1224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1 ) 〔發明背景〕 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明係關於具備濾色層之彩色液晶顯示裝置，尤其 有關備有背面光源，及反射外光之反射板，可作爲反射型 及透過型彩色液晶顯示裝置發揮功能之半透過型之彩色液 晶顯示裝置。 近年，液晶顯示裝置係被應用於筆記型個人電腦（ p c )之顯示器，監視機，車輛導航，函數計算機，中小 型電視機等各種領域。已在檢討，尤其反射型液晶顯示裝 置因不需要背面光源（back light)，所以欲活用低消費電 力’且薄型輕量之益處，應用於移動型p C等之攜帶機器 用顯示器。 然而，先前之反射型液晶顯示裝置，與紙同樣利用外 光顯示者，所以若使用環境本身黑暗時顯示畫面也變暗而 不能使用。尤其在黑暗時就完全不能利用。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 對於這種問題，可利用於作爲在黑暗環境使用背面光 源之透過型液晶顯示裝置，將反射板成爲半透過反射板， 例如作爲半鏡（half mirror)，開發出備有背面光源之半透 過型液晶顯示裝置。 又，已在檢討在反射板設有對應於各像素之針孔（ριη hole )，並且，依各像素配置微型透鏡（micro lens )之半 透過型液晶顯示裝置。 依據此液晶顯示裝置，若作爲反射型液晶顯示裝置使 用時，與通常之反射型液晶顯示裝置相較，只有針孔分量 降低顯示畫面之亮度。又，若作爲透過型液晶顯示裝置使 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -4- 1224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（2 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 用時，將射出背面光源之光線由微型透鏡聚光使其通過針 孔，就可得到與通常之透過型液晶顯示裝置同樣之顯示畫 面之亮度。藉此，來改善上述半透過型液晶顯示裝置之亮 度。 這種半透過型液晶顯示裝置，係因設濾色層就可顯示 彩色顯示。亦即，先前之半透過型彩色液晶顯示裝置係由 濾光板，前面基板，濾色層，驅動電極，液晶層，背面基 板，半反射板，背面光源依序積層構成。濾色層，係設於 反射板前方，亦即設於觀看者側。 因此，液晶顯示裝置作爲反射型機能時，從前面基板 側射入之外光，係通過濾色層之後，由反射板所反射，再 次通過液晶層及濾色層射出於外部。亦即，將變成透過2 .次濾色層之光路。因此，濾色層，係與通常之反射型彩色 液晶顯示裝置同樣，濾色層，係光線透過2次時使用可得 到所需著色之分光特性者。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 作爲反射型液晶顯示裝置之機能時，光源爲外光，不 能自由地控制光線強度。又，若使用偏光板時，由於元件 全體之透過率不能變成充分者，所以，濾色層之分光特性 ，係將最大透過率視爲1時最小透過率也成爲0 . 1以上 。因此，這種濾色層分光特性，係設計成只透過一次濾色 層時不能得到充分著色程度地變成淡色濃度。 實際上，上述濾色層，連光線透過二次時之分光特性 ，較使用於先前之透過型之液晶顯示裝置之R G濾色層之 分光特性成爲色濃度爲淡之設計。 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -5- 1224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（3 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 另一方面，若將半透過型液晶顯示裝置作爲透過型使 用時，從背面光源射出之光線，係只有一次透過濾色層。 因此，作爲透過型發揮其功能時之顯示之分光特性，係透 過一次濾色層時之分光特性，亦即，將變成濾色層之分光 特性本身一樣，使用如上述之濾色層時，將變成極爲淡色 之濃度。 相反地，於半透過型液晶顯示裝置，作爲濾色層使用 於先前之透過型液晶顯示裝置之分光特性時，作爲反射型 發揮功能時顯示亮度將顯著地不足。 像這樣，於先前之半透過型之彩色液晶顯示裝置，作 爲反射型發揮功能時顯示亮度會顯著地變暗，或，作爲透 過型發揮功能時其顯示色濃度就變淡，只能得到任一之光 學特性。 〔發明槪要〕 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本發明係鑑於上述所發明者，其目的係提供一種即使 作爲反射型發揮功能時，及作爲透過型發揮功能時也可具 有充分亮度與色濃度之顯示之半透過型液晶顯示裝置。 爲了達成上述目的，有關本發明之液晶顯示裝置，係 具備；互相對向配置，在各個內面設有液晶驅動電極之前 面基板及背面基板，與； 夾持於上述前面基板與背面基板之間，因應施加電壓 將射入光之相位調變之液晶層，與在上述前面基板及背面 基板之一方基板外面依序所載置之相位差板及具有偏光軸 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -6- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1224224 A7 ___ B7 _ 五、發明説明（4 ) 之偏光板，與形成於他方基板上之半透過半反射板，與較 上述半透過半反射板更配置於上述前面基板側之濾色層， 與配置於上述他方基板之背面側之背面光源，與及配置於 上述半透過半反射層與上述背面光源之間，將上述濾色層 之分光透過率特性相鄰之尖峰波長間之波長光選擇性地反 射之膽固醇液晶層。 若依據本發明之液晶顯示裝置之代表構成，從觀看側 依序配置有：偏光板，相位差板，濾色層，可變延遲器（ retarder )層功能之光線相位調變之液晶層，選擇性反射層 ，將從背面光源之光線選擇反射，配置所透過之膽固醇液 晶層。由於此膽固醇液晶層，將背面光源之波長特性適合 於濾色層之分光透過率特性。亦即，由膽固醇液晶層，將 濾色層之尖峰波長間之波長選擇性地反射而遮斷，調整背 面光源之發光光譜。 又，有關本發明之液晶顯示裝置係備有；互相對向配 置，在各個內面設有液晶驅動電極之前面基板及背面基板 ，與；夾持於上述前面基板與背面基板之間，因應施加電 壓將射入光之相位調變之液晶層，與在上述前面基板及背 面基板之一方基板外面依序所載置之相位差板及具有偏光 軸之偏光板，與形成於他方基板上，透過反射射入光之第 1圓偏光成分與上述第1圓偏光成分相反方向之第2圓偏 光成分之選擇性反射層，與較上述選擇性反射層配置於更 上述前面基板側之第1濾色層，與配置於上述背面基板之 背面側之背面光源，與及較上述選擇性反射層配置於更上 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X29*7公釐） —--J---V.--AWI ^----^---訂----- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -7- 1224224 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 _B7五、發明説明（5 ) 述背面光源側之帶通濾波器。 上述構成之液晶顯示裝置係作爲反射型功能時，因射 入光會二次透過上述第1濾色層，所以，第1濾色層之分 光透過率特性，係被設定成二次透過之光線爲能夠著色成 所需之顏色。所以，第1濾色層之分光透過率特性，將變 成較寬頻帶之特性。 作爲透過型之功能時’從背面光源之光線因只通過一 次第1濾色層，所以射入於第1濾色層之前，藉通過帶通 濾波器將光源光線預先狹頻帶化’就可得到與先前之透過 型彩色液晶顯示裝置同樣之亮度與色濃度之顯示特性。 作爲帶通濾波器，可使用所謂干擾濾波器，或色吸收 濾波器所構成之第2濾色層。作爲干擾濾波器，例如可使 .用將複數之電介質交替地積層之電介質多層膜。又，作爲 色吸收濾波器，例如可使用在有機媒體中添加顏料或染料 者。 將選擇性反射層形成背面基板之內面，將色吸收濾波 器配置於選擇性反射層下側時，不至於因基板厚度引起之 視差，可防止由於色偏差引起之色濃度之降低。 又，將第2濾色層，設於具有薄膜電晶體等主動元件 之陣列基板時，因在掃描線，訊號線，薄膜電晶體等上形 成像素電極，所以變成可作爲層間絕緣膜倂用，而可實現 高開口率。 又，在由膽固醇液晶聚合物等所成之選擇性反射層分 散顏料，或由於混合染料使其可發揮第2濾色層層之功能 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -8 - 1224224 A7 _B7 五、發明説明（6 ) 時，就可將選擇性反射層與第2濾色層變成同一層，而可 削減液晶顯示裝置全體之層數。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 〔較佳實施例之詳細說明〕 么么邊參照圖面’就有關本發明之貫施例之半透過型液 晶顯示裝置詳細說明如下。 首先，說明有關本實施例之液晶顯示裝置1 0之基本 構成如下。如第1圖至第4圖A所示，液晶顯示裝置1 〇 係備有；從觀看者依序所配置之偏光板1 1，相位差板 1 2，濾色層5 0，光相位調變之扭轉向列液晶（twisted nematic)(以下稱爲TN)液晶層1 5，半透過半反射層 功能之選擇性反射層1 8，膽固醇液晶層6 0，背面光源 .2 1 〇 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 液晶顯示裝置1 〇係備有；在對向配置之2片玻璃基 板1 3，1 4間夾持光相位調變之扭轉向列（以下稱T N )液晶層1 5所形成之T N顯示元件，此T N顯示元件之 觀看者側，亦即，在玻璃基板1 3外面上，依序設有相位 差板1 2，及偏光板1 1。又，與他方之玻璃基板1 4外 面對向，設有背面光源2 4。相位差板1 2係作爲固定延 遲層，T N液晶層1 5係作爲可變延遲層分別發揮其功能 ，由這些固定及可變延遲層來構成可變延遲器。 T N液晶元件之觀看者側之玻璃基板1 3係構成陣列 基板，在玻璃基板1 3內面上，設有濾色層5 0，在此濾 色層上從透明之I TO ( Indium Tin Oxide )有多數像素電 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -9- Ϊ224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（7 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 極1 6設成矩陣狀。又，在玻璃基板1 3上，訊號線3 2 與包括閘電極3 3之掃描線3 4設成矩陣狀，並且，視其 需要設有沒有圖示之補助電容電極。又，在訊號線3 2與 掃插線3 4之交叉部，設有作爲換接元件之薄膜電晶體（ 以下稱爲T F T ) 3 1，在分別連接有像素電極1 6。 訊號線3 2及在掃描線3 4重疊形成氧化膜3 5。各 個T F T 3 1係備有：經由氧化膜3 5由設在閘電極3 3 上之非質砂（amorphous silicon) ( a — S i )所成之半導 體膜3 6，在半導體膜上經由低電阻半導體膜3 7所設之 源極電極4 1及汲極電極3 9，由鈍化膜（passivation film ) 3 8所包覆。按，各像素電極1 6係經由形成於濾色 層5 0之1 0 /zm角程度之接觸孔4 0連接於源極電極 4 1 〇 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 濾色層5 0係配置於像素部之全面。此濾色層5 0係 由紅，綠，藍之3原色或黃，洋紅（magenta)，藏青之補 色3原色之濾色層所成，由配置成矩陣狀之像素電極1 6 及對向電極1 7將T N液晶層1 5以像素單位藉控制電場 由加法混色進行彩色顯示。作爲濾色層5 0係使用分光特 性爲如第6圖所示之高透過率（透過率，C I E — XYZ 素色系（Standard ColorimetricSystem)之 Y 値，爲 4 0% 以上）者。此時，在屋外之亮處，不點燈背光將外光作爲 光源進行顯示時，因可提高顯示圖像之亮度所以較佳。 另一方面，T N液晶元件背面側之玻璃基板1 4係構 成對向基板。在與玻璃基板1 4之像素電極1 6對向之面 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -10- 1224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（8 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ，約略全面地形成有由I T〇等之透明導電膜所成之對向 電極1 7。在玻璃基板1 4與對向電極1 7之間，設有將 膽固醇液聚合化呈薄膜狀，具半透過半反射層功能之選擇 性反射層1 8，及膽固醇液晶層6 0。 按，對向電極1 7係同時進行通常之遮蔽噴濺（mask sputter )法成膜與形成圖案（patterning )較佳。此時，形 成對向電極1 7時，可使膽固醇液晶層6 0之製程負荷成 爲極少。 接觸於上述陣列基板及對向基板之T N液晶層1 5之 面，分別形成有沒有圖示之取向膜。這些取向膜係形成爲 互相之取向軸成爲直交，藉此T N液晶層1 5之扭轉角係 成爲9 0 ° 。 又，陣列基板與基向基板，係由沿著兩基板之周緣部 (密封部）4 2所塗敷之密封材4 3互相貼合。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 設於玻璃基板1 4背面側之背面光源2 1具備；例如 丙烯等之透光性平板所成之導光體2 2，與配置於導光體 側面之線狀光源2 4，與設於導光體背面之散射反射層 2 3° 接著，將上述液晶顯示裝置1 0之更加詳細構成，連 同其動作原理說明之。 如第5圖所示，由膽固醇液晶構成之選擇性反射層 1 8，係到達其一主面之射入光之中只反射左圓偏光成分 或右圓偏光成分，而透過與反射成分相反方向之右圓偏光 成分或左圓偏光成分，又，到達相反主面之射入光之中只 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 1224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（9 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 反射左圓偏光成分或右圓偏光成分，具有透過右圓偏光成 分或左圓偏光成分之機能。若將此情形從一主面側觀看時 ，射出於一主面側之反射光與從背面側之透過光之迴轉方 向爲相等，射出於背面側之透過光與反射光之迴轉方向也 相等。於第5圖，圓偏光LI ，L2，L1/ ，L2>之 迴轉方向，係都表示從選擇性反射層1 8之主面1 8 f側 所觀察之狀態。 構成選擇性反射層1 8之膽固醇液晶，係假定乘上其 液晶分子1 9之扭轉節距p與平均折射率η之η p値，爲 與射入光之波長λ相等。液晶分子1 9若從觀察側觀看具 有左向螺旋構造時，從其主面1 8 f射入之外光L f之中 ，左圓偏光成分之光線就在主面1 8 f反射。此反射光 .L 1係由於反射對於進行方向迴轉方向倒反，雖然成爲右 向之圓偏光射出，但是若從主面1 8 f側觀看時就變成左 圓偏光。又，對於主面1 8 f之射入光L f之中，右圓偏 光成分之光線L 2就透過他方之主面1 8 b側。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 膽固醇液晶，若η p値相等於射入光之波長λ時，具 有其螺旋方向（左向或右向）相等方向（左向或右向）之 圓偏光成分反射1 0 0%之機能。 另一方面，從他主面1 8 b射入之外光L b之中，對 於進行方向左圓偏光成分之光線，係對於在主面1 8 b所 反射之進行方向變成迴轉方向倒反之右圓偏光成分之光線 L2 >。又，外光Lb之中，對於進行方向右圓偏光成分 之光線係透過選擇性反射層1 8從主面1 8 f射出’但是 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -12- 1224224 A7 _ B7 五、發明説明（10 ) ，若將此光線從主面1 8 f側觀察時就變成左圓偏光成分 之光線L 1 /。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 於具備這種選擇性反射層1 8之液晶顯示裝置1〇， 若從觀察面側射入外光L f時，具有沿著偏光板1 1之偏 光軸方向之振動方向之直線偏光成分之光線被取出，而抵 達由相位差板1 2及液晶層1 5所成之可變延遲器。可變 延遲器係將光線之相位差量成爲可變者，理想爲由將射入 光之特定方向之振動成分對於與此直交之振動成分延遲λ / 4 ( λ :射入光波長）之固定延遲器（相位差板1 2 ) ，與因應施加電壓將射入光之特定方向之振動成分之相位 對於與此直交之振動成分相對性地延遲λ / 2之可變延遲 層（液晶層1 5 )構成。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 作爲固定延遲層，例如可使用周知之λ / 4 ’相位差板 ，藉配置成其遲相軸對於偏光板1 1之偏光軸對既定方向 變成4 5 °角度，將透過偏光板1 1之直線偏光以特定之 迴轉方向轉換爲圓偏光。若配置成相位差板1 2之遲相軸 對於偏光板1 1之偏光軸向右向成爲4 5 °角度時，而射 出之圓偏光將變成右向之極性。相反地，若配置成相位差 板1 2之相位軸對於偏光板1 1之偏光軸向左向變成 4 5 °角度時，射出之圓偏光將變成左向之極性。 作爲可變延遲層，例如使用周知之Τ Ν液晶層1 5。 並且，對於液晶層1 5從電源2 0施加閾値以下之電壓（ 第1電壓）之狀態，亦即液晶層1 5維持初期排列之狀態 時，由液晶層1 5，射入光之特定方向之振動成分爲對於 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） -13- 1224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（11 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 直交於此之方向之振動成分延遲λ/2 ，其結果，射入之 圓偏光之迴轉方向將被倒反。又，對於Τ Ν液晶層1 5施 加飽和電壓以上之電壓（第2電壓）而解除液晶分子之扭 轉狀態時，射入光爲仍不被相位調變之狀態射出，所以圓 偏光之極性仍維持其狀態。 像這樣，將可變延遲層由Τ Ν液晶層1 5構成時，由 第1施加電壓與第2施加電壓由液晶層1 5之相位延遲會 相對地發生λ / 2。按，作爲可變延遲層係不限於Τ Ν液 晶層，由第1電壓施加時之初期取向狀態延遲射入光之相 位λ/4，也可適用施加飽和電壓以上之第2電壓時使射 入光之相位前進λ / 4之強介質液晶等。 於液晶顯示裝置1 0，例如，作爲相位差板1 2，使 .用將具有對於偏光板1 1之偏光軸向右向約略以_ 4 5 °角 度交叉之遲相軸之λ / 4相位差板，若使用左扭轉之膽固 醇液晶所構成之選擇性反射層1 8時，通過偏光板1 1到 達相位差板1 2之直線偏光，係轉換爲右圓偏光輸出。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 如第4圖Α所示，於在Τ Ν液晶層1 5從電源2 0沒 有施加電壓之〇 F F狀態（V 〇 f f )，正確爲液晶之閾 値以下之第1電壓施加狀態（包括零電壓），Τ N液晶層 1 5係從上側之基板1 3向下側之基板1 4呈現扭轉 9 0 °之螺旋構造，液晶分子係平行排列於基板。 在此狀態下，通過相位差板1 2射入於Τ N液晶層 1 5之右圓偏光，由於在Τ N液晶層1 5延遲相位λ / 2 ，被轉換爲左圓偏光而達到選擇性反射層1 8。並且，到 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） -14- 1224224 A7 B7 ___ 五、發明説明（12 ) 達選擇性反射層1 8之左圓偏光’係如上述’由選擇性反 射層1 8加以全部反射。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 所反射之左圓偏光，係再次射入於T N液晶層1 5， 藉在此再次延遲相位λ / 2 ’被轉換爲右圓偏光輸出。此 右圓偏光藉再次通過相位差板1 2 ’變成沿著偏光板1 1 之偏光軸之直線偏光’通過偏光板1 1輸出，而可得到明 亮狀態之顯示。 又，如第4圖Β所示，當在Τ Ν液晶層1 5施加飽和 電平以上之第2電壓，Τ Ν液晶層變成〇Ν狀態（V ο η )時，Τ Ν液晶就解除螺旋構造而液晶分子1 9就垂直排 列於基板1 3，1 4 ’將變成不將射入光調變相位之狀態 〇 經濟部智慈財產局員工消费合作社印製 於此狀態，從觀察面之射入光L f係經由偏光板1 1 及相位差板1 2 ，雖然成爲右向之圓偏光射入於Τ N液晶 層1 5，但是在該層1 5不加以調變相位，仍以右向圓偏 光之狀態到達選擇性反射層1 8。此右向圓偏光’將向顯 示元件背面透過。其結果，在觀察面光線爲不返回’而可 得到暗狀態之顯示。 茲啓動設於選擇性反射層1 8背面側之背面光源2 1 時之動作說明如下。 於第4圖A所示之V 〇 f f狀態，從背面光滬2 1輸 出對於選擇性反射層1 8從背面射入之光源光L b之中， 從偏光板1 1側觀看右向圓偏光爲通過選擇性反射層1 8 ，右向圓偏光將被反射。並且，通過選擇性反射層1 8之 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -15- 1224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（13 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 光線，係由T N液晶層1 5調變相位λ / 2 ，轉換爲右向 圓偏光。藉此圓偏光光通過λ / 4相位差板1 2，變成沿 著偏光板1 1之偏光軸之直線偏光，通過偏光板1 1輸出 ，而得到明亮狀態之顯示。 另一方面，於第4圖Β之V ο η狀態，從背面光源 2 1輸出對於選擇性反射層1 8從背面射入之光源光L b 之中，從偏光板1 1側觀看右向圓偏光爲通過選擇性反射 層1 8，不受到由T N液晶層1 5之相位調變，仍以其狀 態輸出。並且，藉此光線通過相位差板1 2，而變成具有 與偏光板1 1之偏光軸直交之振動方向之直線偏光，而由 偏光板1 1所吸收。其結果，就可得到暗狀態之顯示。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 於丁 N液晶層1 5之V 〇 f f及V ο η狀態，由選擇 .性反射層1 8所反射之右向圓偏光，雖然再回到背面光源 2 1側，但是，若到達裝著於背面光源2 1背面之散射反 射層2 3時，其偏光成分就被分解，而將具有左向圓偏光 成分。右向圓偏光成分因會透過選擇性反射層1 8，所以 ’在散射反射層2 3與選擇性反射層1 8之間反復反射之 中’理想爲所有反射光就轉換爲左向圓偏光，向觀察面側 輸出。因此，除了由散射反射層2 3之吸收分時，可極爲 提高從線狀光源2 4之光線之利用效率。 按，於上述構成，若配置成將相位差板1 2其遲相軸 從偏光板1 1之偏光軸向左向約略成4 5 °角度時，藉將 構成選擇性反射層1 8之膽固醇液晶之扭轉方向成爲右向 ，就可達成與上述同樣之動作。 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） -16 - 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1224224 A7 __ B7 五、發明説明（14 ) 若依據構成爲如上述之液晶顯示裝置1 0 ，對於從選 擇性反射層1 8之主面所射入之光線之反射/透過關係， 與對於從背面射入之光線之反射/透過關係，係關於射入 之圓偏光之迴轉方向成爲相同關係。因此，在可變延遲器 調變射入光之相位之0 F F狀態下，可得到明亮狀態之顯 示，在液晶層1 5不調變相位之〇N狀態時，就可得到暗 狀態之顯示。因此，由同一構成之顯示元件就可利用來自 偏光板1 1側之射入外光L f之反射型顯示，與利用背面 光源2 1之光線L b之透過型顯示。同時，欲利用外光時 ，及利用背面光源2 1時之任一狀態，可得到光線利用效 率極高之顯示.，可進行明亮顯示。 又，藉將選擇性反射層1 8形成爲屬於可變延遲器之 T N液晶元件內部，與在基板1 4配置選擇性反射層時相 較，由於基板1 4之視差就會消失。 按，於上述實施例，雖然將扭轉向列液晶元件作爲可 變延遲器使用，但是，若爲將射入光之相位偏移2分之1 或不調變相位可由電場控制之元件時，就可得到與上述同 樣之效果。例如，作爲其他之實施例，也可使用將習知公 知之向列液晶向基板之方向平行地取向之水平取向型向列 液晶元件，又，也可使用將向列液晶向基板方向垂直地取 向之垂直取向型向列液晶元件。 又，也可使用反強電介性液晶元件或強電介性液晶元 件等，將射入於液晶層之偏光之相位向右向偏移4分之1 波長或將向左向偏移4分之1波長可由電場所控制者。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） I—J---—----^---訂—---- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -17- 1224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（15 ) 例如，作爲可變延遲器，使用對於基板水平取向之向 列液晶，在液晶層平面方向設可施加電場之手段之水平取 向型向列液晶元件時，液晶層係乘上液晶材料之折射率各 向異性△ η與液晶層厚d之△ n d値，約略成爲1 4 0 n m。其結果，將作爲4分之1波長板發揮其功能。 藉在此液晶層施加平面方向之電場，若使液晶分子爲 在液晶層厚全體將平面方位可改變9 0 °時，將偏光板之 偏光軸與液晶分子排列方向所成之角度藉成爲交叉角 4 5° ，對於從觀察側射入之光線，就可將射入於液晶層 之直線偏光成爲右向及左向之圓偏光射出。 所以，可將圓偏光選擇性地反射之選擇性反射層1 8 將射入光偏光性地使其反射/透過。又，對於從基板1 4 .