TW201414779A - 固化熱固性樹脂之方法 - Google Patents
固化熱固性樹脂之方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201414779A TW201414779A TW102129537A TW102129537A TW201414779A TW 201414779 A TW201414779 A TW 201414779A TW 102129537 A TW102129537 A TW 102129537A TW 102129537 A TW102129537 A TW 102129537A TW 201414779 A TW201414779 A TW 201414779A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- carbon atoms
- resin
- peroxide
- group
- alkyl
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims abstract 3
- -1 ketone peroxide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical group CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical group CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-(2-hydroperoxybutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical group CCC(C)(OO)OOC(C)(CC)OO WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 2
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- SYBYTAAJFKOIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl iso-propyl ketone Natural products CC(C)C(C)=O SYBYTAAJFKOIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ICKWICRCANNIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 ICKWICRCANNIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SGWZVZZVXOJRAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Dimethyl-1,4-benzenediol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC(C)=C1O SGWZVZZVXOJRAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JZUHIOJYCPIVLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-1,5-diamine Chemical compound NCC(C)CCCN JZUHIOJYCPIVLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KSSJBGNOJJETTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N COC1=C(C=CC=C1)N(C1=CC=2C3(C4=CC(=CC=C4C=2C=C1)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1C=1C=CC(=CC=13)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC Chemical compound COC1=C(C=CC=C1)N(C1=CC=2C3(C4=CC(=CC=C4C=2C=C1)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1C=1C=CC(=CC=13)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC KSSJBGNOJJETTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-DUZGATOHSA-N D-isoascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-DUZGATOHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCC JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGNXCDMCOKJUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butylhydroquinone Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(O)=CC=C1O BGNXCDMCOKJUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetoacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(O)=O WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001341 alkaline earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadaverine Chemical compound NCCCCCN VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical group [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phthalate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N guaiacol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1O LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M rongalite Chemical compound [Na+].OCS([O-])=O XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CNHDIAIOKMXOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluquinol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC=C1O CNHDIAIOKMXOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CCHJMGDYNLOYKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,6-dimethylphenyl)hydrazine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1NN CCHJMGDYNLOYKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPBZZPOGZPKYKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxypropane Chemical compound CCOCC(C)OCC VPBZZPOGZPKYKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMBGOMJNYDJOBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)=[C-]C(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 OMBGOMJNYDJOBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-diaminooctane Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCN PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSOOIVBINKDISP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(CCC)OC(=O)C(C)=C HSOOIVBINKDISP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GODZNYBQGNSJJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminoethane-1,2-diol Chemical compound NC(O)CO GODZNYBQGNSJJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOZNCAMOIPYYIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminoethylideneazanium;acetate Chemical compound CC(N)=N.CC(O)=O ZOZNCAMOIPYYIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCUZDQXWVYNXHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4-trimethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCC(C)CC(C)(C)CN JCUZDQXWVYNXHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUZNLSBZRVZGIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinol Chemical compound CC1(C)CCCC(C)(C)N1O VUZNLSBZRVZGIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUFZRCJENRSRLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5-trimethylhydroquinone Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=C(C)C(C)=C1O AUFZRCJENRSRLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPRYUXCVCCNUFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(O)C(C)=C1 BPRYUXCVCCNUFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXVNBWAKAOHACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)C(C)C HXVNBWAKAOHACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZODKRWQWUWGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-di-tert-butylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(O)=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1O JZODKRWQWUWGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GXVUZYLYWKWJIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanamine Chemical compound NCCOCCN GXVUZYLYWKWJIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRCRJFOGPCJKPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC(O)=CC=C1O XRCRJFOGPCJKPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFUORMDHTDMTDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylhexanimidamide Chemical compound CCCCC(C(N)=N)CCCC JFUORMDHTDMTDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDWAWYVKEHKQBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylbutanimidamide Chemical compound CCC(CC)C(N)=N YDWAWYVKEHKQBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTWDKFNVVLAELH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)C=CC1=O VTWDKFNVVLAELH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDAJNMAAXXIADY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)C(N)=N NDAJNMAAXXIADY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTJOHISYCKPIMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylundecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(C)C GTJOHISYCKPIMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- HXIQYSLFEXIOAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-5-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1SC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C1C HXIQYSLFEXIOAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940044119 2-tert-butylhydroquinone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DXIJHCSGLOHNES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylbut-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 DXIJHCSGLOHNES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJZLSMMERMMQBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-ditert-butylbenzene-1,2-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 PJZLSMMERMMQBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXRGSJAOLKBZLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethenylazepan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1CCCCNC1=O MXRGSJAOLKBZLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMJBXEZHJUYJQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(aminomethyl)octane-1,8-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCC(CN)CCCN HMJBXEZHJUYJQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFVPEIKDMMISQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NFVPEIKDMMISQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYQGCJQJIOARKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-carboxy-TEMPO Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(C(O)=O)CC(C)(C)N1[O] CYQGCJQJIOARKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XESZUVZBAMCAEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylcatechol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 XESZUVZBAMCAEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 7,7-dimethyloctanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJXUFBUYCLOLBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(=N)N.CC(=O)C Chemical compound C(C)(=N)N.CC(=O)C MJXUFBUYCLOLBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQNZHHDHFGMLAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(=O)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=N)N Chemical compound C(C)(=O)C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=N)N CQNZHHDHFGMLAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C2C3CC=CC3C1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001174 Diethylhydroxylamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 description 1
- SGVYKUFIHHTIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutylhexyl Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)C SGVYKUFIHHTIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002211 L-ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000069 L-ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192627 Naphthoquinone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000604 Polyethylene Glycol 200 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DFPOZTRSOAQFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N S,S-dimethyl-beta-propiothetin Chemical compound C[S+](C)CCC([O-])=O DFPOZTRSOAQFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000561 Twaron Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001346 alkyl aryl ethers Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FYXUWAUAQLCSGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenecarboximidamide methane Chemical compound C.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=N)N FYXUWAUAQLCSGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKJWYKGYGWOAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) carbonate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)OCC=C JKJWYKGYGWOAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- RGTXVXDNHPWPHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CC(N)CCN RGTXVXDNHPWPHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N caproic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCCCC(=O)OCC SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TXGVDTJWMZUNMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclodecanamine Chemical class NC1CCCCCCCCC1 TXGVDTJWMZUNMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEQHKFFSPGPGLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCCC(N)C1 GEQHKFFSPGPGLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCC(N)CC1 VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCN YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCO FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHDZMONMPFKUJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,9-diamine Chemical compound CC(N)CCCCCCCCN DHDZMONMPFKUJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVXOPEOQUQWRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP([O-])OCCCC BVXOPEOQUQWRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCQFCFPECQILOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(O)(=O)OCC UCQFCFPECQILOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaniline Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVCOIAYSJZGECG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylhydroxylamine Chemical compound CCN(O)CC FVCOIAYSJZGECG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFTYSVGGYOXFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,12-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCN QFTYSVGGYOXFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KAJGDCBZEUMHEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane;n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CC.CNC KAJGDCBZEUMHEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWBOPFCKHIJFMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl) ether Chemical compound NCCOCCOCCN IWBOPFCKHIJFMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJCSPXHYDFONPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N etoac etoac Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O.CCOC(C)=O OJCSPXHYDFONPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 229960001867 guaiacol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPLXGDGIXIJNQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCCC(N)CCN RPLXGDGIXIJNQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYQBVSXBLGKEDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CCC(N)CCCN HYQBVSXBLGKEDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTBMQKZEIICCCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,5-diamine Chemical compound CC(N)CCCCN XTBMQKZEIICCCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001867 hydroperoxy group Chemical group [*]OO[H] 0.000 description 1
- VKPSKYDESGTTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isododecane Natural products CC(C)(C)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C VKPSKYDESGTTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XRUBVIFOJBPLCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C.C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XRUBVIFOJBPLCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYVGXEWAOAAJEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,4-trimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 GYVGXEWAOAAJEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005609 naphthenate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002791 naphthoquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-dicarboxybenzene Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTLDLKLSNZMTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octahydro-1h-4,7-methanoindene-1,5-diyldimethanol Chemical compound C1C2C3C(CO)CCC3C1C(CO)C2 OTLDLKLSNZMTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005474 octanoate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTSXICLFTPPDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCC(N)CCN WTSXICLFTPPDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEICEJLUNGARHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CC(N)CCCN UEICEJLUNGARHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPXCHPSTROLSJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentanimidamide Chemical compound CCCCC(N)=N LPXCHPSTROLSJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930015698 phenylpropene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JWUXJYZVKZKLTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetone amine Natural products CC1(C)CC(=O)CC(C)(C)N1 JWUXJYZVKZKLTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/29—Compounds containing one or more carbon-to-nitrogen double bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/14—Peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- C08K5/175—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds containing COOH-groups; Esters or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/06—Unsaturated polyesters
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本發明係關於一種固化熱固性樹脂之方法,其包括使該樹脂與(i)一或多種具有以下結構之亞胺及(ii)過氧化物接觸的步驟:□其中,y=0或1,z=1至4,且y+z≧2;X係獨立地選自O、S、P、NH、N-R1及N-OH;R1係選自含2至18個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈、環狀、二環狀或三環狀伸烷基、含6至12個碳原子之伸芳基及含2至18個碳原子之伸芳烷基;R2至R5係個別地選自氫、含1至18個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈烷基、含3至12個碳原子之環烷基、含6至12個碳原子之芳基、含6至18個碳原子之芳烷基、含1至6個碳原子之烷氧基及芳氧基;該等R基團中之各者可視需要經含O、S、Si、P或N之取代基取代,R4與R5;R3與R4;R2、R5及R1與R3可視需要形成環。
Description
本發明係關於一種固化熱固性樹脂之方法。習知使用包含氧化劑(例如過氧化物)及作為加速劑之可溶性過渡金屬離子錯合物之氧化還原系統來固化該等樹脂。該加速劑用於提高該氧化劑在較低溫度下的活性,從而加快固化速率。
典型的加速劑包含過渡金屬鹽或錯合物。用於此目的的最常用過渡金屬係鈷。然而,由於鈷的毒性,法規要求減少其使用量。
因此,希望提供無Co加速劑。揭示該等無Co加速劑系統之文獻實例係WO 2008/003492、WO 2008/003793及WO 2008/003500。此等文獻之加速劑系統中使用的取代Co的金屬係Mn、Cu、Fe及Ti。
然而,甚至更希望提供無金屬加速劑系統。
該種系統已描述於先前US 4,042,646中,且使用β-胺基-α,β-不飽和酮加速劑組合包含氫過氧基之過氧化物。
然而,此加速系統卻從未被應用於商業用途。原因極可能在於其性能並不令人滿意。
現已發現可藉由使用具有下示結構(I)之亞胺來進一步改善該等無金屬系統。因此,本發明係關於一種固化熱固性樹脂之方法,其包括使該樹脂與(i)一或多種具有結構(I)之亞胺及(ii)過氧化物接觸的步驟:
其中,- y=0或1,z=1至4,且y+z2;- X係獨立地選自O、S、P、NH、N-R1及N-OH;- R1係選自含2至18個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈、環狀、二環狀或三環狀伸烷基、含6至12個碳原子之伸芳基及含2至18個碳原子之伸芳烷基;- R2至R5係個別地選自氫、含1至18個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈烷基、含3至12個碳原子之環烷基、含6至12個碳原子之芳基、含6至18個碳原子之芳烷基、含1至6個碳原子之烷氧基及芳氧基;- 該等R基團中之各者可視需要經含O、S、Si、P或N之取代基取代;- R4與R5;R3與R4;R2與R5及/或R1與R3可視需要形成環。
在一較佳實施例中,結構(I)中的X係氧原子。
更佳地,該一或多種亞胺係聚胺與3-氧代烷酸烷基酯的反應產物。適宜的聚胺包括二胺、三胺及四胺。適宜的二胺之實例係異佛爾酮二胺、三環十二烷二胺、1,6-二胺基-2,2,4-三甲基己烷、1,3-環己二胺、1,4-環己二胺、1,3-丙二胺、1,3-丁二胺及1,4-丁二胺、1,3-戊二胺、1,4-戊二胺、1,5-戊二胺、1,3-己二胺、1,4-己二胺、1,5-己二胺、1,6-己二胺、1,5-二胺基-2-甲基戊烷(Dytek A)、1,8-二胺基辛烷、1,9-二胺基壬烷、1,10-二胺基癸烷、1,12-二胺基十二烷、1,3-二甲苯二胺、1,4-二甲苯二胺、1,3-苯二胺、1,4-苯二胺、二苯胺甲烷、
二苯胺醚、二苯胺碸、1,8-二胺基-3,6-二氧雜辛烷、1,5-二胺基-3-氧雜戊烷、α,ω-聚乙二醇二胺(Jeffamine)、α,ω-聚丙氧基二胺(Jeffamine)及α,ω-四氫呋喃二胺。
適宜的三胺之實例係參(2-胺乙基)胺、4-(胺甲基)辛烷-1,8-二胺及聚氧丙烯三胺(Jeffamine® T-403)。
適宜的四胺係異戊四醇-四胺。
較佳聚胺係異佛爾酮二胺(1-胺基-3-胺甲基-3,5,5-三甲基環己烷)。
適宜的3-氧代烷酸烷基酯之實例係3-氧代丁酸之烷基酯。3-氧代丁酸之較佳烷基酯係甲酯、乙酯、丙酯、丁酯及苯甲基酯。3-氧代丁酸之乙酯(亦即乙醯乙酸乙酯)係最佳的3-氧代烷酸烷基酯。使用此最佳的3-氧代烷酸烷基酯產生具有結構(I)(其中R3係甲基,R2係乙基,及R4及R5係氫)之亞胺。
最佳的亞胺係異佛爾酮二胺與乙醯乙酸乙酯的反應產物。
該一或多種亞胺可藉由使聚胺與3-氧代烷酸烷基酯以形成一或多種具有結構(I)之產物的比例反應來合成。一般而言,在此反應中會形成如結構(I)之亞胺之混合物。根據聚胺類型,可使用不同莫耳比。若使用二胺,則聚胺:3-氧代烷酸烷基酯在1:2與2:1之間的莫耳比係適宜,其中以接近1:1的莫耳比較佳。若使用三胺,則在1:3與3:1之間的莫耳比係適宜,其中以接近1:1的莫耳比較佳。若使用四胺,則在1:4與4:1之間的莫耳比係適宜,其中以接近1:1的莫耳比較佳。
該一或多種亞胺可在用於本發明之方法之前合成。此預合成涉及聚胺與3-氧代烷酸烷基酯的反應,較佳係在溶劑存在下。此為放熱反應。反應後,可去除水。
或者,將聚胺及3-氧代烷酸烷基酯個別地添加至熱固性樹脂中,導致原位形成亞胺。與預合成之主要差別在於形成的水在此原位製程
中將不被去除。
該亞胺或亞胺混合物在本發明方法中的用量(基於100重量份的樹脂計)較佳係0.01至10重量份(pbw),更佳0.1至5pbw,最佳0.5至2pbw。
本發明方法中使用的過氧化物較佳係有機氫過氧化物、酮過氧
化物或其混合物。酮過氧化物具有下式結構:,其中R1係烷基,較佳係甲基;及R2係烷基,較佳係乙基、異丙基或異丁基;或具有下式結構:
,其中R1及R4係烷基,較佳係甲基;及R2及R3係烷基,較佳係乙基、異丙基或異丁基。
第一式反映所謂的第4型酮過氧化物;第二式反映所謂的第3型酮過氧化物。除過氧化氫以外,該過氧化物調配物中通常亦存在此兩種類型。
該過氧化物在本發明方法中的用量(基於100重量份的樹脂計)較佳係0.1至10重量份(pbw),更佳0.5至5pbw,最佳1至2pbw。
欲根據本發明方法固化的適宜熱固性樹脂包括不飽和聚酯(UP)樹脂、乙烯基酯樹脂、(甲基)丙烯酸酯樹脂、聚胺基甲酸酯、環氧樹脂及其組合(例如UP樹脂與環氧樹脂之組合或不同UP樹脂之組合)。較佳樹脂係(甲基)丙烯酸酯樹脂、UP樹脂及乙烯基酯樹脂。在本申請案之內容中,術語「不飽和聚酯樹脂」及「UP樹脂」係指不飽和聚酯樹脂與烯系不飽和單體化合物之組合。術語「(甲基)丙烯酸酯樹脂」係指丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯樹脂與烯系不飽和單體化合物之組合。如上所定義的UP樹脂及丙烯酸酯樹脂係常用且可於市面購得。
欲藉由本發明方法固化之適宜UP樹脂係所謂的鄰位型樹脂(ortho-resin)、間位型樹脂(iso-resin)、間苯新戊二醇型樹脂(iso-npg resin)及二環戊二烯(DCPD)樹脂。該等樹脂之實例係馬來酸樹脂、富馬酸樹脂、烯丙基樹脂、乙烯基樹脂及環氧型樹脂、雙酚A樹脂、對苯二甲酸樹脂及混雜型樹脂(hybrid resin)。
乙烯基酯樹脂包括丙烯酸酯樹脂(基於(例如)甲基丙烯酸酯、二丙烯酸酯、二甲基丙烯酸酯及其寡聚物)。
丙烯酸酯樹脂包括丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、二丙烯酸酯及二甲基丙烯酸酯及其寡聚物。
不飽和聚酯或乙烯基酯樹脂可包含單體。適宜的單體之實例係烯系不飽和單體化合物,例如苯乙烯及苯乙烯衍生物(例如α-甲基苯乙烯)、乙烯基甲苯、茚、二乙烯基苯、乙烯基吡咯啶酮、乙烯基矽氧烷、乙烯基己內醯胺、二苯乙烯,以及鄰苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、二亞苄基丙酮、烯丙基苯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸、二丙烯酸酯、二甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯醯胺;乙酸乙烯酯、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯、三聚異氰酸三烯丙酯、用於光學應用的烯丙基化合物(例如(二)乙二醇二烯丙基碳酸酯)、氯苯乙烯、第三丁基苯乙烯、丙烯酸第三丁酯、丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯及其混合物。適宜的(甲基)丙烯酸酯反應性稀釋劑實例係PEG200二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,4-丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,3-丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2,3-丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,6-己二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯及其異構體、二乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丙三醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二丙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三丙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、PPG250二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三環癸烷二甲醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,10-癸二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、四乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三(甲
