整器之輸出電麗，而不需要控習制二皮 輸出電壓到位通知信號。其次，當本發明 寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器發生显f 遠端控制脈波 时私土兴吊狀況時，坊告丨1 直接被接地，而中央控制器便可由b " 文j由此仔知脈波寬度調變12298twf.ptd Page 13 V. Description of the invention (10) Voltage Voutl, Vout2, to ¥ 〇11 ", etc. Each remote end controls the pulse width, and the (PWM) power supply regulator 604, through the control signal line 6〇 6. Connected to each corresponding slow-start circuit 608. Among them, each control signal line 606 has only one signal line. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the remote control = pulse width The modulation (PWM) power conditioner 604 may be composed of the remote-controlled pulse width modulation (p-simplified) power conditioner 400 in FIG. 4. The master-slave power supply system of the present invention will be described below. 〇〇 ， How to provide the equivalent signal transmission function for explanation. These signals include (/) reference voltage Vref, (2) enable signal En, (3) voltage arrival notification letter, Power 0K, (4) errors. Notification signal Faul t. Please refer to FIG. 6 for (1) reference voltage Vref. In the present invention, via the slow-start circuit 608, the output signal has a ramp-up waveform as shown in FIG. 5 and the target voltage is he ^ signal Vctri To be used as Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) power supply regulation / pwm, t, and power test, Vref. Therefore, the remote control pulse width modulates the output voltage V0Ut of the warp μ I source conditioner 604 with the control signal Vctrl. Thunder is not as conventional, and it needs to be clamped slowly by an output π ^ In the present invention, each of the slow-start circuits 608 can provide a control signal Vctrl of, for example, VCtFl, which has a different electric signal and an open signal, ^^^ / 々 Furthermore, regarding (2) the enable signal ^ In the present invention, the remote control pulse wave visibility (PWM) power regulator 604 can provide a ^ JJ, ff # uIntEn 〇 ^ ^ (3) t M flJ „m control operation ^ \ 明 ΛSecondary controller of the power supply earth system 602 can learn the remote control pulse width modulation (PWM) power supply regulation by monitoring "& ~ cr" 5.25 Description of the invention (11) The output of the whole device 604 Voltage, so as to know the time of voltage in place, so it is not necessary to provide the power system central controller 10 02-the voltage in place notification signal power 〇κ, as is conventional. Regarding (4) the error notification signal Fault, the remote control pulse width modulation (p suspension) abnormal condition detection circuit 4 丨 2 of the present invention detects an abnormality in the power conditioner 606 When the situation occurs, an internal abnormal signal IntFau 11 is output, and the control signal Vctr 1 is directly grounded. Therefore, when an abnormal condition occurs, the central controller of the power supply system 602 can detect that the control hall number Vc t r 1 is grounded, and know that the power conditioner 606 has a normal condition. '' In summary, the master-slave power supply system and remote-controlled pulse width modulation (PWM) power conditioner of the present invention have the following advantages. First, only one signal line is required in the control signal line of the present invention, 'for inputting a control signal, while the conventional control signal line requires four signal lines. Secondly, the present invention only needs to set a slow-starting circuit in the central controller of the power system, and can output the control signal after the slow-start processing. Therefore, the remote control of the present invention does not require a pulse-width modulation (PWM) power regulator Start the clamp circuit, which can significantly simplify the circuit design of the remote power generator. Secondly, the central controller of the leather width control of the present invention can know the output of the power regulator by adjusting the width of the ore-making system by monitoring the control signal, without the need to control the notification signal of the output voltage of the second skin. Secondly, when the width-regulated (PWM) power regulator of the present invention exhibits a f remotely controlled pulse wave when the private land is suspended, the ground is directly connected to ground, and the central controller can be controlled by b " 文 j 由Pulse width modulation
1225330 五、發明說明（12) (PWM)電源規整器發生了異常狀況，而不用像習知一樣， 需要一條獨立之失誤通知信號線通知電源系統中央控制 器。 雖然本發明已以一較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用 以限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精 神和範圍内，當可作些許之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保 護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。1225330 V. Description of the invention (12) (PWM) An abnormal condition has occurred in the power regulator, instead of requiring a separate error notification signal line to notify the central controller of the power system, as is conventional. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes and retouch without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.
