TW201601420A - Rotating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A rotating machine includes a plurality of annularly and equidistantly arranged permanent magnets that are vertical to a rotation axis and are rectangular in cross section, between each two permanent magnets are provided a wedge-shaped gap for receiving filling material, and the filling material is nonmagnetic and nonconductive material, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the turn-around machine and rotating machine.

Description

Rotary motor

The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine such as a coreless motor or a coreless generator, and more specifically to a rotating electrical machine using a permanent magnet in which Holbeck is arranged in a ring shape.

In general motors and generators, the N-pole and the S-pole are alternately arranged using a permanent magnet, and such an arrangement causes a magnetic field to be generated on both the front side and the back side of the magnet array, and the magnetic field cannot be effectively utilized. Therefore, in order to increase the magnetic field of the motor and the generator, it has been proposed to use a magnet array structure called "Holbeck arrangement".

Since the Holbach is arranged by rotating the permanent magnets 90 degrees in a row, the magnetic field is weakened on the side of the magnet array and the magnetic field on the other side is enhanced, so that the single-sided magnetic field of the permanent magnet array can be made stronger. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-201343 proposes a permanent magnet rotation in which armature windings are arranged in two rows of permanent magnets arranged in Holbeck (two-layer Holbeck arrangement). Motor.

Generally, a two-layer Holbeck-arranged permanent magnet rotating electric machine, that is, a coreless motor and a coreless generator, is used. In order to make the exciting system ring-shaped, a permanent magnet having a trapezoidal cross section is generally used as shown in FIG. However, the permanent magnet of the trapezoidal section has a higher price than the rectangular section, which causes a problem in that a large cost is required for manufacturing a rotating electrical machine.

Therefore, in view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to simplify the manufacturing cost and to easily manufacture a rotating electrical machine including a Hallbeck array excitation system.

To achieve the foregoing objective, the present invention provides a rotating electrical machine comprising a rotor and a stator mounted on a rotating shaft, the rotor comprising two permanent magnet arrangements constituting a two-layer Holbeck arrangement, the stator comprising a coil arrangement The permanent magnet array and the coil array 8 are respectively arranged in a ring shape, and each of the permanent magnet arrays includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged at intervals, and each of the permanent magnets has a rectangular cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis.

According to the present invention, a permanent magnet having a rectangular cross section perpendicular to a rotating shaft is formed, and a rotating electric machine is constructed by a Hallsberg arrayed in an annular excitation system. Since the permanent magnets having a rectangular cross section are arranged in a ring shape, a wedge-shaped gap is inevitably generated between the two adjacent magnets, so that it is necessary to insert the members into the gap. Although the material of the material is not particularly limited, it is recommended to use a non-magnetic material, and a non-magnetic, non-conductive material is better.

In the rotating electrical machine of the present invention, the constituent members of the Hallbeck array excitation system and the permanent magnets having a rectangular cross section are used. The permanent magnets with a rectangular cross section can be mass-produced and supplied inexpensively, which can significantly reduce the cost compared with the case of using a trapezoidal section. Therefore, the present invention can manufacture a rotary electric machine at a low cost as compared with a general product using a trapezoidal-section permanent magnet. Moreover, since permanent magnets can be purchased at low cost, a small number of various types of rotating electrical machines can be provided at a low price. Moreover, since a permanent magnet having a rectangular cross section is used, the sectional area of the magnet is reduced, and the amount of the magnet is reduced, thereby achieving the effect of saving resources.

Since the present invention is a permanent magnet having a rectangular cross section of a vertical rotation axis, Holbeck is arranged in a ring shape, a wedge-shaped gap is formed between adjacent magnets, and a gap member is placed in the gap. Since the gap member is placed in the gap as described above, the position of the permanent magnet is made easier. Determine, and then enhance the manufacturability of the excitation system. Moreover, since the gap member is placed in the gap between the adjacent magnets, the permanent magnet can be prevented from shaking and the strength of the excitation system can be increased. Therefore, the permanent magnet of the trapezoidal section is replaced with a rectangular section, and the strength and manufacture of the rotating motor are made. Sex will not be harmed.

In addition, when a permanent magnet is used as an excitation system, a permanent magnet is usually used in contact with a high-magnetic material. Therefore, when a ring-shaped excitation system is formed by a permanent magnet having a rectangular cross section, the gap between the magnets is placed. Into the high magnetic material, it is easy to reduce the magnetic impedance of the main magnetic line, and in the double-layer Holbeck array excitation system, the material with a magnetic permeability close to 1 is placed, and the magnetic lines of force in the gap will not decrease.

