TW202229941A - 遮光構件 - Google Patents
遮光構件 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202229941A TW202229941A TW109134603A TW109134603A TW202229941A TW 202229941 A TW202229941 A TW 202229941A TW 109134603 A TW109134603 A TW 109134603A TW 109134603 A TW109134603 A TW 109134603A TW 202229941 A TW202229941 A TW 202229941A
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- polarizing plate
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Abstract
本發明之遮光構件係具備第1偏光板、面對前述第1偏光板之第2偏光板、及夾於前述第1偏光板以及前述第2偏光板之間的感溫性片，其中，前述第1偏光板以及前述第2偏光板係以各自的穿透軸彼此相異之方式設置，前述感溫性片係含有在未達熔點的溫度進行結晶化，並且，在前述熔點以上的溫度顯示流動性之側鏈結晶性聚合物。使光從前述第1偏光板及前述第2偏光板中之一者朝向另一者行進時，遮光構件可在前述未達熔點的溫度使光穿透，而在前述熔點以上的溫度不使光穿透。
Description
本發明係關於遮光構件。
已知以往有以電控制光的穿透以及非穿透之遮光構件(例如，參照專利文獻1)。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本特開昭58-10717號公報
本發明之課題係提供一種可以溫度控制光的穿透以及非穿透之遮光構件。
本發明之遮光構件，係具備第1偏光板、面對前述第1偏光板之第2偏光板、及夾於前述第1偏光板及前述第2偏光板之間的感溫性
片，其中，前述第1偏光板以及前述第2偏光板係以各自的穿透軸彼此相異之方式設置，前述感溫性片係含有在未達熔點的溫度進行結晶化，並且，在前述熔點以上的溫度顯示流動性之側鏈結晶性聚合物。
藉由本發明，具有可以溫度控制光的穿透以及非穿透之效果。
1:遮光構件
2:第1偏光板
3:第2偏光板
4:感溫性片
圖1係顯示本發明一實施形態中的遮光構件之側面圖。
圖2係圖1顯示之遮光構件的分解斜視圖。
以下，參照圖1以及圖2詳細地說明本發明一實施形態中的遮光構件。
如圖1及圖2所示，本實施形態之遮光構件1係具備第1偏光板2、面對前述第1偏光板之第2偏光板3、及夾於第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3之間的感溫性片4。本實施形態之遮光構件1係在感溫性片4的一面積層有第1偏光板2，感溫性片4之另一面積層有第2偏光板3之積層體。
第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3係以各自的穿透軸彼此相異之方式設置。再者，感溫性片4係含有在未達熔點的溫度進行結晶化，並且，在前述熔點以上的溫度顯示流動性之側鏈結晶性聚合物。
根據上述之構成，可得到能以溫度控制光的穿透以及非穿透之效果。具體而言，上述側鏈結晶性聚合物係具有熔點之聚合物。所謂熔點係藉由某種平衡過程，最初整合為有秩序的配列之聚合體的特定部分成為無秩序狀態之溫度，使用示差熱掃描熱量計(DSC)，以10℃/分鐘之測定條件測定而得之值。側鏈結晶性聚合物，係在上述未達熔點的溫度進行結晶化，並且，在前述熔點以上的溫度顯示流動性。亦即，側鏈結晶性聚合物係具有對應溫度變化產生可逆的結晶狀態及流動狀態(非結晶狀態)之感溫性。感溫性片4係含有如此之側鏈結晶性聚合物，故，具有源自側鏈結晶性聚合物之感溫性。
如上述，第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3係以各自的穿透軸彼此相異之方式設置。因此，在沒有感溫性片4之狀態下，使光按照第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3的順序行進時，穿透第1偏光板2的光不穿透第2偏光板3。就此點而言，使光按照第2偏光板3以及第1偏光板2的順序行進時亦有同樣之情形。
在此，使側鏈結晶性聚合物成為結晶狀態時，光在感溫性片4內部散射。因此，當遮光構件1未達熔點的溫度時，穿透第1偏光板2的光，在穿透感溫性片4時散射，其結果致使光穿透第2偏光板3。再者，側鏈結晶性聚合物為流動狀態時，光不在感溫性片4內部散射。因此，當
遮光構件1在熔點以上的溫度時，穿透第1偏光板2的光，即使穿透感溫性片4亦不散射，故而不穿透第2偏光板3。
據此，遮光構件1除了側鏈結晶性聚合物之感溫性，亦利用側鏈結晶性聚合物之光學特性的變化，故，可藉由溫度控制遮光功能(明暗變化)。亦即，使光從第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3中的一者朝向另一者行進時，遮光構件1在未達熔點的溫度使光穿透，在熔點以上的溫度不使光穿透。例如，遮光構件1在未達熔點的溫度為透明，熔點以上的溫度為黑色。再者，遮光構件1係起因於側鏈結晶性聚合物對應溫度變化產生可逆的結晶狀態和流動狀態，而可重複地操作光的穿透以及非穿透。此外，遮光構件1中的光穿透以及非穿透(遮光功能)，可為能以目視確認的程度。
就第1偏光板2的厚度例如為200至1000μm。就第2偏光板3的厚度例如為200至1000μm。第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3各自的厚度可相同，亦可相異。此外，第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3可使用市販品。
第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3各自的穿透軸，在沒有感溫性片4之狀態下，使光從第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3之中的一方朝向另一方行進時，只要是以穿透一方的光不穿透另一方的角度彼此相異即可。就如此的角度例如可舉出80至100°。此外，圖2係圖示第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3各自的穿透軸彼此呈90°相異的狀態。亦即，圖2所示之第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3，係以各別的穿透軸彼此為90°相異之方式設置。
側鏈結晶性聚合物之熔點較佳係高於23℃，再佳係高於23℃且70℃以下，更佳係35至70℃。熔點高於23℃時，遮光構件1在室溫使光穿透。熔點係例如可藉由改變構成側鏈結晶性聚合物之單體成分的組成等要件而調整。
側鏈結晶性聚合物係包含具有碳數16以上的直鏈狀烷基之(甲基)丙烯酸酯作為單體成分。具有碳數16以上的直鏈狀烷基之(甲基)丙烯酸酯，係其碳數16以上的直鏈狀烷基以側鏈結晶性聚合物中的側鏈結晶性部位產生作用。亦即，側鏈結晶性聚合物係在側鏈具有碳數16以上的直鏈狀烷基之櫛形聚合物，此側鏈藉由分子間力等整合為有秩序的配列進行結晶化。此外，上述(甲基)丙烯酸酯係丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯。
具有碳數16以上的直鏈狀烷基之(甲基)丙烯酸酯可舉例如：(甲基)丙烯酸十六烷基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十八烷基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二十烷基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二十二烷基酯等具有碳數16至22的線狀烷基之(甲基)丙烯酸酯。例示之(甲基)丙烯酸酯可僅使用1種，亦可併用2種以上。在構成側鏈結晶性聚合物之單體成分中，具有碳數16以上的直鏈狀烷基之(甲基)丙烯酸酯較佳為含有10至99重量%，再佳為15至99重量%之比例。
構成側鏈結晶性聚合物之單體成分中，亦可含有能與具有碳數16以上的直鏈狀烷基之(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚合之其他單體。其他單體可舉例如：具有碳數1至6的烷基之(甲基)丙烯酸酯、極性單體等。
具有碳數1至6的烷基之丙烯酸酯可舉例如：(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯等。例示
之(甲基)丙烯酸酯可僅使用1種，亦可併用2種以上。在構成側鏈結晶性聚合物之單體成分中，具有碳數1至6的烷基之(甲基)丙烯酸酯較佳為含有80重量%以下，再佳為0至80重量%之比例。
極性單體可舉例如：丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、巴豆酸、伊康酸、順丁烯二酸、反丁烯二酸等具有羧基之乙烯性不飽和單體；(甲基)丙烯酸2-羥基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羥基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羥基己酯等具有羥基之伸乙基性不飽和單體等。例示之極性單體可僅使用1種，亦可併用2種以上。在構成側鏈結晶性聚合物之單體成分中，極性單體較佳為含有10重量%以下，再佳為1至10重量%之比例。
側鏈結晶性聚合物之較佳組成係具有碳數16以上的直鏈狀烷基之(甲基)丙烯酸為15至90重量%，具有碳數1至6的烷基之(甲基)丙烯酸為5至75重量%，以及極性單體為5至10重量%。側鏈結晶性聚合物之較佳其他的組成係具有碳數16以上的直鏈狀烷基之(甲基)丙烯酸為90至99重量%，以及極性單體為1至10重量%。
單體成分之聚合方法可舉例如：溶液聚合法、塊狀聚合法、懸浮聚合法、乳化聚合法等。在採用溶液聚合法時，將單體成分及溶劑混合，可因應所需添加聚合起始劑、鏈轉移劑等，一邊攪拌一邊在40至90℃左右使反應進行2至10小時左右。
側鏈結晶性聚合物之重量平均分子量較佳為100000以上，再佳為200000至900000，更佳為250000至700000。重量平均分子量係以凝膠滲透層析術(GPC)進行測定，所得到之測定值為聚苯乙烯換算值。
感溫性片4係以成為顯示源自側鏈結晶性聚合物之感溫性的比例，含有側鏈結晶性聚合物即可。例如，感溫性片4可含有側鏈結晶性聚合物作為主成分。主成分係以重量比而言在感溫性片4中含有最多的成分。側鏈結晶性聚合物之含量可為80重量%以上。再者，側鏈結晶性聚合物含量的上限值可為100重量%以下。
感溫性片4係除了側鏈結晶性聚合物之外亦可含有添加劑等。添加劑可舉例如交聯劑等。交聯劑可舉例如：金屬螯合物化合物、氮丙啶化合物、異氰酸酯化合物、環氧化合物等。相對於側鏈結晶性聚合物100重量份，交聯劑之含量較佳為0.1至10重量份。交聯條件是加熱溫度為90至120℃左右，加熱時間為1分鐘至20分鐘左右。
感溫性片4的厚度例如為40至1500μm。此外，感溫性片4不限定於片狀者，只要在不損及本實施形態效果之條件下，亦包含膜狀或板狀等概念。
感溫性片4亦可與第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3直接接觸。此時，由於穿透第1偏光板2或第2偏光板3的光沒有損失而入射至感溫性片4，因此遮光構件1發揮優異的遮光功能。
此外，感溫性片4可不藉由接著劑層等固定第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3，因此，可與第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3直接接觸。具體而言，將感溫性片4的溫度設定為熔點以上的溫度時，側鏈結晶性聚合物顯示流動性，因而可將感溫性片4貼附在第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3。再者，側鏈結晶性聚合物顯示流動性時，感溫性片4追隨存在於第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3的表面上的微細凹凸形狀。然後，將此狀態的
感溫性片4冷卻至未達熔點的溫度時，由於側鏈結晶性聚合物結晶化而顯現所謂的錨定效果，其結果，可藉由感溫性片4固定第1偏光板2以及第2偏光板3。此外，亦可視需要在感溫性片4與第1偏光板2之間插入其他構件亦可。同樣地，亦可在感溫性片4與第2偏光板3之間插入其他的構件。
遮光構件1的形態沒有特別限定。遮光構件1可為例如膜狀、片狀、板狀等。
遮光構件1較佳為使用在遮光功能為必要且容易發生溫度變化的場所。遮光構件1可為例如窗戶玻璃用、分隔用、汽車玻璃用等。此外，遮光構件1的用途不限定於例示者。
以下，列舉合成例及實施例詳細地說明本發明，惟本發明並不僅限定為下列合成例及實施例。
(合成例1至8：側鏈結晶性聚合物)
首先，將表1中所示之單體以表1所示之比例添加至反應容器。表1中所示之單體如下所述。
C22A：丙烯酸二十二烷基酯
C1A：丙烯酸甲酯
C4A：丙烯酸丁酯
AA：丙烯酸
其次，以固形份濃度成為30重量%之方式，將乙酸乙酯：庚烷=70：30(重量比)的混合溶劑添加至反應容器，而得到混合液。藉由將
所得到之混合液在55℃攪拌4小時間使各單體共聚合，得到側鏈結晶性聚合物。
將所得到的側鏈結晶性聚合物之重量平均分子量以及熔點示於表1。重量平均分子量係將GPC測定所得到之測定值經聚苯乙烯換算之值。熔點係使用DSC以10℃/分鐘的測定條件測定的值。
(比較合成例1)
除了將表1所示之單體以表1所示之比例添加反應容器以外，其餘與合成例1至8同樣的方式使各單體共聚合得到聚合物。將所得到之聚合物的重量平均分子量，以與合成例1至8同樣的方式測定。將其結果示於表1。此外，比較合成例1的聚合物是具有黏著性且不具有熔點之聚合物。
[表1]
[實施例1]
<試驗片的製作>
首先，相對於合成例1中所得之側鏈結晶性聚合物100重量份，將交聯劑以1重量份的比例混合得到混合物。所使用之交聯劑如下述。
交聯劑：屬於金屬螯合物化合物之Kawaken Fine Chemicals公司製的乙醯丙酮鋁
接著，使固形份濃度為23重量%之方式，將所得到之混合物藉由乙酸乙酯進行調整，得到塗佈液。然後，將所得到之塗佈液塗佈於置放在加溫至70℃之加熱板上的離型膜，以110℃×3分鐘的條件進行交聯反應，而得到厚度160μm的感溫性片。此外，離型膜係使用表面塗佈有聚矽氧之厚度50μm的聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯膜。
其次，從離型膜取下所得到之感溫性片，並夾於第1偏光板以及第2偏光板之間而獲得積層體。此時，第1偏光板以及第2偏光板係以各自穿透軸彼此90°相異之方式配置。
再者，第1偏光板以及第2偏光板係使用相同的偏光板。所使用之偏光板係如下述。
偏光板：厚度為250μm之Artec公司製之偏光板
接著，將所得到之積層體以乾燥機加溫至熔點以上的溫度(70℃)，使感溫性片貼附在第1偏光板以及第2偏光板。然後，將積層體冷卻至室溫(23℃)，以感溫性片固定第1偏光板以及第2偏光板而得到試驗片。
<評估>
針對實施例1中所得到之試驗片評估遮光功能。具體而言，首先，在室溫以目視觀察試驗片。其結果，試驗片為透明。接著，將試驗片以乾燥機加溫至熔點以上的溫度(70℃)並以目視觀察。其結果，試驗片變化為黑色。然後，將試驗片再次冷卻至室溫並以目視進行觀察。其結果，試驗片變化成為透明。由此等的結果明確得知，實施例1係在未達熔點的溫度使
光穿透，在熔點以上的溫度不使光穿透。再者，實施例1亦得知重複進行光的穿透以及非穿透。
[比較例1]
首先，在比較合成例1中除了使用所得到之聚合物以外，與實施例1同樣的方式進行試驗片之製作，首先得到塗佈液，繼而使用得到之塗佈液獲得厚度160μm的黏著片。接著，將所得到之黏著片夾於第1偏光板以及第2偏光板之間，再將第1偏光板以及第2偏光板以黏著片固定而得到試驗片。此外，第1偏光板以及第2偏光板係使用與實施例1相同者。再者，第1偏光板以及第2偏光板係以各自的穿透軸彼此90°相異之方式配置。試驗片的製作係在室溫進行。
針對比較例1中所得之試驗片，與實施例1同樣的方式評估遮光功能。其結果，試驗片在室溫以及70℃之任一者均為黑色。
1:遮光構件
2:第1偏光板
3:第2偏光板
4:感溫性片
Claims (5)
- 一種遮光構件，係具備第1偏光板、面對前述第1偏光板之第2偏光板、及夾於前述第1偏光板及前述第2偏光板之間的感溫性片，其中，前述第1偏光板及前述第2偏光板係以各自的穿透軸彼此相異之方式設置，前述感溫性片，係含有在未達熔點的溫度進行結晶化，並且，在前述熔點以上的溫度顯示流動性之側鏈結晶性聚合物。
- 如請求項1所述之遮光構件，其中，使光從前述第1偏光板及前述第2偏光板中之一者朝向另一者行進時，該遮光構件在前述未達熔點的溫度使光穿透，在前述熔點以上的溫度不使光穿透。
- 如請求項1或2所述之遮光構件，其中，前述熔點高於23。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之遮光構件，其中，前述側鏈結晶性聚合物，係包含具有碳數16以上的直鏈狀烷基之(甲基)丙烯酸酯作為單體成分。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項所述之遮光構件，其中，前述感溫性片係與前述第1偏光板及前述第2偏光板直接接觸。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2019185854 | 2019-10-09 | ||
| JP2019-185854 | 2019-10-09 |
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| EP (1) | EP4043931A4 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP7584972B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20220074881A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN114450464B (zh) |
| TW (1) | TWI850478B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2021070673A1 (zh) |
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| KR20230163414A (ko) * | 2021-03-29 | 2023-11-30 | 니타 가부시키가이샤 | 차광 부재 |
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| JPS5810717A (ja) | 1981-07-13 | 1983-01-21 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 光シヤツタ |
| US5152111A (en) * | 1987-06-25 | 1992-10-06 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Dual-pane thermal window with liquid crystal shade |
| EP1304161B1 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2007-02-28 | Pacific Corporation | Thermotropic liquid crystal polymer microcapsules, a method for preparing the same, and cosmetic compositions containing the same |
| JP5500491B2 (ja) * | 2006-02-06 | 2014-05-21 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 温度応答性高分子組成物 |
| CA2970259C (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2018-11-06 | Ravenbrick, Llc | Thermally switched reflective optical shutter |
| US8169685B2 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2012-05-01 | Ravenbrick, Llc | Thermally switched absorptive window shutter |
| JP6076261B2 (ja) * | 2011-01-28 | 2017-02-08 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＭｅｒｃｋ Ｐａｔｅｎｔ Ｇｅｓｅｌｌｓｃｈａｆｔ ｍｉｔ ｂｅｓｃｈｒａｅｎｋｔｅｒ Ｈａｆｔｕｎｇ | 光透過を制御するための層配列 |
| WO2013020629A1 (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2013-02-14 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Layer arrangement for the regulation of light transmission |
| JP6114004B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-10 | 2017-04-12 | 日東電工株式会社 | 粘着剤組成物、及び粘着シート |
| JP6317677B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-27 | 2018-04-25 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＭｅｒｃｋ Ｐａｔｅｎｔ Ｇｅｓｅｌｌｓｃｈａｆｔ ｍｉｔ ｂｅｓｃｈｒａｅｎｋｔｅｒ Ｈａｆｔｕｎｇ | 光透過性表面を通してのエネルギーの通過の温度依存性調節のためのデバイス |
| JP6330401B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-18 | 2018-05-30 | 藤倉化成株式会社 | ブロック共重合体の製造方法、フィルムの製造方法、および塗料の製造方法 |
| JP6967908B2 (ja) * | 2016-09-09 | 2021-11-17 | ニッタ株式会社 | 感温性粘着シートおよびこれを用いるウエハの製造方法 |
| JP2018178060A (ja) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-11-15 | ニッタ株式会社 | 感温性粘着剤 |
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- 2020-09-29 US US17/765,701 patent/US12332508B2/en active Active
- 2020-09-29 WO PCT/JP2020/036863 patent/WO2021070673A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2020-10-06 TW TW109134603A patent/TWI850478B/zh active
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| JP2021060578A (ja) | 2021-04-15 |
| US20220404646A1 (en) | 2022-12-22 |
| JP7584972B2 (ja) | 2024-11-18 |
| EP4043931A4 (en) | 2023-10-11 |
| TWI850478B (zh) | 2024-08-01 |
| KR20220074881A (ko) | 2022-06-03 |
| US12332508B2 (en) | 2025-06-17 |
| CN114450464A (zh) | 2022-05-06 |
| EP4043931A1 (en) | 2022-08-17 |
| WO2021070673A1 (ja) | 2021-04-15 |
| CN114450464B (zh) | 2024-04-12 |
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