之背面側射入之光線，係將通過選擇性反射層1 8所得到 之圓偏光，就可將極性完全相反之2種直線偏光偏光性地 轉換。像這樣即使對於從基板1 3之上側射入之光線，即 使對於從基板1 4下側射入之光線，以相同電壓狀態可得 到相同顯示狀態。 使用於液晶顯示裝置1 0之選擇性反射層1 8，係對 於可視光域之所有波長之光線雖然發揮上述機能，作用， 但是，欲獲得優無彩色之白黑顯示或色再現性之彩色顯示 上較佳。 例如，如上述實施例，由膽固醇液晶層來構成選擇性 反射層.1 8時，乘上其螺旋節距p與膽固醇液晶聚合物之 平均折射率η之η p値，如網羅從可視光波長之最短波長 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ 297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝· 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -18- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1224224 A7 B7___ 五、發明説明（16 ) 列最長波長，藉變成將螺旋節距爲沿著層厚方向連續性地 變化之螺旋構造，就可得到對應於可視光領域之所有波長 之偏光反射能。 構成膽固醇液晶之棒狀高分子，係具有螺旋構造，射 入平行於螺旋軸之光線時，將會布喇格（Bragg )反射螺旋 節距相等之光線波長。亦即，將相等於η p値波長之光線 作爲中心波長，以乘上折射率各向異性△ η與螺旋節距ρ 之△ η ρ値相等頻帶寬度（波長範圍），得到布喇格反射 〇 按，上述折射率各向異性△ η，係表示沿著棒狀液晶 高分子之長軸方向之折射率與沿著短軸方向之折射率之差 値，又，平均折射率，係由沿著液晶高分子之長軸方向之 折射率，與沿著短軸方向折射率之2次方和之平方根來求 取。 然而，膽固醇液晶之折射率各向異性△ η只存在有〇 〜0 . 3者，並且，膽固醇液晶之平均折射率η也只存在 有1 . 4〜1 · 6者，所以將上述布喇格反射之中心波長 欲配合可視波長之中心波長（約5 5 0 n m )爲困難之事 。因此，如上述，將膽固醇液晶之螺旋節距沿著液晶層之 厚方向變化，爲及至可視光波長領域全域欲獲得偏光反射 能爲極有效。 欲獲得像這種螺旋節距會變化之膽固醇液晶層，係將 節距相異之2種以上之膽固醇液晶聚合物層連續地積層， 將膽固醇液晶材料塗敷於基板固化時，在塗敷後之膜表面 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210Χ297公釐） ----1-------批衣----Ί I--訂----- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -19- 1224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（17 ) 使膽固醇液晶之螺旋節距變長之添加劑，例如塗層（ coating )螺旋節距爲無限大之向列液晶等之方法爲較佳。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 又，於上述實施例，作爲施加於可變延遲層之電壓施 加V 〇 n與V 〇 f f中間之電壓，當然也可使其顯示中間 色。 由以上，將液晶顯示裝置1 〇，利用外光作爲反射型 顯示元件動作時，又利用背面光源2 1作爲透過型顯示元 件使其動作時之任一情形，都可達成高光線利用效率。 又，如上述，設於陣列基板上之各T F T 3 1 ，係閘 電極3 3爲具有配置於半導體膜3 6下之底閘（ bottom gate)構造。此時，從陣列基板向T F T 3 1射入之外光， 係不射入於由閘電極3 3所遮蔽之半導體膜3 6。其結果 .，若將液晶顯示裝置1 0在屋外使用時，可防止由外光發 生之光線洩漏電流之顯示對比之降低。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 在透明之像素電極1 6之邊界部，因配置有訊號線 3 2，掃描線3 4，補助電容線之任一之配線電極，所以 ，作爲背面光源2 1之半透過型之液晶顯示裝置使用時， 從背面光源之光線防止洩漏，不至於降低對比。 欲貼合陣列基板與對向基板所用之密封劑，係塗敷於 沒有形成對向基板之選擇性反射層1 8之領域較佳。在選 擇性反射層1 8上密封劑之附著性爲不良，對於1萬時間 以上之長時間使用，恐怕會發生基板剝離等可靠性問題之 虞。又，在選擇性反射層1 8上若塗敷密封性良好之上塗 層（over coat)時，就可避免上述可靠性之問題。上塗層劑 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210Χ297公釐） -20- 1224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（18 ) ，係例如，可使用通常使用於濾色層之丙烯樹脂等。 另一方面，於上述之液晶顯示裝置1 0，設於玻璃基 板1 4與選擇性反射層1 8間之膽固醇液晶層6 0，將具 有背面光源2 1之頻帶濾波器之功能。 亦即，膽固醇液晶層6 0係膽固醇液晶之螺旋節距p 與膽固醇液晶聚合物之平均折射率η之積p n，若位於濾 色層5 0之分光透過率特性之尖峰波長間之波長光之 470〜5 1 Onm範圍時，如網羅5 60〜6 OOnm 之範圍，具有螺旋節距爲沿著液晶層之層厚方向連續性地 變化之螺旋構造。所以，從背面光源2 1所射出光線之圓 偏光成分之中，470〜510nm之範圍，與560〜 6 0 〇 n m之範圍成分，係由膽固醇液晶層6 0所反射， 不至於透過選擇性反射層1 8。 第7圖係表示膽固醇液晶層6 0之透過率波長分散特 性。螺旋節距之扭轉方向，係成爲與選擇性反射層1 8之 膽固醇液晶之扭轉節距相同方向。同方向時，與選擇性反 射層1 8連續形成膽固醇液晶層6 0時製造就變成容易。 按，於本實施例，係將此膽固醇液晶層6 0形成於玻璃基 板1 4內面，但是也可形成於玻璃基板1 4之外面。 作爲背面光源2 1之線狀光源2 4，係具有如第8圖 之發光光譜之畫光螢光燈，或可使用如第9圖所示在紅， 綠，藍之3波長具有發光光譜尖峰之3波長螢光燈。 3波長管之發光亮度之分光特性，係如第9圖所不’ 其不只是本質上所需要之440，540，6 20nm附 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） ml· mi ·ϋϋ ml mi^1111^11¾ In —ι_ϋ Μβββ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 會 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -21 - 1224224 A7 __ B7_ 五、發明説明（19 ) 近之尖峰，在470〜51〇nm，560〜600nm (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 範圍也具有多餘之尖峰。又，晝光色螢光燈，係這些範圍 之發光分會變成更大。然而，由於膽固醇液晶層6 0，可 有效地遮斷470〜510nm，560〜6〇〇nm範 圍之波長光線，任一螢光燈都可使用。 將構成爲如上述之液晶顯示裝置1 0，在暗處，點燈 背面光源2 1之狀態下測定時之紅，藍，綠之色再現範圍 在第1 0圖以實線A表示。又，爲了比較，從液晶顯示裝 置1 0取除膽固醇液晶層6 0，並且，將線狀光源之線狀 光源2 4從畫光色螢光燈取代爲3波長管時之色再現範圍 在第1 0圖以虛線B表示。由這些比較就可淸楚，本實施 例之液晶顯示裝置1 0者其色再現範圍較寬，尤其紅，綠 之再現性爲良好。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 又，於本實施例，膽固醇液晶層6 0若將5 5 0 n m 之透過率視爲1時，在4 7 0〜5 1 0 nm範圍之最大透 過率爲0 ·〇6 ，在560〜6〇〇nm範圍之最大透過 率將變成0 . 0 0 8程度。經種種嘗試膽固醇液晶層6〇 之透過率之結果，這些最大透過率大約0 . 1以下時，曉 得了可獲得良好之色再現性。 按，於上述實施例，將膽固醇液晶層6 0之液晶分子 之扭轉方向雖然使與選擇性反射層1 8之膽固醇液晶之扭 轉方向相符，但是相反地也可形成爲相反方向。又，將膽 固醇液晶層6 0能夠具有在4 7 0〜5 1 0 nm範圍具有 最大透過率之層，與在5 6 0〜6 0 0 nm範圍具有最大 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -22- 1224224 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7五、發明説明（20 ) 透過率之層，也可將螺旋節距相異之複數層不連續性地形 成。 如以上，若依據有關本發明之液晶顯示裝置1 0，利 用外光作爲反射型之顯示元件動作時，及利用背面光源作 爲透過型之顯示元件時，於任一情形，色再現性不太會變 化，可獲得高亮度之顯示晝面。所以，反射顯示時，將背 面光源作爲補助性使用，或，透過顯示時就不必提高背面 光源之亮度，可減低消費電力。 茲就有關本發明之第2實施例之液晶顯示裝置說明如 下。 如第1 1圖及第12圖所示，依據第2實施例，在對 向配置之一對玻璃基板1 3，1 4間夾持T N液晶層1 5 .所構成之T N液晶元件，係對向基板配置於前面側，陣列 基板爲配置於背面側。亦即，在構成對向基板之玻璃基板 1 4內面上，依序形成第1濾色層5 0及對向電極1 7， 在玻璃基板1 4外面上，依序設有相位差板1 2及偏光板 11° 又，在構成陣列基板之玻璃基板1 3內面上，設有選 擇性反射層1 8及像素電極1 6，對向於玻璃基板1 3外 面配置有背面光源2 1。若依據本實施例，替代於上述第 1實施例之膽固醇液晶層6 0，設有帶通濾波器7 0。亦 即，在玻璃基板1 3與選擇性反射層1 8間設有帶通濾波 器7 0。按，在帶通濾波器7 0上，設有訊號線及掃描線 之配線及T F T 3 1，連接於像素電極1 6。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） — -23- (請先閲讀背面之注意事 —•I 項再填· 裝— :寫本頁) 、11 會 1224224 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（21 ) 與其他構成及上述第1實施例相同，同一部分標示了 胃一參照符號而省略其詳細說明。 若依據備有上述構成之液晶顯示裝置1 0之液晶顯示 裝置，如第1 2圖所示，在對於T N液晶層1 5從電源 2〇沒有施加電壓之〇F F狀態（V 〇 f f ) ，T N液晶 層1 5係呈現從基板1 3向下側基板1 4扭轉9 0 °之螺 旋構造，液晶分子係平行地排列於基板。 在此狀態下，通過偏光板1 1及相位差板1 2射入於 T N液晶層1 5之外光L f之右圓偏光，係在T N液晶層 1 5因相位延遲λ / 2，被轉換爲左圓偏光而到達選擇性 反射層1 8。並且，到達選擇性反射層1 8之左圓偏光， 係由選擇性反射層1 8全部加以反射再次射入於Τ Ν液晶 層1 5，在此由於相位再延遲又/2，而轉換爲_右圓偏光 輸出。由於此右圓偏光再次通過相位差板1 2，變成沿著 偏光板1 1之偏光軸之直線偏光，而通過偏光板1 1輸出 ，可得到明亮狀態之顯示。 又，如第1 3圖所示，對於Τ Ν液晶層1 5施加飽和 電平以上之第2電壓，變成Τ Ν液晶層爲〇Ν狀態（ V ο η )時，Τ Ν液晶係解除螺旋構造而液晶分子1 9就 垂直排列於基板1 3，1 4，將變成不調變相位之射入光 狀態。於此狀態，從觀察面之射入光L f ，係經由偏光板 1 1及相位差板1 2，雖然成爲右向圓偏光射入於Τ N液 晶層1 5，但是在該層1 5不調變相位，仍以右向圓偏光 之狀態到達選擇性反射層1 8。此右向圓偏光係向顯示元 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事 蟀 項再填· 裝--I :寫本頁) 訂 .费 -24 - 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1224224 A7 B7___ 五、發明説明（22 ) 件之背面透過。其結果，在觀察面光線爲不返回’可得到 暗狀態之顯示。 另一方面，於第1 2圖所示之V 〇 f f狀態，從背面 光源2 1輸出在選擇性反射層1 8從背面側射入光源光 L b之中，從偏光板1 1側觀看左向圓偏光係通過選擇性 反射層1 8 ，右向之圓偏光將被反射。並且，通過選擇性 反射層1 8之光線，係由T N液晶層1 5調變相位λ / 2 ，而轉換爲右向之圓偏光。此圓偏光因通過相位差板1 2 ，變成沿著偏光板1 1之偏光軸之直線偏光，通過偏光板 1 1輸出而可獲得明亮狀態之顯示。 於第1 3圖表示¥〇11狀態，射入於從背面光源21 輸出之選擇性反射層1 8之光源光L b之中，從偏光板 .1 1側觀看左向之圓偏光係通過選擇性反射層1 ’ 8，不受 到由T N液晶層1 5之相位調變，仍以其狀態輸出。並且 ，此光線由於通過相位差板1 2，變成具有與偏光板5之 偏光軸直交之振動方向之直線偏光，而被偏光板1 1吸收 。其結果，可得到暗狀態之顯示。 於T N液晶層1 5之V 〇 f f及V ο η狀態，由選擇 性反射層1 8所反射之右向之圓偏光，雖然再回到背面光 源2 1側，但是到達裝著於背面光源2 1背面之散射反射 層2 3時，其偏光成分就被分解，而將具有左向之圓偏光 成分。左向之圓偏光成分因會透過選擇性反射層1 8，所 以，在散射反射層2 3與選擇性反射層1 8間反復反射之 中，理想情況爲所有之反射光轉換爲左向之圓偏光，向觀 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） I--^--J---0»^------1Τ------ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -25- 1224224 A 7 B7 五、發明説明（23 ) 察面側輸出。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 茲就第1濾色層5 0詳細說明如下。若液晶顯示裝置 1 〇具有反射型之液晶顯示裝置機能時，如第1 1圖所示 ，從觀察側射入之外光L f ，係將透過2次設於前面側之 玻璃基板1 4之第1濾色層5 0。 於是，在第1濾色層5 0，與先前同樣，因光線透過 二次濾色層使用能夠變成所需色濃度之分光特性。第1 4 圖係表示第1濾色層5 0之分光特性，第1 5圖係表示光 線透過二次第1濾色層5 0時之分光特性。第1 5圖之分 光特性將變成第1 4圖所示分光特性之各波長之透過率之 二次方。. 由這些圖就可淸楚，只有透過一次第1濾色層5 0者 不能充分得到色濃度，透過二次第1濾色層5 0者就能充 分得到色濃度。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 另一方面，若使用背面光源2 1將液晶顯示裝置1 0 作爲具有透過型之液晶顯示裝置機能時，如第1 1圖所示 ，從背面光源2 1之射入光L b係只通過一次濾色層5〇 。此時，如上述，不能得到充分之色濃度。 在此，依據本實施例，在選擇性反射層1 8與背面光 源2 1之間，尤其，在選擇性反射層之下配置有帶通濾波 器7 0。此帶通濾波器7 〇係由色吸收濾波器所構成，更 具體爲與第1濾色層5 0同樣由在丙烯樹脂等之有機媒體 中分散顏料之第2濾色層7 2所構成。 第2濾色層7 2係從背面之光線爲依序透過第2濾色 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -26- 1224224 A7 B7 _____ 五、發明説明（24 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 層7 2，第1濾色層5 0時，如第1 6圖所示，設計成可 獲得與先前之透過型用濾色層同等分之分光特性。亦即’ 第2濾色層7 2之分光特性爲成爲將先前之透過型用濾色 層之分光特性之各波長之透過率，以第1濾色層5 0之分 光特性之各波長之透過率所除之數値所得到之分光特性就 可以。 第1 7圖係表示由像這樣所得到之顏料分散方式之第 2濾色層7 2之分光特性。如上述，具有透過型之液晶顯 示裝置機能時，從背面光源2 1射出之光線L b，因將依 序透過第2濾色層7 2，第1濾色層5 0，所以，顯示圖 像之色濃度，係如第1 6圖所示，將變成雙方之濾色層之 綜合分光特性。因此，即使作爲透過型之液晶顯示裝置使 用時，與先前之透過型同樣，可獲得充分濃之色濃度之圖 像。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 此時，從背面光源2 1射出之光線，係只要偏光成分 相符時因全部會透過選擇性反射層1 8，所以，選擇性反 射層1 8不會成爲遮光層發生作用，不會發生光線損失。 又，選擇性反射層1 8本身會發揮偏光子之機能，具有可 省略1片偏光板之效果。 按，於上述液晶顯示裝置，第2濾色層7 2及選擇性 反射層1 8，係如第1 8圖所示，也可以設在背面側之玻 璃基板1 3外面，即使於這種情形，可獲得與上述第2實 施例同樣之效果。又，此時，爲了減輕由於玻璃基板1 3 厚度之視差，第2濾色層7 2係對於第1濾色層5 0，向 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） ' -27- 1224224 A7 ___ B7_ 五、發明説明（25 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 玻璃基板1 3之既定距離偏移配置，而可以成爲作爲透過 型發揮功能之領域爲中心之圖案排列。並且，將選擇性反 射層1 8成爲薄膜狀獨立製作，藉張貼於玻璃基板1 3， 就可簡化製造。 又’如第1 9圖所示，作爲選擇性反射層1 8使用膽 固醇液晶聚合物所成之選擇性反射層，也可選擇性反射層 1 8兼用爲第2濾色層7 2。具體上，爲在膽固醇液晶聚 合物層內添加於油墨等所使用之染料（R G B )。在此所 使用之膽固醇液晶聚合物層，係螺旋節距在層內連續性地 變化者，具體上爲選擇反射紫外線之光線之節距之膽固醇 液晶聚合物層，例如，華茄化學公司製之膽固醇L C矽， 與選擇反射紅外線紫外線域之光線之節距之膽固醇液晶聚 合物層，藉連續形成例如華茄化學公司製之膽固醇L C矽 ，就可由界面之互動效果（interaction effct )加以形成。 經濟部智慧財產局Μ工消費合作社印製 這種由膽固醇液晶聚合物層所成之選擇性反射層1 8 ，係與上述第2實施例之選擇性反射層同樣，從上射入之 光線L f ，從下射入之光線L b，都分離，透過，反射左 右之圓偏光。因此，若將T N液晶層1 5成爲λ / 2相位 差時，藉將相位差之控制成爲0〜λ / 2，就可將圓偏光 之相位偏移0至λ/2，而可換接左右之圓偏光。又，藉 變成由第2濾色層7 2，與膽固醇液晶聚合物層所成之選 擇性反射層1 8所兼用之層，就可削減全體液晶顯示裝置 之層數。 並且，如第2 0圖所示，作爲帶通濾波器7 0也可使 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） -28- 1224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（26) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 用干擾濾波器7 4。作爲此干擾濾波器7 4，例如將複數 之電介質交替地積層者爲人所知曉。藉適當調整這種電介 質多層膜之材料，折射率，所積層之層數，就可得到所需 之透過率特性。 第2 1圖係表示干擾濾波器7 4之透過率特性，若與 第1 4圖所示第1濾色層5 0之分光特性比較時，透過干 擾濾波器7 4之光線，就曉得其爲更狹頻帶之光線。因此 ，背面光源2 1之線狀光源2 4，爲與第1實施例同樣具 有如第8圖所示之發光光譜時，光源光之中，例如，相當 於第1濾色層5 0之G之透過光之底邊領域之波長光線， 因由干擾濾波器7 4所切離，所以，可獲得較佳色濃度之 圖像。 按，於第1 8圖至第2 0圖所示之變形例，其他構成 爲與第2實施例相同，對於同一部分標示了同一參照符號 而省略其詳細說明。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 依據構成如以上之第2實施例如及各變形例’利用外 光作爲反射型之液晶顯示裝置動作時，及利用背面光源作 爲透過型之液晶顯示裝置動作時之任一情況’都可獲得明 亮色濃度高之顯示。又，迄今就使用a — S i T F T之例 說明，當然本發明也可適用於使用聚矽T F T之情形。 圖式之簡單說明。 第1圖係有關本發明之實施例之液晶顯示裝置之剖面 圖。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -29- 1224224 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 ______B7 五、發明説明（27 ) 第2圖係將上述液晶顯示裝置之陣列基板放大表示之 剖面圖。 第3圖係槪略地表示上述陣列基板之平面圖。 第4圖A係對於上述液晶顯示裝置之液晶層將電源施 加第1電壓狀態之模式性地表示之圖。 第4圖B係對於上述液晶顯示裝置之液晶層將電源施 加第2電壓狀態之模式性地振之圖。 第5圖係將於上述液晶顯示裝置之選擇性反射層之動 作原理以模式性地表示之圖。 第6圖係表示於上述液晶顯示裝置之濾色層之分光特 性之圖。 第7圖係表示於上述液晶顯示裝置之膽固醇層之透過 率波長分散特性之圖。 第8圖係表示使用於背面光源之線狀光源之畫光色螢 光燈之發光光譜之圖。 第9圖係表示使用於背面光源之線狀光源之3波長管 之發光光譜之圖。 第1 0圖係表示上述液晶顯示裝置及比較例之色再現 範圍之圖。 第1 1圖係有關本發明之第2實施例之液晶顯示裝置 之剖面圖。 第1 2圖係有關第2實施例之上述液晶顯示裝置之液 晶層將電源施加第1電壓狀態之模式性地表示之圖。 第1 3圖係有關第2實施形態之上述液晶顯示裝置之 (請先閲讀背面之注意事 噼 項再填< 裝-- :寫本頁) 訂 脅 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -30- 1224224 A7 _ B7 五、發明説明（28 ) 液晶層將電源施加第2電壓狀態之模式性地表示之圖。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 第1 4圖係表示有關第2實施例之液晶顯示裝置之第 1濾色層之分光特性之圖。 第1 5圖係表示將上述液晶顯示裝置作爲反射型發揮 機能時之綜合濾色層分光特性一例之圖。 第1 6圖係表示上述液晶顯示裝置之第2濾色層之分 光特性一例之圖。 第1 7圖係表示將上述液晶顯示裝置作爲透過型發揮 機能時之綜合濾色層分光特性一例之圖。 第1 8圖係表示有關本發明之第1變形例之液晶顯示 裝置之剖面圖。 第1 9圖係表示有關本發明之第2變形例之液晶顯示 .裝置之剖面圖。 第2 0圖係表示有關本發明之第3變形例之液晶顯示 裝置之剖面圖。 第2 1圖係表示於第3變形例之干擾濾波器之透過率 特性之圖。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 〔符號之說明〕 1〇：液晶顯示裝置， 1 1 :偏光板， 1 2 :相位差板， 1 3 :玻璃基板（陣列基板）， 15: ( T N )液晶層’ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（210x 297公釐） -31 - 1224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（29 ) 1 6 :像素電極， 1 7 :對向電極， (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1 8 f :主面（選擇性反射層）， 1 8 b :他方之主面（選擇性反射層）， 1 9 :液晶分子（膽固醇液晶）， 2 0 :電源， 21:背面光源， 2 2 :導光體， 2 3 :散射反射層， 2 4 :散射反射層， 3 1 :薄膜電晶體（T F T )， 3 2 :訊號線， 3 3 :閘電極， 3 4 :掃描線， 3 5 :氧化膜， 3 6 :半導體膜， 3 7 :低電阻半導體膜， 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 3 8 :鈍化膜， 3 9 :汲極電極， 4 0 :接觸孔， 4 1 :源極電極， 4 2 :基板之周緣部（密封部）， 3 2 :密封材， 5 0:(第1 )濾色層， 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -32 - 1224224 A7 B7 五、發明説明（3〇 益旧 ， ， 晶器層器 液波色波 醇濾濾濾 固 通 2 擾 膽帶第干 0 0 2 4 6 7 7 7 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 嚷 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -33-1224224 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (1) [Background of the invention] (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) The present invention relates to a color liquid crystal display device with a color filter layer, especially a rear light source and reflection The external light reflecting plate can be used as a transflective color liquid crystal display device that functions as a reflective and transmissive color liquid crystal display device. In recent years, liquid crystal display devices have been used in various fields such as display of notebook personal computers (pc), monitors, car navigation, function computers, small and medium-sized televisions, and the like. It has been under review. In particular, since reflective liquid crystal display devices do not require a back light, they want to use the benefits of low power consumption and thinness and light weight, and they are used in portable PC and other portable device displays. However, the conventional reflective liquid crystal display device uses external light to display the same as paper. Therefore, if the use environment itself is dark, the display screen becomes dark and cannot be used. It is completely unavailable, especially in the dark. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs for this problem, it can be used as a transmissive liquid crystal display device using a back light source in a dark environment, and the reflective plate can be a semi-transparent reflective plate, such as a half mirror. Developed a semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device with a back light source. In addition, it has been reviewed that a semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device is provided in a reflecting plate with a pin hole corresponding to each pixel, and a micro lens is arranged for each pixel. According to this liquid crystal display device, when used as a reflective liquid crystal display device, only the pinhole component reduces the brightness of the display screen compared with a normal reflective liquid crystal display device. In addition, if the paper size is applied as a transmissive liquid crystal display device to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -4- 1224224 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) (Please read the precautions on the back before (Fill in this page) In use, the light emitted from the back light source is focused by a micro lens and passed through a pinhole, and the brightness of the display screen is the same as that of a normal transmissive liquid crystal display device. This improves the brightness of the transflective liquid crystal display device. This semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device can display color display by providing a color filter layer. That is, the previous semi-transmissive color liquid crystal display device was composed of a filter plate, a front substrate, a color filter layer, a driving electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a back substrate, a semi-reflective plate, and a back light source in order. The color filter is located in front of the reflector, that is, on the viewer's side. Therefore, when the liquid crystal display device functions as a reflective type, external light is incident from the front substrate side, passes through the color filter layer, is reflected by the reflective plate, and is emitted through the liquid crystal layer and the color filter layer to the outside. That is, it will become through 2. Light path of the secondary color filter. Therefore, the color filter layer is the same as a normal reflection type color liquid crystal display device, and the color filter layer is used to obtain the desired spectral characteristics when the light is transmitted twice. When printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs as a reflective liquid crystal display device, the light source is external light and the light intensity cannot be freely controlled. In addition, if a polarizing plate is used, the transmittance of the entire element cannot be sufficient, so the spectral characteristics of the color filter layer are such that when the maximum transmittance is regarded as 1, the minimum transmittance also becomes 0. 1 or more. Therefore, the spectral characteristics of the color filter layer are designed to change to a light-colored density to a degree that a sufficient coloration cannot be obtained when the color filter layer is transmitted only once. In fact, the spectral characteristics of the above-mentioned color filter layer when the light is transmitted through the second time are lighter than the spectral characteristics of the R G color filter layer used in the previous transmissive liquid crystal display device. This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -5- 1224224 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (3) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) On the other hand, if When a transflective liquid crystal display device is used as a transmissive type, the light emitted from the rear light source passes through the color filter layer only once. Therefore, the spectral characteristics of the display when the transmission type exerts its function are the spectral characteristics when the color filter layer is transmitted once, that is, the spectral characteristics of the color filter layer will become the same. When using the color filter layer as described above, It becomes extremely light-colored. On the contrary, when a transflective liquid crystal display device is used as a color filter layer in the spectral characteristics of a conventional transmissive liquid crystal display device, the display brightness is significantly insufficient when it functions as a reflective type. In this way, in the conventional semi-transmissive color liquid crystal display device, the display brightness becomes significantly darker when it functions as a reflection type, or the display color density becomes lighter when it functions as a transmission type, and only one of them can be obtained. Optical characteristics. [Summary of Invention] The present invention was printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs in view of the inventors mentioned above, and its purpose is to provide a device with sufficient brightness even when functioning as a reflection type and functioning as a transmission type. Semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device for color density display. In order to achieve the above object, a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes: a front substrate and a back substrate, which are arranged to face each other, each including a liquid crystal drive electrode, and sandwiched between the front substrate and the back substrate. The liquid crystal layer whose phase of incident light is adjusted in response to the applied voltage, and a phase difference plate and a polarizing axis which are sequentially placed on one of the front substrate and the back substrate, and have a polarization axis. ) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -6- Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 1224224 A7 ___ B7 _ V. Polarization plate of invention description (4) and semi-transparent semi-reflective plate formed on other substrates And a color filter layer disposed on the front substrate side more than the semi-transmissive semi-reflective plate, a rear light source disposed on the rear side of the other substrate, and disposed between the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer and the rear light source A cholesteric liquid crystal layer that selectively reflects light with a wavelength between the peak wavelengths adjacent to each other in the spectral transmittance characteristics of the color filter layer. According to the representative structure of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, from the viewing side, a liquid crystal layer having a phase adjustment function of light rays, such as a polarizing plate, a retardation plate, a color filter layer, and a variable retarder layer function, is sequentially arranged. The reflective reflective layer selectively reflects the light from the light source on the back side, and arranges the cholesteric liquid crystal layer transmitted therethrough. Due to this cholesteric liquid crystal layer, the wavelength characteristics of the back light source are suitable for the spectral transmittance characteristics of the color filter layer. That is, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer selectively reflects and cuts off the wavelength between the peak wavelengths of the color filter layer, and adjusts the light emission spectrum of the light source on the back. The liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes: a front substrate and a rear substrate, which are arranged to face each other, and are provided with a liquid crystal drive electrode on each inner surface; and sandwiched between the front substrate and the rear substrate, in accordance with application The liquid crystal layer whose voltage modulates the phase of incident light, the phase difference plate and the polarizing plate having a polarizing axis placed in order on the outside of one of the front substrate and the back substrate, and formed on the other substrate and transmitted The selective reflection layer of the first circularly polarized light component reflecting the incident light and the second circularly polarized light component in a direction opposite to the first circularly polarized light component and the first color filter disposed on the front substrate side than the selective reflective layer. Layer, and a back light source disposed on the back side of the above back substrate, and disposed above the selective reflection layer above the paper size Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X29 * 7 mm) --- J --- V. --AWI ^ ---- ^ --- Order ----- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) -7- 1224224 Printed by A7 _B7, Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Note (5) describes the band-pass filter on the back light source side. When the liquid crystal display device of the above structure functions as a reflection type, the incident light will pass through the first color filter layer twice, so the spectral transmittance characteristics of the first color filter layer are set to the light transmitted through the second time. To be able to be colored to the desired color. Therefore, the spectral transmittance characteristic of the first color filter layer will be changed to a wider frequency band characteristic. As a transmissive function, 'the light from the back light source passes through the first color filter layer only once, so before entering the first color filter layer, the light source light is narrowed by a band-pass filter in advance.' The display characteristics of brightness and color density are the same as those of the conventional transmissive color liquid crystal display device. As the band-pass filter, a so-called interference filter or a second color filter layer composed of a color absorption filter can be used. As an interference filter, for example,. A dielectric multilayer film in which a plurality of dielectric layers are alternately laminated is used. As the color absorption filter, for example, a pigment or a dye added to an organic medium can be used. When the selective reflection layer is formed on the inner surface of the back substrate, and the color absorption filter is arranged under the selective reflection layer, the parallax caused by the thickness of the substrate is not prevented, and the decrease in color density due to color deviation can be prevented. In addition, when the second color filter layer is provided on an array substrate having an active element such as a thin film transistor, a pixel electrode is formed on a scanning line, a signal line, a thin film transistor, or the like, so that it can be used as an interlayer insulating film. A high aperture ratio can be achieved. In addition, the pigment is dispersed in a selective reflection layer made of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer, or it can function as a second color filter layer due to the mixing of dyes. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297). (%) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) -8-1224224 A7 _B7 5. In the description of the invention (6), the selective reflection layer and the second color filter layer can be made into the same layer, which can be reduced The total number of layers of the liquid crystal display device. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) [Detailed description of the preferred embodiment] Let's refer to the drawings' to explain the semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment in detail as follows. First, the basic configuration of the liquid crystal display device 10 according to this embodiment will be described below. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4A, the liquid crystal display device 10 is provided; a polarizing plate 11, a retardation plate 12, a color filter layer 50, and an optical phase modulation are sequentially arranged from the viewer. Twisted nematic liquid crystal (hereinafter referred to as TN) liquid crystal layer 15; semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer selective reflection layer 18; cholesterol liquid crystal layer 60; back light source. 2 1 〇 Printed liquid crystal display device 1 10 by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs; two glass substrates 1 3 and 14 arranged opposite to each other to clamp the twisted nematic phase modulation (hereinafter referred to as TN) a TN display element formed by the liquid crystal layer 15. The viewer side of the TN display element, that is, on the outside of the glass substrate 13, is sequentially provided with a retardation plate 12 and a polarizing plate 11. Further, a rear light source 24 is provided to face the glass substrate 14 of the other side. The phase difference plates 12 and 2 function as fixed delay layers, and the T N liquid crystal layer 15 and 15 function as variable delay layers, respectively. These fixed and variable delay layers constitute a variable retarder. The glass substrate 1 3 on the viewer side of the TN liquid crystal element constitutes an array substrate. A color filter layer 50 is provided on the inner surface of the glass substrate 13. The color filter layer is formed from transparent I TO (Indium Tin Oxide). There are many pixel electronic paper sizes that apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -9- Ϊ224224 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page} 6 is arranged in a matrix. Furthermore, on the glass substrate 13, the signal lines 3 2 and the scanning lines 3 4 including the gate electrode 3 3 are arranged in a matrix, and an auxiliary capacitor electrode (not shown) is provided as necessary. In addition, a thin film transistor (hereinafter referred to as a TFT) 3 1 as a switching element is provided at the intersection of the signal line 32 and the scanning line 34, and the pixel electrode 16 is connected to each other. The signal line 3 2 and An oxide film 35 is formed on the scanning line 34, and each TFT 31 is provided with an amorphous silicon (a — S i) provided on the gate electrode 3 3 through the oxide film 35. The semiconductor film 36 is a source electrode 41 and a drain electrode provided on the semiconductor film through the low-resistance semiconductor film 37. The electrode 39 is covered with a passivation film 3 8. According to the above, each pixel electrode 16 is connected to the source electrode through a contact hole 40 formed at a 10 ° / zm angle of the color filter layer 50. 4 1 0 The color filter layer 50 printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is a comprehensive arrangement of the pixel section. This color filter layer 50 is composed of three primary colors of red, green, and blue, or yellow and magenta. The navy blue complementary color 3 primary color filter layer is formed by pixel electrodes 16 and counter electrodes 17 arranged in a matrix, and the TN liquid crystal layer 15 is controlled by an electric field in a pixel unit by adding mixed colors for color display. As a color filter Layer 50 is the one with high spectral transmittance as shown in Figure 6 (transmittance, Y 値 of CIE—XYZ plain color system (Standard Colorimetric System), above 40%). At this time, In bright places, when no backlight is used to display external light as a light source, the brightness of the displayed image is improved. On the other hand, the glass substrates 1 and 4 on the back side of the TN liquid crystal element constitute the opposing substrate. Glass substrate 1 4 Pixel electrode 1 6 Opposite face paper Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -10- 1224224 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (8) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page), it is almost fully formed by IT The counter electrode 17 formed by a transparent conductive film such as 〇 and the like. Between the glass substrate 14 and the counter electrode 17 are provided a selective reflection layer 18 for polymerizing cholesterol liquid into a thin film, and having a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective layer function, and a cholesterol liquid crystal layer 60. It is preferred that the counter electrode 17 is simultaneously subjected to the usual mask sputter method for film formation and patterning. At this time, when the counter electrode 17 is formed, the process load of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 60 can be minimized. Orientation films (not shown) are formed on the surfaces of the T N liquid crystal layer 15 in contact with the array substrate and the counter substrate, respectively. These alignment film systems are formed such that the alignment axes thereof are orthogonal to each other, whereby the twist angle system of the T N liquid crystal layer 15 becomes 90 °. The array substrate and the base substrate are bonded to each other by a sealing material 4 3 applied along a peripheral edge portion (seal portion) 4 2 of both substrates. The rear light source 2 1 printed on the glass substrate 1 4 on the back side of the consumer property cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is provided with a light guide 22 made of a transparent plate such as acrylic, and the light guide 2 2 arranged on the side of the light guide. The linear light source 24 and the scattering reflection layer 23 provided on the back surface of the light guide body 3 °. Next, the above-mentioned liquid crystal display device 10 will be described in more detail, together with its operation principle. As shown in Figure 5, the selective reflection layer 18 composed of cholesteric liquid crystal reflects only the left circularly polarized component or the right circularly polarized component of the incident light reaching one of its main surfaces, and transmits the opposite direction of the reflective component. The right circular polarized component or left circular polarized component, and the incident light reaching the opposite main surface is only applicable to the Chinese paper standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 1224224 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9 ) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Reflecting the left circularly polarized component or right circularly polarized component has the function of transmitting the right circularly polarized component or the left circularly polarized component. When this situation is viewed from a main surface side, the direction of rotation of the reflected light emitted from one side of the main surface is the same as the direction of rotation of transmitted light from the back side, and the direction of rotation of the transmitted light and reflected light from the back side is also equal. In Fig. 5, the rotation directions of the circularly polarized lights LI, L2, L1 /, L2 > all show the state viewed from the main surface 18 f side of the selective reflection layer 18. The cholesteric liquid crystal constituting the selective reflection layer 18 is assumed to be multiplied by the twist pitch p of its liquid crystal molecules 19 and η p 値 of the average refractive index η to be equal to the wavelength λ of the incident light. When the liquid crystal molecules 19 have a leftward spiral structure when viewed from the observation side, they enter the external light L f from the main surface 18 f, and the light of the left circularly polarized component is reflected on the main surface 18 f. This reflected light. L 1 is reversed in the direction of rotation due to reflection. Although it is a circularly polarized light emitted in the right direction, it becomes left circularly polarized light when viewed from the main surface 1 f side. Also, with respect to the incident light L f of the main surface 1 8 f, the light ray L 2 of the right circularly polarized component passes through the other main surface 1 8 b side. Cholesterol liquid crystal printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, if η p 値 is equal to the wavelength λ of the incident light, it has circularly polarized light with the same spiral direction (left or right) (left or right) The composition reflects 100% of the function. On the other hand, from the main surface 1 8 b into the external light L b, the light with a circularly polarized component in the direction of progress is reversed to the right of the progress direction reflected by the main surface 1 8 b Circularly polarized light L2 >. Also, among the external light Lb, light rays with a right-handed circularly polarized component are emitted through the selective reflection layer 18 from the main surface 18 f through the selective reflection layer 18, but this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) (12%) -12- 1224224 A7 _ B7 5. Description of the invention (10), if this light is viewed from the main surface 1 8 f side, it will become the light L 1 / of the left circularly polarized component. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page.) For a liquid crystal display device 10 with such a selective reflection layer 18, when the external light L f is incident from the observation surface side, it has a polarizing plate 1 1 The light of the linearly polarized component of the vibration direction of the polarization axis direction is taken out and reaches the variable retarder formed by the retardation plate 12 and the liquid crystal layer 15. The variable retarder is a device that changes the phase difference of light. It is ideal to fix the vibration component of the specific direction of the incident light to the orthogonal orthogonal vibration component by λ / 4 (λ: the wavelength of the incident light). A retarder (phase difference plate 1 2) is a variable retardation layer (liquid crystal layer 1 5) that retards λ / 2 relative to the phase of the orthogonal vibration component with respect to the phase of the vibration component of a specific direction of incident light in response to an applied voltage. ) Structure. The consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs prints it as a fixed delay layer. For example, a well-known λ / 4 'retardation plate can be used, and the retardation axis of the retardation axis with respect to the polarizing plate 1 1 can be set to 4 5 ° Angle, the linearly polarized light transmitted through the polarizing plate 11 is converted into circularly polarized light in a specific rotation direction. If the retardation axis of the retardation plate 12 is configured as a 45 ° right angle with respect to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 11, the circularly polarized light emitted will have a rightward polarity. Conversely, if the phase axis of the retardation plate 12 is arranged at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 11, the emitted circularly polarized light will have a leftward polarity. As the variable retardation layer, for example, a well-known TN liquid crystal layer 15 is used. In addition, when the liquid crystal layer 15 is applied with a voltage (first voltage) below the threshold voltage from the power source 20, that is, when the liquid crystal layer 15 maintains the initial alignment state, the liquid crystal layer 15 emits light in a specific direction. The vibration component is the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) -13- 1224224 A7 B7 for this paper size V. Description of the invention (11) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The vibration component in the direction is delayed by λ / 2. As a result, the direction of rotation of the incident circularly polarized light is reversed. In addition, when the voltage of the saturation voltage (second voltage) is applied to the TN liquid crystal layer 15 to release the twisted state of the liquid crystal molecules, the incident light is emitted without being phase-modulated, so the polarity of the circularly polarized light is maintained. Its status. When the variable retardation layer is composed of the TN liquid crystal layer 15 as described above, the phase retardation by the first applied voltage and the second applied voltage by the liquid crystal layer 15 relatively occurs λ / 2. The variable retardation layer is not limited to the TN liquid crystal layer. The phase λ / 4 of the incident light is delayed from the initial orientation state when the first voltage is applied. It can also be applied when the second voltage is higher than the saturation voltage. The phase of light advances by a strong dielectric liquid crystal such as λ / 4. For the liquid crystal display device 10, for example, as the retardation plate 12, use. A λ / 4 retardation plate having a retardation axis that crosses the polarizing axis of the polarizing plate 1 1 to the right and left at an angle of approximately _ 4 5 °, and a selective reflection layer composed of a left-twisted cholesteric liquid crystal 1 8 At this time, the linearly polarized light that reaches the retardation plate 12 through the polarizing plate 11 is converted into a right circular polarized light output. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs as shown in FIG. 4A, the 0FF state (V 0ff) where no voltage is applied from the power source 2 0 on the TN liquid crystal layer 15 is correctly below the threshold of the liquid crystal. In the first voltage application state (including zero voltage), the TN liquid crystal layer 15 has a spiral structure twisted by 90 ° from the upper substrate 13 to the lower substrate 14 and the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in parallel on the substrate. In this state, the right circularly polarized light incident on the TN liquid crystal layer 15 through the phase difference plate 12 is converted into left circularly polarized light due to the retarded phase λ / 2 in the TN liquid crystal layer 15 to achieve selective reflection. Layer 1 8. In addition, to this paper size, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) -14-1224224 A7 B7 ___ V. Description of the invention (12) Left circular polarized light reaching the selective reflection layer 18 is as described above 'It is totally reflected by the selective reflection layer 18. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) The reflected left circularly polarized light is incident on the T N liquid crystal layer 15 again, and the retarded phase λ / 2 ′ is converted into the right circularly polarized light again. This right circular polarized light is again output through the polarizing plate 1 1 through the phase difference plate 1 2 ′ to be linearly polarized along the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 1 1, and a bright state display can be obtained. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4B, when a second voltage higher than the saturation level is applied to the TN liquid crystal layer 15 and the TN liquid crystal layer becomes an ON state (V ο η), the TN liquid crystal releases the spiral structure. The liquid crystal molecules 19 are arranged vertically on the substrate 1 3, 1 4 'and will be in a state where the incident light will not be modulated in phase. The employee consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs will print this state and shoot it from the observation surface. The light L f passes through the polarizing plate 1 1 and the retardation plate 1 2 and enters the TN liquid crystal layer 15 as a right-handed circularly polarized light. However, the phase is not rounded in this layer 15 and is still right-handed. The polarized light reaches the selective reflection layer 18. This right circularly polarized light 'will be transmitted to the back of the display element. As a result, it is possible to obtain a display in a dark state without returning light on the observation surface. The operation of the back light source 2 1 provided on the back side of the selective reflection layer 18 is described below. In the state of V0ff shown in FIG. 4A, the light from the rear side of the light source 21 is output to the light source light L b incident from the rear side for the selective reflection layer 18, and the right circularly polarized light is viewed from the side of the polarizing plate 11 To pass through the selective reflection layer 1 8, the right circularly polarized light will be reflected. In addition, the paper size of the selective reflection layer 18 applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -15-1224224 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (13) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling This page) light is converted by the TN liquid crystal layer 15 to phase λ / 2 and converted to right circularly polarized light. Thereby, the circularly polarized light passes through the λ / 4 retardation plate 12 and becomes linearly polarized light along the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 11 and is output through the polarizing plate 11 to obtain a bright display. On the other hand, in the state of V ο η in FIG. 4B, among the light source light L b incident from the back to the selective reflection layer 18 from the back light source 21, the right-handed circle is viewed from the polarizing plate 11 side. Polarized light passes through the selective reflection layer 18 and is not subjected to phase modulation by the TN liquid crystal layer 15 and is still output in its state. Then, the light passes through the retardation plate 12 to become linearly polarized light having a vibration direction orthogonal to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 11 and is absorbed by the polarizing plate 11. As a result, a dark display can be obtained. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs in the state of V 〇 f f and V ο η of the liquid crystal layer 15 of Ding N, by choice. The right circularly polarized light reflected by the reflective reflective layer 18 is returned to the back light source 21 side, but when it reaches the diffuse reflective layer 23 mounted on the back of the back light source 21, its polarization component is decomposed. Instead, it will have a leftward circular polarization component. The right circularly polarized light component passes through the selective reflection layer 18, so 'repeatedly reflected between the diffuse reflection layer 23 and the selective reflection layer 18' Ideally, all reflected light is converted into leftward circularly polarized light, Output to the observation surface side. Therefore, the utilization efficiency of the light from the linear light source 24 can be greatly improved in addition to the time division by the absorption of the scattering reflection layer 23. According to the above configuration, if the retardation plate 12 is arranged so that its retardation axis is approximately 45 degrees from the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 11 to the left, the cholesteric liquid crystal constituting the selective reflection layer 18 will be used. If the twist direction is right, the same operation as above can be achieved. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) -16-Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy 1224224 A7 __ B7 V. Description of the invention (14) If the basis is constituted by the liquid crystal as described above The reflection / transmission relationship of the display device 10 with respect to the light incident from the main surface of the selective reflection layer 18 and the reflection / transmission relationship with respect to the light incident from the back are related to the rotation of the incident circularly polarized light The directions become the same relationship. Therefore, in the 0 F F state where the phase of the incident light is modulated by the variable retarder, a bright state display can be obtained, and when the liquid crystal layer 15 does not modulate the ON state of the phase, a dark state display can be obtained. Therefore, a display element having the same structure can use a reflective display using the external light L f incident from the polarizing plate 11 side and a transmissive display using the light L b on the rear light source 21. At the same time, when you want to use external light, and when you use the back light source 21, you can get a very high light utilization efficiency display. For bright display. In addition, by forming the selective reflection layer 18 inside the TN liquid crystal element belonging to the variable retarder, the parallax of the substrate 14 disappears compared with the case where the selective reflection layer is disposed on the substrate 14. In the above-mentioned embodiment, although the twisted nematic liquid crystal element is used as a variable retarder, if the phase of the incident light is shifted by one-half or the phase can be controlled by the electric field, it can be used. The same effects as described above are obtained. For example, as another embodiment, a horizontally-aligned nematic liquid crystal element in which a conventionally known nematic liquid crystal is aligned in parallel to a substrate direction may be used, and a nematic liquid crystal may be vertically aligned in a substrate direction. A vertical alignment type nematic liquid crystal element. Alternatively, an anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal element, a ferroelectric liquid crystal element, or the like may be used to shift the phase of polarized light incident on the liquid crystal layer to the right by a quarter of a wavelength or to the left by a quarter The wavelength can be controlled by the electric field. This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) I—J ---—---- ^ --- Order —---- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) -17- 1224224 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (15) For example, as a variable retarder, a nematic liquid crystal with horizontal orientation of the substrate is used, and a horizontally oriented nematic with a means for applying an electric field is provided in the plane direction of the liquid crystal layer. In the case of a liquid crystal element, the liquid crystal layer is multiplied by the refractive index anisotropy Δη of the liquid crystal material and Δ nd 値 of the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer, and becomes approximately 140 nm. As a result, it will function as a quarter wave plate. By applying an electric field in the plane direction to the liquid crystal layer, if the liquid crystal molecules are changed in plane orientation by 90 ° throughout the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, the angle formed by the polarizing axis of the polarizing plate and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is taken as the crossing angle. 