TWI261441B - Method and apparatus for packet aggregation in a wireless communication network - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and apparatus for aggregation packets in a wireless communication system. The data to be transmitted is selected and packetized and formed into frames for transmission. Rather than send each frame individually, frames are grouped and transmitted with grouping indicia informing the recipients how to acknowledge successful receipt of the transmitted data. ACKs are sent at a predetermined time, or all together, divided by subcarrier in the case of an OFDMA network.

Description

1261441 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains]: The invention relates to wireless transmission, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for transmitting a plurality of data packets in an aggregated form. [Prior Art] The transmission of poor materials has become more and more common, and the methods and needs for data transmission have also increased. In Ben Ming's execution of the sheep... Following the electronic device information. Data transfer refers to the transfer of this information from the device (or component of the device) to another device. = On the computer storage phase _ poetry, decide whether to collect by manual transmission, to generate - report, do two: or 疋 only health information for later reference. The data store produces a more noisy representation, such as audio, video, or via a suitable interface to operate the mechanism. ', the reasons for transmission should be clear. Collected at - or multiple locations can be transferred to another location for safe storage or task execution. Or the information: for personal communication only, such as application email. The human voice; (::!! ί:) can in fact be converted into transmittable material. The necessary and audio systems are processed separately because they are transmitted at frequency 2, requiring 'for the purpose of illustrating the invention, the use of "data transmission"; the transmission of information content of the brother = type, unless special =

Or, can be clearly distinguished from the text. U Reason: Introduction: The popularity of material transportation is facilitated by a variety of interconnection phenomena.盆原口 - "The computing device has been made for Volkswagen #. The type of these devices 1264441 is like a personal computer, a mobile phone, a personal digital device, etc. Therefore, the amount of tribute transmitted is also increasing. Not only the above description (such as E-mail), and users can request such information as wealth graphics or other types of broadcasts ' and send them back in a short time. Especially w〇rid黯 (4) makes it possible to transfer a large amount of information. Finally, it can be expected The communication, network and system will support a large amount of information transmission. These large $ data: delivery channels and related methods and communication protocols will provide fast and reliable data transmission. Lines and conductive materials such as copper. Data transfer can be transmitted to and from the computing device via dedicated lines and a series of ==:14 devices. It can be linked via a network such as the Shared Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), or It is the most Internet, if you need it, you can use the mosquito communication circuit. You can use the machine (4) to establish the special connection circuit to connect the existing road. It is expected that the material will be transferred from a number of semi-permanent existing elections = the designated office building; the use of regional network (lan)-u bedding must be converted into an appropriate type for transmission and庑=Identify some encoding type to transfer to the required ^:=! to achieve this one. In some links, the data is: The package needs to be: The address is called: the package, and each packet is transmitted separately. The coffee is not the only one, so it can be most effective. Each packet must contain identification information, so the packet can be / with the appropriate example of the component = 1261441 1 to 4, and the access point 5 junction and the access point communication is referred to as the downlink link. It is necessary to understand Figure 1 access point 5 A network that is fixed to and taken from a point. The access point of this inter-location location, the WLAN 1 图 of Figure 1 contains 4 stations 1 I; for each station to access the channel base via - or multiple radio links to - or multiple stations and other The direction of the transmission is the uplink link. The V-Evil, considering the cell network described above, the switch-large network may be included in other applications as if it were used in a university. Also use wireless communication for the network connection station (Vs: transfer station i and (the number can be changed) * when the basic service 2 ^) ' and contains 5 access points, as the underlying structure bss (if S. multiple IF_BSS Can be linked to each other to form an extended service, and (ESS) (not shown). The network even has the ability to fish and access the access point to another access point, handover, and communication. Therefore, the user representative can be re-addressed with a small amount of interruption or interruption during the communication session. Except for other IF-Bss, the transmission station of the machine can access the larger central computer and access A wider network, such as the Internet. Of course, the WLAN in Figure 1 is just an example, and other network forms can be used. Some can be built on a temporary network (adh〇c). Networking and establishing communication switching between multiple nodes (with no fixed access points or pre-existing access points). These transmitting stations are called independent BSS (IBSS). Another type is for the grid ( Mesh) network in which multiple communication stations can be allowed in a route Two or more stations are designated via an intermediary 1261441 subcarrier. In another aspect, the invention includes an access point for use in a WLAN, the access point including a packet selector to select a data packet, and a group of flag generators to generate a packet of aggregated selection As a message to transmit a frame, a frame combiner combines a frame containing a selected packet and a group tag. The group flag may include a notification command to inform the receiver how to notify the corresponding message that the corresponding packet is received. In an embodiment, the access point further includes a notification command generator. In another aspect, the invention includes a mobile station for use in a WLAN, including a group flag detector to detect when a received transmission frame contains aggregated data, A data retrieval mechanism for extracting the data from the frame, which is the information required by the mobile station, and a notification message generator for generating a notification message according to the notification command, if necessary, included in the transmission frame. In another aspect, the invention includes a standalone BSS (IBSS) mobile station for use with no fixed or special (ad hoc) access points, The method includes a packet selector for selecting a data packet, a group label generator for generating information, and the information is related to aggregating the selected packet into a transmission frame, and a transmission frame combiner is used for combining the selection options. a packet and a group-marked transmission frame, and a group of indicator detectors for detecting when the received transmission frame includes aggregated data, and a data retrieval mechanism for extracting information required by the mobile station from a frame, and The notification message generator is configured to generate a notification message according to the needs of the system or the notification instruction, and may be included in the transmission frame if necessary. The features of the present invention and its advantages can be further understood by the following description. Please refer to the attached drawings. [Embodiment] 10 1261441 The present invention relates to a method and a related device for aggregating data packets into a plurality of packet frames for transmission. Efficiency and reliability have been increased in the use of the analog wireless local area network (WLAN) of the present invention. The results of these simulations are provided in the appendix, but the scope of the patent application is not limited to these specific results unless otherwise stated. In general, the present invention is configured in a medium access control (MAC) logic layer, a MAC layer, and a physical layer interface. These projects are called the logical layer architecture of the ISO-OSI model (Figure 2). This model has a number of different variations, but it must be understood that the present description can still be applied to other similar structures, such as the architecture of a representative method illustrated in Figure 2 for data transfer in WLAN. It is necessary to know that any two communication devices each have a transmitter and receiver. In this example, methods having the same layer group structure can be used for both. In short, in the traditional ISO/ISI (International Standards Organization/Open Systems Interconnection) model 220, the application layer 22 7 provides network services to end users and interfaces with user applications. The presentation layer 2 2 6 converts the logical representation of the data into a standard version and vice versa. The dialogue layer 2 2 5 manages communication between the communication device and the communication network. The transport layer 2 2 4 segments the data into segments for transmission and reassembles the received data strings. The network 2 2 3 handles the routing of data. The data link layer 2 2 2 segments the data into the package to transfer the data. The substantive layer 2 2 1 defines the transmission channel of the action.

