TW202141323A - Method of producing 3d digital building model - Google Patents
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本發明係有關於一種建構3維數位建築物模型的方法。The present invention relates to a method for constructing a three-dimensional digital building model.
目前有關建構3維數位建築物模型的方法,如我國專利申請案第086109608 號所示之方法係包括: (a)提供構成該立體建築物影像之一二維空間描述資料集合; (b)利用該二維空間描述資料集合經一第一運算後生成一三維空間模型集合;以及 (c)將該三維空間模型集合經一第二運算轉為一像素點集合映射至該顯示幕上,以得致一立體建築物影像。The current methods for constructing 3-dimensional digital building models, as shown in my country Patent Application No. 086109608, include: (a) Provide a collection of two-dimensional space description data constituting the image of the three-dimensional building; (b) Use the two-dimensional space description data set to generate a three-dimensional space model set after a first operation; and (c) The three-dimensional space model set is transformed into a pixel point set through a second operation and mapped onto the display screen to obtain a three-dimensional building image.
惟,上述我國專利案所揭示的方法,設計者所載入的二維空間描述資料檔,必須是所要建構3維建築模型完整的二維空間描述,才足以所需要的3維立體建築物影像。然,當完成後,若設計者要改變建築中的一部分,便必須重新載入修改後的完整二維空間描述資料,重新再生成新的3維立體建築物影像,設計者無法立即、直接地對所建立的3維建築模型中的部分圖元進行修改。However, for the method disclosed in the aforementioned Chinese patent case, the two-dimensional space description data file loaded by the designer must be a complete two-dimensional space description of the three-dimensional building model to be constructed to be sufficient for the required three-dimensional building image . However, when the designer wants to change a part of the building, he must reload the modified complete two-dimensional space description data and regenerate a new three-dimensional building image. The designer cannot immediately and directly Modify some primitives in the established 3D architectural model.
另外在中國發明專利 CN103325145A一案中,係提供一種裝配式建築的參數化建模設計方法,包括如下步驟: (a)提取參數,即從建築的CAD結構施工圖中拆分出各構件,每個不同的構件以不同的參數表示,提取出每個構件的參數信息; (b)錄入參數; (c)將各個構件的參數信息存入數據庫中,並錄入UG軟件中,用於形成各個構件的三維模型; (d)裝配碰撞; (e)在UG軟件中相應裝配相鄰的多個構件的三維模型,對構件進行碰撞檢測和碰撞調整; (f)審核出圖,把合格的標準構件的三維模型轉化為二維圖紙; (g)多個標準構件用於共同形成該裝配式建築。使用本發明的方法可以高效率地拆分房屋的結構施工圖為眾多的標準構件,可以詳盡準確地給出各標準構件的二維圖,並儘早地準確算出生產製造用的材料清單。In addition, in the case of Chinese invention patent CN103325145A, a parametric modeling design method for prefabricated buildings is provided, which includes the following steps: (a) Extracting parameters, that is, splitting each component from the CAD structure construction drawing of the building, each different component is represented by a different parameter, and the parameter information of each component is extracted; (b) Input parameters; (c) Store the parameter information of each component in the database and enter it into the UG software to form a three-dimensional model of each component; (d) Assembly collision; (e) Assemble the three-dimensional models of multiple adjacent components in the UG software, and perform collision detection and collision adjustment on the components; (f) Examine the drawings and convert the three-dimensional models of qualified standard components into two-dimensional drawings; (g) Multiple standard components are used to jointly form the prefabricated building. Using the method of the present invention, the structural construction drawings of the house can be efficiently divided into numerous standard components, the two-dimensional diagrams of each standard component can be given in detail and accurately, and the material list for production can be accurately calculated as soon as possible.
該CN103325145A案,其中UG軟件僅具有一模擬碰撞的功能,並無法對所載入的圖元件進行形狀改變,即設計者必需重新回到CAD中去更改各別圖元的形狀特徵。In the CN103325145A case, the UG software only has a function of simulating collisions and cannot change the shape of the loaded graphic elements, that is, the designer must go back to the CAD to change the shape features of the individual graphic elements.
由於同類型的建築物,往往擁有形狀特徵相同或相似,但尺寸不同的元件,例如相同或相似形狀特徵的屋脊應用於不同建築時,可能需要不同的曲度、長度或徑度,若設計者在設計不同建築物時,皆要分別對特徵相同或相似的建築元件重新繪製,便顯極不經濟,該第086109608 號及CN103325145A,便有上述缺點,實有改進必要。Because buildings of the same type often have elements with the same or similar shape and features but different sizes, for example, when roof ridges with the same or similar shape and features are applied to different buildings, different curvatures, lengths or diameters may be required. If the designer When designing different buildings, it is extremely uneconomical to redraw the building elements with the same or similar features. The No. 086109608 and CN103325145A have the above-mentioned shortcomings, and there is a need for improvement.
本案發明人有鑑於此,乃加予研究,終揭示本發明所示建構3維數位建築物模型的方法。In view of this, the inventor of the present case made additional research and finally revealed the method of constructing a 3-dimensional digital building model according to the present invention.
本發明之目的旨在提供一種建構3維數位建築物模型的方法,係包括: (a) 建立3維建築圖元的圖庫,各該3維建築圖元含有至少一個特徵參數,該圖庫係就建築物特定部位區分、歸納各該3維建築圖元所屬的類別,並將構成各該3維建築圖元的特徵參數分別建立一對應的特徵參數表,且令在同類的各3維建築圖元中,分別至少含有一個共同特徵參數; (b) 在一作業區中,設置至少一工作區及至少一參數編輯區;The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a 3-dimensional digital building model, which includes: (a) Establish a library of 3D architectural primitives. Each 3D architectural primitive contains at least one characteristic parameter. The gallery distinguishes and summarizes the category to which each 3D architectural primitive belongs based on specific parts of the building, and will constitute A corresponding feature parameter table is established for the characteristic parameters of each 3D architectural graphic element, and each 3D architectural graphic element of the same kind contains at least one common characteristic parameter; (b) Set up at least one work area and at least one parameter editing area in a work area;
在該作業區的工作區中標定要配置構成建築部位中各3維建築圖元所要放置的位置,以該圖庫將所對應的3維建築圖元插入該工作區所對應標定的位置,並在該參數編輯區讀入所選擇之3維建築圖元的特徵參數表,以供操作者進行參數修改。In the working area of the work area, the calibration should be configured to configure the position of each 3D building element in the building part to be placed, use the library to insert the corresponding 3D building element into the calibration position corresponding to the work area, and The parameter editing area reads in the characteristic parameter table of the selected 3D building primitives for the operator to modify the parameters.
本發明所揭示建構3維數位建築物模型的方法,其中各該3維建築圖元所對應的特徵參數表中,係含有點控制器,用對該3維建築圖元標定至少兩參考點,使該3維建築圖元依所標定之各該參考點間的相對關係進行變形。The method for constructing a 3-dimensional digital building model disclosed in the present invention, wherein the characteristic parameter table corresponding to each 3-dimensional architectural graphic element contains a point controller for calibrating at least two reference points for the 3-dimensional architectural graphic element, The 3D architectural graphic element is deformed according to the relative relationship between the calibrated reference points.
本發明所揭示建構3維數位建築物模型的方法,其中各該3維建築圖元所對應的特徵參數表中,係含有至少一曲線控制器,該3維建築圖元可由至少一截面沿該曲線進行掃掠或混成成形,令曲線控制器改變該特徵參數表中該曲線之曲率或法線方向時,便可使該3維建築圖元之形狀隨之產生改變。The method for constructing a 3-dimensional digital building model disclosed in the present invention, wherein the characteristic parameter table corresponding to each 3-dimensional architectural graphic element contains at least one curve controller, and the 3-dimensional architectural graphic element can be formed by at least one cross-section along the When the curve is swept or blended, and the curve controller changes the curvature or normal direction of the curve in the characteristic parameter table, the shape of the 3D architectural primitive can be changed accordingly.
本發明所揭示建構3維數位建築物模型的方法,其中各該3維建築圖元所對應的特徵參數表中,可含有至少二或二以上的複數曲線控制器,該3維建築圖元可由至少一截面沿該複數曲線進行掃掠或混成成形,令各個該曲線分別由一曲線控制器所控制,如是便可以藉由調整各該曲線控制器的參數,以改變該3維建築圖元之形狀。The method for constructing a 3-dimensional digital building model disclosed in the present invention, wherein the characteristic parameter table corresponding to each 3-dimensional architectural graphic element may contain at least two or more complex curve controllers, and the 3-dimensional architectural graphic element may be At least one section is swept or blended along the complex curve, so that each curve is controlled by a curve controller. In this case, the parameters of each curve controller can be adjusted to change the 3D architectural primitive. shape.
本發明之可取實體可由以下說明或所附圖式,而得以明晰。The desirable entities of the present invention can be clarified from the following description or the accompanying drawings.
請參閱圖1所示,本發明係有關於一種建構3維數位建築物模型的方法,係包括: (a) 建立3維建築圖元的圖庫,各該3維建築圖元至少含有一個特徵參數,該圖庫可就建築特定部位區分、歸納各該3維建築圖元所屬的類別,並將構成各該3維建築圖元的特徵參數分別建立一對應的特徵參數表,且令在同類的各3維建築圖元中,分別至少含有一個共同特徵參數; (b) 在一作業區中,設置有工作區及至少一參數編輯區; (c) 在該作業區的工作區中標定要配置構成建築部位中各3維建築圖元所要放置的位置,以該圖庫將所對應的3維建築圖元插入該工作區所對應標定的位置,並在該參數編輯區讀入所選擇之3維建築圖元的特徵參數表,以供操作者進行參數修改。Please refer to Figure 1. The present invention relates to a method for constructing a 3-dimensional digital building model, which includes: (a) Establish a library of 3D architectural primitives. Each 3D architectural primitive contains at least one characteristic parameter. The gallery can distinguish and summarize the category to which each 3D architectural primitive belongs with respect to specific parts of the building, and compose each A corresponding feature parameter table is established for the characteristic parameters of the 3D architectural graphic element, and each 3D architectural graphic element of the same kind contains at least one common characteristic parameter; (b) In a work area, there is a work area and at least one parameter editing area; (c) In the work area of the work area, the calibration should be configured to configure the position where each 3D building element in the building part is to be placed, and the corresponding 3D building element is inserted into the corresponding calibrated position of the work area with the library , And read in the feature parameter table of the selected 3D architectural primitive in the parameter editing area for the operator to modify the parameters.
本發明所揭示建構3維數位建築物模型的方法,其中令該圖庫是以建築物特定部位進行區分、歸納各該3維建築圖元所屬的類別,例如以屋頂、脊、樑、瓦、柱、牆面…等等進行3維建築圖元所屬類別的分類及建檔,本發明並不予自限。The method of constructing a 3-dimensional digital building model disclosed in the present invention, wherein the library is distinguished by specific parts of the building, and the category to which each 3-dimensional architectural graphic element belongs is summarized, such as roof, ridge, beam, tile, column , Wall... etc. to classify and file the category of the 3D architectural graphic elements, the present invention is not self-limiting.
本發明用以操作作業區(10)介面,如圖2所示,是包括一工作區(11)及至少一參數編輯區(12),工作區(11)用以插入所選取之3維建築圖元。各該3維建築圖元可以如圖2中所示之屋頂(31)、屋脊(32)、柱(33)、基地(34)…等等的3維建築圖元。設計者可以藉由參數編輯區(12)所載入對應3維建築圖元的特徵參數表(40),針對所選擇的3維建築圖元,更換在圖庫中同一類別但不同形狀的3維建築圖元,例如在圖2中選擇的屋脊(32),設計者可以點選在圖2或圖3之參數編輯區(12)中所顯示之不同屋脊(32')3維建築圖元進行更換。The present invention is used to operate the interface of the work area (10), as shown in Figure 2, it includes a work area (11) and at least one parameter editing area (12). The work area (11) is used to insert the selected 3-dimensional building Primitive. Each of the 3D architectural graphic elements can be 3D architectural graphic elements such as roof (31), roof (32), column (33), base (34), etc. as shown in FIG. 2. The designer can use the characteristic parameter table (40) corresponding to the 3D architectural primitives loaded in the parameter editing area (12), and for the selected 3D architectural primitives, replace the 3D with the same category but different shapes in the gallery Building primitives, such as the roof ridge (32) selected in Fig. 2, the designer can click on the different roof ridges (32') displayed in the parameter editing area (12) of Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 to proceed replace.
如圖3所示,本發明所揭示建構3維數位建築物模型的方法,其中各該3維建築圖元所對應的特徵參數表(40)中,係含有點控制器(41),用對該3維建築圖元標定至少兩參考點,使該3維建築圖元依所標定之各該參考點間的相對關係進行變形;例如一柱子形狀的3維建築圖元,在3維建築圖元的兩端分別標定有參考點a、b點,當改變該a、b點間之距離參數時,便可以改變該3維建築圖元的長度、寬度、厚度或直徑,本發明並不自限標定參考點的數目。As shown in Fig. 3, the method for constructing a 3-dimensional digital building model disclosed in the present invention, wherein the characteristic parameter table (40) corresponding to each 3-dimensional building element contains a point controller (41), The 3D architectural graphic element is calibrated at least two reference points, so that the 3D architectural graphic element is deformed according to the relative relationship between the calibrated reference points; for example, a pillar-shaped 3D architectural graphic element is The two ends of the element are respectively calibrated with reference points a and b. When the distance parameter between the a and b points is changed, the length, width, thickness or diameter of the 3D architectural element can be changed. The present invention is not automatic Limit the number of calibration reference points.
本發明所揭示建構3維數位建築物模型的方法,其中各該3維建築圖元所對應的特徵參數表(40)中,係含有至少一曲線控制器(42),該3維建築圖元可由至少一截面沿該曲線進行掃掠或混成成形。緣此,當設計者藉由曲線控制器(42)改變該特徵參數表(40)中該曲線之曲率或法線方向時,便可使該3維建築圖元之形狀隨之產生改變;例如圖3中屋脊(32’)其特徵是由一半圓截面沿一曲線掃掠成型,當使用者藉由曲線控制器(42)改變該屋脊(32’)所依據成形之曲線曲率參數後,如圖4所示,便可改變該屋脊(32’)所彎曲的曲率半徑,如圖5所示,藉另一曲線控制器(42)改變該屋頂(31)所依據成形之曲線曲率參數後,改變屋頂(31)之形狀,以因應設計者對於不同3維建築物的設計需求。The method for constructing a three-dimensional digital building model disclosed in the present invention, wherein the characteristic parameter table (40) corresponding to each of the three-dimensional architectural graphic element contains at least one curve controller (42), and the three-dimensional architectural graphic element At least one cross-section can be swept along the curve or formed by blending. Therefore, when the designer changes the curvature or normal direction of the curve in the characteristic parameter table (40) through the curve controller (42), the shape of the 3D architectural primitive can be changed accordingly; for example, The roof ridge (32') in Fig. 3 is characterized by a semicircular cross-section that is swept and formed along a curve. When the user uses the curve controller (42) to change the curve curvature parameters of the roof (32'), such as As shown in Figure 4, the radius of curvature of the roof (32') can be changed. The shape of the roof (31) is changed to meet the designer's design requirements for different 3-dimensional buildings.
本發明所揭示建構3維數位建築物模型的方法,其中各該3維建築圖元所對應的特徵參數表(40)中,如圖3所示,係可含有至少二或二以上的複數曲線控制器(42),該3維建築圖元可由至少一截面沿該複數曲線進行掃掠或混成成形,令各個該曲線分別由一曲線控制器(42)所控制,如是便可以藉由調整各該曲線控制器的參數,以改變該3維建築圖元之形狀。The method for constructing a 3-dimensional digital building model disclosed in the present invention, wherein the characteristic parameter table (40) corresponding to each 3-dimensional architectural graphic element, as shown in FIG. 3, may contain at least two or more complex curves Controller (42), the 3D architectural primitives can be swept or blended into at least one cross-section along the complex curve, so that each curve is controlled by a curve controller (42). If so, it can be adjusted by each curve. The parameters of the curve controller are used to change the shape of the 3D architectural primitive.
本發明所揭示建構3維數位建築物模型的方法,其中該各3維建築圖元中之共同特徵參數是指軸、曲線、長度、寬度、高度、直徑、長度、孔徑、矩陣函數、角度、比例或參考點其中之一或任一組合,本發明並不予自限。The method for constructing a three-dimensional digital building model disclosed in the present invention, wherein the common characteristic parameters in the three-dimensional building primitives refer to axis, curve, length, width, height, diameter, length, aperture, matrix function, angle, One or any combination of ratio or reference point is not self-limiting in the present invention.
上述該矩陣函數是指層數、節點數、階數或依一圓心排列的數值。設計者便可以藉由改變該矩陣函數值達到變換柱子繞一圓心或曲線的數目、屋頂的層數、多角形屋頂的角落數…等等,本發明並不予自限。The above-mentioned matrix function refers to the number of layers, the number of nodes, the number of orders, or the values arranged according to the center of a circle. The designer can change the value of the matrix function to transform the number of columns around a circle center or curve, the number of roof layers, the number of corners of the polygonal roof, etc. The present invention is not self-limiting.
本發明所揭示之方法,可於不違本發明之精神、範疇下予以修飾應用,並不自限於上述之實施方式。The method disclosed in the present invention can be modified and applied without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention, and is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments.
(10):作業區 (11):工作區 (12):參數編輯區 (31):屋頂 (32)(32’):屋脊 (33):柱 (34):基地 (40):特徵參數表 (41):點控制器 (42):曲線控制器(10): Work area (11): Work area (12): Parameter editing area (31): Roof (32)(32’): roof ridge (33): Column (34): Base (40): Characteristic parameter table (41): Point controller (42): Curve Controller
圖1:係本發明之流程圖。 圖2:係本發明之作業區介面示意圖。 圖3:係自圖2切換工作區中屋脊3維建築圖元之示意圖。 圖4:係本發明藉由曲線控制器變換對應屋脊形狀之示意圖。 圖5:係本發明藉由曲線控制器變換對應屋頂形狀之示意圖。Figure 1: The flow chart of the present invention. Figure 2: A schematic diagram of the working area interface of the present invention. Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the 3D building primitives on the roof ridge in the switching work area from Figure 2. Figure 4: is a schematic diagram of the present invention using a curve controller to transform the corresponding roof shape. Figure 5: is a schematic diagram of the present invention using a curve controller to transform the corresponding roof shape.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115033971A (en) * | 2022-07-03 | 2022-09-09 | 陈俊铭 | Building generation method, building generation device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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