經濟部智慧財產局員工消费合作社印製 A7 B7 年月 —補充i 五、發明說明（丨1/· ) 圖式主要元件符號說明 1 主要熱交換器 ' 3 溫端 5 冷端 7 中間點 10 殼側 13 第一管側 15 第二管側 16 第三管側 20 供應導管 23 導管 25 導管 30 冷凍壓縮機 31 冷凍壓縮機 32 導管 35 燃氣輪機 36 輔助馬達 37 燃氣輪機 • 38 導管 40 空氣冷卻機 * 41 熱交換器 42 空氣冷卻器 43 熱交換器 45 分離容器 18 I:----_-----Λ-裝------^ It 丨— l· V I I f t (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) . 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） A7 B7 經濟部智雜財產局貝X消费合作社印製 五、發明說明（ί ) 本發明是關於一镡.液匕氣態富含甲烷原料以獲得經液 化產物的方法。該經液化產物一般稱爲液化天然氣。該液 化方法包括的步驟有： (a) 在提升壓力下，供應富含氣態富含甲烷之原料至一 主要熱交換器之第一管側邊的溫端上’冷卻、液化並局部 冷卻氣態富含甲烷原料以抗冷凍劑蒸發’從主要熱交換器 之冷端移除經液化流並且使經液化流通過以儲g.作爲經液 化產物； (b) 在主要熱交換器之殻側邊的溫端上，移途-已蓋發.渔 凍劑； (c) 在至少一冷凍壓縮機中’壓篮已蒸盈途凍劑至高壓 冷凍劑； (d) 部份地冷凝高壓冷凍劑’並且將經部份冷凝冷凍劑 分離成一液態重質冷凍劑餾份和一氣態輕質冷凍劑餾份； (e) 在主要熱交換器的第.二置側邊上’鼠部.冷观重崖·冷 凍劑餾份，以得到一經局部冷卻之重質冷凍劑流’在經降 低壓力下，將重質冷凍劑流引入主要熱交換器之薄殼邊的 中間點上，並且使得該重質冷凍劑流在薄側邊中蒸發；以 及 (f) 在主要熱交換器的第三管側邊上，冷卻、液化及局 部冷卻至少一部分輕質冷凍劑餾份，以得到一經局部冷卻 之輕質冷凍劑流，在降低壓力下，將輕質冷凍劑流引入主 要熱交換器之殼側邊的冷端上，並且使得該輕質冷凍劑流 在殻側邊中蒸發。 5 -------------•裝 i I tflh 寫本頁) . Γ 線· 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱〉 五、發明說明（[Ο A7 B7Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 month—Supplement i V. Description of the invention (丨 1 / ·) Symbol description of the main elements of the drawing 1 Main heat exchanger '3 Warm end 5 Cold end 7 Intermediate point 10 Shell Side 13 First tube side 15 Second tube side 16 Third tube side 20 Supply duct 23 Duct 25 Duct 30 Refrigeration compressor 31 Refrigerator compressor 32 Duct 35 Gas turbine 36 Auxiliary motor 37 Gas turbine • 38 Duct 40 Air cooler * 41 Heat Exchanger 42 Air cooler 43 Heat exchanger 45 Separation container 18 I: ----_----- Λ-pack ------ ^ It 丨 — l · VII ft (Please read the note on the back first Please fill in this page again for the matters). This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) A7 B7 Printed by the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and printed by X Consumer Cooperatives V. Description of the invention (ί) This invention is Regarding a method of hydrating a liquid gaseous methane-rich feedstock to obtain a liquefied product. This liquefied product is commonly referred to as liquefied natural gas. The liquefaction method includes the following steps: (a) Supplying a gaseous methane-rich raw material to the warm end of the side of the first tube of a main heat exchanger under a raised pressure to cool, liquefy, and locally cool the gaseous rich The methane-containing feedstock is anti-refrigerant evaporated 'to remove the liquefied stream from the cold end of the main heat exchanger and pass the liquefied stream to store g. As the liquefied product; (b) the side of the shell of the main heat exchanger On the warm side, the way-capped hair.Frozen refrigerant; (c) 'The basket has been evaporated to high-pressure refrigerant in at least one refrigeration compressor; (d) Partially condensed high-pressure refrigerant' And the partially condensed refrigerant is separated into a liquid heavy refrigerant fraction and a gaseous light refrigerant fraction; (e) on the second side of the main heat exchanger, 'rat part.' • Refrigerant fractions to obtain a locally cooled heavy refrigerant stream '. Under reduced pressure, the heavy refrigerant stream is introduced to the middle point of the shell edge of the main heat exchanger, and the heavy The refrigerant stream evaporates in the thin sides; and (f) in the main heat exchanger On the sides of the three tubes, at least a portion of the light refrigerant fraction is cooled, liquefied, and locally cooled to obtain a locally cooled light refrigerant flow, and the light refrigerant flow is introduced into the main heat exchanger under reduced pressure. The cold side of the shell side is on and the light refrigerant stream is allowed to evaporate in the shell side. 5 ------------- • Install i I tflh to write this page). Γ Line · This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 public love) V. Description of the invention ([Ο A7 B7
經濟部智慧財產局員工消费合作社印製 46 輸入裝置 47 導管 48 Aj£r 導営 50 導管 51 膨脹閥 52 導管 53 噴嘴 55 導管 57 導管 58 膨脹閥 59 導管 60 61 導管 63 熱交換器 64 導管 65 膨脹閥 70 閃蒸器 71 膨脹閥 72 輸入裝置 75 導管 77 終端暫存壓縮機 78 馬達 79 導管 80 導管 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀嘴面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Λ，裝 i 1 ϋ MmMW e_ai. —訂· I — --- -k. A7 B7____ 五、發明說明（> ) 澳洲專利AU-B-75 223/87揭示一控制液化製程的方法 。已知控制方法具有對於三種情況的不同策略，（1)在經液 化產物之生產低於所欲之速率時，應由考慮主要熱交換器 之冷端溫度差以調整冷凍劑的組成來增加；（2)在生產高於 所欲速率時，應由降低冷凍壓縮機之吸入壓力來減少；以 及(3)在生產率爲所欲之速率時，.應由維持冷凍劑存量於預 定範圍的最佳化整體設備的效率。在情況(1)和(2)中，冷凍 劑存量和組成以及冷凍劑壓縮比率應該針對整體效率作最 佳化。 當生產是在所欲的速率時，最佳化是由確認冷凍劑存 量開始。然後，隨後調整下述冷凍劑相關的變數：重質冷 凍劑餾份和輕質冷凍劑餾份之質量流率比値，該冷凍劑的 氮氣含量以及c3 : c2比率，以達到尖峰效益。然後調整冷 凍壓縮機的壓縮比率以達到尖峰效益。最後最佳步驟是調 整冷凍壓縮機的速度。 當其它臨界參數，例如主要熱交換器之冷端或溫端的 溫度差將下降至低於或超過預定値或範圍，該範圍已設定 警報，並且自動控制方法失效。 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消费合作社印製 --------------裝--- (見先閱讀背面之注意事項寫本頁) •線Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives 46 Input device 47 Duct 48 Duct 50 Duct 50 Duct 51 Expansion valve 52 Duct 53 Nozzle 55 Duct 57 Duct 58 Dump valve 59 Duct 60 61 Duct 63 Heat exchanger 64 Duct 65 Expansion Valve 70 Flasher 71 Expansion valve 72 Input device 75 Duct 77 Terminal temporary storage compressor 78 Motor 79 Duct 80 Duct This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the Please fill in this page again) Λ, install i 1 ϋ MmMW e_ai. —Order · I — --- -k. A7 B7____ 5. Description of the invention (>) Australian patent AU-B-75 223/87 reveals a control Method of liquefaction process. Known control methods have different strategies for three cases. (1) When the production of liquefied products is below the desired rate, it should be increased by considering the cold end temperature difference of the main heat exchanger to adjust the composition of the refrigerant; (2) When the production rate is higher than the desired rate, it should be reduced by reducing the suction pressure of the refrigeration compressor; and (3) When the production rate is the desired rate, it should be optimized by maintaining the refrigerant inventory within the predetermined range. The overall equipment efficiency. In cases (1) and (2), the