The LAN/OSI model 2000 of Fig. 2 proposes a model that is fast with the 〇SI model 2 2〇, which is incorporated into the upper three layers 225-227 of the ISO/OSI model 2 2 0 of the application layer 206. The LAN/OSI model 2 2 0 also shows that the SI 1261441 wireless station transmits data for a given period of time. Of course, different time periods are specified for different wireless stations, which are performed according to a predetermined designation process. On the other hand, a method of avoiding interference is also used when the content is an offset system or a content access period of a user's system. In general, when the channel being used is sensed, no wireless station transmits the message, and thereafter waits for a while before transmitting itself. Figure 5 explains this point in detail. The time flow diagram 4 of Figure 5 shows a representative content channel data transfer problem 500 in accordance with the prior art. Question 500 shows a WLAN station with transmission. The (time) block 5 1 0 indicates that the media is busy, that is, some other stations are transmitting messages. Thereafter, the other stations stop transmitting, and one of the data to be transmitted waits for a predetermined period of time, called the distribution interface space (DIFS) time 520. At a certain point 5 5 5 after DIFS 520, the station tried to transmit the data. (Normally, the table diagram 5 2 5 occurs after DIFS 520, but it does not have to be the case). When two or more attempts to transmit on the same content channel at roughly the same time, a "collision" occurs and no transmission is successful. When a transmitting station senses a collision event, it has waited for a random return period while performing the next transmission. It is important to understand that if all of the transmitting stations that had collided with the previous transmission selected a random delay before another intent occurred, then the most likely corresponding random return must be sufficient to avoid the next control. Even if there is no collision, if it is detected that the empty intermediaries are busy, one of the stations ready to transmit basically has to wait for a random return period. At this point, it is assumed that no control is detected when transmitting or intent to retransmit 5 3 5 15 1261441 After a predetermined period of time has elapsed, the second station will transmit a notification message (ACk2). In an embodiment, in this case, STA2 will include a notification message ACK2, and when no ACK^f is received, it will finally transmit its own notification message. The time flow diagram of Figure 16 shows a polymeric data transfer sequence 1 600 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. It is necessary to understand that in this embodiment, S τA returns an aggregated ACK if the required data has been correctly received if necessary. For example, the data may be in the form of a MAC protocol data unit or a mac management protocol data unit (MPDU/MMPUD). If more than one unit is transmitted to a single receiving STA, only one ACK is needed (while other STAs can adjust their own STA timing). Preferably, the time interval value of the aggregation frame control block points to the entire frame exchange sequence, as shown in Figure 6. The time interval value of each individual aggregated ACK may point to the end point of the entire frame exchange sequence, and the last aggregated ACK time interval value is set to 〇. When multiple receivers are referenced, the transmission will be at least as slow as the slowest one. In an embodiment, at least a portion of the receiver may be based on a valley of the desired receiver, and the packet may be included in the internal transmission frame as needed, so that the wireless station that communicates with the high-speed transmission is not used at the low speed. Because of the selected package group. As described above, the method of the present invention can be used in a wireless communication system to which a content access method is applied (or in a wireless communication system using a content access period). However, it can also be used in methods without content, such as 1EEE 802.U PCF (virtual coordinate function) and HCCA (HCF (Hybrid Coordinate Function) controlled channel access _ 正 £] £ 802 11). When this communication system can use 22 1261441, the arriving signal can be expressed as

