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TW323294B
TW323294B TW83109583A TW83109583A TW323294B TW 323294 B TW323294 B TW 323294B TW 83109583 A TW83109583 A TW 83109583A TW 83109583 A TW83109583 A TW 83109583A TW 323294 B TW323294 B TW 323294B
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Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C15/00—Devices for cleaning between the teeth
    • A61C15/04—Dental floss; Floss holders
    • A61C15/041—Dental floss
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/08—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D01F6/12—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons from polymers of fluorinated hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/48—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
    • C08J2327/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/298—Physical dimension
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/3154—Of fluorinated addition polymer from unsaturated monomers

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)

Description

經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 _ 一 B7五、發明説明（1 ) 本發明有關於由聚四氟乙烯（PTFE )所製成而經 過單軸拉伸的模製品其可成形爲一膜，帶，紗或織維，且 有關於其製造的方法。 由於其安定性及其化學惰性，PTFE爲一有價値的 材料。AT — B3 7 0，6 7 4揭示由燒結之PTFE所 製成之經過單軸拉伸的膜其在拉伸方向之强度値爲5 Ο N /mrrf至1 4 ON/mm3之間。這些膜是由先壓縮 P TF E粉末以形成一圓筒形的模製品。然後模製品被燒 結，而膜被剝落，加熱至溫度至少3 2 7 °C並拉伸。 G B - A 2 0 2 5 8 3 5敘述以漿—擠壓方法製造 有孔PTFE模製品，一漿狀組成物含有PTFE粉末及 一潤滑劑（碳氫化合物），被通過鑄模，而潤滑劑以乾燥 去除。然後模製品被加熱至PTFE之結晶融點（3 2 7 °C )以上並在加熱時拉伸。 AT — B3 9 1 ，4 7 3揭示製造由PTFE所製成 之經過單軸拉伸的模製品之方法，一漿狀PTFE組成物 被連績地處理以形成一造形其被導至許多滾简或辊子上並 被加熱及拉伸，造形在施以拉伸前被加熱至3 2 7與 4 5 0 °C之間的一溫度並燒結。此方法可製造由PTFE 之經過單軸拉伸的模製品，在拉伸方向中之强度値爲至少 22CN/tex(500N/mm1)。 已知根據 US— A— 2，8 9 3，1 0 5 及 US— A —2 ，9 3 3 ，1 5 4由矩陣紡絲製成之PTFE多絲紗 及由AT — B—3 4 0，5 6 1之間隙剝落方法所製造者 "(請先吡讀背面之注意事項 裝----- "·寫本頁) 、11 線 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X 297公釐) ^23294 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（2 ) 可被用來製造塡料壓盖之褶線。由AT—B— 3 4 7，0 0 3可更知道如何以PTFE及石墨覆盖這種 紗以改良滑動特性。 又已知由漿擠壓，以PTFE分散劑浸溃及以石蜡油 潤滑之定向但未燒結之膜帶被用來製造塡料壓盖。這些膜 帶在含有石墨塡充物時也可在商業上獲得。 全部道些塡有石墨之產物之缺點爲用來增加滑動特性 之石墨塡充物爲黑色，而使這些產物不能被使用在工業的 某些區域中。另外，這些產物具有高的流動趦勢（冷流） 而自然地增加了磨耗。另一缺點爲經過單軸拉伸而只塡有 石墨的棋製品之强度値小於1 OCN/t ex。 本發明之目棵爲消除道些缺點，加宽PTFE材料之 應用性並提供比一塡有石墨之P T F E模製品更具有光色 及髙强度及低冷流之經單軸拉伸之模製品。應更可製造具 有不同滑動特性之該PTFE模製品。 根據本發明之由聚四氟乙烯（PTFE )所製成之經 單軸拉伸的模製品之特徵爲它含有滑石及/或雲母及/或 耐高溫聚亞胺及/或白粉作爲塡料，且强度値爲至少1 0 CN/t ex而較佳的爲大於1 6CN/t ex。至於在 EP-A— 0 119 185 及 US-A-3，985, 9 3 4中揭示之耐高溫聚亞胺爲特別適合者。 以漿擠壓混合P T F E粉末與該塡料令人驚異地可成 功的處理成例如膜，沈稹道些膜並再拉伸之，雖然有塡料 存在仍可達成非常高的强度値。一未裝塡之PTFE紗（ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(2丨ΟΧ 297公釐) ----- ' (請先M*讀背面之注意事項ί'>Λ寫本頁) 裝· 'ΤΓ 線 A7 B7 經濟邾中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明（3 ) 根據AT — B - 3 7 0，6 4 7製造者）之强度値爲5與 1 5 CN/t ex之間，而根據本發明製造的裝塡之紗强 度値可高至2 5 CN/t ex。根據本發明之模製品可含 有高至4 0 %重量之塡料。斷時抗張强度之降低伴隨著斷 時延伸之降低及抗蟠變之增髙，其爲使用紗爲塡料壓蓋之 密封的一重要特性。 根據本發明之模製品可含有高至4 0 %重量之塡料而 不越過所示之最低强度1 〇CN/t ex。 根據本發明之棋製品之實施例之特徵爲其包含作爲塡 料之滑石及/或雲母及/或耐髙溫聚亞胺於2 0與3 0% 重量之間。此一模製品具有好的滑動特性。根據D I N 5 3 3 7 4所作的測1:顯示由純PTFE所製成之紗具 有動磨擦値（"P)約150 (110 — 200)，具有 石墨爲塡料之紗的値爲5 0與1 0 0之間而具有滑石爲塡 料之根據本發明之紗的値爲3 0與7 0之間。 如果根據本發明之模製品有不大於3 0 %之延伸度， 它極適於作爲用來密封軸（在塡料壓蓋之殻內）的泵中材 料。在以前有石墨塡料的PT F E模製品爲此目的被使用 。這些已知之模製品具有不足的耐蟠變及高磨耗，故在石 墨塡料之情況中因磨損而有黑色由塡料壓蓋之般洩漏而會 弄髒並污染被密封的淺色液體。根據本發明之模製品之實 施例未出現任何這些缺點。 如果根據本發明之模製品被形成爲一紗，它可被用於 製造褶密封。 "(請先M-讀背面之注意事項h 反寫本頁) 裝 訂 線 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（4 ) 根據本發明之棋製品之另一實施例之特徵爲其含有作 爲塡料之白粉至少5%重置。經顔示白粉增加動磨擦p p 爲至少2 0 0，使得材料可逋於使用在褥要高動磨擦之處 0 根據本發明之棋製品之一較佳實施例之特徵爲其只含 有白粉作爲塡料且其爲牙線之形態。經顯示使用根據本發 明的牙線比習知技藝之牙線更能保持牙床。調整白粉之置 後牙線之動磨擦可被改進。實驗顯示含白粉0. 1至15 %重置之牙線特別合逋。 本發明更有關製造根據本發明之棋製品的方法，該方 法之特徵爲合併下面的特點 (a )聚四氟乙烯粉末被混合於滑石及/或雲母及/或一 耐高溫聚亞胺及^/或白粉及一碳氫化合物， (b) 獲得之混合物被形成一預成形品並釋出碳氫化合物 ， (c) 釋出碳氫化合物之預成形品被燒結並於燒結之狀態 被再拉伸。 塡料較佳的是以不超過模製品之4 0 %重量之量被使 用0 預成形品被加熱至溫度至少3 2 7 °C及較佳的爲 3 8 0與4 0 0 °C之間以被燒結。 爲了達成根據本發明之模製品之所示强度値，燒結之 預成形品較佳的是以1 : 5與1 : 2 0之間的比率，較佳 的是1:5與1:15之間被拉伸。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X297公釐) (請先订讀背面之注意事項SK"寫本頁) 裝 線 323294 A7 B7 經濟部中央橾準局員工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明（5 ) 在根據本發明之方法之一特殊實施例中，預成形品爲 一膜其在燒結與拉伸以後被切成帶，而這些帶可以一針滾 筒作嫌維處理。 本發明之較佳實施例以下面的例子作較詳細的說明。 本發明之模製品是使用在AT — B 3 9 1 ，4 7 3中揭示 之燒結與拉伸設備被製造的。 例1 1 0 0份重之商業上可得之Hochst AG之 PTFE粉末Hostaflon TF 2 0 2 9被混合於2 5份滑 石（NaintschA — 3 0)及30份之通常使用於漿擠壓 中之潤滑劑（具沸點1 8 6 — 2 1 4°C之碳氫化合物）並 壓縮爲園简形模製品。這些園简形物被再壓縮爲一束，再 滾成爲一膜並以乾燥釋出潤滑劑。乾燥之膜於3 8 5 °C之 溫度被燒結再以1:7之比率被拉伸。一具有好的滑動特 性及强度21. 3CN/tex於6. 5%延伸度之令人 驚奇的軟膜（30-38 ShoreD)被獲得。 例2 7 0 份之 Hostaflon TF 2 0 2 9 之 PTFE 粉末 被混合於3 0份滑石A - 3 0及3 0份潤滑劑並滾成爲一 膜，以例1中相同的方式乾燥，燒結並拉伸。强度爲 19. 5CN/tex於5. 5%之延伸度。 ，(請先ΚΓ讀背面之注意事項 \寫本頁) 裝 f 線 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4规格(210X297公釐) A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明（6 ) 例3 在例1中敘述之一混合物如例1中相同的方式被處理 爲一膜但於3 9 5 °C被燒結並再以1 : 8_ 5之比率被拉 伸。强度値爲24. 5CN/tex於5%延伸度。然後 膜受到嫌維處理並浸以2 2 %蜡油。 最後的產物爲一多絲紗形態其可直接被處理爲褶線。 石蜡油是作爲潤滑劑的。 例4 1 〇 〇 份之 Algcflon DF 2 0 0 PTFE 粉末（ 製造者：Ausimont S.P.A )被混合於4 7份滑石A-6 0及3 0份潤滑油並處理爲一膜。該膜於3 9 0 °C被燒 結並以1 : 6之比率被拉伸。獲得膜之强度爲1 6 CN/ tex於8%延伸度。 例5 在例4中敘述之一混合物以相同的方式被處理成爲一 膜但於3 9 5 °C被燒並以1 : 7之比率被拉伸。强度爲 17. 5CN/tex於5%之延伸度。在拉伸以後，膜 被再娥維化並浸以2 0 %石蜡油。 例6 7 5 份 Hostaflon TF 2 0 2 9 PTFE 粉末被 混合於2 5份雲母及2 7份潤滑劑並以例1中敘述之相同 本紙張尺度速用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X297公釐) •(請先ΐ?讀背面之注意事項 裝…· · 〜寫本頁) 訂 f 線 323294 A7 B7 五、發明説明（7 ) 方式處理成一膜並拉伸。强度爲1 6 . 5 CN/t e X於 8 . 5 %之延伸度。 例7 1 0 0 份 Algoflon DF 2 0 0 PTFE 粉末被混 合於1 0份白粉及2 5份潤滑劑並處理爲一膜。該膜於 3 9 0 °C被燒結並以1 : 1 3. 5之比率被拉伸而切爲帶 。獲得之带的强度爲26CN/tex於4. 5%之延伸 度。加入白粉後，產物之動摩擦被增加。產物可作爲牙線 (請先^讀背面之注意事項 垃窝本頁) 裝. 1Τ 線 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X297公釐)

Claims (1)

  1. 8888 ABCD
    經濟部中夬揉準扃負工消费合作社印氧 六、申請專利範圍 附件第8 3 1 0 9 5 8 3號專利申請案 中文申請專利範麵修正本 民國8 6年8月修正 ~種由聚四氟乙烯（PTFE)所製成之經單軸 拉伸的棋製品，其含有〇. 1至40 %重董之滑石及/或 S母及/或—耐髙溫聚亞胺及/或白粉作爲塡料，且在拉 伸方向中之强度値爲至少1〇CN/tex。 2 ·如申請專利範園第i項之模製品，其特徽爲它含 有2 0至3 0 %重量之滑石及/或雲母及/或一耐高溫聚 亞胺作爲塡料。 3 如申請專利範圍第1項之棋製品，其特徴爲它含 有至少5%重量之白粉作爲塡料。 4.如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之模製品， 其特徽爲它的延伸度不大於30%。 5 .如申請專利範園第i項之模製品，其特、徵爲它只 含有白粉作爲填料且它爲牙線之形態。 6 如申請專利範圍第5項之模製品，其特徵爲它含 有0. 1至15%重：t之白粉。 7. —種申腈專利範園第1項之模製品的製造方法， 其特徽爲合併下面的特點 (a )聚四氟乙烯被混合於作爲塡料之滑石及/或雲母及 /或一耐髙溫聚亞胺及/或白粉以及一碳氫化合物 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準（CNS ) A4规格（210X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意Ϋ項再填寫本頁)
    4 A8 B8 C8 D8 夂、申請專利範圍 i b )獏得之混合物被形成爲一預成形物並釋出碳氫化合 物， (c )釋出碳氫化合物之預成形物被燒結並於燒結之狀態 再被拉伸， 其中塡料被使用之置爲不超過模製品之4 0 %重置， 且 預成形物被加熱至溫度至少3 27 °p而較佳的爲 3 8 0與4 〇 之間以被燒結。 8 .如申請專利範圍第7項之方法，其特徵爲燒結之 預成形物以1 : 5與1 : 2 0之間的比率而較佳的爲1 : 5與1 : 1 5之間被拉伸。 9.如申請專利範園第7項之方法，其特徵爲預成形 物爲一膜其在被燒結與拉伸以後被切成爲帶。 1 0.如申請專利範園第9項之方法，其特徵爲燒結 與拉伸之帶受到一織維化處理。 Ji—,*---^—(装— (請先閲讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貞工消费合作社印装 本紙張尺度適用中國國家橾率（CNS)A4规格（210x297公釐J 2 -
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US5804290A (en) 1998-09-08
BR9406468A (pt) 1996-01-23
KR100330805B1 (ko) 2002-11-22
RU95115559A (ru) 1997-06-10
CN1117299A (zh) 1996-02-21
ATA222193A (de) 1994-12-15
DE59408419D1 (de) 1999-07-22
EP0677120A1 (de) 1995-10-18
CN1065929C (zh) 2001-05-16
RU2135531C1 (ru) 1999-08-27
EP0677120B1 (de) 1999-06-16
AT399882B (de) 1995-08-25
JPH08505430A (ja) 1996-06-11
KR960700364A (ko) 1996-01-20
WO1995012698A1 (de) 1995-05-11
ATE181377T1 (de) 1999-07-15

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