TW201720434A - 治療禿頭症之化合物及方法 - Google Patents
治療禿頭症之化合物及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201720434A TW201720434A TW105125680A TW105125680A TW201720434A TW 201720434 A TW201720434 A TW 201720434A TW 105125680 A TW105125680 A TW 105125680A TW 105125680 A TW105125680 A TW 105125680A TW 201720434 A TW201720434 A TW 201720434A
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Abstract
本發明係關於治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含米諾地爾、環孢素A以及一與一種適用於人類之與FK506 結合蛋白4結合之化合物。該發明係更進一步關於施以該組合物用以治療人類禿頭之用途。
Description
本發明係關於治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含一種適用施予人體與FK506結合蛋白4相結合之化合物。該發明係更進一步關於施以本發明之組合物用以治療人類禿頭之用途。
雄激素遺傳性脫髮(如雄性禿)對數百萬人造成嚴重的社會心理問題,在這些人當中包括有54%之30歲或以上之美國男性與50至 75%超過65歲之美國女性(Otberg, N., et al., Androgenetic alopecia,Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
, 2007 Jun, 36(2), 379-398 及 Scheinfeld, N., A review of hormonal therapy for female pattern (androgenic) alopecia,Dermatology online journal
, 2008. 14(3), 1-5.),此代表單是美國就有超過150萬人有此困擾。
關於雄激素遺傳性脫髮之病理生理原因尚未明瞭,但顧名思義,睪固酮於雄性禿及毛髮缺少問題中扮演重要角色,其係根據受閹割男性並未患有毛髮缺失問題所推斷(Otberg et al., 2007)。同樣地,假兩性畸形係位於5-alpha還原酶位點,而該位點是編碼涉及睪固酮代謝之酶,亦是避免雄激素遺傳性脫髮之發生(Ellis J. A., et al., Male pattern baldness: current treatments, future prospects,Drug Discovery Today
, 2008, 13, 791-797.)。睪固酮,一種由細胞膜擴散之親油性分子,可藉由細胞質5-AR轉化成較高活性形態之二氫睪固酮(DHT)。5-AR分成1和2兩種型態,而型態2之5-AR位於皮膚與毛囊內根鞘(Burkhart C. G., et al., 5 alpha-reductase and finasteride in pattern alopecia and acne,Journal of Drugs in Dermatology
, 2004, 3, 363-364.)。一旦DHT進入細胞核中與雄激素受器結合,會調控其基因表現。然而,涉及雄性禿相關的基因尚未辨明。
目前僅有局部性使用的化合物米諾地爾(minoxidil)與口服用藥菲那雄胺(finasteride)受核准用於治療雄激素遺傳性脫髮。米諾地爾原本係為一種治療高血壓之全身性血管舒張劑,但會造成許多病患在治療後發生散播性多毛症(Bienova M., et al, Androgenetic alopecia and current methods of treatment,Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina, Pannonica, et Adriatica
, 2005, 14, 5-8.)。研究發現局部施予米諾地爾後毛髮會有限地進行再生,特別係於所施予之部位。經過對於米諾地爾介導之毛髮生長之細胞與分子作用機制分析後,顯示出其能藉由活化ERK與Akt,以及藉由增加Bcl-2/Bax比率避免細胞死亡,促進人類毛囊中的毛囊乳突細胞(DPCs)之存活(Han J. H., et al., Effect of minoxidil on proliferation and apoptosis in dermal papilla cells of human hair follicle,J Dermatol Sci,
2004, 34, 91-98.)。毛囊乳突細胞被認為具有提供毛囊營養支持的功能(Rendl M., et al., BMP signaling in dermal papilla cells is required for their hair follicle-inductive properties,Genes Dev
2008, 22, 543-557.)。而能被米諾地爾上位調控的蛋白係為血管內皮生長因子(VEGF)、肝細胞生長因子(HGF)、類胰島素生長因子1(IGF-1)及骨形態發生蛋白4(BMP-4)( Ryu S. et al., Mycophenolate antagonizes IFN-gamma-induced catagen-like changes via beta-catenin activation in human dermal papilla cells and hair follicles,International Journal of Molecular Sciences
2014, 15, 16800-16815. )。米諾地爾進一步被認為能藉由活化毛囊乳突細胞細胞質膜上非耦合之磺醯脲類受體(SUR)加強HGF及IGF-1作用。米諾地爾被顯示出能有效維持毛囊存續,但對於刺激新毛囊生成無效。Sinclair證明僅有15%接受米諾地爾治療的人產生毛髮新生,而對於現有毛髮施予治療者,有50%的人於6個月內並未出現掉髮情形(Sinclair R., Male pattern androgenetic alopecia, BMJ, 1998, 317, 865-869.)。尤其,米諾地爾之非連續治療會造成掉髮現象,推測可能係因為失去營養支持所造成。
菲那雄胺,與米諾地爾不同,係為一種口服用藥,其具有潛在嚴重的副作用,包含勃起功能障礙、男性乳房發育症及性慾減退。菲那雄胺係為一種抑制睪固酮轉換成DHT之5-AR競爭性抑制劑,可以降低雄激素遺傳性脫髮(Price V. H., Treatment of hair loss,The New England Journal of Medicine
, 1999, 341, 964-973. )。
除了米諾地爾與菲那雄胺之外,環孢素A(CSA),係為一種免疫抑制藥物用於避免固體器官移植排斥之發生,其對於高達80%接受全身性治療之移植患者係可促進健全之毛髮生長(Wysocki G. P., et al., Hypertrichosis in patients receiving cyclosporine therapy,Clin Exp Dermatol
