TW201529999A - Expanding anchor with swelling element for fixing hull - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an expanding anchor comprising a bolt and at least one expansion element situated on the bolt, said bolt having an oblique surface which forces the expansion element on the bolt radially outwards when the bolt is moved in an extension direction relative to the expansion element. According to the invention, the expanding anchor has at least one swelling element consisting of a swellable mass that can swell, in order to secure the expansion element in the extension direction on a wall of a drill-hole.

Description

Expansion anchor with expansion element for fixing the ankle

The present invention relates to an expansion anchor as described in the foregoing paragraph 1 of the patent application, which is specifically for fixing in a borehole in a concrete substrate. The expansion anchor is provided with a bolt and at least one expansion element disposed on the bolt, wherein the bolt has a slope, and the slope faces the expansion element when the bolt moves relative to the expansion element in the pull-out direction The upper side is pressed radially outwards.

EP 0514342 A1 discloses an expansion anchor of the same type. It is used to anchor components to boreholes in solid substrates such as concrete. Such a conventional expansion anchor has an elongated bolt having a tapered expansion section at its front end that is opposite to the direction of extraction. An expansion sill is arranged in a manner offset from the expansion section, which is movable in a direction opposite to the extraction direction. The expansion tab has a plurality of radially projecting outer side projections for engaging the expansion tabs on the inner wall of the borehole located in the substrate. The expansion section of the expansion anchor is pushed forward into the drill hole in a direction opposite to the pull-out direction, and the bolt is pulled out of the borehole a distance in the pull-out direction. After the expansion anchor is pushed in, the expansion tab is stuck on the inner wall of the drill hole, so it stays in the drill hole when the bolt is pulled out. Through the above scheme, the expansion section of the bolt is pulled into the expansion opening, wherein the expansion opening is expanded due to the increase of the diameter of the expansion section, and the expansion anchor is clamped in the substrate by the expansion opening, thereby The load is transferred to the substrate. This basic principle is preferably also Implemented in the present invention.

In order to reliably expand the expansion anchor, it is necessary to prevent the expansion opening from moving during the initial pulling out of the bolt. For this purpose, EP 0 514 342 A1 provides a projection on the expansion opening which, after the nailing has been completed, fixes the expansion opening in the bore. However, the larger these protrusions, the more difficult it is to nail the anchor into the borehole. Therefore, the retaining force that the protrusion can achieve may contradict the nailing characteristics of the anchor.

EP 0 167 481 A1 describes an expansion anchor which can be anchored in a substrate by axial prestressing for tensioning a thrust bearing on a substrate, wherein a displacement is arranged between the thrust bearing and the substrate A can-shaped container extending along the longitudinal axis of the anchor, having a receiving cavity for the expandable material. This material maintains the prestressing of the anchor during the expansion process.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a particularly reliable expansion anchor for achieving excellent load values at very low cost.

The solution of the present invention for achieving the above object is an expansion anchor having the features of claim 1 of the patent application. The preferred embodiment refers to the accessory.

The expansion anchor of the present invention is characterized in that it has at least one expansion element composed of a swellable material which can be inflated so as to fix the expansion element in the borehole in the direction of extraction, in particular On the cylindrical wall.

The basic idea of the invention consists in arranging on the anchor a swelling element made of a swellable material which expands inside the bore. During this expansion, the expansion element presses against the cylindrical borehole wall, thereby increasing the friction between the expansion element and the borehole wall, and increasing the expansion element and borehole that is operatively coupled to the expansion element. Friction between the walls. This solution prevents the expansion element in the borehole from being axially pulled out in the direction of extraction. Therefore, even in the cracked concrete, the present invention can A great holding force is achieved between the expansion element and the borehole wall, so that a particularly reliable expansion operation is achieved. The invention can realize a large holding force between the expansion element and the borehole wall. Therefore, the anchor member of the invention can also provide a large friction coefficient between the expansion element and the bolt without the expansion element being inserted into the process. The danger of axial movement. This large coefficient of friction between the expansion element and the bolt can also achieve a very large tensile force on the anchored post, especially in cracked concrete.

