1295366 - 九、發明說明： • 【發明所屬之技術領域】 ， 本發明係關於一種熱傳導裴置，尤指一種熱管。 -【先前技術】 齡具有超靜音、快速傳熱、高熱傳導率、重量輕、 尺寸小、無可動件、結構簡單及多用途等特性，且熱^可 在溫度幾乎保持不變之狀況下扮演快速傳輸大㈣能之超 •導體角色而被廣泛應用。 熱官之基本構造係在密閉管材内壁襯以易吸收作動流 體之毛細結構層，而其中央之空間則為空洞狀態，並在抽 真空之密閉管材内注入相當於毛細肖構層子匕隙總容積之作 _動流體。熱官依吸收與散出熱量之相關位置可分為蒸發 ‘段、冷凝段以及其間之絕熱段；其工作原理係通過工作流 體之液、汽兩相變化之潛熱來傳遞熱量：包括在蒸發段通 過蒸發潛熱自熱源帶走大量熱量，使工作流體蒸發並使蒸 :汽快速通過管内空間，到達冷凝段冷卻凝結成液體且釋放 ：出熱此，上述工作液體則通過貼于熱管内壁之毛細結構層 鴒 所提供之毛細力回流至蒸發段，達到持續相變化之熱能迴 ^ 圈來傳輸熱量。 熱管内毛細結構所具有之毛細作用力與其有效之毛細 孔徑成反比（M = ••表面張力；θ:介面 接觸角；d顆粒大小；毛細孔徑（dc)與顆粒大小（dp)關係 < =ο·42\;)，而管内液體回流所遭遇之阻力與毛細結構之有效 6 12953661295366 - IX. Description of the invention: • [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a heat conduction device, and more particularly to a heat pipe. - [Prior Art] Age is characterized by ultra-quiet, fast heat transfer, high thermal conductivity, light weight, small size, no moving parts, simple structure and versatility, and the heat can be played under the condition that the temperature remains almost unchanged. It is widely used for fast transmission of large (four) capable super-conductor roles. The basic structure of the hot official is that the inner wall of the closed pipe is lined with a capillary structure layer that easily absorbs the actuating fluid, and the space in the center is in a hollow state, and the corresponding capillary layer is injected into the closed pipe of the vacuum. The volume of work _ dynamic fluid. The heat officer can be divided into the evaporation section, the condensation section and the adiabatic section according to the position of absorption and heat dissipation; the working principle is to transfer heat through the latent heat of the liquid and vapor phases of the working fluid: including in the evaporation section By evaporating latent heat, a large amount of heat is taken away from the heat source, so that the working fluid evaporates and the steam: steam quickly passes through the inner space of the pipe, reaches the condensation section, cools and condenses into a liquid, and releases: the heat is generated, and the working liquid passes through the capillary structure attached to the inner wall of the heat pipe. The capillary force provided by the layer is returned to the evaporation section to achieve a continuous phase change of heat energy to transfer heat. The capillary force of the capillary structure in the heat pipe is inversely proportional to its effective capillary diameter (M = •• surface tension; θ: interface contact angle; d particle size; capillary diameter (dc) and particle size (dp) relationship<= ο·42\;), and the resistance encountered by the liquid reflux in the tube is effective with the capillary structure 6 1295366
毛細孔#成反比，既有效毛細孔㈣小，毛細 ^體回流阻力越大。不㈣式之毛細結構具有大小不同之 有效毛細錄，其中，溝槽式杨結構具妹大之有效毛 細孔徑，其毛細作用力小且對流體回流阻力亦較 結粉末與絲網式毛細結構由㈣形成多孔構造，故，具^ 小之有效毛細隸，對液體能産生更大之毛細作用力 隨著，隙變小，騎體回流阻力亦增加，這仙為有效: 細孔徑越小’流體所受到之摩擦阻力與黏滯力亦越大。Capillary pores are inversely proportional, and the effective capillary pores (4) are small, and the capillary backflow resistance is larger. The capillary structure of the (4) type has an effective capillary record of different sizes. Among them, the grooved poplar structure has a large effective capillary pore diameter, and the capillary force is small and the fluid reflux resistance is also better than that of the powder and the wire mesh capillary structure. (4) Forming a porous structure, so that it has a small effective capillary, which can produce a larger capillary force on the liquid, and the gap becomes smaller, and the resistance of the riding body is also increased. This is effective: the smaller the pore diameter, the fluid The frictional resistance and viscous force received are also greater.
