TW203098B - - Google Patents
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- TW203098B TW203098B TW081107432A TW81107432A TW203098B TW 203098 B TW203098 B TW 203098B TW 081107432 A TW081107432 A TW 081107432A TW 81107432 A TW81107432 A TW 81107432A TW 203098 B TW203098 B TW 203098B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- lubricating oil
- compounds
- oil composition
- chemical formula
- Prior art date
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- -1 amine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002483 hydrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 101100167667 Arabidopsis thaliana CML24 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003301 Ceiba pentandra Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000146553 Ceiba pentandra Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000252234 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Species 0.000 claims 1
- LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N americium atom Chemical group [Am] LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010428 oil painting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 31
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 28
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 28
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 20
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229940070721 polyacrylate Drugs 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical class N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- LBSJFUFSEQQYFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8,8-diphenyloctyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CCCCCCCOP(O)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LBSJFUFSEQQYFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010722 industrial gear oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KKUKTXOBAWVSHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylphosphate Chemical compound COP(O)(=O)OC KKUKTXOBAWVSHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- GLOQRSIADGSLRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl diphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OCCCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 GLOQRSIADGSLRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N n'-amino-n-iminomethanimidamide Chemical compound N\N=C\N=N VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N renifolin D Natural products CC(=C)[C@@H]1Cc2c(O)c(O)ccc2[C@H]1CC(=O)c3ccc(O)cc3O BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 5
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenyl glycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COC1=CC=CC=C1 FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 4
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- NMAKPIATXQEXBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N didecyl phenyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 NMAKPIATXQEXBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NZXGQSGKXLTAIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](=O)OC NZXGQSGKXLTAIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000007519 polyprotic acids Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Didodecyl thiobispropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003508 Dilauryl thiodipropionate Substances 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical class OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000012839 conversion disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019304 dilauryl thiodipropionate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate group Chemical group [N+](=O)([O-])[O-] NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IIGMITQLXAGZTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl octadecanoate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC IIGMITQLXAGZTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical group CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KEVMYFLMMDUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,7-dimethyloctane Chemical group CC(C)CCCCC(C)C KEVMYFLMMDUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical group COCCOCCO SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical group CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCFKURIJYIJNRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(C)CO LCFKURIJYIJNRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003229 2-methylhexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- HXIQYSLFEXIOAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-5-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1SC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C1C HXIQYSLFEXIOAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UJAWGGOCYUPCPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-n-[4-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)phenyl]aniline Chemical compound C=1C=C(NC=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C)(C)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 UJAWGGOCYUPCPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 239000004322 Butylated hydroxytoluene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101150041968 CDC13 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical class Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000227633 Ocotea pretiosa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004263 Ocotea pretiosa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl gallate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940095259 butylated hydroxytoluene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AUZONCFQVSMFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfiram Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CC)CC AUZONCFQVSMFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004491 isohexyl group Chemical group C(CCC(C)C)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000346 malonyl group Chemical group C(CC(=O)*)(=O)* 0.000 description 2
- CETWDUZRCINIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-n-amyl-carbinol Natural products CCCCCC(C)O CETWDUZRCINIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- LVEOKSIILWWVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl 3-(3-oxo-3-tetradecoxypropyl)sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCC LVEOKSIILWWVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GWIKYPMLNBTJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiosulfonate group Chemical group S(=S)(=O)[O-] GWIKYPMLNBTJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical group COCCOCCOCCO JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOQNJVLFFRMJTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCC QOQNJVLFFRMJTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEDNBHNWMHJNAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(8-methylnonyl) phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCC(C)C)OCCCCCCCC(C)C QEDNBHNWMHJNAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- RKQOSDAEEGPRER-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc diethyldithiocarbamate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCN(CC)C([S-])=S.CCN(CC)C([S-])=S RKQOSDAEEGPRER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KMNUDJAXRXUZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;n-ethyl-n-phenylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCN(C([S-])=S)C1=CC=CC=C1.CCN(C([S-])=S)C1=CC=CC=C1 KMNUDJAXRXUZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
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- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/48—Esters of carbonic acid
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- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
- C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
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- C10M107/36—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose
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- C10M135/26—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof
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- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
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- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
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LuJObi 五、發明説明(1 ) 發明之齟園 本發明俗藺於潤滑油組成物。更詳細地説,本發明侏 ,關於具有優良的潤滑性質,洗淨性及電絶縲性質之澗 滑油組成物,其可被用來做為工業齒輸油,汽車用機油 ,汽車用齒輪油,冷凍機的潤滑油,軋鋼機的澗滑油以 及紡鏃工業用的潤滑油,然而對於這些油的潤滑性質及 洗淨性如今乃較以往邇更鼹格要求。明確地說,本發明 係關於最適合做為冷凍機用的潤滑油組成物,其中的冷 凍_乃使用氫化的碩戴化合物(HFC),氫化的氛氣硪化 合物(HCFC)或者是其混合物。 發明之背景 潤滑油乃包括,例如,工業齒輪油,機油,冷凍機用 的潤滑油,紡鏃工業用的潤滑油以及軋綱機用的潤滑油 0 最近,該工業齒輪油已被要求在較高溫度範_時仍保 有潤滑性質及洗淨力,即基於周圍的狀況對於所使用之 多種工業機械已有更駸格的要求。特別是在烘乾塗料過 程中或烘焙食物過程中,這些油已被要求具有較高性能 的潤滑性質及洗淨力。在這些領域方面,已習用的潤滑 油有合成的烴類,羧酸酯類或乙二醇類。 然而,合成的烴類油和羧酸酯類油有一些間題即它們 在潤滑性質上的不足使得它們在高溫時無法具有潤滑油 的功能,因為經長時間加熱之後它們會産生硪化。另一 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(21ίι X 297公釐) ----------------^ ------------訂 (請先間"背面之注念事項再填寫冬項) 》, 經濟部中央標準局β工消费合作社印" 81.9.20,000 ΛΓ) _Ηίι 五、發明説明() 方面,乙二酵類的潤滑油有其優點即不管在經長時間加 熱之後它們仍是很難被硪化的,但是它們在潤滑性質上 仍是不足的且具有高源度吸收性質(吸漉性),因此造 些油乃需要改良其潤滑性質及抗吸湄性。 而機油已被要求在較离溫下經長時間後需具有潤滑性 質及洗淨一分散性質,依照增進汽車用引擎性能而定。 為了應允這些要求而使用添加_的案例中,該添加_需 大置使用,因此造成一種多凝乳的(似蛋黃醬的)泥漿 沈澱。此外,共同使用合成烴類油或羧酸酯類油及礦物 油做為基油已被習用。然而,所獲得之機油在高溫下長 期使用時其潤滑性質和洗淨二分散性質是不足的。 與上述所提汽車引擎即,四程循琛引擎用潤滑油,不 同的二程循環引擎的潤滑油是被加至汽油中並使其在二 程循環引擎中燃燒,因此對於二程循環引擎用的潤滑油 而言其洗淨力是特別地重要。翻於二程循琛引擎的潤滑 油,迄今常使用蓖麻油,聚丁烯,等等,但是它們在潤 滑性質及洗淨力上仍是不足的。 . 汽車用齒輪油,恃別是關於A T F的齒輪油,乃需要減 低其磨檫僳數並減少磨擦傜數随時間的變化。因此,一 種耐磨擦劑或調節磨檫劑己常被用來添加並降低其磨擦 傜數。然而,含有這些添加劑的汽車用齒輪油卻具有一 個問題即在使用過程中其磨擦偽數會變大。 關於纺鏃工業方面的潤滑油,迄今已使用的有羧酸酯 -4- 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(2川X 297 H ) -—裝· 訂. 經漓部中央標準局工消費合作社印纪 81.9.20,000 0 JU; 經濟部中央標準局員工消#合作社印1衣 ΛΓ) ΗΓ) 五、發明説明(了) 類或乙二醇類,但它們的潤》性質及洗淨力郤不盡令人 滿意。 而醑於軋鋼機的潤滑油,含有牛油為主要成份者己被 習用。造類潤滑油可展現良好的潤滑性質及優良的滾動 效率。然而,這些油的洗淨力卻是非常低劣,以致於冲 洗除去殘餘牛油的步驟是必需的。又,做為軋網機的潤 滑油也可使用羧酸酯類,但是燼管它們具有非常優良的 洗淨力,由於這些油展現不良的澗滑性質,故導致實用 性不佳。 雖然冷凍機用冷凍氣體改用為對於奧氣層並仕任何破 壞之R-134a(CH2 F-CF3 ),但由於迄今已被使用作為冷 凍機用潤滑油之礦物油或烷苯化合物,其與冷凍氣體不 相容,故變為不能使用。因此,乙二酵《類的潤》油現 今已被開發做為使用上述所提冷凍氣體之冷凍機的潤滑 油。 例如,在美國專利第4,755,316宇號中掲示一種用於 壓縮冷凍機的組成物其含有四氣乙烷和聚氣烷撐二酵其 分子量為300至2,000而在37υ時的動黏度約為25至150 c S t 〇 然而,前已指出乙二醇醚類的潤滑油有些缺點即通常 是熱穩定性不足及高吸濕性,此外它可收縮橡醪封閉物 質如NBR而增加其硬度。 關於汽車用空調冷凍機中,近年來常使用一種中間葉 -5- 本紙張又茂適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲*3規格(210 X 297公梦) 81.9.20,000 丨裝—----訂-----(·ν (請先閲沽背面之注念事項再塡寫恭寅)/ ,0 ΛΓ. 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印- 五、發明説明(4 ) 輪型的旋轉壓縮機其可使《缩檐的尺寸變小並可壜加其 功率。對於中間蕖輪型旋轉壓缩檐的潤滑油,其要求具 有离黏度性質乃更甚於其封閉性質及耐摩擦性。然而, 當具有乙二酵醚結構之化合物增加其分子量至具有髙黏 度時,其與不會破羝奥氣層的R-134a之間的相容性通常 會降低,因此從結構的觀點來看逭類化合物並無法被使 用。 此外,所謂”多元酵酯”和”受阻酯”的羧酸酯類潤 滑油近來已被開發做為冷凍機用潤滑油,該冷凍機乃使 用不會破壊奧氣靥的氫化硪《化合物(HFC)做為冷凍蘭 。然而,這些潤滑油被水解或熱分解以産生羧酸,且所 産生的羧酸會造成腐蝕及磨蝕金颶的現象或者是在冷凍 機中的鍍銅現象。因此,在使用上述潤»油之例子中, 該冷凍機的耐久力即成為一大問題。此外,由水解作用 或熱分解所産生之部份羧酸在經嚴重使用狀況下可更進 一步的被分解而産生二氣化磺氣黼。埴種二氣化硪氣鼸 在一般的冷凍機条统中並無冷凝的性質,該冷凍機条統 其中乃使用硪氟化合物,氯氟硪化合物或其氫化的産物 做為冷凍劑,因此會降低冷凍效率及在壓縮步驟中引發 溫度的上升c 該不會破壞奥氣層的氫化硪氣化合物(HFC)具_例也 包括R-152a以及前述的R-134a。氫化的氮氣硪化合物 (HCFC)也可被用來做為冷凍_,其對奥氣層具有少許的 -6- (請先閲治背面之注^事項再塡寫f ) 丨裝‘ I11. i·· 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公楚) 81.9.20,000 ,030:, M、 ΗΓ. 五、發明説明(5 ) 破壊力,而此氫化的氛氣硪化合物具體例包括,如 R-122, R-123,和R-124。适些氫化的氯氣磺化合物可 被單獨使用或與氳化的硪氱化合物(HFC) —起組合使用 0 本發明者乃熱心研究為了《得具有優良的潤滑性質, 洗淨力,電絶綠性質及能與氫化的硪氟化合物(HFC)和 氫化的氣氟化合物(HCFC)兩者相容,而且更可避免産生 羧酸和二氧化硪氣體的潤滑油,結果,本發明者已發現 該具有以上所述多種優異性質的潤滑油組成物可自摻合 一種特殊的聚硪酸酯與至少一種化合物是灌自包括特定 量的環氣化合物,酚化合物,硫化合物和胺化合物而獲 得,或者是藉由摻合衍自於糖類的一種特殊聚硪酸酯以 及特定量的亞磷酸二酯化合物而«得,9外這些潤滑油 組成物己由本發明完成之。 發明夕曰的 本發明乃企圖解決一些先前技藝所遭遇到的如上述問 題,以及本發明之目的乃在於提供一些潤滑油組成物其 具有優良的潤滑性質,洗淨力,霉絶緣性質且能與氫化 的碩氟化合物(HFC)和氫化的氮氟硪化合物(HCFC)兩者 相容,以及能避免産生羧酸和二氣化硪氣體。 更詳細地說,本發明之目的乃為提供一些潤滑油組成 物可順利地被用來做為冷凍機的潤滑油,該冷凍機乃使 用不會破壊臭氣層的氫化硪氣化合物(HFC)做為冷凍劑 -7 - 本紙張尺度適用中围國家標準((:NS)甲4規格(210 X 297公發) .裝. .ΤΓ. 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印3-fi. 81.9.20,000 ,030ί A(i 經濟部中央標準局tR工消费合作杜印奴 五、發明説明(6 ) ,例如汽車用空調器。 赶明:> 概g 根據本發明的第一種潤滑油組成物,其包含: (1) 100份重量的以下列化學式[I]所示之聚硪酸酯 « (2) 0.0001至5份重置的選自(a)琛氣化合物,(b) 粉化合物,U)硫化合物,和(d)胺化合物之至少一種 化合物;以及 (3) 0至5份重量的(e)亞璀酸三酯化合物及/或(f) 磷酸三酯化合物, R 1 0C00 [ (R 2 0)p COO] n R a [ I ] 上述化學式[I]中的,Ri,R3可分別為具30或較少 硪原子的烴基或者是含«鍵及具2-30個硪原子的烴基, R2為含2-24個硪原子的伸烷基,ρ為1至100的整數,而 η是1至10的整數。 根據本發明的第二種潤滑油組成物,其包括: (1) 100份重量的以下列化學式[H]所示之聚碩酸酯 9 (2) 0.0002至5份重量的(e)亞磷酸三酯化合物;及 (3) 0至5份重量的選自(f)磷酸三酯化合物,(a) 環氣化合物,和(b)酚化合物之至少一種化合物。
Su-0-R [I 1 上述化學式[Π]中的,Su是指如下列化學式(A>所示 -8- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(2U1 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 —裝——----訂-----ί,ί (請^閲八.!!'背面之;±*事喟再塡寫本,買)-. 編 Λ 6 ΒΓ. 五、發明説明(7 ) 的基匾,而R則是選自由下列化學式(B), (C), (D), (E)與(F)所代表的基黼6 [CH2(0R4) ]CH[CH(0R„) ]3CH- (A) I--〇 - [CH2 (OR4) ]CH[CH (OR4) ]2C[CH2 (OR4) ]- (B) L_〇_i [CH2 (OR4) ]CH-0- [CH(OR4) ]3CH- (〇 CH(〇R4) [CH(〇R4) ]3chch2- (d) f—0——I -(C3H60)nC00R5 (E) -(C3H60)n(C2H40)pC00R5 (F) (請恕閲汸背面之注*事項再塡寫*"頁) i裝. 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印" 在上述化學式(A), (B) , (C)與(D)中的,R 4是以上 述之化學式(E)或(F)來表示之。 在上述化學式(E)和(F)中的,Rs為含30或較少硝原 子的烴基或者是含醚鍵及具2-30値硪原子的烴基,而η 和Ρ則各為1至1 2的整數。 根據本發明之第三種潤滑油組成物,其包括: (1) 100份重量的以下列化學式[孤]所示之聚硪酸酿 (2) 0.0002至5份重量的(e)亞磷酸三酯化合物;以 及 -9- 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公梦) 81.9.20,000 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 ________ 五、發明説明(8 ) (3) 0至5份重量的灌自(f)磷酸三酯化合物,(a) 環《化合物,(b)酚化合物之至少一種化合物。 (R 4 0 ) CH 2 [CH (OR 4 ) ] m CH 2 (OR 4 ) [® ] 在上述化學式[B ]中的,R4乃如下列化學式(E)或 (F)來表示之基鼷,而!η則是1至6的整數。 -(C a He 0)n C00R 5 (E) -(C a He 0)n (C 2 H 4 0)p C00R 5 (F) 上述化學式(E)和(F)中的,Rs為含30或較少硪原子 的烴基或者是含醚鍵及具2-30値硪原子的烴基,以及η 和Ρ各為1至12的整數。 根據本發明的第一至第三種潤滑油組成物(依本發明 有時乃簡稱為”潤滑油組成物”)為具有優良的澗滑性質 ,洗淨力和電絶緣性質,而在低溫時,其黏度較磷物油 及酯類潤滑油者為更容易地降低。因此,根據本發明的 潤滑油組成物可廣泛地被使用做為工業齒輪油,汽車用 機油,汽車用齒輪油,冷凍機如汽車用空調器和電冰箱 用潤滑油,紡嫌工業用潤滑油,軋銷機用潤滑油等。 此外,根據本發明的澗滑油組成物不僅具有上述優良 的性質,也具有與不會破壊臭氣層性質的氫化硪氣化合 物(HFC)的相容性以及與對奥氣層有少許破壊力的氫化 氣氟硪化合物(HCFC)有相容性。因此,根據本發明之潤 滑油組成物可被用來做為冷凍機的潤滑油,該冷凍機乃 使用單獨的氫化産物或綜合的氫化産物做為冷凍劑。 -10- 本紙張/L度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公楚:) 81.9.20 000 -----------------{------裝——----·玎------ί (請先閲請背面之注念事項再填寫本喷) . 經漓部中央標準局員工消費合作社印纪 ΛΓ, ___ Η(;_ 五、發明説明(9 ) 根據本發明之潤滑油組成物可包含前述之氫化硪《化 合物(HFC)和氫化氯《磺化合物(HCFC)及它們的混合物 ,而逭類含有上述成份之潤》油組成物也可被用來做為 冷凍機如汽車用的空諏器和霣冰箱的澗》油。 發明^詳沭 關於根據本發明之潤滑油組成物將於此做更詳細的説 明。 本發明的第一種潤滑油組成物為含有以化學式[I ]表 示之聚磺酸酯和至少一種化合物是選自包括(a)琛氣化 合物,(b)酚化合物,(c)硫化合物及(d)胺化合物。 第一種潤滑油組成物除了上述之成份外也含(e)亞磷酸 三酯化合物和(f)磷酸三酯化合物。 本發明的第二種潤滑油組成物為含有以化學式[Π ]表 示之聚碩酸酯和(e)亞磷酸三酯化合物,而本發明的第 三種潤滑油組成物為含有以化學式[H ]所表示之聚磺酸 酯和(e)亞磷酸三酯化合物。在一些實例中,本發明之 第二和第三種潤滑油組成物除了上述成份外也含至少一 種化合物是選自包括(f)磷酸三酯化合物,(a)琛氣化 合物和(b )酚化合物。 本發明之潤滑油組成物的每一個成份將詳細解説如下 Ο 聚硪酸_鹿_ 在本發明的第一種潤滑油組成物中所使用做為潤》基 -1 1 - 本紙張义度適用中國阀家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 -----------------ί------裝丨—----、玎 (請先間治背面之注*事項再塡寫本?10 -. 經濟部中央標準局工消费合作杜印製 ___ _πη_ 五、發明説明(U)) 油的聚硪酸酯是以化學式[I ]表示之: R 1 0C00 [ (R 2 〇)p COO]n R a [ I ] 在上述化學式[I]中的,1{1和1^3可分別為含30或較 少硪原子的《基或者是含醚鍵及具2-30個硪原子的烴基 〇 IU和卩3之具饈例為包括: 脂肪族的烴基諸如甲基,乙基,正一丙基,異丙基, 正一 丁基,異丁基,第二一丁基,第三一丁基,戊基, 異戊基,新戊基,正一己基,1,3 -二甲基丁基,2,3 — 二甲基丁基,異己基,正一庚基,異庚基,3 —甲基己 基,正一辛基,2—乙基己基,異辛基,正一壬基,異 壬基,正一癸基,異癸基,正一十一基,異十一基,正 一十二基,異十二基,正一十三基,異十三基,正一十 四基,異十四基,正-十五基,異十五基,正一十六基 ,異十六基,正一十七基,異十七基,正一十八基,異 十八基,正一十九基,異十九基,正一二十基,異二十 基,2 —乙基己基和2— (4 一甲基戊基); 脂璨烴基例如環己基,1-環己烯基,甲基環己基, 二甲基環己基,十氫化萘基和三琛癸基; 芳族烴基例如苯基,鄰—甲苯基,對—甲苯基,間一 甲苯基,2,4—二甲苯基,某基和1—萊基; 芳族脂肪族烴基例如苄基,甲苄基,/9 —苯乙基(苯 乙基),1—苯乙基,1—甲基一〗一苯乙基,對一甲苄 -1 2- 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297 乂梦) 81.9.20,000 -----------------ί------裝-----ΪΤ ί請先閲讀背面之注意事項再蜞寫本获) -- 0 Λ(\ ΒΓ. 五、發明説明(1L) 基,苯乙烯基和桂皮基;而 (請也閱-背面之注念事項再塡寫本贺) 以通式- (R6-0)q-R7表示之,乙二酵釀基諸如乙二 酵單甲醚基,乙二酵單丁醚基,二乙二酵單-正-丁醚基 ,三乙二酵單乙醚基,丙二酵單甲釀基,丙二酵單丁醚 基,二丙二酵單乙醚基和三丙二酵單-正-丁醚基。 在上述化學式- (R6 -0)q -R7中的,R6為具2-3値磺 原子的伸烷基。逭類伸烷基的具釀例子包括有伸乙基. 伸丙基和三伸甲基。R7為具28或較少的硪原子之脂肪 族,脂環族或芳族烴基,造類《基的具腰例子包括與上 述化學式[I]中所舉例之1?1和1?3相同之基圑。q則是 1至20的整數。 上述化學式[I]中的,R2為具2-24個硪原子的伸烷 基。這類伸烷基的具龌例子包括伸乙基,伸丙基,伸丁 基,伸戊基,甲基伸戊基,乙基伸戊基,伸己基,甲基 伸己基,乙基伸己基,伸辛基,伸壬撐基,伸癸基,伸 十二基及伸十四基。 在化學式[I]中的,P為1至100的整數,而η則是 1至10的整數。 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印- 當使用上述化學式[I ]的聚硪酸酯做為冷凍機中的潤 滑油組成物時(該冷凍機乃使用不會破壊奥氣層的氳化 碩氟化合物例如R-134a做為冷凍劑),化學式[I]中的 Ri較好是烷基例如正-丁基,異丁基,異戊基,琛己基 ,異庚基,3 -甲基乙基,1,3-二甲基丁基,己基.辛基 -13- 81.9.20,000 本紙張&度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐)