The main advantage of the present invention is that the swellable material is activated after the anchor is driven into the borehole, so that a large retention force between the expansion member and the borehole wall occurs after the nailing operation is completed. Therefore, although the holding force between the expansion member and the borehole wall is large, the anchor member can be easily driven. In view of this, the present invention solves the contradiction in the prior art regarding the anchor member, that is, in order to achieve a large holding force of the expansion member, it is necessary to provide a higher protrusion on the expansion sill, so that a larger application is required. The blow.

The expansion element and/or the bolt are preferably made of a metallic material, which can also be coated to have a targeted effect on the friction. According to the invention. The expansion element is secured to the bolt in a manner movable along the bolt. In particular, the terms "radial" and "axial" as used herein are directed to the longitudinal axis of the bolt and/or the expansion anchor, particularly the axis of symmetry and/or the central axis of the bolt or the expansion anchor. . In particular, the expansion anchor can be a force-controlled expansion expansion anchor.

According to the present invention, when the bolt is axially moved relative to the expansion member in the direction in which the bolt is pulled out, the inclined surface of the bolt presses the expansion member radially outward and presses against the borehole wall in the substrate. The expansion anchor is thereby anchored in the bore. The pull-out direction is preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bolt and/or from the borehole towards the outside. On the inclined surface, the distance between the surface of the bolt and the longitudinal axis of the bolt is preferably gradually increased in a direction opposite to the direction of extraction.

According to the invention, the swelling can be a chemical process, a physical process or a mixing process. The bulging in the present invention preferably means that the addition of an activating substance, particularly a liquid, increases any process of the volume of the bulging element embodied as a solid.

The expansion element can be referred to, for example, as a wedge. According to a preferred embodiment, the expansion element is an expansion bulge that at least partially surrounds the bolt, and/or the bolt has an expansion cone, wherein the slope is formed by the expansion cone. This makes it possible to apply a force very uniformly in the circumferential direction. According to the invention, the expansion cone is used to expand the expansion ridge, i.e. to make the expansion ridge radially widen. One or more expansion elements may be provided.

According to the invention, the bolt has a load-bearing device which can be embodied in particular as an external thread or an internal thread. The load bearing device is for introducing a pulling force oriented in the pulling direction into the bolt. According to an advantageous embodiment, the bevel is arranged in a first end region of the bolt, and the load bearing device is arranged in an opposite second end region of the bolt. In particular, the direction vector of the pull-out direction can be directed from the ramp to the load bearing device. On the inclined surface, the distance between the surface of the bolt and the longitudinal axis of the bolt gradually increases as the distance from the load receiving device increases.

In particular, the present invention can employ a so-called bolt anchor that does not reach the drilled opening. For such bolt anchors, the friction between the expansion element and the borehole wall can have a major impact on the expansion process. Therefore, the bolt can be provided with a stopper which limits the movement of the expansion member from the slope. In the case of a bolt anchor, such a stop ensures in a very simple manner that the expansion element reliably enters the borehole together with the bolt. The stop is preferably an annular shoulder, which is advantageous in terms of manufacturing technology and reliability. In particular, the stop member is axially disposed between the ramp and the load bearing device.

The expansion element can in principle be arranged directly on the expansion element. But according to In an advantageous embodiment, the expansion anchor has a fastening element, the expansion element being arranged on the fastening element. The expansion element is arranged on a fastening element that is separate and preferably separate from the expansion jaw so that the various functionalities of the anchor can be assigned to different components. The above solution can reduce the manufacturing cost and/or further improve the reliability, mainly because the swellable material can be spaced apart from the member of the anchor which is pressed radially outward. The fixing element is preferably arranged on the bolt in such a way that it lies axially between the expansion element and the stop and/or between the expansion element and the load-bearing device.

