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ο —A 5 tx 經濟4央標隼局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1 ) 本發明是關於一水質監控之方法及裝置，特别是關於 一多功能之水質監控方法及裝置。 在一般生產工麻的用水量比例中，冷卻用之水量佔了 大部份，因此，無論自用水量成本之節省，或從環保的立 場考量，如何控制冷卻用水的水質，來提高濃縮倍率、減 少排放水量，乃爲一重要之課題。控制水質的功能，還可 避免管路結垢而阻塞、甚至於產生腐蝕破裂，進一步地即 可避免因管路破裂帶來的意外災害。 目前一般水質監控的第一步工作，不管是否委託專業 的水處理公司進行，都得到現場取水樣，然後帶回實驗室。 在實驗室中進行的檢驗工作，一般需先檢測pH値、鈣 離子濃度及Μ鹼度；第二步驟係依檢測値查閲栢關之資料 圖表；然後才能在第三步驟中計算出飽和指數値，運算過 程非常麻煩。 由於應用傳統檢測方法及步骤，以及浪費許多時間往 返至現場取樣，因此從取樣至知道測試結果將相隔數小 時；如果是委託專業水處理公司執行，一般在取樣之第二 天才能獲致結果。在上述全部過程中產生時間的拖延，必 造成水質監控上即時監視並即時補救的阻礙。 雖然也有人考慮把實驗裝置安裝在取水樣的地點進行 即時化驗分析，但卻是一種不實際極不方便之理想而已。 目前分析鈣（Ca.)硬度之方法有原子吸收光譜法（ΑΑ)、 電漿光譜法（ICP)、離子層析法（1C)等，但可應用在線上（on line)之法是以#5離子/電極來測#5硬度的裝置，但其售價 -2- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 5ο —A 5 tx Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards and Economics A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (1) The present invention relates to a method and device for water quality monitoring, and more particularly to a multifunctional method and device for water quality monitoring. In the proportion of water used for general industrial hemp production, the amount of water used for cooling accounts for a large part. Therefore, no matter how to save the cost of self-use water or from an environmental protection standpoint, how to control the water quality of cooling water to increase the concentration rate and reduce Discharge of water is an important issue. The function of controlling the water quality can also prevent the pipeline from scaling up and blocking, and even cause corrosion and rupture, which can further avoid accidents caused by pipeline rupture. At present, the first step of general water quality monitoring, whether it is entrusted to a professional water treatment company or not, is to obtain a water sample on site and take it back to the laboratory. The inspection work performed in the laboratory generally requires the detection of pH 値, calcium ion concentration, and M alkalinity; the second step is to consult the data chart of Baiguan according to the test; then the saturation index can be calculated in the third step Alas, the calculation process is very troublesome. Due to the application of traditional testing methods and procedures, and the waste of time to return to the site for sampling, there will be a few hours from sampling to knowing the test results; if it is entrusted to a professional water treatment company to perform, the results will usually be obtained on the second day of sampling. The delay in time in all of the above processes will inevitably hinder the immediate monitoring and immediate remediation of water quality monitoring. Although some people also consider installing the experimental device at the place where the water sample is taken for real-time analysis, it is an ideal that is not practical and extremely inconvenient. At present, the methods for analyzing calcium (Ca.) hardness include atomic absorption spectrometry (AA), plasma spectroscopy (ICP), ion chromatography (1C), etc., but the method that can be applied on line (on line) is # 5 ion / electrode to measure # 5 hardness device, but its price is -2- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 5
5 IX 經^中央標準局員工消費合I印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（2 ) 貴，且因被測試之水，其水質較純水差，故測試之電極容 易損壞，故需經常清理、保養，甚至校正測試値，甚不方 便。 另外，目前Μ鹼度的分析法有比色法（Methyl 〇range Colorimetd Methods)、電荷平衡法（charge Balance Methods)、自動滴定法等，其中自動滴定器測度之儀 器非常昂貴’市價約新台幣5〇萬’其使用時需經常補充測 試用之藥劑’因此既昂貴、使用上又需經常補充藥劑之問 題，使大穸數人不樂於採用。 傳統水質檢測法更進一步的問題是，一般水質檢測之 項目只能做到比導電度、酸鹼値之管理，少數檢測能力較 佳者，另外多加一項，藉由氧化還原電位（〇Rp : 〇xidati〇n Reduction Potential)控制水中自由氣（Free chlorine)含量， 以維持殺菌效果。至於能反應出木質結垢傾向)與績勉風| 的重要參考指標一飽和指數(SI : Saturation Index)，目前 仍無單一儀器能立即測出。需查表帶來的複雜性，使得飽 和指數（SI)之立即讀取變得相當困難，這也是市面上爲何 沒有此種產品的原因。 本案之目的，在提供一種藉屯置ϋΑϋ來了解水質 變化之水質監控方法。 本案之另一目的，在提供一種水質監控方法與裝置’ 可求出鈣離子、Μ鹼度，與比導電度、酸鹼(PH)度、溫度 等値彼此間之關係，並且進一步地以函數關係取代測試儀 器之硬體設備。 本案之進一目的’則在提供一種水質監控方法及裝 -3- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4规格（210X297公釐） ------------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、τ Γ § A7 B7 五、發明説明（3) 置，可立即反應水質之飽和指數（si)，來提昇水質即時檢 測及改善之技術及品質。 55 IX Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards for employees ’consumption and printed A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) Expensive, and because the water being tested has poorer water quality than pure water, the electrodes tested are easily damaged, so they need to be cleaned frequently, Maintenance and even calibration tests are very inconvenient. In addition, the current M alkalinity analysis methods include Methyl 〇range Colorimetd Methods, charge balance methods, and automatic titration methods. Among them, the automatic titrator measurement instrument is very expensive. The market price is about NT $ 5 〇 'The use of drugs often need to be replenished for testing' is therefore expensive, and the problem of frequent replenishment of drugs, which makes many people unwilling to adopt. A further problem with traditional water quality testing methods is that general water quality testing projects can only achieve management than conductivity and acid-base tritium. A few have better detection capabilities, and one more item is added. By redox potential (〇Rp: 〇xidati〇n Reduction Potential) Controls the content of free chlorine in the water to maintain the bactericidal effect. As for the Saturation Index (SI: Saturation Index), an important reference index that can reflect the tendency of woody fouling) and performance, there is currently no single instrument that can measure it immediately. The complexity caused by the need to look up the table makes it very difficult to read the saturation index (SI) immediately, which is why there is no such product on the market. The purpose of this case is to provide a water quality monitoring method that uses ϋΑϋ to understand water quality changes. Another object of this case is to provide a water quality monitoring method and device that can determine the relationship between calcium ions, M alkalinity, specific conductivity, acid-base (PH) degree, temperature, etc., and further use functions The relationship replaces the hardware equipment of the test instrument. The further purpose of this case is to provide a water quality monitoring method and equipment. -3- The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ------------- (please first Read the notes on the reverse side and fill in this page), τ Γ § A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (3), can immediately reflect the saturation index (si) of water quality, to improve the technology and quality of water quality instant detection and improvement. 5
ο IX 爲達到上述目的，應用本案之技術只要使用一般測試 常使用之導電度計、酸鹼度計與氧化還原電位計，加上中 央處理單元之簡易運算器，即可應用來製造出適用於冷卻 水塔、游泳池、鍋爐等之多功能且成本低廉的自動水質監 控器。監控水質之方法，是由中央處理器由鈣硬度與比導 電度、Μ鹼度之對數値與pH値之線性函數關係，導出鈣 硬度、Μ鹼度，再將溫度曲線簡化爲一方程式，直接產生 出飽和指數（SI)用來監測水質。本索提供實驗證明的數學 式，可快速獲得Μ鹼度與pH値的關係，以及鈣硬度與比 電導度之關係，因此可利用中央處理器立即處理獲得飽和 指數。 茲以附圖進一步陳明本索之技術與功效。 5 第1圖是本發明水質監控方法流程圖。 第2與3圖是依本案方法以標準溶液爲實驗例之線性 關'係圖；其中第2圖是鈣硬度與比導電度之校正曲線，第3 圖則是Μ鹼度與pH値之校正曲線。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社 (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 第4與5圖是以冷卻水塔循環水樣爲模擬對象實驗例 之線性關係圖；其中第4圖類似於第2圖，且第5圖類似 於第3圖。 第6圖是本發明水質監控裝置實施例之方塊圖。 