TW201233331A - Nutritional products including monoglycerides and fatty acids - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are nutritional formulations including predigested fats that can be administered to preterm infants, infants, toddlers, and children for improving tolerance, digestion, and absorption of nutrients and for reducing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, colic, and short bowel syndrome. The predigested fats include fatty acid-containing monoglycerides and/or a fatty acid component.

Description

201233331 VI. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a nutritional product comprising pre-digested fat and to a method of using the nutritional product. More particularly, the present invention relates to infants, young children, and pediatrics comprising fatty acid-containing monoglycerides and/or fatty acid components for a nutritional benefit, including improved digestion, tolerance, and nutrient absorption, and Reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, abdominal pain and short bowel disease. CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS RELATED APPLICATIONS STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENT REGARDING RELATED APPLICATIONS, RELATED APPLICATIONS, RELATED APPLICATIONS U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/428,176, filed on Dec. 29, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/428,177, filed on December 29, 2010, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/, filed on Dec. 29, 2010 The benefit of 428 '185, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference. [Prior Art] Nutrient liquids and powders (including infant and pediatric formulas) containing targeted nutrients are well known and widely available, some of which are available for a single source of nutrition, while others provide supplemental sources. Such nutrients include powders that can be reconstituted with water or other aqueous liquids, as well as concentrated and ready-to-drink nutrient liquids, such as milk or protein based emulsions. These nutrient liquids are especially useful when formulated with selected nutrients. It is generally considered that breast milk is the best nutrition for newborn babies, but not every 161217.doc 201233331 Mothers can successfully breastfeed. Breastmilk substitutes (infant formulas) provide complete nutrition and have been shown to meet normal growth and developmental nutritional needs of infants. Unfortunately, a small proportion of infant formula-fed newborns may experience gastrointestinal (GI) intolerance problems, including soft stools, flatulence, necrotizing enterocolitis, abdominal pain, and the like. GI intolerance issues can be at least partially Due to the incomplete digestion and absorption of infant nutrients. To address this tolerance problem, some infant formulas exclude lactose as a component, while others replace hydrolyzed proteins with intact milk proteins to reduce the burden on the infant's digestive system. In addition, some formula-fed newborn babies have a much lower rate of fat absorption than breast-fed babies. This difference in fat absorption rate decreases as the baby matures. It is speculated that newborn babies lack lipase and therefore cannot digest and absorb fat as well as breastfed babies who receive lipase from breast milk. The digestive system of premature infants is less developed than the digestive system of full-term infants, which requires more nutrients (calories) than full-term infants to promote growth and development. Medium chain diglyceride (MCT oil) is easy to digest and absorb and is included in preterm formula to improve formula fat, protein and calcium absorption. However, medium chain triglycerides contain medium chain fatty acids that are not used to re-synthesize triglycerides to form chylomicrons after digestion and absorption of MCT oil. Because many fat-soluble nutrients (such as carotenoids and vitamins A, d, E, and K) are encapsulated into chylomicrons before entering the systemic circulation, the benefits of mct oil for fat-soluble nutrient absorption (for growth) And development is also important) may be subject to more restrictions. 1612I7.doc 201233331 In the past, we have tried to solve the GI problem and other problems mentioned above, but it is desirable to provide good tolerance and digestion that can provide similar nutritional benefits to breast milk and also provide water-insoluble hydrophobic nutrients. And infants and pediatric formulations that absorb and reduce the incidence of conditions such as necrotizing enterocolitis, abdominal pain, and short bowel disease. In addition, it would be beneficial if the formulations were free of stabilizers and in particular no carrageenan. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to nutritional products, and in particular to infant formulas, which comprise a pre-digested fat comprising a fatty acid monoglyceride and/or fatty acid component. These nutritional compositions can be advantageously used to improve the tolerance of nutrients (including water-insoluble/fat-soluble nutrients), digestion and absorption, and to reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, abdominal pain and short bowel disease. In certain embodiments, the fatty acid component can be in the form of a fatty acid or in the form of a calcium or magnesium salt of a fatty acid, thereby providing other benefits of other nutrients. One embodiment is a nutritional product comprising a fat system. The fat system comprises at least 10% by weight of a mixture of an unsaturated free fatty acid component and a fatty acid-containing monoglyceride. Another embodiment is an infant formula comprising a fat system. The fat system comprises a mixture of at least 10% by weight of an unsaturated free fatty acid component and a fatty acid-containing monoglyceride. It has been found that nutrients (such as infants, toddlers, and pediatric formulas) containing pre-digested fats (such as monoglycerides and fatty acids as described herein) can alleviate the overall burden of the baby's fat digestive system to improve infant fat digestion and absorption 161217 .doc 201233331 Received, containing water-insoluble / fat-soluble nutrient absorption. In particular, the absorption of pre-digested fat in the proximal portion of the small intestine stimulates CCK secretion, which promotes pancreatic alpha-cell maturation and digestive enzyme secretion. In addition, GLP-1 and GLP-2 secretion are stimulated, which further promotes intestinal maturation. Surprisingly, the use of pre-digested fat and subsequent secretion of CCK and GLP-1 delays GI transport and stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion to allow nutrient digestion and absorption to be more complete. A decrease in the amount of nutrients entering the infant's colon leads to a decrease in colonic fermentation, which is partly responsible for the problem of flatulence and soft stools. In addition, the use of pre-digested fat has been found to reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, abdominal pain and/or short bowel disease. Furthermore, it has been found that the pre-digested fat unsaturated fatty acid component can react with the magnesium or magnesium source and the resulting salt is surprisingly bioavailable. In addition to providing a good source of calcium or magnesium, the calcium or magnesium salts are surprisingly milder than fatty acids which generally have a bitter taste and impart a strong burning sensation in the throat. In addition, it has been found that fatty acid calcium or magnesium salts surprisingly act to stabilize the nutritional emulsion because it does not form sediments that are difficult to disperse in the emulsion, unlike many insoluble calcium salts that have this tendency. Thus, in various embodiments, the inclusion of a fatty acid calcium or magnesium salt as part of the pre-digested fat may reduce the need for stabilizers such as keratin. [Embodiment] The nutritional products described herein include pre-digested fat. In various embodiments, the iso-product contains a fatty acid containing monoglyceride g and a fatty acid component such that the pre-digested fat system comprises two components. By reducing the burden on infants and young children; the digestive system of children' is to provide stable bioavailable products: 161217.doc 201233331 Achieve multiple benefits. These and other features of the nutritional product, as well as a variety of variations, as appropriate, and some of the additions are described in detail below. The terms "sterilizer" and "sterilizer" are used interchangeably herein and, unless otherwise stated, are meant to fill a container with a nutrient liquid (most typically a metal can or other similar package) and subsequently fill the liquid. Encapsulating the necessary thermal sterilization steps to form a common operation for sterilizing a sterilized bottling nutrient liquid product. The term "aseptically packaged" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to the manufacture of a packaged product that does not rely on the above described sterilization step, wherein the nutritional liquid and package are separately sterilized prior to filling and subsequently subjected to sterilization or aseptic processing conditions. Combine to form a sterilized, aseptically packaged nutritional liquid product. The terms "fat" and "oil j" are used interchangeably herein to refer to a plant derived from or derived from a plant or animal, unless otherwise stated, and the terms "g" also include synthetic lipid materials. As long as the synthetic substances are suitable for human oral administration. 四 Unless otherwise stated, (4) The term "storage stable" as used in this document (4) means at least 3 months (including (10) months to about 24 months) after encapsulation and subsequent storage at 18_2 generations. Nutritional products that are still commercially stable after the month 'and also contains from about 12 months to about 18 months'. The terms "nutritional formula" or "nutrition" or "nutritional composition" are used interchangeably. Use 'and unless otherwise stated, refers to liquid and solid (including semi-liquid and semi-solid) human milk fortifiers, liquid and solid preterm formula, liquid and solid infant formula, liquid and solid second stage 161217.doc 201233331 Formulas for formulas for children, liquids and solids, as well as liquid and solid infant formulas. The solids can be a powder that can be reconstituted to form a nutrient liquid, all of which include one or more of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates and are suitable for oral administration to humans. The term "nutritional liquid" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to a nutrient in a ready-to-drink liquid form, a concentrated form, and a nutritional liquid prepared by reconstituting the nutritional powder described herein prior to use. The term "nutritional powder" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to a nutrient in a flowable or pharmaceutically acceptable form that can be reconstituted with water or another aqueous liquid prior to administration, and includes spray drying and dry mixing/dry mixing. Powder. "Baby" means 12 "premature baby" means "child" means ~ unless otherwise stated, the term "monthly or younger" as used herein. As used herein, the term infant born before 36 weeks of gestation. The term "from one year old to three years old" as used herein, unless otherwise stated. The term "child" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to a person between the ages of three and twelve. The term "pre-digested fat" as used herein, unless otherwise stated, is intended to include a fatty acid monoglyceride and/or fatty acid component. The term "infant formula" as used herein, unless otherwise stated, is suitable for infants to take liquid and solid nutritional supplements as a primary source of nutrients. Unless otherwise stated, the term "premature formula" as used herein is suitable for preterm infants to take liquid and solid nutrients as a major source of nutrients 161,217.