基)丙烯酸酯、異戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸縮水甘油酯、(雙)馬來醯亞胺、(雙)檸康醯亞胺、(雙)衣康醯亞胺及其混合物。
烯系不飽和單體在該樹脂中的量較佳佔該不飽和聚酯或乙烯基酯樹脂重量的至少0.1重量%,更佳至少1重量%,及最佳至少5重量%。烯系不飽和單體的量較佳不多於50重量%,更佳不多於40重量%,及最佳不多於35重量%。
本發明方法涉及使該過氧化物及該(等)亞胺與該樹脂接觸的步驟。此等化合物可以任意順序添加至彼此中。在一實施例中,可藉由該(等)亞胺預加速該樹脂,並藉由立即或於數天、數週、或數月後添加該過氧化物使其進行固化。亦可(幾乎)同時添加過氧化物及亞胺。
當欲使用的亞胺在常溫下呈固態時,較佳使該(等)亞胺在被加入樹脂前熔化或將其溶解於適宜的溶劑中。適宜的溶劑之實例係石油溶劑、二乙二醇、丙二醇、磷酸二丁酯、磷酸三乙酯、甲基乙基酮、丙二醇乙醚。
將該過氧化物較佳添加至稀釋於適宜鈍感劑中的樹脂中。可用於此等調配物中的鈍感劑係習知類型且較佳選自烷醇、環烷醇、烷二醇、烷二醇單烷基醚、經環醚取代的醇、環醯胺、酯、酮、芳族溶劑、鹵代烴溶劑及其混合物。
可在本發明方法期間存在的其他化合物係鹼金屬或鹼土金屬化合物、含磷化合物、1,3-二酮、含氮鹼及還原劑。
1,3-二酮之實例係乙醯丙酮、苯甲醯丙酮及二苯甲醯甲烷及乙醯乙酸酯(諸如二乙基乙醯乙醯胺、二甲基乙醯乙醯胺、二丙基乙醯乙醯胺、二丁基乙醯乙醯胺、乙醯乙酸甲酯、乙醯乙酸乙酯、乙醯乙酸丙酯及乙醯乙酸丁酯)。
鹼金屬或鹼土金屬化合物之實例係鹼金屬或鹼土金屬羧酸鹽,
例如鹼金屬及鹼土金屬之2-乙基己酸鹽、辛酸鹽、壬酸鹽、庚酸鹽、新癸酸鹽及環烷酸鹽。較佳鹼金屬係K。
含磷化合物之實例係具有式P(R)3及P(R)3=O的磷化合物,其中各R係獨立地選自氫、含有1至10個碳原子的烷基及含有1至10個碳原子的烷氧基。較佳地,至少兩個R基團係選自烷基或烷氧基。適宜的含磷化合物之具體實例係磷酸二乙酯、磷酸二丁酯、磷酸三丁酯、磷酸三乙酯(TEP)、亞磷酸二丁酯及磷酸三乙酯。
含氮鹼之實例係三級胺(例如三乙胺、二甲基苯胺、二乙基苯胺或N,N-二甲基對甲苯胺(DMPT))、聚胺(例如1,2-雙(二甲胺)乙烷)、二級胺(例如二乙胺)、乙氧基化胺(例如三乙醇胺、二甲胺基乙醇、二乙醇胺或單乙醇胺)及芳香胺(如聯吡啶)。
還原劑之實例係抗壞血酸、甲醛次硫酸鈉(SFS)、還原糖(例如葡萄糖及果糖)、草酸、膦、亞磷酸鹽、有機或無機亞硝酸鹽、有機或無機亞硫酸鹽、有機或無機硫化物、硫醇及醛及其混合物。抗壞血酸(該術語在本說明書中包括L-抗壞血酸及D-異抗壞血酸)為較佳的還原劑。
雖然可將過渡金屬化合物(例如Co、Cu、Mn、V或Fe化合物)添加至樹脂中,但較佳在不存在該等化合物的情況下進行本發明方法。若將存在一或多種此等金屬,則其存在量(以金屬計算)較佳係0.02至10mmol/kg樹脂,更佳0.10至5mmol/kg樹脂,及最佳至少0.25至2mmol/kg樹脂。
可將上述「其他化合物」及可選過渡金屬化合物個別地或以加速劑溶液(其除該等化合物及可選溶劑之外尚包含一或多種具有結構(I)之亞胺)的形式添加至樹脂中。
可藉由混合此等化合物、可選溶劑及預合成之亞胺來製備該等加速劑溶液。或者,可將聚胺及3-氧代烷酸烷基酯添加至該等化合物
及可選溶劑中,以在該加速劑溶液中原位形成一或多種亞胺。
在本發明方法期間可存在的可選添加物係填充劑、纖維、顏料、自由基抑制劑、阻燃劑及促進劑。
在一較佳實施例中,該方法係在填充劑及/或加強纖維之存在下進行。加強纖維之實例係玻璃纖維、碳纖維、芳族聚醯胺纖維(例如Twaron®)及天然纖維(例如黃麻、洋麻、工業大麻、亞麻(麻)、苎麻等)。填充劑之實例係石英、砂、氫氧化鋁、氫氧化鎂、白堊、氫氧化鈣、黏土、二氧化鈦及石灰。
阻燃劑包括含鹵素及含磷阻燃劑。自由基抑制劑之實例包括2-甲氧基苯酚、4-甲氧基苯酚、2,6-二-第三丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2,6-二-第三丁基苯酚、2,4,6-三甲基苯酚、2,4,6-參(二甲基胺基甲基)苯酚、4,4’-硫代雙(3-甲基-6-第三丁基苯酚),4,4’-亞異丙基二酚、2,4-二-第三丁基苯酚、6,6’-二-第三丁基-2,2’-亞甲基-二對甲酚、對苯二酚、2-甲基對苯二酚、2-第三丁基對苯二酚、2,5-二-第三丁基對苯二酚、2,6-二-第三丁基對苯二酚、2,6-二甲基對苯二酚、2,3,5-三甲基對苯二酚、兒茶酚、4-第三丁基兒茶酚、4,6-二-第三丁基兒茶酚、苯醌、2,3,5,6-四氯-1,4-苯醌、甲基苯醌、2,6-二甲基苯醌、萘醌、1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶、1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-醇(TEMPOL)、1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-酮(TEMPON)、1-氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羧基哌啶(4-羧基-TEMPO)、1-氧基-2,2,5,5-四甲基吡咯啶、1-氧基-2,2,5,5-四甲基-3-羧基吡咯啶(3-羧基-PROXYL)、N-亞硝基苯基羥胺鋁、二乙基羥胺、啡噻嗪及其組合。
當樹脂、過氧化物及亞胺彼此接觸時,此等化合物被混合及分散。該固化方法可在-15℃至250℃之間之任一溫度下進行。較佳地,該固化方法係在諸如手積層、噴塗、絲繞、樹脂傳遞模塑、塗層(例如凝膠塗層及標準塗層)、鈕扣製造、離心澆鑄、波紋片或平板、換
襯系統、經由傾倒化合物的廚房水槽等應用中常用的環境溫度下進行。然而,其亦可用於其中使用高達180℃,更佳高達150℃,最佳高達100℃溫度的SMC、BMC及拉擠成形技術及類似技術中。
可使該固化組合物經歷後固化處理以使硬度進一步最佳化。該後固化處理通常係在40-180℃範圍的溫度下進行30分鐘至15小時。
該等固化組合物可用於各種應用,包括:航海應用、化學錨定、屋面材料、建築材料、換襯材料、管道及貯罐、地板、風機葉片以及層壓板等。
實例
下文實例中使用以下材料:Palatal P6-以鄰苯二甲酸為主的不飽和聚酯樹脂(來自DSM樹脂)
Butanox® P50-過氧化甲基異丙基酮(50重量%的鄰苯二甲酸二甲酯溶液;來自AkzoNobel)
Butanox® M50-活性氧含量為8.9重量%的過氧化甲基乙基酮(50重量%的鄰苯二甲酸二甲酯溶液;來自AkzoNobel)
Trigonox® 233-過氧化甲基異丁基酮(50重量%的異十二烷溶液;來自AkzoNobel)
IPDA-異佛爾酮二胺
EAA-乙醯乙酸乙酯
參照型亞胺-3-(正丁胺基)-2-丁烯酸乙酯
將EEA(0.572mol)溶解於乙醚(200ml)中。分批添加IPDA(0.572mol)。藉由加熱使該混合物之溫度上升至35℃並使該溫度保持2小時。於冷卻至室溫後,加入乙醚(100ml),繼而加入硫酸鈉。使該混合物乾燥過夜。藉由過濾除去固體並於真空中移除揮發物,產出160g(99%)呈澄清油的下示亞胺混合物:
藉由混合如表1中所列的100phr樹脂、1phr加速劑及2phr過氧化物來製備可固化組合物。該加速劑係IPDA與EAA的反應產物混合物或參照型亞胺。此參照型亞胺係根據US 4,042,646的亞胺。
使該等組合物於20℃下固化。
藉由塑料協會(Society of Plastic Institute)的方法(分析方法F/77.1;獲自Akzo Nobel Polymer Chemicals)來分析該等組合物的固化。此方法涉及測量放熱峰值、到達峰值的時間及凝膠時間。
根據此方法,將20g包含樹脂、過氧化物及加速劑的混合物傾注於試管中,並將熱電偶通過封蓋放置於試管中心。隨後,將該玻璃管放置於維持在20℃下的氣候受控室中並測量時間-溫度曲線。
自該曲線計算以下參數:凝膠時間(GT)=從實驗開始至比浴溫度高出5.5℃所經歷的時間(分鐘)。
達到放熱峰值的時間(TTP)=從實驗開始至達到放熱峰值的時刻所經歷的時間。
放熱峰值(PE)=所達到的最高溫度。
肖氏(Shore)D硬度係藉由標準方法ASTM D2240來測得。
另外,評估最終固化樹脂的顏色。
該等結果列示於表1中:
此等數據表明:本發明亞胺與參照型亞胺相比導致更佳的固化行為,且可與各種過氧化物組合使用。
Claims (14)
- 一種固化熱固性樹脂之方法,其包括使該樹脂與(i)一或多種具有以下結構之亞胺及(ii)過氧化物接觸的步驟
其中,y=0或1,z=1至4,且y+z2;X係獨立地選自O、S、P、NH、N-R1及N-OH;R1係選自含2至18個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈、環狀、二環狀或三環狀伸烷基、含6至12個碳原子之伸芳基及含2至18個碳原子之伸芳烷基;R2至R5係個別地選自氫、含1至18個碳原子之直鏈或分支鏈烷基、含3至12個碳原子之環烷基、含6至12個碳原子之芳基、含6至18個碳原子之芳烷基、含1至6個碳原子之烷氧基及芳氧基;該等R基團之各者可視需要經含O、S、Si、P或N之取代基取代;R4與R5;R3與R4;R2、R5及R1與R3可視需要形成環。 - 如請求項1之方法,其中X係氧原子。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中R5係氫。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中R4係氫。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中R2及R3係烷基。
- 如請求項2至5中任一項之方法,其中該一或多種亞胺係聚胺與3-氧代烷酸烷基酯的反應產物。
- 如請求項6之方法,其中該3-氧代烷酸烷基酯係乙醯乙酸乙酯。
- 如請求項6之方法,其中該聚胺係異佛爾酮二胺。
- 如請求項6之方法,其中將該聚胺及該3-氧代烷酸烷基酯個別地添加至該熱固性樹脂中,導致原位形成該一或多種亞胺。
- 如請求項6之方法,其中先使該聚胺與該3-氧代烷酸烷基酯反應形成該一或多種亞胺,接著再將其/其等添加至該熱固性樹脂中。
- 如請求項1至5中任一項之方法,其中該過氧化物係選自酮過氧化物及有機氫過氧化物。
- 如請求項11之方法,其中該過氧化物係過氧化甲基乙基酮、過氧化甲基異丙基酮或過氧化甲基異丁基酮。
- 如請求項1至5中任一項之方法,其中使該樹脂與該一或多種亞胺以0.5至2重量份亞胺/100重量份樹脂的量接觸。
- 如請求項1至5中任一項之方法,其中使該樹脂與該過氧化物以1至2重量份過氧化物/100重量份樹脂的量接觸。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12180827 | 2012-08-17 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201414779A true TW201414779A (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
| TWI591105B TWI591105B (zh) | 2017-07-11 |
Family
ID=46982404
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW102129537A TWI591105B (zh) | 2012-08-17 | 2013-08-16 | 固化熱固性樹脂之方法 |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9200143B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2885349B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP6038322B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20150044905A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN104520367B (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2013304064B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR112015002814A2 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2881480A1 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2684543T3 (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL236839A (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX2015001891A (zh) |
| PH (1) | PH12015500295A1 (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL2885349T3 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2636149C2 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TWI591105B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2014027007A2 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201500655B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9840599B2 (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2017-12-12 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | Process for curing thermoset resins |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL298715A (zh) | 1961-10-20 | |||
| DE1289047B (de) | 1966-09-23 | 1969-02-13 | Elektrochem Werke Muenchen Ag | Stabilisierung von Ketonperoxydloesungen in Trialkylphosphaten mittels Aminen |
| JPS5128193A (en) | 1974-09-02 | 1976-03-09 | Nippon Oils & Fats Co Ltd | Fuhowahoriesuterujushi no kokahoho |
| JPS5134985A (ja) | 1974-09-20 | 1976-03-25 | Nippon Oils & Fats Co Ltd | Fuhowahoriesuterujushi no kokaho |
| DE3016051A1 (de) | 1980-04-25 | 1981-10-29 | Peroxid-Chemie GmbH, 8023 Höllriegelskreuth | Beschleuniger fuer die haertung von ungesaettigten harzen und seine verwendung |
| WO1990012824A1 (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1990-11-01 | Akzo N.V. | Organic nitrogen-containing polymerization cocatalyst |
| IT1232850B (it) * | 1989-04-26 | 1992-03-05 | Saint Peter Srl | Acceleranti per l'indurimento di resine poliesteri insature, maleiche, alliliche ed epossidiche e procedimenti di indurimento che li utlizzano |
| DE3932517A1 (de) * | 1989-09-29 | 1991-04-11 | Herberts Gmbh | Bindemittelzusammensetzung und deren verwendung in ueberzugsmitteln |
| EP0772609B1 (en) * | 1994-07-21 | 1999-02-24 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Cyclic ketone peroxide formulations |
| AU2002237230B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2008-02-07 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Methyl propyl ketone peroxide formulations and their use for curing unsaturated polyesters |
| EP1219602A1 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-03 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Methyl isopropyl ketone peroxide formulations and their use for curing unsaturated polyesters |
| EP2038311B1 (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2013-12-18 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Unsaturated polyester resin or vinyl ester resin compositions |
| DE602007012103D1 (de) | 2006-07-06 | 2011-03-03 | Dsm Ip Assets Bv | Ungesättigtes polyesterharz enthaltende zusammensetzungen |
| WO2008003492A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-10 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Unsaturated polyester resin or vinyl ester resin compositions |
| US8288591B2 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2012-10-16 | Designer Molecules, Inc. | Curing agents for epoxy resins |
-
2013
- 2013-08-14 KR KR20157005082A patent/KR20150044905A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-08-14 EP EP13750548.3A patent/EP2885349B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-08-14 AU AU2013304064A patent/AU2013304064B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2013-08-14 PL PL13750548T patent/PL2885349T3/pl unknown
- 2013-08-14 CN CN201380042266.6A patent/CN104520367B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-08-14 CA CA2881480A patent/CA2881480A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-08-14 WO PCT/EP2013/066951 patent/WO2014027007A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2013-08-14 BR BR112015002814A patent/BR112015002814A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-08-14 US US14/421,345 patent/US9200143B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-08-14 MX MX2015001891A patent/MX2015001891A/es unknown
- 2013-08-14 JP JP2015526973A patent/JP6038322B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-08-14 RU RU2015107990A patent/RU2636149C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-08-14 ES ES13750548.3T patent/ES2684543T3/es active Active
- 2013-08-16 TW TW102129537A patent/TWI591105B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2015
- 2015-01-21 IL IL236839A patent/IL236839A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2015-01-28 ZA ZA2015/00655A patent/ZA201500655B/en unknown
- 2015-02-10 PH PH12015500295A patent/PH12015500295A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2013304064A1 (en) | 2015-02-05 |
| CN104520367B (zh) | 2016-09-21 |
| IL236839A (en) | 2017-06-29 |
| AU2013304064B2 (en) | 2016-06-09 |
| CN104520367A (zh) | 2015-04-15 |
| JP2015531018A (ja) | 2015-10-29 |
| WO2014027007A3 (en) | 2014-04-10 |
| WO2014027007A2 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
| TWI591105B (zh) | 2017-07-11 |
| ZA201500655B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
| EP2885349B1 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
| RU2636149C2 (ru) | 2017-11-21 |
| PL2885349T3 (pl) | 2018-10-31 |
| ES2684543T3 (es) | 2018-10-03 |
| RU2015107990A (ru) | 2016-10-10 |
| US9200143B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
| KR20150044905A (ko) | 2015-04-27 |
| MX2015001891A (es) | 2015-05-07 |
| PH12015500295A1 (en) | 2015-04-20 |
| EP2885349A2 (en) | 2015-06-24 |
| CA2881480A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
| BR112015002814A2 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
| JP6038322B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
| US20150203659A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TWI548658B (zh) | 用於固化樹脂之加速劑 | |
| TWI555779B (zh) | 加速劑溶液之製備方法 | |
| KR101967724B1 (ko) | 수지 경화용 철계 가속화제 | |
| TWI551634B (zh) | 用於固化樹脂之加速劑 | |
| TW201329157A (zh) | 雙重固化系統 | |
| TW201533102A (zh) | 用於固化含(甲基)丙烯酸酯之不飽和聚酯(up)或乙烯酯(ve)樹脂的方法 | |
| TWI628197B (zh) | 固化自由基可固化樹脂之方法 | |
| TWI591105B (zh) | 固化熱固性樹脂之方法 | |
| TWI613239B (zh) | 固化熱固性樹脂之方法 | |
| TW201627395A (zh) | 固化樹脂系統之方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |