TW201611496A - Bidirectional DC-DC converter - Google Patents

Abstract

A bidirectional DC-DC converter includes two active switches, an auxiliary capacitor, a first inductor, a second inductor, a high voltage capacitor connected to a high voltage DC voltage source, and a low voltage capacitor connected to a low voltage DC voltage source, the voltages of the auxiliary capacitor and the high and low voltage capacitors can make the first inductor have minimum current ripple. The double switches can complement signals during operation. When transferring energy unidirectionally, one of the active switches can be replaced by a diode or continue to use, improving the transferring efficiency.

Description

Bidirectional DC converter

The invention has been developed in connection with a DC converter, especially a bidirectional DC converter.

Switched power supplies are widely used in electronics and industrial products due to their high efficiency, high energy density, small size and light weight. However, since the switching power supply adopts active switching to handle the characteristics of energy, it has a problem of high-frequency current chopping. In practical applications, electromagnetic interference (EMI), output voltage quality is affected, and additional loss is caused. With the increase of filter components, etc., the traditional converter such as buck or boost converter, the simplest way to improve the chopping is at the converter input or output. The terminal is connected to a large-capacity filter electrolytic capacitor, but this method will cause the converter to increase in volume, reduce the power density, and thus its service life may be reduced.

According to the conventional bidirectional DC converter, the current sent from the high voltage side is a pulse wave current due to the opening or closing of the switch. In the boost mode, the converter transfers energy from the low voltage side to the high voltage side, and is sent to the high voltage side capacitor. The current is also in the form of a pulse wave. This pulse wave form will cause a large electromagnetic interference, causing a fluctuation of the high-voltage side capacitor voltage during boosting, which affects the output power quality. To solve this problem, the conventional method is to reduce the voltage during the step-down. An LC filter is added to the input of the high-voltage side. When boosting, the high-voltage side uses a large-capacitance electrolytic capacitor to absorb the pulse current, and the converter volume will Therefore, the increase in the normal service life will also be limited by the electrolytic capacitor.

Therefore, the present invention proposes a bidirectional DC converter for the disadvantages of the above-described bidirectional DC converter, which has a low number of components and can be transmitted through the first inductor to achieve a low voltage/current chopping effect on the high voltage side or the low voltage side. It can avoid the use of large-capacity electrolytic capacitors, reduce electromagnetic interference, and improve output voltage quality, but does not need to add many active or passive components.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a bidirectional DC converter that solves the problem of pulse currents on a high voltage side or a low voltage side of a conventional converter, and clamps the first inductor through the auxiliary capacitor voltage and the two high and low side capacitor voltages. The voltage gives it a near zero voltage/current chopping effect.

A bidirectional DC converter is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source anode, the low voltage a DC voltage source having a positive pole of a low voltage DC voltage source and a cathode of a low voltage DC voltage source, the bidirectional DC converter comprising: a high side capacitor for paralleling the high voltage DC voltage source and having an electrical connection to the high voltage a first end of the high voltage side capacitor of the first node, and a second end of the high side capacitor electrically connected to the negative pole of the high voltage DC voltage source; a first inductor having a first node a first end of the first inductor and a first end of the first inductor; a first switch having a first end of the first switch electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor and forming a second node a second switch of the first switch that is electrically connected or disconnected from the first end of the first switch; a second switch having an electrical connection to the second end of the first switch and forming a first A first end of the second switching node, a second switch controlled by the first terminal of the second switch is electrically conductive or open second end, the second opening The second end is electrically connected to the second end of the high voltage side capacitor and forms a fourth node; an auxiliary capacitor has a first end of the auxiliary capacitor electrically connected to the second node, and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor a second inductor having a first end of the second inductor electrically connected to the third node, and a second end of the second inductor electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fifth node; a low-voltage side capacitor for paralleling the low-voltage DC voltage source, and having a first end of the low-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the fifth node and the anode of the low-voltage DC voltage source, and electrically connected to the fourth node And a second end of the low-voltage side capacitor of the negative pole of the low-voltage DC voltage source; the conduction or cut-off control signals of the first switch and the second switch are complementary.

The first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to the n-phase, and include: an n-th phase first active switch having an n-th phase first active switch first end, and a The nth phase first active switch second end, the nth phase first active switch is electrically connected to the first inductor second end and the auxiliary capacitor first end; an nth phase second active switch has a first a first end of the n-phase second active switch, and a second end of the n-th phase second active switch, the first end of the n-th phase second active switch is electrically connected to the second end of the n-th phase first active switch Forming an nth phase third node, the nth phase second active switch second end is electrically connected to the fourth node; an nth phase second inductor having an nth phase second inductor first end, and An nth phase second inductor second end, the nth phase second inductor first end is electrically connected to the nth phase third node, and the nth phase second inductor second end is electrically connected to the auxiliary capacitor Second end.

Wherein, in the two-way energy transfer, the control signals of the first switch and the second switch of each phase are complementary, and the first switch control signals of each phase can be interleaved or synchronously controlled; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode When the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, in the boost mode, the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode.

The invention provides another bidirectional DC converter, which is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source. a negative electrode, the low-voltage DC voltage source has a low-voltage DC voltage source positive electrode, and a low-voltage DC voltage source negative electrode, the bidirectional DC converter includes: a high-voltage side capacitor having an electrical connection to the high-voltage DC voltage source positive electrode and forming a first end of the high-voltage side capacitor of the first node, and a second end of the high-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage DC voltage source; a first inductor having a second electrical connection with the second end of the high-voltage side capacitor And forming a first end of the first node of the second node, and a first end of the first inductor; a first switch having a first end of the first switch electrically connected to the first node, a controlled a first switch second end of the first switch electrically connected or disconnected; a second switch having a second switch electrically connected to the second end of the first switch and forming a third node The second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the second end of the first switch and is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch. a fourth node; a storage capacitor having a first end of the auxiliary capacitor electrically connected to the first node and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; and a second inductor having a second electrically connected to the third node a first end of the inductor, and a second end of the second inductor electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fifth node; a low side capacitor for paralleling the low voltage DC voltage source and having an electrical property a first end of the low-voltage side capacitor connected to the fifth node and the anode of the low-voltage DC voltage source, and a second end of the low-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the fourth node and the cathode of the low-voltage DC voltage source; the first switch It is complementary to the on or off control signal of the second switch.

The first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to The n phase includes: an nth phase first active switch having an nth phase first active switch first end and an nth phase first active switch second end, the nth phase first active switch The second end of the high voltage side capacitor is electrically connected to the first end of the auxiliary capacitor; the nth phase second active switch has an nth phase second active switch first end and an nth phase second a second end of the active switch, the first end of the nth phase second active switch is electrically connected to the second end of the nth phase first active switch and forms an nth phase third node, and the second start is an nth expansion The second end is electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor; an nth phase second inductor has an nth phase second inductor first end and an nth phase second inductor second end, the nth phase The first end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the third node of the nth phase, and the second end of the second inductor of the nth phase is electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor.

Wherein, in the two-way energy transfer, the control signals of the first switch and the second switch of each phase are complementary, and the first switch control signals of each phase can be interleaved or synchronously controlled; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode When the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, in the boost mode, the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode.

The invention provides another bidirectional DC converter, which is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source. a negative electrode, the low-voltage DC voltage source has a low-voltage DC voltage source positive electrode, and a low-voltage DC voltage source negative electrode, the bidirectional DC converter includes: a high-voltage side capacitor having an electrical connection to the high-voltage DC voltage source positive electrode and forming a first end of the high voltage side capacitor of the first node, and a second end of the high voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the negative pole of the high voltage DC voltage source and forming a second node; a first switch having an electrical connection a first switch first end of a node, a controlled first end of the first switch a second switch of the first switch electrically connected or disconnected; a second switch having a first end of the second switch electrically connected to the second end of the first switch and forming a third node, a second switch, the second end of the second switch is electrically connected to or disconnected from the second end, the second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the second node; and an auxiliary capacitor has an electrical connection to the first node a first end of the auxiliary capacitor and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; a second inductor having a first end of the second inductor electrically connected to the third node, and a second end electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor Forming a second inductor second end of the fourth node; a first inductor having a first inductor first end electrically coupled to the fourth node, and a first inductor second end; a low side capacitor The low voltage DC voltage source is connected in parallel, and has a first end of the low voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor and the anode of the low voltage DC voltage source and forming a fifth node, and is electrically connected to The second node and the low voltage side of the negative pole of the low voltage DC voltage source A second end; the first and second switches are turned on or off of the control signal are complementary.

The first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to the n-phase, and include: an n-th phase first active switch having an n-th phase first active switch first end, and a a first end of the nth phase first active switch, the first end of the nth phase first active switch is electrically connected to the first end of the high voltage side capacitor and the first end of the auxiliary capacitor; an nth phase second active switch, The first end of the nth phase second active switch and the second end of the nth phase second active switch, the first end of the nth phase second active switch and the second end of the nth phase first active switch Sexually connecting and forming an nth phase third node, the nth phase second active switch second end is electrically connected to the second node; an nth phase second inductor having an nth phase second inductance first And a second end of the nth phase second inductor, wherein the first end of the nth phase second inductor is electrically connected to the nth In the third node, the second end of the nth phase second inductor is electrically connected to the fourth node.

Wherein, in the two-way energy transfer, the control signals of the first switch and the second switch of each phase are complementary, and the first switch control signals of each phase can be interleaved or synchronously controlled; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode When the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, in the boost mode, the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode.

The invention provides another bidirectional DC converter, which is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source. a negative electrode, the low-voltage DC voltage source has a low-voltage DC voltage source positive electrode, and a low-voltage DC voltage source negative electrode, the bidirectional DC converter includes: a high-voltage side capacitor having an electrical connection to the high-voltage DC voltage source positive electrode and forming a first end of the high voltage side capacitor of the first node, and a second end of the high voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the negative pole of the high voltage DC voltage source and forming a second node; a first switch having an electrical connection a first switch first end of a node, a first switch second end controlled to be electrically connected or disconnected to the first end of the first switch; a second switch having an electrical connection to the first switch a second switch first end of the second node forming a third node, a second switch second end controlled by the first end of the second switch electrically connected or disconnected, the second end of the second switch Connected to the second node; an auxiliary capacitor having a first end of the auxiliary capacitor electrically connected to the first node and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; and a second inductor having an electrical connection a first end of the second inductor of the three nodes, and a second end of the second inductor electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fourth node; a first inductor having an electrical property with the second node a first end of the first inductor and a second end of the first inductor; a low side capacitor for paralleling the low voltage DC voltage source and having an electrical connection to the first a four-node and a first end of the low-voltage side capacitor of the anode of the low-voltage DC voltage source, and a second end of the low-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor and the cathode of the low-voltage DC voltage source and forming a fifth node The on/off control signals of the first switch and the second switch are complementary.

