TW201736198A - Transmission system for electric tricycle - Google Patents

Abstract

A shifting system for an electric tricycle includes a frame body, a drive motor disposed on the frame body, a gearbox and a shifting mechanism, wherein the connecting sleeve of the gearbox is embedded in the power output shaft of the driving motor; the planetary gear set of the gearbox is disposed at the connection a bushing comprising a sun gear, a plurality of planet gears and a central shaft thereof, a torque input planet carrier, a planet carrier torque output member and an outer ring gear, the sun gear has a first contact surface, and the torque input planet carrier has a second contact surface; The clutch of the transmission is sleeved on the connecting sleeve and can be slid to the first and second positions, and when the clutch is in the first position, the first pressing surface presses the first contact surface, and when the clutch is in the second position, the second The nip faces the second contact surface; the shifting mechanism includes an actuating mechanism that slides the clutch and maintains the first or second position.

Description

Transmission system for electric tricycle

The present invention relates to a shifting system for an electric tricycle, and more particularly to a two-stage planetary gear shifting mechanism connected by a motor power output shaft, and switching the power output shaft to the planet carrier or the sun gear by a shifting mechanism Connected shifting system.

At present, in the application field of electric tricycles, the overall weight is strictly controlled due to the limitation of the battery's endurance performance. Under this premise, the volume of the electric tricycle is very limited, so it is impossible to use a large-sized stepless transmission or a conventional gearbox mechanism such as a five-speed gear.

However, general-purpose tricycles do not pay attention to their speed. However, due to the daily use environment, it is still necessary to drive some long small slopes or steep slopes (such as the underground parking lot of the building). Minimize the need for shifting gears for lightweight, small-volume gearboxes.

The object of the present invention is to provide a shifting system for an electric tricycle, which is to connect a power output shaft of a driving motor to a sun gear or a carrier of different speeds of a planetary gear type transmission by a shifting mechanism to achieve different speeds. Output.

In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a shifting system for an electric tricycle, comprising: a frame fixed to the body of the electric tricycle; and a drive set in the frame a motor having a power output shaft; a gearbox including a box body, a connecting sleeve, a planetary gear set and a clutch: the box body is disposed on the frame body, and has an accommodation space therein; the connection sleeve is disposed in the capacity The space has a head end and a tail end, the head end is nested in the power output shaft; the planetary gear set includes a sun gear, a plurality of planet gears and a planetary gear center axis thereof, and a torque input planet carrier for the planetary gear center The shaft is fixedly coupled thereto, the planetary frame torsion output member is fixed to the central axis of the planetary gears opposite to one side of the torque input carrier, and the outer ring gear is fixed to the accommodating space for meshing with the planetary gears. One side of the sun gear has a sun gear shaft that is mated at the tail end and a sun gear torsion input member that has a first contact surface, the torsion input planet carrier has a second contact surface, and the planet carrier torque output member has a protrusion Out of the torque output shaft of the box; and the clutch system is axially fitted on the connecting sleeve and synchronously rotated, and can be in a reference position on the surface of the connecting sleeve, Sliding between the position and a second position, the clutch has a first pressing surface and a second pressing surface, and the clutch is not in contact with the first pressing surface or the second pressing surface when the clutch is located at the reference position When the clutch is in the first position, the first pressing surface engages and presses the first contact surface to drive the sun gear torque input member to rotate. When the clutch is in the second position, the second pressing The surface system engages and compresses the second contact surface to drive the torque input planet carrier to rotate; and a shifting mechanism is disposed on the frame body, and includes a ring sleeve and is fixed to the clutch shifting block and the clutch Extending from the outside of the casing into the accommodating space and pushing the shifting push block to cause the clutch to slide and maintain the actuating mechanism in the first position or the second position.

As described above, the present invention includes the present invention that the planetary gear type shifting mechanism is applied to drive the power of the motor to the sun gear in the shifting mechanism by the shifting mechanism to maintain the original output speed of the driving motor. Or meshing with the sun gear to engage the planet carrier in the shifting mechanism to reduce the output speed to achieve a small size, easy to flatten, and flatten the two-stage speed gear (three gears if there is a gap) Transmission system.

1‧‧‧Transmission system

10‧‧‧ ‧ body

20‧‧‧Drive motor

21‧‧‧Power output shaft

30‧‧‧Transmission

31‧‧‧ cabinet

311‧‧‧ accommodating space

32‧‧‧Connecting bushings

321‧‧‧ head end

322‧‧‧End

323‧‧‧rail structure

33‧‧‧ planetary gear set

331‧‧‧Sun Gear

3311‧‧‧Sun gear shaft

3312‧‧‧Sun Gear Torque Input

33121‧‧‧First contact surface

332‧‧‧ planetary gear

3321‧‧‧ planetary gear central axis

333‧‧‧Torque input planet carrier

3331‧‧‧Second contact surface

334‧‧‧ Planetary Torque Output

3341‧‧‧Torque output shaft

335‧‧‧ outer ring gear

34‧‧‧Clutch

341‧‧‧First press fit

342‧‧‧Second press surface

343‧‧‧ external thread

344‧‧‧Inner hole

3441‧‧‧Guide structure

40‧‧‧Shifting mechanism

41‧‧‧Shifting block

411‧‧‧ internal thread

412‧‧‧ Groove

42‧‧‧Activity agency

421‧‧‧Put

422‧‧‧ Connecting rod

4221‧‧‧ cogging

4222‧‧‧Slots

423‧‧ ‧ tooth column

4231‧‧‧ head end

42311‧‧‧ teeth

424‧‧‧ fork

4241‧‧‧ fork

425‧‧‧ fork shaft

50‧‧‧Sprocket

60‧‧‧Hydraulic cylinder

N‧‧‧ reference position

D1‧‧‧ first position

D2‧‧‧ second position

F1, F2, F3‧‧‧ Torque transmission path

1 is a perspective exploded view of an embodiment of a shifting system of an electric tricycle of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a perspective assembled view of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of FIG. FIG. 5 is a top cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a first gear position of a shifting system of an electric tricycle according to the present invention; FIG. 6 is a shifting system of the electric tricycle of the present invention; A top cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the second gear.

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings, and the drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, and the basic structure of the present invention is only illustrated in a schematic manner, and therefore only the components related to the present creation are indicated in the drawings. The components shown are not drawn in the number, shape, size ratio, etc. at the time of implementation, and the actual size of the implementation is a selective design, and the component layout form may be more complicated.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4. The shifting system 1 of the electric tricycle of the present embodiment includes a frame body 10, a drive motor 20, a gearbox 30, and a shifting mechanism 40. The frame body 10 is provided with the drive motor 20, the gearbox 30, and the shifting mechanism 40. The drive motor 20 is disposed on the frame body 10 and has a power output shaft 21; the gearbox 30 includes: a box body 31, a connecting sleeve 32, a planetary gear set 33 and a clutch 34. The housing 31 is disposed on the frame body 10 and has an accommodating space 311 therein. The connecting sleeve 32 is disposed in the accommodating space 311 and has a head end 321 and a back end. a tail end 322 of the end 321 is nested in the power output shaft 21 for transmitting the torque of the power output shaft 21; the planetary gear set 33 is disposed at the head end of the connecting sleeve 32 321 includes a sun gear 331 , a plurality of planet gears 332 meshing with the sun gear 331 and corresponding to the planetary gears a center of the 332, and a planetary gear central shaft 3321 that is freely rotatable relative to the planetary gear 332 (for example, a bearing is disposed at a center of the planetary gear 332, and the planetary gear central shaft 3321 is inserted into the center of the bearing, thereby enabling The planetary gear central shaft 3321 is freely rotatable, a torque input planet carrier 333 for fixing the planetary gear central shafts 3321, and a fixed pair of the planetary gear central axes 3321 opposite to the torque input planet carrier 333 a carrier torque output member 334 and an outer ring gear 335 fixed to the accommodating space 311 for engaging the planetary gears 332, the side surface of the sun gear 331 having a rotatably inserted in the head end 321 a sun gear shaft 3311 and a sun gear torque input member 3312. The sun gear torque input member 3312 has a first contact surface 33121 (in one embodiment, the sun gear torque input member 3312 is outwardly from the side of the sun gear 331 a disk body extending, the inner edge surface of the disk body is the first contact surface 33121), and the torque input planet carrier 333 has a second contact surface 3331 (in an embodiment, the torque input planet The frame 333 is an outwardly extending disk body, and the inner edge surface of the disk body is the second contact surface 3331). The carrier torque output member 334 has a torque output shaft 3341 extending from the casing 31; and the clutch 34 The sleeve is axially fitted to the joint sleeve 32 and rotates synchronously therewith, and is slidable to a first position D1 at a reference position N of the surface of the connecting sleeve 32 and is determined by the reference position N. a second position D2 opposite to the first position D1 (in an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the first position D1 is adjacent to the head end 321 of the connecting sleeve 32 relative to the reference position N The position of the second position D2 is relative to the position of the reference position N near the tail end 322 of the connecting sleeve 32. The clutch 34 has a first pressing surface 341 and a second pressing surface 342. And the clutch 34 is not in contact with the first pressing surface 341 or the second pressing surface 342 when the clutch position 34 is located at the reference position N, and the first pressing surface 341 is engaged when the clutch 34 is located at the first position D1. And pressing the first contact surface 33121 to drive the sun gear torque input member 3312 to rotate, the clutch 34 is located at the second position In the case of D2, the second pressing surface 342 engages and presses the second contact surface 3331 to drive the torque input planet carrier 333 to rotate; and the shifting mechanism 40 is assembled to the frame body 10, and includes a ring sleeve And fixed to the clutch 34 The shifting push block 41 and the actuating mechanism 42 extend from the outside of the box body 31 into the accommodating space 311, and rotatably buckle and push and pull the shifting push block 41 to enable the The clutch 34 slides and is maintained at the reference position N, the first position D1 or the second position D2.