如第1圖所示，並請參考第2圖，本發明之方法主要 是藉酸鹼度計及導電度計所檢測之値，經數學式換算後來 獲得飽和指數（Saturation Index)，當然應用本發明之自動水 -4 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 5ο IX In order to achieve the above purpose, as long as the conductivity meter, pH meter and redox potentiometer commonly used in general testing are used in the application of this technology, plus a simple calculator of the central processing unit, it can be applied to manufacture cooling water towers. Multifunctional and low cost automatic water quality monitor for swimming pool, boiler, etc. The method of monitoring water quality is to derive the calcium hardness and M alkalinity from the linear function of calcium hardness, specific conductivity, logarithm of alkalinity 度 and pH 値 by the central processor, and then simplify the temperature curve into a formula, directly A saturation index (SI) is generated to monitor water quality. This cable provides experimentally proven mathematical formulas that can quickly obtain the relationship between M alkalinity and pH ，, and the relationship between calcium hardness and specific conductivity. Therefore, the central processor can be used to immediately obtain the saturation index. The technology and effects of Benso are further clarified with the attached drawings. 5 Figure 1 is a flowchart of the water quality monitoring method of the present invention. Figures 2 and 3 are linear correlation diagrams using a standard solution as an experimental example according to the method of the case; of which Figure 2 is a calibration curve of calcium hardness and specific conductivity, and Figure 3 is a calibration of M alkalinity and pH 値curve. Employees' Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Figures 4 and 5 are linear relationship diagrams of cooling water tower circulating water samples as simulation objects; of which Figure 4 is similar to Figure 2 and Figure 5 are similar to Figure 3. FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a water quality monitoring device according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 1 and please refer to Figure 2, the method of the present invention is mainly based on the pH value measured by the pH meter and the conductivity meter, and the saturation index (Saturation Index) is obtained through mathematical formula conversion. Automatic water-4-This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 5
5 IX 經濟.^6-央標隼局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（4 ) 質監控器附帶地也可如習有裝置一樣：（1)利用氧化還原計 檢測水質，進一步決定是否要在水中添加殺菌劑；（2)由酸 鹼度計可測出pH値，以該pH値與管制之設定値進行比 較’而考慮是否要添加硫酸來降低pH値；以及（3)藉導電 度計測試水質，當所測之比導電度（pS/cm)大於設定値時即 控制打開電磁閥，將被管制之水先排放後，再補充淨水’ 以降低比導電度。圖1中之SP1〜SP3，是指各設定點（Set Point)的數値。 本發明進一步地取出由導電度計所量測之溫度値（T) 與比導電度（μ)，依下列關係式求出溫度常數値（C): C=c, [log (p/2)]-c2T+c3 該方程式係將Langelier飽和指數圖（如附件一，參見 1976 年弟 7 版的 Betz Handbook of Industrial Water Conditioning第180頁）之溫度常數曲線簡化所得。其中Ci、 c2、皆爲常數，ci=0.1038 ·，c2=〇.0189 ; c3=2.3681。 同時就檢測之pH値，依下列關係式可導出M鹼度： l〇5[MAlk]ppm=(a X pH)-b 其中a，b爲常數，依水質不同而有差異。 當獲得Μ鹼度後，進一步可獲得下列負對數値關係 式： pMAi^-lost^ik^OOOO] 本發明進一步地由比導電度（μ)導出其與每硬度之關 係式爲： [Ca2+]ppm=(c X μ)+ύ -5- 本紙張纽適用中國國( CNS ) Α4規格（21GX297公釐) ~~ ~ 一 ---------11 -v --I --^-訂-I--I- ~ (讀先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 5 ο A7 B7 五、發明説明（5 ) 其中c，d爲常數，依水質不同而有差異，與前述常數a， b —樣地，其數値皆可由水廠或欲管制水源之檢測數値而 獲知，如第2〜5圖中之數値。 以上二數學關係式已由以下兩種實驗例證明可行。 實驗用的藥品配製方法： (1) 紛酜溶液（Phenolphthalene):稱lg紛酜固體溶於 60mL酒精中，以去離子水稀釋至100mL。 (2) 甲基橙(Methyl Orange):取甲基橙固體0.2g溶於熱 水，冷卻後如有必要過遽，以去離子水稀釋至10OmL。 (3) 鈣硬度標準溶液：取適量lOOOppm鈣標準液以去 離子水稀釋至100mL，使鈣硬度（as CaC03)濃度範圍分佈 在 50-350ppm 之間。 (4) 碳酸氫鈣標準溶液：0.1NNaHCO3-取0.84gNaHCO3 固體溶於去離子水，稀釋至100mL。0.001N〜0.007NNaHC03 標準溶液，取適量0.1NNaHCO3標準溶液以去離子水稀釋至 100mL。 (實驗例一） 由實驗室自行配製鈣硬度標準溶液及碳酸氫鈣標準溶 液，分析一系列弼硬度標準溶液之妈硬度、比導電度、及 碳酸氫鈣標準溶液之Μ鹼度、pH値。找出鈣硬度與比導 電度、Μ鹼度與pH値之函數關係。此處作了兩點合理假 設： 1. 