TW201528951A - 來自2,4-d-膽鹼與嘉磷塞之組合的協同性除草劑的雜草控制 - Google Patents
來自2,4-d-膽鹼與嘉磷塞之組合的協同性除草劑的雜草控制 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N39/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing aryloxy- or arylthio-aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compounds, containing the group or, e.g. phenoxyethylamine, phenylthio-acetonitrile, phenoxyacetone
- A01N39/02—Aryloxy-carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
- A01N39/04—Aryloxy-acetic acids; Derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本文提供除草劑組成物,其包含一混合物,該混合物包含(a)2,4-D-膽鹼鹽類以及(b)N-(膦酸基甲基)甘胺酸(嘉磷塞)之鹽類。該組成物提供在包括但不限於,非作物、休耕地層、多年生作物、樹、藤蔓和水果果樹園,以及造林地作物之區域中,非所欲的植被之協同性的雜草控制。
Description
此申請案主張2013年12月20日提申之美國專利臨時申請案第61/919,135號之利益,其之揭示在此明確地併入以作為參考資料。
本發明係有關於來自2,4-D-膽鹼與嘉磷塞之組合的協同性除草劑的雜草控制。
農業上重複發生的問題是要保護作物使其免受會抑制作物生長的雜草與其他植物之影響。為了協助克服此問題,業已合成及評估有效用於控制此等非所欲的植被之各種化學藥品和化學配方。文獻中業已揭露不同類型的化學除草劑,且多者已供商業使用。然而,對於有效控制非所欲的植被之改良的組成物和其之使用方法仍有需求。
本文說明用於控制非所欲的植被之組成物,其含
有一混合物,該混合物包含協同性、除草有效量之以下
(a)2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸之膽鹼鹽(2,4-D-膽鹼)
以及
(b)N-(膦酸基甲基)甘胺酸(嘉磷塞)之鹽類
該組成物亦可以包含一種或更多種農業上可接受的佐劑及/或載劑。
此外,本文說明控制非所欲的植被之方法,其包括使該非所欲的植被或其所在地或水或土壤,接觸一種含有一混合物之組成物,該混合物包含協同性、除草有效量之(a)2,4-D-膽鹼以及(b)嘉磷塞之鹽類。該非所欲的植被可包括除草劑抗性或耐受性的雜草,以及該非所欲的植被可以位於非作物、多年生作物、結果實作物(fruiting crops),或是造林地作物區域。
當使用於本文中,2,4-D-膽鹼為一種2,4-二氯苯
氧乙酸之膽鹼鹽或2-羥基-N,N,N-三甲基乙銨2-(2,4-二氯苯氧)乙酸鹽(2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate),其具有下列結構:
2,4-D-膽鹼之例示性用途包括控制一年生和多年生的闊葉雜草,包括耐嘉磷塞的闊葉雜草。2,4-D-膽鹼可以使用於已經對2,4-D有耐受性的作物中,尤其是耐2,4-D的大豆、玉米及棉花中。2,4-D-膽鹼一般於萌芽後施用,但不是必要於萌芽後施用。2,4-D-膽鹼亦可以使用於非作物和多年生的栽培系統之雜草控制。
當使用於本文中,嘉磷塞為N-(膦酸基甲基)甘胺酸或2-((膦酸基甲基)-胺基)乙酸,其具有下列結構:
嘉磷塞為一種非選擇性系統除草劑,用於控制一年生和多年生的草及闊葉雜草,尤其是業已經基改而成為耐嘉磷塞的作物。嘉磷塞之例示性化學形式包括,但不限於,嘉磷塞鉀、嘉磷塞異丙銨(IPA)鹽、嘉磷塞單乙醇銨(monoethanolammonium)(MEA)鹽、嘉磷塞單甲銨(MMA)鹽,以及嘉磷塞二甲銨(DMA)鹽。當使用於本文中,嘉磷塞鹽或嘉磷塞之鹽類一般係指嘉磷塞與能作用為鹼的部分(moiety)之反應產物。典型地,該反應為一種酸-鹼反應。
當使用於本文中,術語除草劑意謂著一種殺死、控制或其它方面有害地改變植物生長的活性成分。當使用於本文中,除草有效量或植被控制量是造成“除草性效應”之一種活性成分的量,亦即不利地改變的效用且包括偏離天然的發育、殺滅、調節、乾燥、遲緩。
當使用於本文中,“植物”與“植被”包括但不限於,發芽種子、剛萌發的幼苗、自營養繁殖體萌發的植物,以及長成的植被。
當使用於本文中,未成熟的植被意謂著生殖階段之前之小的營養體植物,以及成熟的植被意謂著在生殖階段期間或生殖階段之後的營養體植物。
當使用於本文中,耐2,4-D的大豆係指基改成為耐2,4-D的大豆。耐2,4-D的大豆之實例包括含有aad-12基因的大豆,aad-12基因賦予對2,4-D的耐受性(美國專利8,283,522 B2)。當使用於本文中,耐2,4-D的玉米係指基改成為耐2,4-D的玉米。耐2,4-D的玉米之實例包括含有aad-1基因的玉米,aad-1基因賦予對2,4-D的耐受性(美國專利7,838,733 B2)。當使用於本文中,耐2,4-D的棉花係指基改成為耐2,4-D的棉花。耐2,4-D的棉花之實例包括含有aad-12基因的棉花,aad-12基因賦予對2,4-D的耐受性。然而,來自aad-1或aad-12基因之此等作物各者之耐受性,或是有任擇的基因提供額外或是任擇的耐受性給轉殖作物[譬如,aad-13(美國專利8,278,505 B2)、tfdA(美國專利6,153,401 A),或是24dt02(CN103060279)],被認為是含括於本文所述的耐
2,4-D及嘉磷塞的大豆、玉米或棉花之範疇中。
當使用於本文中,耐嘉磷塞係指基改成為耐嘉磷塞的大豆、玉米或棉花。嘉磷塞的耐受性可以,舉例而言如本文所示由CP4基因(美國專利5,627,061 A)或2mEPSPS(美國專利6,566,587 B1)提供;然而,落在本文所述的耐嘉磷塞、2,4-D與草銨膦的大豆、玉米或棉花之範疇中之耐嘉磷塞,亦可以由提供嘉磷塞的耐受性給轉殖作物之其他的基因來賦予[譬如,AroA與其他的第II類EPSPS(美國專利7,893,234 B2);GLG23與其他的第III類EPSPS(美國專利7,700,842 B2);GAT(美國專利7,405,074 B2)、Gox(美國專利5,463,175 A),或其他的嘉磷塞代謝基因;或是DGT-28或其他的第IV類EPSPS(美國專利申請公開案20130217577A1)],被認為是含括於本文所述的耐2,4-D、嘉磷塞與草銨膦的大豆、玉米或棉花之範疇中。
本文提供含有一混合物之除草組成物,該混合物包含協同性、除草有效量之以下:
(a)2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸之膽鹼鹽(2,4-D-膽鹼)
以及(b)N-(膦酸基甲基)甘胺酸(嘉磷塞)之鹽類
嘉磷塞之農業上可接受的鹽類和2,4-D-膽鹼之組合預期會控制非所欲的植被。嘉磷塞之此等農業上可接受的鹽類包括,但不限於嘉磷塞鉀、嘉磷塞異丙銨(IPA)鹽、嘉磷塞單乙醇銨(monoethanolammonium)(MEA)鹽、嘉磷塞單甲銨(MMA)鹽,以及嘉磷塞二甲銨(DMA)鹽。
再者,於一些具體例中,2,4-D-膽鹼及嘉磷塞之鹽類組合展現出協同作用,亦即,除草性活性成分在組合情況下比單獨施用時更為有效。協同作用已經定義為「二種或多種因子之交互作用,藉此組合時之效應係大於以各因子分別施用時的反應為基礎之預期效應」。Shaner,D.L.,Ed.Herbicide Handbook,10th ed.Lawrence:Weed Science Society of America,2014。於某些具體例中,該等組成物展現出如同經由寇比(Colby)方程式所判定的協同作用(Colby,S.R.Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic response of herbicide combinations.Weeds 1967,15,20-22)。
當該等化合物於萌芽後直接施用至植物或是在任一生長階段施用至植物的所在地時,其等展現出除草活性。觀察到的效用取決於待控制的植物物種、植物的生長階段、稀釋作用與噴霧液滴尺寸之施用參數、固態組分的粒度、使用時的環境條件、所用的特定化合物、所用的特定佐劑與載劑、土壤類型、所施用的化學藥品量以及其等
之組合。可調整此等與其他因子,以促進非選擇性或選擇性的除草作用。於一些具體例中,本文所說明之組成物施用作為萌芽後施用至較不成熟及成熟的非所欲的植被,以達成最大的雜草控制作用。
於一些具體例中,2,4-D-膽鹼及嘉磷塞之鹽類係組合以補足由此等化合物在施用的比例下所控制的雜草範圍之除草劑來使用。於一些具體例中,本文所說明之組成物及其他互補性除草劑以作為組成調配物或是作為桶混合物之一者方法而於同時施用,或相繼地施用。
本發明組成物可藉由使用傳統之地面或空中之撒粉機、噴灑器,及顆粒施用器,藉由添加至灌溉水或水田給水,及藉由熟習此項技藝者所知之傳統手段施用至雜草或其等之所在地。
於一些具體例中,本文所說明的組成物內之活性成份的濃度係從大約0.0005至98重量百分比。於一些具體例中,濃度係從大約0.0006至90重量百分比。於設計成以濃縮物使用之組成物方面,於某些具體例中,活性成份係以從大約0.1至98重量百分比,以及於某些具體例中大約0.5至90重量百分比。此等組成物於某些具體例中,於施用前係以惰性載劑,諸如水來稀釋。於某些具體例中,通常施用於雜草或雜草所在地之經稀釋的組成物,含有大約0.003至99重量百分比之活性成份,以及於某些具體例中含有大約0.08至25.0重量百分比。
於本文所說明之方法及組成物的某些具體例中,
2,4-D-膽鹼係組合以嘉磷塞之鹽類來使用。關於組成物,於一些具體例中,2,4-D-膽鹼比上嘉磷塞之鹽類的重量比係於以下的範圍內:由大約1:100至大約100:1、由大約1:90至大約90:1、由大約1:80至大約80:1、由大約1:70至大約70:1、由大約1:60至大約60:1、由大約1:50至大約50:1、由大約1:40至大約40:1、由大約1:30至大約30:1、由大約1:20至大約20:1、由大約1:15至大約15:1、由大約1:12至大約12:1、由大約1:11至大約11:1、由大約1:10至大約10:1、由大約1:9至大約9:1、由大約1:8至大約8:1、由大約1:7至大約7:1、由大約1:6至大約6:1、由大約1:5至大約5:1、由大約1:4至大約4:1、由大約1:3至大約3:1、由大約1:2至大約2:1、由大約0.9:1至大約1.1:1、由大約2:1至大約0.5:1、由大約2:1至大約1:1、由大約3:1至大約1:1.1、由大約4:1至大約1:1.2、由大約5:1至大約1:1.3、由大約6:1至大約1:1.4、由大約6:1至大約1:1.5、由大約7:1至大約1:1.6、由大約8:1至大約1:1.7、由大約9:1至大約1:1.8,以及由大約10:1至大約1:1.9。於某些具體例中,2,4-D-膽鹼比上嘉磷塞之鹽類的重量比係於大約4:1至大約1:2的範圍內。於其他的具體例中,2,4-D-膽鹼比上嘉磷塞之鹽類的重量比係於大約2:1至大約1:1的範圍內。
就方法而言,於某些具體例中,該方法包含使該非所欲的植被,例如相繼地或同時接觸本文所說明之組成物。於一些具體例中,以在該組成物中的活性成份之總量為基準,該組成物係以每公頃由大約100克酸當量(g ae/ha)至大約8,960g ae/ha的施加比例來施加。於某些具體例中,
以在該組成物中的活性成份之總量為基準,該組成物係以由大約175g ae/ha至大約5,600g ae/ha的施加比例來施加。於某些具體例中,以在該組成物中的活性成份之總量為基準,該組成物係以由大約205g ae/ha至大約2,200g ae/ha的施加比例來施加。
本文所說明之混合物的組分可以分別地、依序地、於槽內混合或是作為多重除草系統之混合物的部分而施用。
於一具體例中,該組成物對各種各樣的雜草種類展現出協同作用。於一具體例中,與施用後6-36天(DAA)後之寇比(Colby)預測值相比,2,4-D-膽鹼及嘉磷塞之鹽類之比率為1:3至大約3:1之組合,展現出大於約5、6、7、8、9、10、11、13、15、18、20、23、24、25、27、30、35、40、50、55、60、65、70、75、80或85%之控制。
於另一具體例中,該組成物對各種各樣的雜草種類展現出如同以上定義的效能值所界定的協同作用,雜草種類包括但不限於,商麻(Abutilon theophrasti)(絨毛葉(velvetleaf),ABUTH)、披鹼草(Elymus repens)(魁克麥草(quackgrass),AGRRE)、長芒莧(Amaranthus palmeri)(長芒莧(Palmer amaranth),AMAPA)、豬草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia)(豬草(common ragweed),AMBEL)、闊葉鴨舌廣舅(Spermacoce latifolia)(闊葉鈕扣草(broadleaf buttonweed),BOILF)、伏生臂形草(Brachiaria decumbens)(蘇利南草(Surinam grass),BRADC)、藜
(Chenopodium album)(常見的藜(lambsquarter),CHEAL)、圓葉鴨跖草(Commelina benghalensis)(毛鴨跖草(hairy wandering Jew),COMBE)、飛揚草(Euphorbia hirta)(庭園大戟草(garden spurge),EPHHI)、白苞猩猩草(Euphorbia heterophylla)(野生猩猩木,EPHHL)、美州假蓬(Conyza bonariensis)(多毛飛蓬,ERIBO)、加拿大蓬(Conyza canadensis)(加拿大飛蓬(horseweed),ERICA)、大豆(Glycine max)(大豆,耐嘉磷塞,GLXMA)、大花牽牛(Ipomoea grandifolia)((Corda-de-viola),IAQGR)、長梗毛娥房藤(Jacquemontia tamnifolia)(小花牽牛花,IAQTA)、蔦蘿(Ipomoea quamoclit)(蔦蘿牽牛花(cypress vine morningglory),IPOQU)、蕹菜屬(Ipomoea)物種(牽牛花(morningglory),IPOSS)、濱蘿蔔(Raphanus raphanistrim)(野蘿蔔(wild radish),RAPRA)、高大田菁(Sesbania exaltata)(大麻田菁,SEBEX),以及羽芒菊(Tridax procumbens L.)(長柄菊(tridax daisy),TRQPR)。
本文所說明之混合物可與一種或多種其他的除草劑一起施用,以控制更多種類的非所欲的植被。當與其他的除草劑一起使用時,該組成物可與其他一種或多種除草劑一起調配,與其他一種或多種除草劑槽內混合,或是與其他一種或多種除草劑循序施用。可與本文所說明之組成物及方法一起使用的一些除草劑包括,但不限於下列除草劑的酸類、鹽類和酯類形式:4-CPA、4-CPB、4-CPP、
3,4-DA、2,4-DB、3,4-DB、3,4-DP、2,3,6-TBA、2,4,5-T、2,4,5-TB、乙草胺(acetochlor)、亞喜芬(acifluorfen)、苯草醚(aclonifen)、丙烯醛、拉草(alachlor)、二丙烯草胺(allidochlor)、亞汰草(alloxydim)、烯丙醇、亞羅列克(alorac)、胺酮(ametridione)、草殺淨(ametryn)、胺草酮(amibuzin)、胺唑草酮(amicarbazone)、醯嘧磺隆(amidosulfuron)、胺基環吡拉草(aminocyclopyrachlor)、胺基吡拉離(aminopyralid)、甲基胺草磷(amiprofos-methyl)、殺草強(amitrole)、胺磺酸銨、莎稗磷(anilofos)、安尼速隆(anisuron)、磺草靈(asulam)、阿特拉通(atraton)、草脫淨(atrazine)、草芬定(azafenidin)、四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron)、滅蘇民(aziprotryne)、燕麥靈(barban)、BCPC、氟丁醯草胺(beflubutamid)、草除靈(benazolin)、醯苯草酮(bencarbazone)、氟草胺(benfluralin)、呋草黃(benfuresate)、甲基免速隆(bensulfuron-methyl)、地散磷(bensulide)、(bentazon)、殺丹(benthiocarb)、苯甲醯胺氧乙酸苯甲醯胺氧乙酸(benzadox)、雙苯嘧草酮(benzfendizone)、苄草胺(benzipram)、苯并雙環酮(benzobicyclon)、吡草酮(benzofenap)、氟草黃(benzofluor)、新燕靈(benzoylprop)、苯噻隆(benzthiazuron)、雙丙氨磷(bialaphos)、雙環哌喃酮、治草醚(bifenox)、畢拉草(bilanafos)、雙草醚鈉(bispyribac-sodium)、硼砂、克草(bromacil)、除草溴(bromobonil)、溴丁醯草胺(bromobutide)、溴酚肟(bromofenoxim)、溴苯腈(bromoxynil)、溴莠敏(brompyrazon)、丁基拉草(butachlor)、布芬草(butafenacil)、
抑草磷(butamifos)、丁烯草胺(butenachlor)、丁硫咪唑酮(buthidazole)、丁噻隆(buthiuron)、仲丁靈(butralin)、丁苯草酮(butroxydim)、炔草隆(buturon)、丁酸鹽、二甲胂酸、苯酮唑(cafenstrole)、氯酸鈣、氰胺化鈣、卡本敵克(cambendichlor)、除草隆(carbasulam)、雙醯草胺(carbetamide)、卡波賽唑(carboxazole)、克洛普卡(chlorprocarb)、克繁草(carfentrazone)(如,乙基克繁草(carfentrazone-ethyl))、CDEA、CEPC、甲氧基護谷(chlomethoxyfen)、克攔本(chloramben)、丁醯草胺(chloranocryl)、炔禾靈(chlorazifop)、氯阿淨(chlorazine)、滅落寧(chlorbromuron)、氯草靈(chlorbufam)、克瑞隆(chloreturon)、伐草克(chlorfenac)、燕麥酯(chlorfenprop)、氟咪殺(chlorflurazole)、整形醇(chlorflurenol)、氯草敏(chloridazon)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron)、全滅草(chlornitrofen)、三氯丙酸(chloropon)、氯麥隆(chlorotoluron)、枯草龍(chloroxuron)、氯二甲酚(chloroxynil)、克洛普卡(chlorprocarb)、克普芬(chlorpropham)、氯磺隆(chlorsulfuron)、大克草(chlorthal)、草克樂(chlorthiamid)、環醯草酯(cinidon)(如,乙基環醯草酯(cinidon-ethyl))、環庚草醚(cinmethylin)、西速隆(cinosulfuron)、落草胺(cisanilide)、剋草同(clethodim)、可利汀特(cliodinate)、炔丙基炔草酯(clodinafop-propargyl)、可落弗(clofop)、可滅蹤(clomazone)、克普草(clomeprop)、果美生長素(cloprop)、氯丙殺草(cloproxydim)、畢克草(clopyralid)、氯酯磺草胺
(cloransulam)、甲基氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam-methyl)、CMA、硫酸銅、CPMF、CPPC、必滅草(credazine)、甲酚、草隆(cumyluron)、氰草淨(cyanatryn)、氰乃淨(cyanazine)、環草敵(cycloate)、環比瑞摩(cyclopyrimorate)、環磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、環殺草(cycloxydim)、環莠隆(cycluron)、賽伏草(cyhalofop)(如,丁基賽伏草(cyhalofop-butyl))、牧草快(cyperquat)、環丙津(cyprazine)、三環噻草胺(cyprazole)、環草胺(cypromid)、汰草龍(daimuron)、得拉本(dalapon)、邁隆(dazomet)、異丁草胺(delachlor)、甜菜安(desmedipham)、敵草淨(desmetryn)、二醛酯、汰克草(dicamba)、二氯苯腈(dichlobenil)、双(三氯羥乙基)脲、苄胺靈(dichlormate)、2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop)、2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop)-P、甲基禾草靈(diclofop-methyl)、雙氯磺草胺(diclosulam)、敵森刈(diethamquat)、乙醯甲草胺(diethatyl)、戊味禾草靈(difenopenten)、枯莠隆(difenoxuron)、野燕枯(difenzoquat)、吡氟草胺(diflufenican)、氟吡草腙(diflufenzopyr)、唑隆(dimefuron)、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、二甲草胺(dimethachlor)、愛落殺(dimethametryn)、汰草滅(dimethenamid)、汰草滅(dimethenamid)-P、草滅散(dimexano)、草噠酮(dimidazon)、撻乃安(dinitramine)、地樂特(dinofenate)、硝丙酚(dinoprop)、戊硝酚(dinosam)、達諾殺(dinoseb)、特樂酚(dinoterb)、大芬滅(diphenamid)、異丙凈(dipropetryn)、大刈特(diquat)、賽松(disul)、汰硫草(dithiopyr)、達有龍(diuron)、DMPA、DNOC、DSMA、EBEP、甘草津(eglinazine)、藻草滅(endothal)、