In practical terms, as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the shift push block 41 is a wheel having an inner diameter 411 and a groove having a groove 412, and the surface of the clutch 34 corresponds to the change. The fixed position of the push block 41 has an external thread 343. The shift push block 41 is screwed to the external thread 343 of the surface of the clutch 34. The actuating mechanism 42 of the clutch 34 includes a a push rod 421, a connecting rod 422, a tooth column 423, a shifting fork 424 and a fork rotating shaft 425. The tooth column 423 is rotatably disposed in the accommodating space 311 and a head end 4231 extends out of the box body. The yoke 423 is fixed to the yoke 424 in the accommodating space 311. The yoke 424 has a fork 4241. The fork and the tail end of the fork 4241 are rotatably pivoted respectively. a rotating shaft 425, and the pair of fork rotating shafts 425 are fastened in the groove 412 of the shifting push block 41, and are at two ends of the diameter (ie, the connecting points of the two ends pass through the shaft center), The head end 4231 of the tooth column 423 is fixed to one end of the connecting rod 422 (for example, the tooth 42231 is provided at the head end 4231 of the tooth column 423, and one end of the connecting rod 422 is provided with a tooth groove and is fixed to each other to fix the two. Simultaneously rotating, the opposite end of the connecting rod 422 has a slot 4222, and is connected to the push rod 421 through a slot through a screw, by applying the push rod 421 an axial thrust or an axis Pulling the push rod 421 to the pulling force (for example, pushing the push rod 421 by applying the hydraulic cylinder 60), the connecting rod 422 is rotated about the axis of the tooth column 423, and synchronously drives the tooth column 423 to rotate, so that the shifting fork 424 forms a The shift arm 41 is driven by the force arm to drive the shift push block 41 to synchronously drive the clutch 34 to stop at the reference position N, the first position D1 and the second position D2.

Further, when the clutch 34 is parked at the reference position N, the link 422 is located at the origin, and the first pressing surface 341 and the second pressing surface 342 of the clutch 34 are not in contact with the first contact. The surface 33121 or the second contact surface 3331 is in contact, and the torque input by the power output shaft 21 is transmitted to the clutch 34 by the connecting sleeve 32 to make it idle - that is, a neutral position, as shown in FIG. The torque transmitting path F1); when the clutch 34 is parked in the first position D1, the connecting rod 422 is pushed away from the driving motor 20, so that the first pressing surface 341 is in contact with the first contact surface 33121 The second pressing surface 342 of the clutch 34 is separated from the second contact surface 3331. At this time, the torque input by the power output shaft 21 is transmitted to the clutch 34 and the sun gear torque input member through the connecting sleeve 32. 3312, a sun gear 331, a planetary gear 332, a planetary gear central shaft 3321, a planetary gear torsion output member 334, a torque output shaft 3341 (such as the torque transmission path F2 of FIG. 5) - this is the first gear position; When the second position D2 is parked, the link 422 is retracted toward the drive motor 20 such that the second pressing surface 342 of the clutch 34 is in contact with the second contact surface 3331 (at the same time, the first pressing surface 341) The first contact surface 33121 is not in contact with the first contact surface 33121. At this time, the torque input by the power output shaft 21 is transmitted to the clutch 34, the torque input carrier 333, the planetary gear center shaft 3321, and the planetary carrier torque by the connecting sleeve 32. Output member 334, torque output shaft 3341 (Figure 6 Torque transmitting path F3), that is, for the second gear position.

In an embodiment, the outer surface of the connecting sleeve 32 is provided with a rail structure 323, and the clutch 34 is sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting sleeve 32. The inner sleeve hole 344 has a fit. The channel structure 3441 of the rail structure 323 connecting the outer surface of the sleeve 32.

In one embodiment, the surface of the clutch 34 has a large diameter that protrudes in a ring shape, and the outer ring surface of the large diameter forms a biconical surface, and the biconical surface is the first pressing surface 341 and the second pressing Face 342, of course, the biconical surface can be a flat surface or a curved surface (the tapered surface of the embodiment is a flat surface). Moreover, the first contact surface 33121, the second contact surface 3331, the first pressing surface 341 and a second pressing surface 342 are surfaces with high wear resistance and high friction coefficient, so as to facilitate frequent shifting. A certain degree of durability can still be maintained under the action.

In an embodiment, the torque output shaft 3341 further includes a sprocket 50 or a pulley (not shown) disposed thereon to facilitate the two different rotational speeds (torque) output by the shifting system. , driven by a chain or belt to the reduction gear (or differential) of the rear wheel of the vehicle Moving the vehicle.

The embodiments or examples of the technical means adopted by the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present patent. That is, the equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention or the scope of the invention are covered by the scope of the invention.

1‧‧‧Transmission system

10‧‧‧ ‧ body

20‧‧‧Drive motor

21‧‧‧Power output shaft

30‧‧‧Transmission

31‧‧‧ cabinet

311‧‧‧ accommodating space

32‧‧‧Connecting bushings

321‧‧‧ head end

322‧‧‧End

323‧‧‧rail structure

33‧‧‧ planetary gear set

331‧‧‧Sun Gear

3311‧‧‧Sun gear shaft

3312‧‧‧Sun Gear Torque Input

332‧‧‧ planetary gear

3321‧‧‧ planetary gear central axis

333‧‧‧Torque input planet carrier

334‧‧‧ Planetary Torque Output

3341‧‧‧Torque output shaft

335‧‧‧ outer ring gear

34‧‧‧Clutch

341‧‧‧First press fit

342‧‧‧Second press surface

343‧‧‧ external thread

344‧‧‧Inner hole

3441‧‧‧Guide structure

40‧‧‧Shifting mechanism

41‧‧‧Shifting block

411‧‧‧ internal thread

412‧‧‧ Groove

42‧‧‧Activity agency

421‧‧‧Put

422‧‧‧ Connecting rod

4221‧‧‧ cogging

4222‧‧‧Slots

423‧‧ ‧ tooth column

4231‧‧‧ head end

42311‧‧‧ teeth

424‧‧‧ fork

4241‧‧‧ fork

425‧‧‧ fork shaft

50‧‧‧Sprocket

60‧‧‧Hydraulic cylinder

Claims (10)

A shifting system for an electric tricycle includes: a frame body; a drive motor disposed on the frame body and having a power output shaft; and a gearbox comprising: a box body disposed on the frame body The inner sleeve has an accommodating space; a connecting sleeve is disposed in the accommodating space, and has a head end and a tail end facing away from the head end, the tail end is nested in the power output shaft; a planet a gear set is disposed at the head end of the connecting sleeve, and includes a sun gear, a plurality of planetary gears meshing with the sun gear, and a corresponding freely rotatable planetary gear center shaft, and a planetary gear a center shaft fixed torque input planet carrier, a carrier torque output member fixed to an opposite side of the planetary gear center axis from the torsion input carrier, and a fixed to the accommodating space and for the planetary gears An engaged outer ring gear having a sun gear shaft rotatably inserted in the tail end and a sun gear torque input member, the sun gear torque input member having a first contact surface, the torque lose The planet carrier has a second contact surface, the carrier torque output member has a torsion output shaft extending out of the casing; and a clutch is axially fitted to the coupling sleeve and rotates synchronously therewith a reference position of the surface of the connecting sleeve slides to a first position and a second position opposite thereto, the clutch has a first pressing surface and a second pressing surface, and the clutch is located at the reference position Not contacting the first pressing surface or the second pressing surface. When the clutch is in the first position, the first pressing surface engages and presses the first contact surface to drive the sun gear torque input. Turning, the clutch is in the second position The second pressing surface engages and presses the second contact surface to drive the torque input carrier to rotate; and a shifting mechanism is disposed on the frame, and includes a ring sleeve and is fixed to the clutch a shifting push block and a body extending from the outside of the box into the accommodating space, and rotatably engaging and pushing the shifting push block to cause the clutch to slide and maintain the reference position, the first position or the The actuation mechanism of the second position. The shifting system of the electric tricycle according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the outer surface of the connecting bushing is provided with a rail structure, and the clutch is sleeved on an outer surface of the connecting bushing with an inner sleeve hole, The inner sleeve hole has a channel structure that cooperates with the rail structure of the outer surface of the connection sleeve. The shifting system of the electric tricycle according to claim 1, wherein the first position is relative to the reference position of the head end of the connecting sleeve, and the second position is relative to the reference position. It is close to the position of the end of the connecting sleeve. The shifting system of the electric tricycle according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the first contact surface, the second contact surface, the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface are highly wear resistant, Surface with high coefficient of friction. The shifting system of the electric tricycle according to claim 1, wherein a sprocket or a pulley is further disposed on the torque output shaft. The shifting system of the electric tricycle according to claim 1, wherein the clutch surface has a large diameter protruding in a ring shape, and the outer ring surface of the large diameter forms a biconical surface, wherein the two tapered surfaces are respectively a pressing surface and the second pressing surface. The shifting system of an electric tricycle according to claim 6, wherein the biconical surface is a flat surface or a curved surface. The shifting system of the electric tricycle according to claim 6, wherein the sun gear torque input member is a disk body extending outward from a side surface of the sun gear, and an inner edge of the disk body The surface is the first contact surface. The shifting system of the electric tricycle according to claim 6 or 8, wherein the torque input planet carrier is an outwardly extending disk body, and the inner edge surface of the disk body is the second contact surface. The shifting system of the electric tricycle according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the shifting push block is a wheel having an internal thread and having a groove on the wheel surface, and the clutch surface corresponds to the shifting The fixed position of the push block has an external thread, and the shift push block is screwed to the outer surface of the clutch by the internal thread, and the actuating mechanism of the clutch comprises a push rod, a connecting rod and a tooth column. a shifting fork and a shifting fork shaft, the rack is rotatably disposed in the accommodating space, and a head end protrudes from the outside of the box, and the dent is fixed in the accommodating space, and the dial is fixed The fork has a fork, and the fork end and the tail end respectively rotatably pivot a fork shaft, and the pair of fork shafts are fastened in the groove of the shift push block and are diametrically At both ends, the head end of the stud is fixed to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod has a slot and is connected to the push rod through a slot through a screw.