圖1為習知熱管之轴向剖面示意圖，該熱管包括金屬 殼體10核於殼體10内之毛細結構20，該熱管一端形成 蒸發段4G，另-端形成冷凝段60，且根據應用需要可在兩 ，中間佈置絕熱段50,該蒸發段4〇用於接收外界熱源之熱 里，並且把熱量傳遞給管内之工作介質（圖未示），使其蒸 發’絕熱段50主要係負責傳輸蒸汽，並擔負著與外界絕熱 =作用，該冷凝段60之作用係使汽態之蒸汽冷凝，並把熱 篁通過管壁傳導至管外再以散熱系統導至大氣中。使用 時，熱管之蒸發段40置於高溫熱源處，密閉金屬殼體ι〇 ，之工作液體受熱而蒸發成氣態，該蒸汽經由殼體1〇内蒸 孓々》·道々丨L向冷凝^又60後放出熱量而冷凝成液態，該冷凝液 體在金屬殼體10内壁毛細結構之吸附力下經由絕熱段5〇 卜、速返回蒸發段4〇並繼續下一次工作迴圈，如此將熱量從 一端傳遞至另一端。 該熱管内部從蒸發段4〇至冷凝段6〇均採用單一型式之 毛細結構，如單一溝槽式結構、單一燒結粉末式結構或單 7 1295366 -絲網式結構，因此在熱f工作之每一局部所 大熱流密度幾乎係-致之，該結構單—之毛細結構 時兼顧較小之流體回流阻力與較大之毛細作用力，且，、5 =時在外界熱源與㈣工作液體之間提供有效之熱= 【發明内容】 有鑒於此，有必要提供一種熱傳效率高之熱管。 一種熱官，包括殼體、設置於殼體内壁之毛細結構以 及封入殼體内之工作液體，該熱管包括冷凝段、絕熱段及 蒸發段，該絕熱段殼體内壁在殼體至内腔中心之方向依序 設置一第一毛細結構及一第二毛細結構，而且該第二毛^細 結構之毛細孔徑大於第二毛細結構之毛細孔徑。 該熱管與習知技術相比具有如下優點：該#管内壁依 序設置兩毛細孔徑大小不同之毛細結構，既能有效降低流 體之，流阻力保證蒸發段足夠之工作介質，又為蒸發段提 供大量之蒸汽成核點以加速工作介質之沸騰效率，同時絕 熱段之複合式毛細結構還起到增加熱管之抗重力特性之作 用’從而提升熱管之傳熱效率。 【實施方式】 圖2及圖3分別係本發明熱管之第一實施例之軸向剖 面及其絕熱段500之橫截面示意圖。該熱管係以直型熱管 來舉例，其主要包括殼體1〇〇、設置於殼體1〇〇内壁之毛細 結構以及封入到殼體100内之適量工作液體（未圖示）。 8 1295366 該殼體100可由銅、銘等導熱性良好之金屬材料製成，其 内一般被抽成真空或接近真空，以利於工作液體受熱蒸 發。該工作液體一般為水、酒精、氨水及其混合物等潛熱 較高之液體。 該熱管按功能依次區分有蒸發段400、絕熱段500、冷 凝段600三個部分。該冷凝段600部分之殼體100内壁設 置一溝槽式毛細結構200,該溝槽式毛細結構200之毛細孔 徑大，回流阻力小，有利於工作液體回流到絕熱段500。該 1 絕熱段500及蒸發段400部分之殼體100内壁分別設置一 溝槽式毛細結構200，其中，在該絕熱段500之溝槽式毛細 ί—…' 結構200内圈加設一層絲網式毛細結構220。該@熱碑500 之溝槽式毛細結構200亦具有毛細孔徑大、回流阻力小之 特點，可迅速將工作液體從冷凝段600導入蒸發段400，而 在溝槽式毛細結構200之内圈加設之絲網式毛細結構 220，則可以達到增加熱管之抗重力特性之目的。 > 圖4係本發明熱管之第二實施例之軸向剖面示意圖。 較第一實施例而言，其主要差異在於其蒸發段400之部分 之殼體100内壁之溝槽式毛細結構200之溝槽内填充粉末 顆粒並進行燒結，從而在該層溝槽式毛細結構200之内圈 形成另一層燒結式毛細結構210,在該溝槽内填充粉體除可 以增加毛細結構之強度外，還可以形成細小之毛細孔徑， 以增加其毛細力，確保在絕熱段500及冷凝段600冷卻之 工作介質被快速且有效地吸引至蒸發段400。 圖5係本發明熱管之第三實施例之軸向剖面示意圖。 9 12953661 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of a conventional heat pipe including a capillary structure 20 in which a metal casing 10 is cored in a casing 10. The heat pipe has an evaporation section 4G at one end and a condensation section 60 at the other end, and is required according to an application. An insulating section 50 may be disposed between the two, and the evaporating section 4 is for receiving heat from an external heat source, and transferring heat to the working medium in the tube (not shown) to evaporate the 'adiabatic section 50 is mainly responsible for transmission. The steam is responsible for adiabatic action with the outside world. The action of the condensing section 60 is to condense the steam of the vapor state, and conduct the heat enthalpy through the pipe wall to the outside of the pipe and then to the atmosphere through the heat dissipation system. In use, the evaporation section 40 of the heat pipe is placed at a high temperature heat source, and the metal casing is sealed, and the working liquid is heated to evaporate into a gaseous state, and the steam is condensed through the casing 1 孓々 · · 向 冷凝 ^ ^ After 60, heat is released and condensed into a liquid state. The condensed liquid is returned to the evaporation section 4 through the adiabatic section 5 under the adsorption force of the capillary structure of the inner wall of the metal casing 10, and continues to the next working loop, thus transferring heat from one end. Pass to the other end. The inside of the heat pipe from the evaporation section 4〇 to the condensation section 6〇 adopts a single type of capillary structure, such as a single groove structure, a single sintered powder structure or a single 7 1295366 - mesh structure, so each work in the heat f The heat flux density of a part is almost the same, and the capillary structure of the structure has a small fluid reflux resistance and a large capillary force, and 5 = between the external heat source and the (IV) working fluid. Providing effective heat = [Summary of the Invention] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a heat pipe having high heat transfer efficiency. A heat official includes a casing, a capillary structure disposed on an inner wall of the casing, and a working liquid enclosed in the casing, the heat pipe including a condensation section, a heat insulation section and an evaporation section, the inner wall of the insulation section housing being at the center of the casing to the inner cavity A first capillary structure and a second capillary structure are sequentially disposed, and a capillary diameter of the second capillary structure is larger than a capillary diameter of the second capillary structure. Compared with the prior art, the heat pipe has the following advantages: the inner wall of the pipe is provided with two capillary structures with different capillary diameters, which can effectively reduce the fluid, the flow resistance ensures sufficient working medium of the evaporation section, and provides the evaporation section. A large number of steam nucleation points accelerate the boiling efficiency of the working medium, and the composite capillary structure of the adiabatic section also functions to increase the anti-gravity characteristics of the heat pipe, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency of the heat pipe. [Embodiment] Figs. 2 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views showing an axial section of a first embodiment of the heat pipe of the present invention and a heat insulating section 500 thereof, respectively. The heat pipe is exemplified by a straight heat pipe, and mainly includes a casing 1 , a capillary structure disposed on the inner wall of the casing 1 , and an appropriate amount of working liquid (not shown) enclosed in the casing 100. 8 1295366 The housing 100 can be made of a metal material having good thermal conductivity such as copper or ingot, and is generally evacuated or nearly vacuumed to facilitate the evaporation of the working liquid. The working fluid is generally a liquid having a higher latent heat such as water, alcohol, ammonia or a mixture thereof. The heat pipe is divided into three parts: an evaporation section 400, an adiabatic section 500, and a condensing section 600 in order. A grooved capillary structure 200 is disposed on the inner wall of the casing 100 of the condensation section 600. The grooved capillary structure 200 has a large capillary diameter and a small backflow resistance, which facilitates the return of the working fluid to the adiabatic section 500. A grooved capillary structure 200 is respectively disposed on the inner wall of the casing 100 of the first heat insulating section 500 and the evaporation section 400, wherein a layer of wire mesh is added to the inner ring of the grooved capillary structure of the heat insulating section 500. Capillary structure 220. The grooved capillary structure 200 of the @热碑500 also has the characteristics of large capillary diameter and small backflow resistance, and can quickly introduce the working liquid from the condensation section 600 into the evaporation section 400, and circle the inside of the grooved capillary structure 200. By setting the wire mesh capillary structure 220, the purpose of increasing the anti-gravity property of the heat pipe can be achieved. > Fig. 4 is a schematic axial sectional view showing a second embodiment of the heat pipe of the present invention. Compared with the first embodiment, the main difference is that the groove of the grooved capillary structure 200 of the inner wall of the casing 100 of the portion of the evaporation section 400 is filled with powder particles and sintered, thereby forming a grooved capillary structure in the layer. The inner ring of 200 forms another layer of sintered capillary structure 210. In addition to filling the powder, the powder can increase the strength of the capillary structure, and can also form a fine capillary pore diameter to increase the capillary force thereof, and ensure the insulation section 500 and The working medium cooled by the condensing section 600 is quickly and efficiently attracted to the evaporation section 400. Figure 5 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the heat pipe of the present invention. 9 1295366
