TW201242518A - Oligosaccharide mixture and food product comprising this mixture, especially infant formula - Google Patents
Oligosaccharide mixture and food product comprising this mixture, especially infant formula Download PDFInfo
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- TW201242518A TW201242518A TW100142956A TW100142956A TW201242518A TW 201242518 A TW201242518 A TW 201242518A TW 100142956 A TW100142956 A TW 100142956A TW 100142956 A TW100142956 A TW 100142956A TW 201242518 A TW201242518 A TW 201242518A
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- food
- oligosaccharide
- milk
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
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- 235000013350 formula milk Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
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- RTVRUWIBAVHRQX-PMEZUWKYSA-N Fucosyllactose Chemical compound C([C@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@@H]1O)O)OC)O[C@H]1OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O RTVRUWIBAVHRQX-PMEZUWKYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/30—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols, e.g. xylitol; containing starch hydrolysates, e.g. dextrin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/40—Complete food formulations for specific consumer groups or specific purposes, e.g. infant formula
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H3/00—Compounds containing only hydrogen atoms and saccharide radicals having only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2200/00—Function of food ingredients
- A23V2200/30—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health
- A23V2200/32—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health having an effect on the health of the digestive tract
- A23V2200/3202—Prebiotics, ingredients fermented in the gastrointestinal tract by beneficial microflora
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pediatric Medicine (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
201242518 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於寡醣混合物及包含該寡醣混合物之食品, 特別是嬰兒配方。 t 【先前技術】 人類結腸定殖有眾多種細菌,該等細菌對腸生理具有積 極及消極作用’且具有其他全身性影響。在結腸中發現之 主要細菌群包括擬桿菌Species),具體而言係 雙歧’丨干菌、真細菌(五Macier/fl)、梭狀芽抱 桿菌(C/οί的·山·α)及乳酸桿菌"⑺。該等細菌之活 性因應結腸中之受質利用度、氧化還原電位、pH、〇2壓力 及其分佈而波動。一般而言’可將腸細菌分為對其宿主發 揮潛在有害或有益效應之種類。致病效應(例如,可能由 梭狀芽抱桿菌或擬桿菌引發)包括腹瀉、感染、肝損傷、 致癌作用及腸道腐敗。可經由抑制有害細菌之生長、刺激 免疫功能、改善必需營養素之消化及吸收以及合成維生素 來誘導促進健康之效應◊人們期望可提高可能具有健康促 進性質之細菌群(例如雙歧桿菌及乳酸桿菌)之數量及/或活 v 性。 . 對於特定嬰兒情形,人們認為在即將出生前,嬰兒胃腸 道係無菌的。在出生過程期間,其遇到來自母親消化道及 成膚之細菌且開始被定殖。腸微生物叢之組成方面因應嬰 兒之餵養而存在巨大差異。母乳餵養之嬰兒之糞便菌叢包 括可感知雙歧桿菌群體及一些乳酸桿菌,而配方餵養之嬰 1604 50.doc 201242518 兒具有更複雜之微生物叢,其中通常存在雙垵濘磨及凝# 磨、梭狀芽抱桿菌及鍵球菌(57repi〇cocc!·)。在離乳後,確 立與成人腸微生物叢模式類似之模式。 推薦所有嬰兒皆餵養母乳。然而,在一些情形下,由於 醫學原因’或由於母親選擇不餵養母乳,母乳餵養不足或 不順利。業内已研發用於該等情況之嬰兒配方。 一種提高結腸中有益細菌之數量及/或活性之方法係在 食品中添加益菌生。益菌生係藉由選擇性刺激結腸中之一 種或有限數量的細菌之生長及/或活性,由此改善宿主健 康’來對宿主產生有益影響的不可消化性食物成份。該等 成份不在胃或小腸中分解並吸收,且因此其在進入結腸時 保持完整,其在結腸中經有益細菌選擇性發酵,在此意義 上,其係不可消化的。益菌生之實例包括某些寡醣,例如 果寡醣(FOS)及半乳寡醣(GOS)。 已知人乳含有之不可消化性寡醣之量大於大多數其他動 物乳。事實上,不可消化性寡醣代表母乳中之第三大固體 組份(位於乳糖及脂質後)’其以12 §/1至15 g/1之濃度存於 初乳中且以5 g/Ι至8 g/Ι之濃度存於成熟乳中。人乳寡醣對 酶促水解具有高抗性,表明該等寡醣可展示與其卡值並不 直接相關之基本功能。 隨著業内對人乳組成之理解日益深入,亦已有人建議將 益菌生添加至嬰兒配方中。例如,可在市場上購得各種補 充有益菌生(例如果寡醣與半乳寡醣之混合物)之嬰兒配 方。然而’該等混合物僅接近人乳中存在之寡雜混合物。 I60460.doc 201242518 已在人乳中檢測到超過100種不同寡醣組份,其中一些在 諸如牛乳等動物乳中尚未檢測到,或僅檢測到少量。一些 唾液酸基化寡醣及岩藻醣基化寡醣存在於牛乳及初乳二者 中,但僅存在極少量。 來自 Abbott Laboratories之EP 0 975 235 B1 閣述包含一 或多種人乳寡醣之合成營養組合物,其中組合物中之Hm〇 選自八種HM0(3-岩藻醣基乳糖、乳_N岩藻五醣Ιπ、乳_ Ν-岩藻五醣π、二岩蕩醣基乳糖、2,·岩藻醣基乳糖、乳_ Ν-岩藻五醣I、乳_Ν·新四醣及乳_Ν•岩藻五醣ν)之群,其 中該組合物意欲用於以下情形:正常健康嬰兒、兒童、成 人或具有特殊需求之個體,例如彼等伴隨某些病理病況 者。此歐洲專利陳述,一般而言,寡醣保護嬰兒免於呼吸 道、胃腸道及泌尿-生殖道之病毒及細菌感染。 本發明之目標係提供尤其在人類腸中有效作為益菌生之 食品。 業内尤其需要目標定為幼兒、嬰兒及/或新生嬰兒之食 品,其有助於獲得正常免疫或發炎狀態,或減輕或降低食 物過敏效應。 業内需要k供上述益處同時保持個體中之平衡正常代謝 -«C食品。 業内需要藉由並非基於藥物之干預來改善人類腸環境, 該干預與諸如嬰兒或幼兒等虛弱個體相容。 業内需要提供對過敏原之口服耐受性之食品。 【發明内容】 160460.doc 201242518 本發明提供寡醣混合物,其包含至少一種Ν·乙醯基_乳 糖胺、至少一種唾液酸基化寡醣及至少一種岩蕩醣基化寡 酶。 各成份之上述混合物係尤其有效地作為食品中之益菌生 之新穎保護性及免疫調節性組合物。該混合物在結構上比 市售益菌生成份(例如F0S及G〇s)更接近人類母乳寡醣, 此乃因事實上其包含(例如)特定酸性(唾液酸基化)及中性 (岩藻醣基化或N-乙醯基_乳糖胺)寡醣之混合物。 在一實施例中,寡醣混合物可源自動物乳,例如牛乳、 山羊乳或水牛乳中之一或多者。 在另一實施例中,寡醣混合物係合成組合物。 在另態樣中,本發明係關於包含上述寡醣混合物之食 〇〇視隋况,建礒該食品作為嬰兒食物或配方,但該產品 可用於幼兒各兒或成人食用之任何食物或飲料。成人通 常在需要時、具體而言在臨床營養之技術領域使用本發明 寡醣混合物。含有此-寡醣混合物作為益菌生之食品之食 用將選擇性促進結腸中一種或有限數量之有益細菌之生長 及/或活性,且將由此改善宿主之健康。 【實施方式】 本文中所用之以下術語具有以下含義。 術語「嬰兒」意指年齡在12個月以内之兒童。 術°°年幼兒里」意指年齡介於1歲與3歲之間之兒童。 術語「嬰兒配方」意指意欲用於在生命之最初4個月至6 個月期間之嬰兒之特定營養用途且本身滿足此類人之營養 160460.doc 201242518 要求之食品(1991年5月14日關於嬰兒配方及較大嬰兒配方 (follow-up formula)之歐洲委員會指令(European Commission Directive) 91/321/EEC 第 1.2條)。 術語「較大嬰兒配方」意指意欲用於年齡超過4個月之 嬰兒之特定營養用途且構成此類人逐漸多樣化之飲食中之 主要液體要素之食品。 術語「初生嬰兒配方(starter infant formula)」意指意欲 用於在生命之最初4個月期間之嬰兒之特定營養用途之食 品。 術語「幼兒食物」意指意欲用於在生命第1年期間之嬰 兒之特定營養用途之食品。 術5吾「嬰兒榖類組合物」意指意欲用於在生命第1年期 間之嬰兒之特定營養用途之食品。 術語「成長乳」意指適應年幼兒童之特定營養需求之基 於乳之飲品。 術語「增強對過敏原之口服耐受性」意指當口服時降低 對過敏原之敏感性。 術語「營養組合物」意指給予個體營養之組合物。此營 養組合物通常係口服或靜脈内服用,且其通常包括脂質或 脂肪來源及蛋白質來源。 術語「合成組合物」意指藉由化學及/或生物(例如酶)方 式獲得之組合物’其可在化學上與哺乳動物乳中天然存在 “^ °物相^ ο只要至少—種組合物組份係、藉由化學及/ ^生物(例如’酶)方式獲得,即可稱該組合物係合成組合 160460.doc 201242518 物。 術語「低致敏性組合物」意指不太可能引起過敏反應之 組合物。 術語「唾液酸基化寡醣」意指具有唾液酸殘基之寡醣。 術語「岩藻醣基化寡醣」意指具有岩藻醣殘基之寡醣。 術語「益菌生」意指不可消化性碳水化合物,其藉由選 擇性刺激人類結腸中之健康細菌(例如雙歧桿菌)之生長及/ 或活性來有益地影響宿主Μβ· Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: introducing the concept of prebiotics. J Nutr· 1995; 125:1401-12、。 術語「益生菌」意指對宿主之健康或身體狀況具有有益 效應之微生物細胞製劑或微生物細胞組份。(Salminen S、 Ouwehand A.、Benno Y.等人,「iVoMoiid. Ziow «y/zowW i/iey defined^ Trends Food Sci. Technol. 1999:10 107-10) ° 「過敏」係已由内科醫師檢測到並可以不定時方式或以 更持久方式治療之過敏。「食物過敏」係對營養組合物之 過敏。 除非另有說明,否則所有百分比均以重量計。 本發明寡醣混合物較佳係低致敏性組合物。 本發明提供寡醣混合物,其包含至少一種選自包含乳-N-四醣及乳-N-新四醣之群之N-乙醯基-乳糖胺、至少一種 選自包含3'-唾液酸基乳糖及以-唾液酸基乳糖之群之唾液酸 基化寡醣及至少一種選自包含以下之群之岩藻醣基化寡 醣:2'-岩藻醣基乳糖、3-岩藻醣基乳糖、二岩藻醣基乳 160460.doc 201242518 糖、1·Ν-岩藻五醣(換言之,乳-N_岩藻五醣i、乳_N_岩藻 五膽II、乳-N·岩藻五醣ΙΠ及乳-N-岩薄五醣V)、乳二岩 澡六SII、單岩藻醣基乳_N_六醣、二岩藻醣基乳—仏六骑ι 及一朵藻醣基乳-N-新六醣II。 本發明者已驚奇地發現,本發明寡醣混合物在包含於食 ασ中時尤其有利於預防食物過敏及相關食物過敏對健康之 效應及降低其風險及/或降低其嚴重性及/或降低其發生 率。該等效應較佳係⑴皮膚效應、異位性皮膚炎、皮療或 發紅;(ii)對免疫系統或發炎狀態之效應;或(iii)對胃腸道 系統之效應,例如絞痛、腹痛及諸如此類。 本發明募聽混合物可源自動物乳。該乳可得自任何哺乳 動物’具體而言得自牛、山羊、水牛、馬、象、路乾或綿 羊。 該寡醣混合物含有至少一種N-乙醯基·乳糖胺《換言 之’其含有N-乙醯基-乳糖胺及/或含有N-乙醯基-乳糖胺之 寡醣。含有N-乙醯基-乳糖胺之適宜寡醣包括乳四醣 (LNT)及乳-N-新四醣(LNnT)。 因此,根據本發明,N-乙醯基-乳糖胺較佳選自包含乳_ N-四醣(LNT)及乳-N-新四醣(LNnT)之群。 如(例如)在美國專利第5,288,637號及WO 96/10086中所 闡述,LNT及LNnT可藉由使用醣基轉移酶將醣類單元自供 體部分酶促轉移至受體部分來化學合成。另一選擇為,如 在 Wrodnigg,T.M·; Stutz,A.E. (1999) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 38:827-828中所闡述,LNT及LNnT可藉由將游離或結 160460.doc 201242518 合至寡醣(例如,乳嗣酿)之鲷-己醣(例如,果聽)化學轉化 為N-乙醯基己醣胺或含N_乙醯基己膽胺之寡醣來製備。然 後可將以此方式產生之义乙酿基_乳糖胺轉移至作為受體 部分之乳糖。 較佳地,本發明寡醣混合物以乾重計每1〇〇 §寡聰混合 物含有0.1 g至3 g N_乙醯基_乳糖胺乳糖。 唾液酸基化寡膽3,-唾液酸基乳糖及6,_唾液酸基乳糖可藉 由層析或過;慮自天然來源(例如動物乳)分離。另一選擇 為,其亦可藉由生物技術方法使用特定唾液酸基轉移酶或 唾液酸酶(神經胺酸酶)藉由基於酶之發酵技術(重組或天然 酶)、藉由化學合成或藉由微生物發酵技術來產生。在後 一情形中,微生物可表現其天然酶及受質或可經改造以產 生各別受質及酶。可使用單一微生物培養物或混合培養 物可由受體受質自聚合度(DP)=i往前之任一聚合度為起 點開始形成唾液酸基寡醣。 較佳地,本發明寡醣混合物以乾重計,每丨〇〇 g寡醣混 合物含有0.05 g至2 g、更佳n §至2 §之唾液酸基化寡 酿。 岩藻醣基化寡醣可選自包含以下之群:2,_岩藻醣基乳 糖、3-岩藻醣基乳糖、二岩藻醣基乳糖、乳_N_岩藻五醣 1、乳-N-岩藤五_ II、乳_ν·岩藻五醣m、乳_N_岩藻五醣 V、乳-N-二岩藻六醣I、單岩藻醣基乳_N_六醣、二岩藻醣 基乳-N-六酷I及二岩藻醣基乳卞_新六膽η β. 尤佳石藻聽基化寡聽係2'-岩藻酿基乳糖。 160460.doc •10- 201242518 岩為膽基化寡醣可藉由層析或過濾技術自天然來源(例 如動抽乳)分離《另一選擇為,其可藉由生物技術方法使 用特足岩藻酶基轉移酶及/或岩藻醣苷酶經由使用基於酶 之發酵技術(重組或天然酶)或微生物發酵技術來產生。在 後一 6形中’微生物可表現其天然酶及受質或可經改造以 產生各別受質及酶。可使用單一微生物培養物及/或混合 培養物。可由受體受質自聚合度(Dp)=1往前之任一聚合度 為起點開始形成岩藻醣基化寡醣。另一選擇為,岩藻醣基 化寡醣可藉由化學合成自乳糖及游離岩藻醣產生。岩藻醣 基化寡醣亦可購自(例如)Kyovva,Hakko, Kogyo(日本)。 較佳地,本發明寡醣混合物以乾重計每1〇〇 g寡醣混合 物含有〇·1 g至3 g岩藻醣基化寡醣。 在較佳實施例中,本發明寡醣混合物每1〇〇 §寡醣混合 物包含總量為0.05 g至3 g之N-乙醯基·乳糖胺、唾液酸基 化寡醣及岩藻醣基化寡醣。 在本發明之較佳態樣中,將上述寡醣混合物納入食品 中。在本發明上下文中,術語「食品」意欲涵蓋任何可食 用物質。因此,其可係計晝由人類食用之產品,具體而言 係嬰兒配方、較大嬰兒配方、嬰兒或年幼兒童食物(例如 嬰兒穀類)及諸如此類。具體而言,可將本發明寡醣混合 物納入嬰兒配方、脫水乳或穀類混合物中。 因此,本發明亦包括包含本發明寡醣混合物之食品。該 食品較佳包含蛋白質來源、脂肪來源及碳水化合物來源/ 本發明食品較佳係低致敏性組合物。 16CK60.doc 201242518 本發明食品亦含有蛋白質來源。咸信蛋白質類型對本發 明無關鍵仙,冑提係應滿足對於必需胺&酸之最基本要 求且確保良好生長。因&,可使用基於乳清、赂蛋白及其 混〇物之蛋白質來源以及基於大豆之蛋白質來源。然而, 蛋白質來源較佳包含介於裏與95%之間之乳清蛋白質及/或 源自乳清之蛋白質。就乳清蛋白f而言,蛋白質來源可基 於酸乳清或甜乳清或其混合物,且可依任一期望比例包括 α·乳白蛋白及β-乳球蛋白。 本發明食品通常含有碳水化合物來源。此點對本發明食 品係嬰兒配方之情料尤佳H㈣中,儘管較佳碳水 化合物來源係乳糖’但仍可使用嬰兒配方中常用之任一碳 水化合物來源’例如乳糖、嚴醣、麥芽糊精、澱粉及其混 合物。 本發明食品通常含有脂質來源。若本發明食品係嬰兒酿 方’則此尤其適#。在此情形中,脂質來源可係適用於屢 兒配方之任一脂質或脂肪。較佳脂肪來源包括棕櫚油酸、 :油酸向曰葵油及高油酸紅花油。亦可添加必需脂肪酸运 麻油酸及α-次亞麻油酸,亦可添加少量含有大量預形成在 二::馱及一十二碳六烯酸之油,例如魚油或微生物油。 曰肪來源之“與㈠脂肪酸之比率較佳為約5:1至約ΐ5:ι; 例如約8:1至約1〇:1。 本發明食品較佳亦以營養顯著量含有 所必需之所有維生素及礦物質㊉飲“ 铷夕罢雉立對某些維生素及病 之最基本要求。本發明食品中視情況存在之礦物、㈣ 160460.doc -12· 201242518 素及其他營養素之實例包括维生素A、維生素B1、維生素 B2、维生素B6、維生素B12 '維生素E、維生素κ、維生素 C、維生素D、葉酸、肌醇、菸鹼酸、生物素、泛酸、膽 驗、鈣、磷、碘、鐵、鎂、銅、辞、錳、氣、鉀、鈉、 - 硒、鉻、鉬、牛磺酸及L-肉鹼。礦物通常以鹽形式添加。 特定礦物及其他維生素之存在及量將視既定群體而變化。 若需要,則本發明食品可含有乳化劑及穩定劑,例如大 豆卵磷酯、單-及二甘油脂之檸檬酸酯及諸如此類。 本發明食品亦可含有可能具有有益效應之其他物質,例 如乳鐵蛋白、核苷酸、核苷及諸如此類。 本發明食品較佳係合成營養組合物。在此情形中,其可 係初生嬰兒配方、嬰兒配方、幼兒食物、嬰兒縠類組合 物、較大嬰兒配方或成長乳,且該食品較佳係初生嬰兒配 方。 本發明食品可進一步包含至少一種益生菌菌株,該益生 菌菌株較佳係雙歧桿菌及/或乳酸桿菌。該食品尤其有利 於增強對過敏原之口服耐受性。 適宜益生菌菌株包括以商標LGG得自Valio Oy(芬蘭)之 • 氣李酿乳酸桿菌r/zamwosws) ATCC 53 103、 . 鼠李醣乳酸桿菌CGMCC 1.3724、類乾酪乳酸桿菌 尸aracajei) CNCM 1-2116、由 BioGaia A.B 以 商標Reuteri出售之路氏乳酸桿菌reMieri)、 約氏乳酸桿菌yo/zwsowz’z·) CNCM 1-1225、由 BLIii Technologies有限公司(紐西蘭)以名稱KI2出售之唾液 1604S0.doc 13- 201242518 ♦球菌{Streptococcus ja/ivaWwj) DSM 13084、尤其由 Christian Hansen公司(丹麥)以商標Bb 12出售之乳酸雙歧 桿菌CNCM 1-3446、由 Morinaga Milk Industry有限公司(日本)以商標BB536出售之長雙歧桿 菌/o«gwm) ATCC BAA-999、由 Danisco以 商標Bb-03出售之短雙歧桿菌6reve)、由 Morinaga以商標Μ-16V出售之短雙歧桿菌、由Procter & Gamble公司以商標Bifantis出售之嬰兒雙歧桿菌 {Bifidobacterium 及由 Institut Rosell (Lallemand) 以商標R0070出售之短雙歧桿菌。 本發明食品可進一步包含至少一種益菌生,其量通常介 於食品重量之0.3重量%與10重量%之間。 舉例而言,該食品中除了本發明N-乙醯基-乳糖胺、唾 液酸基化寡醣及岩藻醣基化寡醣以外,亦可包含益菌生。 益菌生通常不在胃或小腸中分解並吸收,且因此其在進入 結腸時保持完整,其在結腸中經有益細菌選擇性發酵,在 此意義上,其係不可消化的。益菌生之實例包括某些寡 醣,例如果寡醣(FOS)及半乳寡醣(GOS)。可使用益菌生之 組合,例如90% GOS與10°/。短鏈果寡醣(例如BENEO-Orafti 以商標Orafti®寡果_ (過去稱為Raftilose®)出售之產品中) 或10%菊醣(例如BENEO-Orafti以商標Orafti®菊醣(過去稱 為Raftiline®)出售之產品中)之組合。益菌生之尤佳組合係 70%短鏈果寡醣及30%菊醣,其係由BENEO-Orafti以商標 「Prebio 1」出售之產品。 160460.doc •14· 201242518 根拖本發明較佳實施例’本發明食品較佳用於預防食物 過敏及相關食物過敏對健康之效應及降低其風險及/或降 低其嚴重性及/或降低其發生率。該等效應較佳係⑴皮膚 效應,異位性皮膚炎、皮疹或發紅;(π)對免疫系統或發 炎狀態之效應;或(in)對胃腸道系統之效應,例如絞痛、 腹痛及諸如此類。 本發明組合物可進一步包含其他營養化合物,該等其他 營養化合物與所主張募醣協同作用以遞送對皮膚(例如皮 膚過敏或異位性皮膚炎)之所主張益處。該等其他化合物 可係例如特定非水解蛋白質、低致敏性蛋白質(即水解或 部分水解蛋白質)、低乳糖成份、低乳糖醣類或水解醣 類。人們假定,可藉由以下事實確立成份之協同作用:各 成份一起幫助維持效應物之低生理含量始終低於皮膚效應 (例如異位性皮膚炎)開始顯示之閾值β 根據本發明之另一實施例,本發明食品用於增強對過敏 原之口服耐受性。 本發明亦係關於包含募醣混合物作為合成營養組合物 (即作為合成營養劑)之食品之用途,該募醣混合物包含至 」一種>^-乙醯基·乳糖胺、至少一種唾液酸基化寡醣及至 ^一種岩藻醣基化寡醣,用於預防食物過敏及相關食物過 敏對健康之效應及降低其風險及/或降低其嚴重性及/或降 低其發生率。 本發明亦係關於包含寡醣混合物作為合成營養組合物 (.Ρ ’乍為合成營養劑)之食品之用途,該寡醣混合物包含至 160460.doc. •15- 201242518 少一種Ν·乙醯基-乳糖胺、至少一種唾液酸基化寡醣及至 少一種岩藻醣基化寡醣,該食品用於增強對過敏原之口服 耐受性。 該等用途涵蓋以下事實:食品係較佳以單位劑量形式提 供之補充品。 根據較佳實施例,本發明食品用於嬰兒及年幼兒童。本 · 發明之組合物及用途尤其適於具有過敏風險、具有家族過 - 敏史或已經歷數次過敏(尤其係呼吸過敏或皮膚過敏)發作 ^嬰兒及兒童。在-實施例中,本發明之組合物及用途適 合於具有過敏風險或已經歷過敏(尤其係呼吸過敏或皮膚 過敏)發作之青少年或成人。在一實施例中,本發明涵蓋 所主張組合物之用途,其用於嬰兒或年幼兒童群體且用於 緩和過敏症狀或在以後之生活中降低過敏風險。 該食。〇可根據產品類型以任何業内已知之適宜方式來製 備,且可在製程期間之適當階段將本發明寡醣混合物添加 至產品中。舉例而言,嬰兒配方可藉由將蛋白質來源與除 札糖以外之任何碳水化合物以及脂肪來源以適當比例摻和 起來製備。若需要可添加乳化劑。維生素及礦物可於 此時添加,但其通常在稍後添加以避免熱降解。可在摻和 j將任何親月9性維生素、1化劑及諸如此類溶解於脂肪來 原中然後可混入水(較佳為經過逆滲透之水)以形成液體 混合物。 然後’可藉由(例如)將液體混合物迅速加熱至介於約 8 0 C你的1气n0广' . 一、、’、U C之間之範圍内之溫度並保持介於約5秒與約 160460.doc • 16 - 201242518 5分鐘之間之持續時間,來熱處理液體混合物以降低細菌 載量。此可藉助蒸汽注入、高壓釜或熱交換器(例如,板 式熱交換器)來實施。 然後’可藉由(例如)急驟冷卻將液體混合物冷卻至介於 約60 C與約85 C之間。然後,可在(例如)兩個階段中再次將 液體成合物均質化’在第一階段中介於約1〇 MPa與約3〇 MPa 之間’且在第二階段中介於約2 Mpa與約丨0 MPa之間。然 後’可進一步冷卻均質化混合物以添加任何熱敏感性組 份’例如維生素及礦物質。宜在此時調整均質化混合物之 pH及固體含量。 將均質化混合物轉移至適宜乾燥裝置(例如,噴霧乾燥 器或冷凍乾燥器)中並轉化為粉末。粉末之水分含量應小 於約)重量%。N-乙醯基·乳糖胺、唾液酸基化寡醣及岩藻 醣基化寡醣可在此階段藉由與益生菌菌株(若使用)一起乾 燥混合後添加,或由其以晶體糖漿形式與益生菌菌株(若 使用)一起摻和並噴霧乾燥(或冷凍乾燥)後添加。 較佳藉由乾燥混合將本發明寡醣混合物直接添加至嬰兒 配方中。然而,若其係自動物乳製備,例如如下文所述, 則可方便地添加寡醣混合物而不必首先移除所有乳糖。由 於嬰兒配方含有通常完全或部分由乳糖構成之碳水化合物 組份’故熟習此項技術者可瞭解,慮及所添加寡醣混合物 蹲提供之額外碳水化合物’將需要調整嬰兒配方中之碳水 化合物含量。寡醣混合物在年幼兒童或嬰兒食品或配方中 之最終濃度以乾物質之重量計較佳係0.3%至4%,較佳 160460.doc 17· 201242518 0.75%至1·54〇/。。此相當於〇 2克,升至5克/升復水配方,較 佳1克/升至2克/升之濃度。然而,該等量不應視作限制 性,且應基於(例如)年幼兒童或嬰兒之體重及年齡或健康 來配合目標群體。較佳地,在每次餵養嬰兒時給予嬰兒含 有本發明寡醣混合物之配方或飲食。 另一選擇為,可藉由濕式混合將募醣混合物添加至含水 嬰兒或成人食品中。可以約〇 2至約5克寡醣/升產品之濃度 將該混合物添加至嬰兒配方中。然而,該等量不應視作限 制性,且應基於(例如)年幼兒童或嬰兒之體重及年齡或特 定群體之健康來配合目標群體。在使用濕式混合法時,較 佳以糖漿形式來添加寡醣摻合物。糖漿可含有至多8〇%總 固體,但此不應具限制性。 儘管其較佳補充專門以嬰兒營養為目標之食品,但其亦 可有益於補充並無專門目標或以成人群體為目標之食品。 舉例而言’可將本發明寡醣混合物納入保健營養產品及老 年營養產品中。該等食品尤其可包括乳、酸乳、凝乳、乾 酪、冰淇淋。該等食品亦包括口服食物補充品及腸營養製 劑或例如供導管灌食投與。 除了本發明寡醣混合物以外,諸如嬰兒配方等食品可包 含一或多種可單獨添加之其他寡醣。 現將參照以下實例來闡釋本發明。 實例1 下文給出含有本發明寡醣混合物之嬰兒配方之實例。另 一實例基於市售NAN及/或Lactogen嬰兒配方(來自Nestl0, 160460.doc -18- 201242518 瑞士),以下文所述量向其添加本發明特定寡醣。 營養素 每 100 kcal 每升 能量(kcal) 100 670 蛋白質(ί;) 1.83 12.3 脂肪⑹ 5.3 35.7 亞麻油酸(g) 0.79 5.3 α-次亞麻油酸(mg) 101 675 乳糖(g) 11.2 74.7 礦物(g) 0.37 2.5 Na (mg) 23 150 K (mg) 89 590 Cl (mg) 64 430 Ca (mg) 62 410 P (mg) 31 210 Mg (mg) 7 50 Mn(gg) 8 50 Se(pg) 2 13 維生素A RE) 105 700 維生素D(pg) 1.5 10 維生素E(mgTE) 0.8 5.4 維生素K1 (pg) 8 54 維生素C (mg) 10 67 維生素B1 (mg) 0.07 0.47 維生素B2 (mg) 0.15 1.0 於驗酸(mg) 1 6.7 維生素】36 (mg) 0.075 0.50 葉酸(hg) 9 60 泛酸(mg) 0.45 3 維生素B12hg) 0.3 2 生物素&g) 2.2 15 膽鹼(mg) 10 67 Fe: (mg) 1.2 8 i (μ§) 15 100 C a (mg) 0.06 0.4 Zn (mg) 0.75 5 3’唾液睃基乳糖(mg) 30 200 6'唾液酸基乳糖(mg) 6 40 LNnT (mg) 30 200 2FL(g) 0.3 2.0 實驗數據: 發現總結 16CK60.doc 19· 201242518 下文概述之發現顯示,寡醣之特定摻合物促進諸如長雙 歧桿菌嬰兒亞種(^//而奶·⑽/〇叹請山)等 乳酸菌之代謝活性及生長。不希望受理論限制,此效應可 部分解釋以下觀測結果:發現若剖腹產出生之兒童出現異 位性過敏且尤其異位性濕疹直至2歲,則在其母親之早期 乳中該等特定寡醣摻合物之量相對較低。此表明,根據本 發明,提供具有安全量之特定寡醣摻合物以及水解蛋白質 (完全、廣泛或部分)之營養組合物可幫助重新確立嬰兒腸 道令細菌之天然平衡及/或由此在預防及/或治療皮膚病況 及皮膚疾病(較佳異位性皮膚炎)方面正面影響健康狀態。 此外,藉由提供尤其作為嬰兒配方之本發明營養組合物之 實際新健康效應之實例,該等發現證實了本發明之有用 性。 研究模型1:長雙歧桿菌嬰兒亞種之刺激 方法: 使長雙歧桿菌嬰兒亞種(ATCC15697)在API生長培養基 中厭氧生長’ s亥API生長培養基補充有1% (w/v)葡萄糖或 1% (w/v) 2'岩藻醣基乳糖(2FL)或1% (W/V”L_N新四酶 (LNnT)或1% (w/v) 6’唾液酸基乳糖(6SL)或1% (w/v)之等量 2FL、LNiiT及6SL之組合。稀釋每一過夜培養物,以在含 有0.1%葡萄糖作為碳源之DMEM(杜貝克氏改良伊氏培養 基,Dulbeccos modined Eagle Medium)中具有 〇.1 之起始 OD600。戶斤用此培養基不含任何其他碳水化合物補充品或 具有額外之1% (w/v)葡萄糖或1% (w/v) 2'岩藻醣基乳糖 160460.doc -20- 201242518 (2FL)或 1% (w/v)乳-N-新四醣(LNnT)或 1% (w/v) 6,唾液酸 基乳糖(6SL)或1% (w/v)之等量2FL、LNnT及6SL之組合。 由此在37°C厭氧條件下調整DMEM培養基之條件。 再培育一夜之後,藉由在600 nm下量測OD來監測細菌 之生長。然後使條件培養基離心且經由0.22微米過濾器過 濾上清液以移除細菌。藉由HPLC使用Hi-Plex Η管柱及UV 檢測器來定量條件培養基中之乙酸鹽。 結果: 驚奇地發現,由等份之岩藻醣基化寡醣(例如,2'FL)、 N-乙醯基化寡醣(例如,LNnT)及唾液酸基化寡醣(例如, 6SL)組成之寡醣摻合物顯著提高乳酸菌(例如,雙歧桿菌) 之代謝活性,如藉由乙酸鹽之形成可見(圖1)。 寡膽摻合物亦刺激該細菌之生長(圖2)。 圖i圖解說明實驗結果,其指示雙歧桿菌(長雙歧桿菌嬰 兒亞種)在不含額外碳水化合物或具有以下額外物質之 DMEM培養基t之代謝刺激:葡萄糖(Glc)或乳-N-新四酷 (ϊ/ΝηΤ)或2’岩藻醣基乳糖(2FL)或6’唾液酸基乳糖(6SL)或 LNnT、6SL及2FL之摻合物。(η = 6 ;顯示帶有SEM之平均 值;指明ANOVA顯著性(ρ<0·01))。 注意:僅LNnT、6SL及2FL之摻合物顯著刺激乙酸鹽之 產生。 圖2圖解說明實驗結果,其顯示雙歧桿菌(長雙歧桿菌嬰 兒亞種)在不含額外碳水化合物或具有以下額外物質之培 養基中之活體外生長:葡萄糖(Glc)或乳-N-新四醣(LNnT) I60460.doc 21 201242518 或2'岩藻醣基乳糖(2FL)或6'唾液酸基乳糖(6SL)或LNnT、 6SL及2FL之摻合物。(n=4 ;顯示帶有SEM之平均值;藉由 小寫字母指明ANOVA顯著性(p<0.01))。 研究模型2:母乳樣品之回顧性流行病學分析及直至2歲時 過敏疾病之發生 方法: 自約52個剖腹產出生之嬰兒母親對之隊列分析早期乳樣 品中存在之特定寡醣之量。為此,將脫脂乳樣品在水中稀 釋10倍至100倍,並藉由配備有CarboPac PA1管柱(Dionex) 及電化學檢測器之HPAEC (Dionex)來分析。利用可靠募醣 標準品實施寡醣鑑別及量化。將嬰兒中以〉過鉸疾濟、⑺) 屌位尨過敏、異位沒濕疹之不存在或存在對由2凡、 LNnT及 6SL組成(圖 3)或由 2FL、LNnT、LNT(乳四醣)、 6SL及3SL(3,唾液酸基乳糖)組成(圖4)之寡醣摻合物之量作 圖0 圖3圖解說明實驗結果,其顯示在剖腹產出生之兒童中 直至2歲時(A)過敏疾病、(B)異位性過敏、(c)異位性濕疹 之不存在㈤及發生(是)。對在母乳中量測之特定寡㈣ 合物之量作圖。此處,代表之寡醣摻合物係2,岩藻醣基乳 糖(2FL)、乳_Ν·新四骑⑽叫及6,唾液酸基乳糖⑽[)之總 和。(指明統計顯著性) 之 圖4圖解說明實驗結果,其顯示在剖腹產出生之兒』 直至2歲時(A)過敏疾病、(B)異位性過敏、(C)異位性^ 夕不存在(否)及發生(是對在母乳中量測之特定寡麵 160460.doc -22· 201242518 合物之量作圖。此處,代表之寡醣摻合物係2'岩藻醣基乳 糖(2FL)、乳-N-新四醣(LNnT)、乳-N-四醣(LNT)、6丨唾液 酸基乳糖(6SL)及3'唾液酸基乳糖(3 SL)之總和。(指明統計 顯著性) 結果: 驚奇地發現’在兒童出現過敏疾病(圖3A、4A)時,早期 乳中特定寡醣摻合物之含量傾向於相對較低。對於異位性 疾病真尤其異位性濕疹,量測到若兒童直至2歲為止出現 該等過敏,則其母親之早期乳中寡醣摻合物之含量顯著較 低。 160460.doc -23-
Claims (1)
- 201242518 七、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種寨醣混合物’其包含至少一種乙醯基-N-乳糖胺、至 少一種唾液酸基化寡醣及至少—種岩藻醣基化寡醣。 2. 如請求項1之寡醣混合物’其中該乙醯基_N_乳糖胺選自 . 包含乳四醣及乳-N-新四醣之群,該唾液酸基化寡醣 選自包含3'-唾液酸基乳糖及6,_唾液酸基乳糖之群,且該 岩藻膽基化养膽選自包含以下之群:21_岩藻醣基乳糖、 3-岩藻醣基乳糖、二岩藻醣基乳糖、乳_N_岩藻五醣、 乳-N-二岩藻六醣I、單岩藻醣基乳_N_六醣、二岩藻醣基 乳六醣I及二岩藻醣基乳新六醣π。 3. 如請求項1及2中任一項之寡醣混合物,其係合成的或源 自動物乳。 4. •種食πσ,其包含如請求項1至3中任一項之寡醣混合 物’其較佳係嬰兒配方。 5. 如請求項4之食品,其包含蛋白質來源、脂肪來源及碳 水化合物來源。 6. 如凊求項4及5中任一項之食品,其係初生嬰兒配方 (starter mfant formula)、嬰兒配方、幼兒食物嬰兒穀 類且s物、較大嬰兒配方(f〇U〇formula)或成長乳, . 且該食品較佳係初生嬰兒配方。 7_如叫求項4及5中任一項之食品,其進一步包含至少一種 益生菌菌株’該益生菌菌株較佳係雙歧桿菌 (B】 fld〇bacteria)及 /或乳酸桿菌(Lactobacilli) 〇 8.如吻求項4及5中任一項之食品,其用於預防食物過敏及 1604o0.doc 201242518 相關食物過敏對健康之效應及降低其風險及/或降低其嚴 重性及/或降低其發生率。 9.如請求項8之食品’其中該等效應係(i)皮膚效應、異位 性皮膚炎、皮療或發紅;(Π)對免疫系統或發炎狀態之效 應’或(111)對胃腸道系統之效應,例如絞痛、腹痛及諸 如此類。 1 〇.如凊求項4及5中任一項之食品,其用於增強對過敏原之 口服耐受性。 11·種包含养醣混合物之食品之用途,該寡醣混合物包含 至^種1^-乙醯基-乳糖胺、至少一種唾液酸基化募醣及 至乂種石藻醣基化寡醣,該食品用於製造合成營養組 合物’邊合成營養組合物用於預防食物過敏及相關食物 過敏對健康之效應及降低其風險及/或降低其嚴重性及/ 或降低其發生率。 12. 一種包含寡醣混合物之食品之用途,該寡餹混合物包含 至乂種>1-乙酿基乳糖胺、至少—種唾液酸基化寡醋及 至少一種岩藻醣基化寡醣,該食品用於製造合成營養組 合物,該合成營養組合物用於增強對過敏原之口服耐受 其中該食品係較佳以 其中該食品進一步包含 於以下之健康效應:減 正面影響針對過敏之保 13_如請求項11及丨2中任—項之用途 單位劑量形式提供之補充品。 14.如請求項4及5中任一項之食品, 益生菌,該等益生菌較佳具有關 少食物過敏、維持腸細菌平衡或 160460.doc 201242518 護,且較佳為含有可有效產生該健康效應之量。 15. 如請求項11及12中任一項之用途,其中該食品進一步包 含益生菌’該等益生菌較佳具有關於以下之健康效應: 減少食物過敏,維持腸細菌平衡或正面影響針對過敏之 保護’且較佳為含有可有效產生該健康效應之量。 160460.doc
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| EP10192231A EP2454948A1 (en) | 2010-11-23 | 2010-11-23 | Oligosaccharide mixture and food product comprising this mixture, especially infant formula |
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| PT (1) | PT2642876T (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2581731C2 (zh) |
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| TW (1) | TW201242518A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2012069416A1 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201304644B (zh) |
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