12298twf.ptd 第16頁 1225330 圖式簡單說明 第1圖為一示意圖，繪示習知之主從式電源供應系 統； 系 遠 線 第2圖為一電路方塊圖，繪示習知之主從式電源供應 統之遠端控制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器； 第3圖為一波形圖，繪示習知電源系統中央控制器與 端控制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器之間，控制信號 所傳輸之信號； 第4圖為一電路方塊圖，緣示一主從式 ^遠端控制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器’係依^本發 明之一實施例； 第5圖為一波形圖，繪示一電源系統中央控制器與遠 制脈波寬度調變（PWM)電源規整器之間，控制信號線 所傳輸之信號，係依據本發明之一實施例；以及 第6圖為一不意圖’繪示一主從式電源供應系統，係 依據本發明之一實施例。 圖式標記說明： 、 1 〇 〇 :主從式電源供應系統 1 0 2 :電备、系統中央控制器 1 〇 4 ·遠鈿控制脈波寬度調變（ρ·)電源規整器 1 〇 6 :控制信號線 202 :誤差放大器 2〇4 :輸出緩啟動鉗位電路 2〇6 :脈波寬度調變（PWM)輪 2〇8 :LC濾波器 ^12298twf.ptd Page 16 1225330 Brief description of the diagram The first diagram is a schematic diagram showing a conventional master-slave power supply system; the far line 2 is a circuit block diagram showing a conventional master-slave power supply The remote control of the PWM power regulator is shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 is a waveform diagram showing the conventional power system central controller and the end-control pulse width modulator (PWM) power regulator. The signal transmitted by the control signal; FIG. 4 is a circuit block diagram showing a master-slave remote control pulse width modulation (PWM) power conditioner, according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing a signal transmitted by a control signal line between a central controller of a power system and a remote pulse width modulation (PWM) power regulator, according to an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a master-slave power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Description of the graphical symbols:, 1 〇: master-slave power supply system 1 02: electric backup, system central controller 1 〇4, remote control pulse width modulation (ρ ·) power regulator 1 〇6: Control signal line 202: Error amplifier 204: Output slow-start clamp circuit 206: Pulse width modulation (PWM) wheel 208: LC filter ^
1225330 圖式簡單說明 2 1 0 :電壓到位偵測電路 2 1 2 ··異常狀況偵測電路1225330 Brief description of the diagram 2 1 0: Voltage arrival detection circuit 2 1 2 ·· Abnormal condition detection circuit
Vout、Voutl、Vout2、VoutN :輸出電壓Vout, Voutl, Vout2, VoutN: output voltage
Vref :參考電壓Vref: reference voltage
En :致能信號En: enable signal
Power 0K :電壓到位通知Power 0K: Voltage arrival notification
Fau 1 t ： 失 誤 通 知 400 波 寬 度 調 變 (PWM)電 源 規 整器 402 誤 差 放 大 器 404 比 較 電 路 406 脈 波 寬 度 調 變（PWM) 輸 出 級 408 濾 波 器 410 開 關 412 異 常 狀 況 偵 測電路 Vc t r 1 ·· 控 制 信 號 Vth ： :臨 界 電 壓Fau 1 t: Error notification 400 wave width modulation (PWM) power regulator 402 error amplifier 404 comparison circuit 406 pulse width modulation (PWM) output stage 408 filter 410 switch 412 abnormal condition detection circuit Vc tr 1 ·· Control signal Vth :: critical voltage
IntEn :内部致能信號IntEn: internal enable signal
Vout、Voutl、Vout2、VoutN :輸出電壓 IntFaul t :内部異常信號Vout, Voutl, Vout2, VoutN: Output voltage IntFaul t: Internal abnormal signal
Vss 接 地 電 壓 Vcc g 標 電 壓 602 電 源 系 統 中 央 控制器 604 脈 波 寬 度 調 變 (PWM)電源規整器 606 控 制 信 號 線 12298twf.ptd 第18頁 1225310 圖式簡單說明 6 0 8 :緩啟動電路 12298twf.ptd 第19頁 1111·!Vss Ground voltage Vcc g Standard voltage 602 Power system central controller 604 Pulse width modulation (PWM) power regulator 606 Control signal line 12298twf.ptd Page 18 1225310 Simple illustration of the diagram 6 0 8: Slow start circuit 12298twf.ptd Page 1111!
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| TW092130408A TWI225330B (en) | 2003-10-31 | 2003-10-31 | Pulse width modulation power regulator and power supply system thereof |
| US10/707,445 US7019500B2 (en) | 2003-10-31 | 2003-12-15 | Pulse width modulation power regulator and power supply system thereof |
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| TW092130408A TWI225330B (en) | 2003-10-31 | 2003-10-31 | Pulse width modulation power regulator and power supply system thereof |
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| US12456967B2 (en) * | 2023-03-25 | 2025-10-28 | Realtek Semiconductor Corporation | Multimedia device and operating method for system-on-chip |
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-
2003
- 2003-10-31 TW TW092130408A patent/TWI225330B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-12-15 US US10/707,445 patent/US7019500B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI403887B (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2013-08-01 | Asustek Comp Inc | Display card and operating method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20050093527A1 (en) | 2005-05-05 |
| US7019500B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 |
| TW200515681A (en) | 2005-05-01 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MK4A | Expiration of patent term of an invention patent |