refrigerant inventory and composition and the refrigerant compression ratio should be optimized for overall efficiency. When production is at the desired rate, optimization begins by confirming the refrigerant inventory. Then, the following refrigerant-related variables were subsequently adjusted: the mass flow rate ratio of the heavy refrigerant fraction and the light refrigerant fraction, the nitrogen content of the refrigerant, and the c3: c2 ratio to achieve peak efficiency. Then adjust the compression ratio of the refrigeration compressor to achieve peak efficiency. The final best step is to adjust the speed of the refrigeration compressor. When other critical parameters, such as the temperature difference between the cold or warm end of the main heat exchanger, will fall below or exceed a predetermined threshold or range, the range has set an alarm, and the automatic control method fails. Printed by Shelley Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -------------- Package --- (see the note on the back to read this first page)
J 爲了使生產最佳化，已知控制方法之缺點爲需要連續 地調整冷凍劑的組成。進一步的缺點爲，最佳化是由後續 來進行，而該自動控制方法無法處理其中狀況，例如在熱 交換器溫簋度羞鑑出预寇範菌時。 爲了兒服上述缺點，根據本發明之液化一氣態富含甲 烷之原料以獲得一經液化產物的方法，其特徵爲該方法進 6 ^紙張尺度適用中國標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱Γ" " ' 五、發明說明（)J To optimize production, the disadvantage of known control methods is the need to continuously adjust the composition of the refrigerant. A further disadvantage is that the optimization is performed afterwards, and the automatic control method cannot handle the conditions, such as when the pre-eating bacteria are detected by the temperature of the heat exchanger. In order to overcome the above disadvantages, the method for liquefying a gaseous methane-rich raw material to obtain a liquefied product according to the present invention is characterized in that the method is adapted to a Chinese standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297). Γ " " 'V. Description of the invention ()
經濟部智慧財產局員工消费合作社印製 81 流動控制閥 82 液面控制器 90 供應導管 93 熱交換器 94 輸入裝置 95 洗滌塔 97 導管 100 熱交換器 102 上方分離器 103 輸入裝置 104 導管 105 導管 106 噴嘴 108 流動控制閥 109 液面控制器 111 導管 112 流動控制閥 113 導管 114 流動控制閥 115 導管 118 熱交換器 119 導管 120 導管 122 導管 (請先閱讀嘴面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 20 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） A7 B7 五、發明說明（巧） 一步包括控制液化方法，其使用一先進製程控制器在嘗控 制至少一組控制變數時爲了最佳化至少一組參數而在基於 模擬預測控制以同時決定一組經操作變數之控制動作，-其 中該組經操作變數包括重質冷凍劑餾份之質量流率、輕質 冷凍劑餾份之質量流率，及富含甲院之原料的質量流率， 其中該組控制變數包括在主要熱交換器之溫端的溫度差以 及主要熱交換器之中間點的溫度差，且其中欲最佳化之該 組參數包括經液化產物的生產量。 在說明中和在申請專利範圍中，所.使丑ϋ鼠鱼:最lift 變數”是指使最大變數或最小變數，以及維持該變數在預定 値。 模型預观控麗或是基於頊測控Μ的摸麗暴一已知的技 術，例如參見Perry’s化學工程師手冊、第7版、第8-25 至8-27頁。模型預測控制的關鍵特徵是使用模擬以及可獲 得控制變數之量測値來預測未來製程行爲。計算控制器輸 出値以使性能指數最佳化，其爲預測誤差値及經計算未來 控制移動之線性或二次函數。在每次取樣實例中，重覆学 制計算及基於現今量測値來更新預測値。一合適的模擬爲 包括一組實驗階段回應模擬，其表示在控制變數上之操作 變數的階段回應。 欲最佳化之參數的最佳値，可從一個別最佳化步驟來 獲得，或者欲最佳化之變數可以包括在性能函數中。 在模型預測控制使用之前’首要決定操作變數之階段 改變對欲最佳化之變數及控制變數的影響。此產生一組步 7 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公t) Γ 經濟部智慧財產局員X消费合作社印製 .1 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項寫本頁) 唁. .矣.Printed by the Employees ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 81 Flow control valve 82 Level controller 90 Supply conduit 93 Heat exchanger 94 Input device 95 Washing tower 97 Conduit 100 Heat exchanger 102 Upper separator 103 Input device 104 Conduit 105 Conduit 106 Nozzle 108 Flow control valve 109 Level controller 111 Conduit 112 Flow control valve 113 Conduit 114 Flow control valve 115 Conduit 118 Heat exchanger 119 Conduit 120 Conduit 122 Conduit (Please read the precautions on your mouth before filling this page) 20 copies Paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (Clever) One step includes controlling the liquefaction method, which uses an advanced process controller to control at least one set of control variables in order to Optimize at least one set of parameters and simultaneously determine a set of control actions based on simulated predictive control, where the set of operation variables include mass flow rate of heavy refrigerant fractions, light refrigerant fractions Mass flow rate, and mass flow rate of raw materials rich in A hospital The number includes the temperature difference at the temperature end of the main heat exchanger and the temperature difference at the intermediate point of the main heat exchanger, and the set of parameters to be optimized includes the amount of liquefied product produced. In the description and in the scope of the patent application, "Ugly Molefish: the most lift variable" refers to the maximum variable or the minimum variable, and to maintain the variable at a predetermined level. The model is previewed or controlled based on the measurement and control. Molly is a known technique, see, for example, Perry's Chemical Engineer's Handbook, 7th Edition, pages 8-25 to 8-27. The key feature of model predictive control is the use of simulations and measurements of available control variables to predict Future process behavior. Calculate the controller output to optimize the performance index, which is a linear or quadratic function of the prediction error and calculated future control movements. In each sample instance, repeat the school system calculation and based on the current amount Tests to update predictions. A suitable simulation is a set of experimental phase response simulations that represents the phase response of the operating variables on the control variables. The optimal parameter for the parameter to be optimized can be optimized from a different one. The optimization step can be obtained, or the variables to be optimized can be included in the performance function. Before the model predictive control is used, the first stage of determining the operating variables is to change the optimal The effect of changes in the control variables and control variables. This results in a set of steps. 7 The paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 g). Γ Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs X Consumer Cooperative. 1 (please first (Read the notes on the back and write this page) 唁 ... 矣.
