TWI293363B - High performance fluorescent optical sensor - Google Patents
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- G01N21/7703—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides
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Description
1293363 ⑴ 玖、發明說明 (發明說明應敘明:發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、内容、實施方式及圖式簡單說明) 發明說明 技術領域 本發明一般係關於感測器裝置,其用於從一包含待分析 物的指示劑偵測電磁發射,其中發射之特徵隨分析物濃度 而變化。特定言之,本發明係關於此類感測器裝置之設計 和性能的改善。 先前拮術 美國專利案號5,517,3 13中揭露了一種螢光感測裝置,其 包括一含有螢光指示劑分子之矩陣的分層陣列(下文中稱 「螢光矩陣」)、一高通滤波器(high-pass filter)和一光憤 測器(photodetector),其内容以提及方式併入本文。在此 裝置中,光源最好為一發光二極體(「LED」),其至少部 分位於指示劑材料中,使光源之入射光能導致指示劑分子 發螢光。高通濾波器讓發射光到達光偵測器,同時從光源 過濾出散射的入射光。一分析物可以滲透該螢光矩陣,根 據存在之分析物數量比例來改變指示劑物質的螢光特性然 後由光偵測器偵測並測量螢光發射,於是即可測量出待測 裱境中存在的分析物之數量或濃度。 上述5,517,3 13專利案中揭露之該類感測器裝置的一有利 應用’係將該裝置經皮下或經靜脈或其它方式植入人體, 使得可隨時對分析物進行即時測量。例如,其適於測量麻 醉狀態下病人血液中的氧濃度,或糖尿病人血液中的葡萄 1293363 (0) 發明說明縝頁 自5,517,313專利案說明之裝置發明以來,本發明者已研 製出許多改進設計,其明顯增強了 5,517,313專利案說明之 該類光學感測器裝置的性能、可靠度和使用壽命。 特疋e之’尤其因為在活體内(in_viv〇)或在現地(in_si加) 的應用中,對該類感測器裝置之尺寸和重量的限制,所以 為了獲得更可靠準確的測量信號,盡可能提高指示劑矩陣 的效率就很重要,同時還要盡可能降低功率損耗和產熱量 。此外,感測器裝置設計應可以進行具有成本效益的大量 生產,且銷售價格要合理。另外,也期望盡可能延長裝置 的使用壽命,特別是在該裝置必須植入人體用於生物分析 物(bioanalyte)之現地偵測的應用中。 發明内交 依據本發明的一項觀點,其提供了 一種用於確定一分析 物之存在或濃度的光學感測器裝置,其包括一基板、基板 上構成的一遮光板層’且基板包含至少兩腔室,一光源安 裝於基板表面上並在其中一腔室中,用於首先發射依據激 勵(energization)而預選波長之光,一光债測器安裝於基板 表面上與光源相鄰並在另一腔室中,且由遮光板與光源隔 離,用於偵測其上的入射光,並產生一響應的電氣信號, 一波導管形成於光源及光偵測器之上,其中含有光源之腔 室係用透明的環氧材料填充,且該材料與波導管的折射率 相同,使得光源可視為「位於波導管中」,波導管的平均 厚度對應於該遮光板所決定的光源之遠場發射點,及一可 透過分析物之指示劑矩陣置於波導管之外表面,該螢光矩 1293363 (2) 發明說明績頁 接照明,該波導管之外表面具有螢光指示劑矩陣1 05,並 且只能直接收集光偵測器102表面上指示劑矩陣105的響應 發射。内部擋板104阻止光源101對光偵測器102的散射照 明。圖6顯示LED光源的光發射幾何輪廓。 採用先前的感測器構造所產生的一個問題為,用作光源 的標準LED之發射光並非單一波長,而係包括明顯數量的 長波長光發射,其可降低所獲得的測量信號之品質。例如 ,一標準的藍色LED發射460 nm波長的光,但因各種因素 ,包括製造過程中的因素,有明顯數量(如約總發射量的 0.1%或更多)的光發射散佈進入了光譜的紅色區域(如6〇〇 nm 以上)。掺雜紅色的環氧材料107係用作一濾波器,以阻礙 藍色波長光入射至光偵測器103上,但不能濾出LED光源 的所謂「紅尾(red-tail)」發射。 在使用菲繞琳聯苯釕(ruthenium biphenyl phenanthroline) 作為指示劑矩陣的氧感測器裝置的情形中,該等指示劑的 峰值發射為613 nm。因而,LED的「紅尾」發射會影響指示 劑的信號。該「紅尾」發射引起信號基線上升,因而抑制 了對指示劑之螢光發射有價值的可讀處理。如圖3 A所示。 如圖所示,(理想的)藍色波長光發射3〇1伴有外來多餘 的紅色波長光發射302,先前的波導管構造可將紅色波長 光反射至光偵測器1 02的偵測表面。依據本發明之直接照 明構造,LED光源的大多數多餘的紅色波長發射302並未 在波導管表面反射回光偵測器,而是直接通過了波導管, 使得大體上只有藍色波長的螢光發射303響應藍色波長光 1293363 (3) 發明說明績頁 波301的激發,照射到光偵測器1〇2的光偵測表面上。依據 實驗測量,基線雜訊比先前構造的幾何形狀產生之基線雜 訊的等級下降了 40倍以上(如從23 mV降至0.5 mV以下)。 依據本發明,光學感測器裝置的最簡單、最有效配置係 波導管具有一平坦表面,如圖1A至1B和2 A至2B所示。其 亦可為一彎曲表面,如圖4所示。此外,也可能具有其它 的表面幾何形態,如鑛齒形、人字形(gable)或相反的表面 形狀,以增加表面面積,從而增加用於分析物交互作用的 指示劑數量。 由先前設計,可想到波導管的彎曲拱形有助於使信號光 聚焦於光偵測器上。事實卻與之相反,依據本發明之設計 ’内一反射或聚焦並非主要現象。如圖4所示,棋形之焦點 402與偵測器1〇2無關,且事實上完全在感測器裝置之外。 實驗觀察和測量已證實,與内部反射光相反,產生的絕 大多數指示劑光只響應光源的直接照明。 圖5A至5D顯示反射並非信號強度的主要影響因素的情 形下,多個不同波導管厚度的最佳方案。如圖所示,製造 了各種厚度的波導管,此處厚度與一距離成比例關係,即 從LED光源至LED光源之遠場發射點χ與波導管表面之交 點之間的距離。對於每一厚度,均以固定的LED電流和放 大器增益測量信號強度。如圖所示,波導管厚度為χ/3, 產生約5 mV的信號,厚度為2χ/3,產生約2〇❿乂的信號, 厚度為X,產生約50 mV的信號,及厚度為4χ/3,產生約 4〇 mV的信號。從這些結果中可看出',當波導管厚度等於 •10· 1293363 (4) 發明說明續頁 X時’可獲得峰值信號強度,換言之,此處LED光源之遠 場發射點與波導管角落重合。 為了獲付A大的表面面積,此處波導管之表面並未製成 平坦’厚度X等於從波導管之下表面測量的表面圖案的平 均南度。
依據本發明之光學感測器裝置也可配置成雙债測器或多 偵測器’光偵測器安裝於led的兩側,不同的指示劑矩陣 置於各別光偵測器之上,使得LED的同一激發波長可激發 母扣示劑矩陣的不同螢光波長。或者,可使用多個LED ,其中每一LED發射不同的激發波長,引起不同的螢光波 長響應。 本發明即說明如上,對熟悉技術人士而言,顯然可對同 樣的方式進行各種變化,而不會背離本發明之精神與範圍 例如,儘官為便於顯示,已參考螢光感測器裝置對本發 月進行了说明,但本發明之原理可應用於採用除螢光之外 的其它偵測現象的光學感測器裝置。所有這類修改均包含 在下列申請專利範圍内。 -圖式簡單説明 結合附圖並參考以上對較佳具體實施例的詳細說明,可 更全面地理解本發明,附圖僅為了便於說明,因而不應視 為對本發明之限制,其中: 圖1A為依據本發明一項具體實施例之一光學感測器裝置 的俯視圖; 圖1B為圖1A中光學感測器裝置的側視圖; 1293363 發明說明續頁 (7)第091丨35686號專利申請案 中文說明書替換頁(96年2月) 圖2Α為圖1Α至1Β之光學感測器裝置的侧視圖,顯示激 發和指示劑的響應可見區; 圖2B為圖2A的一端視圖; 、,3A和3B為側視圖,分別顯示光學感測器之光源發射 光雜訊的問題和本發明的解決方案· 一圖4為—側視圖’顯示對於依據本發明之-替代性且體 貫施例的光學感測器使用一彎曲波導管表面· 八一 圖5A至5D為側視圖,顯示對於依S 、、 置,波導管厚度之最佳化方案,以及 ' 月之感測器裝 圖6之圖表顯示適於與依據本發 、 起使用之LED光源的光發射量變曲線。帛感測器裝置-圖式代表符號說明 100 基板 101 發光二極體 101 光源 102 光二極體 102 光偵測器 103 波導管 104 擋板層部分 l〇4a 内部擋板 10 5 螢光指示劑矩陣 106 透明環氧材料 10 7 推雜紅色的環氧材料 110 底層 82545-960206.doc 1293363 (6) 藍色波長光發射 紅色波長發射 紅色波長螢光發射 焦點 發明說明績頁 301 302 303 402 -13-
Claims (1)
1293363 苐091135686號專利申請宰 / 中文申請專利範圍替換本(96年2月) u 拾、申請專利範圍 1 ·種光予感測器裝置,用於確定一分析物之存在或濃度 ,其包括: 一基板; 一光源,用於首先發射依據激勵一預先選擇波長之光 ’其係安裝於該基板之一表面上; 光债測為’用於積測其上的入射光並產生一響應的 電氣信號,其係安裝於該基板表面與該光源相鄰,且在 此由一遮光板與該光源隔離; 波V f在该光源和該光偵測器之上,該波導管之平 均厚度對應於該遮光板所決定的該光源之遠場發射點, 以及 一可透過分析物之指示劑矩陣置於該波導管之外側表 面,該指示劑矩陣包含發光指示劑分子,其光發射因該 矩’中存在分析物而削弱或增強,選擇該指示劑分子, 使該光源發射之該波長激發該指示劑分子中之光發射, 其中 該光偵測器產生—Φ W % ^ 厓玍電軋#唬,以響應該指示劑分子發射 於其上之入射光。 2: W專利轭圍第1項之光學感測器裝置,其中該波 管之該外側表面係大體平坦,且該波導管之該厚度係 應於該光源之該遠場發射點。 82545-960206.doc 1293363
申請專利範圍續頁 4· 士申,專利乾圍第3項之光學感測器裝置,纟中該曲線 拱形之一焦點係在該感測器襞置之外。 5·士申明專利範圍第i項之光學感測器裝置,&中使該光 源發射之多餘的其它波長光,無需在此處反射而係穿透 出该波導管以外。 :申π專利範圍第i項之光學感測器裝置,其中該感測 裔波置係用於偵測至少兩個不同的分析物。 7·^申明專利範圍第i項之光學感測器裝置,其中可透過 分析物之該指示劑矩陣實質上只能由該光源之直接照明 而照明。 8. 如申請專利範圍第1項 測器實質上只收集該指 9. 如申請專利範圍第1項 係為一 LED。 之光學感測器裝置,其中該光偵 示劑矩陣之直接螢光照明。 之光學感測器裝置,其中該光源 其中該光{ 10.如申請專利範圍第1項之*學感測器震置 測益係為一光二極體。 11 ·如申請專利範圍繁 W第1項之先學感測器裝置,其中該發 才曰示劑分子係為螢光分子。 12 ·如申請專利範圍第與 固弟1員之先子感測器裝置,其中該遮 板定義至少兩個腔室,告弁 甘上,+ 田口系九源和該光偵測器安裝於 基板上日守係位於腔室中, 至T 且a /皮導管係形成於該腔室 〇 13·如申請專利範圍第12項之光學感測器裝置,進一步包 -透明填充材料’其係在該光源所在之腔室中且在該 82545-960206.doc 1293363 ί^ΤΓΓ—»r :干田移浸.)正替換頁|____| 〜^一·一一一〜·__ _ 申請專利範圍續頁. Ϊ:二其:中該透明填充材料之折射率實質上等於該波 射率’使得該光源實際上安裝於該波導管之 中 0 I4·如申請專利範圍第12頊夕止m 4 ^ 囷乐項之先學感測器裝置,進一步包括 心色摻雜填充材/料’其在該光偵_器所在之腔室中且 在该光偵測器之上,其中該彩色摻雜填充材料係用作一 濾波器,以阻止該光源發射之主要波長光照射到該光偵 測器上。 82545-960206.doc I293綱腦峨樹請案Μ 中文說明書替換頁(96年2月 陸、(一)、本案指定代表圖為:第_1^圖 (二)、本代表圖之元件代表符號簡單說明: 100 基板 101 發光二極體 102 光二極體
柒、本案若有化學式時’請揭不最能顯不發明特徵的化學式·
82545-960206.doc -4-
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- 2002-12-11 AT AT02794226T patent/ATE436011T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-12-11 MX MXPA04005608A patent/MXPA04005608A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2002-12-11 CA CA2469870A patent/CA2469870C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-11 EP EP02794226A patent/EP1454129B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-11 CN CN02824835XA patent/CN1602420B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-11 AU AU2002359673A patent/AU2002359673B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-12-11 BR BR0214824-2A patent/BR0214824A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-12-11 JP JP2003551521A patent/JP4430396B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-11 DE DE60232912T patent/DE60232912D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-06-24 US US11/165,129 patent/US7190445B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1454129B1 (en) | 2009-07-08 |
| US20030156290A1 (en) | 2003-08-21 |
| US6940590B2 (en) | 2005-09-06 |
| CN101819149B (zh) | 2012-06-13 |
| CA2469870C (en) | 2011-07-26 |
| US20050237518A1 (en) | 2005-10-27 |
| WO2003050519A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
| EP1454129A4 (en) | 2006-08-02 |
| JP2005513426A (ja) | 2005-05-12 |
| US7190445B2 (en) | 2007-03-13 |
| DE60232912D1 (de) | 2009-08-20 |
| EP1454129A1 (en) | 2004-09-08 |
| TW200303984A (en) | 2003-09-16 |
| AU2002359673B2 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
| AU2002359673A1 (en) | 2003-06-23 |
| BR0214824A (pt) | 2004-09-14 |
| ATE436011T1 (de) | 2009-07-15 |
| CA2469870A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
| HK1148067A1 (zh) | 2011-08-26 |
| HK1064442A1 (zh) | 2005-01-28 |
| CN1602420B (zh) | 2010-05-26 |
| MXPA04005608A (es) | 2004-12-06 |
| JP4430396B2 (ja) | 2010-03-10 |
| CN101819149A (zh) | 2010-09-01 |
| CN1602420A (zh) | 2005-03-30 |
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| MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |