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TW202336350A - 木材混凝土複合螺釘 - Google Patents

木材混凝土複合螺釘 Download PDF

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TW202336350A
TW202336350A TW111147219A TW111147219A TW202336350A TW 202336350 A TW202336350 A TW 202336350A TW 111147219 A TW111147219 A TW 111147219A TW 111147219 A TW111147219 A TW 111147219A TW 202336350 A TW202336350 A TW 202336350A
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thread
concrete
wood
screw
timber
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TW111147219A
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English (en)
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羅蘭 史契尼爾德
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列支敦斯登商希爾悌股份有限公司
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Publication of TW202336350A publication Critical patent/TW202336350A/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/001Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed
    • F16B25/0031Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed the screw being designed to be screwed into different materials, e.g. a layered structure or through metallic and wooden parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • F16B25/0057Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the screw having distinct axial zones, e.g. multiple axial thread sections with different pitch or thread cross-sections
    • F16B25/0063Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw the screw having distinct axial zones, e.g. multiple axial thread sections with different pitch or thread cross-sections with a non-threaded portion on the shaft of the screw
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0042Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw
    • F16B25/0073Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by the geometry of the thread, the thread being a ridge wrapped around the shaft of the screw characterised by its pitch, e.g. a varying pitch
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/0036Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
    • F16B25/0094Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw the screw being assembled or manufactured from several components, e.g. a tip out of a first material welded to shaft of a second material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Abstract

螺釘具有:一桿,其具有一前端及一後端;一混凝土螺紋,其配置於該桿上;及一木材螺紋,其配置於該桿上,其中該混凝土螺紋及該木材螺紋彼此螺旋對準,且其中該混凝土螺紋比該木材螺紋更接近該前端,其中該木材螺紋具有一嚙合區域,該嚙合區域包括至少一匝該木材螺紋,其中在該嚙合區域中,該木材螺紋隨著距該後端之距離減小而變得更寬。

Description

木材混凝土複合螺釘
本發明係關於一種根據請求項1之前言的螺釘。此螺釘意欲旋擰穿過木材元件至混凝土主體中以用於將木材元件固定至混凝土主體。
具有二個軸向偏移、螺旋對準之螺紋的木材混凝土複合螺釘揭示於EP 1899613 A1中。根據EP 1899613 A1,向後螺紋之螺距略微小於向前螺紋之螺距以便產生夾持力。
本發明之目標為提供一種複合螺釘,其以特別低的製造成本提供特別良好的效能。此目標藉由根據請求項1之裝置來達成。附屬的請求項涉及本發明之較佳實施例。
因此,提供一種螺釘,其具有:一桿,其具有一前端及一後端;一混凝土螺紋,其配置於該桿上;及一木材螺紋,其配置於該桿上,其中該混凝土螺紋及該木材螺紋彼此螺旋對準,且其中該混凝土螺紋比該木材螺紋更接近該前端,其中該木材螺紋具有一嚙合區域,該嚙合區域包括至少二個一匝,較佳地至少1.5匝,更佳地至少二匝該木材螺紋,其中在該嚙合區域中,該木材螺紋隨著距該後端之距離減小而變得更寬。
因此,提供一種木材混凝土螺釘,其意欲旋擰穿過木材元件至混凝土主體中,以便攻絲至混凝土主體中且將木材元件固定至混凝土主體上。混凝土螺紋及木材螺紋軸向偏移,其中混凝土螺紋比木材螺紋更靠近前端定位,使得在安裝螺釘時由混凝土螺紋在前引導。混凝土螺紋意欲在螺釘被旋擰穿過木材元件時將配合螺紋攻絲於木材元件中,且接著在螺釘安裝得較深時將配合螺紋攻絲於混凝土主體中。木材螺紋相對於混凝土螺紋螺旋對準(亦即,木材螺紋及混凝土螺紋大體上定位於共同螺旋上),且因此,當螺釘安裝得較深時,木材螺紋跟隨混凝土螺紋進入由混凝土螺紋切割的配合螺紋中。
木材螺紋具有顯著軸向長度之嚙合區域(具體包括至少一螺旋匝,較佳地至少1.5或2匝木材螺紋),且在此嚙合區域中,木材螺紋隨著距前端之距離增加(亦即,距後端之距離減小)而變得更寬。換言之,螺紋寬度朝向後端增加,其中在所有情況下,「寬度」係平行於螺釘及/或桿部之縱向軸線而判定。具體而言,木材螺紋之螺峰(crest)寬度或/及螺谷(foot)寬度在嚙合區域中可隨著距後端之距離減小而增加。該寬度朝向後方增加可能涉及木材材料在先前由混凝土螺紋攻絲之配合螺紋中之額外移位,從而使得以較低工作量在木材元件中實現特別有效率的楔入及錨定(例如,歸因於在木材螺紋之二個螺腹(flank)處的接觸),亦抵消例如鑒於濕度進入而形成的間隙,其可能為不期望的。因此,可以特別低之工作量來獲得效能特別良好之螺釘。
嚙合區域具體係木材螺紋之中間區域,亦即,其遠離木材螺紋之螺紋起始部及螺紋末端部,且其具有顯著的長度,亦即,其包括至少一匝、1.5匝、二匝、三匝或四匝木材螺紋。
木材螺紋、混凝土螺紋、桿及頭部(在適用時)較佳為鋼部件。其等可較佳地為單體的(monolithic)、但亦可為至少部分地分離之互相緊密連接的部件。鋼可為可硬化碳鋼,但亦可為不鏽鋼/耐腐蝕鋼。碳鋼將通常為較佳解決方案。然而,舉例而言當必須用化學品處理木材時,可能必須使用耐腐蝕鋼。在某些環境條件下(例如,鄰近海洋),亦可能需要使用耐腐蝕鋼。
在整個本文件中,無論在何處使用術語「軸向地(axially)」、「縱向地(longitudinally)」、「徑向地(radially)」及「周向地(circumferentially)」,皆應具體指與螺釘之縱向軸線重合的桿之縱向軸線。
有利地,在嚙合區域中,木材螺紋隨著距後端之距離減小而逐漸變得更寬。鑒於效能及/或製造,逐漸變寬可為有用的。具體而言,可避免非所要的峰值負荷。
木材螺紋具有木材螺紋後引螺腹(timber thread trailing flank),其面向後端,亦即,面向後方。較佳地,木材螺紋後引螺腹之螺距在嚙合區域中大體上恆定。由於木材螺紋後引螺腹之螺距大體上恆定,而木材螺紋之寬度朝向後方增加,因此木材螺紋前導螺腹(timber thread leading flank)(其面向前方,朝向前端)形成螺旋楔形,該螺旋楔形可將木材元件壓抵朝向混凝土主體。
具體而言,木材螺紋後引螺腹之螺距可與混凝土螺紋之螺距大體上相同,此在易於安裝、製造及/或效能方面可為有利的。在此上下文中,「大體上相同(generally the same)」可具體包括典型製造公差,具體而言2%、1%或更少。
尤佳的是,螺釘具有一內部驅動頭,亦即,具有內部驅動的頭部。此可允許頭部特別容易地驅動進入木材元件中。內部驅動可能例如為內部六角驅動。
如上文已提及,混凝土螺紋具體為混凝土攻絲螺紋。至少在混凝土螺紋之一些區中,混凝土螺紋之外螺紋直徑對混凝土螺紋之螺距的比率較佳在1與2之間,具體係在1.2與1.6之間。此等為混凝土攻絲螺紋之典型尺寸。
下文參考較佳例示性實施例更詳細地闡釋本發明,此等實施例在隨附圖式中被示意性地描繪。在本發明之範疇內,下文所呈現之例示性實施例之個別特徵可個別地或以任何組合被實施。
圖1至圖6展示螺釘之實施例。螺釘包含一細長桿10,其具有一前端11及一後端13,其中前端11及後端13為桿10之相對端。桿之縱向軸線99延伸穿過前端11及後端13。前端11為意欲在按預期使用螺釘時首先插入至基材中的該端部。
螺釘進一步包含一頭部19,該頭部在螺釘之後端13處連接至桿10。較佳地,頭部19具有一內部驅動,例如內部六角驅動、十字驅動或其他驅動,其中內部驅動可促進頭部19穿透木材基材。
螺釘進一步包含意欲攻絲至混凝土中之一混凝土螺紋20,及意欲旋擰地嚙合木材元件之一木材螺紋30。在本實施例中,桿10、混凝土螺紋20及木材螺紋30為一體的(integral),但其等亦可為分離且緊密連接的部件。在其他實施例中,螺釘亦可具有至少一個額外螺紋。
混凝土螺紋20及木材螺紋30均環繞在桿10周圍。混凝土螺紋20及木材螺紋30相對於縱向軸線99彼此軸向偏移,其中混凝土螺紋20比木材螺紋30更靠近前端11定位。
螺釘意欲旋擰穿過木材元件至混凝土主體中,使得混凝土螺紋20嚙合混凝土主體,且木材螺紋30嚙合木材元件,從而將木材元件固定至混凝土主體。
混凝土螺紋20為混凝土攻絲螺紋,亦即其具有適合尺寸及足夠硬度以在混凝土基材中形成配合螺紋。混凝土螺紋具有大體上恆定的螺距p 20,例如10 mm。在混凝土螺紋20之大部分區中,混凝土螺紋20之外螺紋直徑d 20對混凝土螺紋20之螺距p 20的比率在1與2之間,具體在1.2與1.6之間。
混凝土螺紋20及木材螺紋30大體上螺旋對準,亦即,其等經配置以遵循共同螺紋螺旋。因此,當螺釘旋擰穿過木材元件時,混凝土螺紋20將在木材元件內形成配合螺紋,且木材螺紋30將隨後在螺釘安裝得較深時佔據此配合螺紋。
木材螺紋30具有面向前端方向(tipward),亦即,面向前端11之一木材螺紋前導螺腹31,及面向後端13之一木材螺紋後引螺腹33。木材螺紋30具有一嚙合區域38,除其螺紋起始部及其螺紋末端部以外,該嚙合區域跨越大部分木材螺紋30,且其在本實施例中包括大約九匝木材螺紋30。至少在嚙合區域38內,木材螺紋30之橫截面(在包括縱向軸線99之截面平面中量測,如在圖2至圖6中可見)係不恆定的且隨著距前端11之距離增加(亦即,隨著距後端13之距離減小)而增加。具體而言,至少在嚙合區域38內,木材螺紋30隨著距前端11之距離增加(亦即,隨著距後端13之距離減小)而持續變寬。更具體而言,至少在嚙合區域38內,木材螺紋30之螺峰寬度w c,30隨著距前端11之距離增加(亦即,隨著距後端13之距離減小)而持續增加,例如自初始值0.3 mm增加至最終值0.7 mm。
木材螺紋後引螺腹33界定螺距p 33,其大體上恆定且具體與混凝土螺紋20之螺距p 20相同。
可能除混凝土螺紋之螺紋起始部及/或螺紋末端部以外,混凝土螺紋20在整個混凝土螺紋20中具有大體上恆定的螺峰寬度w c,20。混凝土螺紋20之恆定螺峰寬度w c,20與木材螺紋30之初始螺峰寬度w c,30大體上相同,木材螺紋30之初始螺峰寬度w c,30存在於嚙合區域38之前端(tipward end)處。
在本實施例中,木材螺紋30之外螺紋直徑d 30在嚙合區域38內大體上恆定,且與混凝土螺紋20之外螺紋直徑d 20大體上相同。在其他實施例中,木材螺紋30之外螺紋直徑d 30可大於混凝土螺紋20之外螺紋直徑d 20。在又其他實施例中,木材螺紋30之外螺紋直徑d 30在嚙合區域38內可不恆定。具體而言,木材螺紋30之外螺紋直徑d 30可隨著其接近後端13而持續增加,例如在朝向頭部19及/或朝向後端13前進的同時自d 20開始至大於d 20之直徑。
10:桿 11:前端 13:後端 19:頭部 20:混凝土螺紋 30:木材螺紋 31:木材螺紋前導螺腹 33:木材螺紋後引螺腹 38:嚙合區域 99:縱向軸線 d 20:直徑 d 30:直徑 p 20:螺距 p 33:螺距 w c,20:螺峰寬度 w c,30:螺峰寬度
[圖1]為螺釘之側視圖。 [圖2]為圖1之螺釘根據圖1中之A-A的截面圖,其中截面平面包括縱向軸線。 [圖3]為根據圖2之詳細視圖D。 [圖4]為根據圖2之詳細視圖E。 [圖5]為根據圖2之詳細視圖F。 [圖6]為嚙合區域內之螺釘的示意性詳細截面圖,其中截面平面包括縱向軸線。
10:桿
30:木材螺紋
31:木材螺紋前導螺腹
33:木材螺紋後引螺腹
38:嚙合區域
99:縱向軸線
p33:螺距
wc,30:螺峰寬度

Claims (6)

  1. 一種螺釘,其具有:一桿(10),該桿具有一前端(11)及一後端(13);一混凝土螺紋(20),其配置於該桿(10)上;及一木材螺紋(30),其配置於該桿(10)上,其中該混凝土螺紋(20)及該木材螺紋(30)彼此螺旋對準,且其中該混凝土螺紋(20)比該木材螺紋(30)更接近該前端(11), 其特徵在於 -       該木材螺紋(30)具有一嚙合區域(38),該嚙合區域包括至少一匝該木材螺紋(30),其中在該嚙合區域(38)中,該木材螺紋(30)隨著距該後端(13)之距離減小而變得更寬。
  2. 如請求項1之螺釘, 其中 在該嚙合區域(38)中,該木材螺紋(30)隨著距該後端(13)之距離減小而逐漸變寬。
  3. 如前述請求項中任一項之螺釘, 其中 該木材螺紋(30)具有一木材螺紋後引螺腹(33),該木材螺紋後引螺腹面向該後端(13),其中該木材螺紋後引螺腹(33)之一螺距(p 33)在該嚙合區域(38)中大體上恆定。
  4. 如請求項3之螺釘, 其中 該木材螺紋後引螺腹(33)之該螺距(p 33)與該混凝土螺紋(20)之一螺距(p 20)大體上相同。
  5. 如前述請求項中任一項之螺釘, 其中 該螺釘具有一內部驅動頭(19)。
  6. 如前述請求項中任一項之螺釘, 其中 至少在該混凝土螺紋(20)之一些區中,該混凝土螺紋(20)之一外螺紋直徑(d 20)對該混凝土螺紋(20)之該螺距(p 20)的一比率在1與2之間,具體在1.2與1.6之間。
TW111147219A 2022-03-09 2022-12-08 木材混凝土複合螺釘 TW202336350A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22161068.6A EP4242476A1 (en) 2022-03-09 2022-03-09 Timber concrete composite screw
EP22161068.6 2022-03-09

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TW202336350A true TW202336350A (zh) 2023-09-16

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US20240084583A1 (en) * 2019-12-13 2024-03-14 Terremoto Limited Masonry cavity wall tie

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DE102006024440B4 (de) * 2006-05-24 2008-05-29 Ludwig Hettich & Co. Schraubanker
DE102006057259A1 (de) * 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 Swg Schraubenwerk Gaisbach Gmbh Schraube
DE102009005916A1 (de) * 2009-01-09 2010-07-22 Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG Schraube
RU2523712C1 (ru) * 2011-04-28 2014-07-20 Нитто Сеико Ко., Лтд. Самонарезающий винт

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