經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 Μ 工 消 费 合 作 社 印 製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（丨q ) 123 流動控制閥 124 液面控制器 125 導管 126 流動控制閥 127 丙烷壓縮機 128 燃氣輪機 130 空氣冷卻機 135 導管 136 導管 137 膨脹閥 138 膨脹閥 140 導管 141 導管 145 導管 146 導管 148 膨脹閥 150 導管 151 導管 152 膨脹閥 153 導管 21 先- 閱 讀 脅 面， 項入 填二 寫裝 頁I .訂 • I I I I 瞧 I I A - ' 本紙張尺度適用t國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） B7 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消费合作社印製 五、發明說明（) 階回應係數。該組階段回應係數形成了液化方法之模擬預 測控制的基礎。 在正常操作期間，控制變數之預測値係以規則地一些 未來控制移動計算之。對於該等未來控制移動來計算一性 能指數。該性能指數包括二個項目，第一項目表示對於每 次控制移動之預測誤差値的整個未來控制移動之總和，而 第二項目表示對每次控制移動之操作變數中之改變的未來 控制移動的總和。對於每次控制變數，預測誤差値爲控制 變數之預測値和控制變數之參考値的差値。該預測誤差値 乘以一加權係數，並且對於一控制移動之操作變數中的改 變是乘以一移動壓制係數。在此所討論的性能指數是爲線 性。 另外，在性能指數爲二次式之例中，該項目可爲平方 項目的總和。 再者，可設定在操作變數、操作變數上之改變，及經 控制變數的抑制(constraints)。此會產生一組個別的方程式 ，其同時與性能指數之最小値解出。 、曼佳化可以用二種方式來進行；一種方式是以個別地 最佳化’超越性能指數的最小値，而第二種方式是在性能 指數內最佳化。 當個別地進行最佳化時，對於每次控制移動，欲最佳 化參數係如控制變數包括在預測誤差値中，且最佳化對於 控制變數給予一參考値》 另外’在性能指數的計算中進行最佳化，並且產生具 8 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項^r寫本頁) 裝 -1T· •線. 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公* ) A7 , ___ B7__ 五、發明說明（Γ) 有適當加權係數之性能指數的第三項。在這個例子中，經 控制變數的參考値爲維持常數之預定的穩定狀態。 考慮該抑制而將性能指數最小化，以產生對於未來控 制移動之經操作變數的數値。然而，只有執行下一個控制 移動。然後再次開始對未來控制移動之性能指數的計算。 具有階段回應係數的模擬及在模擬預測控制中所需之 方程式爲電腦程式的一部分，其爲了控制液化方法而執行 。載有此類可處理模擬預測控制之程式的電腦程式稱爲先 進製程控制器。因爲該電腦程式爲商業可得的，我們將不 詳細地討論該程式。本發明方法更加指向爲選擇變數。 本發明現在將以所附圖式與實施例的方式來說明，其 中： 圖1槪要顯示液化天然氣之裝置的流程圖；及 圖2槪要顯示丙烷冷卻循環。 現在參考圖1。液化天然氣之裝置包括一主要熱交換 器1，其具有一溫端3、一冷端5和一中間點7。主要熱交 換器1的壁定義一殼側10。在該殻側10中放置一從溫端3 延伸到冷端5的第一管側13，一從溫端3延伸到中間點7 的第二管側15，以及一從溫端3延伸到冷端5的第三管側 16:。 在正常操作期間，在提升壓力下，供應一氣態富含甲 ，烷之原料經過供應導管20至主要熱交換器之溫端3上的第 一管側13。通過第一管側13之原料係冷卻、液化及局部 冷卻以抗冷凍劑在殻側10中蒸發。所得經液化流從主要熱 9 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） A7 B7 五、發明說明（L) 交換器之冷端5經由導管23移除。使經液化流通過以儲存 ，在該處經液化流儲存作爲經液化產物。 經蒸發冷凍劑從主要熱交換器之溫端3上的殼側10邊 經過導管25移除。在冷凍壓縮機30和31中，壓縮經蒸發 的冷凍劑以得到經由導管32移除的高壓冷凍劑° 第一冷凍壓縮機30藉由一合適的馬達來驅動’例如一 燃氣輪機35，其設有一輔助馬達36作爲啓動’而第二冷 凍壓縮機31是藉由一合適的馬達來驅動’例如一燃氣輪機 37，其設有一輔助馬達36(未顯示）。在二個冷凍壓縮機30 和31之間，壓縮熱從一通過導管38之空氣冷卻器40和熱 交換器41中的流體中移除。 在空氣冷卻器42中，冷卻導管32中高壓冷凍劑’並 且在熱交換器43中部份冷凝以獲得經部份冷凝的冷凍劑。 高壓冷凍劑經由輸入裝置46引入分離容器45中。在 分離容器45中，經部份冷凝的冷凍劑係分離成一液態重質 冷凍劑餾份和一氣態輕質冷凍劑餾份。液態重質冷凍劑餾 份經由導管47從分離容器45中移除’而氣態輕質冷凍劑 餾份經由導管48移除。 在主要熱交換器1之第二管側15中，將重質冷凍劑館 份局部冷卻以得到一經局部冷卻之重質冷凍劑流。該經局 部冷卻之重質冷凍劑流經由導管50從主要熱交換器1中移 除，並且容許在一爲膨脹閥51形式之膨脹裝置中膨脹。該 經局部冷卻之重質冷凍劑在經降低壓力下經由導管52和噴 嘴53導入主要熱交換器之中間點7的殻側10中。重質冷 10 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準<CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） ----------- - -裝--- • - 一1 (A先閱請背面之注意事項^少，寫本頁) Γ -1線- 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消费合作社印製 A7 ___B7___ 五、發明說明（7) m 凍劑流可在經降低壓力下於殼側10中蒸發’藉此在管侧 13、15及16中冷卻該流體。 I------1-----裝--- *·· f (靖先閱磧背面之注意事項t寫本頁) 經由導管48所移除之部份氣態輕質冷凍劑餾份係通過 導管55至主要熱交換器1中的第三管側16，在此處其被 冷卻、液化和局部冷卻以得到一經局部冷卻輕質冷凍劑流 。經局部冷卻輕質冷凍劑流經由導管57從主要熱交換器1 中移除，並且使其在以膨脹閥58之形式的膨脹裝置中膨脹 。在經降低壓力下，經局部冷卻輕質冷凍劑流經由導管59 和噴嘴60導入主要熱交換器之冷端5·的殼側10中。可使 輕質冷凍劑流在經降低壓力下於殼側10邊蒸發，藉此在管 側13 ' 15和16中冷卻該流體。 -線. 經由導管48所移除之輕質冷凍劑餾份殘餘物係通過導 管61至一熱交換器63，在此處其被冷卻、液化和局部冷 卻。經由設有一膨脹閥65的導管64，將其從熱交換器63 供應到導管59。 所得經液化流經由導管23從主要熱交換器1移除，並 且通至閃蒸器70。爲了使壓力降低，導管23設有爲膨脹 閥71形式之膨脹裝置，如此所得經液化流係在一經降低壓 經濟部智慧財產局霣工消费合作社印製 力下經由輸入裝置72至閃蒸器70中。經降低壓力在實質 上適合地相等於大氣壓力。膨脹閥71也調節了整體的流動 〇 •廢氣從閃蒸器70的頂端經由導管75移除。在一由馬 達78所驅動之終端暫存(end-flash)壓縮機77中，將該廢氣 壓縮以得到高壓的燃料氣體，該高壓燃料氣體經由導管79 11 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消费合作社印製 五、發明說明（f) 移除。在熱交換器63中，該廢氣將輕質冷凍劑餾份冷卻、 液化和局部冷卻。 經液化產物從閃蒸器70的底部經由導管80移除且通 至儲存處(未顯示出）。 第一目的爲使流動經過<導管80之經液化產物的生產量 最大化，該導管80是由閥71來操控。 前述說明的模擬預測控制係用來達到本目的。該組操 .作變數包括流經導管52 (膨脹閥51)之重質冷凍劑餾份的質 量流率、流經導管59 (膨脹閥58和閥62)之輕質冷凍劑餾 份之質量流率 '以及流經導管20 (由閥71來操控)之富含 甲烷之原料的質量流率。該組控制變數包括在主要熱交換 器1之溫端3的溫度差(其爲在導管47中流體溫度和在導 管25中溫度之間的差値），以及在主要熱交換器1之中間 點7的溫度差(其爲在導管50中流體和在主要熱交換器1 之中間點7殼側10中流體溫度之間的差値）。藉由選擇該 等變數’可達到在基於模擬預測控制之先進製程控制下以 控制主要熱交換器1。 申請人已發現，當使用模擬預測控制時，以及當使用 重質冷凍劑餾份之質量流率、輕質冷凍劑餾份之質量流率 、以及富含甲烷之原料的質量流率.等.，操控麗戴可以達 到一有效和快速的控制，該控制使得經液化產物的生產最 佳化’並且控制在主票熱交換器中之溫度分佈。. I. 本發明方法的優點爲不操作經混合冷凍劑之整體組成 以使P液化產物的生產最佳化。 12 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項导4寫本頁) -- 寫太 ί =° Τ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家棵準（CNS)A4规格（210 X 297公爱） A7 A7 經濟部智慧財產局貝Η消费合作社印製 ______B7___ 五、發明說明（1 ) 爲了達到最完善，觀察到設有以液面控制器82來操控 流動控制閥81的導管80確保在正常操作期間，在閃蒸器 70中維持一充足的液面。然而，因爲當進入閃蒸器70中 液體的流入量相當於閃蒸器70之液體的流出量時，不操控 閥81，流動控制閥81的存在與根據本發明之最佳化無關 〇 在經液化產物的生產量必須維持在一預定程度上之粒 子中’模擬預測控制允許控制在主要熱交換器1中的溫度 分佈。爲此目的，該組經控制變數進一步包括經由主要熱 交換器1所移除之經液化流的溫度，該流爲流經過導管23 〇 本發明之進一步目的使壓縮機的利用增加到極限。爲 此目的，該組經操作變數進一步包括冷凍壓縮機30和31 的速度。 經由導管20供應至主要熱交換器丨之氣態、富含甲焼 原料是從一天然氣原料來獲得’其藉由部份冷凝該天然氣 原料以得到一供應至主要熱交換器1的經部份冷凝的原料 。天然氣原料通過供應導管90。在至少一個熱交換器％ 中進行部份冷凝該天然氣原料。 ' 經部份冷凝原料經由輸入裝置94引入一洗滌塔95中 。在洗滌塔95中’分餾經部份冷凝原料以得到一氣態頂部 流和一液態、缺乏甲烷之,底部流。該氣態頂部流通過導管 97並經由熱交換器100到上方分離器1〇2。在熱交換器1〇〇 中’將氣態頂部流部份冷凝，並且經部份冷凝頂部流經 裝·11 (請先閱讀背面之>i意事項寫本頁) 訂· Γ -丨線· -4, 13 A7 B7 五、發明說明（θ) 輸入裝置103導入上方分離器1〇2中。在上方分離器1〇2 中，經部份冷凝的頂部流係分離成一氣態富含甲院流和一 液態底部流。 經由導管104所移除之氣態富含甲烷流在導管20中形 成氣態富含甲烷之原料。至少部份液態底部流經由導管 105和噴嘴106導入洗滌塔95中作爲回流。導管1〇5設有 一流動控制閥108，該流動控制閥108由液面控制器109操 控以以維持上方分離器102於一固定的液面。 假如需要的回流少於在經部份冷凝氣態頂部流的液體 ，剩餘物可經由設有流量控制閥112的導管111至主要熱 交換器1。然後該組經操作變數之後包括流經導管ill之 過量液體底部流之質量流率。 在例子中得到過少回流，可從供應源(未顯示出 >經過 設有流量控制閥114之導管113來加入丁烷。在此例中， 該組經操作變數進一步包括流經導管113之含丁烷流的質 量流率。 該液態、缺乏甲烷之底部流經由導管115從洗滌塔95 中移除。爲提供洗滌用之蒸氣，液態、缺乏甲烷底部流藉 著與一合適熱介質，例如熱水進行間接熱交換，或經由導 管119供應蒸氣來進行部份蒸發。蒸氣係經由導管120導 入洗滌塔95的較低部份，並且液體經由設有流量控制閥 123之導管122從熱交換器118中移除，該流量控制閥123 由液面控制器124操控以維持熱交換器118之殻側邊一固 定液面。