The first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to an n-phase, and include: an n-th phase first active switch having an n-th phase first active switch first end and a first a first end of the n-phase first active switch, the first end of the n-th phase first active switch is electrically connected to the first end of the high-voltage side capacitor and the first end of the auxiliary capacitor; and an n-th phase second active switch has An nth phase second active switch first end and an nth phase second active switch second end, the nth phase second active switch first end is electrically connected to the nth phase first active switch second end Forming an nth phase third node, the nth phase second active switch second end is electrically connected to the node 2; an nth phase second inductor having an nth phase second inductor first end and a first The nth phase second inductor second end is electrically connected to the nth phase third node, and the nth phase second inductor second end is electrically connected to the fourth node.

Wherein, in the two-way energy transfer, the control signals of the first switch and the second switch of each phase are complementary, and the first switch control signals of each phase can be interleaved or synchronously controlled; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode When the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, in the boost mode, the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode.

The invention provides another bidirectional DC converter, which is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source. a negative electrode, the low voltage DC voltage source, having a low voltage DC voltage source positive electrode, and a low voltage DC voltage source negative electrode, the bidirectional DC converter package The method includes: a high-voltage side capacitor having a first end of the high-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the anode of the high-voltage DC voltage source and forming a first node, and an electrical connection to the anode of the high-voltage DC voltage source and forming a fourth a second end of the high-voltage side capacitor of the node; a first inductor having a first end of the first inductor electrically connected to the first node, and a second end of the first inductor; and a first switch having an electrical property a first switch first end connected to the second end of the first inductor and forming a second node, a first switch second end controlled to be electrically connected or disconnected from the first end of the first switch; a second switch a second switch first end electrically connected to the second end of the first switch and forming a third node, and a second switch second controlled to be electrically connected or disconnected from the first end of the second switch The second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the fourth node; an auxiliary capacitor has a first end of the auxiliary capacitor electrically connected to the fourth node, and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; An inductor having a second electrical connection electrically connected to the third node a first end, and a second inductor second end electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fifth node; a low side capacitor for paralleling the low voltage DC voltage source and having an electrical connection a first end of the low voltage side capacitor of the second node and the anode of the low voltage DC voltage source, and a second end of the low side capacitor electrically connected to the fifth node and the cathode of the low voltage DC voltage source; the first switch and the first switch The turn-on or turn-off control signals of the second switch are complementary.

The first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to an n-phase, and include: an n-th phase first active switch having an n-th phase first active switch first end and a first The n-phase first active switch second end, the n-th phase first active switch first end is electrically connected to the second node; an n-th phase second active switch has an n-th phase second active switch first And an nth phase second active switch second end, the nth phase second active switch One end is electrically connected to the second end of the nth phase first active switch and forms an nth phase third node, and the second end of the nth phase second active switch is electrically connected to the fourth node; an nth phase a second inductor having an nth phase second inductor first end and an nth phase second inductor second end, wherein the nth phase second inductor first end is electrically connected to the nth phase third node, The second end of the nth phase second inductor is electrically connected to the fifth node.

Wherein, in the two-way energy transfer, the control signals of the first switch and the second switch of each phase are complementary, and the first switch control signals of each phase can be interleaved or synchronously controlled; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode When the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, in the boost mode, the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode.

The invention provides another bidirectional DC converter, which is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source. a negative electrode, the low-voltage DC voltage source has a low-voltage DC voltage source positive electrode, and a low-voltage DC voltage source negative electrode, the bidirectional DC converter includes: a high-voltage side capacitor having an electrical connection to the high-voltage DC voltage source positive electrode and forming a first end of the high voltage side capacitor of the first node, and a second end of the high side capacitor electrically connected to the cathode of the high voltage DC voltage source and forming a second node; a first inductor having a second node a first end of the first inductor and a first end of the first inductor; a first switch having a first end of the first switch electrically connected to the first node, a controlled and the first switch a first switch second end electrically connected or disconnected; a second switch having a second switch electrically connected to the second end of the first switch and forming a third node A second switch controlled by the first terminal of the second switch is turned on or electrically disconnecting a second end, a second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first inductor and forming a fourth An auxiliary capacitor having a first end of the auxiliary capacitor electrically connected to the fourth node and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; and a second inductor having a second inductor electrically connected to the third node a first end, and a second inductor second end electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fifth node; a low side capacitor for paralleling the low voltage DC voltage source and having an electrical connection a first end of the low voltage side capacitor of the first node and the anode of the low voltage DC voltage source, and a second end of the low side capacitor electrically connected to the fifth node and the cathode of the low voltage DC voltage source; the first switch and the first switch The turn-on or turn-off control signals of the second switch are complementary.

The first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to an n-phase, and include: an n-th phase first active switch having an n-th phase first active switch first end and a first The n-phase first active switch second end, the n-th phase first active switch first end is electrically connected to the first node; an n-th phase second active switch has an n-th phase second active switch first And a second end of the nth phase second active switch, the first end of the nth phase second active switch is electrically connected to the second end of the nth phase first active switch and forms an nth phase third node, The second end of the nth phase second active switch is electrically connected to the fourth node; an nth phase second inductor has an nth phase second inductor first end and an nth phase second inductor second end The first end of the nth phase second inductor is electrically connected to the nth phase third node, and the nth phase second inductor second end is electrically connected to the fifth node.

Wherein, in the two-way energy transfer, the control signals of the first switch and the second switch of each phase are complementary, and the first switch control signals of each phase can be interleaved or synchronously controlled; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode When the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, in the boost mode, the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode.

The invention provides another bidirectional DC converter, which is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source. a negative electrode, the low-voltage DC voltage source has a low-voltage DC voltage source positive electrode, and a low-voltage DC voltage source negative electrode, the bidirectional DC converter includes: a high-voltage side capacitor having an electrical connection to the high-voltage DC voltage source positive electrode and forming a first end of the high voltage side capacitor of the first node, and a second end of the high voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the negative pole of the high voltage DC voltage source and forming a second node; a first switch having an electrical connection a first switch first end of a node, a first switch second end controlled to be electrically connected or disconnected to the first end of the first switch; a second switch having an electrical connection to the first switch a second switch first end of the second node forming a third node, a second switch second end controlled by the first end of the second switch electrically connected or disconnected, the second end of the second switch Connected to the second node; an auxiliary capacitor having a first end of the auxiliary capacitor electrically connected to the second node and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; and a second inductor having an electrical connection a first end of the second inductor of the three nodes, and a second end of the second inductor electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fifth node; a first inductor having an electrical property with the first node a first end of the first inductor and a second end of the first inductor; a low side capacitor for paralleling the low voltage DC voltage source, and having an electrical connection to the second end of the first inductor and the low voltage DC a first end of the low voltage side capacitor forming a fourth node, and a second end of the low side capacitor electrically connected to the fifth node and the negative pole of the low voltage DC voltage source; the first switch and the second switch The turn-on or turn-off control signals are complementary.

The first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to The n phase includes: an nth phase first active switch having an nth phase first active switch first end and an nth phase first active switch second end, the nth phase first active switch One end is electrically connected to the first node; an nth phase second active switch has an nth phase second active switch first end and an nth phase second active switch second end, the nth phase The first end of the second active switch is electrically connected to the second end of the nth phase first active switch and forms an nth phase third node, and the second end of the nth phase second active switch is electrically connected to the second node An nth phase second inductor having an nth phase second inductor first end and an nth phase second inductor second end, wherein the nth phase second inductor first end is electrically connected to the nth phase The third node, the second end of the nth phase second inductor is electrically connected to the fifth node.

Wherein, in the two-way energy transfer, the control signals of the first switch and the second switch of each phase are complementary, and the first switch control signals of each phase can be interleaved or synchronously controlled; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode When the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, in the boost mode, the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode.

The invention provides another bidirectional DC converter, which is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source. a negative electrode, the low-voltage DC voltage source has a low-voltage DC voltage source positive electrode, and a low-voltage DC voltage source negative electrode, the bidirectional DC converter includes: a high-voltage side capacitor having an electrical connection to the high-voltage DC voltage source positive electrode and forming a first end of the high voltage side capacitor of the first node, and a second end of the high voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the negative pole of the high voltage DC voltage source and forming a second node; a first switch having an electrical connection a first switch first end of a node, a first switch second end controlled to be electrically connected or disconnected to the first end of the first switch; a second switch having an electrical connection a second switch first end of the first switch and forming a third node, a second switch second end controlled by the first end of the second switch electrically connected or disconnected, the second switch The second end is electrically connected to the second node; an auxiliary capacitor has a first end of the auxiliary capacitor electrically connected to the second node, and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; and a second inductor having an electrical connection a second inductor first end of the third node, and a second inductor second end electrically coupled to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fourth node; a first inductor having one and the fourth a first inductor first end electrically connected to the node, and a first inductor second end; a low side capacitor for paralleling the low voltage DC voltage source and having an electrical connection to the first node and the low voltage DC a first end of the low-voltage side capacitor of the positive pole of the voltage source, and a second end of the low-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor and the cathode of the low-voltage DC voltage source and forming a fifth node; the first switch and the first switch The turn-on or turn-off control signals of the second switch are complementary.

The first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to an n-phase, and include: an n-th phase first active switch having an n-th phase first active switch first end and a first The n-phase first active switch second end, the n-th phase first active switch first end is electrically connected to the first node; an n-th phase second active switch has an n-th phase second active switch first And a second end of the nth phase second active switch, the first end of the nth phase second active switch is electrically connected to the second end of the nth phase first active switch and forms an nth phase third node, The second end of the nth phase second active switch is electrically connected to the second node; an nth phase second inductor has an nth phase second inductor first end and an nth phase second inductor second end The first end of the nth phase second inductor is electrically connected to the nth phase third node, and the nth phase second inductor second end is electrically connected to the fourth node.

Wherein, in the two-way energy transfer, the control signals of the first switch and the second switch of each phase are complementary, and the first switch control signals of each phase can be interleaved or synchronously controlled; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode When the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, in the boost mode, the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode.

The bidirectional DC converter of the present invention has the function of transmitting energy from the high voltage side to the low voltage side without additional chopper cancellation technology, the converter has very small input and output chopping; and the energy from the low voltage side to the high voltage side When transmitting, there is no need for additional external circuits or control techniques. The converter has very small input and output chopping, and the converter requires only two active switches to complete bidirectional energy transfer, which is simple in operation and high in reliability.

S ₁ ‧‧‧first switch

S ₁₁ ‧‧‧first switch first end

S ₁₂ ‧‧‧first switch second end

S _1n ‧‧‧n-phase first active switch

S _1n1 ‧‧‧ the n-phase first active switch having a first terminal

S _{1n2 ‧‧‧n-} phase first active switch second end

S ₂ ‧‧‧second switch

S ₂₁ ‧‧‧Second switch first end

S ₂₂ ‧‧‧second switch second end

S _2n ‧‧‧n-phase second active switch

S _2n1 ‧‧‧ the n-phase second switch of the first end of the active

S _2n2 ‧‧‧n-phase second active switch second end

C _A ‧‧‧Auxiliary Capacitor

C _A1 ‧‧‧First end of auxiliary capacitor

C _A2 ‧‧‧second end of auxiliary capacitor

C _H ‧‧‧high side capacitor

C _H1 ‧‧‧ high-pressure side end of the first capacitor

C _H2 ‧‧‧High-voltage side capacitor second end

A low pressure side capacitor C _L ‧‧‧

C _L1 ‧‧‧Low-side capacitor first end

C _L2 ‧‧‧ capacitance of the second end of the low-pressure side

L ₁ ‧‧‧first inductance

L ₁₁ ‧‧‧first inductance first end

L ₁₂ ‧‧‧first inductor second end

L ₂ ‧‧‧second inductance

L ₂₁ ‧‧‧First inductance first end

L ₂₂ ‧‧‧second inductance second end

N L _2n ‧‧‧ of a second phase inductor

L _{2n1 ‧‧‧n-} phase second inductor first end

L _2n2 ‧‧‧n-phase second inductor second end

V _H ‧‧‧High voltage DC voltage source

V _H+ ‧‧‧High voltage DC voltage source positive electrode

V _H- ‧‧‧ High voltage DC voltage source negative

V _L ‧‧‧Low-voltage DC voltage source

V _L+ ‧‧‧Low voltage DC voltage source positive

V _L -‧‧‧ low DC voltage source negative

R _L ‧‧‧Load resistor

N ₁ ‧‧‧ first node

N ₂ ‧‧‧second node

N ₃ ‧‧‧ third node

N ₄ ‧‧‧ fourth node

N ₅ ‧‧‧ fifth node

N _3n ‧‧‧n nth third node

S _1T ‧‧‧The first switch switching action state

S _2T ‧‧‧Second switch switching action status

I _S1 ‧‧‧First switch current

I _S2 ‧‧‧Second switch current

V _S1 ‧‧‧ voltage between the first end of the first switch and the second end of the first switch

V _S2 ‧‧‧ voltage between the first end of the second switch and the second end of the second switch

I _{IN, H} ‧‧‧High-side input current

I _IN,L ‧‧‧Low-side input current

I _OH ‧‧‧High-side output current

I _OL ‧‧‧Low-side output current

I _L1 ‧‧‧first inductor current

I _L2 ‧‧‧second inductor current

V _CA ‧‧‧Auxiliary capacitor voltage

V _CH ‧‧‧High-voltage side capacitor voltage

V _CL ‧‧‧Low-side capacitor voltage

V _OH ‧‧‧High-voltage side output voltage

V _OL ‧‧‧ the low-pressure side output voltage

1 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

2 is a block diagram of an n-phase expansion circuit of a first embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

3 is a circuit configuration of a bidirectional DC converter according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which the energy flows from the high side to the low side.

FIG. 4 shows an equivalent circuit of the bidirectional DC converter embodiment 1 in the buck mode.

FIG. 5 shows an equivalent circuit of the bidirectional DC converter embodiment 1 in the buck mode 2.

FIG. 6 shows a key waveform of the circuit of the embodiment of the bidirectional DC converter in the buck mode.

FIG. 7 shows a circuit configuration of a bidirectional DC converter in a boost mode, that is, an example of a power pack load in which energy flows from a low voltage side to a high voltage side.

FIG. 8 shows an equivalent circuit of the boost mode one embodiment of the bidirectional DC converter of the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows an equivalent circuit of the boost mode 2 in the first embodiment of the bidirectional DC converter.

Figure 10 is a diagram showing the key waveform of the circuit of the embodiment of the bidirectional DC converter in the boost mode.

11 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

12 is a block diagram of an n-phase expansion circuit of a second embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram of an n-phase expansion circuit of a third embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram of a fourth embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

16 is a diagram showing an n-phase expansion circuit architecture of a fourth embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

Figure 17 is a circuit diagram of a fifth embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

18 is a diagram showing the architecture of an n-phase expansion circuit of a fifth embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

19 is a circuit diagram of a sixth embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram of an n-phase expansion circuit of a sixth embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

Figure 21 is a circuit diagram of a seventh embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

Figure 22 is a block diagram showing the n-phase expansion circuit of the seventh embodiment of the bidirectional DC converter of the present invention.

Figure 23 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment 8 of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention.

Figure 24 is a block diagram showing the n-phase expansion circuit of the eighth embodiment of the bidirectional DC converter of the present invention.

1 is a circuit architecture diagram of a bidirectional DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention, a bidirectional DC converter suitable for electrically connecting between a high voltage DC voltage source V _H and a low voltage DC voltage source V _L , the high voltage The DC voltage source V _H has a high voltage DC voltage source positive V _H+ and a high voltage DC voltage source negative V _H- , the low voltage DC voltage source V _L , has a low voltage DC voltage source positive V _L+ , and a low voltage DC voltage The source negative pole V _L- , the bidirectional DC converter comprises: a high voltage side capacitor C _H , a low side capacitor C _L , an auxiliary capacitor C _A , a first inductor L ₁ , a second inductor L ₂ , a first switch S ₁ , a second switch S ₂ , wherein:

The high-voltage side capacitor C _{H is configured} to connect the high-voltage DC voltage source V _H and has a high-voltage side capacitor first end C _H1 electrically connected to the high-voltage DC voltage source positive V _H+ and forming a first node N ₁ . And a second end of the high voltage side capacitor C _H2 electrically connected to the negative electrode V _H- of the high voltage DC voltage source.

The first inductor L ₁ has a first inductor first end L ₁₁ electrically connected to the first node N ₁ and a first inductor second end L ₁₂ .

The first switch S ₁ has a first switch first end S ₁₁ electrically connected to the first inductor second end L ₁₂ and forming a second node N ₂ , and is controlled and the first end of the first switch S ₁₁ electrical conduction of the first switch or the second end of the disconnection S _12.

The second switch S ₂ has a second switch first end S ₂₁ electrically connected to the second end S _{12 of} the first switch and forming a third node N ₃ , a controlled and the second switch first S ₂₁ ends electrically conductive or disconnect the second terminal of the second switch S _22, a second terminal of the second switch S ₂₂ is connected to the high-pressure side end of the second capacitor C _H2 electrically and forming a fourth node N _4.

The storage capacitor C _A, having an electrical connection to the second node N auxiliary capacitance C _{A1 2} of a first end and a second end of the auxiliary capacitance C _A2.

The second inductor L ₂ has a second inductor first end L ₂₁ electrically connected to the third node N ₃ , and is electrically connected to the second capacitor C _{A2 of} the auxiliary capacitor and forms a fifth node N ₅ the second end of the second inductor L _22.

The low-voltage side capacitor C _{L is configured} to connect the low-voltage DC voltage source V _L and has a low-voltage side capacitor first end C _L1 electrically connected to the fifth node N ₅ and the low-voltage DC voltage source positive V _L+ . And a second end of the low voltage side capacitor C _L2 electrically coupled to the fourth node N ₄ and the low voltage DC voltage source negative terminal V _L− ; the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S _{2 are} turned on or off Complementary.

2 is an n-phase expansion circuit architecture diagram of a first embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention. The first switch S ₁ , the second switch S ₂ and the second inductor L ₂ can be expanded to an n-phase, which includes There is: an nth phase first active switch S _1n having an nth phase first active switch first end S _1n1 and an nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 , the nth phase first active The switch S _{1n is} electrically connected to the first inductor second end L ₁₂ and the auxiliary capacitor first end C _A1 ; an nth phase second active switch S _2n has an nth phase second active switch first end S _2n1 , and an nth phase second active switch second end S _2n2 , the nth phase second active switch first end S _{2n1 is electrically} connected with the nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 and forms a The nth phase third node N _3n , the nth phase second active switch second end electrical S _{2n2 is} electrically connected to the fourth node N ₄ ; an nth phase second inductor L _2n has an nth phase a second inductor first end L _2n1 , and an nth phase second inductor second end L _2n2 , the nth phase second inductor first end L _{2n1 is} electrically connected to the nth phase third node N _3n , Nth The second inductor second end L _{2n2 is} electrically connected to the auxiliary capacitor second end C _A2 ; the control signals of the nth phase first active switch S _1n and each nth phase second active switch S _2n are Complementary, and each nth phase first active switch S _1n signal may be interleaved or synchronously controlled.

Referring to FIG. 3, a circuit configuration of a bidirectional DC converter according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown in a step-down operation mode, that is, an energy flow from a high voltage side to a low side resistance load example, with a high voltage DC voltage source _VH as an input terminal, and a load R _L For the output, the buck mode of operation is composed.

4 is an equivalent circuit of a bidirectional DC converter according to a second embodiment of the buck mode, in mode one t ₀ t In t ₁ , the first switch S _{1 is} turned on, and the second switch S _{2 is} turned off. At this time, the input voltage is sent to the load R _{L through the} parallel circuit of the first inductor L ₁ and the auxiliary capacitor C _A and the second inductor L ₂ . The auxiliary capacitor C _A also stores part of its energy to the second inductor L ₂ , this mode continues until the first switch S ₁ is turned off and enters mode two.

5 is an equivalent circuit of a bidirectional DC converter according to a second embodiment of the buck mode, in mode 2 t ₁ t Under t ₂ , the first switch S _{1 is} turned off, and the second switch S _{2 is} turned on. When entering this mode, the input end energy is sent to the load R _L via the first inductor L ₁ and supplements the energy of the auxiliary capacitor C _A , and the second inductor L ₂ the freewheeling current flows through the second switch S ₂ to the energy of the low-pressure side and the load capacitance C _L R _L.

6 is a key waveform of the circuit of the bidirectional DC converter according to the embodiment of the present invention. The horizontal axis is the t-time, the vertical axis is the working condition of the voltage and current of each component, and the DTs segment is the mode one t _{0 .} t The change of t ₁ during this time, the (1-D)Ts segment is mode two t ₁ t t ₂ during this period of time, Ts is the duty cycle, S _1T is the first switch switching action state, when the first inductor current I _{L1 is} in the buck mode, it is the input current, and the result can be found when the energy is from the high voltage side Transmitting to the low side, no additional chopping cancellation technology is required, and the converter has nearly zero input current chopping effect.

7 is a circuit configuration of a bidirectional DC converter according to a first embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter, that is, an example of a resistive load in which energy flows from a low voltage side to a high voltage side, with a low voltage DC voltage source V _L as an input terminal, and an output terminal The load R _L represents a step-up operation mode in which the main switching operation of the converter is replaced by the second switch S ₂ .

8 is an equivalent circuit of a bidirectional DC converter according to Embodiment 1 of the boost mode, in mode one t ₀ t At t ₁ , the first switch S _{1 is} turned off, and the second switch S _{2 is} turned on. At this time, the low-voltage DC voltage source V _L together with the auxiliary capacitor C _A sends energy to the output terminal R _L , and the low-voltage DC voltage source V _{L is} also The second inductor L ₂ stores energy. After the next mode, the energy is supplemented to the auxiliary capacitor C _A , and the second switch S ₂ continues the conduction state of the mode 1 until the second switch S _{2 is} turned off and enters the mode 2.

9 is an equivalent circuit of a bidirectional DC converter according to Embodiment 1 of the boost mode, in mode 2 t ₁ t Under t ₂ , the first switch S _{1 is} turned on, and the second switch S _{2 is} turned off. At this time, the input voltage of the low voltage DC voltage source V _{L is} supplied to the load via the auxiliary capacitor V _CA and the first inductor L ₁ , and the previous mode is stored in The energy in the second inductor L ₂ is partially supplied to the auxiliary capacitor C _A and partially to the output load R _L . This mode will end when the second switch S _{2 is} turned on to complete the operation of one cycle.

10 is a key waveform of a circuit of a bidirectional DC converter according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The horizontal axis is the t-table time, the vertical axis is the voltage and current of each component, and the DTS segment is the mode one t _{0 .} t The change of t ₁ during this time, the (1-D)Ts segment is mode two t ₁ t t ₂ changes during this time, Ts is a duty cycle, S _2T is the second switch switching action state, the first inductor current I _L1 is a DC with little chopping in the boost mode, almost with the output current Equal, so that the output current can be supplied without interruption, and the output high-voltage side capacitor voltage V _CH will be maintained at a near constant value. When the energy is transmitted from the low-voltage side to the high-voltage side, no additional circuit or control technique is required. The high side output voltage V _OH has a near zero output voltage ripple.

As described above, in the buck mode of the converter embodiment, the first inductor current I _L1 is the input current, which is a DC with a small chopping wave, which is almost completely improved compared with the input current of the conventional basic converter. The disadvantage caused by the original pulse current; in the boost mode, the first inductor current I _L1 is a DC with a small chopping, which is almost equal to the output current, so the output current is uninterrupted, and the output high-voltage side capacitor The voltage V _CH will be maintained at almost constant value. Compared with the current supplied by the conventional basic converter to the output capacitor, the original output capacitor is almost completely improved, and the ripple caused by the load is separately supplied during the duration of the switching operation.

11 is a circuit architecture diagram of a bidirectional DC converter according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and its function is the same as that of the first embodiment, so it will not be described again. The difference is that the bidirectional DC converter is suitable for electrical connection at a high voltage. Between the DC voltage source V _H and a low voltage DC voltage source V _L , the high voltage DC voltage source V _H has a high voltage DC voltage source positive V _H+ and a high voltage DC voltage source negative V _H- , the low voltage DC voltage source V _L has a low voltage DC voltage source positive V _L+ and a low voltage DC voltage source negative V _L- , the bidirectional DC converter includes: a high voltage side capacitor C _H having an electrical connection to the high voltage DC voltage source positive electrode V _H+ and forming a high voltage side capacitor first end C _{H1 of the} first node N ₁ , and a high voltage side capacitor second end C _H2 electrically connected to the high voltage DC voltage source negative V _H− ; a first inductor L ₁ , having a first inductor first end L ₁₁ electrically connected to the high voltage side capacitor second end C _H2 and forming a second node N ₂ , and a first inductor second end L ₁₂ ; a first switch S ₁ , having an electrical connection to the first node N A first end of a first switch ₁ to S _11, a first switch controlled by the first terminal S ₁₁ is electrically conductive or open second end of the first switch S _12; a second switch S _2, having an electrical a second switch first end S ₂₁ connected to the second end S _{12 of} the first switch and forming a third node N _{3 , and} a second controlled to be electrically connected or disconnected from the first end S _{21 of} the second switch the second end of the switch S _22, a second terminal of the second switch S ₂₂ connected to and forming a fourth node N ₄ L ₁₂ and the second end of the first inductor electrically; a storage capacitor C _a, having an electrical connection to the a first capacitor C _{A1 of} the first node N ₁ and a second capacitor C _{A2 of the} auxiliary capacitor; a second inductor L ₂ having a second inductor electrically connected to the third node N ₃ end of L _21, a V and a second point N ₅ inductor L ₂₂ and the second end to the second end of the auxiliary capacitance C _A2 is electrically connected to and forming; a low-pressure side of the capacitor C _L, in parallel to the low DC voltage source V _L, and having a electrically connected to the fifth node N ₅ and the low DC voltage source V _{L +} positive pressure side of the first end of the capacitor C _L1, and is electrically connected to a The fourth node N ₄ and the V _L- negative low DC voltage source to the low pressure side of the second end of the capacitor C _L2; a first switch S ₁ and a second switch S ₂ is turned on or off of the control signal are complementary.

12 is a structural diagram of an n-th expansion circuit of a bidirectional DC converter according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The first switch S ₁ , the second switch S ₂ and the second inductor L ₂ may be expanded to an n-phase, which includes There is: an nth phase first active switch S _1n having an nth phase first active switch first end S _1n1 and an nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 , the nth phase first active switch The first end S _1n1 is electrically connected to the high voltage side capacitor second end C _H2 and the auxiliary capacitor first end C _A1 ; the nth phase second active switch S _2n has an nth phase second active switch The first end S _2n1 and the nth phase second active switch second end S _{2n2 are} electrically connected to the nth phase second active switch first end S _2n1 and the nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 Forming an nth phase third node N _3n , the nth phase second active switch second end S _{2n2 is} electrically connected to the first inductor second end L ₁₂ ; an nth phase second inductor L _2n has a an n-phase second inductor L _2n1 first end and a second end of a second n-phase second inductor L _2n2, the n-th end of the first phase of the second inductor L _2n1 electrically connected to the n-th phase third node N _3n The n-th second end with a second inductance L _2n2 electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitance C _A2; when each of the n phases of the first active switch S _1n each of the n-phase S _2n second active switching operation thereof The control signals are complementary, and each nth phase first active switch S _1n signal can be interleaved or synchronously controlled.

13 is a circuit diagram of a three-phase DC converter according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The function of the circuit is the same as that of the first embodiment, and therefore the difference is that the bidirectional DC converter is suitable for electrical connection to a high voltage DC. Between the voltage source V _H and a low voltage DC voltage source V _L , the high voltage DC voltage source V _H has a high voltage DC voltage source positive V _H+ and a high voltage DC voltage source negative V _H- , the low voltage DC voltage source V _L , having a low voltage DC voltage source positive V _L+ and a low voltage DC voltage source negative V _L- , the bidirectional DC converter comprising: a high side capacitor C _H having an electrical connection to the high voltage DC voltage source positive V _H+ and forming a high voltage side capacitor first end C _{H1 of the} first node N ₁ , and a high voltage side capacitor second end C electrically connected to the high voltage DC voltage source negative V _H− and forming a second node N _{2 H2 of;} a first switches S _1, having a first node electrically connected to the N terminal of a first switch S _{11 1} of a first, a second by the first control terminal of the first switch S ₁₁ is electrically conductive or disconnection a second terminal of the switch S _12; a second switch S ₂ Having a first electrically connected to the second terminal of the switch S ₁₂ and forms a third point of the second switch to the first end of the N ₃ S _21, a control by the first and the second terminal of the switch S ₂₁ is electrically conductive, or disconnecting a second end of the second switch S _22, the second terminal of the second switch S ₂₂ is electrically connected to the second node N _2; a storage capacitor C _a, having an electrical connection to the first node N ₁ of a first end of the auxiliary capacitor C _A1 , and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor C _A2 ; a second inductor L ₂ , having a second inductor L ₂₁ electrically connected to the third node N ₃ , and a the end of the second auxiliary capacitance C _A2 is electrically connected to and forming a second inductor fourth second end point N ₄ L _22; a first inductor L _1, having a first N ₄ connected electrically to the fourth node An inductor first end L ₁₁ and a first inductor second end L ₁₂ ; a low side capacitor C _L for paralleling the low voltage DC voltage source V _L and having an electrical connection to the first inductor second The terminal L ₁₂ and the low voltage DC voltage source positive terminal V _L+ form a low voltage side capacitor first end C _{L1 of the} fifth node N ₅ , and are electrically connected to the second node N ₂ And the low _- voltage side capacitor second end C _{L2 of} the low-voltage DC voltage source negative electrode V _L− ; the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S _{2 are} turned on or off control signals are complementary.

14 is a structural diagram of an n-th expansion circuit of a third embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention. The first switch S ₁ , the second switch S ₂ and the second inductor L ₂ can be expanded to an n-phase, which includes There is: an nth phase first active switch S _1n having an nth phase first active switch first end S _1n1 and an nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 , the nth phase first active The first end S _1n1 of the switch is electrically connected to the first end C _{H1 of} the high voltage side capacitor and the first end C _{A1 of} the auxiliary capacitor; the nth phase second active switch S _2n has an nth phase second active switch The first end S _2n1 , and the nth phase second active switch second end S _2n2 , the nth phase second active switch first end S _2n1 and the nth phase first active switch second end S _{1n2 are} electrically connected And forming an nth phase third node N _3n , the nth phase second active switch second end S _{2n2 is} electrically connected to the second node N ₂ ; an nth phase second inductor L _2n has an nth with a first end of a second inductor L _2n1, the n-phase and a second terminal of a second inductor L _2n2, the n-th end of the first phase of the second inductor L _2n1 electrically connected to the n-th phase third node N _3n Which control signals the respective phases of the first active switching n S _1n each of the n-phase operation of the second driving switch S _2n; n the second phase a second end of a second inductor L _2n2 electrically connected to the fourth node N ₄ To be complementary, each nth phase first active switch S _1n signal can be interleaved or synchronously controlled.

15 is a circuit structure diagram of a bidirectional DC converter according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The working principle of the bidirectional DC converter is the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the difference is that the bidirectional DC converter is suitable for electrical connection at a high voltage. Between the DC voltage source V _H and a low voltage DC voltage source V _L , the high voltage DC voltage source V _H has a high voltage DC voltage source positive V _H+ and a high voltage DC voltage source negative V _H- , the low voltage DC voltage source V _L has a low voltage DC voltage source positive V _L+ and a low voltage DC voltage source negative V _L- , the bidirectional DC converter includes: a high voltage side capacitor C _H having an electrical connection to the high voltage DC voltage source positive electrode V _H+ and forming a first node N ₁ of the high-voltage side capacitor first end C _H1 , and a second end of the high-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the high-voltage DC voltage source negative V _H− and forming a second node N ₂ C _H2; a first switches S _1, having a first switch electrically connected to the first node N ₁ of the first end of the S _11, a first switch controlled by the first terminal S ₁₁ is electrically conductive or disconnection a second terminal of the first switch S _12; a second switch S ₂ , having a second switch first end S ₂₁ electrically connected to the second end S _{12 of} the first switch and forming a third node N ₃ , and being controlled by the first end S _{21 of} the second switch the second switch is turned on or the disconnection of the second end of the S _22, the second terminal of the second switch S ₂₂ is electrically connected to the second node N _2; a storage capacitor C _a, having an electrical connection to the first node a first capacitor C _A1 of the auxiliary capacitor N ₁ and a second terminal C _{A2 of the} auxiliary capacitor; a second inductor L ₂ having a second inductor L ₂₁ electrically connected to the third node N ₃ , And a second inductive second end L ₂₂ electrically connected to the second terminal C _{A2 of} the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fourth node N ₄ ; a first inductor L ₁ having an electrical property with the second node N ₂ a first end of a first inductor L _11, and a second end connected to the first inductor L _12; a low-pressure side capacitor C _L, in parallel to the low DC voltage source V _L, and having a fourth electrically connected to the a node N ₄ and a low voltage side capacitor first end C _{L1 of} the low voltage DC voltage source positive V _L+ , and an electrical connection to the first inductor second end L ₁₂ and a low voltage DC voltage The source negative terminal V _L− and forms a low-voltage side capacitor second end C _{L2 of the} fifth node N ₅ ; the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S _{2 are} turned on or off control signals are complementary.

16 is a structural diagram of an n-th expansion circuit of a fourth embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention. The first switch S ₁ , the second switch S ₂ and the second inductor L ₂ may be expanded to an n-phase, which includes There is: an nth phase first active switch S _1n having an nth phase first active switch first end S _1n1 and an nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 , the nth phase first active switch The first end S _1n1 is electrically connected to the high voltage side capacitor first end C _H1 and the auxiliary capacitor first end C _A1 ; the nth phase second active switch S _2n has an nth phase second active switch first The first end S _2n1 and the nth phase second active switch second end S _2n2 , the nth phase second active switch first end S _2n1 and the nth phase first active switch second end S _{1n2 are} electrically connected to form a The nth phase third node N _3n , the nth phase second active switch second end S _{2n2 is} electrically connected to the node 2 N ₂ ; an nth phase second inductor L _2n has an nth phase second inductor a first end L _2n1 and an nth phase second inductor second end L _2n2 , the nth phase second inductor first end L _{2n1 is} electrically connected to the nth phase third node N _3n , the nth phase two Which second control signal when said respective n-phase with the first active switch S _1n each n-th phases of the second active switch S _2n complementary operation, and each second; L _2n2 sense a second end electrically connected to the fourth node N ₄ The n-phase first active switch S _1n signal can be interleaved or synchronously controlled.

17 is a circuit architecture diagram of a bidirectional DC converter according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The working principle of the bidirectional DC converter is the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the difference is that the bidirectional DC converter is suitable for electrical connection at a high voltage. Between the DC voltage source V _H and a low voltage DC voltage source V _L , the high voltage DC voltage source V _H has a high voltage DC voltage source positive V _H+ and a high voltage DC voltage source negative V _H- , the low voltage DC voltage source V _L has a low voltage DC voltage source positive V _L+ and a low voltage DC voltage source negative V _L- , the bidirectional DC converter includes: a high voltage side capacitor C _H having an electrical connection to the high voltage DC voltage source positive electrode V _H+ and forming a first node N ₁ of the high voltage side capacitor first end C _H1 , and a second end of the high voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the high voltage DC voltage source anode V _H− and forming a fourth node N ₄ C _H2 ; a first inductor L ₁ having a first inductor first end L ₁₁ electrically connected to the first node N ₁ and a first inductor second end L ₁₂ ; a first switch S ₁ , having a first inductor electrically connected to the second end of the L ₁₂ A first switch forming a second point of the first end of the N ₂ S _11, a switch controlled by a first end of the first electrically _{conductive. 11} S or open second end _{12 is} a first switch S; a second switch S _2, having a first electrically connected to the second terminal of the switch S ₁₂ and forming a second third switching point N ₃ S ₂₁ a first end, a second switch controlled by the first terminal is electrically S ₂₁ the second switch is turned on or open second end of S _22, a second terminal of the second switch S ₂₂ is electrically connected to the fourth node _{N. 4;} a storage capacitor C _a, with the fourth node N is electrically connected to a a first end of the auxiliary capacitance C _{A1 4,} the auxiliary capacitor and a second end C _A2; a second inductor L _2, having a second inductance electrically connected to the third node N ₃ a first end of the L _21, and a second terminal of the auxiliary capacitance C _A2 is electrically connected to the fifth and the second inductor form a second end point N ₅ L _22; a low-pressure side capacitor C _L, in parallel to the low DC voltage source V _L, and The first end C _L1 of the low-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the second node N ₂ and the positive voltage V _L+ of the low-voltage DC voltage source, and an electrical connection to the fifth section Point N ₅ and the low voltage side capacitor second end C _{L2 of} the low voltage DC voltage source negative terminal V _L- , and the effect of the first inductance L ₁ near zero current chopping is also the same as the previous embodiment; the first switch S ₁ and The on or off control signals of the second switch S ₂ are complementary.

18 is a schematic diagram of an n-th expansion circuit of a fifth embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The first switch S ₁ , the second switch S ₂ and the second inductor L ₂ can be expanded to an n-phase, which includes There is: an nth phase first active switch S _1n having an nth phase first active switch first end S _1n1 and an nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 , the nth phase first active switch The first end S _{1n1 is} electrically connected to the second node N ₂ ; the nth phase second active switch S _2n has an nth phase second active switch first end S _2n1 and an nth phase second active switch a second end S _2n2 , the nth phase second active switch first end S _{2n1 is electrically} connected to the nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 and forms an nth phase third node N _3n , the first The n-phase second active switch second end S _{2n2 is} electrically connected to the fourth node N ₄ ; an n-th phase second inductor L _2n has an n-th phase second inductance first end L _2n1 and an n-th phase a second inductor second end L _2n2 , the nth phase second inductor first end L _{2n1 is} electrically connected to the nth phase third node N _3n , and the nth phase second inductor second end L _{2n2 is} electrically connected In this a fifth node N ₅ ; each of the n-th phase first active switch S _1n and each of the n-th phase second active switches S _2n are complementary in operation, and each n-th phase first active switch S _1n signal may be Interleaved or synchronous control.

FIG. 19 is a circuit diagram of a sixth embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The working principle and the same function are the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore the difference is that the bidirectional DC converter is suitable for electrical connection. Between a high voltage DC voltage source V _H and a low voltage DC voltage source V _L , the high voltage DC voltage source V _H has a high voltage DC voltage source positive V _H+ , and a high voltage DC voltage source negative V _H- , the low voltage DC The voltage source V _L has a low voltage DC voltage source positive terminal V _L+ and a low voltage DC voltage source negative voltage V _L- , the bidirectional DC converter includes: a high side capacitor C _H having an electrical connection to the high voltage DC voltage The source positive terminal V _H+ forms a first node N ₁ of the high voltage side capacitor first end C _H1 , and a high voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the high voltage DC voltage source anode V _H− and forms a second node N ₂ ends C _H2; a first inductor L _1, N has a first inductor and the second node ₂ is electrically connected to a first end of the L _11, and a second end of the first inductor L _12; a first switch S ₁ , having an electrical connection to the first node N ₁ A first terminal of a first switch S _11, a first switch controlled by the first terminal S ₁₁ is electrically conductive or disconnect the second end of the first switch S _12; a second switch S _2, having an electrical connection to the a first terminal of the second switch S _21, a second switch controlled by the first and the second terminal of the switch S ₂₁ a first electrical conduction or interruption of the second end of the first switch S ₁₂ and formed of a third node N ₃ ends S _22, a second terminal of the second switch S ₂₂ is electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor L ₁₂ and forming a fourth node N _4; a storage capacitor C _a, having an electrical connection to the first a first capacitor C _A1 of the auxiliary capacitor of the four-node N ₄ and a second terminal C _{A2 of the} auxiliary capacitor; a second inductor L ₂ having a second inductor L electrically connected to the third node N _{3 21,} and a second end of the auxiliary capacitance C _A2 is electrically connected to the fifth and the second inductor form a second end point N ₅ L _22; a low-pressure side capacitor C _L, in parallel to the low DC voltage source V _L, and having an electrical connection to the first node N ₁ and the low DC voltage source V _{L +} positive low-voltage-side capacitor first terminal V _L1, and an electrical connection to the The fifth node N ₅ and the low voltage side capacitor second end C _{L2 of} the low voltage DC voltage source negative terminal V _L− ; the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S _{2 are} turned on or off control signals are complementary.

20 is a block diagram of an n-th expansion circuit of a sixth embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention. The first switch S ₁ , the second switch S ₂ and the second inductor L ₂ can be expanded to an n-phase, which includes There is: an nth phase first active switch S _1n having an nth phase first active switch first end S _1n1 and an nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 , the nth phase first active switch The first end S _{1n1 is} electrically connected to the first node N ₁ ; the nth phase second active switch S _2n has an nth phase second active switch first end S _2n1 and an nth phase second active switch a second end S _2n2 , the nth phase second active switch first end S _{2n1 is} electrically connected to the nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 and forms an nth phase third node N _3n , the first The n-phase second active switch second end S _{2n2 is} electrically connected to the fourth node N ₄ ; an n-th phase second inductor L _2n has an n-th phase second inductance first end L _2n1 and an n-th phase a second inductor second end L _2n2 , the nth phase second inductor first end L _{2n1 is} electrically connected to the nth phase third node N _3n , and the nth phase second inductor second end L _{2n2 is} electrically connected In this a fifth node N ₅ ; each of the n-th phase first active switch S _1n and each of the n-th phase second active switches S _2n are complementary in operation, and each n-th phase first active switch S _1n signal may be Interleaved or synchronous control.

FIG. 21 is a circuit diagram of a circuit diagram of a bidirectional DC converter according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. The working principle and the same function are the same as those in the first embodiment. Therefore, the difference is that the bidirectional DC converter is suitable for electrical connection. Between a high voltage DC voltage source V _H and a low voltage DC voltage source V _L , the high voltage DC voltage source V _H has a high voltage DC voltage source positive V _H+ , and a high voltage DC voltage source negative V _H- , the low voltage DC The voltage source V _L has a low voltage DC voltage source positive terminal V _L+ and a low voltage DC voltage source negative voltage V _L- , the bidirectional DC converter includes: a high side capacitor C _H having an electrical connection to the high voltage DC voltage The source positive terminal V _H+ forms a first node N ₁ of the high voltage side capacitor first end C _H1 , and a high voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the high voltage DC voltage source anode V _H− and forms a second node N ₂ ends C _H2; a first switches S _1, having an electrical connection to the first node N _1, a first end of a first switch S _11, a first switch controlled by the first terminal S ₁₁ is electrically conductive, or The first switch of the open circuit, the second end S ₁₂ ; The second switch S ₂ has a second switch first end S ₂₁ electrically connected to the second end S _{12 of} the first switch and forming a third node N ₃ , a controlled second end S of the second switch ₂₁ electrical conduction or interruption of a second end of a second switch S _22, a second terminal of the second switch S ₂₂ is electrically connected to the second node N _2; a storage capacitor C _a, having an electrical connection to the first The first terminal C _A1 of the auxiliary capacitor of the two nodes N ₂ and the second terminal C _{A2 of the} auxiliary capacitor; a second inductor L ₂ having a second inductor L electrically connected to the third node N _{3 21} and a second inductive second end L ₂₂ electrically connected to the auxiliary capacitor second end C _A2 and forming a fifth node N ₅ ; a first inductor L ₁ having a first node N ₁ a first end of a first inductor L _11, and a second end electrically connected to a first inductor L _12; a low-pressure side capacitor C _L, in parallel to the low DC voltage source V _L, and having an electrical connection to the a first inductor second end L ₁₂ and the low voltage DC voltage source positive terminal V _L+ and forming a low voltage side capacitor first end C _{L1 of the} fourth node N ₄ , and electrically connected thereto The fifth node N ₅ and the low voltage side capacitor second end C _{L2 of} the low voltage DC voltage source negative terminal V _L− , the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S _{2 are} turned on or off the control signals are complementary, and the embodiment The effect is the same as in the fourth embodiment.

22 is a structural diagram of an n-th expansion circuit of a seventh embodiment of a bidirectional DC converter according to the present invention. The first switch S ₁ , the second switch S ₂ and the second inductor L ₂ may be expanded to an n-phase, which includes There is: an nth phase first active switch S _1n having an nth phase first active switch first end S _1n1 and an nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 , the nth phase first active switch The first end S _{1n1 is} electrically connected to the first node N ₁ ; the nth phase second active switch S _2n has an nth phase second active switch first end S _2n1 and an nth phase second active switch a second end S _2n2 , the nth phase second active switch first end S _{2n1 is electrically} connected to the nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 and forms an nth phase third node N _3n , the first The n-phase second active switch second end electrical S _{2n2 is} electrically connected to the second node N ₂ ; an n-th phase second inductor L _2n has an n-th phase second inductance first end L _2n1 and a first The nth phase second inductor second end L _2n2 , the nth phase second inductor first end L _{2n1 is} electrically connected to the nth phase third node N _3n , and the nth phase second inductor second end L _{2n2 is} electrically Sexual connection The fifth node N ₅ ; the nth phase first active switch S _1n and the nth phase second active switch S _2n are complementary to each other, and the nth phase first active switch S _1n signals Can be interleaved or synchronized.

FIG. 23 is a circuit diagram of a circuit diagram of a bidirectional DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention. The working principle of the bidirectional DC converter is the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the difference is that the bidirectional DC converter is suitable for electrical connection at a high voltage. Between the DC voltage source V _H and a low voltage DC voltage source V _L , the high voltage DC voltage source V _H has a high voltage DC voltage source positive V _H+ and a high voltage DC voltage source negative V _H- , the low voltage DC voltage source V _L has a low voltage DC voltage source positive V _L+ and a low voltage DC voltage source negative V _L- , the bidirectional DC converter includes: a high voltage side capacitor C _H having an electrical connection to the high voltage DC voltage source positive electrode V _H+ and forming a first node N ₁ of the high voltage side capacitor first end C _H1 , and a second end of the high voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the high voltage DC voltage source anode V _H− and forming a second node N ₂ C _H2; a first switches S _1, having a first switch electrically connected to the first node N ₁ of the first end of the S _11, a first switch controlled by the first terminal S ₁₁ is electrically conductive or disconnection a second terminal of the first switch S _12; a second switch S ₂ , having a second switch first end S ₂₁ electrically connected to the second end S _{12 of} the first switch and forming a third node N ₃ , and being controlled by the first end S _{21 of} the second switch the second switch is turned on or the disconnection of the second end of the S _22, the second terminal of the second switch S ₂₂ is electrically connected to the second node N _2; a storage capacitor C _a, having an electrical connection to the second node N auxiliary capacitance C _{A1 2} of a first end and a second end of the auxiliary capacitance C _A2; a second inductor L _2, having a second inductance electrically connected to the third node N ₃ a first end of the L _21, And a second inductive second end L ₂₂ electrically connected to the auxiliary capacitor second end C _A2 and forming a fourth node N ₄ ; a first inductor L ₁ having an electrical property with the fourth node N ₄ a first end of a first inductor L _11, and a second terminal connected to the first inductor L _12; a low-pressure side capacitor C _L, in parallel to the low DC voltage source V _L, and having an electrical connection to the first a node N ₁ and a low voltage side capacitor first end C _{L1 of} the low voltage DC voltage source positive V _L+ , and an electrical connection to the first inductor second end L ₁₂ and the low voltage direct current The voltage source anode V _L− and forming a low voltage side capacitor second end C _{L2 of the} fifth node N ₅ , the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S _{2 are} turned on or off the control signals are complementary, and the embodiment is The efficacy is the same as in the fourth embodiment.

24 is a block diagram of an n-th expansion circuit of a bidirectional DC converter according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention. The first switch S ₁ , the second switch S ₂ and the second inductor L ₂ may be expanded to an n-phase, which includes There is: an nth phase first active switch S _1n having an nth phase first active switch first end S _1n1 and an nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 , the nth phase first active switch The first end S _{1n1 is} electrically connected to the first node N ₁ ; the nth phase second active switch S _2n has an nth phase second active switch first end S _2n1 and an nth phase second active switch a second end S _2n2 , the nth phase second active switch first end S _{2n1 is electrically} connected to the nth phase first active switch second end S _1n2 and forms an nth phase third node N _3n , the first The n-phase second active switch second end S _{2n2 is} electrically connected to the second node N ₂ ; an n-th phase second inductor L _2n has an n-th phase second inductance first end L _2n1 and an n-th phase a second inductor second end L _2n2 , the nth phase second inductor first end L _{2n1 is} electrically connected to the nth phase third node N _3n , and the nth phase second inductor second end L _{2n2 is} electrically connected In this The fourth node N ₄ ; the nth phase first active switch S _1n and the nth phase second active switch S _2n are complementary when the control signal is complementary, and the nth phase first active switch S _1n signal can be Interleaved or synchronous control.

S ₁ ‧‧‧first switch

S ₁₁ ‧‧‧first switch first end

S ₁₂ ‧‧‧first switch second end

S ₂ ‧‧‧second switch

S ₂₁ ‧‧‧Second switch first end

S ₂₂ ‧‧‧second switch second end

C _A ‧‧‧Auxiliary Capacitor

C _A1 ‧‧‧First end of auxiliary capacitor

C _A2 ‧‧‧second end of auxiliary capacitor

High-voltage-side capacitor C _H ‧‧‧

C _H1 ‧‧‧High-voltage side capacitor first end

C _H2 ‧‧‧High-voltage side capacitor second end

C _L ‧‧‧Low-side capacitor

The low-pressure side capacitor C _L1 ‧‧‧ a first end

C _L2 ‧‧‧Low-side capacitor second end

L ₁ ‧‧‧first inductance

L ₁₁ ‧‧‧first inductance first end

L ₁₂ ‧‧‧first inductor second end

L ₂ ‧‧‧second inductance

L ₂₁ ‧‧‧First inductance first end

L ₂₂ ‧‧‧second inductance second end

V _H ‧‧‧High voltage DC voltage source

V _H+ ‧‧‧High voltage DC voltage source positive electrode

V _H- ‧‧‧ High voltage DC voltage source negative

V _L ‧‧‧Low-voltage DC voltage source

V _L+ ‧‧‧Low voltage DC voltage source positive

V _L- ‧‧‧Low voltage DC voltage source negative

N ₁ ‧‧‧ first node

N ₂ ‧‧‧second node

N ₃ ‧‧‧ third node

N ₄ ‧‧‧ fourth node

N ₅ ‧‧‧ fifth node

I _L1 ‧‧‧first inductor current

I _L2 ‧‧‧second inductor current

V _CA ‧‧‧Auxiliary capacitor voltage

V _CH ‧‧‧High-voltage side capacitor voltage

V _CL ‧‧‧Low-side capacitor voltage

Claims (24)

A bidirectional DC converter is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source anode, the low voltage a DC voltage source having a positive pole of a low voltage DC voltage source and a cathode of a low voltage DC voltage source, the bidirectional DC converter comprising: a high side capacitor for paralleling the high voltage DC voltage source and having an electrical connection to the high voltage a first end of the high voltage side capacitor of the first node, and a second end of the high side capacitor electrically connected to the negative pole of the high voltage DC voltage source; a first inductor having an electrical connection a first end of the first inductor and a first end of the first inductor; a first switch having a first end of the first switch electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor and forming a second node a second switch of the first switch that is electrically connected or disconnected from the first end of the first switch; a second switch having an electrical connection to the second end of the first switch and forming a third a second switch first end of the second switch, a second switch connected to the second end of the second switch electrically connected or disconnected, the second end of the second switch and the second end of the high voltage side capacitor Connecting and forming a fourth node; an auxiliary capacitor having a first end of the auxiliary capacitor electrically connected to the second node and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; and a second inductor having an electrical connection a first end of the second inductor of the three nodes, and a second end of the second inductor electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fifth node; a low-voltage side capacitor for paralleling the low-voltage DC voltage source, and having a first end of the low-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the fifth node and the anode of the low-voltage DC voltage source, and electrically connected to the fourth node And a second end of the low side capacitor of the negative pole of the low voltage DC voltage source; the on or off control signals of the first switch and the second switch are complementary. The bidirectional DC converter of claim 1, wherein the first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to an n phase, and the method includes: an nth phase first active switch, having a The nth phase first active switch first end, and the nth phase first active switch second end, the nth phase first active switch is electrically connected to the first inductor second end and the auxiliary capacitor first end An nth phase second active switch having an nth phase second active switch first end and an nth phase second active switch second end, the nth phase second active switch first end and the first The n-phase first active switch second end is electrically connected to form an n-th phase third node, and the n-th phase second active switch second end is electrically connected to the fourth node; an n-th phase second inductor, The first end of the nth phase second inductor and the second end of the nth phase second inductor are electrically connected to the nth phase third node, the nth phase The second end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor. The bidirectional DC converter of claim 2, wherein the control signals of the first switch and the second switch of each phase are complementary when the two-phase energy transfer is performed, and the first switch control signals of the phases are interleaved. Or synchronous control; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode, the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, and in the boost mode, the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode. A bidirectional DC converter suitable for electrical connection to a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage straight Between the current and voltage sources, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole and a high voltage DC voltage source anode, the low voltage DC voltage source has a low voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a low voltage DC voltage source anode, The bidirectional DC converter comprises: a high voltage side capacitor having a first end of a high voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the anode of the high voltage DC voltage source and forming a first node, and an electrical connection to the anode of the high voltage DC voltage source a second end of the high-voltage side capacitor; a first inductor having a first inductor first end electrically connected to the second end of the high-voltage side capacitor and forming a second node; and a first inductor second end; The first switch has a first switch first end electrically connected to the first node, and a second switch controlled to be electrically connected or disconnected from the first end of the first switch; a second switch a second switch first end electrically connected to the second end of the first switch and forming a third node, and a second switch second controlled to be electrically connected or disconnected from the first end of the second switch End, the first The second end of the switch is electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor and forms a fourth node; an auxiliary capacitor has a first end of the auxiliary capacitor electrically connected to the first node, and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor a second inductor having a first end of the second inductor electrically connected to the third node, and a second end of the second inductor electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fifth node; a low-voltage side capacitor for paralleling the low-voltage DC voltage source, and having a first end of the low-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the fifth node and the anode of the low-voltage DC voltage source, and The second end of the low-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the fourth node and the negative pole of the low-voltage DC voltage source; the conduction or cut-off control signals of the first switch and the second switch are complementary. The bidirectional DC converter of claim 4, wherein the first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to an n phase, and the method includes: an nth phase first active switch, having one a first end of the nth phase first active switch and a second end of the nth phase first active switch, the first end of the nth phase first active switch and the second end of the high side capacitor and the first end of the auxiliary capacitor Electrically connected; an nth phase second active switch having an nth phase second active switch first end and an nth phase second active switch second end, the nth phase second active switch first end The second end of the nth phase first active switch is electrically connected to form an nth phase third node, and the second end of the nth phase active switch is electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor; The second inductor has a first end of the nth phase and a second end of the second inductor, and the first end of the nth phase of the second inductor is electrically connected to the third node of the nth phase, the first The second end of the n-phase second inductor is electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor. The bidirectional DC converter of claim 5, wherein the control signals are complementary when the first switch and the second switch of each phase are operated in the bidirectional energy transfer, and the first switch control signals of the phases are interleaved. Or synchronous control; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode, the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, and in the boost mode, the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode. A bidirectional DC converter is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source anode, the low voltage a DC voltage source having a positive pole of a low voltage DC voltage source, And a low voltage DC voltage source anode, the bidirectional DC converter comprises: a high voltage side capacitor having a first end of the high voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the anode of the high voltage DC voltage source and forming a first node, and an electrical a second end of the high voltage side capacitor connected to the negative pole of the high voltage DC voltage source and forming a second node; a first switch having a first end of the first switch electrically connected to the first node, a controlled and the first a second switch having a first switch electrically connected or disconnected; a second switch having a second switch electrically connected to the second end of the first switch and forming a third node a second switch second end electrically connected or disconnected from the first end of the second switch, the second end of the second switch being electrically connected to the second node; an auxiliary capacitor having an electrical connection a first end of the auxiliary capacitor of the first node, and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; a second inductor having a first end of the second inductor electrically connected to the third node, and a second of the auxiliary capacitor Electrically connected and forming a fourth node a second inductor; a first inductor having a first inductor first end electrically connected to the fourth node and a first inductor second end; and a low side capacitor for paralleling the low voltage DC a voltage source having a first end of the low-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor and the anode of the low-voltage DC voltage source and forming a fifth node, and electrically connected to the second node and the The second end of the low side capacitor of the negative pole of the low voltage DC voltage source; the conduction or cutoff control signals of the first switch and the second switch are complementary. The two-way DC converter of claim 7, wherein the first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to an n-phase, including: an n-th phase first active switch, having a a first end of the nth phase first active switch, and a second end of the nth phase first active switch, the first end of the nth phase first active switch and the first end of the high voltage side capacitor and the first end of the auxiliary capacitor Electrically connected; an nth phase second active switch having an nth phase second active switch first end, and an nth phase second active switch second end, the nth phase second active switch first end The second end of the nth phase first active switch is electrically connected to form an nth phase third node, and the second end of the nth phase second active switch is electrically connected to the second node; an nth phase a second inductor having a first end of the nth phase second inductor and a second end of the nth phase second inductor, wherein the first end of the nth phase second inductor is electrically connected to the third node of the nth phase, The second end of the nth phase second inductor is electrically connected to the fourth node. The bidirectional DC conversion as described in claim 8 wherein, in the bidirectional energy transfer, the control signals of the first switch and the second switch of each phase are complementary, and the first switch control signals of each phase are interlaced. Or synchronous control; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode, the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, and in the boost mode, the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode. A bidirectional DC converter is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source anode, the low voltage a DC voltage source having a positive pole of a low voltage DC voltage source and a cathode of a low voltage DC voltage source, the bidirectional DC converter comprising: a high side capacitor having an electrical connection to the anode of the high voltage DC voltage source a first end of the high-voltage side capacitor of the first node, and a second end of the high-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage DC voltage source and forming a second node; a first switch having an electrical connection a first switch first end of a node, a first switch second end controlled to be electrically connected or disconnected to the first end of the first switch; a second switch having an electrical connection to the first switch a second end of the second switch that forms a third node, and a second end of the second switch that is electrically connected or disconnected from the first end of the second switch, and the second end of the second switch is electrically connected The second node; an auxiliary capacitor having a first end of the auxiliary capacitor electrically connected to the first node and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; and a second inductor having an electrical connection to the third node a first end of the second inductor, and a second end of the second inductor electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fourth node; a first inductor having a second electrical connection a first end of the first inductor, and a second end of the first inductor; a low voltage a capacitor for parallel connection with the low voltage DC voltage source, and having a first end of the low voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the fourth node and the anode of the low voltage DC voltage source, and an electrical connection to the second end of the first inductor And a low voltage DC voltage source and a second node of the low voltage side capacitor forming a fifth node; the first switch and the second switch are turned on or off to be complementary signals. The bidirectional DC converter of claim 10, wherein the first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to an n phase, which includes: An nth phase first active switch having an nth phase first active switch first end and an nth phase first active switch second end, the nth phase first active switch first end and the high side capacitor The first end and the first end of the auxiliary capacitor are electrically connected; the nth phase second active switch has an nth phase second active switch first end and an nth phase second active switch second end, the first end The n-phase second active switch first end is electrically connected to the n-th phase first active switch second end to form an n-th phase third node, and the n-th phase second active switch second end is electrically connected to the node An nth phase second inductor having an nth phase second inductor first end and an nth phase second inductor second end, wherein the nth phase second inductor first end is electrically connected to the nth In the third node, the second end of the nth phase second inductor is electrically connected to the fourth node. The bidirectional DC converter of claim 11, wherein the control signals are complementary when the first switch and the second switch of each phase are operated in the bidirectional energy transfer, and the first switch control signals of the phases are interleaved. Or synchronous control; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode, the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, and in the boost mode, the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode. A bidirectional DC converter is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source anode, the low voltage The DC voltage source has a low voltage DC voltage source positive pole and a low voltage DC voltage source anode. The bidirectional DC converter comprises: a high voltage side capacitor having an electrical connection to the high voltage DC voltage source anode and forming a first node a first end of the high side capacitor, and a second end of the high side capacitor electrically connected to the cathode of the high voltage DC voltage source and shaped into a fourth node; a first inductor having a first inductor first end electrically connected to the first node and a first inductor second end; a first switch having an electrical connection to the second end of the first inductor a first switch first end forming a second node, a first switch second end controlled to be electrically connected or disconnected to the first end of the first switch; a second switch having an electrical connection a second switch first end of the switch and forming a third node, a second switch second end controlled by the first end of the second switch electrically connected or disconnected, the second end of the second switch Electrically connected to the fourth node; an auxiliary capacitor having a first end of the auxiliary capacitor electrically connected to the fourth node, and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; a second inductor having an electrical connection a second inductor first end of the third node, and a second inductor second end electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fifth node; a low side capacitor for paralleling the low voltage DC voltage source And having an electrical connection to the second node and the low voltage DC voltage source a first end of the low-voltage side capacitor, and a second end of the low-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the fifth node and the negative pole of the low-voltage DC voltage source; the on/off control signals of the first switch and the second switch are complementary . The two-way DC converter of claim 13, wherein the first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to an n-phase, and include: an n-th phase first active switch, having a The first end of the nth phase first active switch and the second end of the nth phase first active switch, the first end of the nth phase first active switch is electrically connected The second node; an nth phase second active switch having an nth phase second active switch first end and an nth phase second active switch second end, the nth phase second active switch first The end is electrically connected to the second end of the nth phase first active switch and forms an nth phase third node, and the second end of the nth phase second active switch is electrically connected to the fourth node; an nth phase a second inductor having an nth phase second inductor first end and an nth phase second inductor second end, wherein the nth phase second inductor first end is electrically connected to the nth phase third node, The second end of the nth phase second inductor is electrically connected to the fifth node. The bidirectional DC converter of claim 14, wherein the control signals are complementary when the first switch and the second switch of each phase are operated in the bidirectional energy transfer, and the first switch control signals of the phases are interleaved. Or synchronous control; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode, the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, and in the boost mode, the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode. A bidirectional DC converter is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source anode, the low voltage The DC voltage source has a low voltage DC voltage source positive pole and a low voltage DC voltage source anode. The bidirectional DC converter comprises: a high voltage side capacitor having an electrical connection to the high voltage DC voltage source anode and forming a first node a first end of the high voltage side capacitor, and a second end of the high voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the cathode of the high voltage DC voltage source and forming a second node; a first inductor having a second electrical connection with the second node a first end of the first inductor and a second end of the first inductor; a first switch having a first switch first end electrically connected to the first node, a first switch second end controlled to be electrically connected or disconnected to the first end of the first switch; a second switch a second switch first end electrically connected to the second end of the first switch and forming a third node, and a second switch second controlled to be electrically connected or disconnected from the first end of the second switch The second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor and forms a fourth node; an auxiliary capacitor has a first end of the auxiliary capacitor electrically connected to the fourth node, and a a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; a second inductor having a first end of the second inductor electrically connected to the third node, and a second end electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fifth node a second end of the inductor; a low-voltage side capacitor for paralleling the low-voltage DC voltage source, and having a first end of the low-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the first node and the anode of the low-voltage DC voltage source, and an electrical connection a low voltage of the fifth node and the negative pole of the low voltage DC voltage source A second terminal of the capacitor; the first and second switches are turned on or off control signal are complementary. The bidirectional DC converter of claim 16, wherein the first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to an n phase, and the method includes: an nth phase first active switch, having a The nth phase first active switch first end and the nth phase first active switch second end, the nth phase first active switch first end is electrically connected to the first node; an nth phase second active The switch has an nth phase second active switch first end and an nth phase second active switch second end, and the nth phase second active switch first end is electrically connected Forming an nth phase third node at the second end of the nth phase first active switch, the second end of the nth phase second active switch is electrically connected to the fourth node; an nth phase second inductor, An nth phase second inductor first end and an nth phase second inductor second end, the nth phase second inductor first end is electrically connected to the nth phase third node, the nth phase The second end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the fifth node. The bidirectional DC converter of claim 17, wherein the control signals of the first switch and the second switch of each phase are complementary when the two-phase energy transfer is performed, and the first switch control signals of the phases are interleaved. Or synchronous control; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode, the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, and in the boost mode, the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode. A bidirectional DC converter is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source anode, the low voltage The DC voltage source has a low voltage DC voltage source positive pole and a low voltage DC voltage source anode. The bidirectional DC converter comprises: a high voltage side capacitor having an electrical connection to the high voltage DC voltage source anode and forming a first node a first end of the high voltage side capacitor, and a second end of the high voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the negative pole of the high voltage DC voltage source and forming a second node; a first switch having a first electrical connection to the first node a first end of the switch, a second end of the first switch that is electrically connected or disconnected from the first end of the first switch; a second switch having an electrical connection to the second end of the first switch and forming a second end of the second switch of the third node, a second end of the second switch that is electrically connected or disconnected from the first end of the second switch, the second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the second switch Two An auxiliary capacitor having a first end of the auxiliary capacitor electrically connected to the second node and a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; a second inductor having a second inductor electrically connected to the third node a first end, and a second end of the second inductor electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fifth node; a first inductor having a first inductance electrically connected to the first node One end, and a first inductor second end; a low-voltage side capacitor for paralleling the low-voltage DC voltage source, and having a second end electrically coupled to the first inductor and the low-voltage DC voltage source and forming a a first end of the low-voltage side capacitor of the fourth node, and a second end of the low-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the fifth node and the negative pole of the low-voltage DC voltage source; the first switch and the second switch are turned on or off the control signal Complementary. The two-way DC converter of claim 19, wherein the first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to an n-phase, including: an n-th phase first active switch, having a The nth phase first active switch first end and the nth phase first active switch second end, the nth phase first active switch first end is electrically connected to the first node; an nth phase second active The switch has an nth phase second active switch first end and an nth phase second active switch second end, the nth phase second active switch first end and the nth phase first active switch second end Electrically connecting and forming an nth phase third node, the nth phase second active switch second end is electrically connected to the second node; An nth phase second inductor having an nth phase second inductor first end and an nth phase second inductor second end, wherein the nth phase second inductor first end is electrically connected to the nth phase a third node, the second end of the nth phase second inductor is electrically connected to the fifth node. The bidirectional DC converter of claim 20, wherein the control signals are complementary when the first switch and the second switch of each phase are operated in the bidirectional energy transfer, and the first switch control signals of the phases are interleaved. Or synchronous control; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode, the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, and in the boost mode, the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode. A bidirectional DC converter is electrically connected between a high voltage DC voltage source and a low voltage DC voltage source, the high voltage DC voltage source has a high voltage DC voltage source positive pole, and a high voltage DC voltage source anode, the low voltage The DC voltage source has a low voltage DC voltage source positive pole and a low voltage DC voltage source anode. The bidirectional DC converter comprises: a high voltage side capacitor having an electrical connection to the high voltage DC voltage source anode and forming a first node a first end of the high-voltage side capacitor, and a second end of the high-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage DC voltage source and shaped into a second node; a first switch having a first electrical connection to the first node a first end of the switch, a second end of the first switch that is electrically connected or disconnected from the first end of the first switch; a second switch having an electrical connection to the second end of the first switch and forming a second end of the second switch of the third node, a second end of the second switch that is electrically connected or disconnected from the first end of the second switch, the second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the second switch Two nodes; a storage capacitor having an electrical connection to the first node of the storage capacitor And a second end of the auxiliary capacitor; a second inductor having a first end of the second inductor electrically connected to the third node, and a second end electrically connected to the second end of the auxiliary capacitor and forming a fourth a second inductor second end of the node; a first inductor having a first inductor first end electrically connected to the fourth node, and a first inductor second end; and a low voltage side capacitor for paralleling the a low-voltage DC voltage source having a first end of the low-voltage side capacitor electrically connected to the first node and the anode of the low-voltage DC voltage source, and an electrical connection to the second end of the first inductor and the low-voltage DC voltage source The negative pole forms a second end of the low-voltage side capacitor of the fifth node; the first switch and the second switch are complementary to the on or off control signals. The bidirectional DC converter of claim 22, wherein the first switch, the second switch, and the second inductor are expandable to an n phase, and the method includes: an nth phase first active switch, having a The nth phase first active switch first end and the nth phase first active switch second end, the nth phase first active switch first end is electrically connected to the first node; an nth phase second active The switch has an nth phase second active switch first end and an nth phase second active switch second end, the nth phase second active switch first end and the nth phase first active switch second end Electrically connecting and forming an nth phase third node, the nth phase second active switch second end is electrically connected to the second node; an nth phase second inductor having an nth phase second inductance One end and an nth phase second inductor second end, the nth phase second inductor first end is electrically connected to the nth phase third section The second end of the nth phase second inductor is electrically connected to the fourth node. The bidirectional DC converter of claim 23, wherein the control signals are complementary when the first switch and the second switch of each phase are operated in the bidirectional energy transfer, and the first switch control signals of the phases are interleaved. Or synchronous control; as one-way energy transfer, in the buck mode, the first switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode, and in the boost mode, the second switch of each phase can be replaced by a diode.