三唑磺(epronaz)、EPTC、抑草蓬(erbon)、戊草丹(esprocarb)、乙柳醯胺(ethbenzamide)、乙丁烯氟靈(ethalfluralin)、胺苯磺隆(ethametsulfuron)、磺噻隆(ethidimuron)、硫草敵(ethiolate)、益本滅(ethobenzamid)、依本滅(etobenzamid)、益覆滅(ethofumesate)、氯氟草醚(ethoxyfen)、亞速隆(ethoxysulfuron)、硝草酚(etinofen)、益尼普滅(etnipromid)、乙氧苯草胺(etobenzanid)、EXD、雙氧威(fenasulam)、2,4,5-涕丙酸(fenoprop)、芬殺草(fenoxaprop)、芬殺草-P(fenoxaprop-P)(如,乙基芬殺草-P(fenoxaprop-P-ethyl))、乙基芬殺草-P+乙基雙苯唑酸(isoxadifen-ethyl)、凡諾碸(fenoxasulfone)、芬昆諾三酮(fenquinotrione)、2-(2,4,5-三氯苯氧基)乙醇(fenteracol)、噻唑禾草靈(fenthiaprop)、四唑醯草胺(fentrazamide)、非草隆(fenuron)、硫酸亞鐵、麥草氟酯(flamprop)、麥草氟酯(flamprop)-M、伏速隆(flazasulfuron)、雙氟磺草胺(florasulam)、伏寄普(fluazifop)、伏寄普-P(fluazifop-P)(如,丁基伏寄普-P(fluazifop-P-butyl))、異丙吡草酯(fluazolate)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、貝殺寧(fluchloralin)、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、氟泛尼坎(flufenican)、氟噠草酯(flufenpyr)(如,乙基氟噠草酯(flufenpyr-ethyl))、闊草清(flumetsulam)、氟每淨(flumezin)、氟烯草酸(flumiclorac)(如,戊基氟烯草酸(flumiclorac-pentyl))、丙炔氟草胺(flumioxazin)、炔草胺(flumipropyn)、可奪草(fluometuron)、福泰芬(fluorodifen)、乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen)、唑啶草(fluoromidine)、氟除草
醚(fluoronitrofen)、殺克丹(fluothiuron)、氟胺草唑(flupoxam)、氟異丙嘧草酯(flupropacil)、氟丙酸、氟啶嘧磺隆(flupyrsulfuron)、氟啶草酮(fluridone)、氟咯草酮(flurochloridone)、氟氯比(fluroxypyr)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、氟噻草酯(fluthiacet)、氟磺胺草醚(fomesafen)、甲醯胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、調節膦(fosamine)、氟烯草酸(fumiclorac)、呋氧草醚(furyloxyfen)、草銨膦銨(glufosinate-ammonium)、草銨膦(glufosinate)、哈洛昔芬(halauxifen)、合殺繁(halosafen)、合速隆(halosulfuron)(如,甲基合速隆(halosulfuron-methyl))、氟啶草(haloxydine)、甲基合氯氟(haloxyfop-methyl)、合氯氟-P(haloxyfop-P)(如,甲基合氯氟-P(haloxyfop-P-methyl))、六氯丙酮、六氟鹽(hexaflurate)、菲殺淨(hexazinone)、咪草啶酸(imazamox)、甲咪唑烟酸(imazapic)、依滅草(imazapyr)、滅草喹(imazaquin)、咪唑乙煙酸(imazethapyr)、依速隆(imazosulfuron)、茚草酮(indanofan)、茚氟草胺(indaziflam)、除草碘(iodobonil)、碘甲烷、碘甲磺隆乙基鈉(iodosulfuron-ethyl-sodium)、依歐芬速隆(iofensulfuron)、碘苯腈(ioxynil)、抑草津(ipazine)、鹵苯胺唑(ipfencarbazone)、抑吡嘧丹(iprymidam)、草特靈(isocarbamid)、異草定(isocil)、丁草酮(isomethiozin)、異草完隆(isonoruron)、異丙林特(isopolinate)、異丙樂靈(isopropalin)、異丙隆(isoproturon)、愛速隆(isouron)、異草胺(isoxaben)、異氯草酮(isoxachlortole)、異唑草酮(isoxaflutole)、異草醚(isoxapyrifop)、特胺靈(karbutilate)、
酮螺達(ketospiradox)、乳氟禾草靈(lactofen)、環草定(lenacil)、理有龍(linuron)、MAA、MAMA、MCPA、MCPA酯類和胺類、MCPA-硫乙基、MCPB、2-甲-4-氯丙酸(mecoprop)、2-甲-4-氯丙酸(mecoprop)-P、地樂施(medinoterb)、滅芬草(mefenacet)、美福泰(mefluidide)、滅莠津(mesoprazine)、磺胺磺隆(mesosulfuron)、硝磺草酮(mesotrione)、斯美地(metam)、唑醯草胺(metamifop)、苯草酮(metamitron)、滅草胺(metazachlor)、雙醚氯吡嘧磺隆(metazosulfuron)、二甲噠草伏(metflurazon)、甲基苯噻隆(methabenzthiazuron)、甲基丙樂靈(methalpropalin)、滅草唑(methazole)、甲殺丹(methiobencarb)、美西除靈(methiozolin)、滅草恆(methiuron)、醚草通(methometon)、格草净(methoprotryne)、溴甲烷、異硫氰酸甲酯、甲基殺草隆(methyldymron)、吡喃隆(metobenzuron)、撲多草(metobromuron)、莫多草(metolachlor)、磺草唑胺(metosulam)、甲氧隆(metoxuron)、滅必淨(metribuzin)、磺隆(metsulfuron)、甲基磺隆(metsulfuron-methyl)、稻得壯(molinate)、庚醯草胺(monalide)、莫尼速隆(monisouron)、氯乙酸、綠谷龍(monolinuron)、滅草隆(monuron)、伐草快(morfamquat)、MSMA、萘普草(naproanilide)、滅落脫(napropamide)、滅落脫-M(napropamide-M)、納得爛(naptalam)、草不龍(neburon)、煙嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、吡氯草胺(nipyraclofen)、滅殺草(nitralin)、護谷(nitrofen)、三氟甲草醚(nitrofluorfen)、氟草敏(norflurazon)、草完隆
(noruron)、OCH、坪草丹(orbencarb)、鄰二氯苯、嘧苯胺磺隆(orthosulfamuron)、歐拉靈(oryzalin)、丙炔草酮(oxadiargyl)、樂滅草(oxadiazon)、草噠松(oxapyrazon)、環氧嘧磺隆(oxasulfuron)、草酮(oxaziclomefone)、復祿芬(oxyfluorfen)、對氟隆(parafluron)、巴拉刈(paraquat)、克草猛(pebulate)、壬酸、施得圃(pendimethalin)、平速爛(penoxsulam)、五氯苯酚、甲氯醯草胺(pentanochlor)、環戊草酮(pentoxazone)、佈福松(perfluidone)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、棉胺寧(phenisopham)、甜菜寧(phenmedipham)、甜菜寧(phenmedipham)(如,乙基甜菜寧(phenmedipham-ethyl))、醯草隆(phenobenzuron)、醋酸苯汞、畢克爛(picloram)、氟吡醯草胺(picolinafen)、唑啉草酯(pinoxaden)、哌草磷(piperophos)、亞砷酸鉀、疊氮化鉀、氰酸鉀、普拉草(pretilachlor)、氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron)(如,甲基氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron-methyl))、環丙腈津(procyazine)、氨氟樂靈(prodiamine)、氟唑草胺(profluazol)、環丙氟靈(profluralin)、氯苯噻草酮(profoxydim)、甘撲津(proglinazine)、調環酸鈣鹽(prohexadione-calcium)、撲滅通(prometon)、佈滅淨(prometryn)、雷蒙得(propachlor)、除草靈(propanil)、普拔草(propaquizafop)、普拔根(propazine)、苯胺靈(propham)、普樂寶(propisochlor)、丙苯磺隆(propoxycarbazone)、咪唑嘧磺隆(propyrisulfuron)、戊炔草胺(propyzamide)、甲硫磺樂靈(prosulfalin)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、三氟丙磺隆(prosulfuron)、撲滅生(proxan)、
