1297299 九、發明説明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係與驅動電動工具機之刀具的馬達有關， 是指一種改變該馬達轉速之變速控制裝置。 、 5【先前技術】 :: 按，1穴電動工具機，例如木工機中之圓鑛機或鑽 孔機’主要係精由驅轉一馬達來帶動一刀具，對一工件進 •行切割或鑽孔’然而，所需加工的該工件有多種型態及材 質，在切割時必須依該工件的材質特性來調整該馬達的一 ω轉速，使該刀具能以最佳的卫作效率進行切割或鑽孔。 而為了達到調整該轉速的需求，現已有多種控制該轉 速之技術，其中’有控制該馬達之一線圈的輸入功率，來 調整該轉速的技術，㈣_馬達的―交流電源進行脈衝 寬度調諧的技術。 15 但疋對某些電動工具機而言，通常僅會加工少數幾種 • ί定t質的該工件，例如木工機，該轉速的調整需求，通 系僅需一至二種的轉速變化即可，對於此種需求，習知太 ·. 賴_控姆置只是徒齡f加成本而已。 有鑑於上述需求’本案發明人乃經過不斷之試作與實 2〇驗後，終有本發明之產生。 【發明内容】 本务明之目的在於提供一種用於驅動馬達的變速控制 裝置，以解決習知問題。 5 1297299 控制裝置係用以調整一應用於電動工具機中的 馬達的轉速’祕旋轉該電動I具機之-刀具，加工一工 =，其提供操作上容易於二種電路系統間切換的方便性， 達到簡單切換轉速的功效。 制壯了達成前述目的，本發明所提供之該變速控 奸ρ憤.f K、 H u路系統以及- ^又開關(switeh)。該第—電路系統用以提供_第一電壓， ϋϊ路系統用以提供—第二電壓，該選段開關係回應 ::用者的操作，切換以該第一電壓或該第二電壓 馬達，藉以改變該馬達的轉速。 猎此本發明係利用該選段開關來選擇該馬達的驅 壓，達到簡易變換該馬達轉速的功效。 【實施方式】 15 20 一為了詳細說明本發明之構造及特點所在，兹舉以下之 三較佳實施例並配合圖式說明如后，其中·· ，一圖係本發明之變速控制裝置的系統示意圖。 第一圖係本發明第一較佳實施例之電路結構圖。 第二圖係本發明第二較佳實施例之電路結構圖。 第四圖係本發明第三較佳實施例之電路結構圖。 如第-圖至第二圖所示，本發明第一較佳實 供-種變速控制裝置1G，用以調整—馬達51的轉速，$ 51係應用於一電動工具機（圖中未示）中，例如切割 圓鋸機，用賤轉該電動1具機之一刀具(圖巾未示），以加 6 1297299 工一工件（圖中未示），變速控制裝置ίο主要具有一第一電 路系統11、一第二電路系統21以及一選段開關(switch)31， 其中第一電路系統11係提供一第一電壓，第一電路系統11 具有一外部電源12以及一啟動開關14，外部電源12係為 5 一交流電源，啟動開關14係串接外部電源12，當啟動開關 14短路時，該外部電源12將提供該第一電壓。 第二電路系統21係提供一第二電壓，該第二電壓小於 該第一電壓，第二電路系統21具有一功率半導體元件22、 一穩壓整流電路24以及一微處理器26，功率半導體元件 1 〇 2 2於本實施例中可為T RIA C雙向矽控體，用以提供該第二 電壓；該穩壓整流電路24具有一二極體D1，電性連接於 啟動開關14,以及具有一稽納二極體ZD1及一與該稽納二 極體ZD1並聯之電容C1，穩壓整流電路24用以於啟動開 關14短路時，將外部電源12轉為一直流電源，該直流電 I5源係提供微處理器26 —工作電壓，使微處理器26運作； 微處理器26於本實施例中係以型號EM78P153S之可程式 控制器為例，具有一電源腳位261，電性連接於穩壓整流電 路24，以及具有一外部電源輸入腳位262，電性連接於啟 動開關14，微處理器26並具有一控制腳位263，電性連接 2〇於功率半導體元件22，微處理器26係依據一相關於馬達 51轉速之預先設定，輸出一進行相位控制的觸發信號，用 以控制功率半導體元件22之導通角，進而控制其輸出)電壓， 以使馬達51能達到所預期的轉速。選段開關31(swhch)具有 -共接點32…第-對接點34以及—第二對接點3/，、共 7 1297299 接點32係連接馬達5ι，第一第_ 性連接料㈣、β , 對接點34，36分別電 連接於外。卩電源12以及功率半導體元件& 31係依據使用者的摔作 卜 -雪懕^ 部電源12所提供的第 5 15 51 導體元件22所提供的第二_驅動馬達 51糟以改交馬達51的轉速。 2=中之變速控制裝置1G更包含有：二扼流線圈 ’刀別連接於共接點32與馬達51之間，以及啟動 14與馬^51之間’係提供纽的效果，n以保護馬達51 不致被尚頻電流所影響。1297299 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a motor for driving a tool of an electric power tool, and is a shift control device that changes the rotational speed of the motor. , 5 [Prior Art] :: Press, 1 hole electric machine tool, such as the round ore machine or drilling machine in the woodworking machine 'mainly by driving a motor to drive a tool, cutting or cutting a workpiece or Drilling 'However, the workpiece to be machined has a variety of types and materials. When cutting, the ω speed of the motor must be adjusted according to the material characteristics of the workpiece, so that the tool can be cut with the best efficiency. Or drill holes. In order to meet the demand for adjusting the speed, there are various techniques for controlling the speed, in which 'there is a technique for controlling the input power of one of the coils of the motor to adjust the speed, and (4) the motor's "AC power source" performs pulse width tuning. Technology. 15 However, for some electric machine tools, only a few kinds of workpieces, such as woodworking machines, are usually processed. The speed adjustment needs only one or two speed changes. For this kind of demand, I know too. Lai _ control is only a matter of age plus cost. In view of the above-mentioned needs, the inventor of the present invention has finally produced the present invention after continuous trials and tests. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a shift control device for driving a motor to solve the conventional problems. 5 1297299 The control device is used to adjust the rotational speed of a motor used in an electric machine tool. The tool is rotated, which provides easy operation between the two circuit systems. Sex, to achieve the effect of simple switching speed. In order to achieve the foregoing objects, the present invention provides the variable speed control system, the K-channel system, and the -^ switch (switeh). The first circuit system is configured to provide a first voltage, and the circuit system is configured to provide a second voltage. The selected segment relationship is: the user's operation, switching the first voltage or the second voltage motor, thereby Change the speed of the motor. The present invention utilizes the selector switch to select the drive pressure of the motor to achieve a simple conversion of the motor speed. [Embodiment] 15 20 In order to explain the structure and features of the present invention in detail, the following three preferred embodiments are described below with reference to the drawings, wherein, the drawings are the system of the shift control device of the present invention. schematic diagram. The first figure is a circuit configuration diagram of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The second drawing is a circuit configuration diagram of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The fourth figure is a circuit configuration diagram of a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the first to second figures, the first preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a variable speed control device 1G for adjusting the rotational speed of the motor 51. The $51 system is applied to an electric machine tool (not shown). For example, the cutting circular saw machine is used to rotate one of the electric machine tools (not shown) to add a workpiece of 6 1297299 (not shown), and the shift control device ίο mainly has a first circuit The system 11, a second circuit system 21, and a select switch 31, wherein the first circuit system 11 provides a first voltage, the first circuit system 11 has an external power source 12 and a start switch 14, the external power source 12 It is a 5-AC power supply, and the start switch 14 is connected in series with the external power supply 12. When the start switch 14 is short-circuited, the external power supply 12 will supply the first voltage. The second circuit system 21 provides a second voltage that is less than the first voltage. The second circuit system 21 has a power semiconductor component 22, a voltage stabilizing rectifier circuit 24, and a microprocessor 26. The power semiconductor component In the present embodiment, the T RIA C bidirectional control body can be used to provide the second voltage. The regulated rectifier circuit 24 has a diode D1 electrically connected to the start switch 14 and has A capacitor diode ZD1 and a capacitor C1 connected in parallel with the Zener diode ZD1, the voltage regulator rectifier circuit 24 is used to turn the external power source 12 into a DC power source when the startup switch 14 is short-circuited, the DC power source I5 The microprocessor 26 is provided with an operating voltage to enable the microprocessor 26 to operate. In the present embodiment, the microprocessor 26 is a programmable controller of the model EM78P153S, having a power pin 261 electrically connected to the battery. The voltage rectifying circuit 24 has an external power input pin 262 electrically connected to the start switch 14, the microprocessor 26 has a control pin 263, and is electrically connected to the power semiconductor component 22, and the microprocessor 26 Based on a correlation A preset rotation speed of the motor 51, outputs a trigger signal for phase control, with the power semiconductor element to control the angle of the guide 22, which in turn control output) voltage, so that the motor 51 can achieve the desired speed. The selector switch 31 (swhch) has a common contact 32... a first butt joint 34 and a second butt joint 3/, a total of 7 1297299, and a contact 32 is connected to the motor 5ι, the first _th link (4), β, The butting points 34, 36 are electrically connected to the outside, respectively. The power supply 12 and the power semiconductor component & 31 are based on the second _ drive motor 51 provided by the fifth 15 51 conductor element 22 provided by the user's smashing power supply 12 to reroute the motor 51. Speed. 2=The shift control device 1G further includes: the two choke coil 'knife is connected between the common contact 32 and the motor 51, and the effect between the start 14 and the horse is provided, The motor 51 is not affected by the frequency current.
構’本發明係先透過啟動開關14來導通外 電源12，再精由選段開關31來選擇馬達51的轉速，告 選段開關切換到共接點32與第—對接點％導通時，;、 直接取科部電源12所提供之該第—電壓，此時馬達^ 以全速運轉；當選段· 31切_共接點32與第二對接 點36導通時，則係取用功率半導體元件22所控制之該第 二電壓，此時馬達51以較慢之轉速運轉。 X 如第二圖所示，本發明第二較佳實施例所提供之變速 控制^置60概同於前揭第一較佳實施例，變速控制裝置恥 除涵盍第一較佳實施例所揭示之電路結構外，更包含一速 度感知電路61，本實施例並且於該馬達51上裝設一隨該馬 達51旋轉的磁性物質（圖中未示），該速度感知電路61係連 接至該微處理器26的另一腳位265，該速度感知電路、61 有一霍爾元件62,該霍爾元件62係藉由感測該磁性物 貝來產生一對應該馬達51之轉速的轉速信號，並將該轉速 8 20 1297299 信號傳遞至該微處理器26進行處理。 由^該馬達51係用以旋轉該電動工具機之刀具，以加 工二工g此於該刀具碰觸切削該I件時，該刀且的轉 低’連帶降低該馬達51的轉速，此時該速 度感知電路61_朗騎51目 =;信號傳遞至該微處理器-，該微處理器二; ==後’可得知該馬達51目前的轉速已低於： =因此需增加該馬達51的驅動電壓，使該馬達Μ ―相妙!^該默轉速，此時雜處理11 26係調整該進 :率丰二的Γ發仏旒’並輸出調整後的該觸發信號至該 产，葬此力·Γ<22’以控制該功率半導體元件22之導通角 加大該功率半導體树22所提供的第二電壓，使 ίΓ的轉速回復至該預定轉速，達到回饋控制的效果。 15 押制壯=圖所7^ ’本發明第三較佳實關所提供之變速 控^置7G概同於前揭第—較佳實施例，不同之處在於： 22，實施㈣進—步湘數個功率半導體元件 二功段變速該馬達51轉速的效果，以下⑽^ 开杜” 件22為例進行制，制數個功率半導體 Ϊ 理減㈣。第三餘實_除原本第一較佳 體元^ 功料導體元件22外，另增加-功率半導 ’其連接於該微處理11 26的另-控制腳位264, =處=26並輸㈣—觸發信號來控制該新增的功率半 兮-_疋牛、22·的導通角，因此藉由該微處理器26的控制， X功率半導體疋件22係提供不同的電壓；該選段開關Η 20 1297299 除原本之共接點32及苐一、弟二對接點34，36外，另择 加一第三對接點38，該第三對接點38係連接於該新增加^ 功率半導體元件22。 第三較佳實施例於使用時，亦是由該選段開關31來決 5定該馬達51的轉速，在該選段開關31切換至該共接點& 與第一對接點34或第二對接點36導通時，該馬達51的轉 速狀態係與前揭第一較佳實施例相同，而在切換至該共接 點32與第三對接點38導通時，由於其所連接的功^導 體元件22係提供不同於第一較佳實施例中之該第一及第二 1〇電壓，因此該馬達51將以相異於第一較佳實施例中之轉速 運轉，使本發明達到多段變速該馬達51轉速的效果。 由上可知，本發明可達到下列功效： 電壓’提供給該馬達，藉以達到控綱馬達轉速的需求。 J二切，單、節省成本：本發明係提供簡易的切換 …一、控制馬達的轉速··彻該選段關來選擇不同的 變速系統， 圓鋸機，湛 適用於該馬達轉速變速需求較低的裝置 鋸切工件的材質變化較少’不需 不需昂貴複雜的多 —二 \ 車备 ·—» » . .. 20 達的轉速The invention firstly turns on the external power source 12 through the start switch 14, and then selects the rotation speed of the motor 51 by the selection switch 31, and selects that the segment switch is switched to the common contact 32 and the first-to-contact point is turned on; Taking the first voltage provided by the power supply 12 of the department, the motor is operated at full speed; when the selected segment 31 is connected to the second butt contact 36, the power semiconductor component 22 is controlled. The second voltage, at which time the motor 51 is operating at a slower speed. X, as shown in the second figure, the shift control device 60 provided by the second preferred embodiment of the present invention is similar to the first preferred embodiment. The shift control device is not included in the first preferred embodiment. In addition to the disclosed circuit structure, a speed sensing circuit 61 is further included. In this embodiment, a magnetic substance (not shown) that rotates with the motor 51 is mounted on the motor 51, and the speed sensing circuit 61 is connected to the motor 51. Another pin 265 of the microprocessor 26, the speed sensing circuit 61 has a Hall element 62, which generates a pair of rotational speed signals corresponding to the rotational speed of the motor 51 by sensing the magnetic object. The speed 8 20 1297299 signal is passed to the microprocessor 26 for processing. The motor 51 is used to rotate the tool of the electric machine tool to process the workpiece. When the tool touches the I piece, the lowering of the knife reduces the rotation speed of the motor 51. The speed sensing circuit 61_lang rides 51 mesh =; the signal is transmitted to the microprocessor - the microprocessor 2; == after 'there is the current speed of the motor 51 has been lower than: = therefore the motor needs to be added The driving voltage of 51 makes the motor ― 相 相 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ The force Γ<22' is controlled to increase the conduction angle of the power semiconductor element 22 to increase the second voltage provided by the power semiconductor tree 22, and to restore the rotational speed to the predetermined rotational speed to achieve the feedback control effect. 15 制制强=图图7^ 'The third preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a shift control device 7G which is similar to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment, except that: 22, implementation (four) step-by-step The effect of the number of power semiconductor components in the two power sections of the motor 51 is the following (10)^Open Du" 22 as an example, and several power semiconductors are reduced (4). The third remaining _ in addition to the original first In addition to the good conductor element 22, another power-semiconductor is added, which is connected to the other control pin 264 of the microprocessor 11 26, ==26 and inputs (4) - a trigger signal to control the new one. The power half-turn-_ yak, 22 · conduction angle, so by the control of the microprocessor 26, the X power semiconductor element 22 provides different voltages; the selection switch Η 20 1297299 in addition to the original common point 32 In addition to the first and second pairs of contacts 34, 36, a third pair of contacts 38 is additionally added, and the third pair of contacts 38 is connected to the newly added power semiconductor component 22. The third preferred embodiment is in use. The rotation speed of the motor 51 is also determined by the selection switch 31, and the selection switch 31 is switched to the common contact & When the first pair of contacts 34 or the second pair of contacts 36 are turned on, the rotational state of the motor 51 is the same as that of the first preferred embodiment, and when the common contact 32 and the third butt joint 38 are switched on. The motor 51 will be different from the first preferred embodiment because the connected power conductor elements 22 provide different voltages than the first and second voltages in the first preferred embodiment. The speed operation makes the invention achieve the effect of multi-step shifting the speed of the motor 51. It can be seen from the above that the present invention can achieve the following effects: The voltage 'supplied to the motor to achieve the demand of the control motor speed. J. Two cut, single, save Cost: The invention provides simple switching... First, control the rotation speed of the motor. · Select the different speed change system according to the selection section. The circular sawing machine is suitable for the material of the workpiece sawing workpiece with low speed requirement of the motor speed. Less change 'does not need to be expensive and complicated more than two - car ··» » » .. 20 speed
丨⑤於琢預疋轉逮時 回饋電縣使該馬達轉速轉在該預定棘技。丨5 When the 琢 琢 琢 疋 回 回 回 回 回 回 回 回 回 回 回 回 回 回 回 回 回 回
例說明， 或變化， 1297299 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係本發明變速控制裝置的系統示意圖。 第二圖係本發明第一較佳實施例之電路結構圖。 第三圖係本發明第二較佳實施例之電路結構圖。 第四圖係本發明第三較佳實施例之電路結構圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10變速控制裝置 11第一電路系統 12外部電源 10 14啟動開關 21第二電路系統 22功率半導體元件 24穩壓整流電路 26微處理器 261電源腳位 262外部電源輸入腳位 263控制腳位 264控制腳位 31選段開關 15 32共接點 34第一對接點 36第二對接點 38第三對接點 41扼流線圈 51馬達 60變速控制裝置 265另一腳位 61速度感知電路 62霍爾元件 20 70變速控制裝置 C1電容 ZD1稽納二極體 D1二極體 11For example, or change, 1297299 [Simplified description of the drawings] The first figure is a schematic diagram of the system of the shift control device of the present invention. The second drawing is a circuit configuration diagram of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The third figure is a circuit configuration diagram of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The fourth figure is a circuit configuration diagram of a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 10 shift control device 11 first circuit system 12 external power supply 10 14 start switch 21 second circuit system 22 power semiconductor component 24 voltage regulator circuit 26 microprocessor 261 power pin 262 external power input pin 263 control pin 264 control pin 31 selection switch 15 32 common contact 34 first docking point 36 second docking point 38 third docking point 41 choke coil 51 motor 60 shift control device 265 another pin 61 speed sensing circuit 62 Hall element 20 70 shift control device C1 capacitor ZD1 Jenus diode D1 diode 11