Afi ΗΓ. 五、發明説明(L2 ) (請先間汸背面之注念事項再填寫本") 和2 -乙基己基;或者是烷掙二酵單烷基醚基例如乙二酵 單甲醚基,乙二酵單丁醚基,二乙二酵單甲醚基.三乙 二酵單甲醚基,丙二酵單甲醮基,丙二酵單丁醚基,二 丙二酵單乙醚基和三丙二酵單-正-丁醚基。 以化學式[I ]所示的聚硪酸酯例子為如下。 (1) RjOCOO-CHjCHjCH (CH3) CH2CH2-0C00R3 (2) RiOCOO-CHjCH (CH3) (CH2) 6-〇COOR3 (3) R10C00-(CH2)5-0C00R3 (4 ) RxOCOO- (CH2) 6-0C00R3 (5) R^COO- (CH2) 9-OCOOR3 (6) RiOCOO-(CH2) 10-〇COOR3 上述化學式(1)至(6)中的,R i和R 3為與前述化學 式[I ]中的Ri和R3相同的基圃。 根據本發明的第二和第三種潤滑油組成物,使用作為 潤滑基油之聚磺酸酯,分別以下列化學式[Π ]和化學式 [1Π ]來表不之〇 以下列化學式[H ]所表示的聚硪酸酯包括蔗糖類的聚 硪酸酯,除蔗糖以外之低聚醣類的聚硪酸酯及單醣類的 聚硪酸酯。
Su-0 -R [ I ] 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印" 在上述化學式[I]中的,Su乃以化學式(A)來表示之 ,而R刖是選自下列化學式(B ) , ( C ) , ( D ) , ( E )和(F ) 的基團。 -14- 本紙張又茂適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4规格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000
Af) RC, 五、發明説明(L3) [CH2 (0R4) ]CH[CH (0R4) ]3ch-I I -0 - [CH2(OR4) ]CH[CH(OR4) ]2C[CH2(OR4)] -o- [CH2 (0R4) ]CH-〇- [CH(OR4) ]3ch- (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) (諳先閲讀背面之注悉事項再塡寫冬為) 經漓部中央標準局β工消t合作社印" CH(〇R4) [ch(〇r4) ]3CHCH2- I_____〇I ~(C3H60)nC00R5 -(C3H60)n(C2H40)pC00R5 在上述化學式(A), (B), (C)和(D)中的,R4乃以上 述化學式(E)或(F)來表示。 而在上述化學式(E)和(P)中的,Rs是含30或較少硪 原子的烴基或者是含醚鍵和具2-30個磺原子的烴基,而 η和P各為1至12的整數。 以下列化學式[I ]所示之聚硪酸酯乃為衍自於不具琢 狀結構的糖類之聚磺酸酯: (R 4 0)CH 2 [CH(0R4 )]mCH2 (〇R4 ) [ m ] 在上述化學式[Μ]中的,R4乃以上述化學式(E)或 (F)表示,而m則是1至6的整數。 本發明中,在化學式(F)中的n對;> 比率(η/p)為0.5 至20,而較好的是1至10,更好的是2至5 。 化學式(E)和(F)中的R s所示之烴基例子乃包括脂 -1 5 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公楚) 81.9.20,000 k,G:i〇C8 八(; ΗΓ. 經滴部中央標準局員工消費合作社印" 五、發明説明(14 ) 肪族烴基,脂琢族烀基,芳族烴基,芳族脂肪族«基, 和以通式-u8 -0)q -R9表示的乙二酵醚基(其中R8與 上述R6具有相同的意義為含2-3個磺原子的伸烷基; R9則與上述R7具有相同意義為含28或較少硪原子的烴 基;而為1至20的整數>。 R5所示烴基之具龌例子包括與化學式[I ]中Ri和 R3所舉列者相同的烴基。 當使用的前述化學式[I ]或[I ]所表示之聚硪酸酯做 為冷凍機的潤滑油組成物時(該冷凍機為使用不會破壞 臭氣層的氫化硪氣化物如R-134a做為冷凍劑).上述化 學式(E)或(F)中的Rs較好是低烷基例如甲基,乙基, 異丙基和正-丁基;或者是烷撐二酵單烷基醚基例如乙 二醇單甲醮基,乙二醇單丁醚基,二乙二酵單甲醚基, 三乙二醇單甲_基,丙二醇單甲醚基,丙二醇單丁鰱基 ,二丙二醇單乙醚基和三丙二醇單-正-丁醚基。 以化學式[H ]所表示之聚碩酸酯例子如下: (1) * CH2(OR) I tCH2 (OR) ]CH[CH(OR) ]3CH-〇-C[CH (OR) ] 2CH[CH〇(OR)]I—0—J !—〇—l 上述化學式中的R為:-[CH2CH(CH3)0]nC00CH3 [η = 1 - 3] -16- 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 ί請先閲-背面之注念事項再塡寫4fi) .裝· *π. 五、· 發明説明(1.5 ) (2)
CH2(OR) I Λ<; i CH2 (OR) J CH [CH (OR) ] 3CH-0-C [CH (OR) ] 2CH [CH2 (OR)]
O
O lilj 之 注 上述化學式中的R為:-[CH2CH (CH3) O] nCOOCH2CH (C2H5) - (CH2) 3CH3 [n = 1.0 - 3.0] (3)CH2(OR) I [CH2(OR) ]CH[CH(OR) ]3CH-0-C[CH(OR) ] 2CH[CH2(OR)]I I · I I *-0 -1 1- 0-上述化學式中的 R 為:-[CH2CH(CH3>0]nC00CH(CH3>2 [η = 1 - 3] (4)[CH2(〇R)]CH[CH(OR)]3CH-0-CH[CH(0R)]3〇CH[CH2(OR)] i一。」I_I上述化學式中的R為:-[CH2CH<CH3)0]nC00CH3 [η = 1 - 3] (5)[CH2(OR)]CH[CH(OR)]3CH-〇-CH[CH(OR)}3〇CH[CH2(OR)]
Jf) 塡 % 太 € 裝 訂 0 i 經濟部中央標準局員工消#合作杜印« 上述化學式中的R為: -[CH2CH (CH3> O] nCOOCH2CH (C2H5) - <CH2> 3CH3 [n = 1.0 - 3.0] · (6) [CH2(OR)】CH[CH(OR) ]3CH-〇-CH[CH(OR)】3〇CH[CH2(OR> 】 0
L 上述化學式中的 R 為:-[CH2CH(CH3>0]nC00CH(CH3) -17- 本紙張又度適用中围國家樣準(CNS)子Η見格(2U) X 21)7 H ) 81.9,20,000 五、發明説明(lfc (7)
Afi Hii [η β 1 - 3} [CH2(OR)]CH[CH (OR) ]3CH-0-CH2CH[CH(OR) ]3CH(OR) i \ wR) ] 3Co-丨 ^-0 -- 上述化學式中的R為:-[CH2CH(CH3>0]nC00CH3[η = 1 - 3](8) [CH2(OR)]CH[CH(OR)]3CH-0-CH2CH[CH(0R)]3CH(OR) •I-o —I I— 0 —— 上述化學式中的R為: -[CH2CH (CH3) O] nCOOCH2CH (C2H5) - (CH2) 3CH3 [n = 1.0 - 3.0] 丄 丨裝- (9) [CH2 (OR) ] CH [CH (OR) ] 3CH-0-CH2CH [CH (OR) ] 3CH (OR)!—0—I L_〇J上述化學式中的 R 為:-[CH2CH(CH3)0]nCOOCH(CH3)2[η = 1 - 3](10) [CH2 (OR) ] CH [CH (OR) ] 3CH-0-R !——〇」 上述化學式中的1^為:-[CH2CH (CH3)0]nC00CH3 訂· 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作杜印製 [η = 1 - 3] (11) [CH,(OR) ]CH[CH (OR) ]3CH-O-RL0」上述化學式中的R為: [CH2CH (CH3> 〇] nC〇〇CH2CH (C2H5) - (CH?) 3CH3 •~1C— 本紙張又度適用中國因家標準(CNS) 规格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 經濟部中央標準局R工消費合作社印製 五,發明説明(17)[η - 1.0 - 3.0] (12) [CH2(OR)]CH[CH(OR) ] 3CH-〇-RL_0」 上述化學式中的 R 為:-[CH2CH(CH3)0]nC00CH(CH3)2 [η = 1 - 3] (13) [CH2(OR)]CH[CH (OR)]3CH-〇-RI—0」上述化學式中的 R 為:-[CH2CH(CH3)0]n<C2H40>C00CH3 [η = 1 - 3] (14) [CH2(OR) ]CH[CH(OR) ] 3CH-0-Ri ! -〇--上述化學式中的R為: -[CH2CH (CH3) O] n (C2H40) COOCH2CH (C2H5) - (CH2) 3CH3 [n = 1.0 - 3.0] (15) [CH2(OR) ]CH[CH <OR) } 3CH-〇-R! ;J——〇—!上述化學式中的R、為: -[ch2ch (ch3) o] n (C2H40) COOCH (ch3) 2 [n = 1 - 3] ·以化學式[® ]所表示之聚砍酸酯例子如下·· -19- 本紙张尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 ------------------r------裝——----·玎 <請先閲νίν背面之注&事項再填寫太费)· · ,oa〇i: A(i HC. 五、發明説明(18 ⑴ ch2orI RO-C-HI H-C-ORI RO-C-H I RO-C-H I ch2or上述化學式中的 為 -[CH2CH (CH3) O] nCOOCH3 [n = 1 - 3] (2)
ch2orI RO-C-H
H-C-OR
RO-C-H
H-C-OR CH2OR上述化學式中的R為: [CH2CH (CH3) O] nCOOCH (CH3) 2 [n = 1 - 3] -----------------{------裝-------訂------f (請先閱讀背面之注*事項再塡寫本费) -. (3) 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 ch2orI RO-C-HI H-C-OR RO-C-H I RO-C-H I ch2or上述化學式中的 為 [CH2CH (CH3) 0] n (C2H40) cooch3 [n = 1 - 3] 20- 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 Λ「) ___BG_ 五、發明説明(19 ) (請先閲-背面之注6事項再蟥_"本?1) (4) ch2or
I
RO-C-H I
H-C-OR
I
RO-C-H
I
H-C-OR
I ch2or 上述化學式中的R為: -[CH2CH (CH3) O] n (C2H4〇) COOCH (CH3) 7 [n = 1 - 3] 聚碰酴酯的脚法 以前述之化學式[I], [e]和[m]所表示之聚硪酸酯 可以藉由下述第一和第二方法來製配。 (1) 一方法包括於鹹性催化劑之存在下,將二酵(或 多元醇)和硪酸酯化合物予以加熱而使彼此産生反應直 至轉化率達到不低於95J;,同時自反應条統皤出所産生 的醇,再除去齡性催化劑,並自反應糸統餾出未反應的 碩酸酯化合物,而製成一種聚硪酸酯。 (2) 此法包括於鹼性催化劑之存在下,將二酵(或多 元醇),單乙酵和硪酸酯化合物予以加熱使彼此反應直 至轉化率逹到不低於95¾ ,同時自反應条統中皤出所産 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印纪 生的醇,再除去齡性催化劑,並自反應条統皤出未反應 的磺酸酯化合物和一種在最後階段反時無法沈澱出的 硪酸酯化合物,因而製得一種聚磺酸酯。 聚硪酸酯的第一種製法在此後將詳細説明。 -2 1 - 81.9.20,000 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(21() X 2卯父變) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 祕ο
Afi ___ _Hi;_ 五、發明説明(20 ) 在第一步驟中,將(a)以後述化學式[汉]所展示之二 酵或者是以後述化學式[V]或[VI]表示之多元酵,和 (b)以化學式[νπ]或[VI]表示之硪酸酯化合物在存有_ 性催化劑中加熱而使彼此反應直至轉化率達到不低於 95» ,同時自反醮糸統中皤出所産生之酵類(RiOH, R 3 OH或 R 5 OH) 〇 R 1 0C00R 1 或 R 3 0C00R 3 [VI ] 其中Ri和1?3與前述化學式[I ]中的Ri和R3有相同意 義。 在使用該硪酸酯化合物之實例中,Ri 〇}1或R 3 0H的沸 點乃低於上述之二醇,而》:L/2ffl2 (mi :硪酸酯化合物 之莫耳數,m2:二酵之莫耳數)的比率乃在0.5至200。 R 5 0C00R 5 [VI ] 其中R5為與前述化學式(E)和(F)中的相同。 在使用這種磺酸酯化合物之實例中,Rs〇H的沸點乃 較上述之多元醇還低,而該硪酸酯化合物對以化學式 [V]或[VI]表示之多元醇之克分子比率乃在3至80。 為了進行上述反應,該反應器乃被希望以m氣沖洗, 但此反應器也可不以氮氣沖洗。 於下一步驟中,乃除去上述之齡性催化劑,再自反應 条統中餾出未反應的碩酸酯化合物,而獲得以前述化學 式[I ], [I ]或[I ]所表示之聚硪酸酯。 在此方法中,聚硪酸酯中多元酵的所有羥基(起始物) -22- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297 Υ發) 81.9.20,000 -----------------ί------裝-I-----玎 (請先閲讀背面之;±念事項再塡寫本頁) ·. (G) (Η) Λ 6 _B(i_ 五、發明説明(2.1 ) 乃是經磺酸化而得,但是也有可能製得少量的聚硪酸酯 其中多元酵的一些羥基是經硪酸化。 上述之二酵可由下列化學式[IV]所表示: R 2 (OH ) 2 [IV ] 其中R2與前述化學式[I ]中的2相同。 而上述之多元醇可由下列化學式[V]來表示: S u - 0 - R ίο [V ] 其中Su為以下列化學式(G)來表示,而Rid為選自下列 化學式(Η), (I), (J), (K)和(L)所示之基圃。 [CH2 (0Rn) 3 CH [CH (ORu) ] 3CH-
L 0 ___I
[CH2 (0Ru) ]CH[CH (ORu) ]2C[CH2 (0Rn)]
I— 〇 —I
[CH2(0Rn) ]CH-0-tCH(0Rn) ]3CH- (I) CH(ORn) [CH(ORn) ]3CHCH2- (J) L___ •〇———1 -(C3H60)r ,Η (K) -(C3H60)n(C2H40)pH (L) 在上述化 學式(G) , (Η), (I)和(J )中的, R u是以 之化學式 (Κ)或(L)來表示 之。 在上述化學式(K)中的,n為1至12的整數;而上述 化學式(L)中的,η和P各為1至12的整數。 -23- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) -----------------ί------裝-------訂------{ (請先閲-背面之注*事項再塡寫本页) 、· 經濟部中央標準局ΜΤ工消費合作社印- 81.9.20,000 .'n Λί; ΗΓ.
五、發明説明(22 ) 由化學式[V]所表示之多元酵的具鳢例子為以下化學 式所示之多元酵。在疽些化學式中的,η為1至12的整 數。 (1) -CH-0-(C3H60)nH CH-O- (C3H60)nH 〇 Cj:H-〇- (C3H60) nH (fH-0-(C3H60)nH LCH CH2-0-(C3H60)nH (2) I CH-0-(C3H60)nH CH-O- {C3H60)nH CH-0-(C3H60)nH i CH 〇 I i CH -J I CH2-0-(C3H60)nH
(~ch I <pH-0-(C3H60)nH 〇 CH-0-(C3H60)nH CH-O- (C3H60)nH 匕CH I CH2-〇- (C3H60)nH (請"閲-背面之注念事項再填寫木·1) .裝· 經滴部中央標準局貝工消f合作社印" -24- 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公埜) 81.9.20,000 麻 Μ ΒΓ. 五、發明説明(23) (3)
CH2-0-(C3H60)nH 〇
C
p-0- (C3H60)nH CH-O- (C3H60) nH 〇
CH
CH I pi-〇-(C3H6〇)nH Ο CH-O- (C3H60)nH CH-0-(C3H60)nH CH I CH2-0-(C3H60)nH
(C3H60)nH (4) 經濟部中央標準局S工消費合作社印製 'CH- I (pH-0- (C3H60)nH 〇 CH-0-(C3H60)nH I CH-0-(C3H60)nH CH I CH2-0- (C3H60)nH CH2 I CH I (pH-Ο- (C3H60)nH 〇 CH-0-(C3H60)nH CH-O- (C3H60)nH CH-O- (C3H60)nH可將上述化學式(1)至(4)的- (C3 0)n H基分別以-(C 3 He 〇) n (C 2 H 4 0) p H基取代而可播得多元酵。而上所提之多元醇也可以下列化學式[VI]來表示之: (Rii〇)CH2 [CH(0Ru)]mCH2 (ORii) [VI]
O -----------------f------裝——----1T (請毛閲;Λ背面之注念事項再塡寫本*·!) - * * -25 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 ,V i ϋ ο 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印3衣 A 6 B(; 五、發明説明(24 ) 其中Ru則為前述化學式(K)或(L)所表示的基鼷,而· 為1至6的整數。 以化學式[VI]所表示之多元酵具《例子為以下化學式 所示之多元醇,在這些化學式中的,η是1至12的整數 (1) (2)
CH2-0-(C3H60)nH CH-O- (C3H60)nH CH-O- (C3H60) nH CH-O- (C3H60)nH I CH2-〇-(C3H60)nH
CH2-0-(C3H60)nH I · CH-O- (C3H60)nH CH-O- (C3H6〇) nH CjH-O- (C3H60)nH CjH-O- (C3H60)nH CH2-0-(C3H60)nH 請 閲 背 li t 事 項 再 塡 寫 .本 將上述化學 -(C 3 He 0) n 以前述化學 例子具體地包 基磺酸酯,二 酯,二異戊基 二環己基磺酸 基硪酸酯和二 在此方法中 統中餾出由硪 之沸點乃需低 以 R 1 OH , R a 此外,關於 式(1)和(2)的- (C3 H6 0)n Η基分別以 (C 2 Η 4 0) ρ Η基取代而可獲得多元酵。 式[VI]和[\Λ]表示之硪酸酯化合物的較佳 括有二甲基硪酸酯,二乙基磺酸酯,二丙 丁基硪酸酯,二-[1,3-二甲基丁基]硪酸 碩酸酯,二己基硪酸酯,二辛基硪酸酯, 酯,二-3 -甲基己基砂!酸酯,二-2 -乙基己 [2-甲基-甲氣基乙基)硪酸酯。 ,進行磺酸酯化反應的同時也痛自反應条 酸酯化反應而産生的酵,因此所産生酵類 於上述二醇或多元酵的沸點,而該酵類則 0 Η或R 5 0 Η表示之。 以化學式[υπ]表示的磺酸酯化合物之使用 -26- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(21() X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 裝 訂 ,0祕 ΛΓ> 經滴部中央標準局員工消費合作社印$机 五、發明説明(25 ) 置,即前述h /2b2比率為0.5至200,較好地是1至80, 更好地是1至150。 S —方面,關於以化學式[通]表示的硪酸酯化合物之 使用量,即該硪酸酯化合物對以化學式[V]或[VI]所示 之多元酵的克分子比率為在3至80之間,較好是3至50 Ο 藉由所使用如上述特殊量的硪酸酯化合物,可抑止産 生具高聚合反應程度的聚硪酸酯。 在此方法中,將上述之二酵(或多元酵)和磺酸酯化合 物裝《至反應器中,而後在存有_性催化_中加以加熱 而使彼此産生反應直至反應轉化率達到不低於95« ,同 時自反應条統中皤出所産生的酵,接著再除去鐮性催化 劑,最後自反應条統中餾出未反應的硪酸酯化合物。所 謂”反應轉化率逹到不低於95S: ”意指該反應進行至所産 生醇(Ri 0H或R3 0H)的量為不低於前述2b2的0.95倍契 耳,或者是該反應進行至所産生酵(Rs〇H)的量為不低 於以化學式[V]或[VI]所示多元酵莫耳數的0.95倍荑耳 Ο 本發明中所使用的較佳鐮性催化劑例子包括有齡金臑 氫氣化合物例如氬氣化納和氫氣化鉀;鹺金颶硪酸鹽或 氫硪酸鹽例如碩酸納和硪酸篦鈉;嫌金臑醇化物例如甲 醇鈉,甲酵鉀,甲醇鋰和甲醇絶;以及麵!金颶化合物例 如氫化納和胺基納。這些當中乃以驗金颶酵化物為特別 -27- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(2〗0 X 297公穿) 81.9.20 000 (請^閲-背面之注-事項再塡寫本贺) i裝— 訂- ΛΓ. ΗΓ, 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(2b) 佳。酋然也可使用齡土金屬化合物例如氳氣化鎂和氫氣 化鈣;以及有機胺基化合物例如三甲胺,三乙胺,眯唑 和四甲銨化氫氣,此催化劑的使用量為使催化劑莫耳數 對前述2«2的比率,或者是催化劑對多元酵的荑耳數比 率(克分子比率),通常在10·1至107内,較佳的是1〇2 至 10 5 〇 在此方法中,反應溫度通常是在50至3001C之内,較 好的是60至200P,而反醮時間則通常是在0.5至200小 時之内,較好的是1至100小時。 完成反鼴之後,此催化劑可藉由以水沖洗反應溶液 或以酸中和反應溶液來除去。於此所使用酸的例子包括 固龌的酸例如磺酸類的離子交換樹脂;無機酸為例如硪 酸,氣化銨,馥酸,硫酸和磷酸;而有機酸則例如醋酸 和苯酚。在沖洗的步驟中,鹽類例如硪酸銨也可被加入 0 該齡性催化劑可如上述被除去,再接著在減壓下自反 應条統中皤出未反應的硪酸酯化合物,因此當未反應的 战酸酯化合物於齡性催化劑的存在下自反麻糸統中被皤 出時,可避免所産生之聚磺酸酯的聚合反應,因而可穫 得高産量的聚碩酸酯。 如上述所獲得之聚磺酸酯可以吸附劑如活性黏土和活 性硪處理之,或者以水沖洗,而除去所存在撤量的雜質 。經由此類處理,以撇量存在的離子化合物或極性化合 *28- (請先闇冶背面之注念事項再塡寫本*π) * 本紙張又度適用中园國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 ΛΓ, Hi; 經濟部中央標準局δ貝工消費合作社印製 五 '發明説明(27) 物可被除去,因此所産生之聚磺酸酯可被穩定地保存。 根據如上述的方法,在二甲基硪酸酯是被用來做為上 述反應中的硪酸酯化合物時,則預先加入共沸溶劑至反 應糸統之後,將甲酵可自反應条統中利用共沸溶劑如琛 己烷,苯率己烷以一種共沸混合物形式而皤出,而不是 自反應条統中將甲酵利用二甲基硪酸酯予以皤出作為共 沸混合物。在此例中,共沸溶劑的使用量通常是每100 份重量二甲基硪酸酯之5至100份重量。 此外,根據上述之方法,以上述之共沸溶爾將甲酵自 反鼴糸統中餾出成一種共沸混合物,且反窿完畢之後, 該未反應的二甲基碩酸酯可自反應混合物中回收,因此 未反應之二甲基硪酸酯的回收可增加。 不然,如上述甲酵有可能被二甲基硪酸酯回收成共沸 混合物,接著再將上述之共沸溶劑加至此所産生之共沸 混合物中,而將甲酵自二甲基硪酸酯中利用共沸溶_餾 出而成共沸混合物,因而回收二甲基磺酸酯。 更且,根據上述之方法,將二醇(或多元酵)與硪酸 酯化合物的反應完成之後,齡性金靥可被除去,接著再 除去未反應的硪酸酯化合物,因此以高産率可播得所期 望的聚硪酸酯。 接着,詳述聚硝酸酯的第二個製法。 在第一步驟中,將(a)以上述化學式[IV]所表示的二 酵或以上述化學式[V]或[VI]表示的多元酵,(b)以下 -29- (請先閲汸背面之注念事項再塡寫本^) 丨裝l ,π. 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(C:NTS)甲4規格(2】〇 X 297公癸) 81.9.20,000 ,03ϋί: ΑΓ> ΗΓ) 經濟部中央標準局W工消费合作社印5衣 五、發明説明(2β ) 列化學式[IX ]或[X ]所表示的犟酵和(c >以下列化學式 [XI]或[XIII]所表示的磺酸酯化合物於鹹性催化_之存 在下予以加熱使彼此反應直至反應轉化率速到不低於 9 5 χ ,同時自反應糸統中脯出所産生的酵(R 12 ο Η或 RiaOH)。為了進行上述反應,該反應器是被希望以氲氣 沖洗,但是該反應器並未使用氮氣沖洗。 R 1 0H或 R 3 OH [IX ] 其中的Ri和1{3與前述化學式[I ]中的Ri和R3皆相同 〇 R 5 OH [X ]Ri和 其中的5與前述化學式[M]中的相同,而為具有30 或較少磺原子的烴基或者是含醚鍵及具2-30個碩原子的 烴基。 R 12 0C00R 12 [XI] 其中的R〇2可分別各為含1-12餾硪原子的烷基。 於使用此種硪酸酯化合物的案例中,其R12OH的沸黏 乃較上述的二酵和單醇邇要低,而mi /2m2的比率(π^ :硪酸酯化合物的莫耳數,m2 :二酵的契耳數)為0.5至 200 〇 Ria OCOORig [XIII] 其中Rib各自獨立為含1-2個硪原子的烷基。 於使用此種碩酸酯化合物的案例中,RiaOH的沸點乃 低於上述多元醇及單酵的沸點,而此硪酸酯化合物對以 -30- (請先閲¾背面之注意事項再場寫本卞> -裝. 本紙張尺度適用中國阀家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公货) 81.9.20,000 BC. 五、發明説明(29 ) 化學式[V]或[VI]所表示之多元酵的克分子比率為3至 80 〇 在下一個步驟中,除去上述之齡性催化劑,再接著將 未反鼴的硝酸酯化合物和在最後反應階段中並不會沈澱 的硪酸酯化合物[R 14 0C00R μ (其中R W可分別各為上述 之Ri , Ra ,或Ri2),或者是Rib0C00R13]自反應糸統 中脯出,而可獲得以前述化學式[I], [Π]或[B]所示 之聚磺酸酯。 在此方法中,可製得一種聚碩酸酯,其中多元酵起始 物的所有羥基偽被硪酸酯化,但其有一可能性即可製得 少量的一種聚硪酸酯,其中多元酵的一些羥基傺被硪酸 酯化。 在此方法中,在進行磺酸酯化反應的同時也自反應条 統中餾出在磺酸酯化反應中所生成的醇,因此所産生的 醇,卽,以RuOH或RiaOH所示之酵,其沸點乃被要求需 低於上述二醇(或多元酵)及單酵的沸點。而以化學式 [XI]所表示的硪酸酯化合物之使用鼉,即前述之ai /2m2 比率為0.5至200 ,較好是1至80,而更好的是1至50 。另一方面,關於以化學式[XII]所示之硪酸酯化合物 的使用量則是使磺酸酯化合物對以化學式[V ]或[VI ]所 示之多元酵的克分子比率為3至80,較好是3至50。藉 由使用如上述特殊量的硪酸酯化合物,可抑止産生具高 聚合度的聚硪酸酯。 -31 - 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(2】ti X 297公货) (請先閲讀背面之注念事項再塡寫本頁) —裝. 訂 經.濟部中央標準局β工消費合作杜印5衣 81.9.20,000 0 " 0 " 經濟部中央標準局iR工消費合作社印5衣 Λ6 _____Rfi_ 五、發明説明(30) 在此方法中,將上述之二酵(或多元酵),單酵及磺酸 酯化合物裝«至反應器中,而後在存有齡性催化劑中給 予加熱使其彼此反應直至反醮轉化率逹到不低於95X , 同時也自反應糸統中躕出所生成之酵,接着再除去_性 催化劑,並自反應条統中躕出未反應的磺酸醏化合物。 以上所表示的"反應轉化率達到不低於9 5 it; ”乃與前述 的意義柑同。此外,有颺在第二種方法中的鍊性催化劑 ,反應溫度,反應週期,反應完成之後催化劑之除去, 雜質之除去以及未反應二甲基硪酸酯的回收皆與前述第 一種方法中的相同。 前述聚碩酸酯之第一種製法中,除了二甲基硪酸酯和 二乙基硪酸酯以外之以化學式[VD]和[VI]表示的硝酸酯 化合物很難有現貨,因此它們乃需預先合成。然而,在 第二種方法中,該聚硪酸酯可藉由使用很容易有現貨的 以化學式[XI]和[XII]表示之碩酸酯化合物(二甲基硪酸 酯,二乙基硪酸酯,乙基甲基硪酸酯),來製成。於是 ,第二種方法並不需合成硪酸酯化合物,而為一種符合 經濟的方法。 類似於前述之第一種方法,根據第二種方法乃可獲得 高産量的聚硪酸酯。 提值仆.合物(a ) 環氣化合物(a)之具體例子包括: 縮水甘油基醴類例如苯基縮水甘油基醚,甲苯基縮水 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(2〗ϋ X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 -----------------1:------裝——----.玎------一 (請九閲‘??背面之注*事項再塥.罵本钉) * , ΛΓ, 1U; 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 五、發明説明(31 ) 甘油基醚,二甲笨基縮水甘油基醚,丁基繡水甘油基 2 -乙基己基縮水甘油基醮,第二丁基酚縮水甘油基 賊,2 -甲基辛基縮水甘油基醚,正-癸基縮水甘油基醚, 二縮水甘油基醚和雙酚A的二縮水甘油醚; 縮水甘油基醚類例如縮水甘油基醣酸酯,縮水甘油基 月桂酸酯,縮水甘油基棕櫊酸酯,縮水甘油基硬脂酸酯 和縮水甘油基油酸酯;以及 環氣化的硪氫化合物例如琛《化的辛基硬脂酸醋,環 氣化的豆油,琢氧化的琛己烷,琛氣化的二琛戊二烯和 環氧化的二氫二環戊二烯。 這些例子當中,待別好的有琛氣化的辛基硬脂酸酯, 苯基縮水甘油基醚及甲苯基縮水甘油基醚。 酚化会物(b ) 酚化合物(b)之具體例子包括:1,3,5 -三甲基-2,4,6 -(3,5 -二-特丁基-4-羥苯基)甲基苯,四[伸甲基-3-(3, 5 -二特丁基-4-羥苯基)丙酸酯]甲烷,特丁基化的羥基 甲苯,對-羥基苯甲醚,3-甲基-4-異丙基酚,2-特丁基 -4,6 -二甲基酚,2 -特丁基-4-甲氣基酚,2,6 -二特丁基 酚,五倍子酸丙酯,苯乙烯化甲酚,2-U -甲基環己基) -4,6 -二甲基酚,2,4 -二特丁基-5-甲基酚,2,6 -二特丁 基-4-羥基甲苯,3,5 -二特丁基-4-羥基甲苯,4,4’-硫 代-雙(2 -甲基-6-特丁基酚)和2,2’-硫代-雙(4 -甲基- 6-特丁基酚)。 -33- (請tw--.(,.iy1-s-面之注念事項再塡.6:-^¾)-- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297么、釐) 81.9.20,000 經濟部中央標準局w工消費合作社印5衣 :i 屮 〇 ΛΓ,_m;_ 五、發明説明(32) 在逭些例子當中,對於本發明之第一種潤滑油組成物 而言,最佳者為3,5-二特丁基-4-羥基甲苯,2,6-二特 丁基-4-羥基甲苯和四[伸甲基- 3- (3,5 -二特丁基-4-羥 基苯基)丙酸酯]甲烷。 另一方面,對於本發明之第潤滑油組成物而言, 最佳者為待丁基化的羥基甲苯,2,6 -二特丁基酚和苯乙 烯化甲酚。 硫仆,合物(η ) 化合物(c)之具體例子包括:魏基苯並眯唑,啡瞎嗪 ,Η,Η’-二苯基-硫豚,二硫化四甲基秋黼姆,N-氣二伸 乙基-2-苯並瞎唑基硫醛胺,琛己基-2-苯並瞎唑基-硫醛胺,2 -巯基苯並If唑/琛己胺鹽,Ν , Ν ’ -二異丙基-2 -苯並喀唑基硫醛胺,2-(N,N -二乙基硫代羰基硫)苯並 喀唑,二硫化四乙基秋蘭姆,二苯並晡唑基二硫化物, 二乙基二硫代甲胺酸鋅,乙基苯基二硫代甲胺酸鋅,二 -1-丁基硫代甲胺酸鋅,二月桂基硫代二丙酸酯,二月 桂基硫代二-1,1' -甲基丁酸酯,二肉豆蔻基-3,3’-硫代 二丙酸酯,月桂基硬脂醛硫代二丙酸酯,二硬脂醯硫代 二丙酸酯,二硬脂醛硫代二丁酸酯,五(赤蘚醇-四- /3-铖基月桂基)丙酸酯,二十八烷基二硫化物,和4,4’-硫 代-雙(3-甲基-6-特丁基酚)。 在這些例子當中,以二月桂基硫代二丙酸酯和4,4'-硫代-雙(3 -甲基-6-特丁基酚)為特別好。 _ 3 4 一 -----------------{ ------裝------tr------f (請先閲讀背面之注念事碩再塡寫太-!) . 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印t 0 :i ΰ:? 6 ΛΓ. _____Bfi_ 五、發明説明(33 ) 粧仆.会物(d ) 胺化合物(d>之具《例子包括:苯基-卜萊胺,Ν,Ν’-二苯基-對-苯二胺,4,4’-雙(α,α-二甲基苄基)二苯 胺,Ν , Η ’ -二-/3 -策基-對-苯二胺,2,2,6,6 -四甲基-4-哌啶甲基異丁烯酸酯,雙(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基) 草酸酯,1,2,2,6,6 -五甲基-4 -哌啶甲基異丁烯酸酯和 雙(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯。 在這些例子中,4,4’-雙(α,α-二甲基苄基)二苯胺 為特別好。 S5趦酯歹酯化会物(ρ ) 亞磷三酸酯化合物(e)之具體例子包括:三異癸基亞 磷酸酯,三辛基亞磷酸酯,亞磷酸三甲苯基酯,三苯基 亞磷酸酯,二苯基辛基亞磷酸酯,二苯基癸基亞磷酸酯 ,苯基二癸基亞磷酸酯和1,1,3-三(2-甲基-4-雙十三基 亞磷酸酯-5-特丁基苯基)丁烷。 在這些例子當中,對於本發明之第一種澗》油組成物 而言,最佳者為苯基二癸基亞磷酸酯和二苯基癸基亞磷 酸酯。 另一方面,對於本發明之第二和第三種濶滑油組成物 而言,最佳者為亞礎酸三甲笨基酯和二苯基辛基亞磷酸 酯。 SS酸=酯化会物(f ) 磷酸三酯化合物(f)之具體例子包括:三苯基磷酸酯 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) f 4規格(210 X 297么、釐) 81.9.20,000 (請先閲功背面之注*.事項再塡寫本頁)
經濟部中央標準局g工消费合作社印t
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HO 五、發明説明(34) ,磷酸三甲苯基酯,三辛基磷酸酯和1,1,3 -三(2 -甲基-4-雙十三基磷酸酯-5-特丁基苯基)丁烷。 在逭些例子當中,對於本發明的第一種潤滑油組成物 而言,最佳者為三苯基磷酸酯和三甲苯酚基磷酸酯。 另一方面,對於本發明之第二和第三種潤滑油組成物 而言,最佳者為磷酸三甲苯基_和1,1,3 -三(2 -甲基- 4-雙十三基磷酸酯-5-待丁基苯基)丁烷。 成松(a )至(f )的伸用畺 關於在本發明之第一種潤滑油組成物中所使用前述成 份(a)至(f)的量乃為如下。 琛氣化物U),酿化合物(b),硫化合物(c)和瞭化合物 (d)之各使用量乃自0.0001至5份重量,較佳的是自 0.01至3.0份重量,而更好的是自0.02至2.0份重量, 以前述化學式[I]所表示之100份重量的聚碳酸醏為基 準。 這些化合物(a)至(d)可被單播或組合使用。 亞磷酸三酯化合物(e)和磷酸三酯化合物(f)之各使 用量為0至5份重量,較好的是0.01至3.0份重量,而 更好的是0.0 2至2.0份重量,以100份重量的化學式 [I ]所示之聚硝酸酯為基準。 化合物(e)和(f)乃為視情況所需之成份,而它們可被 單獨或組合的使用。 而關於在本發明的第二和第三種潤滑油組成物中的成 -36- 未紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4规格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 u ------裝-------玎-----i (請先閲冶背面之注念事項再塡寫丰頁)·, Ί '*i ΛΠ ΒΓ» 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五 '發明説明(35 ) 份(e), (f), U)和(b)其使用量乃如下。 該亞磷酸三酯化合物(e)的使用Λ乃自0.0002至5份 重較好的是0.01至3.0份重量,而更好的是0.02至 2.0份重量,以100份重量的前述化學式[I]或[ΒΙ]所 示之聚硪酸酯為基準。 磷酸三酯化合物(Ο,琛氧化物U),和酚化合物 (b) 之各使用量為自0至5份重較好的是0.01至 3.0份重量,而更好的是0.02至2.0份重量,以100份 重量的前述化學式[H ]或[I ]所示之聚碩酸酯為基準。 化合物(f), (a)和(b)為視情況所箱之成份,而它們 可被單獨或組合使用^ 本發明中用來做為潤滑基油的聚磺酸酯其有一傕硪酸 酯鍵,其經嚴重使用狀況下會産生非常少量的二氣化硪 。一般而言,在使用磺氣化物,氱氣磺化合物或其氳化 産物做為冷凍劑之普通的冷凍機糸統中,二氣化硪氣體 並不會冷凝,因此在壓縮步驟中會導致降低冷卻效率和 溫度上升。因此這種聚硪酸酯的使用是不利的。本發明 者已研究出許多添加劑其可以避免産生二氣化磺氣體, 並發現上述之環氣化物(a),酚化合物(b),硫化合物 (c) ,胺化合物(d),亞磷酸三酯化合物(e)和磷酸三酯 化合物(f)皆為非常有效地添加劑。 此外,本發明者也發現該環氣化合物(a),酚化合物 (b ),硫化合物(c )和胺化合物(d )是較適合於使用以化 -37- (請先閲讀背面之注念事項再塡寫本屏) i- •裝·
,1T 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(21ί1 X 297 H ) 81.9.20,000 AG Bii 經濟部中央標準局具工消費合作社印緊 五、發明説明(36) 學式[I]所示之聚硪酸酯做為澗滑基油的菜例中,而亞 磷酸三酯化合物(e)則是較適合於使用以化學式[Π]或 [m ]所示之聚磺酸酯做為潤滑基油的案例中。 此外,本發明者也發現到上述化合物(a)至(f)皆對增 強潤滑性質有所貢獻。 依據上述之發現,本發明者因而完成此發明。 其它的箱檐況所痛夕成份 本發明的潤滑油組成物可包含除了上述聚硪酸酯,琛 氣化物(a),酚化合物(b),硫化合物(c),胺化合物(d) ,亞磷酸三酯化合物(e)和礎酸三酯化合物(f)之外,也 含有其它成份。 例如,在使用本發明之潤滑油組成物做為工業齒輪油 ,汽車用機油或汽車用齒輪油的案例中,中性油或亮庫 存油可被加至此潤滑油組成物中。再者,也可在潤滑油 組成物中加入α-石蠟齊聚物,例如液體聚丁二烯和液 體癸烯的齊聚物;羧酸的酯類例如二異辛基己二酸酯, 二異辛基癸二酸酯,二月桂基癸二酸酯,季戊四醇的2-乙基己酸四酯和三羥甲基丙烷的己酸三酯;以及蔬菜油 。此外,已知常用來做為澗滑油添加_的有,例如,敘 述於Toshio Sakurai”石油産品的添加劑"(Saiwai Shobo 出販,1974)中的添加劑,諸如洗淨-分散試劑,抗氣劑 ,抗承載添加劑,油性試劑,和傾點下降劑都可被加至 潤滑油組成物中,但條件為不致破壊本發明之目的。 _ 3 8 一 (請先閲冶背面之注意事項再填寫·4茛) 丨裝. 訂_ -•^‘ 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297 乂楚) 81.9.20,000 ^030 ΛΓ) B(i 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印" 五、發明説明(37) 在使用本發明之潤滑油組成物做為冷凍機的潤滑油案 例中,特別是對於以氫化磺氣化合物(HFC)做為冷凍氣 體的冷凍機案例中,從相容性的觀點來看可被加至潤》 油組成物的成份最佳為乙二酵醚類和羧酸酯類。造些成 份的用量需為少於60!K以lOOiK重量的潤滑油組成物缌量 為基準,此乃由於使用過董的成份會造成抗熱性的降低 ,並破壊與R-13 4a的相容性以及破壊吸湄性。然而上述 習用於潤滑油的已知添加劑也可加入至潤滑油組成物中 。此外,在冷凍機的潤滑油中,也可使用具不會破壊奥 氣層性質的氫化的硪氣化合物(HFC)例如R-134a,具對 臭氣靥少許破壊力的氫化氯纒硪化合物(HCFC)例如R-22 以及其氫化産物。 關於使用本發明之潤滑油組成物做為軋鋼機潤滑油, 金羼處理油,纺嫌工業潤滑油,等等,前述之聚硪酸酯 可以與水産生乳濁液的形式而被使用其可藉由使用適酋 的乳化劑並以習用的方式進行而獲得。 發昍夕放果 根據本發明之潤滑油組成物具有一些效果即它們具有 優良的潤滑性質,洗淨力,電絶絲性質,以及它們可在 低溫時比礦物油類和酯類潤滑油邇要容易降低其黏度。 此外,根據本發明之潤滑油組成物也具有一效果為它 們可避免産生由聚硝酸酯所生成的羧酸和二氣化硪氣體 -39- 本紙張度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(21U X 297公發) 81.9.20,000 (請屯閲-#面之注*事項再塡寫本贡) 裝- 訂. ΒΓ, ΒΓ, 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印3衣 五、發明説明(38) 因此,根據本發明的潤》油組成物乃可被廣泛地做為 工業齒輪油,汽車用機油,汽車齒輸油,冷凍機如空調 和電冰箱的潤滑油,紡鏃工業的潤滑油,軋銷機的潤滑 油等等。 由於本發明之潤滑油組成物其不僅具有上述之性質外 也具有與氫化硪氣化合物(HFC)的相容性,該(HFC)為 對奥氣層不具破壊力,以及具有與氫化的氯氣硝化合物 (HCFC)的相容性,該(HCFC)為對奧氣層具有少許的破壞 力,它們可適當地被用來做為冷凍機(例如,汽車用空 調和電冰箱)的潤滑油而此冷凍機中的氳化産物可被單 獨或組合的使用做為冷凍劑。 本發明傺參考下述實施例更進一步說明如下,但本發 明並非僅限於造些實施例中。 在有關於本發明第一種潤滑油組成物實施例和其比較 例中的聚硪酸酯分析和控制原料以及潤》油組成物的性 能評估是依照接下之測試方法來進行的。 [測試方法] a .運動黏度 J IS K-2283 b .黏度指數 J IS K-2283 c .承載容量 以一個法列克司試驗裝置(Falextester)在負重2501bf 下經5分鐘的加熱操作後,谢鑛增加負重,並在燃燒印 記出現時可播得一個增加負重的數值,此乃被取為承載 -40- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4规格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 -----------------ί------裝—------ΤΓ------_ (請;1閱‘;!!背面之注&事項再填寫本?>) - ,0钟 ΛΓ. 五、發明説明(39 ) 容量數值。 d. 二氣化硪氣體濃度 關於氣體採樣品,在一艏容量為50(:(:的壓熱器中其上 方部分已被焊接上一値氣相色層法的樣品傾倒槽,《裝 25克的樣品油,並將壓熱器密封於氮壓中。接者,藉由 控制恒溫油槽在1 7 5 t以加熱壓熱器,加熱7小時之後 ,以氣體注射器經由設置於壓熱器上方部份的氣體採樣 品槽,將存於壓熱器中的lcc氣相收集,而由樣品油所 産生的C02濃度可在下列條件下以氣相色層法來測定。 ’管柱:活性磺管柱6公尺 管柱溫度:165 "C 撝帶氣體:He