, 1987, 12, 191-196.)。雖然環孢素A具有高效防止器官移植排斥反應的發生,但以口服或非口服方式實施時具有嚴重且不良之副作用。因此,環孢素A係於危及生命之情況發生時不得不使用之全身用藥。相反地,局部且低劑量實施時,局部CSA並不會如口服實施之CSA引起免疫抑制、高血壓、腎毒性或其他嚴重或危及生命之副作用。
近來Fuchs及其同僚闡明關於CSA介導毛髮生長之機制。其等證實毛囊幹細胞優先表現出NFATc1,此係為其抑制幹細胞增生之場所。經施予後,CSA會結合鈣調蛋白依賴性之絲胺酸/蘇胺酸蛋白鈣調磷酸酶(calmodulin-dependent, serine/threonine protein phosphatase calcineurin),其進而與NFAT結合,並解除對於毛囊幹細胞之抑制作用。隨著NFAT抑制的解除,毛囊幹細胞增生,造成早熟毛囊生長(Horsley V., et al., NFATc1 balances quiescence and proliferation of skin stem cells,Cell,
2008, 132, 299-310.)。有趣的是,相對於口服的方式,以CSA局部治療的方式顯示出其單獨使用或與米諾地爾結合使用,對於患有雄激素遺傳性脫髮症之人促進毛髮生長之效果極低(Gilhar A., et al., Topical cyclosporine in male pattern alopecia, J Am Acad Dermatol, 1990, 22, 251-253;Buhl A. E., et al., Differences in activity of minoxidil and cyclosporin A on hair growth in nude and normal mice;Comparisons of in vivo and in vitro studies,Laboratory Investigation; A Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology
, 1990, 62, 104-107.)。
另一個可以刺激毛髮生長的化合物係為RT175(AMG-474-00, GM1485, GPI 1485)。RT175係為一241道耳吞(Dalton)之分子並具以下化學結構。RT175經證實對於進行神經外科手術前之開顱手術之大鼠可使毛髮再生(Ducruet et al., GM1485, a nonimmunosuppressive immunophilin ligand, promotes neurofunctional improvement and neural regeneration following stroke,J Neurosci Res
, 2012 Jul, 90(7):1413-23.)。RT175亦經證實對剃毛後之大鼠可誘使其毛髮生長(European Patent No. 1842845 to GliaMed, Inc., published October 10, 2007.)。RT175會與FK506結合蛋白4(FKBP52)產生高親合性連結。FKBP52已知係作為糖皮質激素受體(GR)之分子伴護蛋白。與配體結合後,RT175/GR複合體會轉移至細胞核(Banerjee A., et al. Control of glucocorticoid and progesterone receptor subcellular localization by the ligand-binding domain is mediated by distinct interactions with tetratricopeptide repeat proteins,Biochemistry
, 2008, 47, 10471-10480.)。經證實,纖維母細胞(fibroblasts)經過RT175兩個小時的治療後會使FKBP52轉移至細胞核,並可能伴隨其攜帶物。此時間範圍係與cDNA微陣列研究一致,該研究顯示透過轉錄因子Ikaros和Afq1,對於染色質構形重塑有明顯地上位調控功能,使用RT175治療會於細胞再程序化時造成染色質結構改變,包含與毛髮生長有關的分泌型分子wnt1和 IGF2之上位調控(Keshava C., et al., Transcriptional signatures of environmentally relevant exposures in normal human mammary epithelial cells: benzo[a]pyrene,Cancer Letters
, 2005, 221, 201-211; Koipally J., et al. Ikaros chromatin remodeling complexes in the control of differentiation of the hemo-lymphoid system,Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol
1999, 64, 79-86;Galbiati F., et al., Caveolin-1 expression inhibits Wnt/ beta-catenin/ Lef-1 signaling by recruiting beta-catenin to caveolae membrane domains,J Biol Chem
, 2000, 275, 23368-23377;Tamimi Y. et al., WNT5A is regulated by PAX2 and may be involved in blastemal predominant Wilms tumorigenesis, Neoplasia, 2008, 10, 1470-1480;Nakao K., et al., IGF2 modulates the microenvironment for osteoclastogenesis,Biochem Biophys Res Commun
, 2009, 378, 462-466; Sun Y., et al., Evolutionarily conserved transcriptional co-expression guiding embryonic stem cell differentiation,PLoS ONE
, 2008, 3, e3406; Andl T., et al., WNT signals are required for the initiation of hair follicle development,Developmental Cell
, 2002, 2, 643-653.)。
僅管米諾地爾與菲那雄胺係為商業可購得者,且全身性用藥之環孢素A及局部用藥之RT175用於囓齒動物上係可顯示出毛髮生長的情形,但該領域仍需要可避免因口服或非口服用藥所產生之副作用以及具有長期效果之用以治療人類禿頭症之局部施用組合物。
於一方面,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含一化合物,其可與FK506結合蛋白4相結合。
另一方面,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含一與FK506結合蛋白4相結合之化合物及至少一額外活性劑,其選自由米諾地爾(minoxidil)、環孢素A(cyclosporine A)及上述之結合所構成之群組。
另一方面,本發明是關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含一具有結構(I)之化合物(I)或其之一藥學上可接受之鹽類或酯類等、米諾地爾(minoxidil)與環孢素A(cyclosporine A),其中,R1為一羧基(COOH)、一甲氧基(methoxy)、一苯基(phenyl)、一苄基(benzyl)、一取代苯基(substituted phenyl)或一取代苄基(substituted benzyl)。
於一較佳實施例中,該具有結構(I)之具有結構(I)之化合物之取代苯基及取代苄基分別被一烷基(alkyl group)、一甲氧基(methoxy group)或一鹵素(halogen)所取代。
在一更佳實施例中,該具有結構(I)之化合物係選自由(RT175)、(RT1061)、(RT1062)及(RT1063)及其之一藥學上可接受之鹽類或酯類所構成之群組。
在一最佳實施例中,該具有結構(I)之化合物係為RT175。
另一方面,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含一具有結構(II)之化合物(II)或其之一藥學上可接受之鹽類或酯類、米諾地爾(minoxidil)與環孢素A(cyclosporine A)。
於另一更佳方面,本發明之組合物進一步包含至少一賦形劑(excipients)選自由尿素(urea)、硬脂酸聚乙二醇40(polyoxyl 40 stearate)、一卡波姆(carbomer)、鯨蠟醇(cetyl alcohol)、單硬脂酸甘油酯(glyceryl monostearate)、礦物油(mineral oil)、乙醇(ethanol)、丙二醇(propylene glycol)、聚乙二醇300(polyglycol 300)、檸檬酸(citric acid)、磷酸氫二鈉(sodium phosphate dibasic)、硬脂醇(stearyl alcohol)、肉荳蔻酸異丙酯(isopropyl myristate)、氫氧化鈉(sodium hydroxide)、石油膠(petroleum jelly)、三仙膠(xanthan gum)、白石蠟脂(white petrolatum)、山梨醇溶液(sorbitol solution)、鯨蠟硬脂醇(cetearyl alcohol)、鯨臘硬脂醇聚醚20(ceteareth-20)、聚甲矽康(simethicone)、苯甲酸鈉(sodium benzoate)、單硬脂酸甘油酯(glyceryl monostearate)、聚乙二醇單硬脂酸酯(polyethylene glycol monostearate)、山梨酸(sorbic acid)、二丁基羥基甲苯(butylated hydroxytoluene)與水所構成之群組。
於一較佳實施例中,該至少一賦形劑係由白石蠟脂、山梨醇溶液、丙二醇、鯨蠟硬脂醇、鯨臘硬脂醇聚醚20、聚甲矽康、單硬脂酸甘油酯、聚乙二醇單硬脂酸酯、山梨酸與二丁基羥基甲苯所組合而成。
於另一較佳實施例中,該至少一賦形劑係由尿素、硬脂酸聚乙二醇40、丙二醇、聚乙二醇300(Medisca 產品Medibase C)、檸檬酸、磷酸氫二納、鯨蠟醇、硬脂醇、肉荳蔻酸異丙酯、苯甲酸鈉以及水所組合而成。
於另一更佳實施例中,該至少一賦形劑係由約1,200公克之尿素、約103公克之硬脂酸聚乙二醇40、約63毫升之丙二醇、約47毫升之聚乙二醇300、約1公克之檸檬酸、約2公克之磷酸鈉、約94公克之鯨蠟醇、約200公克之硬脂醇、約219公克之肉荳蔻酸異丙酯、約3公克之苯甲酸鈉以及約1,000至1,500毫升之水所組合而成。
於一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含濃度約1%至約10% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.01% 至 1% w/v之環孢素A以及濃度約0.000001%至約0.0001% w/v之RT175。
於另一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含濃度約1%至約 10% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.01% 至 1% w/v之環孢素A、濃度約0.000001%至約0.0001% w/v 之RT175或一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類、濃度約10%至約50% w/v之乙醇、濃度約10%至約70% w/v之丙二醇及濃度約10%至約50% w/v之水。
於一更佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含濃度約5% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.12% w/v之環孢素A以及濃度約0.000012% w/v之RT175或其之一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類。
於另一更佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含濃度約5% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.12% w/v之環孢素A、濃度約0.000012% w/v之RT175或其之一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類、濃度約28% w/v之乙醇、濃度約47% w/v之丙二醇以及濃度約19% w/v之水。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之方法,該方法包含對有此需要之人局部施予一有效量之本發明組合物。
於一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療雄激素遺傳性脫髮之方法,該方法包含對有此需要之人局部施予一有效量之本發明組合物。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療患有禿頭症之人類之方法,該方法包含同時或依序局部施予米諾地爾、環孢素A及一與FK506結合蛋白4相結合之化合物。
於一較佳實施例中,該需要禿頭症治療之人係患有毛髮退色症(achromotrichia),且該方法係提供具有色素之毛髮再生,該毛髮退色症較佳者係由老化所導致。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種促進面部毛髮生長(包括眉毛)之方法,該方法包含對有此需要之人局部施予一有效量之本發明組合物。
於一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療患有禿頭症之人類之方法,該方法包含同時或依序局部施予濃度約1%至約10% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.01%至約1% w/v之環孢素A及濃度約0.000001%至約0.0001% w/v之RT175或其之一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類。
於一更佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療患有禿頭症之人類之方法,該方法包含同時或依序局部施予濃度約5% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.12% w/v之環孢素A,及濃度約0.000012% w/v之RT175或其之一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類。
於一更佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療患有禿頭症之人類之方法,該方法包含對有此需要之人局部施予一有效量之本發明組合物,該組合物包含米諾地爾、環孢素A、RT175或其之一藥學上可接受之鹽類或酯類與尿素。
在另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療患有禿頭症之人類之方法,該方法包含以下步驟: (1) 對於一人類之患部施予分段式雷射治療;以及 (2) 局部施予本發明之組合物, 其中,該些步驟可依任何順序為之。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療患有禿頭症之人類之方法,該方法包含以下步驟: (1) 以濃度40% w/v之尿素前治療一禿頭症之患部;以及 (2) 局部施予本發明之組合物。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種治療禿頭症之方法,該方法包含同時或依序局部施予一與FK506結合蛋白4相結合之化合物及至少一化合物選自由米諾地爾和環孢素A所組成之集合。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種治療禿頭症之方法,該方法包含同時或依序局部施予一與FK506結合蛋白4相結合之化合物、米諾地爾及環孢素A。
申請人意外發現一用於治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物比起現有治療方法具有低副作用與更長效之特性。
於此所述之「米諾地爾」(minoxidil)係指該化合物之結構式為及其任何藥學上可接受之鹽類或酯類。
於此所述之「環孢素A」(cyclosporine A)係指該化合物之結構式為及其之一任何藥學上可接受之鹽類或酯類。
於此所述之「RT175」係指該化合物之結構式為。
於此所述之「禿頭症」(alopecia)係指身體上毛髮的減少,無論是在頭皮、身體、臉、眉毛以及病理所引起之狀態。
於此所述之「藥學上可接受」係指該成份非屬生物學上或其他不良的局部應用。
於此所述之「有效量」係指治療一病患所需要之用量。
於此所述之「雄激素遺傳性脫髮」(androgenic alopecia)係指一種發生於青春期之體染色體遺傳性疾病。該疾病亦稱為遺傳性脫髮、雄性禿、脂溢性脫髮。雄激素遺傳性脫髮會發生於男性與女性上。
於此所述之「毛髮退色症」(achromotrichia)係指毛幹本身缺乏色素或逐漸失去色素。毛髮退色症可能係由年齡、壓力、飲食或疾病所造成。
於此所述之「分段式雷射療法」(fractional laser therapy)或「分段式雷射治療」(fractional laser treatment)係指所使用之雷射光被分成數千條區段並能與表皮層及真皮層進行反應。該種治療方式有時亦被稱為分段式雷射光熱解(fractional laser photothermolysis)。分段式雷射係可基於但不限於鉺(erbium)、二氧化碳(carbon dioxide)、二極體(diode)、釔鋁石榴石(YAG)、釔鈧鎵石榴石(YSGG)或其等之結合。可用於本發明中之商業上之分段式雷射範例包括但不限於Profractional (Sciton, Inc.)、 Halo (Sciton, Inc.)、 Emerge (Cynosure Palomar)、Lux1540 (Cynosure Palomar)、 Lux2940 (Cynosure Palomar)、 Deep FX (Lumenis)、 Active FX (Lumenis)、 Fraxel re:pair® (Fraxel re:pair係為Reliant Technologies LLC之註冊商標;可透過Solta Medical取得)、 Fraxel re:store® (Fraxel re:store係為Reliant Technologies LLC之註冊商標; 可透過 Solta Medical取得)、 Clear + Brilliant (Solta Medical), Fraxel® Dual 1550/1027 (Fraxel®係為Reliant Technologies LLC之註冊商標;可透過Solta Medical取得)及 Pearl® Fractional (Pearl係為Cutera, Inc之註冊商標)。
於此所述之「治療」或「處理」係指避免毛髮缺失以及毛髮的再生與生長。於此所述之「藥學上可接受」係指該成份非屬生物學上不良或不適用於局部用途。
於此所述之「有效量」係指治療一病患所需要之用量。
於此所述之「% w/v」與「percent w/v」係指整體配方之重量百分率。
於此所述之「R1
」係指一取代基,其選自由羧基(COOH)、甲氧基(methoxy)、苯基(phenyl)、芐基(benzyl)、取代苯基(substituted phenyl)及取代芐基(substituted benzyl)所構成之群組。
一般而言,於此所述之「取代」意指一或多個所指定的氫部分被替換為合適的取代基。
於此所述之「烷基」除另有說明外,意指直鏈或支鏈烷基,其係由一飽和烴基所構成,其具有1至24個碳原子。該烷基可為環狀或非環狀。於此所使用所有數值關於數量、重量等,應定義為「約」即每個數值為加或減10%。舉例來說,一句子「約10% w/v」應被理解為「9% 至 11% w/v」,因此,所述數值10%內之數量應被包含於權利範圍內。
在某些實施例中,本發明之組合物可能包含溶劑。該溶劑於本發明中包括但不限於乙醇(ethanol)、丙二醇(propylene glycol)、水(water)、聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol)、丙三醇(glycerol)、異硬脂酸(isostearic acid)、油酸(oleic acid)、三乙醇胺(trolamine)、氨丁三醇(tromethamine)、三乙酸甘油脂(triacetin)、山梨醇單月桂酸酯(sorbitan monolaurate)、山梨醇單油酸酯(sorbitan monooleate)、山梨醇酐單棕櫚酸酯(sorbitan monopalmitate) 、丁醇(butanol)、乙酸異戊酯(iso-amyl acetate)、甲醇(methanol)、丙醇(propanol)、異丁烯(isobutene)、戊烷(pentane)、正己烷(hexane)、氯丁醇(chlorobutanol)、松節油(turpentine)、聚山梨醇酯(cytopentasiloxane)、環二甲基矽酮(cyclomethicone)、甲基乙基酮(methyl ethyl ketone)及其等之混和物。而本發明所採用之溶劑濃度大約為10%至99% w/v,較佳者約為50%至99% w/v,更佳者約為80%至95% w/v。於一較佳實施例中,該溶劑係為乙醇、丙二醇和水之混和物,較佳者係為約10%至50% w/v之乙醇、約為10%至70% w/v之丙二醇,以及約為10%至50% w/v之水,更佳者係為約為28% w/v之乙醇、約為47% w/v之丙二醇,以及約為19% w/v之水。
於一實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,而該組合物包含一與FK506結合蛋白4相結合之化合物。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,而該組合物包含一與FK506結合蛋白4相結合之化合物以及至少一選自米諾地爾、環孢素A或其結合所構成群組之附加活性劑。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,而該組合物包含一具有結構式(I)之化合物或藥學上可接受之鹽類或酯類、米諾地爾及環孢素A,其中R1係可為羧基、甲氧基、苯基、芐基、取代苯基或取代芐基。
於一較佳實施例中,具有結構式(I)之化合物之取代苯基及取代芐基分別被一烷基、一甲氧基或一鹵素所取代。
於一更佳實施例中,該具有結構式(I)之化合物係選自由「RT175」、「RT1061」、「RT1062」和「RT1063」所組成之群組以及其之一藥學上可接受之鹽類或酯類。
於一最佳實施例中,該具有結構式(I)之化合物係為RT175。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,而該組合物包含一具有結構式(II)之化合物或藥學上可接受之鹽類或酯類、米諾地爾及環孢素A。
於另一更佳實施例方面,本發明之組合物進一步包含一或多個賦形劑,其係選自由尿素(urea)、硬脂酸聚乙二醇40(polyoxyl 40 stearate)、一卡波姆(carbomer)、鯨蠟醇(cetyl alcohol)、單硬脂酸甘油酯(glyceryl monostearate)、礦物油(mineral oil)、乙醇(ethanol)、丙二醇(propylene glycol)、聚乙二醇300(polyglycol 300)、檸檬酸(citric acid)、磷酸氫二鈉(sodium phosphate dibasic)、硬脂醇(stearyl alcohol)、肉荳蔻酸異丙酯(isopropyl myristate)、氫氧化鈉(sodium hydroxide)、石油膠(petroleum jelly)、三仙膠(xanthan gum)、白石蠟脂(white petrolatum)、山梨醇溶液(sorbitol solution)、鯨蠟硬脂醇(cetearyl alcohol)、鯨臘硬脂醇聚醚20(ceteareth-20)、聚甲矽康(simethicone)、苯甲酸鈉(sodium benzoate)、聚乙二醇單硬脂酸酯(polyethylene glycol monostearate)、山梨酸(sorbic acid)、二丁基羥基甲苯(butylated hydroxytoluene)與水(water)所組成之群組。
於一較佳實施例中,該至少一賦形劑係由白石蠟脂、山梨醇溶液、丙二醇、鯨蠟硬脂醇、鯨臘硬脂醇聚醚20、聚甲矽康、單硬脂酸甘油酯、聚乙二醇單硬脂酸酯、山梨酸與二丁基羥基甲苯所組合而成。
於另一較佳實施例中,該至少一賦形劑係由尿素、硬脂酸聚乙二醇40、丙二醇、聚乙二醇300 (Medibase C available from Medisca)、檸檬酸、磷酸氫二納、鯨蠟醇、硬脂醇、肉荳蔻酸異丙酯、苯甲酸鈉以及水組合而成。
於另一更佳實施例中,該至少一賦形劑係由約1,200公克之尿素、約103公克之硬脂酸聚乙二醇40、約63毫升之丙二醇、約47毫升之聚乙二醇300、約1公克之檸檬酸、約2公克之磷酸鈉、約94公克之十六醇、約200公克之硬脂醇、約219公克之肉荳蔻酸異丙酯、約3公克之苯甲酸鈉以及約1,000至1,500毫升之水所組合而成。
於一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含濃度約1%至約10% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.01% 至 1% w/v之環孢素A以及濃度約0.000001%至約0.0001% w/v之RT175。
於另一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含濃度約1%至約 10% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.01% 至 1% w/v之環孢素A、濃度約0.000001%至約0.0001% w/v 之RT175或一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類、濃度約10%至約50% w/v之乙醇、濃度約10%至約70% w/v之丙二醇及濃度約10%至約50% w/v之水。
於一更佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含濃度約5% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.12% w/v之環孢素A以及濃度約0.000012% w/v之RT175或其之一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類。
於另一更佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含濃度約5% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.12% w/v之環孢素A、濃度約0.000012% w/v之RT175或其之一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類、濃度約28% w/v之乙醇、濃度約47% w/v之丙二醇以及濃度約19% w/v之水。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之方法,該方法包含對有此需要之人局部施予一有效量之本發明組合物。
於一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療雄激素遺傳性脫髮(androgenic alopecia)之方法,該方法包含對此需要之人局部施予一有效量之本發明組合物。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療患有禿頭症之人類之方法,該方法包含同時或依序局部施予米諾地爾、環孢素A及一與FK506結合蛋白4相結合之化合物。
