•1278174 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於將交流輸入電壓予以整流而形成直流電 壓，再利用平滑用電容器平滑該直流電壓，且利用開關2 件來開關該直流電壓’而從轉換變壓器輸出交流輪壓 的一種開關電源電路。 & 电土 【先前技術】 該種方式的開關電源電路的先前技術中，已知 特開2004-096863號公報所揭示的開關電源電路〇 ^ " 技術所揭示的開關電源電路，係於 ：: 有使與平滑用電容器串聯連接之ppr DD的一次側言」 關元件。限”阻；:=流電阻短路的短路用^ 1干 抓电阻，係在交流輸入電壓措入护/ * 限制流到平滑用電容器的突波 ：广隻期間 的全波整流電路之輪出部的 輪入氣麼進行整流 束’流入到平滑用電容哭的突二…於保護期間結 的白勺大波電流結走德m (ON)’以減少限流電阻所造成的電 “為¥通 (專利文獻】）日本特開20〇4-〇96863 f發明内容】 (發明所欲解決之課題） 然而，在先前技術所揭示的 +、 時器係包含電阻與電容 …原電路中，硬體計 阻與電容器之大小來決定。可是’保護期間係由該等的電 輸入電壓的大小與周邊 ：’該保護期間係伴隨交流 里度寺的外部條件之變化而變化。 3]6]〇〇 1278174 間在例如50(_)到(_)的範圍内變化。 曰乂“别入電壓較大的情況或周邊 ==也足夠，但在交流輸， 間皿而又^的最差外部條件下，為了確保足夠的保護期 σ又疋了較長的保護期間。 在㈣護期間由於限流電阻所造成的電力損失大 流通於轉換變舞哭^ — 、 且 刹姑上勺一二人侧線圈之電流也受到限流電阻的 限制，敌父流輸出電壓的大小也受限。設定較 間的結果，開關電源電中… 的受限期間也變長。力抽失增大，且交流輪出 本發明係提供—種可改善上述缺 (用以解決課題之手段） 頂书源电路。 敕、=開關電源電路係具備：對交流輸入電壓進行 滑用電容器;限制對該平滑用電容 :限流減少的狀態變為導通(〇 爪电阻紐路的短路用開關（switc (swi^ 刖述開關元件接受前述直流電壓的供給而產生 堡的轉換變壓器’而根據前述交流輪出電壓供電至^載= 開關電源電路，JL中，廿且古拉 、載 確期門…二 猎由計數時脈信號而設定保 器，且前述短路用開關元件係藉由前述 專人脰计％态，而在丽述交流輪入 間之後導通（ΟΝ)。 人起^34保護期 316100 6 1278174 (發明之效果） - 在本發明的開關電源電路中所用的軟體計時器，係藉 《 由計數時脈信號’來設定保護期間。利用該軟體計時ι§而 ' 設定的保護期間，只要不變更設定，與開關電源電路的交 流輸入電壓、周邊溫度無關，可實質地保持一定。因此， 藉由適度地設定該保護期間，即可降低限流電阻所造成的 電力損失’並縮短父流輸出電壓受到限制之時間。 【實施方式】 以下，針對本發明的實施形態，參照圖式加以說明。 第1實施形態 第1圖係顯示本發明之開關電源電路的第1實施形態 之電路圖。該第1實施形態之開關電源電路係包含：交流 輸入電路ACI、整流電路REC、直流電路DCC、開關元件 S W、計時器電路TMC、變換電路INV、輸出電路OUT及 控制電路CNT。 該開關電源電路係利用整流電路REC對來自交流輸_ 入電路ACI的交流輸入電壓V1進行整流，而於直流電路 DCC產生直流電壓V2，且將該直流電壓V2供給至變換電 路INV的一次侧電路。藉由以開關元件SW周期性地開關 、 該變換電路INV的一次侧電路之直流電壓V2，於變換電 . 路INV的二次侧的輸出電路OUT產生交流輸出電壓V3、 V4，並根據該交流輸出電壓V3、V4供電至負載。 該第1實施形態之開關電源電路，係使用於例如自動 張力控制裝置或手動張力控制裝置中。藉由調整開關元件 7 316100 1278174 的導通/切斷（〇N/〇FF)周期之〇^時間比率，亦即藉由 调整ON工作比可輕易地調整變換電路INV的二次側的輪 =電路out之交流輸出電壓V3、V4之大小。該開關電: 電路，係作為例如自動張力控制裝置或手動張力控制裝置 的電源使用。在自動張力控制裝置或手動張力控制裝置， ，藉由調整交流輸出電壓V3、V4之大小，來控制例如紙、 溥胰、電線等長條狀材（web)的張力程度。或者，以手動方 式調整交流輸出電壓V3、V4,而以手動方式控制㈣的 張力。在該等的自動張力控制裝置或手動張力控制裝置，_ 作為控制機器的張力控制裝置（tensi〇n c〇ntr〇ller)係使用 張力感測器作為感測器，又使用動力離合器 clutch)、動力制動器（power brake)、伺服馬達、或向量馬 達（vector motor)作為web的驅動機器。 父流輸入電路ACI，係包含交流輸入端子L、N與線 路濾波器（line filter)l。在交流輸入端子L、N之間供給有 交流輸入電壓ΛΠ，該交流輸入電壓V1係由例如商用=流籲 電源供給，其額定電壓值為85至264(V)，其頻率為5〇或 6〇(Hz)。該交流輸入電壓V1的額定電壓值與頻率，係對 應世界各國的商用交流電源的額定值。不過，依據某國的 商用交流電源，在某額定電壓與某頻率動作時，亦會有交 流輸入電壓VI的大小與頻率產生變動的情形。 整流電路REC，係包含全波整流電路2，該全波整流 電路2具有一對的交流輸入端子2a、2b，以及一對的直流 輸出端子2c、2d °交流輸入端子2a、2b，係透過線路遽波 316)00 8 1278174 裔1而與交流輸入端子L、N連接 侧端子，直$ _屮 爪知出鸲子2c為正 係盘直Γ 子2d為負側端子。直流電路DCC， ^ 出端子2c、2d連接。 夂換笔路INV，係包含轉換變單 3，係包含'义土。。3。该轉換變壓器 源線圈二次線圈Μ以及控制電 次線圈％、連接，2個二 係與控制電路CNT連接。 4接，控制電源線圈3d 直飢電路DCC中，得句冬pg闕一 丁MC、平$雨Φ六如”匕3開關兀件SW、計時器電路 與保错電：8电:：4、限流電阻5、短路用開關元件6 用電容器4係使直流電路慨的直流 包M V2平滑介用沾恭+抑 〜且級 F)的電解電容器。限二使用，如電容值…9… 之同日士門私a 、々丨L兒阻5係在乂流輸入電壓VI投入 的TP:限制流通至平滑用電容器4 泥電阻二心"限机電阻5係使用例如5(w)、15(Ω)的水 "匕甩阻，其電阻值尺Α 保護期間TP的結束而使限心：用開關元件6係伴隨彳 限5所造成的電吏^甩阻5短路，以降低限流電 關元件s w流通至她二爻電阻5的短路，經由開BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to rectifying an AC input voltage to form a DC voltage, smoothing the DC voltage with a smoothing capacitor, and switching the DC voltage by means of a switch 2 And a switching power supply circuit that outputs an AC wheel pressure from a conversion transformer. &Electrical Soil [Prior Art] In the prior art of the switching power supply circuit of this type, the switching power supply circuit disclosed in the technique disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-096863 is known as: : There is a one-sided "off" component that connects the ppr DD connected in series with the smoothing capacitor. Limit "resistance": := short circuit of current resistance short circuit with ^ 1 dry grab resistor, is connected to the AC input voltage protection / * Limit the flow to the smoothing capacitor surge: the wide-wave period of the full-wave rectifier circuit The rounding of the gas into the rectifying beam 'flow into the smoothing capacitor to cry the second... the large wave current during the protection period is connected to the de m (ON)' to reduce the electricity caused by the current limiting resistor. Patent Document]) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 20-〇96863 f Summary of the Invention (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the +, time device disclosed in the prior art includes a resistor and a capacitor... In the original circuit, the hardware meter The resistance is determined by the size of the capacitor. However, the 'protection period' is determined by the magnitude of the electric input voltage and the surrounding area: 'The period of protection changes with the change of the external conditions of the AC Ridu Temple. 3]6] 〇〇 1278174 varies between, for example, 50 (_) to (_).曰乂 “Do not enter the voltage or the surrounding == is enough, but in the worst external conditions of AC, and the dish, and in order to ensure a sufficient protection period σ, a longer protection period is obtained. During the (four) protection period, the power loss caused by the current limiting resistor is greatly circulated in the conversion and dances, and the current of the coil of one or two people on the brake pedal is also limited by the current limiting resistor. It is also limited. The set time is longer, the limited period of the switching power supply... is also longer. The force loss is increased, and the AC wheel is provided by the present invention to improve the above-mentioned problems (the means for solving the problem) The top-source source circuit. The 敕 and = switching power supply circuits are provided with a slip capacitor for the AC input voltage, and the smoothing capacitor is limited to a state in which the current limit is reduced (the short-circuit switch of the claw resistor circuit ( Switc (swi^ 开关 开关 开关 开关 开关 开关 开关 开关 开关 开关 开关 开关 sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw Second hunting The clock signal is counted and the protector is set, and the short-circuit switching element is turned on (ΟΝ) after the alternating current wheel is in the state of the above-mentioned special-purpose switch. The person is 3434 protection period 316100 6 1278174 (invention (Effect) - The software timer used in the switching power supply circuit of the present invention sets the protection period by "counting the clock signal". The protection period set by the software timing is not changed, and the setting is not changed. The AC input voltage and the peripheral temperature of the switching power supply circuit can be kept substantially constant. Therefore, by appropriately setting the protection period, the power loss caused by the current limiting resistor can be reduced and the output voltage of the parent current is limited. [Embodiment] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of a switching power supply circuit according to the present invention. The switching power supply circuit includes: an AC input circuit ACI, a rectifier circuit REC, a DC circuit DCC, a switching element SW, and a timer circuit TM C. The conversion circuit INV, the output circuit OUT, and the control circuit CNT. The switching power supply circuit rectifies the AC input voltage V1 from the AC input-in circuit ACI by the rectifier circuit REC, and generates the DC voltage V2 in the DC circuit DCC, and The DC voltage V2 is supplied to the primary side circuit of the conversion circuit INV. The DC voltage V2 of the primary side circuit of the conversion circuit INV is periodically switched by the switching element SW to convert the secondary side of the circuit INV. The output circuit OUT generates AC output voltages V3 and V4, and supplies power to the load based on the AC output voltages V3 and V4. The switching power supply circuit of the first embodiment is used, for example, in an automatic tension control device or a manual tension control device. By adjusting the ratio of the on/off (〇N/〇FF) period of the switching element 7 316100 1278174, that is, by adjusting the ON ratio, the secondary side of the conversion circuit INV can be easily adjusted. Out of the AC output voltage V3, V4 size. The switch: the circuit is used as a power source such as an automatic tension control device or a manual tension control device. In the automatic tension control device or the manual tension control device, by adjusting the magnitudes of the AC output voltages V3, V4, the degree of tension of a web such as paper, pancreas, or electric wire is controlled. Alternatively, manually adjust the AC output voltages V3, V4 and manually control the tension of (4). In these automatic tension control devices or manual tension control devices, _ as a tension control device for the control device (tensi〇nc〇ntr〇ller) uses a tension sensor as a sensor, and uses a power clutch, power A power brake, a servo motor, or a vector motor is used as a web drive machine. The parent current input circuit ACI includes an AC input terminal L, N and a line filter 1. An AC input voltage ΛΠ is supplied between the AC input terminals L and N. The AC input voltage V1 is supplied by, for example, a commercial power supply, and has a rated voltage of 85 to 264 (V) and a frequency of 5 〇 or 6 〇 (Hz). The rated voltage value and frequency of the AC input voltage V1 correspond to the rated values of commercial AC power supplies in various countries around the world. However, depending on the commercial AC power supply in a country, when the rated voltage and a certain frequency are operated, the magnitude and frequency of the AC input voltage VI may also change. The rectifier circuit REC includes a full-wave rectifier circuit 2 having a pair of AC input terminals 2a, 2b, and a pair of DC output terminals 2c, 2d AC input terminals 2a, 2b, which are transmission lines遽波316)00 8 1278174 11 and the AC input terminal L, N connected to the side terminal, straight $ _ 屮 claw know that the tweezer 2c is the positive caliper straight Γ 2d is the negative side terminal. The DC circuit DCC, ^ terminals 2c, 2d are connected.夂Change the pen INV, which contains the conversion variable 3, which contains 'Yi Tu. . 3. The conversion transformer source coil secondary coil Μ and the control electric secondary coil are connected and connected, and the two secondary systems are connected to the control circuit CNT. 4 connection, control power coil 3d straight hungry circuit DCC, get sentence winter pg阙 一丁 MC, flat $ rain Φ six as "匕3 switch element SW, timer circuit and fault-protected electricity: 8 electricity:: 4, current limit The resistor 5 and the short-circuiting switching element 6 use the capacitor 4 to smooth the DC package M V2 of the DC circuit by using an electrolytic capacitor of the same level and the level F). The second is used, for example, the capacitance value...9... Door private a, 々丨L children resistance 5 series TP input in turbulent input voltage VI: limit circulation to smoothing capacitor 4 mud resistance two core " limit resistor 5 system use, for example, 5 (w), 15 (Ω) Water's resistance, its resistance value Α The end of the protection period TP to limit the center: the switching element 6 is accompanied by the limit 5 of the electric 吏 甩 5 short circuit to reduce the current limiting component Sw flows to her short circuit of the secondary resistor 5, via the opening
Vl ^ 汁夺σσ甩路TMC係與交流輸入電壓 投入同步開始保護期間τρ’並與該保護期間τρ的結 束同步，使短路用開關元件6導通（〇Ν)。 全波整流電路2的亩、、古山^山^ 次線圈…侧端：一 泉圈3a的下側端子則透過開 316100 9 1278174 關元件sw、保護電㈣、 路2的直流輪出端子2d。 而連接至全波整流電 -Γ ίΓsw 5 # ^ ^ ^ft(p〇wer s-tc^ng)7t # 7 ^的二子^fMQSFET7的汲極D係與—次綠 連接。在“==保護電阻8直接 2d間’係連接限流電阻5。平滑二流輸出端子 至全波整流電路2的直：:端子^ 與限流電子係連接至保護電阻8 电丨放5的連接郎點CN2 〇 短路===件6係於其導通_)時，使限流電阻$ D、源極S、fwG ^亦為功率咖，具有沒極 連接至路用功率M〇SFET 6的沒極D 的直、I點⑽’其源# S係連接至全波整流電路2 :弋“子2d與限流電阻5的節點cn3。 計時器電路TMC，係句人拟七^一 μ 動電路！〇、第卜㈣Λ/ 路用開關7的驅 動電路心包::動：^ 元件S t 榀ς Pe, 刀卞MUW£T，具有汲極D、源 接至、^極G。該驅動用功率咖F E T !!的汲極D直接連 M0SFET 6的沒極D，驅動用功率 的源直接連接至短路用功率則咖以的_〇。 电阻12、13、14、15 ’係相互串聯連接在短路用功率 ]〇 316100 1278174 MOSFET 6的汲極D與源極S之間。電阻12與電阻13的 連接節點CN4，係直接連接至驅動用MOSFET 11的閘極 G，電阻14與電阻15的連接節點CN6，係直接連接至短 路用功率MOSFET 6的閘極G。 第1計時器電路20，係包含光耦合器21、電阻24、 電晶體25、電容器26、電阻27、電腦（CPU)28、軟體計時 器29。光耦合器21具有輸出電晶體22與發光元件23，為 藉由來自發光元件23的光使輸出電晶體22導通、切斷 (ON、OFF)者。輸出電晶體22係具有集極C與射極E，集 極C係直接連接至電阻12與電阻13的連接節點CN4，而 射極E則直接連接至短路用功率MOSFET 6的沒極D。 發光元件23為發光二極體，具有陽極A與陰極K。 電晶體25為NPN型雙載子電晶體，具有集極C、射極E、 基極B。電腦（CPU)28為例如微電腦，係連接在輸出端子 28a、28b間之内建有直流電源者。輸出端子28a、28b之 間，產生例如5伏特的直流電源電壓V c c。 發光二極體23的陽極A，係經由電阻24而直接連接 至電腦（CPU)28的輸出端子28a。發光二極體23的陰極K， 係直接連接至電晶體25的集極C，電晶體25的射極E係 直接連接至電腦（CPU)28的輸出端子28b。電晶體25的基 極B ’係經由電阻2 7而連接至軟體計時器2 9的輸出端子 29a。電容器26,係直接連接在電晶體25的基極B與射極 E之間。 電腦（CPU)28係用以在第1實施形態所應用的張力控 11 316100 1278174 ，裝置中，檢測藉開關元件 麗V3、V4，並顯示該電 乃正幻的乂 4出電 V4經敕、、Λ而忠&古 土者亦有頭不交流輸出電壓V3、 二正*而成的直流輸出電 比值I員千兮丄、ώ 土人 石电細(CPU)28，係以類 值- 員不该父流輸出電壓 流輪出電壓。再者"… 输整流而成的直 元件SW而調敖、尚夫电@ U)28 ’係以百分比顯示藉開關The Vl ^ σσ甩路TMC system and the AC input voltage input synchronization start protection period τρ' are synchronized with the end of the protection period τρ, and the short-circuiting switching element 6 is turned on (〇Ν). The full-wave rectification circuit 2 is mu, the Gushan ^ mountain ^ coil... The side end: the lower terminal of the spring ring 3a is opened by 316100 9 1278174, the component sw, the protection electric (4), and the DC output terminal 2d of the road 2. And the connection to the full-wave rectification electric - Γ ί Γ 5 5 5 ^ ^ ^ ft (p〇wer s-tc ^ ng) 7t # 7 ^ two sub-fmQSFET7 bungee D system and - sub-green connection. Connect the current limiting resistor 5 between “==protection resistor 8 directly 2d.” Smoothing the two-current output terminal to the full-wave rectifier circuit 2:: terminal ^ and current-limiting electron system are connected to the protection resistor 8 Lang point CN2 〇 short circuit === piece 6 is connected to _), so that the current limiting resistor $ D, source S, fwG ^ is also power coffee, with no connection to the road power M〇SFET 6 The straight D, the I point (10) 'the source # S is connected to the full-wave rectifying circuit 2: 弋 "sub 2d and the node cn3 of the current limiting resistor 5. Timer circuit TMC, the sentence person is going to seven ^ one μ moving circuit!驱, 卜 (4) Λ / drive circuit 7 drive circuit pericard:: move: ^ component S t 榀ς Pe, 卞 MUW £T, with drain D, source to, ^ pole G. The drain D of the driver power supply F E T !! is directly connected to the pole D of the MOSFET 6 , and the source of the driving power is directly connected to the power of the short circuit. The resistors 12, 13, 14, 15' are connected in series with each other in the short-circuit power] 〇 316100 1278174 between the drain D and the source S of the MOSFET 6. The connection node CN4 of the resistor 12 and the resistor 13 is directly connected to the gate G of the driving MOSFET 11, and the connection node CN6 of the resistor 14 and the resistor 15 is directly connected to the gate G of the short-circuit power MOSFET 6. The first timer circuit 20 includes a photocoupler 21, a resistor 24, a transistor 25, a capacitor 26, a resistor 27, a computer (CPU) 28, and a software timer 29. The photocoupler 21 has an output transistor 22 and a light-emitting element 23, and the output transistor 22 is turned on and off (ON, OFF) by light from the light-emitting element 23. The output transistor 22 has a collector C and an emitter E, the collector C is directly connected to the connection node CN4 of the resistor 12 and the resistor 13, and the emitter E is directly connected to the pole D of the short-circuit power MOSFET 6. The light-emitting element 23 is a light-emitting diode having an anode A and a cathode K. The transistor 25 is an NPN type bipolar transistor having a collector C, an emitter E, and a base B. The computer (CPU) 28 is, for example, a microcomputer connected to a DC power source connected between the output terminals 28a and 28b. Between the output terminals 28a, 28b, a DC supply voltage V c c of, for example, 5 volts is generated. The anode A of the light-emitting diode 23 is directly connected to the output terminal 28a of the computer (CPU) 28 via the resistor 24. The cathode K of the light-emitting diode 23 is directly connected to the collector C of the transistor 25, and the emitter E of the transistor 25 is directly connected to the output terminal 28b of the computer (CPU) 28. The base B' of the transistor 25 is connected to the output terminal 29a of the software timer 209 via a resistor 27. The capacitor 26 is directly connected between the base B and the emitter E of the transistor 25. The computer (CPU) 28 is used for the tension control 11 316100 1278174 applied in the first embodiment, and the device detects the switching elements V3 and V4, and displays the electric power of the 乂4 power output V4. , Λ和忠忠 & ancient soil also has a head does not AC output voltage V3, two positive * formed by the DC output electrical ratio I staff Millennium, ώ 土人石电细 (CPU) 28, is a class value - The parent should not output the voltage output voltage of the parent flow. In addition, "...transfers the straight component SW and adjusts it, and the Shangfu electric @ U)28 ’
笔腦（CPU)28,係内建有 J 器29，係對氺ή + 啕孕人月丑计日守态29。该軟體計時 .^ ，、子末自内建於電腦28的時脈作沪湄Γ k號進行钟盤*益— 了脈彳。谎源CC之時脈 ΤΌ 貝疋计數數Ν的計數哭，以士凡宏扭信 丁Ρ。該保讀期門下Ώ〆 以叹疋保蠖期間 /曰1 ΤΡ係於交流輸入電 始，設定從該交流輪入電壓V1 “:二=:點開 至320(msec)之期n兮从祕 0 L、，、占起的70(mseC) νι ΑΛ ) /月間。该軟體計時器29係盥交产於λ + ^ V1的投入時點同步開护伴鳟期P”p i、乂4入電壓 計數。軟f+R± 保4期間τρ’並開始時脈信號的 双私肢叶時器29係於時脈信 域 的預定計數數Ν &、°十數數到達預先設定 τ数數N之時點，結束保譆 、， ”的計數。該軟體計時器29縣伴料門止時脈 f同步，於計時器輸出 升的結束時彳 器輪出。 座生上升為咼位準的計時 脈仏號源cc細石英振㈣構成，1 … ::由内建於電腦(CPU)2“々 ：央振盟裔 頻率產生撫、、e 亏又1 /瓜电源而以固定 .p X 内建於電腦（CPU)28的5伏t & 係即使對於# 7〕伏特之直流電源 能經常產4 5::U)28的交流電源電屢產生變化，亦為 (咖)28的交、、ώ:電壓之構成’故即使對於電腦 心源電塵產生變化’亦能將來自時脈信號 316100 32 1278174 源cc的時脈信號之振盪頻率實質地保持於一定。再者，， 構成時脈信號源CC的石英振盪器即使周圍溫度產生變· 化，其振盪頻率也不會有實質的變化。因此，利用軟體計 ‘ 時器29而設定的保護期間TP，即使對於電腦（CPU)28的 交流電源電壓產生變化，或周圍溫度產生變化，只要不改 變預定計數數N，即可保持所設定之預定值，而不會有變 化。 當軟體計時器29的計時器輸出端子29a之計時器輸出0 上升時，電晶體25變為導通（ON)，發光元件23產生發光， 而使輸出電晶體22導通（ON)。因該輸出電晶體22的導 通，而使電阻12短路，故驅動用功率MOSFET 11的閘極 G的電壓下降，而使該驅動用功率MOSFET 11變成切斷 (OFF)。藉由該驅動用功率MOSFET 11的切斷，短路用功 率MOSFET 6的閘極電壓上升，使短路用MOSFET 6變為 導通（ON)，而使限流電阻5短路。 第2計時器電路30，係包含硬體計時器3卜電阻35、_ 曾納（zener)二極體36。硬體計時器31，係包含電晶體32、 電阻33與電容器34。電晶體32為NPN型雙載子電晶體， 具有集極C、射極E、基極B。曾納二極體36係具有陽極 ♦ A、陰極K，且於陽極A與陰極K之間產生預定電壓。 . 電晶體32的集極C係直接連接至連接節點CN4，其 射極E係直接連接至連接節點CN2。電容器34，係直接連 接在電晶體3 2的基極B與射極E之間。電晶體3 2的基極 B，係透過電阻3 3而與曾納二極體3 6的陰極K連接。曾 316100 1278174 納二極體36的陽極A直接連接至連接節點CN2，其陰極 · K係透過電阻35直接連接至連接節點CN1，並且直接連 -接至電阻13與電阻14的連接節點CN5。 · 硬體計時器31係與交流輸入電壓VI的投入時點同 步，設定開始的計時器時間TT。該計時器時間TT的終止 時間，係由與電阻33與電容器34相關的時間常數来決定。 根據該時間常數，從交流輸入電壓V1的投入時點起電容 器34的兩端電壓逐漸增大，當該電容器34的兩端電壓超_ 過電晶體32的基極B與射極E間的臨界值電壓時，計時 器時間TT結束，電晶體32變成導通（ON)，使電阻12短 路，驅動用功率MOSFET 11的閘極G的電壓下降，而使 該驅動用功率MOSFET 11變成切斷（OFF)。伴隨該驅動用 功率MOSFET 11之切斷，短路用功率MOSFET 6的閘極G 的電壓上升，而使該短路用功率MOSFET 6變成導通，使 限流電阻5短路。 該計時器時間TT，係設定成較第1計時器電路20的 _ 保護期間TP為長。亦即，設定成TT > TP。例如，保護期 間TP設定在70至320(msec)的範圍内之預定值，所以計 時器時間TT例如設定在330(msec)以上。該計時器時間 . TT於交流輸入電壓V1較大時，或周圍溫度較高時變短，· 但於該計時器時間TT變成最短時，也以能滿足TT > TP 的關係之方式，設定由電阻33與電容器34所決定的時間 常數。由該第2計時器電路30所設定之計時器時間TT， 係於第1計時器電路20的軟體計時器29故障，利用軟體 14 316100 1278174 計時器29戶斤進行的保護不動作時 軟體計時哭9 Q说、隹—认扣2 4 σ又成有效。利用 1 了為29所進仃的保護正當書 期間打的情、、兄，目ττ>ΤΡ 作’而能正常設定保護 曰”月况’因ΤΤ>ΤΡ的關係 設定的保護期間ΤΡ係-直都是 “计…所 率Μ_Τ6變成導通先;^f，而使短路用功 所進行的保護無效化。 使利用硬體計時器31 輪出電路OUT係具有2個輸出電路4 路41係以轉換變壓哭3的-A # ‘出電 討俠艾7土叩J的—次線圈3b作Α φ 路42係以轉換變壓哭 為甩源，翱出電 的輸出電路41、42，俜由_ 作為电源。在該等 係甶一次線圈3b、3吝 電壓V3、V4，且利用#產生父流輪出 夂鈐― 亥寻的父流輪出電壓V3、V4,而浐 各幸則出黾路41、42分別供雷石々A & 而攸 #八別七人 別仏电至各負載。輪出電路41、42 丁、刀別包含二極體43、44及電容哭 二次線圈3b、3c的交流輸出電壓％ 產生在 成直流電壓，再_由電容哭 加以正流而變換 負載。再猎由“"45、46加以平滑化後，供電至 制电路CNT係以產生在轉換變壓器3的 圈·^之交流輸出電壓^作 』电源、'泉 路CNT係透過二極體52 心制甩 的輸出浐早υ^工制1C51連接，該控制10 :出…la係連接至構成開關元件 MOSFET 7之閘極g。 刀年 控制1C 5 1係以預定周湘 齡,πμ… 疋巧期使功率MOSFET 7導通、切 斷（〇N、OFF)，藉由使一々的m η ^ 切 u 〜人線圈3a的電流流通、切斷，而 方；一认線圈3b、3c及控制電源垮 一 原、、泉圈3d產生交流輸出電壓 316100 15 1278174 V3、V4、V5。該交流輸出電壓V3、V4、V5的大小可藉 由調整控制IC使功率MOSFET 7導通、切斷的ON工作 比，而簡單地作調整。 在第1實施形態中，由軟體計時器29所設定的保護期 間TP，即使交流輸入電壓V1在動作中產生變動，只要不 改變預定計數值N即可保持在對應於預定計數值N的預定 值。該保護期間TP例如在70至320(msec)的範圍内，藉 由對應交流輸入電壓V1的額定電壓值，變更預定計數值N 之設定即可加以設定。該保護期間TP係對應藉由限流電 阻5使流入到平滑用電容器4的突波電流衰減到所希望之 值所需的時間，而設定為預定值。於該保護期間TP過長 的情況，有限流電阻5所造成的電力消耗變大，或交流輸 出電壓V3、V4的大小受限於限流電阻5的不利現象；或 是相反地，於保護期間TP過短的情況，會有突波電流增 大而使電路受損的不良狀況。保護期間TP係設定成不會 造成上述不良狀況的適當預定值。 於該保護期間TP之設定係參照交流輸入電壓VI的額 定值、平滑用電容為4的電容值C、限流電阻5的電阻值 R，而設定符合交流輸入電壓VI的額定值、平滑用電容器 4的電容值C、限流電阻5的電阻值R之適切的保護期間 TP。在第1實施形態中，平滑用電容器4與限流電阻5由 於無法更換，且不能調整電容值C及電阻值R，故實際上 是配合交流輸入電壓V1的額定值來適切地設定保護期間 TP 〇 16 316100 1278174 習知之利用硬體計時器來設定保護期間TP的電路，’ 係對應交流輸入電壓V1的額定值的大變化範圍，即使對 -於低額定值的交流輸入電壓V1，也以能充份使突波電流衰 減的方式設定過長的保護期間TP 5所以會有限流電阻5 所造成的耗電不必要地變大，或交流輸出電壓V3、V4的 大小無謂地受限於限流電阻5的不良情況。相對於此，在 第1實施形態中，藉由軟體計時器29適切地設定符合交流 輸入電壓VI的額定值之保護期間TP，其結果可消除習知0 的不良狀況。 在第1實施形態中，平滑用電容器4的電容值C與限 流電阻5的電阻值R無法調整。因此，軟體計時器29所 設定的保護期間TP係對應交流輸入電壓V1的額定值，在 該額定值大的情況，係以縮短保護期間TP的方式，而在 交流輸入電壓VI的額定值小的情況，係以增長保護期間 TP的方式，來調整其設定值。此在對來自時脈信號源CC 的時脈信號進行計數至預定計數數N之軟體計時器29 · 中，係藉由變更該預定計數數N之設定來加以執行。 在第1實施形態中，短路用開關元件6係由功率 MOSFET構成。在以閘流體（thyristor)構成該短路用開關元 件6的情況，於切斷交流輸入電壓V1後1秒以内再投入 -時，因平滑用電容器4無法放電而留下殘留電壓，故在閘 流體持績流通保持電流’因此’於交流輸入電壓V1再投 入時閘流體持續導通(ΌΝ)，使得限流電阻5的短路狀態繼 續存在，而有因流入平滑用電容器4的突波電流造成電路 316100 1278174 又損不良狀況。在第】實施形態中，於短路用開關 6係使用功率M〇SFET，故在切斷交流輸入電| v!之 :狀:短路用開關元件6切斷(⑽W斤以也就沒有上述； 在弟1貫施形態中’第1計時器電路20係使用光耦人 器21。該夹鉍人π 。 又爪Tt祸合 ' σ為21係有效地將驅動電 (CPU)28間加以電性 兵包腦 性絕緣，可防止來自該光輛合器21形成的電The pen and brain (CPU) 28 has a built-in J device 29, which is a pair of 氺ή 啕 啕 啕 丑 丑 29 29 29 29 The software timing . ^ , , and the end of the time from the clock built into the computer 28 for the Shanghai 湄Γ k number for the clock * benefits - the pulse. The source of the lie CC, ΤΌ ΤΌ 疋 疋 Count count Ν 哭 , , , , , , , , , , , , Ρ Ρ Ρ During the period of the reading period, the sighing period is Ώ〆 疋 疋 曰 曰 ΤΡ ΤΡ 于 于 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流 交流0 L,,, 70 (mseC) νι ΑΛ ) / month. The software timer 29 is used to output the λ + ^ V1 when the point is synchronized with the opening period P pi, 乂 4 input voltage count . The soft f+R± period τρ′ and the start of the clock signal of the double private limb time device 29 is the predetermined number of counts in the clock domain Ν &, ° the number of times reaches the preset τ number N , the end of the warranty, "" count. The software timer 29 county with the door stop clock f synchronization, at the end of the timer output rise, the wheel is turned out. Source cc fine quartz vibration (four) constitutes, 1 ... :: built-in computer (CPU) 2 "々: Central vibration alliance frequency generation care,, e loss and 1 / melon power to fix. p X built in computer (CPU) 28's 5 volts & Even for the #7] volt DC power supply can often produce 4 5:: U) 28 AC power is constantly changing, also for (C) 28,, ώ: The composition of the voltage 'so that even if the computer generates a change in the source dust', the oscillation frequency of the clock signal from the source cc of the clock signal 316100 32 1278174 can be substantially kept constant. Further, the crystal oscillator constituting the clock signal source CC does not substantially change its oscillation frequency even if the ambient temperature is changed. Therefore, the protection period TP set by the software meter 'timer 29' can be maintained even if the AC power supply voltage of the computer (CPU) 28 changes or the ambient temperature changes, as long as the predetermined number of counts N is not changed. Predetermined value without change. When the timer output 0 of the timer output terminal 29a of the software timer 29 rises, the transistor 25 is turned "ON", the light-emitting element 23 emits light, and the output transistor 22 is turned "ON". When the output transistor 22 is turned on, the resistor 12 is short-circuited, so that the voltage of the gate G of the driving power MOSFET 11 is lowered, and the driving power MOSFET 11 is turned off (OFF). When the driving power MOSFET 11 is turned off, the gate voltage of the short-circuit power MOSFET 6 rises, and the short-circuit MOSFET 6 is turned "ON", and the current limiting resistor 5 is short-circuited. The second timer circuit 30 includes a hardware timer 3, a resistor 35, and a zener diode 36. The hardware timer 31 includes a transistor 32, a resistor 33, and a capacitor 34. The transistor 32 is an NPN type bipolar transistor having a collector C, an emitter E, and a base B. The Zener diode 36 has an anode ♦ A, a cathode K, and a predetermined voltage is generated between the anode A and the cathode K. The collector C of the transistor 32 is directly connected to the connection node CN4, and the emitter E is directly connected to the connection node CN2. The capacitor 34 is directly connected between the base B and the emitter E of the transistor 32. The base B of the transistor 32 is connected to the cathode K of the Zener diode 36 through the resistor 33. Zeng 316100 1278174 The anode A of the nano-polar body 36 is directly connected to the connection node CN2, and the cathode K-type is directly connected to the connection node CN1 through the resistor 35, and is directly connected to the connection node CN5 of the resistor 13 and the resistor 14. • The hardware timer 31 is synchronized with the input timing of the AC input voltage VI, and the start timer time TT is set. The end time of the timer time TT is determined by the time constant associated with the resistor 33 and the capacitor 34. According to the time constant, the voltage across the capacitor 34 gradually increases from the input point of the AC input voltage V1, and the voltage across the capacitor 34 exceeds the critical value between the base B and the emitter E of the transistor 32. At the time of voltage, the timer time TT is completed, the transistor 32 is turned ON, the resistor 12 is short-circuited, and the voltage of the gate G of the driving power MOSFET 11 is lowered, and the driving power MOSFET 11 is turned off (OFF). . When the driving power MOSFET 11 is turned off, the voltage of the gate G of the short-circuit power MOSFET 6 rises, and the short-circuit power MOSFET 6 is turned on, and the current limiting resistor 5 is short-circuited. The timer time TT is set to be longer than the _ guard period TP of the first timer circuit 20. That is, it is set to TT > TP. For example, the guard period TP is set to a predetermined value in the range of 70 to 320 (msec), so the timer time TT is set, for example, at 330 (msec) or more. The timer time is short when the AC input voltage V1 is large or when the ambient temperature is high. However, when the timer time TT becomes the shortest, the TT is set so as to satisfy the relationship of TT > TP. The time constant determined by resistor 33 and capacitor 34. The timer time TT set by the second timer circuit 30 is in failure of the software timer 29 of the first timer circuit 20, and the software 14 316100 1278174 timer 29 9 Q said, 隹-recognition 2 4 σ is effective. In the case of the protection period during the period of the protection of the 29th, I will be able to set the protection period during the period of the protection of the book, and I will be able to set the protection period. It is all about "the rate of Μ Τ 变成 6 becomes conduction first; ^f, and the protection by short circuit work is invalidated. Using the hardware timer 31, the circuit OUT system has two output circuits, four channels, 41 systems, and the conversion voltage is crying. -A # '出电讨侠艾艾土叩J's secondary coil 3b as φ φ road The 42 series uses the conversion transformer to be the source of power, and the output circuits 41 and 42 of the power supply are powered by _. In these systems, the primary coils 3b, 3吝 voltages V3, V4 are used, and the parent flow-out voltages V3 and V4 of the parent-running---------------------------------------- For the Lei Shi 々 A & and 攸 #八别七人别仏 electric to the load. The output circuits 41, 42 and the diodes include the diodes 43 and 44 and the capacitors crying secondary coils 3b and 3c. The AC output voltage % is generated as a DC voltage, and then the capacitor is cried and positively converted to convert the load. After hunting, the smoothing is performed by ""45, 46, and the power is supplied to the circuit CNT system to generate the AC output voltage of the converter transformer 3, and the power source of the CNT system is transmitted through the body of the diode 52. The output of the system is connected to the 1C51 system, and the control 10 is connected to the gate g of the MOSFET 7 which constitutes the switching element. The knife year control 1C 5 1 is a predetermined period of time, πμ... When the power MOSFET 7 is turned on and off (〇N, OFF), the current of one turn m η ^ cut u to the human coil 3a is circulated and cut, and the coils 3b, 3c and the control power supply are the same. 3, the spring output 3d produces AC output voltage 316100 15 1278174 V3, V4, V5. The size of the AC output voltage V3, V4, V5 can be adjusted by the control IC to turn the power MOSFET 7 on and off. In the first embodiment, even if the AC input voltage V1 fluctuates during the protection period TP set by the software timer 29, it can be maintained at a predetermined count value as long as the predetermined count value N is not changed. a predetermined value of N. The protection period TP is, for example, 70 to 320 ( In the range of msec), the setting of the predetermined count value N can be set by setting the rated voltage value of the AC input voltage V1. The protection period TP corresponds to the current flowing through the smoothing capacitor 4 by the current limiting resistor 5. The time required for the spur current to decay to the desired value is set to a predetermined value. In the case where the TP is too long during the protection period, the power consumption caused by the finite current resistor 5 becomes large, or the AC output voltages V3, V4 The size is limited by the unfavorable phenomenon of the current limiting resistor 5; or conversely, when the protection period TP is too short, there is a problem that the surge current increases and the circuit is damaged. The protection period TP is set to not The appropriate predetermined value for causing the above-mentioned adverse condition. The setting of the protection period TP refers to the rated value of the AC input voltage VI, the capacitance value C of the smoothing capacitor 4, and the resistance value R of the current limiting resistor 5, and is set to conform to the alternating current. The protection period TP of the rated value of the input voltage VI, the capacitance value C of the smoothing capacitor 4, and the resistance value R of the current limiting resistor 5. In the first embodiment, the smoothing capacitor 4 and the current limiting resistor 5 cannot be used. Replacement, and the capacitance value C and the resistance value R cannot be adjusted. Therefore, the protection period is appropriately set in accordance with the rated value of the AC input voltage V1. TP 〇 16 316100 1278174 The hardware timer is used to set the protection period TP. The circuit, ' corresponds to a large variation range of the rated value of the AC input voltage V1, and even if the AC input voltage V1 of the low rated value is used, the protection period TP can be set to be too long to sufficiently attenuate the surge current. 5 Therefore, the power consumption caused by the finite current resistor 5 is unnecessarily large, or the magnitudes of the AC output voltages V3 and V4 are unnecessarily limited by the limitation of the current limiting resistor 5. On the other hand, in the first embodiment, the soft period timer 29 appropriately sets the guard period TP that satisfies the rated value of the AC input voltage VI, and as a result, the problem of the conventional zero can be eliminated. In the first embodiment, the capacitance value C of the smoothing capacitor 4 and the resistance value R of the current limiting resistor 5 cannot be adjusted. Therefore, the protection period TP set by the software timer 29 corresponds to the rated value of the AC input voltage V1, and when the rated value is large, the protection period TP is shortened, and the AC input voltage VI is rated. In the case of a small value, the set value is adjusted by increasing the protection period TP. This is performed by changing the setting of the predetermined number of counts N in the software timer 29 for counting the clock signal from the clock source CC to the predetermined number of counts N. In the first embodiment, the short-circuiting switching element 6 is composed of a power MOSFET. When the short-circuit switching element 6 is configured by a thyristor, when the AC input voltage V1 is turned off and the input is again within 1 second, the smoothing capacitor 4 cannot be discharged and a residual voltage is left, so the thyristor is The performance flow maintains the current 'hence', and the thyristor continues to conduct (ΌΝ) when the AC input voltage V1 is re-inputted, so that the short-circuit state of the current-limiting resistor 5 continues to exist, and the 316100 is caused by the surge current flowing into the smoothing capacitor 4. 1278174 Also damaged the bad condition. In the first embodiment, since the power supply M〇SFET is used for the short-circuiting switch 6, the AC input power | v! is cut: the short-circuiting switching element 6 is turned off ((10) W is not the above; In the first embodiment, the first timer circuit 20 uses the optocoupler 21. The clamp π. The claw Tt coincides with σ is 21, and the drive power (CPU) 28 is electrically connected. The corps is insulated from the brain to prevent electricity from the light clutch 21
又級輪入電路ACI及直流雷跋nri 的雜訊侵入電腦（CPU) 曰 CCAnother-stage wheel-in circuit ACI and DC Thunder nri's noise intrusion computer (CPU) 曰 CC
u ^ ) 而侍以防止因該雜訊引起的I 細（CPU)28及軟體計時器29之誤動作。 " 干议^使如此’萬—軟體計時器29發生故障，第u ^ ) is used to prevent malfunction of the I (CPU) 28 and the software timer 29 caused by the noise. " Do you want to make such a '10,000-software timer 29 failure, the first
電路2〇所設定的保護期間心早=计日W 電路30的硬體計時器 丨月况，罘2計時器 而由該第2計時器電路之計時器時間了丁會動作， 即可解除限流電阻5所做的路用開關元件6導通_， (產業上的利用可能：限流動作。 本發明之開關電源電路 治 （ 電壓，並藉由開關元件開關該直：；：,電壓變換成直流 小的交流輪出電壓者， ^ 土，以產生經調整大 交流輸出電愿之各種電P泛地應用在利用經調整大小的 力之張力控制裝置的電源。例如可應用作為控制web的張 【圖式簡單說明】 第Ϊ圖係顯示本夢日日 之電路圖。 幵關电源電路的第1實施形態 3]6]00 18 1278174 【主要元件符號說明】 1 線路〉慮波益 2 全波整流電路 2a > 2b 交流輸入端子 2c、2d 直流輸出端子 3 轉換變壓器 3a 一次線圈 3b、3c 二次線圈 3d 控制電源線圈 4 平滑用電容器 5 限流電阻 6 短路用開關元件 7 功率開關元件 8 保護電阻 10 驅動電路 11 驅動用開關元件 20 第1計時器電路 21 光麵合器 22 輸出電晶體 23 發光元件 . 24 、 27 、 33、35 電阻 25、32 電晶體 26 、 34 、 45、46 電容器 28 電腦（CPU) 28a、28b 輸出端子 29、31 軟體計時器 29a 計時器輸出端子 30 第2計時器電路 36 曾納二極體 41、42 輸出電路 43 、 44 、 52 二極體 51 控制1C ACI 交流輸入電路 CC 時脈信號源 CNT 控制電路 DCC 直流電路 INV 變換電路 OUT 輸出電路 REC 整流電路 SW 開關元件 TMC 計時器電路 VI 交流輸入電壓 19 316100The protection period set by the circuit 2〇 is early = the hardware timer of the W circuit 30, the timer of the second timer circuit is operated by the timer of the second timer circuit, and the limit is released. The circuit switching element 6 made by the current resistor 5 is turned on _, (industrial utilization may be: current limiting operation. The switching power supply circuit of the present invention is treated (voltage, and the switching element is switched by the straight:;:, the voltage is converted into The DC small AC output voltage, ^ soil, to generate a large AC output power is widely used in the power supply of the tension control device using the resizing force. For example, it can be applied as a control web. [Simple diagram of the diagram] The diagram of the first day shows the circuit diagram of this dream day. The first embodiment of the power supply circuit is 3] 6] 00 18 1278174 [Description of main components] 1 Line > Bobo 2 Full-wave rectification Circuit 2a > 2b AC input terminal 2c, 2d DC output terminal 3 Conversion transformer 3a Primary coil 3b, 3c Secondary coil 3d Control power supply coil 4 Smoothing capacitor 5 Current limiting resistor 6 Short-circuit switching element 7 Switching element 8 protection resistor 10 drive circuit 11 drive switching element 20 first timer circuit 21 light surface combiner 22 output transistor 23 light-emitting element. 24, 27, 33, 35 resistor 25, 32 transistor 26, 34, 45 46 capacitor 28 computer (CPU) 28a, 28b output terminal 29, 31 software timer 29a timer output terminal 30 second timer circuit 36 Zener diode 41, 42 output circuit 43, 44, 52 diode 51 Control 1C ACI AC input circuit CC Clock signal source CNT Control circuit DCC DC circuit INV Conversion circuit OUT Output circuit REC Rectifier circuit SW Switching element TMC Timer circuit VI AC input voltage 19 316100