Rn = r(n Ts-T〇FFSET) Ts=kTSYS

T OFFSET

Ts

YS (4) where k is the oversampling factor of the system clock TSYS. In one embodiment, TSYS operates at the 60 Hz 'architecture-oversampling factor k=3, because of the bribe _ at a sampling rate of 2 〇 MHz. Select t0FFSET to make the actual delay (random variable) produce an error C, the maximum Τ°_τ is W2. The simulation results show that the mutual carrier interference (ια) generated by the =:: timing quantization can be ignored. The relative delay between arrival packets can be defined by the following formula:

-WJ (5), where C is the speed of light and ts is where R is the radius of support for DSS measurements (see Equation 4). The whole received signal rn is: r^h®Xn+Di (6) Corresponding channel pulse wave_(P1*eflX), various types of transmission signals and net 杳. The y, +, but the gyroscopic value of the formula 6 (C〇nv〇Iuti〇n) is a characteristic of the circulatory person who knows the frequency domain and the Fourier transform of the method and the phase of the Fourier transform 26 614041. Based on the Fourier transform, each delay results in a phase offset in the frequency domain. This phase offset must be estimated in the frequency domain. In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the long training symbols are modified for this purpose, and the long training symbols are designed to excite the 22 subcarriers of the IFFT/FFT, as shown in FIG. Each station transmits a portion of the long training symbol that excites the subcarrier cluster designed by the OFDMA method. In this way, the phases associated with each delay are estimated for the subcarriers in need. The general approach is to perform cluster detection of the application channel estimate. The designation of the secondary carriers of IEEE 802.11a and IEEE 802.11g is provided below. Table 1: Sub-glass assignment for data, and 64 Pts IFFT pilot tone (TONES) 1ACK 2ACKS 3ACKS 4ACKS 5ACKS 6ACKS USER#1 [7:32 34:591 17:321 "7:321 "7:191 " 7:151 "7:151 USER#2 N/A [34:59] [24:32 34:421 [20:32] [16:24] [16:24] USER#3 N/AN/A [43 :591 [34:461 [25:321 "25:321 USER#4 N/AN/AN/A "47:591 "34:421 [34:421 USER#5 N/AN/AN/AN/A "43 :511 "43:511 USER#6 N/AN/AN/AN/A No use [52:59] Must be given because it is only necessary to decide whether the data has been transmitted, that is enough to test the subcarrier cluster for whitening or different words. Applying the delay in the correlation of the signal structure in the frequency domain allows the essential architecture of the long training symbols to simplify the procedure. In another embodiment, a simple whitening test can be performed on the cluster of subcarriers because One does not need to correctly detect whether the packet transmits an ACK message. In this embodiment, channel detection performed in the frequency domain uses the equalization operation of a single tag on each carrier. The invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments However, the present technology are required to understand the cooked may be without departing from the spirit and aspect of the present invention to be altered and the above-described changes. [281,261,441] Brief Description of the drawings a simplified block diagram of FIG. 1, is the concept of FIG. 'Illustrate representative network Nie

The components of the selection of the mobile station in which the embodiment operates. Here & Method Here, the network 3 configures the mechanism and method of the present invention. Figure 2 shows a simplification block diagram for illustrating a y layer for use in a simplified smear diagram of Figure 3, showing the WLAN access point selection component operating in accordance with the packet aggregation embodiment of the present invention. The simplified block diagram of Figure 4A shows a selection component of a WLAN access point operating in accordance with another embodiment of the packet aggregation method of the present invention. The time-flow diagram in Figure 5 illustrates the loop within the f& technology. The time flow diagram of Figure 6 shows a representative content channel data transfer sequence in accordance with the prior art. The block diagram of Figure 7 illustrates the basic frame format (ieee 802.11a) in accordance with the prior art. The time flow diagram of Figure 9 illustrates a data transfer sequence in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 is a block diagram showing the frame format in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The block diagram of Figure 10 shows the prior art structure typically used for wireless data transfer. The signal flow diagram of Figure 11 illustrates the structure of the delay and correction algorithm. 1261441 Figure 12 illustrates the delay of Figure η and corrects the response of the packet detection algorithm. Figure 13 illustrates a separate gossip test. Figure 14 is based on the joint ACK detection.

Sexual OFDMA Training Figure 15 shows a representative flow chart for a separate channel estimate = 16, a time-flow diagram illustrating an aggregated data transfer sequence in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 17 illustrates a basic MAC frame format. Figure 18 illustrates the format of an aggregated frame in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 19 illustrates the contents of the aggregated frame control block. Figure 2 is a table showing the values of the subtypes in accordance with the present invention. The table of Figure 21 illustrates the values used to encode the time length / I D block in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The table of Figure 22 illustrates the values for the contents of the block in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The time block diagram of Figure 23 illustrates an aggregate frame exchange with a converged OFDMA ACK in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 24 illustrates the format of the ofdmA ACK frame 2400 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 25 is a table showing the subcarrier allocation for aggregating OFDMA ACK messages in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 20〇OSI model 202 MAC (secondary) layer 30 1261441 203 LLC (secondary) layer 220 ISO-OSI model 201, 221 substantive layer 222 data link layer 223 network 224 transport layer 225 dialog layer 226 presentation layer 227 Application Layer 300 Mobile Station 310 Transmission Circuit 320 Receive Circuit 325 Controller 330 Memory Device 340 Indicator Detector 345 Data Extraction Device 350 Notification Message Generation 400 Access Point 419 Transmission Circuit 415 Antenna 420 Receive Circuit 425 Controller 435 Network Road Interface 470 Data Frame Combiner 475 Command Generator 480 Detector 500 Problem 510 Time Block 520 DIFS 525 Segment Point 535 Intent to Retransmit 540 Data Transfer 550 SIFS 560 Inform Message (ACK) 600 Transfer Sequence 610 Transfer 635 First Notice Message 640 Second Data Transfer 660 Block 665 SIFS 710 Previous 720 Header 722 Bad Bit 724 Parity Intent 730 Data 璋 Included Field 816 Return Interval 820 31 Group Transmission Frame 1261441 830 ACKi 840 ACK2 900 Frame Format 923 Length Bar Bit 93 1 Service Field 937 Aggregation Frame (AF) Header 32

Claims (1)

1261441 X. Patent application scope · L An improved method for transmitting data packets is based on the channel access protocol ^ wireless communication _ towel packetization (4) (4), the column steps: $ A transfer station, the data to be transmitted is formed a packet; selecting a group of packets from the plurality of packets for aggregation transmission; generating a group identifier associated with the selected packet group in the transmission buffer; transmitting the frame with at least one of _, 'and σ to include the selected packet The group and group standard materials contain two:: the method of the first item of the profit track', which is to be transmitted, the media access control of the block (mac and + contain the step of setting the MAC layer header block. The method of the first item, wherein the to-be-transmitted: 贞8 has a real f-layer header of the interception, and further includes a step of setting the header of the Peibei layer. Step 2 of the mussel transmission frame The method of item i includes the step of transmitting the transmission frame in the receiving station according to the scope of the patent application. The inclusion of the transmission frame is included in the following. 33 1261441 less steps 6 as in the method of claim 5, the receiving method in the receiving station Detection and reception Whether the transmission frame contains a group: 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method further comprises the steps of decoding the received transmission frame, and the step of addressing to at least the output. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method of claim 7 includes: the step of discarding the data of the at least the receiving station. 9. If the patent application is in the sixth item The method further includes: a step of generating an notification message (ACK) in the receiving station. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the method further comprises: determining, before generating the ACK, a step of determining whether the group flag includes an ack instruction. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein if there is an ACk instruction, the step of generating an ACK message is performed according to the instruction. 12. If the method of claim 2 is applied, the instruction package 34 1261441 is included. Information relating to ACK transmission timing. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the information related to the ACK timing is obtained from the order in which the data packet is grouped into the transmission frame. The method of claim n, wherein the wireless communication system is operated according to an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) protocol, and wherein the ACK instruction includes an ACK secondary carrier group setting, wherein the ACK secondary carrier group is A cluster comprising a subset of subcarriers for data transmission in accordance with the OFDM protocol. 15. The method of claim </ RTI> wherein the method further comprises: receiving at least one ACK message from a receiving station Step 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one ACK message is a plurality of ack messages. J_ is the method of claim b, wherein each of the plurality of ACK messages occupies a _only ACK subcarrier group. The method of claim 18. The method of claiming the scope of the patent, wherein the method further comprises: causing the delay and the correlation algorithm to be used in the measurement of each of the plurality of A] 12 35 1261441 two wireless stations are a plurality of wireless stations 25. The device of claim 24, wherein the radio frame comprises a packet of a plurality of wireless stations addressed to the plurality of wireless stations.