攜帶氣體注入速度:40毫升/分鐘 偵測器:TCD e. 與氣利昂(Freon)R-134a的相容性 (1)將内徑10mm和深度為20cm的試管填裝1b1的樣品 ,同時將試管置於乾冰/丙酮槽中冷卻,而氟利昂(Freon) R-134a乃自彈中逐漸地被導入試管並被堆積直至其鱧積 稍徹大於樣品的體積。之後,試管中的混合物傜藉由刮 勺而被攪拌,並將試管轉移至溫度保持在-20C之冷卻 槽上而在當樣品/氟利昂134a(Freon)的體積比率變成1/ 1時來調査樣品在氣利昂(F「eon)R-134a中的溶解度。 在調査之時,若所産生之混合物為一種完全均勻的溶液 -4 1- 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4规格(210 X 297么'釐) (請先閲-背面之注念事項再瑣寫龙衷) .裝· 訂 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 81.9.20,000 - 經濟部中央標準局R工消费合作社印" ___ H(i_ 五、發明説明(4〇) ,則評定為Ο ,而如果樣品並不溶於氟利昂(Fre〇n)134a 時,則評定為X 。 (2) 為了更詳細地調査硪酸酯産物在氣利昂(Freon) 134a中的溶解度,乃將潤滑油和氣利昂(Freon)134a& 多種比例封入於玻璃試管中而當逭兩種化合物變成可相 容時即可獲得一値臨界溫度。 (3) 在一個200ml壓力玻璃量简中裝入5克的樣品油 ,接著將其真空化。加人95克的《利昂(Freon)R-134a 至量筒中,並完全地與樣品油混合而致評估兩種化合物 的相容性。當此完全的混合物在溫度範園15°至-30它 内變透明時,此相容性乃被判定為可被接受。 關於本發明之第二和第三種潤滑油組成物的下列實施 例和比較例中,以如下所述之測試方法可獲得聚磺酸酯 的分析結果和性能評估。 (1)分析的方法 a .平均分子量 使用島津製作所公司的G PC糸統,並以聚苯乙烯為基 準來測定聚磺酸酯平均分子量。平均分子量的測定是在 如下的條件下進行·· 管柱:四Η聚苯乙烯凝膠(G-2000HXL+G-2000KXL+G-3000HXL+G-4000HXL) 敏感元件:差示折射計 溫度:40 C -42- (請先閲泊背面之注念事項再墙寫冬^) 本紙張又茂適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐〉 81.9.20,000 ΛΓ> 經濟部中央標準局w工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(41 ) 溶薄!:四氫呋喃 洗提速度:0 . 7b 1 / i η b .紅外光吸收光譜 此項測定乃將樣品塗佈在KB「片之間而由日本Bunkoh K.K.所製造和銷售之紅外線光譜儀A-302來進行测定。 c . NMR分析 在通式[Π ]和[1E ]中R4所代表之,化學式[E]中的η 值,係藉由質子NMR方法[由日本Dens i K.K.所製造和銷售的JNM-GX270]而播得。 (2)評估的方法 a .蓮動黏度 如同以上所述之方法。 b.承載容量 如同以上所述之方法。 c .摩檫特性 摩擦係數的澜定是以Optimo 1的SRV摩擦試驗裝置在下 列的條件下進行。 負重:100N 溫度:100Ό 時間:1 0分鐘 振動振: 1 1Π IB 振動數值:50Hz 樣品:圖形Η和球狀的組合.兩者皆以SUJ-2製成 -43- 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4规格(210 X 297公釐) . 81.9.20 000 /Vi ΒΓ) 五、發明説明(42 ) <請先閲汸背面之注念事項再填寫本頁.) 該磨蝕痕量的偵測是以表面糙度測度計(To k y 〇 SeimUsu K.K.的SURFCOM 2000)來測定經試驗後在國形 Μ上磨蝕痕量的深度。 d .熱穩定性 在一値1 0 0 c c的燒杯中加人2 0克的樣品並在1 7 0 υ的 烘箱中給予加熱經6.5個小時而來評估其熱穩定性,此 乃藉由測定在加熱前和加熱後重量的改變速度以及在 100Ρ時運動黏度的改變速度及總酸值。愈小的改變速 度和總酸值,則表示具有更好的熱穩定性。 e. 與氣利昂(Freon)R-134a的相容性 如同以上所述之方法。 f. 二氣化硪氣醱的灕度 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印- 於填充有1 0克樣品油之試管的開口(内徑2 2 m b ,深度 20cm)處塞入插有T型玻璃的橡皮塞,所謂的玻璃管乃 在其縱向方向的中心部分有一値氣體導入管以及被固定 在一端而另一端則是開放的氣體的收集袋,因此可密封 該試管。接著,將試管中及玻瑰管中的空氣經由氣體導 入管除去之後,將500ml的常壓氮氣注入此試管中。將 此試管置於恒溫油槽中在175C 下加熱24小時,並收集 存於試管中的氣體而以氣相色曆法在下列條件測定在收 集氣體中由樣品油分解産生的C02氣體濃度。
管柱:Parapak-Q, 3m 管柱溫度:50TC -4 4 - 81.9.20,000 本紙張度適用中西國家棵準(CNS)甲4規格(2丨〇 X 297么'梦) ο 丨2
五、發明説明(43) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印製 攜帶氣體:He 攜帶氣體的注入速度:4 Ο b丨/ b i η 偵拥I計:TCD g .體積電阻俱數 體積電阻傜數乃根據ASTM D 257而獲得。 [本發明之第一種潤滑油組成物的參考例,實例及比較 例] 兹者例1 將一個備有10傾濾盤蒸皤塔的5升燒瓶裝入588克 (4.98莫耳)的3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇.2,500克(21.42莫耳) 的甲基己醇(此乃由87$的3 -甲基主醱和13¾的5 -甲基主 體所形成的混合物),1 932克(21.45輿耳)的二甲基硝酸 酯和3.8克(0.020莫耳)的含28!1;重量《3〇(:113之甲酵溶 液。 將此混合物在大氣壓下在110-160C 加熱8小時而皤 出所産生的甲酵。甲醇的産董為98!« 。 接著,此混合物乃在減壓(130-10mnHg)的狀況下在 130-170¾ 加熱8小時而進行反應並皤出甲酵,二甲基 硪酸酯,甲基己醇和甲基-甲基己基硪酸酯。 得以含有為所使用之NaOCH3克分子量的五倍量之硪 酸銨水溶液來冲洗所獲得之混合物後再以水沖洗.過量 的二甲基己基硪酸酯可藉由蒸皤而被除去並獲得1,480 克的聚硪酸酯。 _ 4 5 - 本紙張U適用中®國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297 W犛〉 81.9.20,000 -----------------ί------裝—-----訂 (請;1閲讀'背面之;±*事項再塡寫4頁) -. ,〇·5〇^ ΛΓ, ΗΓ» 五、發明説明(44 ) 分析結果,須發現所播得之聚硪酸酯乃是一種聚磺酸 酯的混合物其具有如下之結構和其冷凝物。 C7 His0C00CH2 CH2 CH(CH3 )CH2 CH2 0C00C7 Hi5 表1顯示所獾得之聚硪酸酯被做為潤滑油時的一些基 本性能。 表 指示性例子1 <5ftt閲"背面之注念事項再填寫木r0 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印纪 黏度特性 loot:蓮動黏度[cSt] 黏度指數 承載數值[lbf ] 與R-134a的相容性 (1) (註 1) (2) 臨界溫度[T ](註2) 高溫點 低溫點 (註1 ) 0 :可相容 X (註2)潤滑油:15wt% 133 860 94 59 不可相容 —裝· *1T_ 例 窗 備 裂 乃 此 滑 潤 為 做 酯 酸 磺 聚 之 例 考 參 的 置 重 份 的 量 3 份 法 方 驗 試 之 述 1前 和據 油依 基 〇 物氣 合硪 混化 之氣 苯二 甲之 基物 羥合 4-混 得 所 試 測 基 丁 恃 二 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297父釐) 81.9.20,000 Q.]0^ '-· Λ(; ___ BC,_ 五、發明説明(45 ) (請兔閲汸背面之注念事項再填寫4頁) 體之濃度和與纸利昂(Fre〇n)R-134a的相容性。 獲得之結果乃示於表2 。 窗例2 重覆與》例1中相同的步》除了以二月桂基硫代二丙 酸酯來代替2,6 -二特丁基-4-羥基甲苯,來製備一種混 合物。 所獲得之混合物乃被依照前述之試驗方法來測試其二 氣化磺氣體濃度及與氣利昂(Fre〇n)R-134a的相容性。 獲得之結果乃示於表2 。 實例3 重覆如同實例1中的步驟除了將2,6-二特丁基-4-羥 基甲苯的使用置改為0.05份重置之外,更進一步地使用 1.0份重量的苯基二癸基亞磷酸酯而播得一種混合物。 所獲得之混合物乃被依照前述試驗方法來測試其二氣 化磺氣體濃度及與氟利昂(Fre〇n)R-134a的相容性。 獲得之結果乃示於表2 。 啻例4 重覆如同實例3中的步驟除了以1.0份重量的二月桂 基硫代二丙酸酯來取代苯基二癸基亞磷酸酯可獲得一種 混合物〇 經濟部中央標準局R工消t合作社印纪 所獲得之混合物乃被依照前述之試驗方法來測試二氣 化碩濃度及與氟利(Freon)R-134a的相容性。 獲得之結果乃示於表2 。 -47 - 81.9.20,000 本紙張尺A適用中國阀家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公坌) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印f Λβ ΗΓ, 五、發明説明(46 ) 奮例5 重 覆 如 同 實 例 1 中 的 步 骤除 了以琛 氣 化的辛 基硬 脂酸 酯 來 代 替 2 . 6- 二 特 丁 基 -4 -羥基甲苯外, 也可播得- -種 混 合 物 〇 所 播 得 之 混 合 物 乃 被 依 照前 述之試 驗 方法來 測試 二氣 化 硪 濃 度 及 輿 氟 利 昂 (F re ο n ) R -1 3 4 a的相容性。 獲 得 之 結 果 乃 示 於 表 2 〇 曹 例 6 重 覆 如 同 實 例 1 中 的 步 驟除 了以4, 4 ' -雙(α ,ΟΕ - 二甲 基 苄 基 )二苯胺來取代2 ,6 -二特丁基- 4- 羥基甲 苯外 ,也 可 m 得 一 種 混 合 物 〇 所 m 得 之 混 合 物 乃 被 依 照前 述之試 驗 方法來 測試 二氣 化 硪 港 度 及 與 氣 利 昂 (F re ο n ) R -134a的相容性。 獲 得 之 結 果 乃 示 於 表 2 〇 hh 較 例 ] 參 考 例 1 的 聚 硪 酸 酯 (基油) 乃被依 照 前述之 方法 來測 試 二 氣 化 硪 氣 體 濃 度 及 與 氟利 昂(Fre :ο η 丨)R-134 a的相容 性 〇 獲 得 之 結 果 乃 示 於 表 2 〇 -----------------ί ------裝——----.玎------ί 2? 1閲-»:!背面之注念事碩再塡寫本頁) -. 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 五、發明説明(47) p»一:萍湎》R-134aa 昽Β?3κ潘bfa¥(3)。 A(\ Hi; 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印3取 砷U T麴 己痄 Μ襄 U濰 繭 酿 與R-134a的相容 性[註1] A to 一一 W ίζ« ^zmm M缠 Mi遒 嘛 幽 口俨 cyi 5落 Uadi hH w _枭 一® L-^J 〇 η 05 Ο • jB 1 1_I 0> 〇 部联” 1 §JHt CJ1 *—* — ^ ®_u 麟 〇0 ο 〇 a痗加 gJHt 宝 σ> ΓΟ 〇 0綱丄雄r° 一癍姒祕 Μ 〇〇 ο 銮 cn ®eui CO ο 〇唞丄筇:° »u_u Μ ο ο-a m? rnm^m §JHt 〇〇 t—k 滕潘迅猫 η ο p s也鲕 戔 oo b逮唞泠 cn _ u m o ο rTi^. to 私 σ> to ΓΤ~ o ο m S濰 效 -49- 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 -----------------f------裝-I----.玎------r- i請毛閲.¾背面之注:&事項再埃寫衣頁)* . 五、發明説明(48) [第二種澗》油組成物的指示性例子,實例及比較例子] 兹者俐2 將備有10傾濾盤蒸皤塔的5升反應器装入271克的蔗 糖之氣化丙烯加合物其平均分子量(Μη)為740(PPG-多功 能糸列的SU-460,為三井東壓化學公司的産品),1492 克的甲基異丁基甲醇,1320克的二甲基硪酸酯和0.7克 的含28S:以重量計NaOCHa (催化薄I)的甲醇溶液。 此混合物是在常應和120-180T;下被進行歴經13小時 的反應。 藉由加水至所得之反應混合物中除去催化劑之後,可 皤出二甲基異丁基磺酸酯而獲得460克的聚硪酸酯。 所獲得之聚磺酸酯是一種黏性液體,而自iH-HMR, BC-NMR, IR和GCP分析的結果可發現此聚硪酸酯具有如 下所示之結構式。 CH2(OR)
I
[CH2 <OR) ] ςΗ [CH (OR) ] 3CH-〇-(j: [CH (OR>] [CH2 (OR)] o
I I-〇 —I 其中的 R 是-[CH2 CH(CH3 )〇]n C00C6 Hia » 而其中 π 的 平均值則約為1 . 1 。 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印*:衣 聚硪酸酯是以dc-nmr來分#SikiiBi中 乃如下所示。在此測定中,是以CDC13做為溶_。 50 83.9.20,000 {請1閲"背面之注念事項再塡寫本¥,) 本紙张又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4规格(210 X 297公釐)
M A6 五、發明説明(49) 16-19 ppm, 20.4 ppm, 22.3 ppm, 22.6 ppm, 24.6 ppm, 45.1 ppm, 55.4 ppm, 65-67 ppm, 69.5-73 ppm, 73.5 ppm, 73-77 ppm, 77-80 ppm, 80-81 ppm, 81-82 ppm, 82-83.5 ppm, 89-91 ppm, 103-105 ppm, 154-155.5 ppm 所播得之聚硪酸酯的紅外線吸收光譜_為如下所示.其中觀察到的主要訊號為如下。 υ C-H 2800-3000 cm-1 δ OH 1450 cm'1 υ C=0 1740 cm-1 υ C-0 1250-1290 cm] υ C-O-C 1100 cm-1 此外,所«得之聚硪酸酯的GPC分析結果如下所示。 重量平均分子量(MW)/數量平均分子量(Mn)GPC:1.232 以聚苯乙烯轉換方法所測定的重量平均分子量:1630 保留在産物中的納含:!:不超過〇 . 〇 1 p p »産物中的總酸值:不超過〇.〇1至於做為濶滑油的聚硪酸酯其基本性能評估結果乃示於表3 。 ----------------、 ------裝—-----訂------線 (請先閲;*背面之注念事項再塡寫本項)-, 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 -5 1- 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4规格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 ‘ iQ.飞心、-‘___H£_ 五、發明説明(50) m ?, 參考例2 黏度恃性 1〇〇υ 運動黏度[cSt] 27 承載容量值[lbf ] 910 與R-134a的相容性 0 (1 )(註 1 ) (2 )臨界溫度[Ό ](註2 ) 高溫點 +88 低溫點 <-65 (註1) 0 :可相容 X :不可相容 (註2)潤滑油:15wt!K R-134a: 85wt« 窨7 一種混合物的製備是以混合100份重量的參考例2之 聚磺酸酯做為潤滑基油,1.0份重量的二苯基辛基亞磷 酸酯,0.5份重量的磷酸三甲苯基酯以及0.5份重量的 苯基縮水甘油醚而得。所得之混合物乃被依照前述之試 驗方法來測定其熱穩定性,摩擦特性,與氟利昂(Freon) R - 1 3 4 a的相容性以及二氣化硪的濃度。 獲得之結果乃示於表4 。 啻例8 重覆實例7的步驟除了將二苯基辛基亞磷酸酯的董改 -52 - 本紙張尺Λ適用中®囷家標準(CNS〉甲4规格(2]0 X 297公梦) ----------------L ------裝丨—----.