Λ 201233331. = not otherwise stated ’ $ The term “human milk fortifier” as used herein refers to liquid and solid nutritional supplements that are suitable for preterm or full-term infants by mixing with breast milk or premature & . . The term "early acid glycerol si containing a fatty acid" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to one of the (f) (4), 2 (β) or Sn-3 (a') positions of the glycerol molecule. A glyceride covalently bonded to a fatty acid chain of a glycerol molecule. The term "fatty acid component" as used herein, unless otherwise stated, is derived from a free fatty acid derived from a source of less than 20% (by mass. i*) of the total amount of meat, palmitic acid and stearic acid. Or a fatty acid salt (such as a fatty acid calcium or magnesium salt). The term "liposoluble nutrient" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to water-insoluble nutrients such as oil-soluble (fat-soluble) vitamins (eg, vitamins A, D, £ and κ), carotenoids (eg, lutein). , β-moon radish, lycopene, etc.), glycolipids (nerveolipids), sterols and phytochemicals. Nothing is explicitly disclosed, and the numerical ranges used herein are intended to encompass each value and sub-set of the. In addition, the numerical ranges are to be construed as providing support for the claims of any value or subset of values within the range. The disclosures 1 to 10 are understood to support 2 to 8, 3 to 7, 5 to 6, 1 to 9. Ranges from 3.6 to 4.6, 3, 5 to 9.9, etc. All singular features or limitations of the present invention are intended to include the singular 161217.doc 201233331 features or limitations, and vice versa, unless otherwise stated or indicated to the contrary. All methods or master combinations as herein may be performed, unless otherwise stated or clearly indicated to the contrary. The various embodiments of the nutritional products of the present invention may also be free of any optional or selected ingredients or features described herein, with the proviso that the remaining nutritional products should still contain all of the desired ingredients or characteristics as described herein. . In this context, and unless otherwise stated, the term "substantially absent" means that the selected nutrient contains less than 丄% by weight of the component, which is less than 功能.5 wt%, contains less than 〇. % by weight and also included % by weight of the component present or selected as appropriate. The nutraceuticals and methods can comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of, the product elements described herein, as well as any other or optionally existing elements described herein or otherwise applicable to the use of the nutraceutical and method. Product Form The pre-digested fat-containing nutrient of the present invention and related methods can be formulated and executed in any known or otherwise suitable oral product form. Any solid semi-solid, liquid, semi-liquid or powder form, including combinations or variations thereof, is used herein with the proviso that such forms permit safe and effective oral delivery to an individual, as defined herein. ingredient. The nutritional product of the present invention comprises pre-digested fat as described herein. Such products may optionally comprise a combination of a fatty acid containing monoglyceride or fatty acid component with other fat sources as described below. Such products may comprise any of the product forms including the ingredients described herein and which are safe and effective for oral administration, 16l2l7.doc -10- 201233331. The nutritional products may be formulated to include only those described herein, or may be modified with components as appropriate to form a plurality of different product forms. The nutritional product of the present invention is preferably formulated in the form of a dietary product, which is defined herein as a product form comprising at least one of fat, protein and carbohydrate, and preferably also vitamins, minerals or combinations thereof. Examples of the components of the invention. In various embodiments A, the product will include a combination of pre-digested fat with protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals to produce a nutritional product. The ## nutraceuticals can be formulated with sufficient types and amounts of nutrients to provide a single, primary or supplemental source of nutrition, or to provide an individual dedicated to a particular disease or condition or a nutritional product with a targeted nutritional benefit. For example, specific non-limiting examples of product forms suitable for use with the pre-digested fats disclosed herein include liquid and powdered human milk fortifiers, liquid and powdered preterm formulas, liquid and powdered infant formulas, liquids And powdery and semi-element formulas, liquid and powdered pediatric formulas, and liquid and powdered infant formulas. Nutrient fluids Nutritional fluids contain concentrated and ready-to-eat nutrient liquids. These nutrient liquids are most commonly formulated as suspensions or emulsions. Suitable nutritional emulsions can be aqueous emulsions containing proteins, fats and carbohydrates. The emulsions are typically in the form of a flowable or potable liquid at from about 1 to about 25 ° C and are typically in the form of an oil-in-water, water-in-oil or complex aqueous emulsion. However, such emulsions most generally have a continuous aqueous phase and Continuous oil phase in the form of 1612l7.doc 201233331 oil-in-water emulsion. The nutritional emulsion can be stable to storage and generally stable to storage. These nutritional emulsions typically contain up to about 95 weight percent based on the weight of the nutritional emulsion. The water of the crucible includes from about 50% by weight to about 95% by weight, and also includes about 60% by weight. /〇 to about 90% by weight' and also includes from about 7% by weight to about 88% by weight of water. The nutritional emulsion can have a variety of product densities, but most typically has a bulk of greater than about 丨〇3 g/ml 'including greater than about 〇4, including greater than about 丨〇55 g/ml' including from about 1.06 g/mi to about 112. g/m丨, and also includes from about 1 〇85 g/ml to about 1.10 g/ml. The nutritional emulsion can have a caloric density tailored to meet the nutritional needs of the end user's. However, in most cases the emulsions typically contain at least 19 kcal/fl oz (660 kcal/liter)' more typically about 2 inches. Kcai/fi 〇z (675- 680 kcal / liter) to about 25 kcal / fl oz (820 kcal / liter), and even more generally about 20 kcal / fl OZ (675-680 kcal / liter) to about 24 kcal/fl oz (800-810 kcal/litre). In general, 22_24 kcal/fl 〇z (74〇_ 810 kcal/litre) formula is more commonly used in preterm or low birth weight infants, and 20-21 kcal/fl OZ (675-680 to 700 kcal/ Liters) formulas are more commonly used in term infants. In certain embodiments, the emulsion can have about! 〇〇 kcal/litre to a heat density of approximately 660 kcal/litre, including approximately 15 〇 kcal/litre to approximately 500 kcal/litre. The nutritional emulsion may have a pH in the range of from about 3.5 to about 8, but most advantageously in the range of from about 4.5 to about 7.5, including from about 5.5 to about 7.3, including from about 6.2 to about 7.2. Although the amount of nutrient emulsion can vary depending on a variety of variables, typical 161217.doc •12-201233331 is typically administered in an amount of at least about 2 mL' or even at least about 5 machines, or even at least mo mL' or even at least about 25 mL. It includes from about 2' to about 3 〇〇mL, including from about 4 mL to about 25 Torr, and includes from about 1 to about 240 mL. As noted above, the nutritional product may also be in a semi-liquid form, including such forms in which the properties (such as flow characteristics) are intermediate (between the liquid and the solid). Exemplary semi-liquids include viscous shakes and liquid gels. Nutritional Solids The nutritional solids can be in any solid form, but are generally in the form of a flowable or substantially flowable particulate composition, or at least a particulate composition. Particularly suitable nutritional solid product forms include spray dried, coalesced or dry blended powder compositions. The compositions can be easily retrieved or measured using a spoon or similar device, wherein the compositions can be readily reconstituted by a prospective user with a suitable aqueous liquid (typically water) to form a nutritional formulation. For immediate oral or enteral use. In this context, the use of "immediately" is usually within about 48 hours of recovery, most typically within about 24 hours. The nutritional powder can be reconstituted with water prior to use to a caloric density tailored to meet the end user's nutritional needs, but in most cases the powder is reconstituted with water to form at least 19 kcal/fl oz (660 kcal/liter) ), more generally about 20 kcal/fl oz (675-680 kcal / liter) to about 25 kcal / fl oz (820 kcal / liter), and even more generally about 20 kcal / fl oz (675-680 thousand Card/L) to a composition of approximately 24 kcal/fl oz (800-810 kcal/liter). In general, 22-24 kcal/fl οζ (740·810 kcal/litre) formula is more I61217.doc 13 201233331 is commonly used in premature or low birth weight infants, and 2〇_2l kcal/fi 〇ζ (675 · 680 to 700 kcal / liter) formula is more commonly used in term infants. In some embodiments, the reconstituted powder can have a caloric density of from about 5 kcal/liter to about 66 kcal/liter, including from about 1 kcal/liter to about 500 kcal/liter. As noted above, the nutritional product may also be in a semi-solid form, including such forms as properties (such as stiffness) in the intermediate state (between the solid and the liquid). Some semi-solid examples include puddings, gelatin, and creams. Pre-digested fat system A. Monoglyceride containing fatty acid. In certain embodiments, the nutritional product of the present invention comprises a fatty acid-containing monoglyceride, alone or in combination with a fatty acid component as described below, also referred to as Monothiol glycerol. Monoglyceride is a normal metabolite formed in the body when the triglyceride and the diglyceride are cleaved. As described, the fatty acid-containing monoglyceride can be combined with the fatty acid component (such as described below). The fatty acid and/or fatty acid salt combination is included in the nutritional product or may be included in the nutritional product in the absence of the fatty acid component. A fatty acid-containing monoglyceride suitable for use in a nutritional product may comprise a fatty acid having a bond length of 4 to 22 carbon atoms, including a fatty acid having a chain length of from 4 to 2 carbon atoms, and including palmitic acid ( 16 carbon atoms). Particularly preferred is a monoglyceride wherein at least 7% by weight of the fatty acid in the monoglyceride is at the Sn-1 position, including at least about 70% palmitate residue at the Sn-1 position (also referred to as the alpha position). The mono-monopalmitinate is included at a value of at least about 80°/. And includes approximately 85% at the location to approximately I61217.doc 14 201233331 100 /ό. Moreover, in certain embodiments, the monoglycerides included in the nutritional products described herein may include trace amounts of diglycerides, free glycerol, and/or free fatty acids. As used herein, the term "trace" means an amount not exceeding 10 wt/ό but more typically less than 7.5 wt%. In a particular embodiment, the monoglyceride in the nutrient (and, as the case may be, the fatty acid component as discussed below) is provided to the product, either partially or completely via the use of hydrolyzed lard or hydrolyzed animal fat. Lard, tallow and other animal-based products can be added to nutrients and hydrolyzed by pancreatic lipase to monoglycerides and fatty acids. Alternatively, lard or tallow can be incorporated into the nutrient after hydrolysis to produce monoglycerides and fatty acids which can be introduced into the nutrient. Lard, tallow or hydrolyzed lard or tallow may provide some or all of the monoglycerides and/or fatty acids in the nutrient. In another embodiment, the monoglycerides in the nutritional product are partially or completely derived from oils such as vegetable oils, marine animal oils, fish oils, algae oils, fungal oils, resins, and combinations thereof. For example, suitable vegetable oils include eucalyptus oil, canola oil, corn oil, palm oil, soybean oil, and combinations thereof. The monoglyceride containing a fatty acid is present in the nutrient-containing fat component in an amount of at least about 1% by weight of the fat component s contained in the nutrient. At least about 15% by weight of the product, including at least about 20% by weight of the fat component contained in the nutrient, and including the fat-containing group included in the nutrient The fraction is from 12% by weight to 45% by weight, including the tongue I. Barley 15% to 25% by weight includes about 10% by weight, including about j 5% by weight, including about 20% by weight, including about 25% by weight, including about 3% by weight, and further comprising about 35%. Weight 161217.doc -15-201233331%, or even about 40% by weight, or even about 50% by weight, or even about 60% by weight, or even about 70% by weight, or even about 80% by weight, or even about 90% by weight %, or even about 10% by weight. In a particular embodiment, when the nutritional product is a nutritional powder comprising about 28% (by weight of the nutritional powder) of the fat component, the fatty acid-containing monoglyceride is about 10% by weight of the fat component. The amount is present, or about 2.8 grams of fatty acid monoglyceride per 100 grams of nutritional powder. In another specific embodiment, when the nutritional product is a ready-to-feed nutritional liquid comprising about 3.67% (by weight of the ready-to-feed nutritional liquid) of the fat component, the fatty acid-containing monoglyceride is about 10% (by fat) The content of the component is in the presence of 'or a total of about 3,67 grams of a nutrient-containing nutrient liquid per 100 grams of a monoglyceride containing a fatty acid. In another specific embodiment, when the nutritional product is a concentrated nutritional liquid comprising a fat component of about 7 34 〇/〇 (by weight of the concentrated nutritional liquid), the fatty acid-containing monoglyceride is about 1 〇. The content of % (by weight of the fat component) is present, or about 734 grams of concentrated fatty acid monoglyceride per 100 grams of concentrated nutrient liquid. In addition to the various benefits listed above, it has also been found that monoglycerides containing fatty acids have antiviral and/or antibacterial activity in the nutritional product. In particular, it has been found that the presence of fatty acid monoglycerides in the nutritional product kills the pathogen and/or slows its replication. B. Fatty acid component In addition to or in place of the above-mentioned fatty acid-containing monoglyceride, the nutritional product of the present invention may comprise a fatty acid component containing fatty acid 161217.doc 16 201233331 as a pre-digested fat system Part of it. Fatty acid is a normal metabolite that is formed in the body when it is decomposed by oligosaccharides (diglycerides, diglycerides, cholesteryl esters and certain fats). The fatty acid components are independent and different from the above discussion. A monoglyceride containing a fatty acid. Any fatty acid that is beneficial in the nutritional product can be included in the nutritional product as a component of the pre-digested fat system. In one embodiment, the fatty acid is an unsaturated free fatty acid. In certain embodiments comprising unsaturated free fatty acids, the total amount of unsaturated free fatty acids having a chain length of more than 14 carbon atoms is less than 15 wt%. Exemplary fatty acids suitable for inclusion in the nutrients described herein include, but are not limited to, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, octadecaic acid, oleic acid, twenty carbon Alkenoic acid, mead acid, erucic acid, nervonic acid, and mixtures and combinations thereof. Particularly preferred fatty acids include arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and oleic acid. The fatty acid component contained in the pre-digested fat system includes those fatty acid components derived from oils such as vegetable oils, aquatic animal oils, fish oils, seaweed oils, fungal oils, animal fats, animal fat isolates, and combinations thereof. For example, suitable vegetable oils include eucalyptus oil, canola oil, corn oil, soybean oil, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, when animal fat is used, the fatty acid is obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of lard or tallow, and the content of palmitic acid and stearic acid in the resulting fatty acid mixture is reduced to less than 20% of the total fatty acid, including Less than 2% of total fatty acids. In another embodiment, at least some of the fatty acids are derived from soybean oil or a resin. Once derived from the oil source, the fatty acid is substantially free of monoglycerides, diglycerides, and triglycerides. 161217.doc • 17- 201233331 Fatty acids will generally be derived from source oils containing less than about 20% by weight palmitic acid and/or stearic acid and/or myristic acid. In certain embodiments, the fatty acid will be derived from less than about 15% by weight, including less than about 1% by weight, including less than about 5°. (by weight) and comprises less than 2% by weight of palm oil and/or source oil of stearic acid and/or myristic acid. In a particular embodiment, the fatty acid is derived from containing less than about 2% by weight of 'comprising from about 1% by weight to about 丨 (by weight) of banolic acid and/or stearic acid. And / or source of myristic acid. In another particular embodiment, the 'nutraceuate comprises palmitic acid in an amount less than about 10% by weight based on total fatty acids." In certain embodiments, the nutritional product can comprise a fatty acid in the form of a salt; The fatty acid can be added to the nutrient in the form of a fatty acid salt. In a suitable embodiment, the fatty acid is added to the nutritional product in the form of a fatty acid calcium salt, a fatty acid magnesium salt, or a combination thereof. Fatty acid salts can be prepared by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure herein. In a suitable process, an emulsion comprising a Cl〇_C24 fatty acid calcium salt can be prepared by first preparing a fatty acid salt by using several starting calcium sources mixed with at least one Cl0-C24 fatty acid source. More specifically, t, in one method, the starting source comprising a C10-C24 fatty acid in the form of a triglyceride blend or in a free form can be contacted by calcium hydroxide and/or calcium carbonate and/or calcium phosphate. And formed. In another method, the triglyceride blend or the free form of the anthracene 24 fatty acid can be obtained by hydrating & (: 12 or (: 3 (eight) with a 15^1 value of 6 to about 7.5. (^0) 2 is prepared by contact. The above method can be carried out under an inert atmosphere, for example, under argon or argon. In other examples, 161217.doc -18- 201233331, any γ 4 m * μ can be money Encircle ', which does not react under a low oxygen atmosphere. Include. <24 The source of the fatty acid and the source of the dance can be mixed by any method of this technique. "Mixed" does not mean to imply a specific mixed fruit. , for example, dissolving any component to a specific extent or forming a particular composition (such as a homogeneous mixture), but such mixtures may be produced and some components may be dissolved by mixing. The mixing may be vigorous and may be manual or by mechanical Loading, such as, but not limited to, a static mixer, a magnetic stirrer, a vibrator, a spinner, or a rotating device. Mixing can be performed by forcing a gas through the mixture or by bubbling a gas through the mixture or by sonication. Come on.

The Ci0-C24 fatty acid source can be mixed with the calcium source for at least ^ minutes. Mixing can also be performed at least 5, 15, 20, 25, 3, 35 4〇4/, 5〇, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 8〇, 85, 9〇, 95 or 1 minute Any of the values described above may form an upper or lower end if appropriate. Mixing can be carried out at various temperatures, but the process generally occurs at elevated temperatures. The exact temperature may depend on the specific starting source and amount of C1Q-C24 fatty acid or calcium. Suitable temperatures at which the disclosed mixing can be carried out include, but are not limited to, from about 4 ° C to about 100 ° c, from about urc to about 100 ° C, from about 15 C > c to about 10 ° (TC, or about 20 ° c) Up to about 70° C. Sources comprising C1()-C24 fatty acids or calcium may also be heated prior to mixing.This preheating step can be carried out at any of the temperatures or temperature ranges described herein. In certain embodiments ' ci0-C: Mixing of 24 fatty acids with calcium can be carried out under reduced pressure. Suitable pressure is less than or equal to about 1 Torr (T〇rr) or less than or equal to about 161217.doc -19· 201233331 ο. 1 Torr. In a preferred embodiment, the C1()-C24 fatty acid calcium salt is obtained by adding a free C1()-c24 unsaturated fatty acid and a calcium source such as Ca(OH)2, CaCl2, CaC03, calcium citrate or a mixture of such salts. Prepared to form an oil blend. More specifically, the fatty acid is dissolved in a warm aqueous solution (eg, having a temperature of from about 40 ° C to about 80 ° C.) The pH of the solution can be adjusted using KOH or NaOH. Adjust to a value of 1 to 11 which is generally about ι〇·ιι. Then add calcium to the dissolved fatty acid-containing solution. The acid and calcium are allowed to stand for a few minutes to ensure complete reaction between the fatty acid and the mother ion. The mixture is then homogenized to form an oil blend. In another preferred embodiment, a mixture of fatty acid calcium salts is prepared (including Fatty oils from fish oil, algae oil, fungal oil and soybean oil (S〇y 〇丨1) as part of the pre-digested fat system. Fish oil, algae oil, fungal oil and soybean oil are mixed together and under the nitrogen layer Hydrolysis of potassium argon. A calcium source (such as calcium carbonate) is then added to the mixture to react with the fatty acid to produce an insoluble fatty acid calcium salt. The insoluble fatty acid salts can be separated by filtration and washed with water, followed by vacuum drying. Seven people were surprised to find that although fatty acid salts (such as fatty acid strontium salts) are generally insoluble in nutrients, they do not settle in solution and form a sediment layer that is difficult to re-spray. Therefore, fatty acid calcium salts and/or Or fatty acid magnesium meaning better calcium/magnesium delivery, and in various embodiments eliminates the need for other stabilizers, such as keratin, to This allows the product to be substantially or completely "carrageenan-free." Therefore, compared to products that use calcium phosphate or calcium carbonate as a source of calcium, 161217.doc •20- 201233331 uses fatty acid salts to make calcium and/or magnesium and fatty acids In addition, it has been found that the use of fatty acid salts in the nutritional products of the present invention provides bioavailable fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (ARA) and its analogs, which are shown to enhance infant growth. The use of pre-digested fat is also provided with An improved nutritional stability of the product and a longer shelf life of the dairy nutrient. The nutritional product typically comprises at least about 10°/based on the fat component contained in the nutritional product. The (by weight) amount of fatty acid or fatty acid salt, including at least about 15% by weight, including at least about 2% by weight, including from about 1% by weight to about 60% by weight, based on the fat component contained in the nutritional product. And including from about 15% by weight to about 4% by weight 'and including from about 15% by weight to about 35% by weight, including about 1% by weight, including about 15% by weight, including about 2% by weight, including about 25% by weight Including about 30% by weight, including about 35% by weight and further including about 4,000% by weight, or even about 50% by weight, or even about 60% by weight, or even about 7% by weight, or even about 80% by weight/ 〇, or even about 90% by weight, or even about 100% by weight. In certain embodiments, the nutritional product comprises a mixture of a fatty acid component and a monoglyceride containing a fatty acid. In such embodiments, the nutritional product comprises a mixture of at least 1% by weight, based on the fat component contained in the nutritional product, comprising at least about 15% by weight based on the fat component contained in the nutritional product. And comprising at least about 20% by weight, including from about 10% to about 4% by weight, including from about 20% to about 65% by weight, including from about 25% to about 5% by weight, including about 15 weight. /〇 to about 30 weight 〇 / 0, and including about 15% by weight to about 25% by weight, including about 1% by weight, including about 15% by weight, including about 161217.doc -21 - 201233331 20% by weight, including about 25 wt%, including about 30 wt%, including about 35 wt%, and further including about 40 wt% or even about 50 wt%, or even about 60 wt%, or even about 70 wt%, or even about 80 wt% Or, even up to about 90% by weight or even about 1% by weight » In other embodiments, the nutritional product comprises at least 0.2% by weight, including at least 1% by weight of total dry matter in the nutritional product And a fatty acid component comprising at least 2% by weight and comprising at least 5% by weight, a fatty acid containing monoglyceride or a combination thereof. Macronutrient Although the total concentration or amount of fat, protein and carbohydrate can be determined by the type of product (ie, 'human milk fortifier, infant formula, etc. (ie, nutritive solids, powder, ready-to-feed liquid or concentrated type) The liquid) and the intended user's target dietary needs vary 'but the concentrations or amounts are most generally within one of the following specific ranges' include any other fat, protein and/or carbohydrate component as described herein. And for term infant formula, the carbohydrate concentration is most generally from about 5% to about 40%, including from about 7% to about 30%, including from about 5% to about 25%, based on the weight of the preterm or term infant formula. Within the scope, the fat concentration (including pre-digested fat and any other fat source) is generally from about 1% to about 3%, including from about 2% to about 15%, and includes about the weight of the preterm or term infant formula. Between 3% and about 1%; and the protein concentration is generally from about 5% to about 30% by weight of the preterm or term infant formula' including from about 1% to about 15% and including about 2% /. to about 1 In the range of %. 161217.doc •22- 201233331 For liquid human milk fortifier products, the weight of human milk fortifier. The ten' carbohydrate concentration is most generally from about 10% to about 75%, including about 10%. Up to about 50%, including from about 20% to about 40%; the fat concentration (including pre-digested fat and any other fat source) is generally from about 10% to about 4% by weight of the human milk fortifier? Included in the range of from about 15% to about 37% and including from about 18.8% to about 30%; and the protein concentration is most generally from about 5% to about 40% by weight of the human milk fortifier, including From 1% to about 30% and including from about 15% to about 25%. In addition to or as an alternative to the total caloric percentage in the nutraceuticals listed below, it also characterizes carbohydrates, fats and / or content or amount of protein. The macronutrients used in the liquid nutritional products of the present invention are most generally formulated in any of the calories described in the table below (Example A_F) (each term has the term "about"). Total nutrient enthalpy % Example A 霄 Example B Example C Water-breaking compound 0-98 2-96 10-75 Protein 0-98 2-96 5-70 Fat 0-98 2-96 20-85 ~ Example D Example E Example F Water-breaking compound 30-50 25-50 25-50 - Protein 15-35 10-30 5-30 '~~ Fat 35-55 1-20 2-20 - In a specific example, liquid infant formulas (ie, food forms and concentrated liquids) include such embodiments, The protein component may constitute from about 75% to about 25% of the caloric content of the formula; the carbohydrate component may constitute from about 35% to about 50% of the total caloric content of the infant formula; and the fat component may constitute an infant formula 30% to about 60% of the total calorie content. These ranges are provided only as examples 161217.doc •23- 201233331, and the term “about” is used before the restrictive values are given. Other suitable ranges (each) are listed in the table below. % Total nutrient calories Λ —— ____ Carbon water Compound: Fat: 20-8Γ~~~-- A 5-_70- -- Example Η 1δ^6〇 Example I 35-55 Protein: ~ ΤΤ5 20-ου Tso --- A 7-40 ' ~ When When the nutritional product is a powder type preterm or term infant formula, the protein component is about 5% to about 35%, including about 8% to about 12%, and includes about 嶋 to Approximately 12% by weight; the fat component is present in an amount from about i to, about, including from about 25% to about 30%, and including from about 26% to about 28%, by weight of the preterm or term 4c formula; And the carbohydrate component is present in an amount of from about 85%, including from about 45% to about 60%, and including from about 5% to about 55%, by weight of the preterm or term formula. For powdered human milk fortifiers, the protein component is from about 1% to about 55%, including from about 1% to about 5%, and including from about 10% to about 30% by weight of the human milk fortifier. The amount of /0 is present; the fat component is from about 1% to about 30°/❶, including from about 1% to about 25%, and including from about 1% to about 20°/% by weight of the human milk fortifier. The amount is present; and the carbohydrate component is present in an amount from about 15% to about 75%, including from about 15% to about 60%, and including from about 20% to about 50%, by weight of the human milk fortifier. The total amount or concentration of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins in the powdered nutritional products of the present invention can vary to a considerable extent depending on the selected product and the intended user's dietary or medical needs. Other suitable examples of macronutrient concentrations are listed below. In this context, total or concentration refers to all 161217.doc •24- 201233331 fat, carbohydrate and protein sources in powdered products. For powdered nutritional products, the total amount or concentration is most generally and preferably formulated within any of the specific ranges described in the table below (all values have previously been "about. Total nutrient heat %" Example J Example K Example L Carbohydrate 1-85 30-60 35-55 Fat 5-70 20-60 ~~-~~~ 25-50 Protein 2-75 5.50 - ------ 7-40 Fat In addition to pre-digested fat, The nutritional product of the present invention may also comprise other sources of fat (the total amount of fat referred to herein as the "fat component" or "fat system" of the nutritional product). Other fat sources suitable for use herein include those suitable for oral nutrition. Any fat or fat source that is compatible with the elements and characteristics of the products. Non-limiting examples of other fats or sources thereof suitable for use in the nutritional products described herein include coconut oil, coconut oil, Soybean oil, corn oil, eucalyptus oil, safflower seed oil, high oleic acid safflower seed oil, oleic acid (EMERS〇L 63 i 3 oleic acid), MCT oil (medium bond triglyceride), sunflower oil, high oil Sour sunflower oil, palm oil and palm kernel oil, palm olein, Flower seed oil, aquatic animal oil, fish oil, fungal oil, algae oil, cottonseed oil, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, 'suitable fat or source thereof includes long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA, preferably having Oils and oil blends of four or more double bonds of lc-PUFA). For example, certain non-limiting specific polyunsaturated acids including docosahexaenoic acid (DiIA) may be included. Peanut tetrabasic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and its analogues. The pre-digested fats described herein are usually associated with one, two, three, four 161217.doc •25- 201233331 or four A combination of the above other fat sources is included in the nutrient. In one embodiment, monoglyceride (ideally in the form of monopalmitate), fatty acid (ideally in the form of a calcium salt), high oil The sour oil and coconut oil are combined to provide a fat component in the nutrient. In this embodiment, the monoglyceride is from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component (including about 10% to About 30%, including about 1%, about 15%, about 20%, about 23% and about 25%) The fatty acid is present in an amount of from about 10%, including from about 1% to about 30%, including about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, and about 25%, by weight of the fat component; The high oleic acid oil is from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component, including from about 1% to about 30%, including about 1%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, and About 30%) is present; and from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component, including from about 10% to about 30%, including about 10%, about 15%, about 17%, Approximately 20% and approximately 25%) are present. In another embodiment, a fatty acid containing monoglyceride (ideally in the form of monopalmitate), a fatty acid component (ideally in the form of a calcium salt), high oleic safflower oil, and coconut oil Combined to provide a fat component in the nutritional product. In this embodiment, the monoglyceride is from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component, including from about 10% to about 30%, including about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 23% and about 25%) are present; the fatty acid is from about 1% to about 4% by weight of the fat component, including from about 1% to about 30%, including about 1% to about 5%, about 5% , about 20% and about 25%); the high oleic acid oil is from about 1% to about 4% by weight (including about 1 〇〇/〇 to about 3% by weight) based on the weight of the fat component. Included in an amount of about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, and about 30%); and from about 1% to about 161,217.doc of the weight of the fat component. % (including from about 10% to about 30%, including about 10%, about 15%, about 17%, about 20%, and about 25%) is present. In another embodiment, a fatty acid containing monoglyceride (ideally in the form of monopalmitoyl glyceride), a fatty acid component (ideally in the form of a calcium salt), high oleic safflower oil, coconut The oil, DHA-containing oil and ARA-containing oil are combined to provide a fat component in the nutritional product. In this embodiment, the monoglyceride is from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component, including from about 10% to about 30%, including about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 23% and about 25%) are present; from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component, including from about 10% to about 30%, including about 10%, about 15%, about 20% And about 25%); the high oleic acid oil is from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component, including from about 10% to about 30%, including about 1%, about 15% 'about 20%, about 25%, and about 30%) is present; and from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component, including from about 1% to about 30%, including about 10%, Approximately 15%, approximately 17%, approximately 20% and approximately 25%) are present. The DHA-containing oil is present in an amount of from about 1% to about 1% by weight (including about 5 Å/0) of the weight of the fat component and the ARA oil is from about 1% to about 1% by weight of the fat component. The amount (including about 5%) exists. In another embodiment, the fat component comprises about 38% by weight high oleic safflower oil 'about 17% by weight coconut oil, about 23% by weight glycerol monopalmitate. About 20% by weight of the fatty acid salt, about 0.5% by weight of the DHA-containing oil and about 1.0% by weight of the ARA-containing oil. Protein In addition to pre-digested fat, the nutritional product of the present invention may be further 161217.doc •27-201233331 White is suitable for oral nutrition and can be compatible with the current product. . The elements and special protein sources are suitable for use in combination with pre-digested fat. Non-limiting examples of proteins or sources thereof for use in such nutraceuticals, hydrolyzed, partially hydrolyzed or non-hydrolyzed protein or protein sources, which may be derived from sources known or otherwise suitable, such as milk (eg, albumin, milk) Qing), animals (such as meat, fish), booties (such as rice, corn), planting (such as large and) or a combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of such proteins include milk protein isolates, milk protein concentrates as described herein, albumin isolates, extensively hydrolyzed cool proteins, whey proteins, passin sodium salts or feed salts, all Milk, partially or fully skimmed milk, soy protein isolate, soy protein concentrate, and the like. Carbohydrates The nutritional products of the present invention may further comprise any carbohydrate suitable for oral nutrition and compatible with the elements and characteristics of such products, as appropriate. Non-limiting examples of carbohydrates or sources thereof suitable for use in the nutrients described herein can include maltodextrin, hydrolyzed or modified starch or corn starch, glucose polymer, corn syrup, corn syrup solids, derived from rice Carbohydrates, carbohydrates derived from peas, carbohydrates derived from potatoes, cassava, rabbit sugar, glucose, fructose 'lactose, high fructose corn syrup, honey, sugar alcohols (eg maltitol, erythritol, sorbus) Sugar alcohol), artificial sweeteners (such as sucralose, saponin, stevia) and combinations thereof. Other Ingredients Dependent on the Condition The nutritional product of the present invention may further comprise other components which are optionally present, 161217.doc -28- 201233331 which may alter the physical, chemical, aesthetic or processing characteristics of the products, or may be used in the target The group acts as a medical or other nutrient component. It is known that many (four) isoforms exist or are otherwise suitable for use in a medical food or its medicinal or pharmaceutical dosage form, and can also be used in the compositions herein, the second condition being such a component It is safe for oral administration and is compatible with the ingredients of the selected product form. Non-limiting examples of such optional ingredients include preservatives, antioxidants, emulsifiers, buffers, fructooligosaccharides 'galactooligosaccharides, probiotics, pharmaceutically actives, other nutrients as described herein , colorants, flavoring agents, thickeners and stabilizers, emulsifiers, lubricants, and the like. The nutritional product may further comprise a sweetener, preferably comprising at least one sugar alcohol such as maltitol, erythritol, sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, isomalt, and lactitol And preferably also includes at least one artificial or high performance sweetener such as acesulfame K, aspartame, sucralose, saccharin, stevia and tagatose. Such sweeteners, especially in combination with sugar alcohols and artificial sweeteners, are particularly suitable for formulating liquid beverage embodiments of the present invention having a desired taste profile. These sweetener combinations are particularly effective for masking undesirable tastes sometimes associated with vegetable proteins added to liquid beverages. The concentration of sugar alcohol present in the nutrient may be in the range of at least 0.01% by weight of the nutritional product, including 〇"% to about 1 〇〇/〇, and also includes from about 1% to about 6%. The artificial sweetener concentration, as the case may be, may range from about 〇·〇 1% by weight of the nutritional product, including from about 0.05% to about 5%, and also from about 0.1% to about 1.0%. A flow or anti-caking agent can be included in the nutrient as described herein to extend 161217.doc -29-201233331 late powder clot or agglomerate over time and to produce a powder embodiment that readily flows out of its container. Any of the known flow agents or anti-caking agents known or otherwise suitable for use in nutritional powders or product forms are suitable herein, non-limiting examples of which include triterpenoids, oxalates, and combinations thereof. The concentration of the flow agent or anti-caking agent in the nutritional product varies depending on the product form, other selected ingredients, desired flow characteristics, etc., but is most often from about 01% to about, including about 0.5% by weight of the nutritional product. Within about 2%. Stabilizers can also be included in the nutritional product. Any stabilizer known or otherwise suitable for use in the nutritional product is also suitable for use herein, some non-limiting examples of which include carrageenan and gums (such as trisin). The stabilizer may comprise from about 0.1% to about 5.0% by weight of the nutritional product, including from about 5% to about 3%, including from about 0.7% to about 1.5%. The nutritional composition may further comprise any of a variety of other vitamins or phase nutrients, non-limiting examples of which include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridyl D, vitamins, and Carrot (4) (eg β-hu (tetra), zeaxanthin, lutein, scented red vitamin C, choline, myosin), niacin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, salts and derivatives thereof and combination. The nutrient may further comprise any of a variety of other minerals f, non-limiting examples of which include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, sodium, potassium, molybdenum, chromium, gas ions, and combinations thereof. Further, in some embodiments, the nutritional product may be free of horns and vegetable gums. PRODUCTION METHODS Efficient for the preparation of the present invention The nutritional product of the present invention can be prepared by any of the known or alternative manufacturing techniques of the solid or liquid form of the product 161217.doc • 30-201233331. A variety of such techniques are known to be useful in any given product form (such as a nutritional liquid or powder), and can be readily applied to the nutritional products described herein by those of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the nutritional products of the present invention can be It is prepared by any of various known or otherwise effective products or methods of manufacture. For example, in a suitable manufacturing process, at least three types of slurry are separately prepared, including a fat-packed protein (PIF) slurry, a carbohydrate-mineral (CH〇_MIN) slurry, and a water-packed protein (PIW) slurry. material. PIF paste is prepared by heating and mixing oils (such as monoglycerides and / or fatty acids, fatty acid-containing oils, canola oil, corn oil, etc.) and then adding emulsifiers (such as lecithin) with continuous heating and stirring. ), fat soluble vitamins and a portion of total protein (eg, milk protein concentrate, etc.) to form. The CHO-MIN slurry is formed by adding the following substances to the water with heating and stirring to form minerals (such as potassium citrate, dipotassium phosphate, sodium citrate, etc.), traces and ultra-trace minerals (TM). /UTM premix) and / or thickeners or suspending agents (such as avicel, gellan, carrageenan). Allow the resulting ch〇_Min slurry to be kept under constant heating and stirring for 10 minutes' then add other minerals (such as potassium chloride, magnesium carbonate, potassium iodide, etc.) and/or carbohydrates (eg oligosaccharides, sugar, corn) Sugar gathering, etc.). Then, if there is any remaining protein, the PIW slurry is formed by mixing with heating and stirring. In a particular embodiment of the invention, all or a portion of the pre-digested fat contained in the nutritional product may be added to the ch〇_Min slurry, the slurry containing less than 5% (based on the weight of the CH0-MIN slurry) The fat in the form of triglyceride vinegar 161217.doc -31 - 201233331. At least 50/〇 (by weight) of the total fat present in the nutrient in this example is in the form of pre-digested fat and is added to the CHO-MIN slurry. In certain embodiments, at least 5% (by weight § 10), including at least 10% (by weight of juice), including at least 2% (by weight), including at least 30%, are included in the nutritional product (in terms of Weight, including at least 40% (by weight § ten), including at least 50% (by weight), including at least 6% by weight, including at least 70% by weight, including at least 8 〇 % (by weight), including at least 90% by weight and including 1% by weight of total pre-digested fat, is added to the CHO-MIN slurry. In a particular embodiment, the fat-soluble nutrients (such as mixed cauliflower or vitamins A, D, E, and prior to the addition of pre-digested fat to the CHO-MIN slurry or during the manufacture of the CHO-MIN slurry K) Dissolved in pre-digested fat. In contrast to the piF slurry, the stability of the final nutritional composition can be improved by adding pre-digested fat to the CHO-MIN slurry. The resulting slurry is then blended together with heating and the pH is adjusted; to 6.6-7.0, after which the composition is subjected to high temperature short-term (htst) processing, during which the composition is heat treated, emulsified and homogenized, And then make it add water-soluble vitamins and ascorbic acid, if necessary, the positive value to the desired range, add flavoring and add water to achieve the desired total solid content. The composition is then aseptically packaged to form a sterile encapsulated nutrient. The emulsion may also be filled and subsequently sterilized to form a ready-to-eat or concentrated 3L body which may be spray dried, dry blended and/or coalesced. : Preparing a S-solid, such as a spray-dried nutrient powder or dry blend, by any effective technique set known or otherwise suitable for the preparation and formulation of a nutritional powder. 16I217.doc • 32, 201233331 Nutritional powder. For example, when the nutritional powder is a spray dried nutritional powder, the spray drying step can similarly include any spray drying technique known or otherwise suitable for producing a nutritional powder. A variety of different spray drying methods and techniques are known for use in the field of S nutrition, all of which are suitable for use in the manufacture of spray dried nutritional powders herein. A method of preparing a spray-dried nutritional powder comprises forming and homogenizing a water slurry or liquid containing pre-digested fat and optionally protein, carbohydrate and other fat sources, and then spray drying the slurry or liquid to produce a spray Dry nutrition powder in fog. The method may further comprise the step of spray drying, dry blending or otherwise adding other nutrients, including any one or more of the ingredients described herein, to the spray dried nutritional powder. Other suitable methods for preparing a nutritional product are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 6, 365, 218 (Borschel et al.), U.S. Patent., U.S. Patent No. 6,306,908 (Carlson et al), and U.S. Patent Application No. 20030118703 Al (Nguyen et al.). The description is incorporated herein by reference to the extent of the same. Methods of Use In accordance with the present invention and as further described below, the nutritional products described herein can be used for a variety of purposes including, for example, improving digestion, improving nutrient absorption, improving tolerance, reducing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, and reducing abdominal pain. The incidence and the incidence of short bowel disease. Individuals (infants, young children, or children) who use the nutritional products described herein may actually have or suffer from the disease or condition (ie, may actually have digestion, nutrient absorption, and/or resistance 161217.doc 03-201233331 Suffering from sexual problems, or may actually have necrotizing enterocolitis, abdominal pain or short bowel disease' or may be prone to the disease or condition or the risk (also the corpse actually does not have the disease or condition) However, due to certain conditions, family history, etc., the risk of illness increases compared with the general population. Regardless of whether the individual has the disease or condition consistently, or whether there is a risk of developing the disease or condition, or is prone to develop the disease or condition, the individual has a knives in this article to help solve and counter the disease. Disease or condition. For example, an infant may actually have necrotizing enterocolitis due to premature birth or may be at risk of developing necrotizing enterocolitis (prone to necrotizing enterocolitis). Similarly, 'in another example, an infant may actually have resistance to party and/or digestion and/or nutrient absorption problems due to other diseases or conditions or family history with such problems, or may be afflicted (easy Suffering from the risk of one or more of these conditions. Whether the individual is actually afflicted with the disease or condition' or whether there is only a risk of developing the disease or condition or is prone to develop the disease or condition, it is within the scope of the invention to assist the individual using the nutritional products described herein. Based on the above, certain method embodiments of the present invention are directed to determining a particular subgroup or subcategory of an individual (i.e., a subset of individuals who "need" to help resolve one or more specific diseases or specific conditions described herein. Or subclasses, and thus not all individuals may benefit from all of the method embodiments described herein. As with certain diseases or conditions, not all individuals belong to a subgroup or subclass of individuals as described herein. The nutritional product as described herein comprises pre-digested fat which is ideally combined with - or a plurality of other fat sources to provide nutrition to infants, young children and children. 161217.doc -34- 201233331 Source for improving nutrient digestion and absorption. In particular, it is similar to the digestion of breastfed babies, because the fat source is at least partially digested before entering the duodenum, giving the baby more time to absorb nutrients, especially in the intestines' and the nutrients entering the baby's colon are reduced, thus making it Nutrients that are germinated and produce gas to reduce the financial properties of the product. Thus, by using pre-digested fat sources (such as monoglycerides and/or fatty acids) in nutraceuticals, such as infant formulas, it is now possible to provide infants with breast milk substitutes or supplements that more closely mimic the benefits of breast milk. In addition to improved nutrient absorption as described above, it has been found that the use of pre-digested fats in nutrients with one or more water-insoluble hydrophobic mixtures (such as oil-soluble (fat-soluble) vitamins (vitamin A, sputum, κ), Ciliary glucan (such as lutein, β-cafrucin, lycopene, etc.), glycolipids (neurolipids), sterols and phytochemicals form. The formation of such micelles allows the insoluble hydrophobic compound to be dissolved in the digest. This is the step of intestinal villus absorption. In addition, pre-digested fat will be used to re-synthesize triglycerides to form chylomicrons. The chylomicrons carry the water-insoluble hydrophobic compound to the surface, and the towel (4) delivers the insoluble hydrophobic compound to the target organ and/or tissue to produce the desired physiological effect. In addition to the benefits discussed above, it has been found that nutrients containing pre-digested fat stimulate the production of cholecystokinin (CCK) in the duodenum, which stimulates the pancreas

The use of pre-digested fat reduces the amount of digestive nutrients and reduces the upper stomach for absorption. Therefore, in the colon of the nutrient, it will be fermented and produce gas 161217.doc -35· 201233331 and the total amount of nutrients. Therefore, the use of pre-digested fat in nutrients can improve tolerance by improving nutrient digestion and absorption (with less flatulence). This is especially important for babies because tolerance may be a problem in some babies. In addition to stimulating CCK production, it has been found that pre-digested fat also induces secretion of intestinal growth hormone (glucagon-like peptide-2, GLP-2). GLP-2 enhances intestinal maturation in infants, which allows digestion and nutrient absorption. good. It has further been found that 'pre-digested fat containing nutrients as described herein can be used to provide a source of nutrition for infants, toddlers or children, which can reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), abdominal pain and/or short bowel disease. rate. In addition, 'in the comparison with the protein in the fat slurry, the nutritional product is produced by adding at least a portion of the pre-digested fat (or in some embodiments all pre-digested fat) to the carbohydrate-mineral slurry. In the examples, the resulting stability of the nutritional product (usually in the form of a nutritional emulsion) can be improved. EXAMPLES The following examples illustrate specific embodiments and/or features of the nutritional products of the present invention. The examples are given for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, as many variations are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. All exemplified amounts are by weight based on the total weight of the composition unless otherwise stated. The exemplified compositions are storage stable nutritional products prepared according to the manufacturing methods described herein such that, unless otherwise stated, each of the exemplified products includes aseptically processed embodiments and autoclaved encapsulated embodiments. 161217.doc -36- 201233331 Examples of nutrient liquids are water that is physically stable in 12-18 months at a storage temperature in the range of 1-25 ° C after being packaged in a 240 ml plastic container. An oil-in-water emulsion. Examples 1-4. Examples 1-4 illustrate lactose-free infant nutritional emulsions of the present invention, the ingredients of which are listed in the following table. Unless otherwise stated, all ingredient amounts are listed in kilograms per 100 kg batch of product. Ingredient Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Water sufficient amount sufficient amount sufficient amount of maltodextrin 53 43.3 50 60 sucrose 16.5 25 19.2 16.38 milk protein isolate 15.65 1.5.65 15.65 15.65 corn oil 12 12 12 12 high oleic acid Safflower oil 10 10 10 10 monopalmitate 10 9 8 7 c10-c24 fatty acid calcium salt 6.0 7 8 9 coconut oil 2 2 2 2 fungal oil 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 lecithin 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 dipotassium hydrogenate 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 Calcium Oxide 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Ascorbic Acid 0.235 0.235 0.235 0.235 Carrageenan 0.150 0.150 0.150 0.150 Potassium Hydroxide 0.136 0.136 0.136 0.136 TM/UTM Premix 0.1684 0.1684 0.1684 0.1684 Vitamin A, D, E Premix 0.0758 0.0758 0.0758 0.0758 Water-soluble vitamin premix 0.0728 0.0728 0.0728 0.0728 Broken potassium 0.00022 0.00022 0.00022 0.00022 Calcined chromium 0.000217 0.000217 0.000217 0.000217 Examples 5-8 Examples 5-8 illustrate the lactose-based nutritional emulsion of the present invention, the ingredients of which are listed below In the table. Unless otherwise stated, all ingredient amounts are listed in kg per 1000 kg batch of product. 161217.doc -37- 201233331 I component example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 | Water sufficient amount sufficient amount sufficient lactose 58 66 71 63 non-fat dry milk 25 10 0 16 whey protein concentrate 6.4 13 18 10.5 high Oleic acid safflower oil 14 14 14 14 Coconut oil 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 Monopalmitate 10 8 6 4 C10-C24 fatty acid 5.5 7.5 9.5 11.5 Fructooligosaccharide/galactooligosaccharide 9 9 9 9 Fungal oil 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.78 1.07 1.36 1.36 1.64 potassium sulphate 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 ascorbic acid 0.235 0.235 0.235 0.235 carrageenan 0.150 0.150 0.150 0.150 argon oxidation 0.136 0.136 0.136 0.136 TM / UTM premix 0.1684 0.1684 0.1684 0.1684 Premix of vitamins A, D and E 0.0758 0.0758 0.0758 0.0758 Water-soluble vitamin premix 0.0728 0.0728 0.0728 0.0728 Potassium sulphate 0.00022 0.00022 0.00022 0.00022 Chromium oxide 0.000217 0.000217 0.000217 0.000217 Example 9-12 Example 9-12 The soy-based infant nutritional emulsion of the invention is listed in the table below. Unless otherwise stated, all ingredient amounts are listed in kilograms per 1000 kg batch of product. Ingredient Example 9 Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 Water sufficient amount sufficient amount sufficient amount of corn syrup solids 53 43.3 50 60 sucrose 16.5 25 19.2 16.38 soy protein isolate 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 corn oil 12 12 12 12 high oleic acid safflower oil 10 10 10 10 Monopalmitate 10 9 8 7 c10-c24 fatty acid 6.0 7 8.0 9 Fungal oil 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 L-cystamic acid 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 161217.doc •38· 201233331 L-tyrosine 1.1 1,1 1.1 1.1 | Hydroxide in 丐0.09 1,0 1.1 1.2 L-tryptophan 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 hydrogen hydride two clock 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 vaporized potassium 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 ascorbic acid 0.235 0.235 0.235 0.235 carrageenan 0.150 0.150 0.0 0.0 Potassium hydroxide 0.136 0.136 0.136 0.136 TM/UTM premix 0.1684 0.1684 0.1684 0.1684 Vitamin A, D, E premix 0.0758 0.0758 0.0758 0.0758 Water-soluble vitamin premix 0.0728 0.0728 0.0728 0.0728 Yuhua Shu 0.00022 0.00022 0.00022 0.00022 Examples 13-16 Examples 13-16 illustrate hydrolyzed protein-based infant nutritional emulsions of the present invention, the ingredients of which are listed in the following table. Unless otherwise stated, all ingredients are listed in kilograms per 1,000 kilograms of batch product. Ingredient Example 13 Example 14 Example 15 Example 16 Water sufficient amount sufficient amount sufficient sucrose 42 42 42 42 starch 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.8 hydrolyzed protein 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 high oleic acid safflower oil 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.7 MCT oil 6 6 6 6 Monopalmitate 10 9 8 7 Ch)-C24 fatty acid 11 9.5 8 6.5 Hazelnut oil 5 7.5 9 11.5 Fungal oil 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Oxide mother 1.6 L29 1.1 0.93 L-methionine 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Hydrogen phosphate Dipotassium 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 Calcium Oxide 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Ascorbic acid 0.235 0.235 0.235 0.235 Carrageenan 0.0 0.0 0.150 0.150 Potassium hydroxide 0.136 0.136 0.136 0.136 TM/UTM premix 0.1684 0.1684 0.1684 0.1684 Vitamin A, D, E Pre Mixture 0.0758 0.0758 0.0758 0.0758 Water-soluble vitamin premix 0.0728 0.0728 0.0728 0.0728 mothification 0.00022 0.00022 0.00022 0.00022 161217.doc -39- 201233331 Example 17 In this example, 'evaluate the absorption of c10-c24 fatty acid calcium salt in rats and Relevant biological availability. Thirty rats were randomly assigned to three diets containing different protein and fat (diet 1, diet 2 and diet 3) -^ diet 1-3 and gossip (: method 906.48 used in the same, the difference is Diet 1_3 has a higher fat content and contains maltodextrin as a carbohydrate source. Diet 1 contains 1% by weight of protein for acid casein and 23.6% by weight of fat can be used to contain 30 wt% of coconut oil, 30 Oil blend of wt% soybean oil and 40 wt% high oleic safflower seed oil (HOSO). The nutritional forms of diets 2 and 3 are the same as those of diet 1 'except protein, fat, carbohydrates and minerals It is mixed, homogenized and spray-dried. Diet 3 differs from diet 2 only in that it replaces H〇s eucalyptus with oleic acid safflower fatty acid calcium salt and replaces tricalcium phosphate with potassium phosphate to make a diet. 2 The overall nutrition and mineral form of Diet 3 is the same. HOSO fatty acid calcium salt provides 1% of dietary calcium. Rats are fed diet 1, diet 2 or diet 3 for 4 weeks. Feeding test Calculation of feed/protein intake and weight gain at the end Feed conversion (weight gain grams / feed intake grams) and protein efficiency ratio (weight gain grams / protein intake grams) (pER Bu if due to poor absorption HOSO month fat fatty salt salt value of heat (also #, Calorie/substance grams) The value of 'rats' diet 3 rats will increase less weight or take more feed to maintain their growth, # both lead to lower feed conversion and PER. The results were *, the rats in diet 3 and the control group had phase 161217.doc 201233331 with feed conversion or per, indicating that the caloric value of HOSO fatty acid calcium salt is not different from HOSO oil. Therefore, it shows that HOSO fatty acid calcium salt is highly bioavailable. Protein efficiency compared to feed conversion diet 1 (control group 1) 2.83 +/- 0.28* 0.29 +/- 0.03 diet 2 (control group 2J 3.16 +/- 0.17 0.31 +/- 0.02 diet 3 (fatty acid salt) 3.32 +/ - 0.27 0.37 +/- 0.03 * standard deviation (n = l 〇) Example 18 In this example, the absorption of soybean fatty acid salt by a 10-day-old pig was analyzed. 16 suckling pigs were randomly divided into two groups and individually housed. In a metabolic cage and trained to self-contain within 30 minutes Obtaining a nutritional emulsion. After training for one week with a commercially available ready-to-eat hydrolyzed protein-based formulation, the pigs were fed a commercially available hydrolyzed protein-based formula powder (control) containing tricalcium carbonate and calcium carbonate as a source of calcium or Contains soy fatty acid calcium salt as a calcium source emulsion (experimental emulsion). For the control and experimental emulsions, the protein source and content, fat content and mineral form are the same. However, the experimental emulsion contains soybean fatty acid instead of the control group. Soybean oil, and contains calcium hydroxide as part of the mom mineral system to neutralize soy fatty acids. The potassium acetate content of the experimental emulsion was adjusted to match the strontium content of the control group. Soybean fatty acids provide about 100% calcium in the experimental emulsion. After two weeks of feeding, the apparent fat and calcium digestibility is calculated based on the following formula: Apparent fat digestibility = ((fat intake / fecal fat) / fat intake) * 丨〇〇 apparent drug digestibility = ((calcium) Intake _ fecal calcium) / calcium intake) *1 〇〇 dry matter digestibility = ((dry matter intake - fecal dry matter) / dry matter intake) * 1 〇〇 161217.doc 201233331 Experimental emulsion reduced feed conversion (weight / Feed intake) and reduced fat, dry and dry matter digestibility will show poor absorption of the soy fatty acid salt of the experimental emulsion, and thus show that the caloric value and bioavailability of calcium for the experimental emulsion is lower than the control. As shown in the table below, the feed conversion, fat digestibility and dry matter digestibility of the experimental emulsions were significantly different from those of the control group, indicating that for newborn pigs, the soy fatty acid calcium salt of the experimental emulsion was highly absorbed and bioavailable. Further, the apparent calcium digestibility data shown below shows that the soy fatty acid salt of the experimental emulsion is more bioavailable than the one contained in the control group (i.e., the dish of the acid and the carbonated water). Apparent fat digestibility feed conversion (weight gain grams / feed (dry matter) grams) apparent dance digestibility apparent dry matter digestibility control group 97.6+/-1.0 0.82+/- 0.14* 81.8+/-7.2 97.8 +/- 0.7 Experimental emulsion 97.6 +/- 1.4 0.80 +/- 0.15 91.3 +/- 3.3 98.0 +/- 1.0 * Standard deviation (n = 10) Example 19 In this example, the emulsification characteristics of the fatty acid calcium salt were analyzed. Cut with 500 ml of water using a tabletop high shear mixer! 8 g 13 (TF containing succinyl glyceride (5 wt% oil) of soybean oil and 430 mg Ca (tricalcium phosphate form) to prepare the first emulsion (control emulsion as a control emulsion containing the same amount of calcium and The second emulsion (fatty acid calcium emulsion) of fat (12 g soybean oil plus 6 soybean fatty acid) is prepared by: (1) dispersing the soybean fatty acid oil solution in water at a temperature of about 130 °F; Adding 430 mg of Ca in the form of calcium chloride; (3) adjusting the solution 161217.doc •42·201233331 to about 7.0 using KOH; and (4) shearing the mixture using a tabletop high shear mixture. The fatty acid calcium emulsion was allowed to stand for three weeks to analyze the emulsion separation. After one night, the control emulsion showed a visible phase separation containing a milky layer on top of the emulsion (see Figure 1A). In comparison, after three weeks of storage, the fatty acid The emulsion showed only a slightly detectable (but not clearly visible) layer of soap on top of the emulsion, while the emulsion remained in one phase without visible calcium deposition at the bottom of the fatty acid feed emulsion (see Figure 1B). Fatty acid strontium salt An effective emulsifier and capable of providing a calcium source for a nutritional emulsion that does not substantially settle out of solution. This results in improved stability and long shelf life of the emulsion product. Example 20 In this example, a 10-day large pig pair was measured. Fat Absorption and Approximate Absorption of Two Independent Test Formulations and Control Formulations The first test formulation (Formulation 1) contained the essential oils in the fat system and the second test formulation (Formulation 2) The fat system contains pre-digested fat, and the control formulation (Formulation 3) contains low palmitic acid oil in the fat system. The fat system components of the three formulations are listed in the table below. Nutrients (grams) Formulation 1 ( Formulation of essential oil formula) Formulation 2 (pre-digested fat formulation> Formulation 3 (control formulation containing low palmitic acid oil) Coconut oil 37.2 0 84.1 High oleic acid safflower oil 62.8 108 111.9 Bean fatty acid 0 563 ~ 0 ARA oil 3.03 3.03 3.03 DHA oil 1.52 L52 ~ 1.52 glyceride citrate 0 65 Α ~ 0 lecithin 1.12 1.12 "" 1.12 palm eucalyptus oil 122.7 0 0 soybean oil 57.1 0 83.8 161217.d Oc •43- 201233331 Preparation of three formulations with nearly identical nutrients and mineral forms ° The fatty acid forms of Formulations 1 and 2 mimic the fatty acid profile of the breast. Formulation 2 contains calcium hydroxide (sufficient to chelate all free) The amount of fatty acid is used as a source of hydrazine to react with soybean fatty acids to form an insoluble fatty acid calcium salt. This reaction eliminates the bitter taste and throat burning sensation produced by free fatty acids. In addition, the amount of potassium phosphate in Formulation 2 was raised to match the phosphorus content of Formulations 1 and 3. The calcium salt used in Formulations 1 and 3 is calcium phosphate. Sixty 10 day old pigs (plus or minus two days) were randomized to receive Formulation 1, Formulation 2 or Formulation 3. Pigs were individually housed in metabolic cages and fed four times a day for three weeks after training and adaptation for four days. Fecal material from day 2 to day 18 was collected and analyzed for calcium absorption and fat absorption. Calcium absorption was calculated by dividing the amount of calcium in the fecal material by the amount of calcium in the diet and multiplying by 1 〇〇. The fat absorption was calculated by dividing the amount of fat in the fecal material by the amount of fat in the diet and multiplying by 1 〇〇. The results are shown in the table below. Fat Absorption (%) Calcium Absorption (%) Formulation 1 (Standard Oil) 92.3 ± 3.9 88.9 + 4.7 Formulation 2 (pre-digested fat) 98.2 ± 0.7 93.1+2.4 Formulation 3 (Control: low palmitic acid fat) System) 98.0+1.4 90.7 ±3.5 As shown in the results in the table above, the use of a pre-digested fat system allows the infant formula to mimic the formula of the fatty acid of the breast milk' without the absorption of calcium and fat as experienced in the palm oil essential oil system. Adversely, the fat and sputum absorption rate of Formulation 2 (pre-digested fat formulation) is at least as good as the fat and sputum absorption rate of the low shed acid formula. These findings indicate that soy fatty acid calcium salts are highly bioavailable in newborn pigs. Example 21 161217.doc 201233331 In this example, the post-prandial increase in CCK production (AUC) and enterokin production (AUC) of pigs of Example 20 was evaluated. In the conclusion of the fat and calcium absorption analysis described in Example 20, pigs administered Formulation 2 (pre-digested fat formulation) or Formulation 3 (including low palmitic acid control formulation) were fasted for 12 hours. And fasting blood is drawn to separate the serum. The pigs were allowed to recover for two hours and then 250 mL of Formulation 2 or Formulation 3 was administered. Postprandial blood samples were taken at 30 and 60 minutes after feeding and CCK and enterin were tested. The post-prandial increase in CCK (area under the curve) and enterin (AUC) was calculated. The results are shown in the table below. Formulation 2 (pre-digested fat formulation) (pg/mL*min) Formulation 3 (control: low palmitic acid formulation) (pg/mL*mm) Post-prandial increase in CCK secretion (area under the curve) 1935 ±1464 1046 + 754 Enterin AUC (post-meal increase) 483+253 839+403 The data in the above table shows that replacing the triglyceride with pre-digested fat (single palmitic acid glycerin plus soy fatty acid) will stimulate the meal. Post-CCK secretion, which has been shown to stimulate pancreatic digestive enzyme secretion, enhance gallbladder contraction, and delay oral to cecal delivery. Thus, formulations with pre-digested fat stimulate more secretion of digestive enzymes and slow GI delivery to allow for more nutrient digestion and absorption. Therefore, formulations containing pre-digested fat can improve formulation tolerance because undigested nutrients can cause excessive colonic fermentation leading to flatulence, diarrhea, and bloating. In addition, the data in the above table shows that the replacement of triglyceride with pre-digested fat (mono-glycolate plus soy fatty acid) can reduce postprandal enterotropin 161217.doc -45- 201233331 secretion. Infants with abdominal pain have been shown to have lower post-prandial CCK levels but higher post-prandial enterin levels. This imbalance between postprandial gut hormones causes the baby to contract GI, which causes abdominal pain. The data in the above table shows that the inclusion of pre-digested fat can increase the CCK content of the baby after a meal, but reduce the intestinal motility, thereby reducing the hormone imbalance to relieve GI contraction, abdominal pain and abdominal pain. Example 22 In this example, the pig of Example 20 was used to study the effect of various fat systems on the content of chylomicron triglyceride palmitate and Sn-2 palmitic acid. One hour postprandial blood samples were taken from each pig and plasma was separated, frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored in a freezer at -80 °C. Total blood lipids were extracted using Folch solvent. The triglyceride was separated by thin layer chromatography. The table below shows the plasma triglyceride palmitic acid and Sn-2 palmitic acid in Formulation 1 (palm oil blending formulation) and Formulation 2 (pre-digested fat formulation). The table also shows chylomicron triglycerides and Sn-2 palmitic acid in pigs fed the two formulations. Formulation 1: (Brown olein) Feeding Triglyceride Formulation 2 of the Formulation 1 : (Pre-digested fat) Feeding the blood polytriglyceride of the Formulation 2 Human baby's plasma triglyceride triglyceride vinegar Sn-2 triglyceride vinegar Sn-2 triglyceride vinegar Sn-2 triglyceride Sn-2 triglyceride Sn-2 palmitic acid content (% 23.3 5.8 18.3 10.6 21.4 5.2 18.5 14.4 25 25.5 As shown in the above table, the plasma triglyceride and Sn-2 palmitic acid content of the pigs fed the pre-digested fat formula was significantly higher than that of the pigs fed the palm olein formula. The ratio of plasma triglyceride palmitate/Sn-2 palmitic acid of Formulation 1 and Formulation 2 was about 1.7 and 1.3, respectively, and the ratio of known breast-fed infants was about 16l217.doc -46 - 201233331 1.1. Therefore, this data shows that pre-digested fat formulations mimic breast milk better than swept oil extracts. Example 23 In this example, the effect of various fat systems on blood lutein content was investigated using Example 2G. Plasma from a post-prandial blood sample from each pig was extracted using a solvent of methanol and methanol (ratio 2:1). The solvent was removed and the resulting lipids were pooled and the lutein was resolved using the 1 method. The table below shows the lutein content of pigs in the arbitrage formulation 1 (palm oil extract) 'Formulation 2 (pre-digested fat formulation) and Formulation 3 (low palmitic acid formulation) per mg of lipid The lutein is called a number. Formulation 1: Formulation 2: Formulation (Oyster Extract) (Pre-digested fat) (Low palmitic acid, lutein content N/A* 0.765 μβ 0.539 μα * Formulation 1 has too low a lutein content Difficult to measure. As shown in the table above, 'pigs fed a formulation containing pre-digested fat have increased lutein absorption compared to pigs containing a formulation containing palm olein or low palmitic acid. Example 24 In the example, Formulation 2 (pre-digested fat formulation) and Formulation 3 (low palmitic acid formulation) of Example 20 were used to study the effect of various fat systems on the lutein content of the microcells. Formulation 2 and Formulations 3Recover with water (133 g powder formulation per 1 · L water), and add HC1 to adjust the pH of the reconstituted formulation to 4.5. Add 1.00 to 40 ml reconstituted formulation by 161217.doc -47- 201233331 Ml USP pepsin (56 mg/ml) The reconstituted formulation was digested for 1 hour at room temperature. The pH of the reconstituted formulation was adjusted to 7.0 after pepsin digestion and subsequently added to the pepsin-digested formulation. 28 mg USP Trypsin/Protease, 28 mg USP姨 Enzyme a mixture of lipase and 108 mg of bile extract. The formulation was further digested at room temperature for 2 hours and centrifuged (31,000 g at 201 for 3 hours). The digested formulation formed an oil/creamt clot, Aqueous phase and sedimentation layer. The aqueous phase is extracted for lutein analysis of the micelles, which serve as carriers during the absorption of lutein in the aqueous cavity. The following table shows the micronutrient yellow per kg of digestion formulation. Digestion Formulation 2 : (Pre-digested fat) Digestion Formulation 3 : (Low palmitic acid) Micro-running Violaxanthin (pg) 0.598 με 0.246 ue As shown in the table above, in the digestion containing pre-digested fat The amount of lutein found in the formulation was more than twice the amount of lutein found in the digestive formulation containing low palmitic acid, thus indicating that the use of pre-digested fat increased lutein absorption. Example 25 In this example, the ability of pre-digested fat to reduce the incidence of soft stool was analyzed. 30 weaned rats were fed a hydrolyzed protein-based powdered infant formula (containing MCT oil as a 30 wt% fat source) for four Adaptation period At the time of the bundle, the rats were randomly divided into two groups and fed a control formulation (bean palmitic acid powder infant formula) or a test formulation (infant formula containing pre-digested fat). The control formulation and the nutrient type of the test formulation. The phase is 16l2l7.doc -48- 201233331. The rats are given free access to feed and water for five days, and the amount of feed and body weight are recorded daily. Although there is no significant difference in feed intake or weight gain between the two groups. There is a significant difference in the firmness of stool. During the last two days of feeding, the stool consistency of the rats was scored using the 〇 5 point system. The score is based on the severity and firmness of the stool that is bonded to the bottom of the cage to absorb the sheet. The 〇 score value indicates normal stool and the 5 score indicates watery diarrhea. As shown in Figure 2, rats fed a control formulation (containing MCT oil) produced a leaner stool than the rats fed the test formulation (containing pre-digested fat). Example 26 In this example 'analysis of the ability of pre-digested fat to reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Preterm pigs (92% of gestation) delivered via caesarean section were immediately transferred to an oxygenation incubator (37 ° C) and a vascular catheter was placed in the umbilical artery. The pigs were injected three times (4, 6 and 7 mL/kg body weight) into the porcine via the vascular catheter during the first 24 hours. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is provided at a rate of 4-6 mL/kg per hour for 24 hours. The control formulations or pdf formulations were then randomized via a orgastric tube at a rate of 5 mL/kg per hour. The control formulation was identical to the PDF formulation except for the fat system therein. In particular, the fat system in the control formulation comprises vegetable oil, and the fat system in the PDF formulation comprises 30 wt / 〇 monopalmitin, 20 wt % soy fatty acid, 26 wt% high oleic safflower oil, i 4 wt% coconut oil and 1 〇 wt% glyceryl tributyrate. Both the control formulation and the PDF formulation per liter 161217.doc -49- 201233331 The formulation contained 100 g protein, 47 g fat and 5 g g corn syrup. The pigs were euthanized 36 hours after enteral feeding and autopsied to assess the severity of NEC lesions using a 1.5 scoring system, where the sputum score indicated no NEC signs. The results are shown in the table below. Block 1 Region 2 Control Formulations (n=5) PDF Formulations (n=3) Control Formulations (n=5) PDF Formulations (n=3) Early NEC Deaths 2 0 3~~ 1 Autopsy NEC 2 1 0 0 Total NEC 4 1 3 1 As shown in the above table, 5 out of 5 pigs (5〇%) of the cockroach control formulation died of NEC before the end of the enteral feeding period, but Only 1 of the 6 pigs fed the PDF formulation (16.7%) preceded NEC before the end of the bowel feeding period. In addition, 7 of the 1 pigs fed the control formulation (70%) had NEC measured before the end of the feeding period, while only 2 of the 6 pigs fed the PDF formulation ( 33°/.) NEC was determined before the end of the enteral feeding period. It can therefore be concluded that the incidence of NEC can be reduced by replacing the vegetable oil fat system with a fat system containing pre-digested fat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figures 1A and 1B show graphical representations of a control emulsion and an experimental emulsion prepared as in Example 19. Figure 2 is a graph showing the effect of diet on fecal firmness. 161217.doc •50·

Claims (1)

201233331 VII. Application for Patent Park: 1. A nutrient containing a fat system, wherein the fat system comprises a mixture of an unsaturated free fatty acid component of at least 10 wt/min and a monoglyceride containing a fatty acid. The nutraceutical of claim 1, wherein the fat system comprises from about 20 wt0/〇 to about 65 wt% of the mixture of the unsaturated free fatty acid component and the fatty acid-containing monoglyceride. 3. The nutraceutical of claim 1, wherein the fat system comprises from about 25 wt%/0 to about 50 wt% of the mixture of the unsaturated free fatty acid component and the fatty acid-containing monoglyceride. 4. The nutritional product of claim 1, wherein the fatty acid-containing monoglyceride is glyceryl monopalmitate. 5. The nutraceutical of claim 1, wherein the unsaturated free fatty acid component is in the form of a group consisting of a free fatty acid calcium salt, a fatty acid magnesium salt, and combinations thereof. 6. The nutraceutical of claim 1, wherein the unsaturated free fatty acid component comprises less than 15% by weight of a saturated free fatty acid having a chain length of more than 14 carbon atoms. 7. The nutritional product of claim 1, wherein the unsaturated free fatty acid component is derived from a vegetable oil. 8. The nutrient of claim 7, wherein the vegetable oil is selected from the group consisting of olive oil, canola oil, corn oil, soybean oil, and combinations thereof. 9. The nutritional product of claim 8, wherein the vegetable oil is soybean oil. The nutrient of claim 1, wherein the unsaturated free fatty acid component is derived from a resin. 161217.doc 201233331 11. The nutrient of claim 1, wherein the unsaturated free fatty acid component is obtained by separating an animal fat. 12. The nutrient of claim 1, wherein the unsaturated free fatty acid component is derived from an animal fat isolate wherein the total amount of myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid is less than 20% by weight. 13. The nutraceutical of claim 1, wherein the fatty acid-containing monoglyceride is obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of lard, tallow or a combination thereof. 14. The nutritional product of claim 1 wherein the nutrient is free of carrageenan. 15. An infant formula comprising a fat system, wherein the fat system comprises a mixture of at least 10% by weight of an unsaturated free fatty acid component and a fatty acid-containing monoglyceride. 161217.doc