於一較佳實施例中,需要禿頭症治療之人類係患有毛髮退色症(achromotrichia),且該方法提供具有色素之毛髮再生,該毛髮退色症較佳者係由老化所導致。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種促進面部毛髮生長(包括但不限於眉毛)之方法,該方法包含對有此需要之人局部施予一有效量之本發明組合物。
於一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療患有禿頭症之人類之方法,該方法包含同時或依序局部施予濃度約1%至約10% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.01%至約1% w/v之環孢素A及濃度約0.000001%至約0.0001% w/v之RT175或其之一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類。
於一更佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療患有禿頭症之人類之方法,該方法包含同時或依序局部施予濃度約5% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.12% w/v之環孢素A,及濃度約0.000012% w/v之RT175或一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療患有禿頭症之人類之方法,該方法包含以下步驟: (1) 對一人類之患部施予分段式雷射治療;以及 (2) 局部施予本發明之組合物, 其中,該些步驟可依任何順序為之。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療患有禿頭症之人類之方法,該方法包含以下步驟: (1) 以濃度40% w/v之尿素前治療一禿頭症之患部;及 (2) 局部施予本發明之組合物。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種治療禿頭症之方法,該方法包含同時或依序局部施予一與FK506結合蛋白4相結合之化合物以及選自由米諾地爾和環孢素A所組成之群組之至少一化合物。
於另一實施例中,本發明係關於一種治療禿頭症之方法,該方法包含同時或依序局部施予一與FK506結合蛋白4相結合之化合物、米諾地爾及環孢素A。
於一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含濃度約5% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.12% w/v之環孢素A、及濃度約0.000012% w/v之RT175或其之一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類與其類似物或衍生物。
於另一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含濃度約5% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.12% w/v之環孢素A、濃度約0.000012% w/v之RT175或其之一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類與其類似物或衍生物、濃度約28% w/v之乙醇、濃度約47% w/v之丙二醇及濃度約19% w/v之水。
於另一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含濃度約5% w/v之米諾地爾、濃度約0.12% w/v之環孢素A、濃度約0.000012% w/v之RT175或一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類與其類似物或衍生物、及至少一賦形劑,該至少一賦形劑係選自由尿素、一卡波姆、鯨蠟醇、單硬脂酸甘油酯、礦物油、丙二醇、氫氧化鈉、石油膠、三仙膠及水所構成之群組,於一較佳實施例中,尿素之濃度約為40% w/v。
於另一較佳實施例中,本發明係關於一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含米諾地爾、環孢素A、RT175或一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類與其類似物或衍生物以及至少一賦形劑,該至少一賦形劑係選自由尿素、一卡波姆、鯨蠟醇、單硬脂酸甘油酯、礦物油、丙二醇、氫氧化鈉、石油膠、三仙膠及水所構成之群組。於該較佳實施例中,尿素之濃度約為40% w/v。
上述較佳實施例之調配係可包括以下步驟: 秤量出100g40%之尿素霜,該尿素霜包含40%之X-viateTM霜:40g尿素 (w/v)、卡波普、鯨蠟醇、單硬脂酸甘油酯、輕礦物油、丙二醇、水、氫氧化鈉、白石蠟脂及三仙膠;或滋潤霜#1:40g尿素加60g滋潤霜#1(硬脂酸聚乙二醇40 (103.125 g/L)、丙二醇(62.2ml/L)、聚乙二醇300 MW liquid (46.875ml/L)、無水檸檬酸(1.1g/L)、磷酸氫二納(2.04g/L)、鯨蠟醇蠟(93.75g/L)、硬脂醇蠟(200g/L)、肉荳蔻酸異丙酯(218.75/L)、重蒸水至1L;苯甲酸鈉(3.125g/L);加入5g米諾地爾粉末並加入120mg環孢素A粉末或120mg溶於2ml丙二醇之環孢素A;接著加入50ml之1M之RT175溶液(>120ng/ml final);接著混合該組合物並裝入20ml注射器中或分配於多個試管中。範例
範例1:局部施予RT175於大鼠背部皮膚之穿刺活體組織切片情形。
小鼠之背部皮膚接受5毫米,全皮層,穿刺活體組織切片,並以每日120毫微克(ng)之RT175局部治療該小鼠。
經過穿刺活體組織切片5日後,接受RT175之小鼠其傷口部位癒合明顯較接受載體之小鼠更快,如圖1所示,經過穿刺活體組織切片9日後,80%之接受RT175治療之小鼠其傷口幾乎完全閉合,其餘20%之傷口於18小時內閉合。另外,經過穿刺活體組織切片9日後,接受RT175治療之小鼠其傷口展現出強健之毛髮再生,即便於傷口中間亦具有完整毛囊,如圖1所示。相反地,接受載體治療的組織並未於傷口中間產生毛囊再生。 範例2:局部施予RT175於經開顱手術之大鼠其頭皮閉合情形。
以RT175測試接受腦部手術後之大鼠其中風後腦部再生之情形。經過手術後,頭皮已閉合。該等接受RT175治療之大鼠其頭皮已達完全閉合之狀態,如圖2(a)所示。然而,該等尚未接受RT175治療之大鼠其頭皮尚未閉合,如圖2(b)所示。 範例3:局部施予RT175於豬隻皮膚病變部位之治療情形。
一經過兩側皮膚分層手術(bilateral, slit thickness, skin surgery)之豬隻,在手術部位兩側具有病變。在其中一個病變部位每天以局部方式施予120毫微克(ng)之RT175。在另外一個病變部位僅施予載體(vehicle)。接受RT175治療之病變部位,而非僅接受載體治療之病變部位者,顯示早期及暫態肉芽組織的出現,再經過快速血管重建手術(rapid revascularization),傷口部位漸移出新生皮膚,以及毛髮再生及毛髮色素之加速生成,如圖3所示,並將圖3(b)與圖3(a)進行比較,毛髮的新生是伴隨上皮毛囊的再生而進行,大部分上皮毛囊會因為皮膚在創造分層皮膚傷口而如同切片機切削般被移除。 範例4:對患有雄激素遺傳性脫髮之59歲成年男性局部施予RT175及RT175/米諾地爾之治療情形。
以一天兩次的方式對一患有雄激素遺傳性脫髮之59歲成年男性施予1毫升之組合物進行治療,該組合物包含120毫微克/毫升(ng/ml)之RT175,其係溶於30% w/v之乙醇、50% w/v之丙二醇及20% w/v之水。該組合物係於早晨盥洗後及睡前直接施予頭冠上之禿頭皮膚,頭髮基線分佈情形如圖4(a)所示。
圖4(b)顯示出於接受RT175治療後4個月未有頭髮生長情形。於開始以120ng/ml之RT175及5% w/v米諾地爾於30% w/v之乙醇、50% w/v之丙二醇和20% w/v水之前,該個體係接受休假式治療(treatment holiday)一個月。圖4(c)描述在開始進行第二輪治療前頭皮的情形。圖4(d)顯示出RT175與米諾地爾之組合於誘導新生毛髮生長係為失敗。 範例5:對具有雄激素遺傳性脫髮之57歲成年男性局部施予RT175/米諾地爾/環孢素A之治療情形。
以一天兩次的方式對一患有雄激素遺傳性脫髮之57歲成年男性施予1毫升之組合物進行治療,該組合物包含120ng/ml之RT175(0.000012% w/v),每毫升有1.2毫克之環孢素A(0.12% w/v)及5% w/v米諾地爾,置於約28% w/v之乙醇、約47% w/v之丙二醇及約19% w/v水中。該組合物係於早晨盥洗後及睡前直接施予頭冠上之禿頭皮膚,缺少毛髮的範圍係如圖5其左上之方格(基線)。
圖5其右上方格顯現在21日後出現超出預期且大量的毛髮生長;圖5其中間左方格顯現28日後毛髮持續生長;圖5中間右方格顯現35日後毛髮繼續生長而左下方格顯現在第42日時額外生長出之毛髮。此等結果與範例4單獨使用RT175或與米諾地爾組合使用並未誘導患有雄激素遺傳性脫髮之男性有新生毛髮生長是令人驚訝且鮮明的對比。 範例6:對具有雄激素遺傳性脫髮及毛髮退色症之57歲成年男性局部施予RT175/米諾地爾/環孢素A顯示具有色素之毛髮再生長之情形。
以一天兩次之方式對一57歲患有雄激素遺傳性脫髮且已有毛髮退色症(毛囊與毛幹中之色素自然缺失)之男性施予1毫升之組合物進行治療,持續20周,該組合物含有120mg/mL之RT175(0.000012% w/v)、每毫升1.2毫克(mg/mL)之環孢素A(0.12% w/v)及5% w/v之米諾地爾,置於約28% w/v之乙醇、約47% w/v之丙二醇及約19% w/v水中。該組合物首先係於早晨盥洗後及睡前直接施予頭冠上之禿頭皮膚。於第5周時,該目標缺少毛髮部位開始生長出具有色素之毛髮,如圖6a所示,該目標所生長出具有色素之毛髮其顏色與開始發生毛髮退色情形前之毛髮顏色相同。而治療部位以外之毛髮並未有色素的生成。於經過20周的治療後,有大量具有色素之毛髮生長超過治療部位,如圖6b所示,該結果展現出本發明之組合物不僅讓患有雄激素遺傳性脫髮之患者毛髮再生長,也讓上述病患因年齡所造成毛髮退色再生長出具有色素之毛髮。 範例7:組合分段式雷射治療及局部方式施予米諾地爾、環孢素A或RT175用以治療禿頭症。
目標1,一50歲之成年男性,持續60日於早晨盥洗後及睡前局部施予RT175。在經過30日的治療後,目標1並未出現顯著的毛髮生長情形。自第60日開始,採用標準Fraxel®程序以Fraxel®分段式雷射治療目標1上因雄激素遺傳性脫髮之頭皮部位。Fraxel®治療之45日後,目標1並未顯現出明顯毛髮的再生長。再過7日後,對於目標1以Fraxel®再次進行治療8小時後,再局部施予含有RT175之組合物,目標1接著以RT175組合物局部治療的方式持續60日。 治療結果
在Fraxel®/RT175治療21日後,目標1因雄激素遺傳性脫髮之頭皮部位開始有毛髮再生。該毛髮再生長的情緒持續至90天之治療結束後。範例8:一24歲成年男性具有面部毛髮生長不足情形,使用RT175/米諾地爾/環孢素A以局部治療方式顯示出其促進面部毛髮的生長。
對一24歲具有面部毛髮生長不足之成年男性,以一天兩次施予0.4毫升之組合物進行治療持續3周,該組合物包含120 ng/mL之RT175(0.000012% w/v)、每毫升1.2毫克(mg/mL)之環孢素A(0.12% w/v)及5% w/v米諾地爾,置於Vanicream®(Vanicream是Pharmaceutical specialties, Inc.之註冊商標, Vanicream含有白石蠟脂、山梨醇溶液、丙二醇、鯨蠟硬脂醇、鯨蠟硬脂醇聚醚20、聚甲矽康、單硬脂酸甘油酯、聚乙二醇單硬脂酸酯、山梨酸及二丁基羥基甲苯)中。圖7的上半方格顯示面部毛髮的基線。圖7的下半方格,顯示使用RT175/米諾地爾/環孢素A每天2次持續3周之治療方式之其面部毛髮情形。 範例8:以RT175之類似物RT1061治療大鼠經磨皮後之背部皮膚病變部位。
雄性與雌性重量為45至50公克不適於繁殖之ICR小鼠,將毛髮剔除及銼削引發皮損病變。小鼠並經隨機分配(每5隻作為一治療組)至2個群組中的其中1組,並接受5µL之100毫微莫耳RT1061或作為一載體對照組。RT1061或一載體對照組係以每一天包含磨皮後立即局部施予於病變部位。
研究結果係如圖8所示,以RT1061治療(方格b、d和f)會出現毛髮快速生長及磨皮之皮膚快速再生。相反地,10天後載體對照組僅結痂並未有毛髮生長,如圖8之方格a、c及e所示。
無
圖1係為對小鼠背部皮膚局部施予RT175之穿刺活體組織切片之情形。 圖2係為對經開顱手術之小鼠其頭皮局部施予RT175之閉合情形。 圖3係為對豬隻皮膚病變部位局部施予RT175之治療情形。 圖4係為對患有雄激素遺傳性脫髮之59歲成年男性局部施予RT175及RT175/米諾地爾之治療情形。 圖5係為對具有雄激素遺傳性脫髮之57歲成年男性局部施予RT175/米諾地爾/環孢素A之治療情形。 圖6係為對具有雄激素遺傳性脫髮及毛髮退色症之57歲成年男性局部施予RT175/米諾地爾/環孢素A之治療情形。 圖7係為對面部毛髮生長不足之24歲成年男性施予RT175/米諾地爾/環孢素A之治療情形。 圖8係為對經刮削並施予10日RT1061治療之小鼠背部皮膚之皮膚與毛髮再生情形。
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Claims (23)
- 一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,該組合物包含一種與FK506結合蛋白4相結合之化合物。
- 如請求項1所述之組合物,該組合物進一步包含至少一額外活性劑,該至少一活性劑係選自由米諾地爾(minoxidil)、環孢素A(cyclosporine A)及其等之結合所構成之群組。
- 一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,包含: 一種與FK506結合蛋白4相結合之化合物; 米諾地爾(minoxidil);以及 環孢素A(cyclosporine A)。