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS>A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 請 先 閱 讀， 背- 意 事 項Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (丨 q) 123 Flow control valve 124 Liquid level controller 125 Duct 126 Flow control valve 127 Propane compressor 128 Gas turbine 130 Air cooler 135 Duct 136 Duct 137 Expansion valve 138 Expansion valve 140 Conduit 141 Conduit 145 Conduit 146 Conduit 148 Expansion valve 150 Conduit 151 Conduit 152 Expansion valve 153 Conduit 21 First-read the flank, and enter the second fill sheet I. Order • IIII See IIA-'This The paper size applies to the national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm). B7 Printed by the Shelley Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of invention () order response coefficient. This group of stage response coefficients forms the basis of the simulated predictive control of the liquefaction method. During normal operation, the prediction of control variables is calculated with regular future control movements. A performance index is calculated for these future control moves. The performance index includes two items. The first item represents the sum of the entire future control movements of the prediction error for each control movement, and the second item represents the future control movements for changes in the operational variables of each control movement. sum. For each control variable, the prediction error is the difference between the prediction of the control variable and the reference of the control variable. The prediction error 値 is multiplied by a weighting factor, and the change in the operating variable for a control movement is multiplied by a movement suppression coefficient. The performance index discussed here is linear. In addition, in the case where the performance index is quadratic, the item may be the sum of square items. Furthermore, it is possible to set operating variables, changes to the operating variables, and constraints of the controlled variables. This results in a set of individual equations that are solved simultaneously with the minimum value of the performance index. Manganization can be performed in two ways; one way is to individually optimize the minimum value beyond the performance index, and the second way is to optimize within the performance index. When the optimization is performed individually, for each control movement, the parameters to be optimized, such as the control variables, are included in the prediction error 値, and the optimization gives a reference to the control variables 另外 In addition, 'in the calculation of the performance index It is optimized and produced with 8 (please read the precautions on the back ^ r to write this page) installed -1T · • line. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297mm *) A7, ___ B7__ 5. Description of the Invention (Γ) The third term of the performance index with appropriate weighting factors. In this example, the reference frame of the controlled variable is a predetermined stable state that maintains a constant. Considering this suppression, the performance index is minimized to produce a number of manipulated variables for future control movements. However, only the next control move is performed. Then, the calculation of the performance index of the future control movement is started again. The simulation with the stage response coefficient and the equations required in the simulation predictive control are part of a computer program, which is executed in order to control the liquefaction method. A computer program containing such a program that can handle analog predictive control is called a pre-programmed controller. Because the computer program is commercially available, we will not discuss it in detail. The method of the present invention is more directed to selection variables. The present invention will now be described by way of the attached drawings and embodiments, in which: Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a device for liquefied natural gas; and Fig. 2 shows a propane cooling cycle. Reference is now made to FIG. 1. The LNG plant comprises a main heat exchanger 1 having a warm end 3, a cold end 5 and an intermediate point 7. The wall of the main heat exchanger 1 defines a shell side 10. A first tube side 13 extending from the warm end 3 to the cold end 5, a second tube side 15 extending from the warm end 3 to the intermediate point 7, and a second tube side 15 extending from the warm end 3 to the cold end are placed in the shell side 10. The third tube side of end 5: 16 :. During normal operation, under elevated pressure, a gaseous material rich in formazan is supplied through the supply conduit 20 to the first tube side 13 on the warm end 3 of the main heat exchanger. The raw material passing through the first tube side 13 is cooled, liquefied, and locally cooled to prevent evaporation of the refrigerant in the shell side 10. The obtained liquefied stream is from the main heat 9 This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (L) The cold end 5 of the exchanger is removed through the conduit 23. The liquefied stream is passed for storage, where it is stored as a liquefied product. The evaporated refrigerant is removed through the duct 25 from the shell side 10 on the warm end 3 of the main heat exchanger. In the refrigerating compressors 30 and 31, the evaporated refrigerant is compressed to obtain a high-pressure refrigerant that is removed via the duct 32. The first refrigerating compressor 30 is driven by a suitable motor, such as a gas turbine 35, which is provided with a The auxiliary motor 36 is used as a starter and the second refrigeration compressor 31 is driven by a suitable motor, such as a gas turbine 37, which is provided with an auxiliary motor 36 (not shown). Between the two refrigeration compressors 30 and 31, the heat of compression is removed from the fluid in an air cooler 40 and a heat exchanger 41 through a duct 38. In the air cooler 42, the high-pressure