拔地草(prynachlor)、吡達農(pydanon)、雙唑草腈(pyraclonil)、派芬草(pyraflufen)(如,乙基派芬草(pyraflufen-ethyl))、磺醯草吡唑(pyrasulfotole)、必殺奇(pyrazogyl)、苄草唑(pyrazolynate)、乙基百速隆(pyrazosulfuron-ethyl)、匹唑芬(pyrazoxyfen)、嘧啶肟草醚(pyribenzoxim)、稗草丹(pyributicarb)、三氯吡啶醇(pyriclor)、噠草福(pyridafol)、必汰草(pyridate)、環酯草醚(pyriftalid)、嘧草醚(pyriminobac)、嘧啶硫蕃(pyrimisulfan)、嘧硫草醚鈉(pyrithiobac-sodium)、吡唑碸(pyroxasulfone)、吡唑磺草胺(pyroxsulam)、快克草(quinclorac)、氯甲喹啉酸(quinmerac)、莫克草(quinoclamine)、克藻胺(quinonamid)、快伏草(quizalofop)、快伏草-P(quizalofop-P)(如,乙基快伏草-P(quizalofop-P-ethyl))、硫氰苯胺(rhodethanil)、碸嘧磺隆(rimsulfuron)、嘧啶肟草醚(saflufenacil)、左旋莫多草(S-metolachlor)、另丁津(sebuthylazine)、仲丁通(secbumeton)、西殺草(sethoxydim)、環草隆(siduron)、草滅淨(simazine)、西瑪通(simeton)、西草淨(simetryn)、SMA、亞砷酸鈉、疊氮化鈉、氯酸鈉、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、草克死(sulfallate)、氟磺唑草胺(sulfentrazone)、嘧磺隆(sulfometuron)、草硫膦(sulfosate)、磺醯磺隆(sulfosulfuron)、硫酸、磺格坎平(sulglycapin)、滅草靈(swep)、TCA、牧草胺(tebutam)、得匍隆(tebuthiuron)、特呋喃三酮(tefuryltrione)、田寶三酮(tembotrione)、得殺草(tepraloxydim)、特草定(terbacil)、特草靈(terbucarb)、特丁草胺(terbuchlor)、特丁通(terbumeton)、
草凈津(terbuthylazine)、特丁淨(terbutryn)、四氟隆(tetrafluron)、欣克草(thenylchlor)、噻氟隆(thiazafluron)、噻草啶(thiazopyr)、噻二唑草胺(thidiazimin)、噻苯隆(thidiazuron)、甲基酮脲磺草吩酯(thiencarbazone-methyl)、噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron)、甲基噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuro-methyl)、殺丹(thiobencarb)、氟丙嘧草酯(tiafenacil)、仲草丹(tiocarbazil)、6-氯-5-(甲基硫代基)嘧啶-2,4-二胺(tioclorim)、吡草磺(topramezone)、三甲苯草酮(tralkoxydim)、氣闢積草胺(triafamone)、燕麥畏(tri-allate)、醚苯磺隆(triasulfuron)、三氟草胺(triaziflam)、苯磺隆(tribenuron)、苯磺隆(tribenuron)(如,甲基苯磺隆(tribenuron-methyl))、殺草畏(tricamba)、三氯比(triclopyr)(如,三氯比膽鹼鹽類(triclopyr choline salt))、三氯比、三地芬(tridiphane)、草達津(trietazine)、氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron)、三福林(trifluralin)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)、三氟普(trifop)、三氟森(trifopsime)、三羥基三、三甲隆(trimeturon)、草普平丹(tripropindan)、草達克(tritac)、三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)、萬隆(vernolate)、二甲苯草胺(xylachlor),苯甲基4-胺基-3-氯-5-氟-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-羧酸酯和其鹽類、膽鹼鹽類、酯類、光學活性異構物和混合物。
於一些具體例中,本文所說明之組成物係與一種或多種除草劑安全劑組合使用,例如AD-67(MON 4660)、
解草酮(benoxacor)、殺丹(benthiocarb)、蕓苔素內酯(brassinolide)、解毒喹(cloquintocet(mexyl))、解草胺腈(cyometrinil)、汰草龍(daimuron)、二氯丙烯胺(dichlormid)、二環酮(dicyclonon)、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、二硫松(disulfoton)、乙基解草唑(fenchlorazole-ethyl)、解草啶(fenclorim)、解草安(flurazole)、氟草肟(fluxofenim)、解草唑(furilazole)、致敏蛋白、乙基雙苯唑酸(isoxadifen-ethyl)、解草烷(jiecaowan)、解草烯(jiecaoxi)、二乙基吡唑解草酯(mefenpyr-diethyl)、美菲特(mephenate)、萘二甲酸酐(NA)、解草腈(oxabetrinil)、R29148以及N-苯基-磺醯基苯甲酸醯胺類,以增進其等的選擇性。於一些具體例中,該安全劑為解草酯(cloquintocet)或其酯類或鹽類。於某些具體例中,使用解草酯(cloquintocet)來拮抗該組成物對於稻米及穀類的有害效應。於一些具體例中,該安全劑為解毒喹(cloquintocet(mexyl))。
於一些具體例中,本文所提供的組成物進一步包含至少一種農業上可接受的佐劑或載劑。適合的佐劑或載劑對有價值之作物不應具植物性毒素,特別是於作物存在期間,施用此等組成物用於選擇性雜草控制而使用之濃度下,且不應與除草劑組份或其它組成物成份產生化學反應。此等混合物可以設計成直接施用於雜草或其等之所在地,或是可以為濃縮物或調配物,其一般係於施用前用另外的載劑及佐劑予以稀釋。其等可為固體,諸如,舉例來說,
粉塵、顆粒、水可分散之顆粒,微膠囊或可濕化之粉末,或是液體,諸如舉例來說,可乳化之濃縮物、溶液、乳化液或是懸浮液。其等亦可以提供為預混合物或是槽式混合。
適合的農業佐劑及載劑包括,但是不限於:作物油濃縮物;壬基酚乙氧基化物;苯甲基可可烷基二甲基季銨鹽;石油烴、烷基酯、有機酸,及陰離子界面活性劑之摻合物;C9-C11烷基多糖苷;磷酸化醇乙氧基化物;天然的一級醇(C12-C16)乙氧基化物;二-第二丁基酚EO-PO嵌段共聚物;聚矽氧烷-甲基帽蓋;壬基酚乙氧基化物+尿素硝酸銨;經乳化之甲基化籽油;十三烷基醇(合成)乙氧基化物(8EO);牛脂胺乙氧基化物(15 EO);PEG(400)二油酸酯-99。
可使用之液體載劑包括水及有機溶劑。有機溶劑包括,但不限於:石油分餾物或烴類,諸如,礦物油、芳香族溶劑、石蠟油等等;蔬菜油,諸如,黃豆油、菜籽油、橄欖油、蓖麻油、葵花籽油、椰子油、玉米油、棉花籽油、亞麻籽油、棕櫚油、花生油、紅花油、芝麻油、桐油等等;上述蔬菜油之酯類;單醇或二羥基、三羥基,或其它較低之多醇類(含有4-6個羥基)之酯類,諸如,硬脂酸2-乙基己酯、油酸正丁酯、肉豆蒄酸異丙酯、丙二醇二油酸酯、琥珀酸二辛酯、己二酸二丁酯、酞酸二辛酯等等;單、二及多羧酸之酯類等等。特定的有機溶劑包括,但不限於:甲苯、二甲苯、石油腦、作物油、丙酮、甲乙酮、環己酮、三氯乙烯、全氯乙烯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸戊酯、乙酸丁酯、
丙二醇單甲基醚及二乙二醇單甲基醚、甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、戊醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基烷基醯胺、二甲基亞碸、液體肥料等。於某些具體例中,水為用於稀釋濃縮物之載劑。
適合之固體載劑包括,但不限於:滑石、葉蠟石黏土、矽石、厄帖普黏土、高嶺土、矽藻土(kieselguhr)、白堊、矽藻土(diatomaceous earth)、石灰、碳酸鈣、膨土、漂白土、棉花籽殼、小麥粉、黃豆粉、浮石、木粉、核桃殼粉、木質素、纖維素等等。
於一些具體例中,本文所說明之組成物進一步包含一種或多種界面活性劑。於一些具體例中,此等界面活性劑係使用於固體及液體之組成物二者,以及於某些具體例中,設計於施用之前以載劑來稀釋的該等。界面活性劑於特性方面可為陰離子性、陽離子性,或非離子性,且可使用作為乳化劑、濕化劑、懸浮劑,或用於其它目的。亦可以使用於本調配物之界面活性劑係尤其描述於McCutcheon’s Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual,MC Publishing Corporation:Ridgewood,NJ,1998及Encyclopedia of Surfactants,Vol.I-III,Chemical Publishing Company:New York,1980-81之內。界面活性劑包括,但是不限於:烷基硫酸鹽之鹽類,諸如,二乙醇月桂基硫酸銨;烷芳基磺酸鹽類,諸如,十二烷基苯磺酸鈣;烷基酚-烯化氧加成產物,諸如,壬基酚-C18乙氧基化物;醇烯化氧加成產物,諸如,十三烷基醇-C16乙氧基化物;皂類,諸如,硬
脂酸鈉;烷基-萘-磺酸鹽類,諸如,二丁基萘磺酸鈉;磺琥珀酸鹽之二烷基酯類,諸如,二(2-乙基己基)磺琥珀酸鈉;山梨糖醇酯類,諸如,山梨糖醇油酸酯;季胺類,諸如,月桂基三甲基氯化銨;脂肪酸之聚乙二醇酯類,諸如,聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯;氧化乙烯以及氧化丙烯之嵌段共聚物;單及二烷基磷酸酯之鹽類;蔬菜或是籽之油,諸如,黃豆油、油菜籽/芥花之油、橄欖油、蓖麻油、葵花籽油、椰子油、玉米油、棉花籽油、亞麻仁油、棕櫚油、花生油、紅花油、芝麻油、桐油等等;上述蔬菜油之酯類,以及於某些具體例中,甲酯。
於一些具體例中,此等材料,諸如蔬菜或籽之油及其酯類,可互換地使用作為農業佐劑、作為液體載劑,或作為界面活性劑。
供用於本文所提供的組成物之其它例示性添加劑包括,但不限於:相容劑、抗發泡劑、螯合劑、中和劑及緩衝劑、腐蝕抑制劑、染料、氣味劑、展開劑、穿透助劑、黏著劑、分散劑、增稠劑、冰點下降劑、抗微生物劑等等。該等組成物亦可含有其它可相容的組份,例如,其它除草劑、植物生長調節劑、殺黴菌劑、殺蟲劑等,且可與液體肥料或固體顆粒狀肥料載劑(諸如,硝酸銨、尿素等)配製。
本文說明控制非所欲的植被之方法,其係藉由使該植被或其所在地,亦即植被鄰接的區域,或是水或土壤,
接觸一種含有一混合物之組成物,該混合物包含協同性除草有效量之(a)2,4-D-膽鹼以及(b)嘉磷塞之鹽類。於某些具體例中,該方法使用本文說明之組成物。
嘉磷塞之農業上可接受的鹽類和2,4-D-膽鹼的組合預期會控制非所欲的植被。嘉磷塞之此等農業上可接受的鹽類包括但不限於,嘉磷塞鉀、嘉磷塞異丙銨(IPA)鹽、嘉磷塞單乙醇銨(monoethanolammonium)(MEA)鹽、嘉磷塞單甲銨(MMA)鹽,以及嘉磷塞二甲銨(DMA)鹽。
本文提供之組成物及方法可以使用來控制非所欲的植被。非所欲的植被包括,但不限於,出現於以下之非所欲的植被:非作物區域,包括但不限於牧草地,草地,牧場,休耕地,有樹籬的柵欄(fencerows),停車場,儲油場,儲存區,公用路線穿越用地(rights-of-way),公用事業區域(utility areas),草皮,林業,水生植物,工業植被管理(IVM)及種植作物前的休耕地層(fallow-bed prior to planting crops);多年生作物,施用時會接觸非所欲的植被但不會接觸作物的群葉,例如樹和藤蔓果樹園,其包括但不限於,柑橘、葡萄、杏仁(almond)、蘋果、杏(apricot)、酪梨、山毛櫸堅果(beechnut)、巴西栗子、白胡桃、腰果、櫻桃、栗子、毛枝栗(chinquapin)、小蘋果類(crab apple)、棗(date)、鳳梨番石榴(feijoa)、無花果、榛子、山胡桃堅果(hickory nut)、奇異果、檸檬、萊姆、枇杷、澳洲胡桃(macadamia nut)、山楂(mayhaw)、油桃、橄欖、柳橙、桃子、梨、美國山胡桃(pecan)、柿、阿月渾子(pistachio)、李、石榴、仁果、乾
果李(prune)、榅桲(quince)、核果、堅果(tree nut)以及胡桃(walnut);結果實作物(fruiting crops)(例如,藍莓、番石榴、木瓜、草莓、芋頭、黑莓(blackberries)及樹莓(raspberries));以及造林地作物(包括但不限於咖啡、可可、橡膠以及棕櫚油)。
於一些具體例中,本文所提供的方法係使用來控制樹和藤蔓作物、多年生作物以及非作物區域中發現的非所欲的植被。在某些具體例中,該非所欲的植被是:大穗看麥娘(Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.)(黑草(blackgrass),ALOMY)、長芒莧(Amaranthus palmeri S.Wats.)(長芒莧(Palmer amaranth),AMAPA)、光稃野燕麥(Avena fatua L.)(野生燕麥,AVEFA)、伏生臂形草(Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.)或伏生沙比草(Urochloa decumbens)(Stapf)R.D.Webster(蘇利南草(Surinam grass),BRADC)、珊狀臂形草(Brachiaria brizantha)(Hochst.ex A.Rich.)Stapf.或珊狀沙比草(Urochloa brizantha)(Hochst.ex A.Rich.)R.D.(鬍鬚草(beard grass),BRABR)、寬葉臂形草(Brachiaria platyphylla(Groseb.)Nash或寬葉沙比草(Urochloa platyphylla)(Nash)R.D.Webster)(闊葉信號草(broadleaf signalgrass),BRAPP)、車前狀臂形草(Brachiaria plantaginea)(Link)Hitchc.或車前狀沙比草(Urochloa plantaginea)(Link)R.D.Webster(亞歷山大草(alexandergrass),BRAPL)、蒺藜草(Cenchrus echinatus L.)(南部龍葵(southern sandbur),CENEC)、平枝馬唐(Digitaria horizontalis Willd.)(牙買加螃蟹草(Jamaican
crabgrass),DIGHO)、島馬唐(Digitaria insularis)(L.)Mez ex Ekman(兩耳草(sourgrass),TRCIN)、馬唐(Digitaria sanguinalis(L.)Scop.)(大螃蟹草(large crabgrass),DIGSA)、稗(Echinochloa crus-galli(L.)P.Beauv.)(稗草,ECHCG)、光頭稗(Echinochloa colonum(L.)LINK)(芒稷,ECHCO)、牛筋草(Eleusine indica)(L.)Gaertn.(牛筋草(goosegrass),ELEIN)、多花黑麥草(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)(義大利黑麥草,LOLMU)、洋野黍(Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.)(秋黍子,PANDI)、稷(Panicum miliaceum L.)(野生黃米,PANMI)、高大田菁(Sesbania exaltata(Raf.)Cory/Rydb.Ex Hill)(大麻田菁,SEBEX)、法氏狗尾草(Setaria faberi Herrm.)(巨大狐尾草,SETFA)、狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L.)Beauv.)(綠色狐尾草,SETVI)、石矛(Sorghum halepense(L.)Pers.)(強生草,SORHA)、葦狀高梁(Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench ssp.Arundinaceum)(野高梁(shattercane),SORVU)、油莎草(Cyperus esculentus L.)(黃色香附(nutsedge),CYPES)、香附子(Cyperus rotundus L.)(紫色香附,CYPRO)、商麻(Abutilon theophrasti Medik.)(絨毛葉(velvetleaf),ABUTH)、莧屬(Amaranthus)物種(藜類及莧類,AMASS)、豬草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)(豬草(common ragweed),AMBEL)、裸穗豬草(Ambrosia psilostachya DC.)(西方豕草,AMBPS)、三裂葉豬草(Ambrosia trifida L.)(巨大豕草,AMBTR)、冠萼蔓錦葵(Anoda cristata)(L.)Schlecht.(有距的蔓錦葵(spurred anoda),ANVCR)、敍利亞
馬利筋(Asclepias syriaca L.)(常見的乳草,ASCSY)、鬼針草(Bidens pilosa L.)(有毛的beggarticks,BIDPI)、豐花草(Borreria)物種(BOISS)、翼葉豐花草(Borreria alata)(Aubl.)DC.或翼葉鴨舌黃舅(Spermacoce alata Aubl.)(闊葉鈕扣草(broadleaf button weed),BOILF)、闊葉鴨舌廣舅(Spermacose latifolia)(闊葉鈕扣草(broadleaf button weed),BOILF)、藜(Chenopodium album L.)(常見的藜(lambsquarters),CHEAL)、絲路薊(Cirsium arvense(L.)Scop.)(加拿大薊(Canada thistle),CIRAR)、圓葉鴨跖草(Commelina benghalensis L.)(熱帶紫鴨跖草,COMBE)、黃花曼陀羅(Datura stramonium L.)(曼陀羅,DATST)、胡蘿蔔(Daucus carota L.)(野生胡蘿蔔,DAUCA)、白苞猩猩草(Euphorbia heterophylla L.)(野生猩猩木,EPHHL)、飛揚草(Euphorbia hirta L.)或飛揚草(Chamaesyce hirta)(L.)Millsp.(庭園大戟草(garden spurge),EPHHI)、齒裂大戟(Euphorbia dentata Michx.)(齒裂大戟草(toothed spurge),EPHDE)、野茼蒿(Erigeron bonariensis L.)或美州假蓬(Conyza bonariensis)(L.)Cronq.(多毛飛蓬,ERIBO)、加拿大蓬(Erigeron canadensis L.)或加拿大蓬(Conyza canadensis)(L.)Cronq.(加拿大飛蓬(horseweed),ERICA)、蘇門白酒草(Conyza sumatrensis)(Retz.)E.H.Walker(高大飛蓬(tall fleabane),ERIFL)、向日葵(Helianthus annuus L.)(常見的向日葵,HELAN)、長梗毛娥房藤(Jacquemontia tamnifolia(L.)Griseb.)(小花牽牛花,IAQTA)、黑牽牛(Ipomoea hederacea(L.)Jacq.)(裂葉牽牛,IPOHE)、野甘薯(Ipomoea lacunosa L.)(白色牽牛花,IPOLA)、刺萵苣(Lactuca serriola L./Torn.)(多刺的萵苣,LACSE)、馬齒莧(Portulaca oleracea L.)(常見的馬齒莧,POROL)、擬鴨舌黃屬(Richardia)物種(馬齒菜(pusley),RCHSS)、刺沙蓬(Salsola tragus L.)(俄國薊,SASKR)、時花(Sida)物種(時花,SIDSS)、刺金午時花(Sida spinosa L.)(多刺的金午時花,SIDSP)、田野白芥(Sinapis arvensis L.)(野生芥菜,SINAR)、龍葵(Solanum ptychanthum Dunal)(東方光果龍葵(eastern black nightshade),SOLPT)、羽芒菊(Tridax procumbens L.)(衣扣菊(coat buttons),TRQPR),或是蒼耳(Xanthium strumarium L.)(常見的蒼耳屬植物,XANST)。
於一些具體例中,本文所提供的方法係使用來控制牧場及牧草地中非所欲的植被。在某些具體例中,該非所欲的植被是長芒莧(Amaranthus palmeri S.Wats.)(長芒莧(Palmer amaranth),AMAPA)、豬草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)(豬草(common ragweed),AMBEL)、三裂葉豬草(Ambrosia trifida L.)(巨大豕草,AMBTR)、草決明(Cassia obtusifolia)(決明(sickle pod),CASOB)、斑點矢車菊(Centaurea maculosa auct.non Lam.)(有斑點的矢車菊屬植物,CENMA)、絲路薊(Cirsium arvense(L.)Scop.)(加拿大薊(Canada thistle),CIRAR)、田旋花(Convolvulus arvensis L.)(田野旋花屬植物,CONAR)、加拿大蓬(Conyza canadensis)(L.)Cronq.(加拿大飛蓬(horseweed),ERICA,
太魯閣大戟(Euphorbia esula L.)(闊葉大戟(leafy spurge),EPHES)、刺萵苣(Lactuca serriola L./Torn.)(多刺的萵苣,LACSE)、長葉車前(Plantago lanceolata L.)(鹿角車前,PLALA)、鈍葉酸模(Rumex obtusifolius L.)(闊葉羊蹄,RUMOB)、刺沙蓬(Salsola tragus L.)(俄國薊,SASKR)、高大田菁(Sesbania exaltata(Raf.)Cory/Rydb.Ex Hill)(大麻田菁,SEBEX)、刺金午時花(Sida spinosa L.)(多刺的金午時花,SIDSP)、田野白芥(Sinapis arvensis L.)(野生芥菜,SINAR)、苦苣菜(Sonchus arvensis L.)(多年生苦菜,SONAR)、一枝黃花屬(Solidago)物種(秋麒麟草屬植物,SOOSS)、西洋蒲公英(Taraxacum officinale G.H.Weber ex Wiggers)(蒲公英,TAROF)、白三葉草(Trifolium repens L.)(白色苜蓿,TRFRE),或是異株蕁麻(Urtica dioica L.)(普通蕁麻,URTDI)。
於一些具體例中,2,4-D-膽鹼及嘉磷塞之鹽類之組合係使用來協同性控制商麻(Abutilon theophrasti)(絨毛葉(velvetleaf),ABUTH)、披鹼草(Elymus repens)(魁克麥草(quackgrass),AGRRE)、長芒莧(Amaranthus palmeri)(長芒莧(Palmer amaranth),AMAPA)、豬草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia)(豬草(common ragweed),AMBEL)、闊葉鴨舌廣舅(Spermacoce latifolia)(闊葉鈕扣草(broadleaf buttonweed),BOILF)、伏生臂形草(Brachiaria decumbens)(蘇利南草(Surinam grass),BRADC)、藜(Chenopodium album)(常見的藜(lambsquarter),CHEAL)、
圓葉鴨跖草(Commelina benghalensis)(毛鴨跖草(hairy wandering Jew),COMBE)、飛揚草(Euphorbia hirta)(庭園大戟草(garden spurge),EPHHI)、白苞猩猩草(Euphorbia heterophylla)(野生猩猩木,EPHHL)、美州假蓬(Conyza bonariensis)(多毛飛蓬,ERIBO)、加拿大蓬(Conyza canadensis)(加拿大飛蓬(horseweed),ERICA)、大豆(Glycine max)(大豆,耐嘉磷塞,GLXMA)、大花牽牛(Ipomoea grandifolia)((Corda-de-viola),IAQGR)、長梗毛娥房藤(Jacquemontia tamnifolia)(小花牽牛花,IAQTA)、蔦蘿(Ipomoea quamoclit)(蔦蘿牽牛花(cypress vine morningglory),IPOQU)、蕹菜屬(Ipomoea)物種(牽牛花(morningglory),IPOSS)、濱蘿蔔(Raphanus raphanistrim)(野蘿蔔(wild radish),RAPRA)、高大田菁(Sesbania exaltata)(大麻田菁,SEBEX),以及羽芒菊(Tridax procumbensL.)(長柄菊(tridax daisy),TRQPR)。
2,4-D-膽鹼及嘉磷塞之鹽類可以用來控制除草劑抗性或耐受性的雜草。本文所說明之使用2,4-D-膽鹼及嘉磷塞之鹽類之組合的方法及組成物亦可以使用來控制除草劑抗性或耐受性的雜草。例示性的抗性或耐受性的雜草包括但不限於,對於以下具抗性或耐受性之生物型:乙醯乳酸合成酶(ALS)或乙醯羥酸合成酶(AHAS)抑制劑(例如,咪唑啉酮類、磺醯脲類、嘧啶基硫代苯甲酸酯類、二甲氧嘧啶類、三唑嘧啶磺醯胺類、磺醯胺基羰基三唑啉酮類)、光合系統II抑制劑(例如,苯胺甲酸酯類、嗒酮類
(pyridazinones)、三氮類、三氮酮類(triazinones)、尿嘧啶類、醯胺類、脲類、苯并硫二氮酮類(benzothiadiazinones)、腈類、苯嗒類)、乙醯CoA羧酶(ACCase)抑制劑(例如,芳氧苯氧基丙酸類、環己二酮類、苯基吡唑啉類)、合成性生長激素(例如,苯甲酸類、苯氧羧酸類、吡啶羧酸類、喹啉羧酸類)、生長激素運輸抑制劑(例如,鄰苯甲醯胺甲酸類、縮胺脲類)、光合系統I抑制劑(例如,聯吡啶類(bipyridyliums))、5-烯醇式丙酮莽草酸-3-磷酸(EPSP)合成酶抑制劑(例如,嘉磷塞)、麩醯胺合成酶抑制劑(例如,草銨膦、拜阿拉弗斯(bialafos))、微管組裝抑制劑(例如,苯甲醯胺類、苯甲酸類、二硝苯胺類、胺基磷酸酯類(phosphoramidates)、吡啶類)、有絲分裂抑制劑(例如,胺甲酸酯類)、非常長鏈脂肪酸(VLCFA)抑制劑(例如,乙醯胺類、氯乙醯胺類、氧乙醯胺類、四唑啉酮類(tetrazolinones))、脂肪酸和脂質合成抑制劑(例如,二硫代磷酸酯類(phosphorodithioates)、硫胺甲酸酯類、苯并呋喃類、氯碳酸類)、原卟啉原氧化酶(PPO)抑制劑(例如,二苯醚類(diphenylethers)、N-苯酞醯亞胺類、二唑類、唑啶二酮類、苯吡唑類、嘧啶雙酮類(pyrimidinediones)、噻二唑類、三唑啉酮類(triazolinones))、類胡蘿蔔素生合成抑制劑(例如,可滅蹤(clomazone)、殺草強(amitrole)、苯草醚(aclonifen))、八氫番茄紅素去飽和酶(PDS)抑制劑(例如,醯胺類、苯胺(anilidex)、呋喃酮類、苯氧丁醯胺類(phenoxybutanamides)、噠嗪酮類(pyridiazinones)、吡啶類)、4-羥基苯基-丙酮酸-
雙氧合酶(HPPD)抑制劑(例如,紅千層類(callistemones)、異唑類、吡唑類、三酮類)、纖維素生合成抑制劑(例如,腈類、苯甲醯胺類、快克草(quinclorac)、三唑醯胺類)、具多重作用模式之除草劑例如快克草,以及未分類的除草劑例如芳基胺基丙酸、野燕枯(difenzoquat)、藻草滅(endothal),和有機砷劑。範例性抗性或耐受性的雜草包括,但不限於,對單一或多重除草劑具抗性或耐受性的生物型、對單一或多重化學藥品種類具抗性或耐受性的生物型、對單一或多重除草劑作用模式具抗性或耐受性的生物型,以及具單一或多重抗性或耐受性機制的生物型(例如,標的位置抗性或代謝抗性)。
於某些具體例中,使用2,4-D-膽鹼及嘉磷塞之鹽類係使用來控制ABUTH、AGRRE、AMAPA、AMBEL、BOILF、BRADC、CHEAL、COMBE、EPHHI、EPHHL、ERIBO、ERICA、GLXMA、IAQGR、IAQTA、IPOQU、IPOSS、RAPRA、SEBEX以及TRQPR。
本文所說明之組成物及方法亦可以結合,舉例而言嘉磷塞、5-烯醇式丙酮莽草酸-3-磷酸(EPSP)合成酶抑制劑、麩醯胺合成酶抑制劑、麥草畏、苯氧基生長激素、吡啶氧基生長激素、合成性生長激素、生長激素運輸抑制劑、芳氧苯氧基丙酸、環己二酮、苯基吡唑啉、ACCase抑制劑、咪唑啉酮、磺醯脲、嘧啶基硫代苯甲酸酯、二甲氧-嘧啶、三唑嘧啶磺醯胺、磺醯胺基羰基三唑啉酮、ALS或乙醯羥酸(acetohydroxy acid)合成酶(AHAS)抑制劑、HPPD抑制劑、
PDS抑制劑、類胡蘿蔔素生合成抑制劑、PPO抑制劑、纖維素生合成抑制劑、有絲分裂抑制劑、微管抑制劑、非常長鏈脂肪酸抑制劑、脂肪酸和脂質生合成抑制劑、光合系統I抑制劑、光合系統II抑制劑、三氮以及溴苯腈,而使用來控制耐嘉磷塞、2,4-D-及草銨膦之大豆、玉米或棉花中非所欲的植被,其亦可以兼備提供以下的性狀:麥草畏耐受性(例如DMO)、吡啶氧基生長激素耐受性(例如aad-12、aad-13)、生長激素耐受性、生長激素運輸抑制劑耐受性、乙醯CoA羧酶(ACCase)抑制劑除草劑耐受性[例如,芳氧苯氧基丙酸、環己二酮及苯基吡唑啉化學品(如,各種ACCase基因及aad-1基因)]、乙醯乳酸合成酶(ALS)抑制除草劑耐受性(例如,咪唑啉酮、磺醯脲、三唑嘧啶磺醯胺、嘧啶基硫代苯甲酸酯(pyrmidinylthiobenzoate),及其他化學品=AHAS、Csr1、SurA)、4-羥基苯基-丙酮酸雙氧合酶(HPPD)抑制劑耐受性、八氫番茄紅素去飽和酶(PDS)抑制劑耐受性(例如,pds、CYP1A1、CYP2B6、CYP2C19)、類胡蘿蔔素生合成抑制劑耐受性、原卟啉原氧化酶(PPO)抑制劑耐受性、纖維素生合成抑制劑耐受性(例如,ixr2-1、CYP1A1)、有絲分裂抑制劑耐受性、微管組裝抑制劑耐受性、非常長鏈脂肪酸(VLCFA)抑制劑耐受性(例如,CYP1A1、CYP2B6,、CYP2C19)、脂肪酸和脂質合成抑制劑耐受性(例如CYP1A1)、光合系統I抑制劑耐受性(例如SOD)、光合系統II抑制劑(三氮、腈類,及苯脲化學品)耐受性(例如,psbA、CYP1A1、CYP2B6、CYP2C19,及Bxn),於作物內(例如但不限於,大豆、玉米、
棉花、芥花籽油/油菜(canola/oilseed rape)、稻米、穀類、高梁、向日葵、甜菜、甘蔗及草皮)。該等組成物及方法可以使用於控制擁有單一或多重或是疊加的性狀的大豆、玉米或棉花內非所欲的植被,該等單一或多重或是疊加的性狀賦予單一或多重化學品及/或單一或多重作用模式之抑制劑的耐受性。於一些具體例中,嘉磷塞之鹽類、2,4-D-膽鹼及草銨膦銨鹽係組合以選擇用於要處理大豆、玉米或棉花,且補足由此等化合物在施用的比例下所控制的雜草範圍之除草劑來使用。於一些具體例中,本文所說明之組成物及其他互補性除草劑以作為組成調配物或是作為桶混合物之一者方法而於同時施用,或相繼地施用。
所說明的具體例和下列的實施例係為了闡釋的目的以及不打算限制申請專利範圍之範疇。關於本文中所說明之組成物的其他修飾、用途,或是組合,對於熟悉此藝者會是明顯的,而不背離所主張的主題之精神和範疇。
溫室試驗係於控制環境的溫室條件下進行,以及植物係生長於Metromix土壤的盆內,且於底部澆水。處理係以每種處理有3重複的方式來施用,以每平方英吋40磅(PSI)來使用具有二個扁平扇形噴嘴(flat fan nozzles)之軌道式噴灑器。水係以每公頃140公升(L/ha)使用作為稀釋劑,且雜草達2-4葉階段且大概3英吋高時,用於處理。
田間試驗係於正常田間條件(field condition)下於下列地點進行:美國的多個州,包括但不限於,阿拉巴馬州、密西西比州、南卡羅來納州和田納西州,以及巴西,包括但不限於以下各州:Goiás、Mato Grosso、Paraná、Rio Grande do Sul,及Saõ Paulo。將試驗安排為RCB(隨機完全區塊)設計,每種處理有3-4重複,且小塊土地之尺寸從2-3公尺(m)寬乘上4-8m長。處理係以小型小塊土地背包噴灑器來施用,使用加壓的二氧化碳(CO2)作為推進物。壓力由22PSI變化至40PSI,且噴灑器尖端典型為扁平扇形、以150L/ha來施用水稀釋劑。臂寬度之尺寸由2公尺變化至3公尺。將處理施用至大豆、棉花或休耕農田。雜草的大小不相同,但是所有的處理均作為萌芽後處理施用至高度由2英吋變化至15英吋之2葉到2分蘖的生長階段的雜草。施用至田間的處理沒有混合以額外的佐劑。
雜草群譜列(spectrum)包括,但不限於:商麻(Abutilon theophrasti)(絨毛葉(velvetleaf),ABUTH)、披鹼草(Elymus repens)(魁克麥草(quackgrass),AGRRE)、長芒莧(Amaranthus palmeri)(長芒莧(Palmer amaranth),AMAPA)、豬草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia)(豬草(common ragweed),AMBEL)、闊葉鴨舌廣舅(Spermacoce latifolia)(闊葉鈕扣草(broadleaf buttonweed),BOILF)、伏生臂形草(Brachiaria decumbens)(蘇利南草(Surinam grass),BRADC)、藜(Chenopodium album)(常見的藜(lambsquarter),CHEAL)、圓葉鴨跖草(Commelina benghalensis)(毛鴨跖草(hairy
wandering Jew),COMBE)、飛揚草(Euphorbia hirta)(庭園大戟草(garden spurge),EPHHI)、白苞猩猩草(Euphorbia heterophylla)(野生猩猩木,EPHHL)、美州假蓬(Conyza bonariensis)(多毛飛蓬,ERIBO)、加拿大蓬(Conyza canadensis)(加拿大飛蓬(horseweed),ERICA)、大豆(Glycine max)(大豆,耐嘉磷塞,GLXMA)、大花牽牛(Ipomoea grandifolia)((Corda-de-viola),IAQGR)、長梗毛娥房藤(Jacquemontia tamnifolia)(小花牽牛花,IAQTA)、蔦蘿(Ipomoea quamoclit)(蔦蘿牽牛花(cypress vine morningglory),IPOQU)、蕹菜屬(Ipomoea)物種(牽牛花(morningglory),IPOSS)、濱蘿蔔(Raphanus raphanistrim)(野蘿蔔(wild radish),RAPRA)、高大田菁(Sesbania exaltata)(大麻田菁,SEBEX),以及羽芒菊(Tridax procumbens L.)(長柄菊(tridax daisy),TRQPR)。
經處理的小塊土地與對照的小塊土地在施用之後,以各種間隔進行盲評定(rated blind)。評定是以可見的控制的百分比(%)為基礎,其中0係相對應於查看時無可見的效用,如同藉由雜草控制或作物損傷(crop injury)來舉例說明,以及100係相對應於完全殺死標的雜草或完全的作物損傷。
使用寇比(Colby)方程式來判定自該等混合物所預期的除草性效應(Colby,S.R.Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic response of herbicide
combinations.Weeds 1967,15,20-22.)。使用t檢定法(α=0.05)來檢定寇比預測和觀察的組合之間的顯著差異,此指示出協同作用或拮抗作用。表內呈現的結果根據所述的準則是顯著的。
下列方程式係用於計算含有二種活性成份,A與B之混合物的預期活性:預期值=A+B-(A x B/100)
A=活性成分A在如該混合物中所用相同的濃度下,所觀察到的效能;B=活性成分B在如該混合物中所用相同的濃度下,所觀察到的效能。
結果總結於表1-5內。
嘉磷塞-DMA=嘉磷塞二甲銨或N-(膦酸基甲基)甘胺酸(嘉磷塞)之二甲銨鹽
ABUTH=商麻(Abutilon theophrasti)(絨毛葉(velvetleaf))
AGRRE=披鹼草(Elymus repens)(魁克麥草(quackgrass))
AMAPA=長芒莧(Amaranthus palmeri)(長芒莧(Palmer amaranth))
AMBEL=豬草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia)(豬草(common ragweed))
BOILF=闊葉鴨舌廣舅(Spermacoce latifolia)(闊葉鈕扣草(broadleaf buttonweed))
BRADC=伏生臂形草(Brachiaria decumbens)(蘇利南草(Surinam grass))
CHEAL=藜(Chenopodium album)(常見的藜(lambsquarter))
COMBE=圓葉鴨跖草(Commelina benghalensis)(毛鴨跖草(hairy wandering Jew))
EPHHI=飛揚草(Euphorbia hirta)(庭園大戟草(garden spurge))
EPHHL=白苞猩猩草(Euphorbia heterophylla)(野生猩猩木)
ERIBO=美州假蓬(Conyza bonariensis)(多毛飛蓬)
ERICA=加拿大蓬(Conyza canadensis)(加拿大飛蓬(horseweed))
GLXMA=大豆(Glycine max)(大豆,耐嘉磷塞)
IAQGR=大花牽牛(Ipomoea grandifolia)(Corda-de-viola)
IAQTR=長梗毛娥房藤(Jacquemontia tamnifolia)(小花牽牛花,IAQTA)
IPOQU=蔦蘿(Ipomoea quamoclit)(蔦蘿牽牛花(cypress vine morningglory)
IPOSS=蕹菜屬(Ipomoea)物種(牽牛花(morningglory)物種)
RAPRA=濱蘿蔔(Raphanus raphanistrim)(野蘿蔔(wild radish))
SEBEX=高大田菁(Sesbania exaltata)(大麻田菁)
TRQPR=羽芒菊(Tridax procumbens)(長柄菊(Tridax daisy))
g ae/ha=每公頃之克酸當量
DAA=施用後的天數
本文說明之特定組成物和方法不會限制附隨的申請專利範圍之組成物和方法之範疇,本文說明之特定組成物和方法意欲闡釋申請專利範圍的一些態樣,以及任何功能均等的組成物和方法意欲落入申請專利範圍的範疇。本文顯示和說明之該等組成物和方法之外的組成物和方法之修飾係意欲落入附隨的申請專利範圍的範疇。再者,縱然僅特別說明本文揭示的某些代表性組成材料和方法步驟,但是未特別引述,其他的組成材料和方法步驟之組合即使亦意欲落入附隨的申請專利範圍的範疇。因而,本文可以明白地提及步驟、元件、組分,或成分之組合;然而,即使未明白地說明,亦包括其他的步驟、元件、組分,或成分之組合。當使用於本文中,術語“包含(comprising)”及其變異係與術語“包括(including)”及其變異為同義詞性質的使用,以及為開放式、非限制性術語。縱然本文中已經使用術語“包含(comprising)”及“包括(including)”來說明各種具體例,但是能使用術語“實質上由...構成(consisting essentially of)”及“由...構成(consisting of)”來代替“包含(comprising)”及“包括(including)”以提供本發明之更特定的具體例及已經揭示的。除了實例,或是另外提出之處,要瞭解到說明書及申請專利範圍中所有表達成分的量、反應
條件,諸如此類的數字無論如何,且未試圖限制申請專利範圍的範疇應用均等論,要按照有效位數的數字及一般捨入方法來解釋。
Claims (28)
- 一種用於控制非所欲的植被之組成物,其含有一混合物,該混合物包含協同性、除草有效量之以下物質:(a)2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸之膽鹼鹽(2,4-D-膽鹼)
以及(b)N-(膦酸基甲基)甘胺酸(嘉磷塞(glyphosate))之鹽類 - 如請求項1之組成物,其中該嘉磷塞之鹽類係選自於以下所構成的群組:鉀鹽、異丙銨(IPA)鹽、單乙醇銨(monoethanolammonium)(MEA)鹽、單甲銨(MMA)鹽、二甲銨(DMA)鹽,以及其等之組合。
- 如請求項2之組成物,其中該鹽類為該二甲銨鹽。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該(a)對該(b)之重量比係由大約1:90至90:1,由大約1:45至大約23:1,或是由大約1:11至11:1。
- 如請求項1-4中任一項之組成物,其進一步包含除草有效量之一額外的除草劑。
- 如請求項1-5中任一項之組成物,其進一步包含一農業 上可接受的佐劑。
- 一種控制非所欲的植被之方法,其包含令該非所欲的植被或其所在地或是水或土壤,與如請求項1之組成物接觸。
- 如請求項7之方法,其中該組成物於萌芽後施用至該非所欲的植被或作物。
- 如請求項7之方法,其中該嘉磷塞之鹽類係選自於以下所構成的群組:鉀鹽、異丙銨(IPA)鹽、單乙醇銨(MEA)鹽、單甲銨(MMA)鹽、二甲銨(DMA)鹽,以及其等之組合。
- 如請求項9之方法,其中該嘉磷塞之鹽類為二甲銨(DMA)鹽。
- 如請求項7-10中任一項之方法,其中該(a)對該(b)之重量比係由大約1:90至90:1,由大約1:45至大約23:1,或是由大約1:11至11:1。
- 如請求項7-11中任一項之方法,其中該(a)及該(b)係同時施用。
- 如請求項7-11中任一項之方法,其中該(a)及該(b)係相繼地施用。
- 如請求項7-13中任一項之方法,其中協同作用(synergy)係由寇比(Colby)方程式來判定。
- 如請求項7-14中任一項之方法,其中該非所欲的植被包含具除草劑抗性或耐受性的雜草。
- 如請求項15之方法,其中該抗性或耐受性的雜草為對於 單一或多重除草劑,或是單一或多重化學藥品種類,或是單一或多重除草劑作用模式之抑制劑具有抗性或耐受性的生物型。
- 如請求項15或16之方法,其中該抗性或耐受性的雜草為對於以下具抗性或耐受性之生物型:乙醯乳酸合成酶(ALS)或乙醯羥酸合成酶(AHAS)抑制劑、光合系統II抑制劑、乙醯CoA羧酶(ACCase)抑制劑、光合系統I抑制劑、5-烯醇式丙酮莽草酸-3-磷酸(5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate)(EPSP)合成酶抑制劑、微管組裝(assembly)抑制劑、脂質合成抑制劑、原卟啉原氧化酶(PPO)抑制劑、類胡蘿蔔素生物合成抑制劑、非常長鏈脂肪酸(VLCFA)抑制劑、八氫番茄紅素去飽和酶(PDS)抑制劑、麩醯胺合成酶抑制劑、4-羥基苯基丙酮酸雙氧合酶(HPPD)抑制劑、有絲分裂抑制劑、纖維素生物合成抑制劑、具多重作用模式之除草劑、快克草(quinclorac)、芳基胺基丙酸、野燕枯(difenzoquat)、藻草滅(endothal),或是有機砷劑(organoarsenicals)。
- 如請求項7-17中任一項之方法,其進一步包含令該非所欲的植被與除草有效量之額外的除草劑接觸。
- 如請求項7-18中任一項之方法,其中該非所欲的植被係在非作物、多年生作物、結果實作物(fruiting crops),或是造林地作物區域中,該方法包含接觸該非作物、多年生作物、結果實作物,或是造林地作物區域中之該非所欲的植被或其所在地。
- 如請求項19之方法,其中該非所欲的植被係在非作物區域中,以及該非作物區域為牧草地、草地、牧場、休耕地、有樹籬的柵欄(fencerow)、停車場、儲油場、儲存區、公用路線穿越用地(right-of-way)、公用事業區域(utility area)、草皮、林業、水生植物、工業植被管理(IVM)或是休耕地層(fallow-bed)。
- 如請求項19之方法,其中該非所欲的植被係在種植作物以前進行接觸。
- 如請求項19之方法,其中該非所欲的植被係在多年生作物區域中,且當接觸該非所欲的植被時,不會接觸該多年生作物之群葉(foliage)。
- 如請求項22之方法,其中該多年生作物為樹和藤蔓果樹園(vine orchard)。
- 如請求項23之方法,其中該樹和藤蔓果樹園係選自於柑橘、葡萄、杏仁(almond)、蘋果、杏(apricot)、酪梨、山毛櫸堅果(beechnut)、巴西栗子、白胡桃、腰果、櫻桃、栗子、毛枝栗(chinquapin)、柑橘、小蘋果類(crab apple)、棗(date)、鳳梨番石榴(feijoa)、無花果、榛子、山胡桃堅果(hickory nut)、奇異果、檸檬、萊姆、枇杷、澳洲胡桃(macadamia nut)、山楂(mayhaw)、油桃、橄欖、柳橙、桃子、梨、美國山胡桃(pecan)、柿、阿月渾子(pistachio)、李、石榴、仁果、乾果李(prune)、榅桲(quince)、核果、堅果(tree nut),以及胡桃(walnut)。
- 如請求項19之方法,其中該非所欲的植被係在結果實作 物區域中,且當接觸該非所欲的植被時,不會接觸該結果實作物之群葉。
- 如請求項25之方法,其中該結果實作物係選自於藍莓、番石榴、木瓜、草莓、芋頭、黑莓(blackberries)以及樹莓(raspberries)。
- 如請求項19之方法,其中該非所欲的植被係在造林地作物區域中,且當接觸該非所欲的植被時,不會接觸該造林地作物之群葉。
- 如請求項26之方法,其中該造林地作物係選自於咖啡、可可、橡膠以及棕櫚油。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US201361919135P | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 |
Publications (1)
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| TW201528951A true TW201528951A (zh) | 2015-08-01 |
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| US (1) | US20150173371A1 (zh) |
| AR (1) | AR098864A1 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW201528951A (zh) |
| UY (1) | UY35896A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2015094910A1 (zh) |
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| US11589583B2 (en) | 2013-12-03 | 2023-02-28 | Fmc Corporation | Pyrrolidinones herbicides |
| CA2980643C (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2023-10-17 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aryl substituted bicyclic compounds as herbicides |
| BR112017022743B1 (pt) | 2015-05-29 | 2022-02-22 | Fmc Corporation | Composto, composições herbicidas, mistura de herbicidas e método para controlar o crescimento de vegetação indesejada |
| CN107709310B (zh) | 2015-06-02 | 2021-09-24 | Fmc公司 | 取代的环酰胺及其作为除草剂的用途 |
| WO2017027250A1 (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2017-02-16 | Rhodia Operations | Choline salt and ammonium-free adjuvants for water conditioning and agricultural formulations |
| BR112019000803B1 (pt) * | 2016-07-22 | 2022-11-08 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Composição herbicida e método de controle de erva daninha |
| CA3047724A1 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-28 | Fmc Corporation | Nitrone herbicides |
| UA126576C2 (uk) * | 2017-03-21 | 2022-11-02 | ЕфЕмСі КОРПОРЕЙШН | Гербіцидна суміш, композиція та спосіб |
| KR102620213B1 (ko) | 2017-03-21 | 2024-01-03 | 에프엠씨 코포레이션 | 피롤리디논 및 이의 제조 방법 |
| AR111967A1 (es) | 2017-05-30 | 2019-09-04 | Fmc Corp | Amidas herbicidas |
| AR111839A1 (es) | 2017-05-30 | 2019-08-21 | Fmc Corp | Lactamas 3-sustituidas herbicidas |
| AR112764A1 (es) | 2017-07-24 | 2019-12-11 | Spogen Biotech Inc | Enzimas detoxificantes de herbicidas y sus usos |
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| JPS5839127B2 (ja) * | 1978-03-09 | 1983-08-27 | 明治製菓株式会社 | 除草剤組成物 |
| JP2010100611A (ja) * | 2008-09-26 | 2010-05-06 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | ピリジン化合物及びその有害生物の防除用途 |
| RU2543281C2 (ru) * | 2009-03-11 | 2015-02-27 | Акцо Нобель Н.В. | Состав гербицида, содержащий глифосат и алкоксилированные глицериды (варианты) и способ борьбы с нежелательной растительностью |
| US20110190130A1 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-04 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | Synergistic herbicidal composition containing aminopyralid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid |
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- 2014-12-11 US US14/567,574 patent/US20150173371A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-12-11 WO PCT/US2014/069777 patent/WO2015094910A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2014-12-17 TW TW103144055A patent/TW201528951A/zh unknown
- 2014-12-19 AR ARP140104799A patent/AR098864A1/es unknown
- 2014-12-19 UY UY0001035896A patent/UY35896A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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| US20150173371A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
| AR098864A1 (es) | 2016-06-22 |
| UY35896A (es) | 2015-07-31 |
| WO2015094910A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
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