•較第二實施例而言，其主要差異在於其蒸發段4〇〇之密封 殼體100由表面至腔體中心之方向，在其燒結式毛細結構 210之内圈加設絲網式毛細結構2 2 〇，同時其孔徑大小由金 屬殼體100表面至腔體中心依序遞增。這樣既可以將沸騰 氣泡再次分割以形成更多之微氣分子，亦將在熱管製造過 程中改善其凝棒脫膜性之不良，以增加其量産性。 D . 可以理解，在本發明實施例中，熱管絕熱段500還可 籲以通過在其密封殼體100之内壁設置之溝槽式毛細結構 200内圈上，加設其他毛細孔徑較溝槽式毛細結構小之蜂巢 式毛細結構，來達到增加絕熱段500之毛細作用力及其抗 重力特性之目的。蒸發段400設置之毛細結構可以與絕S #又500相同，或者設置毛細孔徑小於絕熱段及冷凝段 6^00之毛細結構，如此則從冷凝段6〇〇、絕熱段5〇〇至蒸發 ^段400所設毛細結構之有效毛細孔徑依次逐漸減小，使回 流液體回流更順暢。 • 綜上所述，本發明符合發明專利要件，爰依法提出專 •利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，舉凡 _熟悉本案技藝之人士，在爰依本發明精神所作之等效修飾 或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係習知技術熱管之軸向剖面示意圖。 圖2係本發明熱管之第一實施例之轴向剖面示意圖。 圖3係圖2所示熱管之絕熱段之橫截面示意圖。 圖4係本發明熱管之第二實施例之軸向剖面示意圖。 1295366 圖5係本發明熱管之第三實施例之軸向剖面示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 [習知] 殼體 10 毛細結構20 蒸發段 40 絕熱段 50 冷凝段 60 [本發明] 殼體 100 燒結式毛細結構210 蒸發段 400 冷凝段 600 溝槽式毛細結構 200 絲網式毛細結構 220 絕熱段 500• The main difference compared to the second embodiment is that the sealing housing 100 of the evaporation section 4 is in the direction from the surface to the center of the cavity, and a wire mesh capillary structure is added to the inner circumference of the sintered capillary structure 210. 2 2 〇, while its aperture size is sequentially increased from the surface of the metal casing 100 to the center of the cavity. In this way, the boiling bubbles can be divided again to form more micro-gas molecules, and the badness of the coagulation strips in the heat pipe manufacturing process can be improved to increase the mass productivity. It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the heat pipe insulation section 500 can also be called by the inner ring of the grooved capillary structure 200 disposed on the inner wall of the sealed casing 100, and other capillary apertures are added to the groove type. The honeycomb structure of the capillary structure is small to achieve the purpose of increasing the capillary force of the adiabatic section 500 and its anti-gravity characteristics. The capillary structure provided by the evaporation section 400 may be the same as that of the absolute S #500, or a capillary structure having a capillary diameter smaller than that of the adiabatic section and the condensation section 6^00, so that the condensation section 6〇〇, the adiabatic section 5〇〇, and the evaporation ^ The effective capillary diameter of the capillary structure provided in the section 400 is gradually reduced in order to make the reflux of the reflux liquid smoother. • In summary, the present invention complies with the requirements of the invention patent, and applies for a special application in accordance with the law. However, the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art will be included in the following claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of a conventional heat pipe. 2 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the heat pipe of the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat insulating section of the heat pipe shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the heat pipe of the present invention. 1295366 FIG. 5 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the heat pipe of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] [Generally known] Housing 10 Capillary structure 20 Evaporation section 40 Adiabatic section 50 Condensation section 60 [Invention] Housing 100 Sintered capillary structure 210 Evaporation section 400 Condensation section 600 Grooved capillary structure 200 Wire Mesh capillary structure 220 insulation segment 500
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