玎------毯 (請七閲功背面之注*事項再塡寫本頁) 經漓部中央標準局S工消费合作社印纪 81.9.20,000 ΛΓ, Β(; 五、發明説明(51)為3.0份重量,並且不使用磷酸三甲苯酯和苯基嫌水甘 油醚外,而可獲得S —種混合物。«得之結果乃示於表4 。 卟》例2如同實例7中的方法來測試參考例2中的聚碩酸酯。 獲得之結果乃示於表4 。 -----------------ί ------裝II----,玎------線> (請tw;A1i面之';±*事項再塡寫本I) 經濟部中央標準局S工消f合作社印架 -53 本紙張&度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公梦) 81.9.20,000 ΛΓ) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(52.) 實例7 實例8 比較例2 基油 參考例2 參考例2 參考例2 (聚磺酸酯> (wt份) 100 100 100 亞磷三酯化合物 (vt^[分) 二苯基辛 基亞磷酸 酯1.0 二苯基辛 基亞璘酸 酯1.0 無 其它添加劑 (wt 份) 磷酸三甲 苯酯0.5 苯基縮水 甘油醚05 無 無 熱穩定性 重董變化U) ~0.8 -0.3 -4.1 總酸值(fflg-K〇H/g) + 0.04 + 0.01 1.15 蓮動黏度變化U) + 0.8 + 0.3 + 11.2 摩檫特性 摩擦指數 0.08 0.07 0.08 摩擦痕量深度 0.04 0.04 0.04 與R-134a的相容性 0 0 0 (註1) 二氣化硪氣體濃度 150 120 1,800 (ppm) 體積阻力(Ω ♦ cm) 2.0x10 11 3.3X1011 4.5Χ1011 註1:根據前述之與R-134a相容性的試驗/方法(3)。 [本發明之第三種潤滑油組成物的參考例,《例和比較 例3] 參者例3 將備有10値濾盤蒸餾塔的5升反應器裝入705克的山 梨糖醇之氣化丙烯加合物其具有平均分子量(Μη)為740 (此産品之商樣名為HS-700A,三井東壓化學公司>,2560 -5 4 - ----------------< ------裝——----.玎------^ <請先閲¾背面之注念事項再項寫本領). 本紙張瓦度適用中國國家桴準(CNS>甲4峴格(21ίϊ X 2D7公釐) 81.9.20,000 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(5a) 克的二異丁基硪酸酯和3克的含28S;以重11計NaOCH3 (催化劑)之甲酵溶液。 此混合物乃在減K (約lOOmuHg),1351下歷經14镰小 時的反應。 藉由加水至所獲得之反應混合物而除去催化劑之後, 所生成的二異丁基碩酸酷可被皤出而«得940克的聚碘 酸酯。 所獲得之聚硪酸酯是一種黏性液體而自1 H-HMR, gc-NMR, IR和GCP的分析結果可發現聚硪酸酯具有如下 所示之結構。 ch2or
I
RO-C-H
I
H-C-OR
I
RO-C-H
I
H-C-OR
I ch2or 其中 R 是-[CH2 CH(CH3 )0]n C00C4 H9 ,其中 n的平均 值約為1 . 5 。 所獲得之聚磺酸酯可藉由UC-NMR來分析,而譜圖中 的訊號乃如下所示。在此測定中,是以CDC13做為溶剤 〇 16.5-17.5 ppm, 18.8 ppm, 27.7 ppm, 70.5-72 ppm, 72 *5-74 ppm, 74.5-76 ppm, 77-81 ppm, 154-155 ppm -55- 本紙張尺度適用中國阈家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公梦〉 81.9.20,000 —裝——----.玎------線;. (請先閱¾背面之注6事項再填寫本衣)
Af) B(; 五、發明説明(54)此外,聚硪酸酯的紅外線吸收光譜數據如下所示,其 中觀察到的主要訊號為如以下。 υ c-h δ C-H υ oo υ οο υ c-o-c 2800-3000 cm-1 1460 cm—1 1740 cm-1 1240-1290 cm-1 1100 cm-1 所«得之聚硪酸酯的G PC分析結果如下所示。 重量平均分子量(Mw)/數董平均分子蛋(Mn)GPC:1.544 重置平均分子量(Mw)以聚苯乙烯基法所測得:2682 保留在産物中的納含董:不超遇O.OIppb 産物中的總.酸值:不超過0.01以所穫得之聚硪酸酯做為潤滑油的基本性能評估結果乃示於表5中。 請 閲 背 jir «匕' φ 再 裝 訂 線 經濟部中央標準局SH工消費合作社印雙 -56 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公梦) 81.9.20,000 ΛΓ) Β(; 五、發明説明(55) 衷5 參考例2 黏度特性 100 X:蓮動黏度[cSt] 69 承載數值[lbf] 940 與R-134a的相容性 0 (1)(註 1) (2 )臨界溫度[t:](註2 ) 高溫點 +68 低溫點 <_65 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 (註1) 0 :可相容 X :不可相容 (註2 )潤滑油:1 5 w t S: R - 1 3 4 a ί 8 5 w t % 奮例9 一種混合物的製備是以混合100份重量的參考例3之 聚碩酸酯做為潤滑基油以及1.0份重量的二苯基癸基亞 磷酸酯。因而獲得之混合物乃被依照前述之試驗方法來 測試其熱穩定性,摩擦特性,與氟利昂1?-134£>的相容性 以及二氣化碩氣體的濃度。 奮例1 0 以如同實例9中的步驟進行混合除了以苯基二癸基亞 磷酸酯來代替二苯基癸基亞磷酸酯。 獲得之結果乃示於表6 。 -57- ----------------丄------裝——----,玎------線 {請先閲汸背面之注-事項再塡寫本頁.)·.' 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公赘) 81.9.20,000
Afi ) BC) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印3衣 五、發明説明(56 ) 奮例1 1 如 同 實 例 g 中 的 步 m 進 行 混 合 除 了 以 二 苯 基 辛 基 亞 磷 酸 酯 來 代 替 二 苯 基 癸 基 亞 m 酸 酯 » 此 外 更 使 用 0 . 5 份 重 量 的 t - 丁 基 化 的 羥 基 甲 苯 0 獲 得 之 結 果 乃 示 於 表 6 〇 s_ 例 12 如 同 實 例 9 中 的 步 想 進 行 混 合 除 了 以 二 苯 基 辛 基 亞 m 酸 酯 來 代 替 二 苯 基 癸 基 亞 m 酸 酯 t 此 外 更 使 用 0 . 5 份 重 量 的 三 羥 戳 甲 苯 基 磷 酸 酯 〇 獲 得 之 結 果 乃 示 於 表 6 0 tL 較 例 3 如 同 實 例 9 的 方 法 來 測 試 於 參 考 例 3 中 所 m 得 之 聚 m 酸 酯 〇 獲 得 之 結 果 乃 示 於 表 6 〇 卜卜, 較 例 4 如 同 實 例 9 中 的 步 驟 進 行 混 合 除 了 以 0 . 000 1 份 重 量 的 二 苯 基 辛 基 亞 磷 酸 酯 來 代 替 1 . 0 份 重 量 的 二 苯 基 癸 基 亞 m 酸 酯 〇 獲 得 之 結 果 乃 示 於 表 6 0 -58 - <請先閲讀背面之注*事項再塡寫本肖'\ 裝. 訂 •線. 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 五、發明説明(57 ) Μ ΗΓ. 經濟部中央標準局β工消费合作杜印?¾ m 1:萍湎郅睇® R-134ass 旖SW-K粮/bfffi(3)。 繭 π b 顳 m 糴«菰ί«路》雄 囲2 蕕菰茚维雄_w -濰 3_» m^p 繭益雜 3°? ^ 〇 m 一 0Q 其它添加劑 (wt 份) 亞磷酸三酯化合物 (Vit份) 基V由 (聚碩酸酯)Ut份) -0.7 + 0.03 + 0.5 0.08 0.4 0 150 l.lxlO12 m 獅丨1 η 參考例3 100 實例9 H-* ΓΟ ΓΟ ++1 X o o o o o 〇 〇 Haot 〇 · · · · ♦ o ^ o cn o 15 〇〇 ^ m 笨基二 癸基亞磷 酸酯1.0 參考例3 100 實例10 -0.7 + 0.03 1+0.3 0.08 0.4 0 100 0.9X1012 待-丁基 化的羥基 甲基0.5 二苯基辛 基亞磷酸 酯1.0 參考例3 100 實例11 1 -0.7 + 0.02 + 0.5 0.08 0.04 0 <100 l.OxlO12 磷酸三甲 苯酯0.5 强唞11 妹 〇ISW 參考例3 100 實例12 -3.7 0.72 + 5.2 0.09 0.07 0 1,200 1.2x10^ 1 m m 參考例3 100 比較例3 1-2.9 0.08 + 1.5 0.08 0.04 0 500 1 .Ox 1012 圃桝Ιί 參考例3 100 比較例4 -59 — 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(2〗〇 X 297公釐) 81.9.20,000 ----------------< ------装——-----玎------線 {請先閲讀背面之注&事項再項寫本芎)<
Claims (1)
- ο ABC -- 六、申請專利苑® -- 1. 一種潤》油組成物,包括: (1) 100份重量的如下列通式[I]所示之聚磺酸酯; (2) 0.0001-5份重量的至少一棰化合物是灌自(a) 琛氣化合物,(b)酚化合物,(c)硫化合物,和(d) 胺化合物以及 (3) 0 - 5份重量的(e)亞磷酸三酯化合物及/或 (f )磷酸三酯化合物, R 1 0C00 [ (R 2 0)P COO]n R 3 ---- [ I ] 其中Rt和R3各自獨立為具有不超過30健硪原子的烴 基或者是含有鲢鍵和2-30個硪原子的烴基,而R2則 是含有2至24個硪原子的伸烷基,p為1至100的整數 ,而η則是1至10的整數。 2. 根據申謫專利範園第1項的潤滑油組成物,其中該潤 滑油組成物乃是為了使用於冷凍機中。 3. 根據申諳専利範圃第2項的潤滑油組成物,其中該潤 滑油組成物含有氫化的硪《化合物(HFC)。 4. 一種潤滑油組成物,包括: (1) 100份重量的如下列通式[Η]所示之聚碩酸酯; (2) 0.0002-5份重量的(e)亞磷酸三酯化合物; 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再通寫本頁) 以及 (3) 0 - 5份重量的至少一種化合物是選自(f)亞 磷酸三酯化合物,(a)琿《化合物和(b)酚化合物, Su-0-R ----- [ I ] "60- 木紙讥尺度適川屮闷阐家標苹(CNSMM规格(210x297公i) 81. 4. 5,000 (11)經濟部中央標準局R工消費合作·ΐ·印製 H(OR4)[CH(OR4)]3CHCH2- ··. (〇) -〇 -1 -(C3H60)nCOOR5 ...(E) -(C3H60)n(C2H40)pC00R5 ... (F) (其中R4則是以上述化學式(E)或(F)所表示之基匾, 而Rs則各自獨立為含有不超過30個硪原子的《基或 者是含有醚鍵及2至30個磺原子的烴基,η和p則分 別為1至1 2的整數。 5. 根據申諳專利範画第4項的澗滑油組成物,其中該澗 滑油組成物乃是被使用在冷凍機中。 6. 根據申請專利範圍第5項的潤滑油組成物,其中該潤 滑油組成物乃包含氫化的硪《化合物(HFC)。 -6 1- AT B7 C7 1)7 六 '中AJf十丨苑ii] 其中Su為下列化學式(A >所表之基圃示,而R則是灑 自下列化學式(B), (C), (D), (E)和(F)所表示的基 圃。 tCH2(〇R4) ]CH[CH(OR4) ]3CH- …(A) I-〇 —_I [CH2 (OR4) ] CH [CH (OR4) ] 2C [CH2 (OR4)]-…(B) I-〇 —_I [CH2(OH4) ] CH-O-[CH (OR4) ]3CH- …(C) 木紙伥尺度適)丨)十 l-S W :d;MCNS) ΗΜ规格(2]()X2(J7公—处) 81. 4.Τ00〇Τΐί) ...................................ί ..............发..............................訂..............................線 (J4先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)六、申請4利虼® 7.—種澗滑油組成物,包括: (1) 100份重量的如下列通式[厘]所表示之聚硪酸 酯; (2) 0.0002-5份重*的(e)亞磷酸三»化合物; 和 (3) 0 - 5份重量的至少一種化合物是選自(f)磷 酸三酯化合物,(a)琛氣化合物和(b)酚化合物, (R 4 0)CH 2 [CH(OR 4 )] m CH 2 (OR 4 ) ---- [I ] 其中R4是下列化學式(E)或(F)所示之基圈,而b則 是1至6的整數, (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •襄. 其中R5各自獨立為含有不超過3 0镅硪原子的烴基或 者是含有醚鍵及2至30個磺原子的烴基,而η和p各 為1至12的整數。 8. 根據申誚專利範圍第7項的潤滑油組成物,其中該潤 滑油組成物乃是為了使用於冷凍機中。 9. 根據申諳專利範圍第8項的潤滑油組成物,其中該潤 滑油組成物含有氫化的硪《化合物(HFC)。 _訂· 經濟部中央標準局R工消費合作社印製 線. -62- -(C 3 Η 6 0) η C00R 5 (Ε) -(C 3 Η 6 0) η (C 2 Η 4 0)Ρ C00R 5 (F) 木紙张尺度逋川十阐W家標率(CNS) <「4规格(210乂297公~;«:) 81. 4. 5.000 (H)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3249198A JP2928413B2 (ja) | 1991-09-27 | 1991-09-27 | 潤滑油 |
| JP4154755A JPH05339590A (ja) | 1992-06-15 | 1992-06-15 | 潤滑油 |
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| TW203098B true TW203098B (zh) | 1993-04-01 |
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| KR (1) | KR950014393B1 (zh) |
| CN (2) | CN1029130C (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE153693T1 (zh) |