refrigerant 'in the cooling pipe 32 is cooled and partially condensed in the heat exchanger 43 to obtain a partially condensed refrigerant. The high-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the separation container 45 via the input device 46. In the separation container 45, the partially condensed refrigerant is separated into a liquid heavy refrigerant fraction and a gaseous light refrigerant fraction. The liquid heavy refrigerant fraction is removed from the separation vessel 45 via a conduit 47 'and the gaseous light refrigerant fraction is removed via a conduit 48. In the second tube side 15 of the main heat exchanger 1, the heavy refrigerant component is locally cooled to obtain a locally cooled heavy refrigerant stream. The locally cooled heavy refrigerant stream is removed from the main heat exchanger 1 via a conduit 50 and allowed to expand in an expansion device in the form of an expansion valve 51. The locally cooled heavy refrigerant is introduced into the shell side 10 of the intermediate point 7 of the main heat exchanger through the duct 52 and the nozzle 53 under reduced pressure. Heavy-duty cold 10 This paper size applies to Chinese National Standards < CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 public love) -------------Installation --- •-1 (A please read first Note on the back ^ Less, write this page) Γ -1 line-printed by Shelley Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 ___B7___ V. Description of the invention (7) m Refrigerant flow can be reduced on the shell side under reduced pressure 10 Medium evaporation 'thereby cools the fluid in the tube sides 13, 15 and 16. I ------ 1 ----- Loading --- * ... f (Notes on the back of Jingxian 碛 t write this page) Part of the gaseous light refrigerant distillation removed through the conduit 48 The portion passes through the duct 55 to the third tube side 16 in the main heat exchanger 1, where it is cooled, liquefied and locally cooled to obtain a locally cooled light refrigerant stream. The locally cooled light refrigerant flow is removed from the main heat exchanger 1 via a conduit 57 and is expanded in an expansion device in the form of an expansion valve 58. At a reduced pressure, the locally cooled light refrigerant flow is introduced into the shell side 10 of the cold end 5 · of the main heat exchanger via the duct 59 and the nozzle 60. The light refrigerant stream can be allowed to evaporate on the shell side 10 under reduced pressure, thereby cooling the fluid in the tube sides 13'15 and 16. -Line. The light refrigerant fraction residue removed via conduit 48 is passed through conduit 61 to a heat exchanger 63 where it is cooled, liquefied, and locally cooled. It is supplied from a heat exchanger 63 to a pipe 59 via a pipe 64 provided with an expansion valve 65. The resulting liquefied stream is removed from the main heat exchanger 1 via a conduit 23 and passed to a flasher 70. In order to reduce the pressure, the conduit 23 is provided with an expansion device in the form of an expansion valve 71. The liquefied stream thus obtained is passed through the input device 72 to the flasher 70 under the printing power of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economy . The reduced pressure is suitably substantially equal to atmospheric pressure. The expansion valve 71 also regulates the overall flow. Exhaust gas is removed from the top of the flash 70 via a conduit 75. In an end-flash compressor 77 driven by a motor 78, the exhaust gas is compressed to obtain a high-pressure fuel gas, which is passed through a duct 79 11 This paper is in accordance with Chinese National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) A7 B7 Printed by the Shellfish Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (f) Removed. In the heat exchanger 63, the exhaust gas cools, liquefies, and locally cools the light refrigerant fraction. The liquefied product is removed from the bottom of the flash 70 via a conduit 80 and passed to storage (not shown). The first objective is to maximize the production of liquefied products flowing through < a conduit 80 which is controlled by a valve 71. The analog predictive control described above is used for this purpose. This group of operations includes mass flow rate of heavy refrigerant fractions flowing through conduit 52 (expansion valve 51) and mass flow of light refrigerant fractions flowing through conduit 59 (expansion valve 58 and valve 62). Rate 'and the mass flow rate of the methane-rich feedstock flowing through conduit 20 (controlled by valve 71). This set of control variables includes the temperature difference at the temperature end 3 of the main heat exchanger 1 (which is the difference between the temperature of the fluid in the conduit 47 and the temperature in the conduit 25), and the intermediate point at the main heat exchanger 1. 7 temperature difference (which is the difference between the temperature of the fluid in the duct 50 and the temperature of the fluid in the shell side 10 at the intermediate point 7 of the main heat exchanger 1). By selecting these variables', it is possible to control the main heat exchanger 1 under advanced process control based on analog predictive control. The applicant has found that when using simulation predictive control, and when using the mass flow rate of heavy refrigerant fractions, the mass flow rate of light refrigerant fractions, and the mass flow rate of raw materials rich in methane, etc. The control of Lidai can achieve an effective and fast control which optimizes the production of liquefied products' and controls the temperature distribution in the main ticket heat exchanger. I. An advantage of the method of the present invention is that the overall composition of the mixed refrigerant is not manipulated to optimize the production of the P liquefied product. 