TW201630537A - Agent for increasing probiotic bacteria in animal intestines and method for improving intestinal environment of livestock using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention aims at improving an intestinal environment of animals such as livestock to avoid disease occurrence and further improve the productivity of the livestock. This invention discloses an agent for increasing probiotic bacteria in animal intestines, the agent is a fatty acid or a fatty acid salt containing at least one selected from a group consisting of octanoic acid, decanoic acid and lauric acid.

Description

Animal enteric probiotics increasing agent and method for improving intestinal environment of livestock using the same

The present invention relates to an intestine probiotic increase agent for an animal which increases the presence of probiotic bacteria in the intestine. Further, the present invention relates to an animal intestinal probiotics increasing agent of the present invention, which increases the probiotic bacteria in the intestinal flora of the livestock and reduces the harmful bacteria to improve the intestinal environment of the livestock, thereby improving A method for improving the intestinal environment of a livestock that maintains digestive function or immune function, prevents the occurrence of disease, and improves the effective productivity of livestock. The term "animal" as used in the present invention refers to a vertebrate such as a mammal, a bird, a reptile, a biogenic, or a fish, such as a human, a domestic animal, a primate (monkey, an orangutan, etc.), an experimental animal (a mouse, a rat). and many more. In addition, the term "livestock" as used in the present invention refers to an industrial animal that is tamed or raised by a person to use its production (milk, meat, eggs, etc.), a pet animal for viewing or watching, and a competition animal, for example, including Cows, pigs, sheep, goats, horses, poultry, dogs, cats, birds, farmed fish, etc.

In recent years, as the large-scale breeding pattern of livestock has been further developed, the way of individual management has been forced to be changed to group management. In this status quo, due to high stocking density (head or area/area) short-term feeding, replacement of different nutrients or different types of feed, hot, cold, weaning, artificial movement in the farm, or long distances of livestock Livestock is exposed to various management pressures, such as transportation. Especially in the summer, the unprecedented temperature rise due to global warming has significantly increased the pressure felt by livestock, and on the other hand, the pressure in the cold season, and the negative impact of these factors on livestock has increased. Such a result causes a decrease in productivity such as a decrease in disease occurrence or growth (weight gain), and a major problem of influence on product quality.

When the pressure is an indirect factor for reducing the productivity of the livestock, it may be due to the weakening of the internal organs such as the digestive tract, the decrease in the feed intake, the significant decrease in the digestion and absorption of the nutrient components, the imbalance of the intestinal flora, or the decrease in immunity. It is susceptible to infection by pathogens such as bacteria or protozoa. The intestinal flora contains probiotics and harmful bacteria, and the probiotics include bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus or Bifidobacterium, and on the other hand, the bacterium is Escherichia coli ( Escherichia Coli), bacteria of the genus Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens, and the like. Since the competitive proliferation balance of these probiotics and harmful bacteria is destroyed to form an intestinal flora which is dominant in bacteria, causing a decrease in immune function or a decrease in digestive function, it is considered to be a cause of disease occurrence or a decrease in productivity.

For the treatment of livestock subjected to stress, for example, a nutritional supplement for livestock containing high-grade fatty acid triglyceride and medium-chain fatty acid triglyceride (Patent Document 1), and animal-to-plant fats and food fibers are disclosed. A substitute milk composition for young animals for improving diarrhea, soft stool and stress reduction of young animals (Patent Document 2), a substitute milk for young animals containing a non-fat milk powder and/or soybean meal and containing a medium-chain fatty acid or a salt thereof The composition (Patent Document 3) or a drug containing a medium-chain fatty acid mixture and used for suppressing contamination of coliforms (Patent Document 4).

[PRIOR ART DOCUMENT] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. Bulletin 5259905

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, since it is only necessary to supplement the higher fatty acid triglyceride and the medium chain fatty acid triglyceride, or only in combination with the dietary fiber, it takes a lot of time until the livestock activity is improved, so The time it takes to infect a pathogen makes it difficult to improve productivity. Moreover, if it is not possible to improve the biological adjustment function or immune function caused by stress in nutrition, feeding management and feeding environment, and repair intestinal mucosa, especially fluff, etc., there will be no expectation of sufficient growth and feed efficiency. Such as the improvement of productivity, or the improvement of diseases such as diarrhea. Further, although the mixture of medium-chain fatty acids also has a nutritional supplement effect or an inhibitory effect on intestinal coliforms, the effects of inhibition of other pests or administration of probiotics such as bifidobacteria are not known.

The object of the present invention is to improve the intestinal environment of animals such as livestock by focusing on the above-mentioned series of situations, thereby preventing the occurrence of diseases and improving the productivity of livestock.

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to solve the problem, the present inventors have found that a specific acid or a salt thereof can increase probiotics in the intestinal flora of animals such as livestock and reduce the number of harmful bacteria. The present invention has been completed by improving the intestinal environment, preventing the occurrence of disease or reducing productivity.

That is, the animal intestinal probiotic increase agent of the present invention is a fatty acid or a fatty acid salt containing at least one selected from the group consisting of caprylic acid, citric acid, and lauric acid. Further, the method for improving the intestinal environment of the livestock of the present invention is to provide the livestock with 0.1 to 2% by weight of the feed of the enteric probiotics increasing agent of the animal of the present invention.

[Effect of the Invention] A large number of bacterial groups are present in the intestinal tract of an animal to form intestinal flora. The animal enteric probiotics increasing agent of the present invention can increase the probiotics in the intestinal flora of animals such as livestock and reduce the harmful bacteria, thereby improving the intestinal environment of the animal into a probiotic-promoting flora and preventing diseases. It happens before it increases productivity. Further, the main components of octanoic acid, citric acid, and lauric acid are substances which are extremely fast in absorption rate and metabolic rate, and therefore are effective in quickly obtaining vitality after ingestion. Further, the method for improving the intestinal environment of the livestock of the present invention can improve the intestinal environment of the livestock, prevent the occurrence of the disease, and increase the productivity.

The invention will be described in detail below. The enteric probiotics increasing agent for animals of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "probiotic increase agent") is a fatty acid or a salt thereof (hereinafter referred to as "a probiotic extracting agent" selected from the group consisting of caprylic acid, capric acid, and lauric acid. "Fatty acids, etc."). It is preferred to contain two kinds of fatty acids or salts thereof selected from the group consisting of caprylic acid, capric acid, and lauric acid, and particularly preferably those containing these three kinds of fatty acids or salts thereof.

The fatty acid salt is preferably a calcium salt or a magnesium salt of the above various fatty acids from the viewpoint of essential mineral components of livestock, and may be used singly or in combination of two. The metal salts of these fatty acids are solid at room temperature, are easy to handle, and are easily mixed with the feed, and in view of the rumen effect on ruminants, these fatty acid metal salts are preferred among the lipids. In particular, it is preferred to use a solid powdered or granulated fatty acid calcium or fatty acid magnesium.

The probiotic increase agent of the invention can be applied to livestock such as cattle, pigs and chickens, for example, short-term feeding, high-density (head or only/area), replacement of feeds with different nutrition or type, hot, cold, weaning, In the period when the livestock are subjected to various management pressures such as the artificial movement of the farms or the long-distance transportation of livestock, the bacteria in the intestines are reduced and the probiotics are increased, so that the disease can be prevented and the feed can be promoted. Maintain or grow up to maintain productivity.

The probiotics-increasing agent of the present invention can be reduced by the administration of a feed for livestock (hereinafter also referred to as a feed for livestock of the present invention), and examples thereof include Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and a gas-producing capsule. Bacteria, etc., especially for Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens, have a strong effect. In addition, examples of the probiotic which can be increased by the administration of the feed for livestock of the present invention include bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus or the genus Bifidobacterium.

The probiotic enhancer of the present invention may contain known additives such as carriers, excipients and the like. The content of the above fatty acid or the like in the probiotic increase agent of the present invention is preferably 70% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 95% by weight or more. When the content is less than 70% by weight, there may be a case where the intestinal flora of the animal is not sufficiently improved, and other components such as long-chain fatty acids or minerals are required to be inefficient.

The probiotic increase agent and the livestock feed of the present invention can be used as a food additive or a pharmaceutical product, and can also be used as a feed additive for livestock. The feed for livestock may contain meal such as corn flour, rice flour, rice bran, etc., inorganic substances, amino acids, proteins, vitamins, lipids and the like. For example, it may be included in the ingredients described in the Japan Standard Feed Ingredients Table (published in 2009, edited by the Independent Administrative Corporation Agriculture, Food Industry Technology General Research Institute). The type of the probiotic increase agent and the feed for livestock of the present invention may be any one of a liquid form, a paste form, a powder form, a granular form, a pellet form, and the like, and a known method can be used depending on the desired form. To modulate.

In the method for improving the intestinal environment of the livestock of the present invention, the livestock is formulated with 0.1 to 2% by weight, preferably 0.10 to 1.5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.5 to 1% by weight, of the feed of the probiotics increasing agent of the present invention. When the amount of livestock administered is less than 0.1% by weight in the feed, the effects of the present invention may not be obtained. Further, the frequency of administration or the amount of administration of the feed to which the probiotic increase agent of the present invention is formulated can vary depending on the physical properties of the feed, the type of livestock, or the body weight (age), etc., and the usual frequency or dose of administration of the feed is employed.

[Embodiment] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on the examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

As a feed for livestock used in the examples, four kinds of livestock feeds of calcium octylate, calcium citrate, calcium laurate, and caprylic/capric acid/lauric acid mixed fatty acid calcium were prepared. In addition, "octanoic acid/capric acid/lauric acid mixed fatty acid calcium" is a calcium salt of a mixed fatty acid formed of octanoic acid: citric acid: lauric acid = 20:20:60 (weight ratio), and is made by the oil chemical industry company. commodity. The fatty acid content of livestock feed is shown in Table 1.

[Table 1] Fatty acid content of livestock feed used in the examples

[Examples 1 to 5, Comparative Examples 1 to 5] 50 Dutch dairy cows, which were fed with water and the basal feed as shown in Table 2, were used in each of the Examples and Comparative Examples, and given Table 3 And the livestock feed shown in Table 4 for 3 weeks. Fecal samples were taken 3 weeks later and stored frozen until analysis. The number of bacteria in the feces was investigated by real-time quantitative PCR method for Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens. Specifically, the DNA is extracted according to 1. The self-test body is extracted; 2. The DNA is analyzed by each PCR method; 3. The number of bacteria is quantified based on the proportional relationship between the amount of the gene and the number of bacteria; Next, the number of bacteria before administration was taken as 1 to calculate a relative value. In addition, multiplex PCR is used to carry out nine Lactobacillus bacteria in the feces, that is, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei-group, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Detection of Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus reuteri. In addition, the incidence of diarrhea during the administration period, the amount of milk produced after 3 weeks of administration, the milk fat percentage, and the milk protein ratio were investigated. The results of the respective examples are shown in Tables 5, 7, 7, and 10, and the results of the respective comparative examples are shown in Table 6, Table 8, Table 9, and Table 10, respectively.

[Table 2] The proportion of the basic feed

[Table 3] The amount of feed for livestock used in basic feed

【Table 4】

【table 5】

[Table 6]

[Table 7]

[Table 8]

[Table 9]

[Table 10]

As shown in Table 5, in the feces of cattle to which the probiotics increasing agents of Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention were administered, the number of bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium was increased from 1.02 to 1.18 times that of the unadministered bovine, Escherichia coli In order to reduce 0.77 times to 0.16 times, Clostridium perfringens was reduced by 0.89 times to 0.70 times. On the other hand, as shown in Table 6, the Lactobacillus brevis and the Escherichia coli in Comparative Examples 1 to 5 did not increase or decrease much, and the Clostridium perfringens increased by a maximum of 1.22 times. The number of bacteria in the genus Salmonella in Examples 1 to 5 was 0.98 to 0.93 times without much change, and Campylobacter jejuni was 1.13 to 1.16 times and showed a slight increase, Comparative Examples 1 to 5 In the case of Salmonella in the range of 1.01 to 1.10 times and Campylobacter jejuni in the range of 1.17 to 1.26 times, it is known that the increase in the number of bacteria in both cases is inhibited.

As shown in Table 7, the number of heads of the genus Lactobacillus was detected in the feces of Examples 1 to 5, and the Lactobacillus casei group was 20% to 40%, and the Lactobacillus bergii was 40% to 60%. On the other hand, as shown in Table 8, in Comparative Examples 1 to 5, no individual of any kind of bacteria was detected.

Further, the incidence of diarrhea in Examples 1 to 5 as shown in Table 9 was 0 to 20%. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were 40 to 80%, and the incidence of diarrhea was higher than those of Examples 1 to 5.

Examples 1 to 5 shown in Table 10 are milk yields as high as 37 to 39 kg/day. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were 33 to 35 kg/day, and the amount of milk produced was lower than those of Examples 1 to 5.

[Examples 6 to 10, Comparative Examples 6 to 10] 50 LWD seed castlets to which water and a basal feed as shown in Table 11 were satiety-fed were used, and 5 heads were used in each of the examples and the comparative examples, and The livestock feeds shown in Table 12 and Table 13 were given for 2 weeks. Fecal samples were taken 2 weeks later and stored frozen until analysis. The number of bacteria in the feces was investigated by real-time quantitative PCR method for Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens. Specifically, the DNA is extracted according to 1. The self-test body is extracted; 2. The DNA is analyzed by each PCR method; 3. The number of bacteria is quantified based on the proportional relationship between the amount of the gene and the number of bacteria; Next, the number of bacteria in the pig before administration was taken as 1 to calculate a relative value. In addition, multiplex PCR is used to carry out 9 strains of Lactobacillus in the feces, that is, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casein, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus bergii, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus reh. , Loder because of the detection of lactobacilli. In addition, the incidence of diarrhea during the administration period and the feed efficiency from the two-week feed intake and body weight were further investigated. The results of the respective examples are shown in Table 14, Table 16, Table 18, and Table 19, and the results of the respective comparative examples are shown in Table 15, Table 17, Table 18, and Table 19, respectively.

[Table 11] The proportion of the base feed

[Table 12]

[Table 13]

[Table 14]

[Table 15]

[Table 16]

[Table 17]

[Table 18]

[Table 19]

As shown in Table 14, in Examples 6 to 10, the Lactobacillus in the feces increased from 1.16 to 1.35 times, the Escherichia coli was reduced by 0.79 to 0.26 times, and the Salmonella was decreased by 0.84 to 0.21. Times, Campylobacter jejuni was reduced by 0.88 to 0.60 times, and Clostridium perfringens was reduced by 0.89 to 0.66 times. On the other hand, as shown in Table 15, in the case of Comparative Examples 6 to 10, the genus Bifidobacterium was 0.93 to 1.00 times without much change, and Escherichia coli was 1.00 to 1.11 times, and Salmonella was In order to increase to 1.05 times to 1.16 times, Campylobacter jejuni increased to 1.15 to 1.27 times, and Clostridium perfringens increased to 1.08 to 1.29 times.

As shown in Table 16, the number of heads of Lactobacillus (detection rate) was detected in the feces of Examples 6 to 10, 40% to 60% of Lactobacillus acidophilus, and 20% of Lactobacillus pallidum. 80%, Lactobacillus bergii is 60% to 80%, and Lactobacillus brevis is 40% to 60%. On the other hand, as shown in Table 17, the Lactobacillus acidophilus in Comparative Examples 6 to 10 was 0% to 20%, the Lactobacillus bacillus was 0% to 20%, and the Lactobacillus kawaii was 0% to 20%. %, Lactobacillus brevis is 0% to 20%, so the detection rate is low, and no other bacteria are detected.

Further, the incidence of diarrhea in Examples 6 to 10 as shown in Table 18 was 0 to 20%. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 6 to 10 were 40 to 80%, and the incidence of diarrhea was higher than that of Examples 6 to 10.

Further, the feed efficiencies of Examples 6 to 10 as shown in Table 19 were as high as 0.81 to 0.84. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 6 to 10 were 0.77 to 0.79, and the feed efficiency was lower than those of Examples 6 to 10.

[Examples 11 to 15 and Comparative Examples 11 to 15] 1000 three-week-old broilers to which water and the basal diet shown in Table 20 were satiety-fed were used, and 100 each were used in each of the examples and the comparative examples, and The livestock feeds shown in Table 21 and Table 22 were given for 5 weeks. After 5 weeks of administration, stool samples were taken from 5 out of each zone and stored frozen until analysis. The number of bacteria in the feces was investigated by real-time quantitative PCR method for Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens. Specifically, the DNA is extracted according to 1. The self-test body is extracted; 2. The DNA is analyzed by each PCR method; 3. The number of bacteria is quantified based on the proportional relationship between the amount of the gene and the number of bacteria; Next, the number of bacteria in the broiler before administration was taken as 1 to calculate a relative value. In addition, multiplex PCR is used to carry out 9 strains of Lactobacillus in the feces, that is, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casein, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus bergii, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus reh. , Loder because of the detection of lactobacilli. In addition, the breeding rate after 5 weeks was also investigated. The results of the respective examples are shown in Table 23, Table 25, and Table 27, respectively, and the results of the respective comparative examples are shown in Table 24, Table 26, and Table 27, respectively.

[Table 20] The proportion of the basic feed

[Table 21]

[Table 22]

[Table 23]

[Table 24]

[Table 25]

[Table 26]

[Table 27]

As shown in Table 23, in Examples 11 to 15, the Bifidobacterium genus in the feces increased to 1.16 times to 1.31 times, the Escherichia coli decreased by 0.77 times to 0.40 times, and the Salmonella genus decreased by 0.58 times to 0.23. Times, Campylobacter jejuni was reduced by 0.80 to 0.63 times, and Clostridium perfringens was reduced by 0.85 to 0.64 times. On the other hand, as shown in Table 24, in the case of Comparative Examples 11 to 15, the Bifidobacterium genus was 0.98 to 1.01 times without much change, and the Escherichia coli was increased to 0.99 times to 1.11 times, and Salmonella was increased. The genus was 1.04 times to 1.11 times, Campylobacter jejuni was 1.00 to 1.16 times, and Clostridium perfringens was 0.99 to 1.10 times and was expressed as an increase or not.

As shown in Table 25, the ratio of the number of Lactobacillus species (detection rate) was detected in the feces of Examples 11 to 15, and the Lactobacillus acidophilus was detected to be 40% to 60%, and the Lactobacillus pallidum was 40%~60%, Lactobacillus bergii is 40%~80%, and Lactobacillus brevis is 40%~80%. On the other hand, as shown in Table 26, in Comparative Examples 11 to 15, Lactobacillus pallidum was 0% to 20%, Lactobacillus bergii was 0% to 20%, and Lactobacillus brevis was 0%. 20%, the detection rate is low, and no other bacteria are detected.

Further, the growth rates of Examples 11 to 15 shown in Table 27 were 99 to 100%. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 11 to 15, the ratio was 95 to 97, and the growth rate was lower than that of Examples 11 to 15.

Since the intestine probiotics increasing agent of the present invention can increase the number of probiotics present in the intestine and reduce the number of harmful bacteria, and improve the intestinal environment of the animal, it can be used as a food additive, a medicine or a feed additive for livestock. In particular, by administering a specific amount of the feed of the enteric probiotics increasing agent of the animal of the present invention to the livestock, the probiotics in the intestinal flora of the livestock can be increased and the harmful bacteria can be reduced to improve the intestinal tract of the livestock. The internal environment can prevent the occurrence of diseases and improve the productivity of livestock.

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Claims (4)

An animal intestinal probiotic increase agent comprising a fatty acid or a fatty acid salt of at least one selected from the group consisting of caprylic acid, citric acid, and lauric acid. The animal enteric probiotics increasing agent according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid salt is a calcium salt. The enteric probiotics increasing agent of the animal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the probiotics of the intestine belong to a genus of the genus Bifidobacterium. A method for improving the intestinal environment of a livestock, comprising: administering to the livestock a feed of 0.1 to 2% by weight of the enteric probiotics increasing agent of the animal according to any one of claims 1 to 3.