4 5 °, for the light incident from the observation side, the linearly polarized light incident on the liquid crystal layer can be emitted as right- and left-circular polarized light. Therefore, the selective reflection layer 1 8 which can selectively reflect circularly polarized light can polarize the incident light and cause it to reflect / transmit. Also, for the slave substrate 1 4. The light incident on the rear surface side is circularly polarized light obtained through the selective reflection layer 18, and the two linearly polarized lights with completely opposite polarities can be polarizedly converted. In this way, even for light rays entering from the upper side of the substrate 13, even for light rays entering from the lower side of the substrate 14, the same display state can be obtained with the same voltage state. The selective reflection layer 18 used in the liquid crystal display device 10 has the above-mentioned functions and functions for light of all wavelengths in the visible light range, but it is desired to obtain achromatic black and white or color reproducible color display. On the better. For example, as in the above embodiment, a selective reflection layer is formed by a cholesteric liquid crystal layer. At 18 o'clock, multiply by the spiral pitch p and the average refractive index η p 胆固醇 of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer, such as the shortest wavelength from the visible light wavelength. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210 × 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Binding and ordering Printed by the Employees 'Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -18- Printed by the Employees' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 1224224 A7 B7___ V. Invention Description (16) The longest wavelength of the column can be obtained by changing the spiral pitch to a spiral structure that continuously changes along the thickness direction of the layer to obtain polarized light reflection energy corresponding to all wavelengths in the visible light field. The rod-like polymer constituting the cholesteric liquid crystal has a spiral structure, and when incident to light parallel to the axis of the spiral, it will reflect the wavelength of light having equal spiral pitch to the Bragg. That is, a light beam having a wavelength equal to η p 値 is taken as the central wavelength, and the Bragg reflection is obtained by multiplying the refractive index anisotropy Δ η and the spiral pitch ρ Δ η ρ 値 by the same bandwidth (wavelength range). According to the above, the refractive index anisotropy Δη represents the difference between the refractive index along the long axis direction of the rod-like liquid crystal polymer and the refractive index along the short axis direction, and the average refractive index is determined by The refractive index of the liquid crystal polymer in the long axis direction and the square root of the sum of the powers in the short axis direction and the square power are calculated. However, the refractive index anisotropy of the cholesteric liquid crystal △ η only exists between 0 and 0. 3, and the average refractive index η of cholesteric liquid crystal also exists only 1. 4 ~ 1 · 6, so it is difficult to match the central wavelength of the above Bragg reflection with the central wavelength (approximately 550 nm) of the visible wavelength. Therefore, as described above, it is extremely effective to change the helical pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal along the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer to obtain polarized light reflection in the entire visible light wavelength range. To obtain a cholesteric liquid crystal layer with such a spiral pitch change, two or more types of cholesteric liquid crystal polymer layers having different pitches are continuously laminated. When a cholesteric liquid crystal material is applied to a substrate and cured, after the application, The film surface of this paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) ---- 1 ------- batch clothes ---- Ί I--order ----- (please Read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) -19- 1224224 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (17) Additives that make the helical pitch of cholesterol liquid crystals longer, such as coatings, the helical pitch is infinite A method such as liquid crystal is preferred. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page.) In the above embodiment, a voltage between Von and Vff is applied as the voltage applied to the variable retardation layer. Of course, the intermediate color can also be displayed. From the above, when the liquid crystal display device 10 is operated using external light as a reflective display element, and when the back light source 21 is operated as a transmissive display element, high light utilization efficiency can be achieved. As described above, each of the T F T 3 1 provided on the array substrate, and the gate electrode 33 has a bottom gate structure disposed under the semiconductor film 36. At this time, the external light is incident from the array substrate toward T F T 3 1, and is not incident on the semiconductor film 36 which is shielded by the gate electrode 33. the result . If the liquid crystal display device 10 is used outdoors, it can prevent the display contrast of the light leakage current caused by external light from decreasing. The consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed on the boundary portion of the transparent pixel electrode 16 because it is equipped with any of the wiring electrodes 3 2, scanning lines 3 4, and auxiliary capacitor lines. Therefore, it is used as the back light source 2 When the 1 transflective liquid crystal display device is used, the light from the back light source is prevented from leaking, so as not to reduce the contrast. The sealant used for bonding the array substrate and the counter substrate is preferably applied in a field where the selective reflection layer 18 of the counter substrate is not formed. Adhesiveness of the sealant on the selective reflective layer 18 is poor. For long-term use of more than 10,000 hours, there may be reliability problems such as substrate peeling. In addition, when an over coat having good sealing properties is applied to the selective reflection layer 18, the above-mentioned problem of reliability can be avoided. Top coating agent The paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) -20-1224224 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (18), for example, acrylic resins commonly used in color filter layers can be used . On the other hand, in the above-mentioned liquid crystal display device 10, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 60 provided between the glass substrate 14 and the selective reflection layer 18 will function as a band filter of the back light source 21. In other words, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 60 is the product of the helical pitch p of the cholesteric liquid crystal and the average refractive index η of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer, pn, if the wavelength of light is between the peak wavelengths of the spectral transmittance characteristics of the color filter layer 50. In the range of 470 to 5 1 Onm, if the range is 5 60 to 6 OOnm, the spiral pitch has a spiral structure that continuously changes along the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer. Therefore, among the circularly polarized components of the light emitted from the back light source 21, the components in the range of 470 to 510 nm and the range of 560 to 600 nm are reflected by the cholesterol liquid crystal layer 60 and are not transmitted through selective reflection. Layer 1 8. Fig. 7 shows the transmittance wavelength dispersion characteristics of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 60. The twist direction of the spiral pitch is the same direction as the twist pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal of the selective reflection layer 18. In the same direction, manufacturing becomes easy when the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 60 is continuously formed with the selective reflection layer 18. In this embodiment, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 60 is formed on the inner surface of the glass substrate 14 but may be formed on the outer surface of the glass substrate 14. The linear light source 2 4 as the back light source 21 is a drawing fluorescent lamp having a light emission spectrum as shown in FIG. 8, or a light emission spectrum peak at three wavelengths of red, green, and blue can be used as shown in FIG. 9. 3-wavelength fluorescent lamp. The spectroscopic characteristics of the luminous brightness of the 3-wavelength tube are not as shown in Figure 9. It is not just the 440, 540, 6 and 20nm that are essentially required. ） Ml · mi · ϋϋ ml mi ^ 1111 ^ 11¾ In —ι_ϋ Μβββ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -21-1224224 A7 __ B7_ V. Description of the invention (19) The near peaks are in the range of 470 ~ 51nm, 560 ~ 600nm (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page). The range also has extra spikes. In addition, daylight-color fluorescent lamps have a larger light emission range in these ranges. However, since the cholesterol liquid crystal layer 60 can effectively block light having a wavelength in the range of 470 to 510 nm and 560 to 600 nm, any fluorescent lamp can be used. The red, blue, and green color reproduction range when the liquid crystal display device 10 as described above is measured in a dark place and the back light source 21 is measured is shown as a solid line A in FIG. 10. Also, for comparison, the cholesterol liquid crystal layer 60 is removed from the liquid crystal display device 10, and the linear light source 24 of the linear light source is replaced by a linear fluorescent light source 24 instead of a 3-color tube. Fig. 10 is indicated by dotted line B. It is clear from these comparisons that the liquid crystal display device 10 of this embodiment has a wide color reproduction range, especially red and green, with good reproducibility. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. In this example, if the cholesterol liquid crystal layer 60 considers the transmittance of 5 50 nm as 1, the maximum transmittance in the range of 4 70 to 5 10 nm Is 0 · 〇6, the maximum transmittance in the range of 560 ~ 600nm will become 0. 0 0 8 degree. After various attempts at the transmittance of the cholesterol liquid crystal layer 60, these maximum transmittances are about 0. At 1 or less, it is known that good color reproducibility can be obtained. According to the above-mentioned embodiment, although the twist direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the cholesterol liquid crystal layer 60 is matched with the twist direction of the cholesteric liquid crystal of the selective reflection layer 18, the reverse direction may be formed instead. In addition, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 60 can have a layer having a maximum transmittance in a range of 470 to 5 1 0 nm, and a layer having a maximum transmittance in a range of 5 6 to 6 0 0 nm. This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -22- 1224224 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of invention (20) Transmission layer can also be discontinuous with multiple layers with different spiral pitches地 Forming. As described above, according to the liquid crystal display device 10 of the present invention, when external light is used as a reflective display element, and when a rear light source is used as a transmissive display element, in any case, the color reproducibility is unlikely Change, you can get a high-brightness display day. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the brightness of the back light source when using the back light source as a supplement during reflective display, or to reduce power consumption. A liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described below. As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, according to the second embodiment, the T N liquid crystal layer 1 5 is sandwiched between one pair of glass substrates 1 3, 1 4 arranged in the opposite direction. The TN liquid crystal element thus formed is arranged on the front side of the counter substrate, and on the back side of the array substrate. That is, on the inner surface of the glass substrate 14 constituting the counter substrate, a first color filter layer 50 and a counter electrode 17 are sequentially formed, and a phase difference plate 1 is sequentially disposed on the outer surface of the glass substrate 14. 2 and the polarizing plate 11 °. On the inner surface of the glass substrate 13 constituting the array substrate, a selective reflection layer 18 and a pixel electrode 16 are provided, and a back light source 21 is arranged opposite to the outside of the glass substrate 13. According to this embodiment, instead of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 60 of the first embodiment, a band-pass filter 70 is provided. That is, a band-pass filter 70 is provided between the glass substrate 13 and the selective reflection layer 18. Pressing, on the band-pass filter 70, wirings for signal lines and scanning lines and T F T 3 1 are connected to the pixel electrodes 16. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) — -23- (Please read the notes on the back— • I then fill and install—: write this page), 11 Club 1224224 A7 B7 Economy Printed by the Ministry of Intellectual Property Bureau's Consumer Cooperatives V. Invention Description (21) Same as the other structure and the above-mentioned first embodiment, the same part is marked with a reference symbol of the stomach, and its detailed description is omitted. According to a liquid crystal display device equipped with the liquid crystal display device 10 having the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 12, in a state of 0FF (V 0ff) where no voltage is applied to the TN liquid crystal layer 15 from the power source 20, TN The liquid crystal layer 15 has a spiral structure twisted by 90 ° from the substrate 13 to the lower substrate 14 and the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in parallel on the substrate. In this state, the right circularly polarized light incident on the light L f outside the TN liquid crystal layer 15 through the polarizing plate 11 and the phase difference plate 12 is converted in the TN liquid crystal layer 15 due to the phase retardation λ / 2 It reaches the selective reflection layer 18 for left circularly polarized light. In addition, the left circularly polarized light reaching the selective reflection layer 18 is totally reflected by the selective reflection layer 18 and incident on the TN liquid crystal layer 15 again. Here, the phase is delayed by / 2 again, and is converted to _ Right circular polarized light output. Since this right circularly polarized light passes through the retardation plate 12 again, it becomes linearly polarized light along the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 11, and is output through the polarizing plate 11 to obtain a bright display. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, when a second voltage higher than the saturation level is applied to the TN liquid crystal layer 15 and the TN liquid crystal layer is in an ON state (V ο η), the TN liquid crystal system is released from the spiral structure. The liquid crystal molecules 19 are arranged vertically on the substrates 1 3 and 1 4 and will enter a state of incident light with no phase modulation. In this state, the incident light L f from the observation surface passes through the polarizing plate 11 and the retardation plate 12, and although it is a right-handed circularly polarized light incident on the TN liquid crystal layer 15, it is not adjusted at this layer 15. The phase is changed, and the light reaches the selective reflection layer 18 in a state of circularly polarized light in the right direction. This right-handed circularly polarized light is a display element. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (please read the precautions on the back first, and then fill and install --I: write this page). Fee -24-Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 1224224 A7 B7___ V. The back of the invention description (22). As a result, it is possible to obtain a display in a dark state when the observation surface does not return light. On the other hand, in the state of V 0ff shown in FIG. 12, the light is output from the rear light source 21 through the selective reflection layer 18 and enters the light source light L b from the rear side, and is viewed from the polarizing plate 11 left. The circularly polarized light passes through the selective reflection layer 1 8, and the circularly polarized light to the right is reflected. In addition, the light passing through the selective reflection layer 18 is modulated by the T N liquid crystal layer 15 to phase λ / 2, and is converted into right-handed circularly polarized light. The circularly polarized light passes through the retardation plate 1 2 and becomes linearly polarized light along the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 11. The circularly polarized light is output through the polarizing plate 11 to obtain a bright display. Figure 13 shows the state of ¥ 〇11, incident on the light source light L b of the selective reflection layer 18 output from the rear light source 21, and from the polarizing plate. The circularly polarized light from the left to the right through the 11 side passes through the selective reflection layer 1 ′ 8 and is not affected by the phase modulation of the T N liquid crystal layer 15, and is still output in its state. In addition, this light passes through the retardation plate 12 and becomes linearly polarized light having a vibration direction orthogonal to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 5 and is absorbed by the polarizing plate 11. As a result, a dark display can be obtained. In the V 0ff and V ο η states of the TN liquid crystal layer 15, the right-handed circularly polarized light reflected by the selective reflection layer 18 returns to the back light source 2 1 side, but reaches the back light source 2 1 When the scattering reflection layer 2 on the back surface 2 3, its polarizing component is decomposed, and it will have a leftward circular polarizing component. The left-handed circularly polarized light component passes through the selective reflection layer 18, so in the repeated reflection between the scattering reflection layer 23 and the selective reflection layer 18, ideally, all the reflected light is converted into a left-handed circle Polarized light, looking at the size of this paper applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X297 mm) I-^-J --- 0 »^ ------ 1T ------ (please first Read the notes on the back and fill in this page) -25- 1224224 A 7 B7 V. Description of the invention (23) Check the side output. (Please read the precautions on the reverse side before filling out this page) The detailed description of the first color filter layer 50 is as follows. If the liquid crystal display device 10 has the function of a reflective liquid crystal display device, as shown in FIG. 11, the external light L f incident from the observation side is transmitted twice through the glass substrate 14 provided on the front side. First color filter layer 50. Therefore, in the first color filter layer 50, similarly as before, the use of the secondary color filter layer allows the spectral characteristics to be changed to a desired color density. Figure 14 shows the spectral characteristics of the first color filter layer 50, and Figure 15 shows the spectral characteristics of the light when the light passes through the first color filter layer 50 twice. The spectral characteristics of FIG. 15 will become the quadratic of the transmittance of each wavelength of the spectral characteristics shown in FIG. 14. . From these figures, it can be understood that only those who pass through the first color filter layer 50 once cannot obtain sufficient color density, and those who pass through the first color filter layer 50 twice can fully obtain color density. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs On the other hand, if the back light source 2 1 is used as the liquid crystal display device with a transmissive liquid crystal display device function, as shown in FIG. The incident light L b passes through the color filter layer 50 only once. At this time, as described above, sufficient color density cannot be obtained. Here, according to this embodiment, a band-pass filter 70 is disposed between the selective reflection layer 18 and the back light source 21, and particularly, under the selective reflection layer. This band-pass filter 70 is composed of a color absorption filter, and more specifically, it is composed of a second color filter layer 72 in which a pigment is dispersed in an organic medium such as acrylic resin, as with the first color filter layer 50. The second color filter layer 7 2 is the light from the back side that passes through the second color filter in order. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -26- 1224224 A7 B7 _____ V. Description of the invention ( 24) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Layer 7 2 and the first color filter layer 50, as shown in Figure 16, designed to obtain the same color filter layer as the previous transmission type Fractional optical characteristics. That is, the spectral characteristics of the second color filter layer 72 are the transmittances of the respective wavelengths of the spectral characteristics of the previous transmission-type color filter layer, and the transmission of the respective wavelengths of the spectral characteristics of the first color filter layer 50. The spectroscopic characteristics obtained by the number divided by 値 are sufficient. Fig. 17 shows the spectral characteristics of the second color filter layer 72 obtained by the pigment dispersion method obtained in this manner. As described above, when the transmissive liquid crystal display device functions, the light L b emitted from the back light source 21 will pass through the second color filter layer 7 2 and the first color filter layer 50 sequentially, so that an image is displayed. The color density, as shown in Figure 16, will become the comprehensive spectral characteristics of the two color filter layers. Therefore, even when used as a transmissive liquid crystal display device, it is possible to obtain a sufficiently dense color density image similar to the conventional transmissive liquid crystal display device. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs At this time, the light emitted from the rear light source 21 will pass through the selective reflection layer 18 as long as the polarized components match, so the selective reflection layer 18 will not become The light-shielding layer works without light loss. In addition, the selective reflection layer 18 itself functions as a polarizer, and has the effect that one polarizer can be omitted. According to the above liquid crystal display device, as shown in FIG. 18, the second color filter layer 72 and the selective reflection layer 18 may be provided outside the glass substrate 13 on the back side, even in this case. The same effect as that of the second embodiment can be obtained. At this time, in order to reduce the parallax due to the thickness of the glass substrate 1 3, the second color filter layer 7 2 applies the Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) to the paper size for the first color filter layer 50. %) '-27- 1224224 A7 ___ B7_ 5. Description of the invention (25) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) The predetermined distance offset configuration of the glass substrate 1 3 can be used as a transmission type. Field-centric pattern arrangement. In addition, the selective reflection layer 18 can be manufactured as a thin film and can be easily manufactured by attaching it to the glass substrate 13. As shown in FIG. 19, a selective reflection layer made of a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer is used as the selective reflection layer 18, and the selective reflection layer 18 may also serve as the second color filter layer 72. Specifically, it is a dye (R G B) used for adding ink to the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer layer. The cholesteric liquid crystal polymer layer used here is one in which the spiral pitch continuously changes within the layer, specifically, a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer layer that selects a pitch that reflects ultraviolet rays, for example, made by HuaQa Chemical Co., Ltd. Cholesterol LC silicon, and a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer layer with a pitch that selectively reflects light in the infrared ultraviolet region, can be formed by interaction effct at the interface by continuously forming, for example, cholesterol LC silicon manufactured by HuaQiao Chemical Company. The selective reflection layer 18 made of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer layer is printed by the Intellectual Property Co., Ltd. of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, which is the same as the selective reflection layer of the second embodiment. f, the light rays L b incident from below are all separated, transmitted, and reflected left and right circularly polarized light. Therefore, if the TN liquid crystal layer 15 has a λ / 2 phase difference, by controlling the phase difference to 0 to λ / 2, the phase of the circularly polarized light can be shifted from 0 to λ / 2, and the left and right can be switched. The circular polarized light. The number of layers of the entire liquid crystal display device can be reduced by using the second color filter layer 72 and the selective reflection layer 18 made of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer layer. And, as shown in Figure 20, as a band-pass filter 70, the paper size can be adapted to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) -28-1224224 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (26) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page.) Use the interference filter 7 4. As this interference filter 74, for example, it is known that a plurality of dielectric layers are alternately laminated. By appropriately adjusting the material, refractive index, and number of layers of this dielectric multilayer film, the desired transmittance characteristics can be obtained. Figure 21 shows the transmittance characteristics of the interference filter 74. If it is compared with the spectral characteristics of the first color filter layer 50 shown in Figure 14, the light transmitted through the interference filter 74 will be known as Light in a narrower band. Therefore, when the linear light source 24 of the back light source 21 has the emission spectrum shown in FIG. 8 as in the first embodiment, the light source light corresponds to, for example, G of the first color filter layer 50. The wavelength light in the bottom region of the transmitted light is cut off by the interference filter 74, so an image with better color density can be obtained. According to the modified examples shown in FIGS. 18 to 20, the other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to the same parts, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted. Printed by the Consumer Property Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs based on the above-mentioned second embodiment and each modification, when using external light as a reflective liquid crystal display device, and when using a rear light source as a transmissive liquid crystal display device. In either case, a high-brightness display can be obtained. In addition, it has been explained so far that a-S i T F T is used. Of course, the present invention is also applicable to the case where polysilicon T F T is used. Simple illustration of the schema. Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -29- 1224224 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 ______B7 V. Description of the invention (27) Figure 2 An enlarged sectional view of the array substrate. FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing the array substrate. Fig. 4A is a diagram schematically showing a state in which a first voltage is applied to a liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display device. Fig. 4B is a diagram showing a mode in which the power source is applied to the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display device in a state where a second voltage is applied to the mode. Fig. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the operation principle of the selective reflection layer of the liquid crystal display device. Fig. 6 is a graph showing the spectral characteristics of the color filter layer of the liquid crystal display device. Fig. 7 is a graph showing the transmission wavelength dispersion characteristics of the cholesterol layer of the liquid crystal display device. Fig. 8 is a graph showing a light emission spectrum of a draw-color fluorescent lamp of a linear light source used as a back light source. Fig. 9 is a graph showing a light emission spectrum of a three-wavelength tube used as a linear light source for a rear light source. Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the color reproduction range of the liquid crystal display device and the comparative example. Fig. 11 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 12 is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the liquid crystal layer of the above-mentioned liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment applies a first voltage to a power source. Figure 13 shows the liquid crystal display device of the second embodiment. (Please read the notes on the back 噼 < Loading-: Write this page) The dimensions of this paper are applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) -30- 1224224 A7 _ B7 V. Description of the invention (28) The liquid crystal layer applies power A diagram schematically showing the second voltage state. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page.) Figure 14 shows the spectral characteristics of the first color filter layer of the liquid crystal display device of the second embodiment. Fig. 15 is a diagram showing an example of the spectral characteristics of the integrated color filter when the above-mentioned liquid crystal display device functions as a reflection type. Fig. 16 is a diagram showing an example of the spectral characteristics of the second color filter layer of the liquid crystal display device. Fig. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the spectral characteristics of the integrated color filter when the above-mentioned liquid crystal display device is used as a transmission type. Fig. 18 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal display device according to a first modification of the present invention. Fig. 19 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal display device according to a second modification of the present invention. Fig. 20 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal display device according to a third modification of the present invention. Fig. 21 is a graph showing the transmittance characteristics of the interference filter in the third modification. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs [Explanation of Symbols] 10: Liquid crystal display device, 1 1: Polarizing plate, 12: Phase difference plate, 1 3: Glass substrate (array substrate), 15: (TN) Liquid crystal layer 'This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210x 297 mm) -31-1224224 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (29) 1 6: Pixel electrode, 1 7: Counter electrode, (please first Read the notes on the back and fill in this page again) 1 8 f: main surface (selective reflection layer), 1 8 b: other main surface (selective reflection layer), 1 9: liquid crystal molecules (cholesteric liquid crystal), 2 0 : Power supply, 21: back light source, 2 2: light guide, 2 3: scattering reflection layer, 2 4: scattering reflection layer, 3 1: thin film transistor (TFT), 3 2: signal line, 3 3: gate electrode , 3 4: scanning line, 3 5: oxide film, 3 6: semiconductor film, 37: low-resistance semiconductor film, printed by the Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, 3 8: passivation film, 3 9: drain electrode, 4 0: contact hole, 4 1: source electrode, 4 2: peripheral edge portion (sealing portion) of the substrate, 3 2: sealing material, 50: (1st) color filter layer, this paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -32-1224224 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (30 benefits,, crystal layer liquid Wave color wave alcohol filtration filter solid pass 2 biliary interference band 0 0 2 4 6 7 7 7 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Customs printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Bureau staff consumer cooperative Standards apply to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X 297mm) -33-