鈣硬度與比導電度之關係爲： #5 硬度[ppm as CaC03]=a+bp (比導電度）[pS/cm] 2. M鹼度與pH値之關係爲： -6- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐〉 ------1.---.11^-----.—11—.-----¢1 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟、#央標準局員工消費合作社$ A7 __._ B7__ 五、發明説明（6) bg(M 驗度）[ppm as CaC03]=c+d(pH) 由實驗結果推算其線性相關係數R(Correlation coefficient) 是否良好（>0.95)?依统計學可靠度容許誤差5%之標準’如 R値大於0.95，則表示上述兩點假設可能成立，算出其方 程式之截距及斜率。 實驗結果： (1)鈣硬度與比導電度之關係：以鈣標準溶液配製不同 硬度之標準溶液，並測定比導電度値，結果如下： (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 10經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 比導電度 Ca硬度 (μ8/αη) [ppm as CaC03] 216 51 383 89 595 123 785 178 973 214 1285 261 1593 343 鈣硬度與比導電度爲如圖 2之線性關係， 線性相關係數爲 0.997。 (2)Μ鹼度與pH値之關係：以NaHC03配製0_〇〇1Ν~ 0.007Ν(克當量濃度）之標準溶液，分析pH値及Μ鹼度，結 果如下： NaHC03 pH 値 Μ驗度 l〇g(M鹼度） [N] [ppm as CaC03] 0.001 8.52 53 1.72 0.002 8.73 100 2.00 0.003 8.90 153 2.18 0.004 8.93 203 -7- 2.31 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4规格（210X297公釐） 5 ο 1Χ 經濟部中央標準局員工Μ費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（7 ) 0.005 8.97 252 2.40 0.007 8.99 349 2.54 Μ鹼度之對數與pH値爲如圖3所示之線性關係，其線性相 關係數爲0.970。 由上述結果顯示鈣硬度與比導電度，Μ鹼度與pH値 之關係爲前述函數關係應可成立。 (實驗例二） 以冷卻水塔模擬實際操作狀況，取不同濃縮倍率之冷 卻水塔循環水樣，作鈣硬度、比導電度、Μ鹼度及pH値 之測定。求出鈣凌度與比導電度、Μ鹼度與pH値之函數 關係，其R値是否大於0.95?如是，則表示實際冷卻水塔循 環水樣中，鈣硬度與比導電度、Μ鹼度與pH値有函數關 係存在。 實驗結果： 以模擬冷卻水塔濃縮自來水水樣，取不同濃縮倍率之 循環水樣分析鈣硬度、比導電度，結果如下： 比導電度 Ca硬度 (pS/cm) [ppm as CaC03] 442 119 714 187 772 193 778 199 841 215 923 240 鈣硬度與比導電度之線性關係如圖4所示。 同時，分析各水樣Μ鹼度及pH値之結果爲： pH値 Μ鹼度 l〇s(M鹼度） -8- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)5 IX Economy. ^ 6- Printed by A7 B7, Employees' Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau. 5. Description of the Invention (4) The quality monitor can also be used as a conventional device: (1) Use a redox meter to test the water quality and decide further. Whether to add a bactericide in water; (2) pH 可 can be measured by a pH meter, and the pH 値 is compared with the regulated setting 而 to consider whether sulfuric acid is added to reduce the pH 値; and (3) by conductivity When testing the water quality, when the measured specific conductivity (pS / cm) is greater than the set value, the solenoid valve is controlled to open, the regulated water is discharged first, and then purified water is added to reduce the specific conductivity. SP1 to SP3 in FIG. 1 refer to the numbers of each set point. The present invention further takes out the temperature 値 (T) and the specific conductivity (μ) measured by the conductivity meter, and obtains the temperature constant 値 (C) according to the following relationship: C = c, [log (p / 2) ] -c2T + c3 This equation is obtained by simplifying the temperature constant curve of the Langelier saturation index chart (see Appendix I, see Betz Handbook of Industrial Water Conditioning, page 179, 1976). Where Ci, c2, are all constants, ci = 0.1038 ·, c2 = 0.0189; c3 = 2.3681. At the same time, based on the measured pH 値, the alkalinity of M can be derived according to the following relationship: 105 [MAlk] ppm = (a X pH) -b where a and b are constants and vary depending on the water quality. When M basicity is obtained, the following negative logarithmic relationship can be obtained: pMAi ^ -lost ^ ik ^ OOOO] The present invention further derives the relationship between the specific conductivity (μ) and each hardness as: [Ca2 +] ppm = (c X μ) + ύ -5- This paper New Zealand is applicable to China (CNS) Α4 size (21GX297 mm) ~~ ~ One --------- 11 -v --I-^- Order -I--I- ~ (Read the precautions on the back and then fill out this page) 5 ο A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (5) where c and d are constants, which vary according to the water quality, and are different from the aforementioned constant