TW201932800A - Coaxial heterogeneous hyperspectral system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coaxial heterogeneous hyperspectral system for receiving an optical image of a target object. The optical imaging system comprises an optical unit, a spectral image system and a uniform light unit. The optical unit is used to focus the optical image on a focal plane in the optical unit. The spectral image system includes a first spectral image unit and a second spectral image unit. The first spectral image unit and the second spectral image unit are arranged on one side of the optical unit opposite to the target object, configured to receive a first range and a second range band image information of the optical image, respectively. The uniform light unit is disposed around the optical unit and is connected to a light source to homogenize the light emitted by the light source and project it onto the target.

Description

Coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system

The present invention relates to an optical imaging system, and more particularly to a coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system.

Any substance consists of atomic molecules. There are various forms of structural energy depending on the interatomic or molecular structure, so that the spectrum of each substance varies with the structural energy. In general, in a spectral image of a substance, a spectrum number of 100 or less is called a multi-spectral image, and a spectrum number of 100 or more is called a hyper-spectral image.

Hyper-spectrometers are used in a wide range of applications, including visible light spectrum, invisible light spectrum, object (animal/plant/mineral) image spectrum, near-infrared NIR spectral images, multi-channel fiber-spectrum imaging systems, Remote sensing, space telemetry, spectral imaging in biomedical applications, color adjustment of displays, and intelligent Missile Seeker (IMS) applications.

However, the traditional hyperspectral imaging system is mostly a single-segment architecture. In practical applications, the observable range may be slightly insufficient.

An object of the present invention is to provide a coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system combined with a hyperspectral imaging system of a dual range band, which can simultaneously obtain a hyperspectral solution at a single time point. Spectral information and band image information.

A coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system is used to receive an optical image of the object. The optical imaging system preferably includes an optical unit, a spectral imaging system, and a light homogenizing unit. The optical unit is used to focus the optical image on a focal plane in the optical unit. The spectral imaging system includes a first spectral image unit and a second spectral image unit. The first spectral image unit and the second spectral image unit are disposed on one side of the optical unit opposite to the target for respectively receiving the first and second ranges of the band image information of the optical image. The light homogenizing unit is disposed around the optical unit and connected to the light source to homogenize the light emitted by the light source and project it to the target.

Compared with the prior art, the optical imaging system of the present invention combines a dual-band hyperspectral imaging system to obtain spectral information and band image information of high spectral resolution at a single time point.

1‧‧‧ Optical Imaging System

11‧‧‧ Optical unit

12‧‧‧ Optical unit

13‧‧‧Spectral Imaging System

14‧‧‧Dod light unit

15‧‧‧ Optical unit

16‧‧‧beam splitter

17‧‧‧ Optical unit

18‧‧‧Mirror

131‧‧‧First Spectral Image Unit

132‧‧‧Second spectral image unit

133‧‧‧ Space window

134‧‧ ‧ splitter

135‧‧ ‧Photoreceptor

136‧‧‧ processor

137‧‧‧slit

2‧‧‧ Optical Imaging System

21‧‧‧ Optical unit

22‧‧‧ Optical unit

23‧‧‧Spectral Imaging System

24‧‧‧Relay module

25‧‧‧Dod light unit

26‧‧‧ Optical unit

27‧‧‧beam splitter

28‧‧‧ Optical unit

29‧‧‧Mirror

30‧‧‧shading unit

31‧‧‧Shielding unit

32‧‧‧ Robotic arm

211‧‧‧Focus

231‧‧‧First Spectral Image Unit

232‧‧‧Second spectral image unit

241‧‧‧Relay lens

T‧‧‧ target

A‧‧‧ position

A’‧‧‧ column optical image

B‧‧‧ position

B’‧‧‧ column optical image

C‧‧‧ position

C'‧‧‧ column optical image

S‧‧‧ light source

1A is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of the present invention.

FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a first spectral image unit of the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of the present invention.

3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of the present invention.

4A is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of the present invention.

4B is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a relay module of the present invention.

5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of the present invention.

6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of the present invention.

7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of the present invention.

8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of the present invention.

In the following, a plurality of embodiments of the present invention will be disclosed in the accompanying drawings. For the purpose of clarity, the details of the invention are described in the following description. However, it should be understood that these practical details are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, some of the known structures and elements are illustrated in the drawings in a simplified schematic representation.

Please refer to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system 1 is used to receive an optical image of the target T. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system 1 preferably includes optical units 11, 12, a spectral imaging system 13, and a light homogenizing unit 14. The optical units 11, 12 are preferably, but not limited to, lenses, image fiber optic probes, microscopes, telescopes, and the like. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can flexibly select embodiments of the optical units 11, 12 depending on factors such as the size of the target, the distance from the target, and the like. Mainly used to focus the received optical image on its focal plane (not shown). The optical image of the object T formed on the focal plane contains a plurality of column optical images that are parallel to each other. In other words, the imaging at the focal plane can be divided into a series of column optical images that can be transmitted to the rear spectral image system 13.

The spectral image system 13 preferably includes a first spectral image unit 131 and a second spectral image unit 132, such as a hyperspectral meter, but is not limited thereto. In detail, as shown in FIG. 1B , taking the first spectral image unit 131 as an example, the first spectral image unit 131 includes a spatial window 133 , a beam splitter 134 , a photoreceptor 135 , and a processor 136 . The space window 133 has a slit 137. In the present embodiment, the space window 133 is configured to pass the received column optical image through the space window 133 via the slit 137 of the space window 133. The beam splitter 134 is used to diffract the column optical image passing through the slit 137 into a two-dimensional image, such as a two-dimensional hyper-spectral image. Photoreceptor The 135 is configured to convert the two-dimensional high-spectrum image into an electronic signal, wherein the photoreceptor 135 can include at least one of a charge-coupling element and a complementary metal-oxygen semiconductor. The processor 136 is configured to analyze the two-dimensional high-spectrum image based on the electronic signal. In this manner, after the first spectral image unit 131 extracts all the column optical images, the high-spectrum image of the entire target T can be analyzed.

The first spectral image unit 131 and the second spectral image unit 132 are disposed on one side of the optical unit 11 and 12 opposite to the target T for receiving the first and second ranges of the band image information of the optical image. In this embodiment, the target T, the optical unit 11, and the first spectral image unit 131 are preferably arranged on the same straight line. Similarly, the target T, the optical unit 12, and the second spectral image unit 132 are also arranged on the same straight line. Further, the optical unit 11 and the first spectral image unit 131 are arranged side by side with the optical unit 12 and the second spectral image unit 132.

In this embodiment, the wavelengths of the band image information of the first and second ranges are different. In this embodiment, the visible light and the short-wave infrared light are taken as an example, but not limited thereto, as long as the wavelength of the image information of the two range bands is Different.

The light homogenizing unit 14 is disposed around the optical units 11, 12 and respectively connected to the external light source S for homogenizing the light emitted by the light source and uniformly projecting it onto the observation surface of the target T. The purpose is to reduce the influence of light spots and ambient light during imaging, and to reduce errors caused by image measurement. In this embodiment, the light-sharing units 14 are respectively disposed on the sides of the optical units 11 and 12, but are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, only one light homogenizing unit 14 can be erected between the two optical units 11 and 12.

The leveling unit 14 is preferably, but not limited to, a cylindrical lens. The lenticular lens can be used to convert the light emitted by the light source S into a line source or a surface source for use in different scanning modes. The light source S may be a light emitting diode, a laser light, a halogen light, a cold light, a fluorescent light, etc., and there is no specific limit. system. The light source S can be connected to the light homogenizing unit 14 through a light pipe (not shown) to improve light transmission efficiency.

Another embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 2, which has a hardware architecture substantially the same as the foregoing embodiment. The difference is that only one optical unit 15 is required in the present embodiment, and the beam splitter 16 is disposed behind the optical unit 15. In detail, the beam splitter 16 is located between the optical unit 15 and the spectral imaging system 13. The optical unit 15 transmits the received optical image to the beam splitter 16 , and the optical image information of different ranges of wavelengths is respectively transmitted to the first spectral image unit 131 and the second spectral image unit 132 by the beam splitter 16 . The beam splitter 16 of the present embodiment is bounded by a wavelength of 925 nm, but is not limited thereto.

Referring to Figure 3, another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, only one optical unit 17 is required, and the difference is that a mirror 18 is disposed beside the beam splitter 16 , and the mirror 18 reflects the optical image information transmitted from the beam splitter 16 to the corresponding spectral image unit. In this embodiment, the first spectral image unit 131 directly receives the first range of band image information transmitted by the beam splitter 16 , and the second spectral image unit 132 receives the second range of band image reflected by the mirror 18 . News.

It should be noted that the present embodiment is disposed through the mirror 18, so that two spectral image units can be arranged side by side. Compared with the embodiment of FIG. 2, the volume of the entire system can be effectively reduced.

It should be noted that, in practice, depending on whether the target T is suitable for movement, the scanning method is also different. In one case, the optical imaging system 1 is preferably applicable to the manner in which the object T is suitable for mobile scanning. That is, the target T can be moved relative to the coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system 1. In actual operation, the target T can be placed on a mobile platform, such as a stepper motor moving platform, a conveyor belt, or the like. When the target T moves, the spectral imaging system 13 is fixed in its position and observation field of view. And, during the movement of the target T, scanning and sequentially Establish spectral information for each column of optical imagery. Further, the first spectral image unit 131 can establish spectral information of a column of optical images (ie, first-band image information) in a certain wavelength band (eg, visible light, but not limited thereto), and the second spectral image unit 132 is established. Another band column (for example, short-wave infrared light, but not limited to this) spectral information of the optical image (ie, second-band image information). In this embodiment, the light is preferably the light emitted by the line source.

In another case, it is applicable to the case where the target T is not suitable for movement. In this case, the spectral imaging system 13 can be mounted on a mobile platform, such as a stepper motor driven platform. That is, the spectral imaging system 13 is movable relative to the target T. Accordingly, the coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system 1 can scan the target T. It should be noted that the scanning method preferably irradiates the target T with the light generated by the surface light source.

In the above case, when the target T is not suitable for movement, the entire coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system 1 can also be scanned. That is, the coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system 1 is movable relative to the target T. In this case, the light is preferably the light emitted by the line source. The moving mode of the coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system 1 is the same as the above embodiment, and will not be further described herein.

For another embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B. The hardware architecture of the present embodiment is similar to that of FIGS. 1A and 1B. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system 2 preferably includes optical units 21, 22, a spectral imaging system 23, and a light homogenizing unit 25. The spectral imaging system 23 includes a first spectral image unit 231 and a second spectral image unit 232. The difference is that the present embodiment provides a relay module 24 between the optical units 21, 22 and the spectral imaging system 23. The relay module 24 is movable relative to the optical units 21, 22, the spectral imaging system 23, the light-sharing unit 25, and the target T.

The relay module 24 can include a relay lens 241. As shown in FIG. 4B, the first spectral image unit 231 is taken as an example. If the relay lens 241 is at the position B, the relay lens 241 can transmit a column of light. The image B' is transferred to the first spectral image unit 231; if the relay lens 241 is moved to the position A, the relay lens 241 can transmit another column of the optical image A' to the first spectral image unit 231; if the relay lens 241 is moved to At position C, the relay lens 241 can transmit a further array of optical images C' to the first spectral image unit 231.

Therefore, after the relay module 24 transmits the column optical images to the first spectral image unit 231 one by one, the first spectral image unit 231 can capture the image of the entire target T and analyze the spectral information of the entire target T. It should be noted that, in order to enable the relay module 24 to move, as described in the foregoing embodiment, the relay module 24 can be disposed on a micro-motion device (not shown), such as a slide rail, stepping. Equipment consisting of components such as motors and computers.

In this embodiment, the relay lens 241 can rotate the column optical image from one place to another without changing the size of the column optical image itself, thereby greatly reducing the optical path difference and improving the quality of the optical image. .

The rest of the detailed structure and scanning manner are the same as those in the foregoing embodiment, and are not described herein.

Another embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 5, is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 2, except that the relay module 24 is disposed between the optical unit 26 and the spectral imaging system 23. Further, a beam splitter 27 is disposed behind the optical unit 26. In detail, the beam splitter 27 is located between the optical unit 26 and the spectral imaging system 23. The optical unit 26 transmits the received optical image to the beam splitter 27, and the optical image information of different ranges of wavelengths is transmitted to the first spectral image unit 231 and the second spectral image unit 232 by the beam splitter 27, respectively. The rest of the detailed structure and scanning manner are the same as those in the foregoing embodiment, and are not described herein.

Another embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 6, which is similar to the embodiment of FIG. The difference is that the relay module 24 is disposed between the optical unit 28 and the spectral imaging system 23. A mirror 29 is disposed beside the beam splitter 27, and the mirror 29 reflects the optical image information transmitted from the beam splitter 27 to the corresponding spectral image unit. In this embodiment, the first spectral image unit 231 directly receives the first range of band image information transmitted by the beam splitter 27, and the second spectral image unit 232 receives the second range of band image reflected by the mirror 29. News.

Referring to Figure 7, another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is mainly for isolating the influence of ambient light sources on system scanning. As shown in the figure, the shielding unit 30 can be connected to the front ends of the coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral systems 1 and 2, such as a casing, a cover, a cover, etc., as long as the external ambient light source can be isolated. The interior of the screening unit 30 can be coated with a dark paint (e.g., black) to reduce the effects of stray light. The shielding unit 30 of this embodiment completely shields the ambient light source, but is not limited thereto. In addition, the present embodiment is only illustrated by the first spectral image unit 231, but is not limited thereto, and is also applicable to the optical imaging system of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention in practical applications, and is described here.

In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8 , the shielding unit 31 is exemplified by an arc configuration, but is not limited thereto. The shielding unit 31 of the embodiment only partially shields the ambient light source to reduce the noise of the spectral image. In addition, in order to facilitate different angle scanning, the coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral systems 1 and 2 of the present embodiment may also be connected to the mechanical arm 32. Similarly, the present embodiment is only illustrated by the first spectral image unit 231, however, it is also applicable to the optical imaging system of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention in practical applications.

It should be noted that, in order to achieve the above effects, the optical unit (for example, 15) and the light-shaping unit (for example, 14) are preferably disposed inside the shielding units 30 and 31.

Compared with the prior art, the coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of the present invention is combined The dual-band hyperspectral imaging system can simultaneously obtain spectral information and band image information of hyperspectral resolution at a single time point.

Claims (13)

A coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system for receiving an optical image of a target, the coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system comprising: at least one optical unit for focusing the optical image on a focal plane of the optical unit; A spectral imaging system includes: a first spectral image unit disposed on a side of the optical unit opposite to the object for receiving a first range of band image information of the optical image; and a second spectral image unit The optical unit is disposed opposite to one side of the target for receiving a second range of band image information of the optical image; and a light homogenizing unit disposed around the optical unit and connected to a light source for The light emitted by the light source is homogenized and projected onto the target. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system according to claim 1, further comprising a beam splitter disposed between the first spectral image unit, the second spectral image unit and the optical unit, wherein the beam splitter is used for the first A range of band image information and the second range of band image information are respectively transmitted to the first spectral image unit and the second spectral image unit. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of claim 2, further comprising a mirror disposed alongside the beam splitter for reflecting the first or second range of band image information obtained from the beam splitter to a corresponding one The first or second spectral image unit. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system according to claim 1, further comprising a relay module disposed between the optical unit and the spectral imaging system, wherein the relay module is opposite to the optical unit and the spectral image The system, the leveling unit, and the object move. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a beam splitter disposed between the first spectral image unit, the second spectral image unit, and the relay module, wherein the beam splitter is configured to The first range of band image information and the second range of band image information are respectively transmitted to the first spectral image unit and the second spectral image unit. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of claim 5, further comprising a mirror disposed alongside the beam splitter for reflecting the first or second range of band image information obtained from the beam splitter to a corresponding one The first or second spectral image unit. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of claim 1, wherein the first range of band image information and the second range of band image information have different wavelengths. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of claim 1 wherein the target is moveable relative to the coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of claim 1, wherein the coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system is movable relative to the target. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of claim 1, wherein the spectral imaging system is moveable relative to the target. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of claim 8 or 9, wherein the light source is converted into a line source by the light homogenizing unit. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system of claim 10, wherein the light source is converted to a side light source by the light homogenizing unit. The coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system according to claim 1, wherein the coaxial heterogeneous integrated hyperspectral system is connected to a shielding unit for completely or partially shielding an external ambient light source, wherein the optical unit and the light homogenizing unit are disposed on The inside of the shielding unit.