"this invention"

1‧‧‧Rotating motor (permanent magnet rotating motor)

3‧‧‧Rotor

4‧‧‧ permanent magnet arrangement (inside magnet arrangement)

5‧‧‧ permanent magnet arrangement (outer magnet arrangement)

7‧‧‧ Stator

8‧‧‧Coil arrangement

41‧‧‧ permanent magnet

43‧‧‧ clearance parts

51‧‧‧ permanent magnet

53‧‧‧ clearance parts

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the radial direction of a rotating electrical machine according to the present invention. (Sectional view of the direction of the rotating shaft of the vertical rotating motor)

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the axial direction of a single-layer excitation system rotating machine, and a schematic sectional view in the V-V direction of the extension (Fig. 1).

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the axial direction of a multi-layer excitation system rotating electrical machine.

Fig. 4 is a view showing the measurement results of the first embodiment, showing that the gap member is air, and the permanent magnet has a rectangular cross section in the central circumferential direction of the first layer.

Fig. 5 is a view showing the measurement results of the first embodiment, showing that the gap member is air, and the permanent magnet has a rectangular cross section in the central circumferential direction of the third layer.

Fig. 6 is a view showing the measurement results of the second embodiment, showing that the gap member is iron, and the permanent magnet has a rectangular cross section in the central circumferential direction of the first layer.

Fig. 7 is a view showing the measurement results of the second embodiment, and shows that the gap member is iron and the permanent magnet The density of magnetic lines of the rectangular cross section in the central circumferential direction of the third layer.

Fig. 8 is a view showing the measurement results of the comparative example, and showing the magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet in a trapezoidal cross section in the central circumferential direction of the first layer.

Fig. 9 is a view showing the measurement results of the comparative example, and shows the magnetic field density in the central circumferential direction of the third layer of the permanent magnet having a trapezoidal cross section.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view showing the radial direction of a general rotating electrical machine. (Sectional view of the direction of the rotating shaft of the vertical rotating motor)

In order to enable the reviewing committee to have a better understanding and understanding of the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, please refer to the following [detailed description of the drawings] as follows: The present invention relates to the use of Holbeck arranging permanent magnets. A rotary electric machine such as a core motor or a coreless generator will be described below with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 .

A rotary electric machine 1 includes a rotor 3 and a stator 7, and the rotor 3 is mounted on a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotated to constitute a generator. The rotor 3 comprises two permanent magnet arrays 4, 5 constituting a two-layer Holbeck arrangement; the stator 7 comprises a coil arrangement 8; wherein the two permanent magnet arrays 4, 5 respectively form an annular shape, and the coil arrangement 8 also constitutes In the ring shape, the permanent magnet array 4 is disposed inside the permanent magnet array 5, and the permanent magnet arrays 4, 5 and the coil array 8 are arranged concentrically.

The permanent magnet arrays 4, 5 constituting the two-layer Hallbeck array excitation system are sequentially rotated by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction by the permanent magnets as shown in Fig. 1, and are arranged in a ring shape by Holbeck. The permanent magnet array 4 has the same number of magnets as the permanent magnet array 5. The permanent magnet arrangement 4 The plurality of permanent magnets 41 include a rectangular cross section parallel to the magnetization direction (a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating electrical machine), and the permanent magnet array 5 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 51, and each of the permanent magnets 51 is also rectangular. surface.

The permanent magnets 41 having the same rectangular cross-section are arranged in a ring shape at equal angular intervals, and a wedge-shaped gap is formed between the adjacent permanent magnets 41. Among the gaps, the gap member 43 is filled. Similarly, between the adjacent permanent magnets 51, there is also a wedge-shaped gap in which the wedge-shaped gap member 53 is filled.

Further, in the gap between the rectangular cross-section magnets of the present invention, it is also possible to use air which is not filled with the gap member. However, it is preferable to use a gap member as described above. The material of the gap members 43, 53 is not particularly limited, and may be a non-magnetic material such as aluminum or the like, and a non-magnetic or non-conductive material such as a resin is preferable.

The method of filling the gap between the permanent magnets by the gap member is not particularly limited as long as the gap between the permanent magnets is filled with the gap member in the completion state of the rotary electric machine, and any method may be employed. For example, after the permanent magnets are arranged in a ring shape, the gap members (the members separated from the magnets) are inserted into the gaps between the adjacent permanent magnets, or the gap members are first fixed at equal angular intervals, and the permanent magnets may be inserted.

The magnetization direction of the permanent magnet magnetized in the inner diameter direction of the permanent magnet 41 of the permanent magnet array 4 and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet magnetized in the inner diameter direction of the permanent magnet 51 of the permanent magnet array 5 are the same as the other configurations. The same on a radius. Further, the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet magnetized in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet 41 of the permanent magnet array 4 and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet magnetized in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet 51 of the permanent magnet array 5 are the same in the same radius. The opposite.

Due to the inner permanent magnet array 4, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 41 are cyclically arranged in the circumferential direction by about 90 degrees, and the inner magnetic field of the annular array is weakened, and the magnetic field of the outer side is relatively increased with the weakening of the inner magnetic field. The outer side of the permanent magnet array 4 can generate a strong magnetic field. Further, due to the outer permanent magnet array 5, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 51 are rotated in the circumferential direction by about 90 degrees to form an annular array, and the outer magnetic field of the annular array is weakened, and the amount of the inner magnetic field is relatively increased as the outer magnetic field is weakened. The inner side of the permanent magnet array 5 can generate a strong magnetic field.

Since the permanent magnet arrays 4 and 5 are configured in this way, the magnetic field in the space between the two magnet arrays 4 and 5 becomes strong, and on the other hand, the inner side of the permanent magnet array 4 and the outer side of the permanent magnet array 5 hardly cause a magnetic leakage phenomenon. Then, since the coil array 8 is arranged concentrically between the permanent magnet arrays 4 and 5, a high voltage can be generated. Since the magnetic field in the field in which the coil array 8 is disposed becomes strong, the core is not used in the coil constituting the coil array, and a high voltage can be generated. Since the core is not used, the slot can be eliminated.

Further, the above-described embodiment is merely an example, and the present invention described in the patent application scope includes various modifications. For example, the scope of application of the present invention is not limited to the single layer excitation system shown in FIG. 2, and the rotary electric machine of the multilayer excitation system shown in FIG. 3 is also suitable for use in the present invention. Further, a single-layer excitation system or a multi-layer excitation system having a plurality of stages is provided, and a rotary electric machine of a multi-stage excitation system is also applicable to the present invention.

(Example 1)

Using a permanent magnet having a rectangular cross section as shown in Fig. 1, the annular double-layer Holbeck excitation system is composed of three layers as shown in Fig. 3. No items are inserted into the wedge-shaped gap between the permanent magnets, so that the air is between. The magnetic flux density in the circumferential direction of the center of the first layer and the third layer is shown in Figs.

(Example 2)

Using a permanent magnet having a rectangular cross section as shown in Fig. 1, the annular double-layer Holbeck excitation system is composed of three layers as shown in Fig. 3. In the wedge-shaped gap between the permanent magnets, iron that can be buried in the wedge-shaped gap is inserted. The magnetic flux density in the circumferential direction of the center of the first layer and the third layer is shown in Figs.

(Comparative example)

Using a permanent magnet having a trapezoidal cross-section as shown in Fig. 10, the annular double-layer Hallbeck excitation system is constructed as three layers as shown in Fig. 3. The circumferential magnetic field line density at the center of the interval between the first layer and the third layer is shown in Figs.

(Evaluation)

As is apparent from the results of FIGS. 4 to 9, it is obvious that permanent magnets having a rectangular cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis are arranged in a double-layer Holbeck arrangement, and if the angle of view of each magnet is about 5 degrees, It is known that even if a non-magnetic, non-conductive material is inserted into the gap between the magnets, the magnetic flux density at the center of the gap of the excitation system is reduced by at most 3%. The distribution of magnetic flux density is a beautiful sine wave, and the difference caused by the change of the shape of the permanent magnet is not allowed.

On the one hand, iron is inserted into the wedge-shaped gap between the permanent magnets of the rectangular cross section, and the magnetic flux density is expected to increase due to the reduction of the magnetic impedance on the magnetic path, but actually, since the magnetic lines of force in the interval of the excitation system are concentrated on the iron block, This leads to a decrease in the density of magnetic lines of force.

As described above, when the permanent magnet having a rectangular cross section of a rectangular shape constitutes an excitation system of a two-layer Holbeck arrangement, if a non-magnetic, non-conductive material is provided in advance at a position of the gap and fixed, when the excitation system is assembled, The position of the permanent magnet becomes easy to determine. And because of the use of non-magnetic, non-conductive materials, as the density of magnetic field lines in the excitation system interval can be reduced In order to avoid, the eddy current formed by the armature coil causing the magnetic flux to fluctuate does not occur. Therefore, it is also possible to avoid a decrease in energy efficiency of the device.

1‧‧‧Rotating motor

4‧‧‧ permanent magnet arrangement

5‧‧‧ permanent magnet arrangement

8‧‧‧Coil arrangement

41‧‧‧ permanent magnet

43‧‧‧ clearance parts

51‧‧‧ permanent magnet

53‧‧‧ clearance parts

Claims (4)

A rotating electrical machine comprising a rotor and a stator mounted on a rotating shaft, the rotor comprising two permanent magnet arrangements constituting a two-layer Holbeck arrangement, the stator comprising a coil arrangement, and the permanent magnet arrangement and the The coil arrays are respectively arranged in a ring shape, and each of the permanent magnet arrays includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged at intervals, and each of the permanent magnets has a rectangular cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis. The rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein a gap is formed between the adjacent permanent magnets, and the gap is provided with a gap member. The rotary electric machine according to claim 2, wherein the gap member is a non-magnetic material. The rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet arrangement and the coil arrangement are arranged concentrically, and the gap and the gap member are wedge-shaped.