- 一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,包含一具有結構(I)之化合物或其之一藥學上可接受之鹽類或酯類、米諾地爾(minoxidil)及環孢素A(cyclosporine A),其特徵在於R1 係選自由羧基(COOH)、一甲氧基(methoxy)、一苯基(phenyl)、一芐基(benzyl)、一取代苯基(substituted phenyl)及一取代芐基(substituted benzyl)所構成之群組。
- 如請求項4所述之組合物,其中,該取代苯基與該取代芐基係分別被一烷基(alkyl group)、一甲氧基(methoxy group)或一鹵素(halogen)所取代。
- 如請求項4之組合物,其中,該具有結構(I)之化合物係選自由、、和及其之一藥學上可接受之鹽類或酯類所構成之群組。
- 一種用以治療禿頭症之組合物,包含一具有結構(II)之化合物或其之一藥學上可接受之鹽類或酯類、米諾地爾(minoxidil)及環孢素A(cyclosporine A)。
- 如請求項1所述之組合物,該組合物進一步包含至少一賦形劑,該至少一賦形劑係選自由尿素(urea)、硬脂酸聚乙二醇40(polyoxyl 40 stearate)、一卡波姆(carbomer)、鯨蠟醇(cetyl alcohol)、單硬脂酸甘油酯(glyceryl monostearate)、礦物油(mineral oil)、乙醇(ethanol)、丙二醇(propylene glycol)、聚乙二醇300(polyglycol 300)、檸檬酸(citric acid)、磷酸氫二鈉(sodium phosphate dibasic)、硬脂醇(stearyl alcohol)、肉荳蔻酸異丙酯(isopropyl myristate)、氫氧化鈉(sodium hydroxide)、石油膠(petroleum jelly)、三仙膠(xanthan gum)、白石蠟脂(white petrolatum)、山梨醇溶液(sorbitol solution)、鯨臘硬脂醇(cetearyl alcohol)、鯨蠟硬脂醇聚醚20 (ceteareth-20)、聚甲矽康(simethicone)、苯甲酸鈉(sodium benzoate)、聚乙二醇單硬脂酸酯(polyethylene glycol monostearate)、山梨酸(sorbic acid)、二丁基羥基甲苯(butylated hydroxytoluene)及水所構成之群組。
- 如請求項7所述之組合物,其中,米諾地爾(minoxidil)之濃度係為約1%至約10% w/v、環孢素A(cyclosporine A)之濃度係為約0.01%至約1% w/v,該具有結構(II)之化合物或其之一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類之濃度約0.000001%至約0.0001% w/v,其中,w/v表示重量與體積比。
- 如請求項9所述之組合物,該組合物進一步包含濃度約為10%至約50% w/v之乙醇(ethanol)、濃度約為10%至約70% w/v之丙二醇(propylene glycol)以及濃度約10%至約50% w/v之水。
- 如請求項9所述之組合物,該組合物進一步包含40% w/v 之尿素(urea)。
- 如請求項11所述之組合物,該組合物進一步包含硬脂酸聚乙二醇40(polyoxyl 40 stearate)、檸檬酸(citric acid)、聚乙二醇300(polyglycol 300)、磷酸鈉(sodium phosphate)、鯨蠟醇(cetyl alcohol)、硬脂醇(stearyl alcohol)、肉荳蔻酸異丙酯(isopropyl myristate)及苯甲酸鈉(sodium benzoate)。
- 如請求項9所述之組合物,其中,米諾地爾(minoxidil)之濃度約為5% w/v、環孢素A(cyclosporine A)之濃度約為0.12% w/v,且及該具有結構(II)之化合物或其之一藥學上可接受鹽類或酯類之濃度約為0.000012% w/v。
- 如請求項9所述之組合物,該組合物進一步包含濃度約為28% w/v之乙醇(ethanol)、濃度約47% w/v之丙二醇(propylene glycol)及濃度19% w/v之水。
- 一種用以治療禿頭症之方法,該方法包含對有需要之人類局部施予一有效量之如申請專利範圍第1項所述之組合物。
- 如請求項15所述之方法,其中,該禿頭症係為雄激素遺傳性脫髮。
- 一種治療毛髮退色症(achromotrichia)之方法,該方法包含對有需要之人類局部施予一有效量之如申請專利範圍第1項所述之組合物。
- 如請求項17所述之方法,其中,該毛髮退色症係由老化所導致。
- 一種促進面部毛髮生長的方法,該方法包含對有需要之人類局部施予一有效量之如申請專利範圍第1項所述之組合物。
- 一種治療具有禿頭症之人類之方法,該方法包含以下步驟: (1) 對一人類之患部施予分段式雷射治療;以及 (2) 局部施予申請專利範圍第1項所述之組合物。
- 一種治療具有禿頭症之人類之方法,該方法包含以下步驟: (1) 以濃度40% w/v之尿素對因禿頭症所產生之患部進行前處理;以及 (2) 局部施予申請專利範圍第1項所述之組合物。
- 一種治療禿頭症之方法,該方法包含同時或依序地局部施予一與 FK506連結蛋白4相結合之化合物及選自由米諾地爾(minoxidil)和環孢素A(cyclosporine A)所構成之群組之至少一化合物。
- 如請求項22所述之方法,其中,與FK506結合蛋白4結合之該化合物係與米諾地爾(minoxidil)及環孢素A(cyclosporine A)同時或依序地局部施予。
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| US6187784B1 (en) * | 1998-06-03 | 2001-02-13 | Gpi Nil Holdings, Inc. | Pipecolic acid derivative hair growth compositions and uses |
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| KR100360716B1 (ko) * | 2000-11-22 | 2002-11-13 | 주식회사 엘지생활건강 | 사이클로스포린 에이 7- 티오아미드 유도체를유효성분으로 하는 모발성장촉진제 |
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| JP2014500275A (ja) * | 2010-12-06 | 2014-01-09 | フォリカ,インコーポレイテッド | 禿頭症を治療するため、および毛髪の成長を促進するための方法 |
| CN103747775A (zh) * | 2011-01-31 | 2014-04-23 | 阿勒根公司 | 促进毛发生长的方法 |
| US10285977B2 (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2019-05-14 | David Weinstein Consulting, Inc. | Compositions and methods for treating alopecia |
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