12 (Please read the precautions on the back of this guide to write this page)-Write too ί = ° Τ The paper size is applicable to China National Tree Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) A7 A7 Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by Behr Consumer Cooperative ______B7___ 5. Description of the Invention (1) In order to achieve the most perfect, it is observed that a conduit 80 provided with a liquid level controller 82 to control the flow control valve 81 ensures that during normal operation, in the flasher 70 Maintain a sufficient liquid level. However, because when the inflow of liquid into the flasher 70 is equivalent to the amount of liquid out of the flasher 70, the valve 81 is not operated, and the existence of the flow control valve 81 has nothing to do with the optimization according to the present invention. The production volume must be maintained in the particles to a predetermined degree. The 'analog predictive control allows the temperature distribution in the main heat exchanger 1 to be controlled. For this purpose, the set of controlled variables further includes the temperature of the liquefied stream removed through the main heat exchanger 1, the stream passing through the conduit 23. A further object of the invention is to increase the use of the compressor to the limit. For this purpose, the set of operating variables further includes the speeds of the refrigeration compressors 30 and 31. The gaseous, formazan-rich feedstock supplied to the main heat exchanger via the conduit 20 is obtained from a natural gas feedstock 'which partially condenses the natural gas feedstock to obtain a partially condensed feedstock supplied to the main heat exchanger 1 Of raw materials. The natural gas feed passes through the supply conduit 90. Partial condensation of the natural gas feedstock is performed in at least one heat exchanger%. '' The partially condensed raw material is introduced into a washing column 95 via an input device 94. In the washing column 95 ', fractionally condensed raw materials are obtained to obtain a gaseous top stream and a liquid, methane-deficient, bottom stream. This gaseous top flow passes through the conduit 97 and through the heat exchanger 100 to the upper separator 102. In the heat exchanger 100, 'the gaseous top flow is partially condensed, and the partially condensed top flow is passed through the device · 11 (please read the first page on the back to write this page) Order · Γ-丨 line · -4, 13 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (θ) The input device 103 is introduced into the upper separator 102. In the upper separator 102, the partially condensed top stream system is separated into a gaseous enriched Yard stream and a liquid bottom stream. The gaseous methane-rich stream removed via conduit 104 forms a gaseous methane-rich feedstock in conduit 20. At least part of the liquid bottom stream is introduced into the washing column 95 via the conduit 105 and the nozzle 106 as a reflux. The duct 105 is provided with a flow control valve 108 which is controlled by a liquid level controller 109 to maintain the upper separator 102 at a fixed liquid level. If the required return flow is less than the liquid flowing at the partially condensed gaseous top, the residue can be passed to the main heat exchanger 1 through a pipe 111 provided with a flow control valve 112. The set of manipulated variables then includes the mass flow rate of the excess liquid bottom flow through the conduit ill. Too little reflux is obtained in the example, butane can be added from a supply source (not shown) through a conduit 113 provided with a flow control valve 114. In this example, the set of operating variables further includes The mass flow rate of the butane stream. The liquid, methane-deficient bottom stream is removed from the scrubbing column 95 via a conduit 115. To provide steam for washing, the liquid, methane-deficient bottom stream is passed through a suitable heat medium such as heat Water is indirectly heat-exchanged or partially evaporated by supplying steam via conduit 119. The steam is introduced into the lower part of washing tower 95 via conduit 120, and the liquid is removed from heat exchanger 118 via conduit 122 provided with flow control valve 123 Removed, the flow control valve 123 is controlled by the liquid level controller 124 to maintain a fixed liquid level on the side of the shell of the heat exchanger 118. This paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS > A4 size (210 X 297 mm) Please read first, memorize
.訂 經濟部>,«財產局貝工消费合作社印製 A7 B7_._ 五、發明說明（Μ ) 爲了整合洗滌塔95的控制和主要熱交換器1的控制， 該組經操作變數進一步包括在導管122中液態缺乏甲烷底 部流之溫度。再者，該組控制變數進一步包括在氣態富含 甲烷流體中(在導管104中）之較重質的烴類之濃度、在導 管122中液態缺乏甲烷之底部流的濃度、在導管122中液 態缺乏甲烷之底部流的質量流率、以及回流的質量流率’ 其爲回流流經導管105的質量流率。該組欲最佳化的參數 進一步包括經液化產物的熱値(heating value)。該熱値是由 分析流經導管80之經液化產物的成份來計算出。該分析可 藉由氣體色層分析法來進行。 該液態缺乏甲烷之底部流於導管122中的溫度是藉由 調節輸入到熱交換器118的熱來操控。· 在幾個例子上，使用熱交換器從一流體中來移除熱’ 例如爲部份冷凝流體。在熱交換器41中，熱從部份經壓縮 冷凍劑中移除，在熱交換器43中將高壓冷凍劑部份冷凝， 在熱交換器93中將天然氣原料部份冷凝，並且在熱交換器 100中將氣態頂部流部份冷凝。在該等熱交換器中，藉由 以丙烷在一合適壓力下蒸發的間接熱交換來移除熱。 圖2槪要顯示丙烷循環的實施例。經蒸發丙烷在由一 合適馬達，例如燃氣輪機128所驅動的丙烷壓縮機127中 被壓縮。丙烷在空氣冷卻機130中冷凝，並且在提升壓力 V ·. 下將經冷凝丙烷通過導管135和136<到達以互相平行配置 的熱交換器93和43中。在進入熱交換器93和43之前， 使經冷凝丙烷經由膨脹閥137和138膨脹成一高中壓。氣 15 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS>A4規格<210 * 297公釐) --------------裝--- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項寫本頁) -δ --線_ 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消费合作社印製 A7 五、發明說明（丨1) 經濟邨智慧財產局負工消费合作社印製 態餾份通過導管140和141到達丙烷壓縮機Π7的° 液態餾份通過導管145和146到達熱交換器41 °在進入熱 交換器41之前，使丙烷經由膨脹閥148膨脹成一低中壓。 