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| DE68929253T2 (de) * | 1988-12-06 | 2001-02-22 | Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo | Schmieröl für ein Kompressor Kühlgerät |
| US5238590A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1993-08-24 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Lubricant oil, polyalkylene glycol polycarbonates and process for preparing them |
| US5476602A (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1995-12-19 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Polycarbonates, uses thereof, processes for preparing and purifying same |
| IT1270956B (it) * | 1993-07-29 | 1997-05-26 | Euron Spa | Composizione lubrificante a bassa fumosita' per motori a due tempi |
| CA2129380A1 (en) * | 1993-08-11 | 1995-02-12 | Kenichi Sanechika | Lubricant oil composition comprising a fluorine-containing aromatic compound and an alkyl- or alkyl derivative-substituted aromatic compound, and a refrigerant composition containing the same |
| US5401428A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1995-03-28 | Monsanto Company | Water soluble metal working fluids |
| WO1998010435A1 (en) * | 1996-09-05 | 1998-03-12 | Kabushiki Kaisha Miyasaka Gomu | Grommet |
| US6268317B1 (en) | 1997-10-30 | 2001-07-31 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Working fluid for refrigerating cycle equipment and the refrigerating cycle equipment using the same |
| JP4005711B2 (ja) * | 1998-09-29 | 2007-11-14 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 冷凍機油 |
| TW552302B (en) * | 1999-06-21 | 2003-09-11 | Idemitsu Kosan Co | Refrigerator oil for carbon dioxide refrigerant |
| CN1286961C (zh) * | 2000-02-09 | 2006-11-29 | 西铁城钟表股份有限公司 | 润滑油组合物及使用该组合物的手表 |
| WO2002097017A1 (fr) * | 2001-05-28 | 2002-12-05 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Composition d'huile de transmission pour automobile |
| US7722840B2 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2010-05-25 | Placer Dome Technical Services Limited | Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials |
| WO2008027515A2 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2008-03-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Phosphorus-containing stabilizers for fluoroolefins |
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| CN103013624A (zh) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-04-03 | 南通市华东润滑设备有限公司 | 润滑油添加剂 |
| SG11201805790TA (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2018-09-27 | Exxonmobil Res & Eng Co | Lubricant compositions containing controlled release additives |
| WO2017146896A1 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2017-08-31 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Lubricant compositions containing controlled release additives |
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| US2758975A (en) * | 1952-07-02 | 1956-08-14 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Synthetic lubricants |
| DE1006565B (de) * | 1953-08-24 | 1957-04-18 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Synthetisches Schmiermittel |
| US2844448A (en) * | 1955-12-23 | 1958-07-22 | Texas Co | Fuels containing a deposit-control additive |
| US2866758A (en) * | 1956-01-18 | 1958-12-30 | Texas Co | Lubricants containing a depositcontrol additive |
| BE788865A (fr) * | 1971-09-15 | 1973-03-15 | Bayer Ag | Liquides hydrauliques du type esters d'acide carbonique |
| JPS5388007A (en) * | 1977-01-14 | 1978-08-03 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Refrigerator oil composition |
| DE3522165C1 (de) * | 1985-06-21 | 1986-10-30 | Texaco Technologie Europa GmbH, 2102 Hamburg | Schmiermittel und ihre Verwendung |
| WO1990005172A1 (en) * | 1988-11-11 | 1990-05-17 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Tetrafluoroethane composition for a regrigerator |
| IT1230064B (it) * | 1989-04-18 | 1991-09-27 | Euron Spa | Fluido lubrificante per la laminazione a freddo dell'acciaio. |
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| KR960014937B1 (ko) * | 1989-12-14 | 1996-10-21 | 이데미쓰 고산 가부시끼가이샤 | 수소함유 불화 탄화수소 냉매용 냉동기유 조성물 |
| EP0435253B1 (en) * | 1989-12-28 | 1994-03-09 | Nippon Oil Company, Limited | Refrigerator oils for use with hydrogen-containing halogenocarbon refrigerants |
| JP2927483B2 (ja) * | 1990-01-23 | 1999-07-28 | 出光興産株式会社 | ポリカ―ボネート系合成潤滑油 |
| DE69120952T2 (de) * | 1990-04-20 | 1996-11-28 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | Synthetische Schmieröle |
| EP0504410B1 (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1999-01-13 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Polycarbonate, use thereof, production thereof, and purification thereof |
| DE69201983T2 (de) * | 1991-01-18 | 1995-11-23 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | Synthetische Schmieröle. |
-
1992
- 1992-09-21 TW TW081107432A patent/TW203098B/zh active
- 1992-09-23 EP EP96100399A patent/EP0711823A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-09-23 DE DE69219978T patent/DE69219978T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-09-23 AT AT92308663T patent/ATE153693T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-09-23 EP EP99115703A patent/EP0976809A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-09-23 EP EP92308663A patent/EP0534735B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-25 US US07/950,838 patent/US5326486A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-09-25 CA CA002079152A patent/CA2079152C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-09-28 KR KR1019920017660A patent/KR950014393B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-09-28 CN CN92111202A patent/CN1029130C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-10-10 CN CN94116617A patent/CN1034952C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1103888A (zh) | 1995-06-21 |
| EP0976809A2 (en) | 2000-02-02 |
| EP0534735A1 (en) | 1993-03-31 |
| CA2079152A1 (en) | 1993-03-28 |
| US5326486A (en) | 1994-07-05 |
| EP0534735B1 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
| KR950014393B1 (ko) | 1995-11-27 |
| DE69219978D1 (de) | 1997-07-03 |
| EP0711823A2 (en) | 1996-05-15 |
| CN1029130C (zh) | 1995-06-28 |
| HK1001065A1 (zh) | 1998-05-22 |
| DE69219978T2 (de) | 1997-10-09 |
| CN1034952C (zh) | 1997-05-21 |
| EP0711823A3 (zh) | 1996-06-05 |
| ATE153693T1 (de) | 1997-06-15 |
| CA2079152C (en) | 1998-02-17 |
| KR930006145A (ko) | 1993-04-20 |
| CN1072948A (zh) | 1993-06-09 |
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