a , B — sample plots, whose numbers can be obtained from the detection data of the water plant or the water source to be controlled, such as the numbers in Figures 2 to 5. The above two mathematical relations have been demonstrated by the following two experiments. Experimental drug preparation method: (1) Phenolphthalene: lg Phenol solid is dissolved in 60mL of alcohol and diluted to 100mL with deionized water. (2) Methyl Orange: Take 0.2g of methyl orange solid and dissolve it in hot water. After cooling, if necessary, dilute it to 100mL with deionized water. (3) Calcium hardness standard solution: Take an appropriate amount of 1000ppm calcium standard solution and dilute it to 100mL with deionized water to make the calcium hardness (as CaC03) concentration range between 50-350ppm. (4) Standard solution of calcium bicarbonate: 0.1NNaHCO3- Take 0.84g of NaHCO3 solid and dissolve it in deionized water, and dilute to 100mL. 0.001N ~ 0.007NNaHC03 standard solution, take an appropriate amount of 0.1NNaHCO3 standard solution and dilute to 100mL with deionized water. (Experiment example 1) A calcium hardness standard solution and a calcium bicarbonate standard solution were prepared by the laboratory, and the hardness, specific electrical conductivity, and alkalescence and pH of the standard solution of calcium bicarbonate were analyzed. Find the relationship between calcium hardness and specific conductivity, M alkalinity and pH 値. Two reasonable assumptions are made here: 1. The relationship between calcium hardness and specific conductivity is: # 5 hardness [ppm as CaC03] = a + bp (specific conductivity) [pS / cm] 2. M alkalinity and pH The relationship between 値 is: -6- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ------ 1 .---. 11 ^ -----.— 11 —.- ---- ¢ 1 (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Economy, #central standard bureau staff consumer cooperatives $ A7 __._ B7__ 5. Description of the invention (6) bg (M test) [ppm as CaC03] = c + d (pH) Is the linear correlation coefficient R (Correlation coefficient) good from the experimental results (> 0.95)? According to the standard of 5% tolerance for statistical reliability, if R 値 is greater than 0.95, it means The above two assumptions may be established, and calculate the intercept and slope of the equation. Experimental results: (1) The relationship between calcium hardness and specific conductivity: Calculate the specific conductivity 値 with a calcium standard solution and determine the specific conductivity 结果As follows: (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order 10 Printed Specific Conductivity Ca Hardness (μ8 / αη) [ppm as CaC03] 216 51 383 89 595 123 785 178 973 214 1285 261 1593 343 The linear relationship between calcium hardness and specific conductivity is as shown in Figure 2, and the linear correlation coefficient is 0.997. (2) The relationship between the alkalinity and pH 値: NaHC03 prepared a standard solution of 0_〇〇1Ν ~ 0.007Ν (gram equivalent concentration), analyzed pH 値 and M alkalinity, the results are as follows: NaHC03 pH pHM test 10g (M alkalinity) [N] [ppm as CaC03] 0.001 8.52 53 1.72 0.002 8.73 100 2.00 0.003 8.90 153 2.18 0.004 8.93 203 -7- 2.31 This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 5 ο 1 × Staff fee cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Print A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) 0.005 8.97 252 2.40 0.007 8.99 349 2.54 The logarithm of the alkalinity and pH 値 is linear as shown in Figure 3, and the linear correlation coefficient is 0.970. The calcium hardness is shown by the above results. The relationship between the specific electrical conductivity, M alkalinity, and pH 値 can be established as the aforementioned functional relationship. (Experiment example 2) The actual operating conditions of the cooling water tower were simulated, and circulating water samples of cooling water towers with different concentration ratios were taken for the determination of calcium hardness, specific conductivity, M alkalinity, and pH 値. Calculate the relationship between the calcium degree and specific conductivity, M alkalinity and pH 値. Is R 値 greater than 0.95? If yes, it means that the calcium hardness and specific conductivity, M basicity and pH 値 has a functional relationship. Experimental results: Concentrated tap water samples from simulated cooling water towers were taken to analyze the calcium hardness and specific conductivity of circulating water samples with different concentration ratios. The results are as follows: Specific conductivity Ca hardness (pS / cm) [ppm as CaC03] 442 119 714 187 772 193 778 199 841 215 923 240 The linear relationship between calcium hardness and specific conductivity is shown in Figure 4. At the same time, the results of analyzing the alkalinity and pH of each water sample are: pH alkalinity 10s (M alkalinity) -8- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ( (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page)
、1T 5 經濟部中央標準工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（8) A7 B7 [ppm as CaC03] 8.29 81 1.91 8.55 118 2.07 8.56 116 2.06 8.57 119 2.08 8.59 123 2.09 8.60 125 2.10 8.62 127 2.10 8.64 128 2.11 8.66 133 2.12 ^· /t，· w'·- |ypi 晒/j、 vvj its;I 1 w 由圖4、圖5證明實際冷卻水塔濃縮水樣中，鈣硬度 與比導電度、Μ鹼度之對數與pH値皆爲線性關係。因二 由測定比導電度與pH値便可換算如本案前述數學式得到 鈣硬度與Μ鹼度》在實際應用上，只要作出不同水^之鈣 硬度與比導電度，Μ鹼度與ρΗ値之函數關係，便可利用 比導電度、pH値算出鈣硬度與M鹼度値。 综合以上所獲得之M鹼度對數指標（pMAik)，溫度常數 (c)，及鈣硬度對數指標（pCa)，即可代入下列公式計算出 pHs :pHs=pCa+pMAlk+C=f(ji，PH，T) 並且取前述由酸鹼度計所測之pH値與pHs値比較，可求 出飽和指數（SI)，其關係式爲： SI = pH — pHs 經貫驗觀察，當SI値大於零時，水質係傾向沈殿；相對地， 當SI値小於零時，則傾向腐蝕。 如第6圖之運算器所示，前述酸鹼度計、導電度計 (EC)、溫度計甚至氧化還原電位（〇Rp)計等其他儀器所測之1T 5 Printed by the Central Standard Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (8) A7 B7 [ppm as CaC03] 8.29 81 1.91 8.55 118 2.07 8.56 116 2.06 8.57 119 2.08 8.59 123 2.09 8.60 125 2.10 8.62 127 2.10 8.64 128 2.11 8.66 133 2.12 ^ · / t, · w '·-| ypi exposure / j, vvj its; I 1 w From Figures 4 and 5, it is proved that in the actual cooling water tower concentrated water sample, the calcium hardness, specific conductivity, and alkalinity Both the logarithm and pH 値 are linear. Since the specific conductivity and pH 値 can be converted by measuring the specific conductivity and pH 値, the calcium hardness and M alkalinity can be obtained as described in the above mathematical formula. In practical applications, as long as the calcium hardness and specific conductivity of different water ^ are made, the M basicity and ρΗ 値As a function of the relationship, the specific conductivity and pH 碱 can be used to calculate the calcium hardness and M alkalinity 値. Based on the obtained M alkalinity logarithmic index (pMAik), temperature constant (c), and calcium hardness logarithmic index (pCa), pHs can be calculated by substituting the following formula: pHs = pCa + pMAlk + C = f (ji, (PH, T) and comparing the pH 値 and pHs 値 measured by the pH meter, the saturation index (SI) can be obtained, and the relationship is: SI = pH — pHs. Through observation, when SI 値 is greater than zero, The water quality system tends to Shen Dian; on the contrary, when SI 値 is less than zero, it tends to corrode. As shown in the calculator in Figure 6, the pH meter, conductivity meter (EC), thermometer, and even redox potential (〇Rp) meter measured by other instruments
(請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ---------1-II------PI— i m I— I .......1 HI n i m 1^1 In 5(Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) --------- 1-II ------ PI— im I— I ....... 1 HI nim 1 ^ 1 In 5
ο IX 5 經4中央標準局員工消費合作製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（9 ) 値，皆可經多工器由轉換器轉換爲可與中央處理單元匹配 之訊號，透過介面輸入至中央處理單元之微處理器。該中 央處理單元還包括唯讀記憶體、隨機記憶體及位址解碼器 等，彼非本案之主題故不贅述。但前述各常數、設定位及 關係式，可藉由資料操作單元中之操作鍵盤或其他資料輸 入器，預先輸入至中央處理單元中，供水質檢測時自動分 析計算，其結果可由控制單元之顯示器顯示，或在超過管 制所設定之正常値時同時由控制器發出警報，或經由酸鹼 度計、ORP計、溫度計等驅動適合的設備，譬如是定量繁 浦等，即時添加藥劑來改善水質。譬如，第1圖所示，當 飽和指數値（SI)>2時，即控制增加較高濃度或特殊之防垢 藥劑；當該値<〇時，則添加較高濃度或特殊之防蝕藥劑； 當該値在1.0 ± 1之間時爲正常値，則可定期添加一般防 蝕、防垢之藥劑，並使管路内壁形成一保護管壁的結垢薄 層。 利用本發明之方法，可將酸鹼度計、ORP計、導電度 計等與特殊之飽和指數顯示計合併成單一機種，操作方 便、價格便宜且具有附加之功能。本發明並且以函數關係， 應用pH値、比導電度及溫度値等算出鈣硬度、Μ鹼度、 飽和指數等水質控制指標，可提高水質監控之品質及達到 即時控制之效果，對水質監控實有莫大助益。 前述的説明與圖只是在陳明本案較佳的實施例，熟於 此藝者由該實施例可進行一些修飾，但仍應屬於本案的發 明精神領域。本案的權利範圍由以下所附的申請專利範圍 界定之。 -10- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2IOX297公釐）ο IX 5 A7 B7 employee cooperation system of the Central Bureau of Standards V. Invention description (9) 値, can be converted by the multiplexer from the converter to a signal that can be matched with the central processing unit, and input to the central processing unit through the interface Microprocessor. The central processing unit also includes a read-only memory, a random memory, and an address decoder, which are not the subject of this case, so they will not be described in detail. However, the aforementioned constants, setting positions and relational expressions can be input into the central processing unit in advance through the operation keyboard or other data input device in the data operation unit, and the results can be automatically analyzed and calculated when the water quality is detected, and the results can be displayed on the control unit's display. Display, or the alarm will be issued by the controller at the same time when the normal time set by the control is exceeded, or the appropriate equipment is driven by pH meter, ORP meter, thermometer, etc., such as quantitative meter, etc., and real-time addition of chemicals to improve water quality. For example, as shown in Figure 1, when the saturation index 値 (SI) > 2, a higher concentration or a special antiscalant agent is controlled to be added; when the 値 < 〇, a higher concentration or a special anticorrosive agent is added Chemicals; When the concrete is normal between 1.0 ± 1, normal anti-corrosion and anti-fouling agents can be added regularly, and a thin layer of fouling can be formed on the inner wall of the pipeline. By using the method of the present invention, a pH meter, ORP meter, conductivity meter, etc., and a special saturation index display meter can be combined into a single model, which is convenient to operate, inexpensive, and has additional functions. The invention also calculates water quality control indexes such as calcium hardness, M alkalinity, saturation index and the like by using a functional relationship such as pH 値, specific conductivity, and temperature 値, which can improve the quality of water quality monitoring and achieve the effect of real-time control. It will be of great help. The foregoing description and drawings are only preferred embodiments in Chen Ming's case. Those skilled in the art can make some modifications from this embodiment, but should still belong to the spirit of the invention in this case. The scope of rights in this case is defined by the scope of patent application attached below. -10- (Please read the precautions on the reverse side before filling out this page) The size of this paper applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (2IOX297 mm)