TW201816496A - Electrochromic device and a manufacturing method thereof wherein the device comprises transparent substrates, a flexible electrochromic unit and adhesive layers - Google Patents
Electrochromic device and a manufacturing method thereof wherein the device comprises transparent substrates, a flexible electrochromic unit and adhesive layers Download PDFInfo
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- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種電致變色裝置及其製造方法，特別是指一種可應用在建築物窗戶、交通工具窗戶、防眩光後視鏡、顯示器等處的電致變色裝置及其製造方法。The invention relates to an electrochromic device and a manufacturing method thereof, and particularly to an electrochromic device and a manufacturing method thereof which can be applied to windows of buildings, vehicles, windows, anti-glare mirrors, displays, and the like.
電致變色現象，是材料在施加電壓後能改變顏色，且此反應是可逆的。藉由此原理發展出電致變色裝置，電致變色裝置具有低驅動電壓的優點，在建築物的節能玻璃窗、汽車車窗、後視鏡等處都可應用。The phenomenon of electrochromism is that the material can change color after voltage is applied, and the reaction is reversible. Based on this principle, an electrochromic device has been developed. The electrochromic device has the advantage of low driving voltage, and can be applied to energy-saving glass windows, automobile windows, rear-view mirrors, etc. of buildings.
參閱圖1，為一種已知的電致變色裝置1，包含二個間隔相對的玻璃基板11、二位於該等玻璃基板11間且上下間隔的透明導電層12，以及位於該等透明導電層12間的一電致變色層13、一電解質層14與一離子儲存層15。隨著該電解質層14可以使用液態、固態或膠態等不同材料，使該電致變色裝置1的製法可以有許多種。其中一種製法，是先利用鍍膜方式將該等透明導電層12分別鍍覆於該等玻璃基板11表面，再於該等透明導電層12表面分別鍍上該電致變色層13與該離子儲存層15，最後採用膠態的電解質層14將該等已鍍有膜層的玻璃基板11貼合黏結。另外有一種製法，可以先在其中一玻璃基板11上鍍上所有膜層，再將另一玻璃基板11黏著結合。Referring to FIG. 1, a known electrochromic device 1 includes two glass substrates 11 opposed to each other, two transparent conductive layers 12 located between the glass substrates 11 and spaced up and down, and the transparent conductive layers 12. There is an electrochromic layer 13, an electrolyte layer 14 and an ion storage layer 15 in between. As the electrolyte layer 14 can use different materials such as liquid, solid or colloidal, there are many methods for manufacturing the electrochromic device 1. One method is to first plate the transparent conductive layers 12 on the surfaces of the glass substrates 11 by plating, and then plate the electrochromic layer 13 and the ion storage layer on the surfaces of the transparent conductive layers 12 respectively. 15. Finally, a gelled electrolyte layer 14 is used to bond the glass substrates 11 coated with the film layer. In addition, there is a manufacturing method in which all the film layers are plated on one of the glass substrates 11 and then the other glass substrate 11 is adhesively bonded.
但無論採用上述哪一種製法，由於玻璃基板11為硬質的基板，要在硬質基板上鍍膜，實際上其便利性會受到影響，例如不利於大面積鍍膜，若要大面積鍍膜時，則要採用較大的載台或治具來承載該玻璃基板11，而且於真空鍍膜時也要採用較大的真空腔體，如此會造成設備成本高。而且此種硬質的玻璃基板11，也不利於以大面積鍍膜搭配後續切割出數個小尺寸的電致變色裝置1，通常是一塊塊基板分別一一鍍膜，也就是說，要量產電致變色裝置1時，必須一個一個製作，造成電致變色裝置1的量產速度慢。However, no matter which manufacturing method is adopted, since the glass substrate 11 is a hard substrate, it is necessary to coat the hard substrate. In fact, its convenience will be affected. For example, it is not conducive to large-area coating. A larger stage or fixture is used to carry the glass substrate 11, and a larger vacuum cavity is also used during vacuum coating, which will cause high equipment costs. Moreover, such a hard glass substrate 11 is also not conducive to large-area coating and subsequent cutting of several small-sized electrochromic devices 1. Usually, each substrate is coated one by one, that is, mass production of electro When the discoloration device 1 is manufactured, it must be manufactured one by one, which causes the mass production speed of the electrochromic device 1 to be slow.
除此之外，上述已知電致變色裝置1的製法，採用膠態的電解質層14將該等已鍍有膜層的玻璃基板11貼合黏結，但膠態電解質在黏合過程中容易發生溢膠而造成不良品，更甚者膠態電解質材料特性無法承受傳統建材玻璃、安全玻璃，以及汽車玻璃等嚴苛之加速老化測試，產品可靠度與壽命無法達到一般市售玻璃之要求品質。因此鑒於提高量產方式之經濟效益需求，以提高電致變色裝置1的實際應用、產品可靠度與提升壽命，已知的電致變色裝置1的結構與製法有待改良。In addition, in the above-mentioned known manufacturing method of the electrochromic device 1, the gelled electrolyte layer 14 is used to bond the glass substrates 11 coated with the film layer, but the gelled electrolyte is liable to overflow during the bonding process. Defective products caused by glue, and even the characteristics of colloidal electrolyte materials can not withstand the rigorous accelerated aging tests of traditional building materials glass, safety glass, and automotive glass, and the reliability and life of the product cannot meet the quality of general commercial glass. Therefore, in view of the need to increase the economic benefits of mass production methods, in order to improve the practical application, product reliability and life of the electrochromic device 1, the structure and manufacturing method of the known electrochromic device 1 need to be improved.
因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種能克服先前技術的至少一個缺點，且較方便製造、製程易於進行的電致變色裝置。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an electrochromic device that can overcome at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, is more convenient to manufacture, and is easy to perform.
於是，本發明電致變色裝置，包含二間隔相對且可透光的基板、一電致變色單元，及二黏結層。Therefore, the electrochromic device of the present invention includes two spaced-apart, transparent substrates, an electrochromic unit, and two adhesive layers.
該電致變色單元位於該等基板間，並包括一個具撓性的基材，以及層疊披覆於該基材上的一第一透明導電層、一電致變色層、一電解質層、一離子儲存層與一第二透明導電層，且該電致變色單元具有二個分別朝向該等基板的結合面。該等黏結層分別位於該電致變色單元的該等結合面與該等基板之間，該等黏結層用於將該電致變色單元固定於該等基板間。The electrochromic unit is located between the substrates, and includes a flexible substrate, and a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, and an ion. The storage layer and a second transparent conductive layer, and the electrochromic unit has two bonding surfaces respectively facing the substrates. The bonding layers are respectively located between the bonding surfaces of the electrochromic unit and the substrates, and the bonding layers are used to fix the electrochromic unit between the substrates.
本發明之另一目的，即在提供一種能克服先前技術的至少一個缺點，且製造過程較方便、易於進行的電致變色裝置的製造方法。Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an electrochromic device that can overcome at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, and has a more convenient and easy manufacturing process.
本發明電致變色裝置的製造方法，包含步驟A：製作一電致變色單元，提供一個具撓性的基材，在該基材上鍍膜形成一第一透明導電層、一電致變色層、一電解質層、一離子儲存層與一第二透明導電層，如此就完成製作該電致變色單元，且該電致變色單元具有二個相反的結合面。步驟B：利用黏著方式，將該電致變色單元的每一結合面與一可透光的基板固定住，使該電致變色單元固定於該等基板間。The method for manufacturing an electrochromic device according to the present invention includes step A: making an electrochromic unit, providing a flexible substrate, and coating a film on the substrate to form a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, An electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, and a second transparent conductive layer complete the fabrication of the electrochromic unit, and the electrochromic unit has two opposite bonding surfaces. Step B: Adhere each bonding surface of the electrochromic unit with a light-transmissive substrate by an adhesive method, and fix the electrochromic unit between the substrates.
本發明之功效在於：使用具撓性的該基材，要在該基材上鍍膜以形成該電致變色單元的該等膜層，可較方便且易於進行，而且有利於進行大面積鍍膜，後續可再切割出數個尺寸較小的電致變色單元，如此可提升生產速度、有助於量產、提高電致變色裝置產品應用層面。而且該電致變色單元可透過該等黏結層固定於該等基板間，從而形成電致變色裝置，該黏著步驟同樣相當簡單、方便。The effect of the present invention is that using the substrate having flexibility, it is convenient and easy to perform coating on the substrate to form the film layers of the electrochromic unit, and it is favorable for large-area coating. Subsequently, several smaller electrochromic units can be cut out, which can increase production speed, help mass production, and improve the application level of electrochromic devices. In addition, the electrochromic unit can be fixed between the substrates through the adhesive layers to form an electrochromic device. The adhesion step is also quite simple and convenient.
參閱圖2，本發明電致變色裝置之一實施例，包含二基板2、一電致變色單元3，及二黏結層4。Referring to FIG. 2, an embodiment of an electrochromic device according to the present invention includes two substrates 2, an electrochromic unit 3, and two adhesive layers 4.
該等基板2上下間隔相對且可透光，該等基板2例如玻璃基板2。The substrates 2 are spaced up and down and can transmit light. The substrates 2 are, for example, glass substrates 2.
該電致變色單元3位於該等基板2間，並包括一基材31，以及層疊披覆於該基材31上的一第一透明導電層32、一電致變色層33、一電解質層34、一離子儲存層35與一第二透明導電層36。The electrochromic unit 3 is located between the substrates 2 and includes a substrate 31, and a first transparent conductive layer 32, an electrochromic layer 33, and an electrolyte layer 34 laminated on the substrate 31. An ion storage layer 35 and a second transparent conductive layer 36.
該基材31為可透光、軟性、具撓性的基材，例如塑膠基材，本實施例使用聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)或是聚醯亞胺(PI)基材。該第一透明導電層32與該第二透明導電層36上下間隔相對，兩者皆為具導電性的可透光薄膜，例如銦錫氧化物(ITO)薄膜、銦鋁氧化物(AZO)薄膜、高分子透明導電薄膜、奈米碳材或奈米銀線透明導電薄膜、金屬網格薄膜等等。The substrate 31 is a light-transmissive, flexible, and flexible substrate, such as a plastic substrate. In this embodiment, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyimide (PI) substrate is used. The first transparent conductive layer 32 and the second transparent conductive layer 36 are spaced up and down, and both are conductive light-transmissive films, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) film and indium aluminum oxide (AZO) film. , Polymer transparent conductive film, nano carbon material or nano silver wire transparent conductive film, metal grid film, etc.
該電致變色層33、該電解質層34與該離子儲存層35位於該第一透明導電層32與該第二透明導電層36間。其中，該電致變色層33披覆於該第一透明導電層32表面，其為電致變色材料，在電場作用下會產生氧化還原反應，使材料能階改變，進而變色。該電致變色層33可以為無機材料或有機材料，無機材料像是金屬氧化物，例如WO3 等。該電解質層34披覆於該電致變色層33上，其為電解質材料，例如Ta2 O5 。該離子儲存層35披覆於該電解質層34上，可在該電致變色層33發生氧化還原反應時儲存相對應的反向離子，以保持電荷平衡，該離子儲存層35的材料例如NiO。需注意的是，本發明實施時，上述各膜層順序不以本實施例為限，例如，該離子儲存層35與該電致變色層33的位置可以調換。The electrochromic layer 33, the electrolyte layer 34, and the ion storage layer 35 are located between the first transparent conductive layer 32 and the second transparent conductive layer 36. The electrochromic layer 33 is coated on the surface of the first transparent conductive layer 32. The electrochromic layer 33 is an electrochromic material. Under the action of an electric field, a redox reaction occurs, which changes the energy level of the material and further changes color. The electrochromic layer 33 may be an inorganic material or an organic material. The inorganic material is like a metal oxide, such as WO 3 and the like. The electrolyte layer 34 is coated on the electrochromic layer 33 and is an electrolyte material, such as Ta 2 O 5 . The ion storage layer 35 is coated on the electrolyte layer 34 and can store corresponding reverse ions when the electrochromic layer 33 undergoes a redox reaction to maintain charge balance. The material of the ion storage layer 35 is, for example, NiO. It should be noted that, in the implementation of the present invention, the order of the foregoing film layers is not limited to this embodiment. For example, the positions of the ion storage layer 35 and the electrochromic layer 33 can be changed.
該基材31與該等膜層32~36結合後，該電致變色單元3整體而言，具有二個分別朝向該等基板2的結合面37。在本實施例中，其中一結合面37是指該基材31底面，另一結合面37是指該第二透明導電層36頂面。After the substrate 31 is combined with the film layers 32 to 36, the electrochromic unit 3 as a whole has two bonding surfaces 37 respectively facing the substrate 2. In this embodiment, one of the bonding surfaces 37 refers to the bottom surface of the substrate 31, and the other bonding surface 37 refers to the top surface of the second transparent conductive layer 36.
該等黏結層4分別位於該電致變色單元3的該等結合面37與該等基板2之間，用於將該電致變色單元3固定於該等基板2間。該等黏結層4為具有黏著性的樹脂材料，例如聚乙烯醇縮丁醛 (PVB) 樹脂、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)，或熱塑性聚氨酯（TPU）。The bonding layers 4 are respectively located between the bonding surfaces 37 of the electrochromic unit 3 and the substrates 2 for fixing the electrochromic unit 3 between the substrates 2. The adhesive layers 4 are adhesive resin materials, such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).
參閱圖2、3，本發明電致變色裝置的製造方法的一實施例，包含以下步驟。Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, an embodiment of a method for manufacturing an electrochromic device according to the present invention includes the following steps.
步驟51：製作該電致變色單元3，先提供具撓性的該基材31，接著利用例如真空鍍膜之鍍膜方式，在該基材31上層疊形成該第一透明導電層32、該電致變色層33、該電解質層34、該離子儲存層35與該第二透明導電層36，如此就完成製作該電致變色單元3，該電致變色單元3具有相反的該等結合面37。Step 51: Fabricate the electrochromic unit 3, first provide the substrate 31 with flexibility, and then use a coating method such as vacuum coating to laminate the first transparent conductive layer 32 and the electrode on the substrate 31. The color-changing layer 33, the electrolyte layer 34, the ion storage layer 35, and the second transparent conductive layer 36 are completed, so that the electrochromic unit 3 is completed, and the electrochromic unit 3 has opposite bonding surfaces 37.
步驟52：利用黏著方式，將該電致變色單元3的該等結合面37分別與該等基板2固定住。本步驟是分別於每一結合面37與該基板2間塗布一層該黏結層4之膠體，待所述黏結層4乾燥硬化後，該等結合面37就能與該等基板2固定住，從而使該電致變色單元3固定於該等基板2間。Step 52: Fix the bonding surfaces 37 of the electrochromic unit 3 to the substrates 2 by using an adhesive method. In this step, a layer of colloid of the bonding layer 4 is coated between each bonding surface 37 and the substrate 2 respectively. After the bonding layer 4 is dried and hardened, the bonding surfaces 37 can be fixed to the substrates 2 so that The electrochromic unit 3 is fixed between the substrates 2.
綜上所述，本發明使用軟性、具有撓性的該基材31，而不使用硬質基材，原因在於可方便於該基材31上進行鍍膜以形成該等膜層32~36，該基材31可以先成卷設置，再於鍍膜過程中邊放卷邊鍍膜，因此該基材31能進行大面積鍍膜，此時也不需要如先前技術為了承載硬質的基板而必須設置較大的載台、治具或較大的真空腔體。因此，本發明透過該電致變色裝置的創新結構，使其方便製造、製程易於進行，而且可降低設備成本。再者，以大面積鍍膜形成大尺寸的電致變色單元3，後續可以切割成數個尺寸較小的電致變色單元3，如此可以利用一次鍍膜製程就同時完成數個單元，製造上更方便、快速，有利於量產，而且軟性的基材31相對於硬質基板也較容易切割。而該電致變色單元3只要透過黏著方式就可以固定於該等基板2間，從而形成電致變色裝置。該黏著步驟同樣相當簡單、方便，而且製作出的該電致變色裝置能應用於建築物的節能玻璃窗、汽車車窗、後視鏡、顯示器、電子紙等處，故確實能達成本發明之目的。In summary, the present invention uses the soft and flexible substrate 31 instead of a hard substrate because the substrate 31 can be easily plated to form the film layers 32 to 36. The substrate The material 31 can be set in a roll first, and then coated while being unrolled during the coating process. Therefore, the substrate 31 can be coated with a large area. At this time, it is not necessary to set a larger load in order to carry a rigid substrate as in the prior art. Table, fixture or larger vacuum chamber. Therefore, the invention through the innovative structure of the electrochromic device makes it convenient to manufacture, the manufacturing process is easy to carry out, and the equipment cost can be reduced. Furthermore, a large-sized electrochromic unit 3 is formed by large-area coating, which can be subsequently cut into several smaller electrochromic units 3. In this way, several units can be completed at the same time using a single coating process, which is more convenient in manufacturing, It is fast and favorable for mass production, and the flexible substrate 31 is easier to cut than the hard substrate. The electrochromic unit 3 can be fixed between the substrates 2 only by an adhesive method, thereby forming an electrochromic device. The adhesion step is also quite simple and convenient, and the electrochromic device produced can be applied to energy-saving glass windows, car windows, rear-view mirrors, displays, electronic paper, etc. of buildings, so it can indeed achieve the cost of invention. purpose.
惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。However, the above are only examples of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited in this way, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application and the content of the patent specification of the present invention are still Within the scope of the invention patent.
2‧‧‧基板2‧‧‧ substrate
3‧‧‧電致變色單元3‧‧‧ Electrochromic Unit
31‧‧‧基材31‧‧‧ substrate
32‧‧‧第一透明導電層32‧‧‧ the first transparent conductive layer
33‧‧‧電致變色層33‧‧‧ Electrochromic layer
34‧‧‧電解質層34‧‧‧electrolyte layer
35‧‧‧離子儲存層35‧‧‧ion storage layer
36‧‧‧第二透明導電層36‧‧‧Second transparent conductive layer
37‧‧‧結合面37‧‧‧Combination surface
4‧‧‧黏結層4‧‧‧ Adhesive layer
51、52‧‧‧步驟 51, 52‧‧‧ steps
本發明之其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現，其中： 圖1是一種已知的電致變色裝置的示意圖； 圖2是本發明電致變色裝置的一實施例的一示意圖；及 圖3是一步驟流程圖，說明本發明電致變色裝置的製造方法的一實施例。Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiment with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a known electrochromic device; FIG. 2 is an implementation of the electrochromic device of the present invention A schematic diagram of an example; and FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method for manufacturing an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| TW105135002A TWI594056B (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | Electrochromic device and method of making the same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW105135002A TWI594056B (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | Electrochromic device and method of making the same |
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| TWI594056B TWI594056B (en) | 2017-08-01 |
| TW201816496A true TW201816496A (en) | 2018-05-01 |
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| TW201500681A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2015-01-01 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | Vehicle headlamp module |
| TW201504713A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-02-01 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | Photochromic glasses |
| TWM524260U (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-06-21 | Nanobit Tech Co Ltd | Transparent optical device |
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