The fixing element is preferably affixed to the expansion element. This produces a particularly simple structure. The fixing element is preferably arranged on the bolt in an axially displaceable manner, which further reduces the construction cost. In particular, the aforementioned stop for limiting the movement of the expansion element from the ramp also limits the movement of the fixation element and/or the expansion element away from the ramp.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the fastening element is a fastening ring and/or the expansion element is annular or ring-shaped. This makes it possible to achieve a very uniform force. The retaining ring can also be interrupted, which is advantageous in terms of manufacturing. The fastening element can for example be made of a metal material, in particular steel.

According to a further advantageous refinement, the expansion anchor, in particular its fastening element, has a recess for at least partially receiving the expansion element. In a particularly simple manner, the expansion element can be prevented from accidentally detaching from the anchor during the anchoring process. Where the fixing element is a retaining ring, the groove may be an annular groove surrounding the bolt.

According to a preferred embodiment, the expansion element can be activated by pushing the expansion anchor into the bore. For this purpose, the activation substance for the expansion element can be arranged, for example, at the expansion anchor In a closed container, in particular on the bulging element, wherein the container ruptures during the pushing of the expansion anchor into the borehole and releases the activating substance. The expansion element can extend beyond the cross-section of the stop such that the expansion element is subjected to mechanical stress during activation and can be activated. In principle, the activating substance for the expansion element can also be fed separately into the bore.

1‧‧‧Expanding anchors, anchors

5‧‧‧Substrate

6‧‧‧Annex

8‧‧‧ nuts

10‧‧‧ bolt

11‧‧‧ neck area

12‧‧‧Expanding cone

13‧‧‧Slope

17‧‧‧stops

18‧‧‧ external thread

20‧‧‧Expanding elements, inflated

21‧‧‧ positive

24‧‧‧Expanding gap

81‧‧‧Expanding elements

82‧‧‧Fixed components

83‧‧‧ring groove

98‧‧‧ wall, borehole wall

99‧‧‧Drilling

100‧‧‧ vertical axis

101‧‧‧ Pull out direction

1 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view of a prior art expansion anchor anchored into a concrete substrate; FIG. 2 is a development view of the inner surface of the expansion member of the anchor member shown in FIG. A side view of the inflated anchor of the invention; and Figure 4 is a perspective view of the securing element of the inflating anchor of the present invention having the inflating member of Figure 3.

The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, wherein the individual features of the embodiments hereinafter may be implemented individually or in any combination.

The same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings.

1 and 2 are embodiments of the expansion anchor 1 of the prior art. As shown in Figure 1, the expansion anchor 1 has a bolt 10 and an expansion element 20 constructed to expand the ridge, wherein the expansion rim encloses the bolt 10. The bolt 10 has a neck region 11 of constant cross-section which, in the region of the front end of its connecting neck region 11, has an expansion cone 12 for expanding the weir 20, on which the bolt 10 The surface is constructed as a bevel 13 and the bolt 10 is widened from the neck region 11 towards its front end. On the side of the neck region 11 remote from the expansion cone 12, the bolt 10 has a stop 17 for expanding the jaw 20, for example constructed as an annular shoulder. The bolt 10 is on the rear end region of its opposite expansion cone 12 An external thread 18 for the nut 8 is provided.

As shown in particular in Fig. 2, the expansion opening 20 has a plurality of expansion slits 24 starting from the front surface 21 of the expansion opening 20. These expansion slits 24 help the expansion of the crucible 20 to be radially widened by the expansion cone 12 of the bolt 10.

When the expansion anchor 1 is nailed, the expansion cone 12 of the bolt 10 is pushed forward along the longitudinal axis 100 of the bolt 10 into the bore in the substrate 5 shown in FIG. Since the stopper 17 for restricting the movement of the expansion member 20 from the expansion cone 12 is provided, the expansion member 20 constructed to expand the ridge is also fed into the bore at this time. Subsequently, the bolt 10 is pulled from the bore 99 a distance along the pull-out direction 101 parallel to the longitudinal axis 100, for example by tightening the nut 8. Due to the frictional forces with the generally cylindrical wall portion 98 of the borehole 99, the expansion element 20 constructed to expand the weir is retained in the borehole 99 and the bolt 10 is moved relative to the expander member 20. During this movement, the bevel 13 of the expansion cone 12 of the bolt 10 invades the expansion element 20 deeper and deeper, so that the expansion element 20 is radially expanded by the bevel 13 and pressed against the wall portion 98 of the bore 99. . The expansion anchor 1 is fixed in the substrate 5 by this mechanism. The nailing state of the expansion anchor 1 fixed in the substrate 5 is shown in Fig. 1. The attachment 6 can be fixed to the substrate 5 by means of a nut 8.

3 and 4 are embodiments of the expansion anchor of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 implement a series of features of the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 in a similar manner, and thus the foregoing related description may be utilized, and only the differences of the present invention are set forth below.

The main difference between the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 and the prior art embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is that in the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, another one has a swelling. The fixing element 82 of the element 81 has a swellable material. In the neck region 11 of the bolt 10, the fixing element 82 is axially connectable between the expansion element 20 and the stop 17 The movement is arranged on the bolt 10. The fastening element is embodied as a ring that encloses the bolt in a ring shape and has a circumferential annular groove 83 for accommodating the likewise annular expansion element 81 in a partial manner (ie, with the radial projection facing outward) . The fixing element 82 with the expansion element 81 is slightly larger in diameter than the stop 17, so that the expansion element 81 can be activated during insertion of the expansion anchor 1 into the bore 99.

During insertion of the expansion anchor 1 into the borehole 99, the expandable material of the expansion element 81 is activated to radially compress the wall portion 98 of the borehole 99. The fixing element 82 with the expansion element 81 is axially fixed to the borehole wall 98. In this case, the expansion element 20 supported on the fixing member 82 is also axially fixed in the borehole 99, so that when the bolt 10 is moved in the pull-out direction 101 relative to the expansion member 20 during the driving of the anchor member 1, The expansion element 20 is securely in close contact with the borehole 99.

1‧‧‧Expanding anchors, anchors

10‧‧‧ bolt

11‧‧‧ neck area

12‧‧‧Expanding cone

13‧‧‧Slope

17‧‧‧stops

18‧‧‧ external thread

20‧‧‧Expanding elements, inflated

81‧‧‧Expanding elements

82‧‧‧Fixed components

Claims (6)

An expansion anchor (1) comprising a bolt (10) and at least one expansion element (20) disposed on the bolt (10), wherein the bolt (10) has a slope (13) when the bolt (10) When the pulling direction (101) is moved relative to the expansion element (20), the inclined surface presses the expansion element (20) radially outward on the bolt (10), characterized in that the expansion anchor (1) has At least one expansion element (81) composed of a swellable material, the expansion element being expandable to secure the expansion element (20) in the wall of the bore (99) in the pull-out direction (101) 98) On. The expansion anchor (1) of claim 1 is characterized in that the expansion element (20) is an expansion sill that at least partially surrounds the bolt (10), and the bolt (10) has an expansion cone Body (12), wherein the slope (13) is formed by the expansion cone (12). An expansion anchor (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bolt (10) has a stop (17), such as an annular shoulder, which is disengaged from the expansion element (20) The movement of the bevel (13) is limited, and the expansion anchor (1) has a fixing element (82) axially located between the expansion element (20) and the stop (17). Arranged in the way of moving the bolt (10) Above, wherein the expansion element (81) is arranged on the fixing element (82). The expansion anchor (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the fixing element (82) is a fixing ring, and/or the swelling element (81) is in the form of a ring or a ring segment. The expansion anchor (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the expansion anchor (1) has a recess for at least partially receiving the expansion element (81). The expansion anchor (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the expansion element (81) is activated by pushing the expansion anchor (1) into the bore (99).