TW201432143A - Adjustment device for adjusting inclination of a wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an adjustment device for adjusting inclination of a wind turbine which includes a base, a blade unit including multiple blades and each blade having an adjustment unit, a detection unit connected with the blade unit so as to detect the azimuth angle of the blades relative to the axis, and a processing unit connected with the detection unit and the adjustment unit so as to drive the adjustment units to control the pre-set pitch angles of the wind turbine blades relative to the azimuth angle. The pitch angles are increased from the initial value toward positive or negative direction, or maintained the pitch angles at the first and second critical values according to the upwind or downwind status of the blades to increase the ability of automatically activated and reduce possibility of stalling, and obtain high efficiency of power generation.

Description

Wind power pitch angle adjustment mechanism

The invention relates to a wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism, in particular to a vertical axis wind power generator, which detects the angular position of the ring field of the blade and adjusts the blade to a predetermined pitch angle, so as to improve the self-starting capability. Overall power generation efficiency, as well as reducing the occurrence of stall situations.

In recent years, the issue of global warming and energy shortage has become more and more important. In order to avoid the disaster caused by climate change and the exhaustion of energy, countries are actively developing renewable energy sources that reduce environmental pollution and have efficient power generation, including solar energy and wind energy. , geothermal energy, hydropower, tidal energy, etc., for wind power, the main system can be divided into horizontal axis and vertical axis, in contrast, vertical axis wind turbine (Vertical Axis Wind Turbines, referred to as VAWT It is less affected by changes in wind direction and has the advantages of easy erection and low noise.

However, the conventional vertical-axis wind turbine actually has a situation in which it is difficult to start by itself, which leads to the lack of efficiency of wind energy extraction. See Figures 1 and 2 for the rotation of the wind turbine. Cycle, the tip speed ratio and the torsion coefficient are analyzed. In the figure, α represents the relative attack angle of the blade, θ represents the angular position of the ring field, λ represents the tip speed ratio, CQ represents the torque coefficient, and the tip speed ratio shows a certain wind speed. Under the parameter of the high and low speed of the wind turbine, when the tip speed ratio λ is less than 3, the blade of the wind turbine rotating at a specific position has an excessive angle of attack α, and the wind has insufficient kinetic energy to start the rotation of the blade or maintain a fixed rotation speed.

Referring again to Figure 2, it is apparent that the vertical axis wind turbine is rotating. At one cycle, there will be at least one region of negative torsion, that is, the wind turbine starts to rotate from the positive torsion region. Once it is transferred to the negative torsion region, the rotation speed of the blade is slowed due to the negative torsion, and the rotation cannot be continued. In other words, the conventional vertical-axis wind turbine generates a negative torsion region when rotating to a certain angle under static or low-speed conditions, which causes the vertical-axis wind turbine to be unable to start by itself, and increases the high-speed rotation. Difficulty.

In view of this, our inventors are concentrating on further studying the structure of vertical-axis wind turbines, and proceeding with research and development and improvement, with a better design to solve the above problems, and after continuous trial and modification, The invention came out.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to improve the situation that the conventional vertical-axis wind turbine is difficult to start by itself, and the difficulty of high-speed rotation, thereby reducing the lack of wind energy extraction efficiency and problems.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention mainly provides a wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism, comprising: a base, which is provided with a blade group, the blade group has a plurality of blades, and the blade systems are respectively provided with an adjusting unit, the adjusting a unit for controlling the pitch angle of the blades; a detecting unit coupled to the blade group and detecting an angular position of the blades relative to the axis; and a processing unit coupled to the detecting The unit and the adjustment unit drive the adjustment unit to control the blades to respectively assume a predetermined pitch angle corresponding to the angular position of the annulus.

According to the wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism, the base is further vertically disposed with an axis, and the blade assembly ring is disposed on the axis and rotates around the axis, and the detecting unit is mounted Located in the axis.

According to the wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism, the blades are respectively provided with a rotating shaft, and the adjusting unit is coupled to the rotating shaft, and controls the rotating shaft to change the pitch angle of the blades.

The wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism according to the above, wherein the processing unit sets at least one control interval corresponding to the angular position of the ring field, and defines a wind direction axis and a normal direction of the wind direction axis in the control interval The axis, the wind direction axis is divided into a downwind section and a upwind section, and the normal axis is divided into a windward section and a leeward section, and the first section located in the upwind section and the windward section is located in the downwind. The segment and the windward segment are the second interval, and the pitch angle of the blade defines a first critical value in the first interval and the second interval, and the third segment in the downwind segment and the leeward segment is located in the upwind segment. And the leeward segment is a fourth interval, wherein the pitch angle of the blade defines a second threshold value in the third interval and the fourth interval, and defines a pitch angle of the blade perpendicular to the normal axis as a starting value And the angle of the pitch of the blade is in the first interval, the pitch angle is positively increasing from the initial value, and the pitch angle of the blade is at the first critical value to the normal direction Positive decrement between axes The pitch angle of the blade is negatively increasing between the normal axis and the second critical value, and when the angular position of the ring field is located in the fourth interval, the pitch angle is negatively decreased to The starting value.

The wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism according to the above, wherein the pitch angle is in a first interval up to a first threshold, and the first threshold is maintained to a second interval, and the pitch angle is in a third The interval reaches a second critical value and maintains the second critical value to the fourth interval.

According to the wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism described above, the first threshold value and the second threshold value are 70 degrees.

According to the wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism described above, the blades are symmetrical airfoils.

With the above arrangement, compared with the prior art, there is a difficulty in self-starting and high-speed rotation, which causes a lack of wind energy extraction efficiency. The present invention senses the angular position of the blade by the detecting unit. And using the processing unit to drive the adjusting unit to correspondingly control the blade to have a predetermined pitch angle according to the angular position of the ring field of the blade, in other words, via the The control section performs adjustment of the blade pitch angle such that the pitch angle increases in a positive or negative direction from the initial value, or maintains the pitch angle at a first critical value and a second critical value, particularly the blade group At rest or low speed, reduce the force area of the blade in the upwind section, and increase the force area of the blade in the downwind section, thereby reducing the relative angle of attack of the blade, which helps to reduce the occurrence of blade stall and make the blade The angular position of each ring field is maintained in the positive torque region, and further has the advantages and effects of greatly improving the self-starting capability and overall power generation efficiency.

〔this invention〕

1‧‧‧Base

11‧‧‧Axis

12‧‧‧ blade group

121‧‧‧ leaves

122‧‧‧ shaft

123‧‧‧Adjustment unit

2‧‧‧Detection unit

3‧‧‧Processing unit

Figure 1 is an angle of attack diagram of a conventional vertical axis wind turbine at a different tip speed.

Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the torque coefficient of a conventional vertical axis wind turbine in one rotation period.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a top plan view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the operation of the blade of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the pitch angle of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 8 is an angle of attack diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention compared to conventional ones.

Figure 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the angular position of the annulus and the torsion coefficient of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the pitch angle of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is an angle of attack diagram comparing a second embodiment of the present invention with a conventional one.

Figure 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the angular position of the ring field and the torsion coefficient of the second embodiment of the present invention.

The invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the invention.

First, referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 , a first embodiment of the present invention provides a wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism, comprising: a base 1 , a shaft 11 is vertically disposed, and a ring is disposed on the a blade group 12 at the periphery of the core 11 , the blade group 12 is rotated about the axis 11 , and the blade group 12 has a plurality of blades 121 , the blades 121 are symmetric airfoil, and the blades 121 are respectively provided with a a rotating shaft 122 and an adjusting unit 123 connecting the rotating shaft 122, wherein the adjusting unit 123 is a servo motor for controlling the rotation of the rotating shaft 122 to change the pitch angle β of the blades 121; a detecting unit 2, wherein the detecting unit 2 is The encoder is mounted on the shaft 11 and coupled to the blade set 12, and detects the angular position θ of the blades 121 with respect to the axis 11; and a processing unit 3 coupled to the shaft Detecting unit 2 and adjusting unit 123, and setting at least one control interval corresponding to the annular field angular position θ (please cooperate with FIG. 7), and defining a wind direction axis and a vertical direction axis in the control interval The normal axis, the wind direction axis is divided into a downwind segment and an inverse In the wind segment, the normal axis is divided into a windward segment and a leeward segment, and the processing unit 3 drives the adjusting unit 123 to perform the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal to control the blades 121. They are respectively at a predetermined pitch angle β corresponding to the angular position θ of the annulus.

Regarding the operation state of the first embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 7 again. When the blade group 12 is rotated for one cycle, the cycle is 360 degrees, and the ring field angular position θ is based on the blades 121. The relative relationship with the wind direction F is divided into a downwind section (corresponding to θ of 90 degrees to 270 degrees) and an upwind section (corresponding to θ being 0 degrees to 90 degrees, and 270 degrees to 360 degrees), And the ring field angular position θ is zero degrees by the y-axis, and the ring field angular position θ is positive when the blade set 12 is rotated counterclockwise, and further, the blade 121 is defined to be perpendicular to the normal axis. The pitch angle β is a starting value, the starting value is zero degrees, and the blade 121 is adjusted clockwise to an elevation angle, that is, the pitch angle β is positive, and is divided according to the blade 121 with respect to the wind direction F. In the windward direction, the blade 121 is adjusted counterclockwise to a depression angle, that is, the pitch angle β is negative, and is divided into a leeward segment according to the blade 121 with respect to the wind direction F, further defining that the blade 121 is located The windward section and the windward section are the first section, and the downwind section and the windward section are the second section, and the pitch angle β of the blade 121 defines a first critical value a in the first section and the second section, The first critical value a is 70 degrees, the third section is located between the downwind section and the leeward section, the fourth section is located in the upwind section and the leeward section, and the pitch angle β of the blade 121 is in the third section. And the fourth interval defines a second threshold b, the second threshold b It is 70 degrees.

By the way, when the annular field angular position θ of the blade 121 is located in the first interval, the pitch angle β is positively increased from the initial value, and the pitch angle β of the blade 121 is at the first critical point. The value a to the normal axis decreases in a positive direction, and the pitch angle β of the blade 121 increases in a negative direction from the normal axis to the second threshold b, and the ring field angular position θ of the blade 121 When the fourth interval is located, the pitch angle β decreases in a negative direction to the initial value; as shown in FIG. 8 , the present invention is compared with the conventional angle of attack curve in which the tip speed ratio λ is equal to 0. In the first embodiment, the processing unit 3 adjusts the blade 121 to a predetermined pitch angle β at the corresponding annulus angle position θ according to the control interval, and the blade relative to the angle of attack α is significantly reduced, thereby helping to reduce the blade stall. In the case of the wind energy extraction efficiency and self-starting ability.

In other words, after calculating the torque coefficient of the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, the pitch angle β of the blade 121 is controlled by the adjusting unit 123 according to the control interval, and the blade group 12 is controlled. A region of negative torsion does not occur during the rotation, that is, regardless of the blade 121 Rotating to the angular position θ of each ring field is maintained in the positive torque region, and the average torque coefficient is 0.13.

Regarding the operation state of the second embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 10 to FIG. 12, which is mainly different from the first embodiment in that the pitch angle β is in the first interval up to the first critical value a. And maintaining the first threshold value a to the second interval, and the pitch angle β is in the third interval up to the second threshold b, and maintaining the second threshold b to the fourth interval; When the blade group 12 is stationary, or is in a low rotation speed, that is, when the tip speed ratio λ is less than 1, the blade relative to the blade angle 121 is maintained at 6 degrees with respect to the blade 121 located in the upwind section, regardless of the ring field of the blade 121. The angle position θ is changed in the angle of the upwind section, and for the blade 121 located in the downwind section, the pitch angle β of the blade 121 is maintained as the first critical value a and the second critical value b, because the blade resistance is the blade tangential force The source of this increases the blade resistance and converts the increased blade tangential force into a positive torque.

The torque coefficient of the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 12, is also maintained in the positive torque region, and the average torque coefficient is 0.145, which is better than that of the first embodiment. 123 Controlling the pitch angle β maintains the first critical value a and the second critical value b in the downwind section, thereby increasing the blade resistance, converting the resistance into the blade tangential force, and greatly improving the self-starting capability.

Here, the inventors need to specifically mention that the control interval of the embodiments can be used as a reference, and the actual pitch angle β value can be scaled by the control interval, not the first The critical value a and the second critical value b are defined as 70 degrees.

It is apparent from the above description and arrangement that the present invention senses the annular field angular position θ of the blade 121 through the detecting unit 2, and drives the adjusting unit 123 to control the blade by the processing unit 3 according to the control interval of the embodiments. The pitch angle β is changed corresponding to the annular field angular position θ, especially when the blade group 12 is stationary or at a low rotational speed, so that it is located in the upwind segment (corresponding to θ being 0 degrees to 90 degrees, and 270 degrees to 360 degrees) Degree of blade 121 is reduced in force area, located in The blade 121 of the wind segment (corresponding to θ is 90 degrees to 270 degrees) increases the area of the force, so the present invention does improve the problem of the difficulty of starting the conventional vertical axis wind turbine, and the technical means of adjusting the pitch angle of the blade In order to reduce the relative angle of attack of the blade and maintain the positive torque region during the rotation, it helps to reduce the occurrence of blade stall and improve the efficiency of wind energy extraction, self-starting capability and overall power generation efficiency.

In summary, the technical means disclosed by the present invention can effectively solve the problems of the prior knowledge, achieve the intended purpose and efficacy, and are not found in the publication before publication, have not been publicly used, and have long-term progress, The invention referred to in the Patent Law is correct, and the application is filed according to law, and the company is invited to give a detailed examination and grant a patent for invention.

The above is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the contents of the invention are all It should remain within the scope of this invention.

1‧‧‧Base

11‧‧‧Axis

12‧‧‧ blade group

121‧‧‧ leaves

122‧‧‧ shaft

123‧‧‧Adjustment unit

2‧‧‧Detection unit

Claims (7)

A wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism includes: a base having a blade set, the blade set having a plurality of blades, wherein the blade sets are respectively provided with an adjusting unit for controlling a pitch angle of the blades; a detecting unit coupled to the blade set and detecting an angular position of the blade relative to the axis; and a processing unit coupled to the detecting unit and the adjusting unit respectively, and driving the adjusting unit The blades are controlled to have respective predetermined elevation angles corresponding to angular positions of the annulus. The wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the base is further disposed perpendicularly to an axis, and the blade set ring is disposed on the axis and rotates around the axis, and the The detecting unit is mounted on the shaft center. The wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the blades are respectively provided with a rotating shaft, and the adjusting unit is coupled to the rotating shaft, and controls the rotating shaft to change the pitch angle of the blades. . The wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the processing unit sets at least one control interval corresponding to the angular position of the ring field, and defines a wind direction axis and a vertical direction in the control interval. The normal axis of the wind direction axis, the wind direction axis system is divided into a downwind section and a upwind section, and the normal axis is divided into a windward section and a leeward section, and the first is located in the upwind section and the windward section. a section in which the downwind section and the windward section are the second section, and the pitch angle of the blade is in the first section and the second section A first critical value is defined, wherein the downwind section and the leeward section are the third section, and the upwind section and the leeward section are the fourth section, and the pitch angle of the blade is in the third section and the fourth section. Defining a second threshold value, and defining a pitch angle of the blade perpendicular to the normal axis as a starting value; wherein the pitch angle position of the blade is located in the first interval, the pitch angle system The pitch value is positively increasing from the initial value, and the pitch angle of the blade is positively decreasing between the first critical value and the normal axis, and the pitch angle of the blade is between the normal axis and the second critical value. In a negative direction, when the angular position of the ring field is located in the fourth interval, the pitch angle is negatively decreased to the initial value. The wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism according to claim 4, wherein the pitch angle is in a first interval to a first threshold value, and the first threshold value is maintained to a second interval, and the pitch is The horn is at a second threshold in the third interval and maintains the second threshold to the fourth interval. The wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism according to claim 4, wherein the first threshold value and the second threshold value are 70 degrees. The wind power pitch angle adjusting mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the blades are symmetrical airfoil.