氣態餾份經’由導管150到達丙烷壓縮機127的入口 ° '液態 餾份經由導管151至熱交換器1〇〇。在進入熱交換器4丨之 前，使得丙烷經由膨脹閥152膨脹到一低壓。在低 烷經由導管153通至丙烷壓縮機127的入口。 爲了整合丙烷循環的控制和主要熱交換器1 ’ 該組操作變數的設定進一步包括丙烷壓縮機I27的@胃’ 且該組控制變數進一步包括第一丙烷壓縮機I27的吸入壓 力，其爲導管153中丙烷的壓力。在此方式中’可使丙烷 壓縮機的利用至極限。 在丙烷壓縮機之例中，其包括二個串連的壓縮機’該 組操作變數進一步包括二個丙烷壓縮機的速度’且該組控 制變數進一步包括第一丙烷壓縮機的吸入壓力。 爲了進一步使製程最佳化，該組控制變數可進一步包 括終端儲存(end flash)壓縮機77的負載。 冷凍劑儲存量之整體組成和整體存量係個別控制(未顯 示)以補償因洩漏的損失。這是主要熱交換器之先進方法控 制之外所造成。 在表格1和2之下，給予使用在申請專利範圍中的操 作和控制變數的摘要。 表1 使用在申請專利範圍中之操作變數的摘要 16 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項f寫本頁) 丨·裝 訂_ Γ -線* 't. A7 ._B7 五、發明說明（I i) 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消费合作社印製 申請專利範圍 說明 參考數字 1 重質冷凍劑餾份之質量流率 51 1 輕質冷凍劑餾份之質量流率 58，62 1 富含甲烷之原料的質量流率 71 3 冷凍壓縮機的速度 30，31 7 液態缺乏甲烷之底部流的溫度 122 8 含丁烷流的質量流率 113 8 過量液體底部流的質量流率 111 10 丙烷壓縮機的速度 127 表2 使用在申請專利範圍中之控制變數的摘要 申請專利範圍 說明 參考數字 1 在主要熱交換器之溫端上的溫度差 3 1 在主要熱交換器之中間點上的溫度差 7 2 從主要熱交換器所移除之經液化流的溫度 23 7 ^^嘻含甲織中之 104 7 在液態缺乏甲烷之底部流中甲烷的濃度 122 7 液態缺乏甲烷底部流之質量流率 122 7 回流的質量流率 105 10 第一丙院壓縮機的吸入壓力 153 11 /' > ♦ 終端暫存(end flash)壓縮機的負載 77 17 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公* ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項寫本頁) Μ 裝 · Γ •線. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消费合作社印製 A7 B7 年月 —補充i 五、發明說明（丨1/· ) 圖式主要元件符號說明 1 主要熱交換器 ' 3 溫端 5 冷端 7 中間點 10 殼側 13 第一管側 15 第二管側 16 第三管側 20 供應導管 23 導管 25 導管 30 冷凍壓縮機 31 冷凍壓縮機 32 導管 35 燃氣輪機 36 輔助馬達 37 燃氣輪機 • 38 導管 40 空氣冷卻機 * 41 熱交換器 42 空氣冷卻器 43 熱交換器 45 分離容器 18 I:----_-----Λ-裝------^ It 丨— l· V I I f t (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) . 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 五、發明說明（[Ο A7 B7Ordered by the Ministry of Economy >, «Printed by the Property Bureau Shellfish Consumer Cooperative A7 B7 _._ 5. Description of the Invention (M) In order to integrate the control of the washing tower 95 and the control of the main heat exchanger 1, the group's operating variables further include The liquid in the conduit 122 lacks the temperature of the bottom flow of methane. Furthermore, the set of control variables further includes the concentration of heavier hydrocarbons in the gaseous methane-rich fluid (in the conduit 104), the concentration of the bottom stream lacking methane in the liquid state in the conduit 122, and the liquid state in the conduit 122 The mass flow rate of the bottom stream lacking methane, and the mass flow rate of the return flow is the mass flow rate of the return flow through the conduit 105. The set of parameters to be optimized further includes the heating value of the liquefied product. This thermal radon is calculated by analyzing the composition of the liquefied product flowing through the duct 80. The analysis can be performed by gas chromatography. The temperature of the liquid methane-deficient bottom flowing in the duct 122 is controlled by adjusting the heat input to the heat exchanger 118. · In several examples, heat exchangers are used to remove heat from a fluid, such as a partially condensed fluid. In the heat exchanger 41, the heat is removed from the compressed refrigerant, the high-pressure refrigerant is partially condensed in the heat exchanger 43, the natural gas raw material is partially condensed in the heat exchanger 93, and the heat is exchanged. The gaseous top stream is partially condensed in the vessel 100. In these heat exchangers, heat is removed by indirect heat exchange with propane evaporating at a suitable pressure. Figure 2 shows an example of a propane cycle. The evaporated propane is compressed in a propane compressor 127 driven by a suitable motor, such as a gas turbine 128. The propane is condensed in the air cooler 130, and the condensed propane is passed through the ducts 135 and 136 < to the heat exchangers 93 and 43 arranged in parallel with each other at a raised pressure V .. Before entering the heat exchangers 93 and 43, the condensed propane is expanded to a high and medium pressure via the expansion valves 137 and 138. Gas 15 This paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS > A4 size < 210 * 297mm) -------------- install --- (Please read the precautions on the back first to write this (Page) -δ-线 _ Printed by A7, Shelley Consumer Cooperative, Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, 5. Description of the Invention (丨 1) The printed fractions of the Economy Village Intellectual Property Bureau, Consumer Cooperative, reach the propane compression through conduits 140 and 141. The liquid fraction of the engine 7 reaches the heat exchanger 41 through the pipes 145 and 146. Before entering the heat exchanger 41, the propane is expanded to a low and medium pressure through the expansion valve 148. The gaseous fraction passes through the conduit 150 to the inlet of the propane compressor 127, and the liquid fraction passes through the conduit 151 to the heat exchanger 100. Before entering the heat exchanger 4, the propane is allowed to expand to a low pressure via the expansion valve 152. The low alkane passes through the conduit 153 to the inlet of the propane compressor 127. In order to integrate the control of the propane cycle and the main heat exchanger 1 ', the set of operating variables further includes the @ Stomach of the propane compressor I27 and the set of control variables further includes the suction pressure of the first propane compressor I27, which is the conduit 153 Propane pressure. In this way, 'the use of a propane compressor is maximized. In the example of a propane compressor, it includes two compressors in series 'the set of operating variables further includes the speed of the two propane compressors' and the set of control variables further includes the suction pressure of the first propane compressor. To further optimize the process, the set of control variables may further include the load of the end flash compressor 77. The overall composition and overall inventory of refrigerant storage are individually controlled (not shown) to compensate for losses due to leakage. This is caused by the advanced method control of the main heat exchanger. Below tables 1 and 2, a summary of the operating and control variables used in the scope of the patent application is given. Table 1 Summary of the operating variables used in the scope of patent application 16 This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back first to write this page) 丨 · Binding_ Γ -line * 't. A7 ._B7 V. Description of the invention (I i) Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperatives, Patent Application Description Reference Number 1 Mass flow rate of heavy refrigerant fractions 51 1 Lightweight Mass flow rate of refrigerant fraction 58, 62 1 Mass flow rate of methane-rich feedstock 71 3 Speed of refrigerating compressor 30, 31 7 Temperature of bottom stream in liquid state lacking methane 122 8 Mass flow rate of butane stream 113 8 Mass flow rate of bottom flow of excess liquid 111 10 Speed of propane compressor 127 Table 2 Summary of control variables used in patent application patent application scope specification reference number 1 Temperature difference on temperature end of main heat exchanger 3 1 Temperature difference at the intermediate point of the main heat exchanger 7 2 Temperature of the liquefied stream removed from the main heat exchanger 23 7 ^^ 中 甲 甲 中 中 104 7 In the bottom stream of liquid methane deficiency Concentration of alkane 122 7 Mass flow rate of liquid lacking methane bottom flow 122 7 Mass flow rate of reflux 105 10 Suction pressure of the First Cylinder Compressor 153 11 / '> ♦ End flash compressor load 77 17 This paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 male *) (Please read the notes on the back to write this page) Μ Install · Γ • Line. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 month—Supplement i. 5. Description of the invention (丨 1 / ·) Symbol description of the main components of the drawing 1 Main heat exchanger '3 Warm end 5 Cold end 7 Intermediate point 10 Shell side 13 First tube side 15 Second tube Side 16 Third pipe side 20 Supply duct 23 Duct 25 Duct 30 Refrigeration compressor 31 Refrigeration compressor 32 Duct 35 Gas turbine 36 Auxiliary motor 37 Gas turbine • 38 Duct 40 Air cooler * 41 Heat exchanger 42 Air cooler 43 Heat exchanger 45 Separation container 18 I: ----_----- Λ-pack ------ ^ It 丨 — l · VII ft (Please read the precautions on the back before filling This page). This paper scales applicable Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) Fifth, the invention is described in ([Ο A7 B7
經濟部智慧財產局員工消费合作社印製 46 輸入裝置 47 導管 48 Aj£r 導営 50 導管 51 膨脹閥 52 導管 53 噴嘴 55 導管 57 導管 58 膨脹閥 59 導管 60 61 導管 63 熱交換器 64 導管 65 膨脹閥 70 閃蒸器 71 膨脹閥 72 輸入裝置 75 導管 77 終端暫存壓縮機 78 馬達 79 導管 80 導管 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀嘴面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Λ，裝 i 1 ϋ MmMW e_ai. —訂· I — --- -k. 五、發明說明（)Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives 46 Input device 47 Duct 48 Duct 50 Duct 50 Duct 51 Expansion valve 52 Duct 53 Nozzle 55 Duct 57 Duct 58 Dump valve 59 Duct 60 61 Duct 63 Heat exchanger 64 Duct 65 Expansion Valve 70 Flasher 71 Expansion valve 72 Input device 75 Duct 77 Terminal temporary storage compressor 78 Motor 79 Duct 80 Duct This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the Please fill in this page again) Λ, install i 1 ϋ MmMW e_ai. —Order · I — --- -k. V. Description of the invention ()
經濟部智慧財產局員工消费合作社印製 81 流動控制閥 82 液面控制器 90 供應導管 93 熱交換器 94 輸入裝置 95 洗滌塔 97 導管 100 熱交換器 102 上方分離器 103 輸入裝置 104 導管 105 導管 106 噴嘴 108 流動控制閥 109 液面控制器 111 導管 112 流動控制閥 113 導管 114 流動控制閥 115 導管 118 熱交換器 119 導管 120 導管 122 導管 (請先閱讀嘴面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 20 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 Μ 工 消 费 合 作 社 印 製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（丨q ) 123 流動控制閥 124 液面控制器 125 導管 126 流動控制閥 127 丙烷壓縮機 128 燃氣輪機 130 空氣冷卻機 135 導管 136 導管 137 膨脹閥 138 膨脹閥 140 導管 141 導管 145 導管 146 導管 148 膨脹閥 150 導管 151 導管 152 膨脹閥 153 導管 21 先- 閱 讀 脅 面， 項入 填二 寫裝 頁I .訂 • I I I I 瞧 I I A - ' 本紙張尺度適用t國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐）Printed by the Employees ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 81 Flow control valve 82 Level controller 90 Supply conduit 93 Heat exchanger 94 Input device 95 Washing tower 97 Conduit 100 Heat exchanger 102 Upper separator 103 Input device 104 Conduit 105 Conduit 106 Nozzle 108 Flow control valve 109 Level controller 111 Conduit 112 Flow control valve 113 Conduit 114 Flow control valve 115 Conduit 118 Heat exchanger 119 Conduit 120 Conduit 122 Conduit (Please read the precautions on your mouth before filling this page) 20 copies Paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs M Industrial and Consumer Cooperative A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (丨 q) 123 Flow control valve 124 Level controller 125 Conduit 126 Flow control valve 127 Propane compressor 128 Gas turbine 130 Air cooler 135 Duct 136 Duct 137 Expansion valve 138 Expansion valve 140 Duct 141 Duct 145 Duct 146 Duct 148 Expansion valve 150 Duct 151 Duct 152 Expansion valve 153 Duct 21 First-read the flank Entry into the writing apparatus is two pages I booked Look • I I I I I I A -. 'T this paper scale applicable National Standards (CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm)