TW201237396A - Device for measuring properties of scatterers, color measuring device for scattered light of gemstones, device for measuring brightness of gemstones, and device for measuring luminescence distribution - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for measuring properties of scatterers which measures properties of a scatterer from a stereoscopic scattering distribution of the scatterer upon receiving an electromagnetic wave with a certain wavelength distribution is provided. In the device, a scatterer to be measured is placed on a specimen platform; the electromagnetic wave is irradiated onto the scatterer from at least either any one or more directions, or one or more continuous directions of a hypothetical spherical surface having the above-mentioned focal point as its center; scattering waves scattered by the scatterer and reflected off the paraboloidal mirror or projected onto the paraboloidal screen are imaged by the imaging means as planar imaging data; and from thus obtained imaging data, a stereoscopic distribution of the scattering waves generated by the scatterer is obtained so as to measure properties of the scatterer from the distribution result.

Description

201237396 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a stereoscopic scattering distribution from scatterers when a plurality of scatterers are exposed to electromagnetic waves having a certain wavelength distribution. A device for measuring the properties of such scatterers. The present invention also relates to a color measuring device for scattering light of a gemstone, and to a device for measuring the brightness of a gemstone, wherein the device for measuring the properties of the scatterer is applied to the measurement of the color of the scattered light of the gemstone. Work and the measurement of the brightness of the gemstone. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for measuring the illuminating distribution of a self-luminous illuminator.

The priority claim of the present invention under the Paris Agreement is based on the patent application No. 20104 j 9349 ("A" filed on May 25, 2002.

Device for Measuring Brightness of Gemstones", and Japanese Patent Application No. 2, 254, 869, filed on November 15, 2010 ("A Device for Measuring Pr〇perties 〇f _ a

Measuring Device for Scattered Light of Gemstones j ) 〇 In the context of this patent, many of the special letters and symbols found in the original text are replaced by those listed in the table in Figure 14. [Prior Art] The applicant of the present application has proposed a device for measuring the brightness of a gemstone, which can be used according to the Japanese Patent Application No. 2010- on May 25, 2002. 1 Objective method in 19349, which measures the sparkle of a gemstone when it is received as natural light. 1 owe and 〒 will be the first

S 5 201237396 describes the background art of the device for measuring the exemption of gemstones, which is incorporated in the present application. r, J file 1" is an example of a device for measuring the brightness of a gemstone, that is, as shown in Fig. 14 of the Ms. ® 14 is the appearance view of the appearance of the device for measuring the redundancy of the stone disclosed in the "Special J Document 1". This is the device for measuring the brightness of the gemstone. _ Μ #儿的装置6〇 has the purpose of measuring the target: in the center of the transparent glass circular disc 51b, the diamond is placed on the 4 S σ and the opposite part is in contact with the transparent glass surface. Then 2 is a semicircular top cover 51a having a white inner surface. An annular light source 52 is moved up and down directly below the glass plate 51b, from 40%. The angle of incident light on the side of |5 changes. By arranging a detector 55 below the annular light source, this can be a ccd camera, and there is a scattered light that is substantially perpendicular to the crown table, as in the case of The highlight is measured. With this device 60, the crown is placed at the bottom and the pavilion is placed at the top. The angle of incident light from the side of the crown changes as the circular light source 52 moves up and down.彳 彳 the amount of light intensity, so that the incident light of each incident angle can be detected by the detector 5 5 disposed on the vertical axis immediately below the surface of the table (that is, according to the It depends on the change in the height of the bad light source) and then accumulates. The scattered light emitted from the sides of the pavilion in a dispersed manner is ejected by the white semicircular top cover 5 & and re-entered. Among these rays, the light entering the detector from the normal direction of the side of the table is also accumulated in the light intensity value according to "lighting" 201237396. Therefore, the device 60 cannot evaluate the size of these bright spots (the solid angle of the scattered light), but only the amount of strongly scattered light entering the field of view. Therefore, tiny bright spots (scattered light with a small solid angle) are overestimated due to a large number of count values, but scattered light with a large solid angle from a large face is excessively underestimated. Since the sensitivity of the human eye is determined according to the size of the bright spot (that is, the size of the reflective surface and the small face), even if the magnitude of the overall scattered light intensity is the same, the scattered light is scattered and each has a large reflective solid angle and the number Diamonds that are less brighter can provide a higher aesthetic impression. Conversely, a diamond that has a light-reflecting stereoscopic angle and a large number of bright spots by borrowing scattered light is less attractive because the human eye is sensitive to a "light-smooth sample". Due only to a large number of count values and the overall light intensity of the scattered light. In addition, in the device 60, the central axis of the glass circular disk 51b and the axis of the detector 55, that is, the CCD camera, coincide with each other, and the light source 52 is arranged in a circular manner at a symmetrical position. Set. This arrangement is imaginarily selected to avoid intense light, i.e., the most intense reflected light from the surface of the table, into the detector bore. However, this arrangement does not necessarily reproduce the incidence and scattering of light in practical use. In other words, the measuring method of the device should be 6 ( (that is, by "light rays incident in a direction other than the normal to the surface of the table" to "from:: normal to the surface of the table" The 201237396 measurement method for counting the scattered light that is emitted upwards is regarded as a measurement operation under the condition that it differs from the actual use case, and the viewpoint of the incident and scattering conditions of the light is also the same. Since the incident light and the scattered light (that is, the light perceived by the human eye as "can") do not always come from the "normal direction of the surface of the table" ^ thus, for example, in practical use, the device model It is impossible to simulate the real use situation. It is therefore necessary to measure the incidence of light from any angular direction and the scattering of light to any angular direction in order to simulate and quantify the actual use. The foregoing problem can be partially solved by the apparatus disclosed in "Patent Document 2", in which a hole is provided at the top of a parabolic mirror, and then the measurement target is placed at the focus of the parabolic mirror. This person is imaginarily located near the top. At least two collimated lines parallel to the central axis of the parabolic mirror are then illuminated from the side of the parabolic mirror. These rays are reflected by the parabolic mirror and illuminate the measurement target located at the focal point. Therefore, the bidirectional reflection distribution function (BrDf) and the bidirectional transmission distribution function (B T D F) can be measured by leaving the reflected light of the object. "Patent Document 2" explicitly discloses that the light passing through the focus is parallel to the central axis of the parabolic surface of the parabolic mirror, and also passes through the focus of the light reflecting the central axis parallel to the parabolic surface. . However, the document does not mention the size, number, etc. of the light, which is necessary for gemstone evaluation. In addition, 'when the relationship between the position of the central axis of the surrounding area and the angle of reflection is too tight, 'measurement accuracy in some parabolic surfaces may be affected by the shape of 201237396.' 2 is also not described. In the text of Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-1 19349, a device for measuring the brightness of a gemstone to solve the above object has been proposed. Such a configuration using a parabolic surface should not be used in a limited manner; 5, but can be applied to a device for measuring the properties of a scatterer when the scatterer is exposed to electromagnetic waves having a certain wavelength distribution. It can be self-stereoscopically scattered to measure the properties of the scatterer, and is suitable for a color measuring device for the scattered light of a gemstone, wherein the device for measuring the properties of the scatterer can be used to measure the color of the scattered light of the gemstone' And further, it is suitable for a device for measuring the light emission distribution of a self-luminous illuminator. Patent Literature Citation List PTL 1 · Factory Direct • Profit-seeking documents 1”: International Patent No. 96/23207 (Figure 4) PTL 2 · “Direct. Profit-seeking Document 2”: Re-issued in Japan within PCT International Notice No. 2007-508532 (Figure υ [Invention Contents of the Invention The present invention is based on the findings of the creation of the bamboo 彳 ii, J 俾 别 β β β 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 丄 丄 丄 丄 丄 丄 丄 丄 丄 丄 丄 丄 丄 2010 Means for 'the brightness of a gemstone. Another object of the present invention is to provide a device for measuring the properties of a scatterer, wherein

S 9 201237396 The principle and configuration of the device for measuring the brightness of gemstones. When the scatterer is exposed to electromagnetic waves with a certain wavelength distribution, the scattering properties can be measured from the stereoscopic mirror scattering distribution, and the illumination is not limited. In the visible light, the measurement target is not limited to the gemstone, and the measurement target is not limited to the brightness. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a color measuring device for scattering light of a gemstone, which can be used to measure the scatterer A device of the nature to measure the color of the scattered light of the gemstone and further for measuring the luminous distribution of a self-illuminating illuminant. Solution to Problem The apparatus for measuring the properties of a scatterer of the present invention is an operational principle and configuration of a device for measuring the brightness of a gemstone proposed in the text of the patent application No. 2010-1 19349, which is The measurement target is the nature of the scatterer and the type of light emitted can be varied. The means for measuring the properties of the scatterer can measure the properties of the scatterer from the stereoscatter scattering distribution of the scatterer when receiving an electromagnetic wave having a certain wavelength of the knives, including a parabolic mirror or a parabola a screen; like this platform, which is used to place the scatterer at the focus of the parabolic or parabolic screen; a generator 'this is used to generate the electromagnetic wave; and an imaging device' Is used to image scattered waves, such as planar images, by which the scatterers scatter when electromagnetic waves from the generator are received, and then the electromagnetic waves are reflected off the parabolic mirror or projected onto the scatterer. '«Heil parabolic screen, wherein the scattering system to be measured is placed on the sample platform; wherein the electromagnetic wave is at least any one or more from a hypothetical spherical surface with the aforementioned focus as its center 10 201237396 Orienting or illuminating the scatterer in a direction; wherein the scatterer scatters and reflects off the parabolic mirror or projects onto the ray The scattered wave on the shaped screen is imaged by the imaging device as planar imaging data, and wherein the stereoscopic mirror distribution of the scattered wave generated by the scatterer is obtained from the imaging material obtained thereby, thereby measuring the result from the distribution result The nature of the scatterer, wherein the scattered waves are obtained within a range of less than 3 pi/4 (intensity) of a curve on the cross section, and the central axis of the hypothetical spherical surface having the focus is at its center . Therefore, it is possible to measure the scattered wave scattered from a scatterer from a wide range, that is, to a far wider angle than in the case of performing light imaging on a flat screen, so that it can be self-hypothetical. An image of 3 pi/4 (strength) of the spherical surface is obtained. At the same time, the measurement operation can be performed without deterioration of the conversion accuracy, so that the properties of the scatterer can be evaluated more accurately. The parabolic surface here represents a three-dimensional curved surface made by rotating a parabola (a curve on a two-dimensional plane) and including its focus around its central axis. A color measuring device for scattering light of a gemstone is a device for measuring the color of the scattered light of the gemstone by using the aforementioned means for measuring the properties of the scatterer, wherein the white parallel light is emitted from the generator; wherein the scatterer is irradiated The scattered wave scattered and reflected from the parabolic mirror or projected on the parabolic screen is imaged by the imaging device as planar imaging material, and wherein the obtained speckle scattered light image can be measured quantitatively. Data, color scattering or wavelength distribution. 201237396 For example, for diamonds, white light is considered the best in many of the diamond's sparkling colors. Until now, the color is measured by visual = eye, or by comparing the color of the diamond to the color table, and then determining whether it is closest to white, but by means of the device, it can be objectively Determine the degree of whiteness or RGB ratio. The present invention - a device for measuring the brightness of a diamond is a device for measuring the brightness of a gemstone using the aforementioned means for measuring the properties of a scatterer to measure the glare of a gemstone when it receives natural light. The stereo mirror cloth 'and contains a light source' instead of a generator for producing parallel rays. By means of extinct means for measuring the brightness of the gemstone with the aforementioned configuration, the gemstones to be tested are placed on the sample platform; at least the parallel rays are rotated relative to each other by i > 90 degrees around the central # line And the gemstone' is configured to illuminate parallel rays of light from the source onto the gemstone in a direction at least between a central axis of the parabolic or parabolic screen and a direction normal to the centerline; The light generated by the gemstone is reflected from the parabolic mirror or projected on the parabolic screen, and is imaged as planar imaging data by the imaging device; and the edge image is calculated from the thus obtained w-plane imaging data. The three-dimensional illuminating distribution of the light produced by the gemstone includes the size and number of rays. Therefore, the present invention is used for measuring the brightness of a gemstone with a stable accuracy. The device is measured from a similar situation, and the flashing light is capable of being objectively and simultaneously with the gemstone when receiving light. , that is, the size and number of lines. 12 201237396 may provide a slit at the parabolic or parabolic screen, or provide a means to move the light source along an arc in the parabolic or parabolic screen, i.e. - The gems illuminate parallel rays. In terms of parallel rays, monochromatic laser light and white LED light can be used. In addition, multiple light sources can be used for observation and measurement operations, so that three laser light sources, ie red, blue and green laser light sources, can be alternately switched, thereby measuring the size distribution of the bright spots for each color and Quantity. A color measuring device for scattering light of a gemstone according to the present invention, and a device not including a light source for measuring a light emission distribution, can measure the light emission distribution of an spontaneous light emitting body and have the following characteristics. Apply to a parabolic or parabolic screen. When the parabolic mirror emitted by the illuminator placed on the focus of the parabolic mirror of the parabolic mirror is used, a luminescence can be illuminated. Secondly, the parabolic ray is reflected by the parabolic mirror and then imaged by the imaging device. Alternatively, an illuminant can be placed on the focus of the parabolic screen when using a parabolic screen. Then, the light emitted from the illuminator on the central axis of the parabolic screen is projected onto the parabolic screen and imaged. By analyzing the imaging data, the stereoluminescence distribution of the illuminant can be measured. Thus, the device can bring about the same advantageous effects of the color measuring device and thus bring about the same advantageous effects of the device for measuring the properties of the scatterer of the present invention. Advantageous Effects of Invention The present invention is a device for measuring the properties of a scatterer, a color measuring device for radiating light of a gemstone, a device for measuring the brightness of a gemstone, and

S 13 201237396 The effect of the apparatus for measuring the illuminating distribution as described in the foregoing description. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the drawings. <Embodiment of the Invention> Fig. 1 (4) is an overview of a device for measuring the brightness of a gemstone, and Fig. 8 is a view between a parabolic surface and a hypothetical spherical surface used in the device. Conceptual diagram of relationships. These schemas will be used later to describe the conceptual configuration of the device used to measure the brightness of a gemstone. = Figure 1 (a) shows the 2 rays of light used to measure the brightness of a gemstone (9). "Photographing from a laser source LF from multiple incident directions: within the gemstone D (this is not a self-illuminating illuminator, especially a diamond). According to this configuration, the model can be used to simulate the actual use of the five mysterious stones (where the light is stopped by the light), so that it can be _ localized and quantified under the real conditions of use. How to flash." "How does the luminescence study _" can be quantified based on the size of the ray 二2 = angle) SV, which is emitted from the illuminant D when the illuminant D hits the flat line ^, then The surface of the spherical surface vs. (the sample system is placed in the spherical table 2 should be = in the actual use of the illuminant D, the scattered light ~ jin has a direction toward the incident light of the sample. In addition, the measuring device 2 of the present invention performs digitization and quantization operations using only a single incident light source, 201237396, and changes its orientation on a spherical surface (see Fig. 1(a)' where the polar coordinate angle alpha and beta will It changes during the scanning process, so it is possible to reproduce the "light incident from all directions" in actual use. Then, as shown in Fig. 1 (b), using a concave mirror PM having a parabolic surface Accurately measure "the light (area) dOmega on the hypothetical spherical surface vs." Here, the bright spot S emitted from the sample (illuminant D) onto the mirror is converted into "the hypothetical spherical surface VS Size on the dOmega (face Thus, it is possible to analyze the distribution of the original size of the light dOmega emitted from the illuminant D from their statistical distribution. &lt;The solid angle from the direction of the illuminant of the illuminant and the light reflected from the central axis The relationship between the distances is reflected in the light SB emitted from the illuminant 〇 (the illuminating system is disposed at the focus of the parabolic mirror PM) as shown in FIG. 1(b). The light of the parabolic concave mirror PM is parallel to the central axis (y-axis) of the parabolic mirror. The radius distance "r" from the center of the focal plane and the azimuth angle with respect to the light ray SB ( There is a relationship between the theta and theta. Figure 2 shows a number of formulas for interpreting the relationship, which will be explained later with reference to the formula. The discussion below is based on a light exit. According to the premise of the three-dimensional polar coordinates (theta, phi). Here, the "polar coordinates" is the same concept as the latitude and longitude on the spherical surface of the sphere or the sky, and the north pole is set to theta= 0 degrees. Then, "Antarctic" is considered to have

S 15 201237396 —=18〇 (degree measure)=pi (strength amount), *“equatorial” shell (four) is regarded as “, degree (degree measure)=pi/2 (strength amount). “Northern hemisphere” can be regarded as Covers OEL, equal to or less than thetaEL h, equal to or less than pi/2 (measured). The sample (Lumin D) is considered to be located at the center of the sphere. Since the system containing the true and hypothetical projection and reflection planes is "axially symmetric", the system does not require coordinate transformation in the phi direction (corresponding to the longitude of the sphere coordinates). Therefore, only the conversion for theta is considered in the following. When the y-axis is set to the axis of symmetry and the +y axis is set to be on the convex side of the parabola, the focus coincides with the origin 〇, that is, the center of the sphere, and the equation of the parabola can be expressed as FIG. 2 The quadratic formula inside (1). In general, part of A (A &gt; 0) can be any positive integer here. Light rays projected from the center of the sphere can now be received at a "hypothetical spherical surface" having a radius ra". In order to make the "hypothetical spherical surface /" in the horizontal line (equatorial), that is, the X-axis or 讣6 of Fig. 1(b) is =9〇, the upper one of the positions coincides with the parabola, so "A It should be chosen as 1/2p. In other words, the formula (2) in Figure 2 can be called "for a parabolic surface that covers the entire sky sphere with an equatorial radius and the origin as the focus" (in this specific In the embodiment, a = l 00 mm). The light emitted from the s-home origin can be expressed as equation (3) of Fig. 2, which is a linear equation (straight line). The slope "m" here has the relationship of the angle theta to the axis and the equation shown in equation (4) of Fig. 2. If the coordinates of the intersection point P of the formula (2) and the formula (3) are set to (p, mp), the formula (5) of Fig. 2 and the formula (6) of Fig. 2 can be obtained from the formula (2). By solving these equations, the formula (7) of Fig. 201237396 2 can be obtained. Equation (4) can also be expressed as the formula of Fig. 2 (4V, mv } so that the formula (8) of Fig. 2 can be obtained. Although the dry pattern is not visible, the characteristics of the mathematical expression s, the connection 〇 and P And the linear equivalent gas representing the straight line of the light emitted from the origin of the sea (eight will meet the quadratic curve (parabola) at two points. However, consider the consideration)

The X coordinate of the intersection point P of the J term in the range of 0 &lt;theta&lt;pi/2 is 〇&lt;p&lt;a. The reason should only consider the value having a positive sign (+) as the solution of the formula (8). Actual ^, if a value with a minus sign (1) is included, the principle of this mechanism allows a single parabolic surface to cover the entire sky, including the southern hemisphere (Pi/2&lt;theta&lt;Pi) (except the Antarctic). This would be very advantageous, = this only applies if the condition of the parabolic surface is infinitely deep, and this is impractical from the point of view of the configuration of the mechanism. On the practical level, it is more effective to provide another = "parabolic surface" to the southern hemisphere considering the actual measurement work. By the foregoing principle, "the light leaving at the angle theta relative to the north pole axis will be projected onto the parabolic surface at the point of the X coordinate = a((l_costheta)/sintheta". If the parabolic surface & Mirror", the light from the sample will be reflected, so all the rays of the (four) degree are in the y direction, such as parallel rays with respect to the y axis. Alternatively, if the parabolic surface is "white screen" , the light emitted from the center point stops here. If it is from a point far enough away (that is, from all the images into the field of view can be observed at the position of the approximate parallel rays) The image can be seen at the same position as the one obtained by the reflection of the mirror. 17 201237396 This means that the parabolic surface is ideal for the shape represented by the equation (2). For the production, the images can be observed by using one of the following optical systems (one of which will be described later with reference to Figure 9). (1) Used at infinity (far enough away) Observing the reflection away from An optical system of light having a parabolic surface shape; (2) an optical system for projecting light reflected from a mirror having a parabolic surface shape onto a planar screen orthogonal to the y-axis; 3) an optical system for observing light incident on a screen having a parabolic surface shape at infinity in the y direction; and (4) for projecting from the +y direction (from the back side) to having a parabolic shape The optical system of the light on the translucent screen of the surface shape. Here, the original polar coordinates (theta, phi) on the spherical surface can be exchanged by exchanging the formula (8) of Fig. 2 or the formula (9) of Fig. 2. The polar coordinates (r, phi) on a plane are uniquely derived. (phi is not affected by the conversion.) <Conversion of the ray area of the light> Refer to the formula (1 〇) to the formula (2〇) in Fig. 3 To illustrate the conversion of the area of the ray SB. If the light scattered, reflected or emitted from the same (this is set at the center of the sphere that coincides with the focus of the parabolic surface) has a solid angle dOmega ' Available on the surface of the sphere The polar coordinates (theta, phi) represent the solid angle according to the formula (1〇) of Fig. 3. In this case, dOmega is a "rectangular" area, the length is dtheta for the width and the width is dphi for phi. Even with the largest size, 201237396 can be considered to have a fairly "small area" in the space of the entire sphere or hemisphere. The following approximations will now be considered. For ease of discussion, here is the use of a concave shape with a parabolic surface. The mirror, the light emitted from the center of the sphere is converted into light parallel to the axis, and then projected onto the plane screen sc corresponding to the equatorial plane (see Figure i(b)). Here, each redundant point can be regarded as having a rectangular shape from (theta, phi) to (theta+dtheta, phi+dphi). Then, at the reflected or projected position (ie, at the surface where the normal is pointing to the center point, or at the surface of the light that is normal to the surface from the center), The area dS of each of the rectangular shapes on the spherical surface can be expressed by the formula (11) of Fig. 3. Since the ruler is the distance between the center of the sphere and the parabolic surface (mirror or screen), as shown in Figure i(b), this value will be based on theta(0EL($, equal to or less than) thetaEL( $, equal to or less than pi/2 (intensity)) and varies between (a/2) EL ($, equal to or less than) REL ($, equal to or less than) a. If the size of each bright spot is sufficiently small, then each bright spot that has a rectangular shape and is projected from the center of the sphere will have a rectangular shape when the light is reflected by the parabolic mirror and projected onto a flat screen as a flat light. shape". Then consider that the bright spot projected onto a flat circular screen "in the direction of the half # (ie, the direction in Figure 1 (b)) is subjected to the ^'s towel and is not converted in the angular direction (ie, coincident) The polar coordinate phi)" of the spherical surface. In addition, even if the original scattered light does not have a rectangular shape, 201237396 is the same, that is, "is in the direction of theta, not in the phi direction, subject to conversion", so The same arguments as the size of the solid point of the projected original ray and the size of the bright spot projected from the parabolic mirror and projected by the parallel ray are still applicable. Since there is a relationship between the radius position "r" on the plane screen and the angle ta of the original ray SB as shown in the equations (8) and (9) of FIG. 2, the formula of the diagram (3) can be derived ( 12) and formula (13) (due to formula (8), therefore). After the false δ is further projected (the fan-shaped bright spot is projected onto the flat screen after the light is reflected by the concave mirror and converted into parallel rays), the area of dS' can be obtained. 14) and formula (15). Since R is the distance from the center of the sphere (the focus of the parabolic surface) to the "parabolic surface" on which the actual reflection and projection occur, R = (l + m2) p2 ' where (p, mp) is obtained A coordinate representing the intersection point of the parabolic surface with a line having a slope "m" and passing through the center point. The X coordinate of the intersection P indicates the distance from the center to the projected bright spot on the plane screen to which the bright spot is projected (equal to the radius "Γ") ^ thus the formula (16) of Fig. 3 can be obtained. From equations (15) and (16) of Fig. 3, equation (17) of Fig. 3 can be derived. Every time I think, "If a parabolic mirror is used to convert scattered light arriving from a sample placed at the focus of the parabolic mirror into parallel rays, the area of each of the bright spots after projection is equal to the scattered light. The area expected at a reflective position. (Because it is the position of the reflection, consider the ray surface on the surface of a hypothetical sphere 20 201237396 and here refers to the area projected onto the hypothetical sphere). &gt; In addition to the area (images before and after projection), the stereo angle dOmega of the highlights can also be discussed and compared in the sample evaluation. It is possible to feast and present the relationship expressed in the formulas (1 8), (19) and (2) of Figure 3. In a particular embodiment, a bright spot reflection can be obtained from a concave mirror having a parabolic surface having a radius a = 1 〇〇 mm (the axis is orthogonal to the plane of the focus) Image area ds and stereo angle dOmega were compared and evaluated. Further, 24 shows a device for measuring the brightness of a gemstone, which measures the brightness of the gemstone based on the principles and calculation formulas described with reference to the aforementioned figures i to 3; U) is a front view of the unitary device; (b) a side view; a top view thereof; and (4) a view of the appearance thereof, a computer that performs the image processing, calculation, and control operations of the device; FIG. 5(a) is as shown in FIG. The front view of the mirror body, and (4) 5 (b) for its bottom view. The parts of the foregoing description have been given the same reference numerals and will not be described again. The means 2 for measuring the brightness of the gemstone contains an imaging body which internally has a white-plated parabolic screen read on a parabolic surface. The parabolic surface has a shape created by rotating a parabolic curve having a formula around its central axis containing its focus. The device is also provided with a light source 2 (LF), which emits a red laser light ll; an arc trajectory 3 on which the light source can move in a curved manner; a transparent sample platform 4 The load is an illuminant D; and a bracket body 5, which integrally supports the image body i, the light source 2 and the arc (4) line 3, and 21 201237396 and rotates the sample platform 4 relative to the sample platform 4. In addition, the device 2q for measuring the brightness of the gemstone is set by the two plane mirrors 6A and 6B' to rotate the image projected on the camp screen twice by 9 degrees; This is used to image the reflected light from the plane mirror 6B; and a frame body 8 俾 这些 these parts. In addition, the device 2 for measuring the brightness of the gemstone is also provided with a personal computer body η' to control the aforementioned portion and process the obtained information, the flat display panel 12; a keyboard 13 and a mouse U, thereby controlling The operation of the apparatus of the present invention is performed by data processing to obtain the necessary information. That is, as shown in Fig. 5, the image forming body 1 having a flat cylindrical shape contains a parabolic screen ΡΜ which is disposed at the bottom surface of the inside thereof. At the same time, 'the slit laJi can be provided and at least from the horizontal plane to the vertical position', so that the red light laser parallel light LL disposed outside the light source 2 can be irradiated to an illuminant D'. It is a sample located inside the imaging body 1. And can also provide one to use the imaging body! A mounting hole lb is placed in the support body 5. Since the slit la does not reflect the light (non-reflective part) from the illuminant D, the entire reflected light from the illuminant D cannot be obtained, thereby causing a lack of data in the system. The lack of data within the observation range can be improved by making the width of the incident light narrower according to the size of the sample. In this example, for a circular area with a radius of (10), an area of only 10 mm (width) x 105 mm (length) is a missing area, which does not significantly affect the overall data. The light source 2 is driven by an electrically driven device having a high degree of control, such as the 22 201237396 servo motor, by which it is moved smoothly on the curved trajectory 3 and maintains its angle at any angular position. The curved trajectory 3 is fixed to the outside of the image forming body 1 by a building body 5. This type of device 20 can be arranged to align the illuminant D fixed on the sample platform 4, move and stop the light source 2 on the curved trajectory 3, thereby changing the parallel ray from the twist to 90 degrees. The slope of LL. At the same time, the light source 2 can also be rotated by the support body 5 with respect to the fixed illuminant D on a plane having a center line containing the parabolic focus, i.e., the normal to the plane. Instead of providing the slit, a small light source that emits parallel rays and moves on the curved track may be provided inside the parabolic screen pM or the parabolic mirror, thereby irradiating parallel rays to the illuminant D. . Figure 6(a) shows a plurality of bright spots (lights) SB that are generated for enabling the red parallel laser ray LL to be incident on the beta illuminant D (diamond) at a particular angle using the monthly device. Light (scattering red light) is reflected off the parabolic screen parabolic mirror while the bright spots sb change to a monochromatic and inverted image. The desired image can be observed on the parabolic screen pM from infinity. Since the shape of the parabolic screen PM is known, the position of each observed bright spot SB on the hypothetical spherical surface LD and the solid angle SV are known 'because the distance and position from the center point can be converted Into the size of the competition. Figure 6(b) shows the "binary" image of the image observed in Figure 6(a). Change. In order to measure the size sv of each bright spot SB, the size distribution can be determined by the "binary processing" (so that the black and white image can be converted into the shape data of 〇 or 1) according to the method of 201223396. When performing this "binary operation", the threshold value can be adjusted to analyze the statistical distribution of the intensity and contrast of the bright spots. 7 shows a frequency distribution (histogram) pattern of the bright points δΒ size SV obtained from the binary image of FIG. 5(b), wherein the bright points sb are converted to a solid angle as the hypothetical spherical surface LD Distribution. Here, since the position of the light source LF is scanned by changing the polar coordinates (theta, phi) on the hypothetical spherical surface LD, the pattern is obtained from the total distribution (spheroidality, strad.) of the solid angle sv. So for this stereo angle dOmega, the number N of bright spots SB is proportional to an exponential function. In other words, the following empirical rules are available: N(dOmega)=N〇exp{-lambdadOmega}, where lambda&gt;0, and N〇 is (??) (formula (21)). The histogram of Fig. 7 shows that when the polar coordinates (theta, phi) of the light source LF are changed at ten points, that is, (0 degrees, 0 degrees), (30 degrees, twists), (30 degrees, 90 degrees), (60 degrees, 0 degrees), (60 degrees, 45 degrees), (6 degrees, 90 degrees), (90 degrees, 0 degrees), (90 degrees, 30 degrees), (90 degrees, 60 Degree) and (9 degrees, 90 degrees), the dOmega frequency distribution calculated after conversion for all observed highlights. In this histogram, the 'horizontal cuffs are not stereoscopic angles dOmega, and the vertical axis is the number N (dOmega) of the bright spots SB having the stereoscopic angles dOmega corresponding to the respective interval ranges. These ten points can be regarded as the direction of the incident light, and basically the self-aligning 24 201237396 sphere surfaces are “divided and averaged. The more and the denser the scanning step at the selected point of the human shooting direction can be A higher measurement accuracy is obtained, and (4) the number of measurements is more. It can also be irradiated over a wide range of angles by moving the light source LF. From this frequency distribution data, it can be used as a gas to determine " The value of the indicator of how the scatterer flickers can be considered as follows. (1) The decay rate in the interval where the d〇mega frequency distribution is an index (approximately d〇mega=〇 to 1WO·4 steradian)—: and (7) There is a number of bright spots greater than a given value (i.e., having a larger solid angle dOmega' which may be, for example, d〇mega&gt; 2xl〇4 sphericity or larger). 'In addition' can change the decay rate lambda by changing the "binary threshold" of the image processing program. Therefore, by comparing the derived statistical average values of the solid angles obtained by the bright points, (7) = the highlight of each scatterer Depending on the intensity, an indicator of contrast can be calculated. In other words, # is analyzed by the frequency distribution, and the index of the following items is digitized: β Does the sample for the sample have many bright spots with large—a or Tiny dOmega, 2) The sample is recorded with many large absolute highlights, or 疋 3) whether the sample has significant contrast in the bright spot. &lt;Exponential function of frequency distribution (histogram) of size&gt; 25

S 201237396 Among these indicators, the following examples will be used to discuss a key criterion for judging whether a sample has many bright spots with large d〇mega or many with tiny d〇mega. This is the "attenuation factor lambda of the frequency distribution" obtained from an "index range". If the number N (dOmega) of the bright point d0mega has a distribution N(dOmega)=N〇exp{-lambdadOmega}, take the logarithm of N(dOmega) ln{N(dOmega)}. An approximate linear relationship as shown in Fig. 8 is obtained when plotted against d〇mega. Since the slope value of the line corresponds to the attenuation factor (•lambda) with a negative sign, the meaning of the indicator is as follows: Eight samples with large lambda = number N (d〇mega), while stereo angle dOmega is fast decay = There are relatively few samples with a large stereoscopic angle of dOmega, and - a sample with a small lambda = a number N (d〇mega) highlights, while the stereo angle d〇mega is a slow decay = has a relatively large majority with a small stereo angle dOmega A sample of the highlights. Therefore, with the apparatus 2 for measuring the brightness of a gemstone of the present invention, a parabolic screen PM can be used, and the gemstone to be measured can be placed at its focus. The laser beam LL is at least from the normal to the parabolic shape by rotating the slit 1&amp; and the gemstone d opposite each other by at least 90 degrees through the slit u provided in the parabolic mirror The direction of the central axis ^ of the screen pM is "heavy. Imaging of the light generated by the gemstone and reflected off the parabolic screen PM after the side of the central axis is illuminated upwards to the gemstone D" Analysis of the data, from which the gemstones were calculated 26 201237396

The size of the emitted light SB and the moving wu. M + B is not in quantity. In this way, the flash window can be measured in an objective manner and with stable accuracy. ^ amp ^ &amp; μ t ^ 琛 琛 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在The size and number. The inventor of this case is convinced that the female I 1 # „ is launched, and the jewel D of the large-sized light SB is a sensible dazzling gemstone, which is the jewel of the sensation. Therefore, the inventor of the case believes The device 2G for measuring the brightness of a gemstone can measure the brightness of a gemstone in an objective manner, especially a diamond. The inventor of the present invention will perform gemstone measurement as many times as possible in the future and love the brightness of the human eye. The relationship between the measured values of the device 2〇. Without the reflective parabolic PM, as shown in the example, the parabolic mirror can achieve a similar effect. To illuminate a gemstone from the aforementioned direction, the parabola can be in the parabola. It is sufficient to provide a slit at the shape or parabolic screen, or to provide a device to move the light source along an arc in the parabolic or parabolic screen. In parallel light, not only a single color laser Light can also use white LED light. In addition, multiple light sources can be used for observation and measurement, so that three laser sources, namely red, blue and green laser sources, can be delivered. Switching to measure the size distribution and number of the smear points for each color. &lt;Device for measuring illuminance distribution, which is the basis of the present invention&gt; Fig. 9 is a view showing the parabolic surface and the hypothetical spherical surface A conceptual diagram of the relationship between the two. Referring now to Figure 9, the conceptual configuration of the apparatus for measuring the illumination distribution is illustrated in accordance with the same principles as the apparatus for measuring the brightness of a gemstone of the present invention.

S 27 201237396 The device 30 for measuring the illuminating distribution can measure the illuminating distribution of a self-illuminating illuminant D and has the following characteristics: using a parabolic mirror PM1 or a parabolic screen pM1; using a parabolic mirror In the case of pMi, an illuminant D is placed at the focus 〇 of the parabolic mirror; the light emitted from the illuminant D on the central axis of the parabolic mirror PM1 is subjected to the parabolic mirror PM1 Reflected and then imaged by a CCD camera CA; or alternatively, in the case of a parabolic screen PM1, an illuminant D is placed at the focus of the parabolic screen; in the center of the parabolic screen PM1 The light emitted from the illuminant D on the axis is projected onto the parabolic screen PM1 and then imaged; the stereo illuminating distribution of the illuminant D can be measured by analyzing any imaging material. In the figure, the light rays SB 1 to SB6 emitted from the illuminant D are reflected off the parabolic mirror PM 丨 or projected onto the parabolic screen PM 1 . Each of the reflected or projected spots p丨 to p6 is imaged. Each of the projected or reflected rays L1 to L6 is parallel to the central axis y. From the position of each light spot rl to r6, and its size dsl to dS6, the position of each light spot qi to Q6 on the hypothetical spherical surface VS1 can be calculated from the above procedure to theta6 and the size d〇megal to d0mega6. That is, as apparent from Fig. 9 and discussed as before, the positions of the respective spots 卩1 to Q6 on the hypothetical spherical surface vS1, thetai to theta6, and the sizes dOmegal to d〇mega6, can be easily calculated. At the same time, due to the relationship between the parabolic screen PM1 and the hypothetical spherical surface VS1, as shown in the figure, a single image is available for obtaining an image of the illuminant D, the image covering the hypothetical spherical surface Vs丨 3pi/4 (strength) is the 28th 201237396, but it is enough for practical use. This imaging range may be no more than 3 pi/4 (intensity amount) or less than 3 Pi/4 (intensity amount) (this means _135 degrees &lt;theta&lt;+135 degrees). Further, as is apparent from the relationship between the light spot p 丨 p on the parabolic screen and the light spots Q1 to Q6 on the hypothetical spherical surface, the correspondence between p and Q is such that Good conversion accuracy is achieved in all directions in terms of luminosity, thus ensuring stable and accurate conversion results. Fig. 10 is a view showing the relationship between "r (distance from the central axis)" and "theta (stereoscopic angle of the light-emitting direction)" in Fig. 9. The formula in Fig. 10: r(theta)=a〇_c〇s讣心“ is equal to the formula 8 in Fig. 2. In the case of using a parabolic mirror, it may or may not be necessary to use the screen milk. Imaging. The CCD camera CA is preferably located at an infinity, such as an ideal position, but can be located closer, because angle conversion can be performed without difficulty. a On the other hand, in the case of a parabolic screen. The ccd camera CA can be placed on the convex side or the concave side of the parabolic screen. This can improve the degree of freedom in the design of the device and make the device more compact. The same day, the paradise The shape screen can be made of a water permeable material such as a synthetic resin, so as to reduce the production cost. The camera CA is not limited to a CCD camera, but can use any imaging device corresponding to the electromagnetic wave used. Light is like ultraviolet light or light

Light can be used as a projection for the parabolic projection for luminescence measurements. Therefore, by using a 29 201237396 parabolic screen in the device 30 for measuring the illuminating distribution, a self-luminous illuminator can be measured in a wide range of angles in a simple, objective and precise manner. Luminous distribution. Here, the spontaneous light emitter may include an LED (Light Emitting Diode), a light lamp, a self-luminous phosphor, and an organic electroluminescence. Thus, in the present invention, light emitted from an illuminant (including a non-self-luminous illuminator) can be converted into a central axis with the parabolic surface by using a parabolic surface such as a mirror or a screen. Parallel rays of light. The light distribution emitted from the illuminant can be measured in a stereoscopic manner by imaging the data generated by the flat ray receiving part &lt; CCD (4). Figure 11 shows a typical diamond turner. Reference will now be made to this figure, an overview of a diamond, to illustrate its current state of brightness measurement, and how to develop a device for measuring brightness of the present invention. This figure is based on Figure 6 of the "Designation Assignment" 15 in the "Textbook" issued by "Gemological lnstitute of America (G I A )" in 1972. Diamonds are evaluated according to the so-called “4C”, which is the key criterion for evaluating their value. These include (1) carats (weight), (2) colors, (3) lathes (proportional, symmetrical and polished), and (4) clarity (quality and quantity of contents). Among these factors, the turning and clarity are related to the brightness of the diamond. Clarity is a factor given by the nature of artificial inability to be involved. However, in the case of a lathe, it is indeed possible to use diamond particles to grind the surface of a diamond to increase or decrease the sparkle. At present, most of the typical diamond turners use 58 small-faced turners (including a sharp bottom) or 57 small-faced turners (not including the pointed bottom). The applicants of this patent 30 201237396 also follow this. the way. Figure 11 shows the shape and name of the various parts of the 58 small facial workers. The shape of the diamond with 58 small facial turners consists roughly of the crown visible to the human eye; the pavilion at the opposite side; and the waistline between them, which is the outer edge portion. In this figure, the addition of the "waist" to the waist and the bottom of the tip means that these parts are described in terms of the enlarged size. The pair is composed of an octagonal table at the top; eight triangular star faces are inclined downward from each side of the table; eight approximate diamond-shaped facelets are respectively inclined downward Out to the waistline and containing two adjacent side faces of the star-shaped small face; and sixteen upper waist facelets, connecting the two beveled facets and one waistline to the two straight sides and an arc The crotch portion has eight diamond-shaped pavilions and a pair of legs from the waistline to the waist-shaped small face, which have two adjacent curved sides that reach the waistline; an octagonal pointed bottom. Small face, these contain - the longer side of the shorter pointed bottom; the longer side of the small (four) near the pavilion and the lowermost side of the construction = 8: the facial turner is known as " The round bright turner, that is, the bottom of the figure does not. For the operation of the measuring device shown in Fig. 4, the diamond as the illuminant can be placed under the bottom and the table portion can be placed on the top, but the illuminant can be set according to the test 2:=: state.旳U does not lie. These small faces are basically a precisely determined phase between the individuals and are at the opposite angle from their _ small face. With this reference angle and flat 31 201237396 Tando's diamond turner is roughly called the most beautiful sparkling diamond. However, since diamonds have the highest hardness, it is necessary to use a grindstone containing diamond particles to sharpen the diamond. If a surface is ground, the grindstone will be worn out when the diamond is ground. Therefore, it is impossible to accurately cut the diamond with the target angle and flatness. Currently commercially available diamonds typically have an angular error of at least a second decimal place between these small faces. The light incident on the diamond with this error does not produce the ideal scattered light (the light is repeatedly reflected and refracted in the diamond in a complex manner and t will eventually be emitted as a scattered light). In some cases, as an example of the patent reference i" used to measure the brightness of a diamond in an objective manner, the person has the above-mentioned problem, "Gemological Institute of America" has the technology of gem identification. People with experience are currently using gemologists to conduct gemstone identification. The examination of Xuan et al. cannot be regarded as objective, because it is always determined by the human eye. It has been proposed to increase the number of lathe workers', such as 66 small faces, 100 small faces, 144 small faces, 194 small faces and 21 small faces to improve the spinth of the diamond. This really increases the amount of tiny sleekness, 35 is not necessarily able to get the high quality of the brilliance of the diamonds that watched the viewers of Lunen. In addition, with the increase in the number of small faces, it may be possible to combine the wells with the monthly ε stomach juice. According to a patent application, the car shovel handles the 烁 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋It is expected that the effect of the increase in the degree of slewing will be achieved by the social security search for the case. In the case of the accuracy of the HI! Turning accuracy, it is impossible to reach the precise turning work that satisfies this condition. Xihe:: The long-term experience of gems, the applicant of this patent knows that the 咛 浙 浙, the first line of the drill ρ is a diamond that can attract the attention of the viewer, and according to the knowledge, has produced two Use: to measure the brightness of the gemstone and to measure the brightness according to the objective method; Yu Li also invites the person to believe that the device used to measure the brightness of the gemstone is also suitable for measuring the luminous distribution of the self-luminous illuminant. Therefore, the applicant of the present application has also proposed the aforementioned means for measuring the illuminating distribution. The apparatus for measuring the illuminating distribution of the present invention and the apparatus for measuring the jewel measurement are not limited to the foregoing specific embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims and the specific embodiments. Therefore, these variations and combinations are within the correct scope of this patent application. In addition, since the apparatus for measuring the illuminance distribution of the present invention and the apparatus for measuring the jewel measurement can measure the solid angles of each size having a size and a direction, the following items are also feasible: (1) measuring the highlights The degree of the opposite sex ("irregularity"). The approximate round bright spot and the bright spot with the comet shape attached to the appendix can be measured statistically, so that the grinding precision and flatness of the small face of each sample can be evaluated; (2) for the light source from the light source The incident ray on a particular direction (alpha, beta) measures the extent to which the bright spot is distributed within a hypothetical spherical surface (distribution at (theta, phi)). For example, you can quantify the area of a sample that is “concentrating on emitting bright spots in the vicinity of the Arctic.” 201237396: "A sample that emits bright spots almost uniformly in the northern hemisphere." Two places: For example, an indicator for evaluating "the side of the platform: the turning of the degree", and the culvert m (3) can be found when the light source is moving away and seeing - special...&quot; The movement of the inside of each of the moving highlights becomes an evaluation index of the jewelry item having a ring, an ear, or a necklace that is often worn under dynamic conditions.卞In the device of this example, although “# f is a sample # fixedly arranged, the light source knows that the angle of alpha and beta is moved by Jiang Xuyue.” However, it is indeed possible to use the parabolic convex mirror. The screen is fixed to, for example, the north pole position, and the sample is moved by the alpha and beta buckles &amp; Α ± 曰 angle axis shift (goniometer) relative movement method. Alternatively, compromises in the location and orientation of the source and sample can be applied using both &amp; methods. &lt;Specific embodiment of the present invention&gt; The inventors of the present application have considered that the device for measuring the brilliance of the sapphire proposed above can be applied to the scatterer in a rough manner without limitation of the measurement target. The light is not limited to visible light, but contains electromagnetic waves having a certain wavelength distribution. It is assumed that the scattering distribution properties of a scatterer are known. The scattering system is irradiated with electromagnetic waves, and obtains a distribution of scattered waves generated by the scatterer, such as a planar imaging data and a stereoscopic cloth cloth obtained by obtaining the scatterer, that is, a sample, from the imaging material. Can determine whether the nature of the two is the same. In view of the use of the invention in this regard, a device for measuring the properties of the scatterer of the 2012 20123396 is proposed. Μ , π tampering or radiating rays, including visible light, infrared light, ultraviolet light, neon light, and gamma rays. The electromagnetic wave may be a monochromatic light having a single wavelength of H), 1 (rv, or white light having a wavelength distribution. The scattered wave may be an electromagnetic wave or a radiant ray having the same wavelength range as the incident wave. The scattered wave may have a wavelength different from the incident wave according to the incident wavelength or may be observed on the final scattering intensity distribution: using a parabolic surface, reflecting through a mirror or projecting through a screen, - sample The intensity and direction of the scattered wave emitted in three-dimensional space is related to the information related in the two-dimensional plane, and is converted into position or strong capital, ,,: and then according to the material of the "parabolic surface", The position or intensity information can be corrected by shape or reflection or projection method. This correcting operation is to evaluate the effect on the condition of the reflected or projected surface and the deviation of the position of the measured object. Visualize and visualize both visible and non-visible light at a position on the "parabolic surface" or after reflection from the "parabolic surface" Degree measurement. In the case of white light incident light (including light γ ', beam with a wavelength distribution), the direction of the ray of the ray is due to the difference in refractive index, or due to the modulation structure in the sample (wavelength dispersion) For the sake of "there is a change for each wavelength. Here 愔-r —, Μ also under ' can be used according to the wavelength and color of the sample to separate the dispersion of the 2012 20123396 intensity distribution, etc., by using the detector and spectral resolution The filter adjustment is performed to perform the measurement operation. In the case of visible light or invisible light such as X-ray or ultraviolet light, the scattered light from the sample can be directed to each of the three-dimensional spaces. Rays are quantified by the scattering properties (fluorescence) emitted by different wavelengths of the wavelength of the incident light, thereby observing and measuring the light. When emitting from the sample and scattering invisible light as scattered light, Illuminating the phosphor material placed on the "parabolic surface" or by accumulating the intensity of the phosphor for excitation to observe and measure the scattered light The measurement target is a substance containing a substance that causes incident light (electromagnetic wave) to reflect or refract on an optically reflective or refractive surface (including a crystal optical reflective surface), or a substance that causes microstructural scattering or diffraction. A scatterer that scatters 'diffracts or refracts electromagnetic waves having the same or different wavelengths as the incident ray. This can be a solid phase, a liquid phase, or a gas phase. In the case of liquid or vapor phase scattering' The electrodes may be stored in a liquid-tight or airtight container and may be separately infiltrated into electromagnetic waves during use prior to being placed on the sample platform 4. The apparatus for measuring the properties of a scatterer of the present invention is The specific configuration of the color measuring device 50 for sapphire scattered light and its effects are as described in Section "Problem Solution". The device for measuring the properties of the scatterer is different from the device for measuring the brightness of the gem as shown in FIG. Device, the only difference is that the light source is a generator 2, which emits not only parallel rays, but also the track for rotating the generator 2 up and down at 36 201237396 0-Λ - ΓΛ ^ congealed comb configuration settings may also be such that Ϊ green U _ from just below the platform 4 of the present irradiated. On the other hand, the difference in color measuring means for scattering light from a gemstone is only that the light source 2 is irradiated with white parallel rays. Example 1 Figures 12(4) and (b) illustrate the apparatus for measuring the properties of a scatterer of the present invention, which is applied to X-ray diffraction, and uses a general planar curtain to differ in operation and effect. In Fig. 12, LX represents χ ’ 'DR stands for scatterer, dl stands for scattered light (diffracted light), FM stands for flat screen and pM stands for parabolic screen. The parabolic screen is the mirror shown in Fig. 5, and is made of transparent acryl and plated on its parabolic surface as a fluorescent material or plating medium for the imaging plate (by GLScan c〇rp) 〇rati〇n manufactured). 0 is the focus representing the parabolic surface. According to the apparatus for measuring the properties of a scatterer, when the scattered light DL is received from the focus, the parabolic screen PM can receive scattered light in the range of theta=twist to 90 degrees, and theta&gt;9 〇, that is, "lower than the horizontal line", the scattered light. On the other hand, according to the plane screen FM, as long as the size R of the device is known, the light receiving range theta will be limited, so it is impossible to measure in the vicinity of the "horizontal line" (theta is close to 90 degrees) and in theta&gt ; scattered light in the range of 9 degrees. It is possible to shorten the distance D between the camera and the flat screen FM (as 37 201237396, which means moving the screen close to the sample) to widen the range of detection angles 'but this is at theta=0 degrees and A range of values around theta=9 会 will cause significant differences in detection performance. It is impractical to make the size R of the device infinite. As the foregoing, in the example of the present invention, it is possible to image scattered light in a range larger than the hemisphere, and at the same time, a certain precision can be obtained in the conversion, and the conversion formula is simple and easy. All of the above are the effects of this hair. Example 2 Using the apparatus shown in Fig. 4, experiments can be carried out in such a manner that white light parallel rays are generated from the light source (generator) 2 and irradiated onto a diamond, i.e., a scatterer, over a specific angular range. Figure 13 shows the results obtained from this experiment, which is the scattering distribution of the light (luminous distribution) (a) showing the distribution of the overall light; (b) showing the distribution of the red light (foot); (c) showing the green light (1) And (d) shows the distribution of the blue light (B). The color measuring device for the scattered light of the gemstone uses the same principle and configuration as the device for measuring the brightness of the gemstone, and the difference is only The illumination is white parallel light and the measurement target is the hue of the scattered light of the gemstone. From the experimental results, it can be seen that when the white parallel light is irradiated, the distribution of the scattered light of the diamond can be obtained for RG and B respectively. By analyzing the results of this distribution, the hue of the scattered light of a diamond, a gemstone, can be measured objectively. Many blue components can be observed here, as indicated by the arrows in Figure 13(d). 38 201237396 Industry Applicability The apparatus for measuring the properties of a scatterer, a device for measuring the redundancy of a gemstone, and a color measuring device for scattering light of a gemstone And a device for measuring the illuminating distribution can be applied, wherein β is placed at the focus of the mirror or screen with a parabolic mirror or a parabolic screen 'receiving a measurement target' The industry's field of measurement of scattered or reflected light from the measured s target in the high-conversion accuracy of the zenith (north) of the hypothetical spherical surface of the center to less than 3 pi/4 (hydroxymetric). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1(a) is a conceptual group of the apparatus for measuring the brightness of a gemstone of the present invention, and Fig. 1(b) is a view between the parabolic surface and the hypothetical spherical surface used in the apparatus. Conceptual diagram of the relationship; Figure 2 shows equations (1) to (9) for obtaining the relationship between the stereoscopic X showing the direction of a light from an illuminant and the distance of the reflected light from the central axis; Appropriate for the conversion operation for the light area 83 (20); } Figure 4 shows the vibration used to measure the brightness of the gemstone, according to the principle of (1), (2) and (3) Calculate the formula to measure the gemstone Also, where U) is the front view of the unitary device, (b) is its side view, (c) is its upper view 'and (d) is the appearance view' which shows a 39 processing of the device, calculation and calculation Figure 5 (a) is a front view of the mirror body shown in Figure 4, Figure 5 (b) is its bottom view; Figure 6 (a) and (b) are shown from the illuminator The light emitted by the device for measuring the jewel twist; Figure 7 shows that the bright spot SB obtained from the image of Figure 6(b) is converted to the solid angle on the sinusoidal spherical surface LD Distribution |, the frequency distribution pattern (histogram) of the size SV of each of the bright spots SB; Figure 8 shows a graph showing the exponential function of the frequency distribution (histogram) of the size; Figure 9 shows the parabola Figure conceptual diagram showing the relationship between the shape surface and the hypothetical spherical surface; Figure 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between "r" and "theta" in Figure 9; Figure 11 is a diagram showing a representative diamond lathe; 12 · „'s staff, for the diffraction of light, the invention is used to measure scatter enamel The principle characteristics of the device are compared with those of the measuring device in the background art. [4] where (4) is the device for measuring the properties of the scatterer of the present invention, and (b) shows the measuring device in the background art; FIG. 13 shows the color measurement for the scattered light of the gemstone by the present invention. The measurement results obtained by '(4) show the scattering distribution of the overall light; (8) show not only the scattering distribution of its red light (R); (4) show only the scattering distribution of its green light (6)' and (4) show only the scattering of its blue light W Distribution; and a view of the appearance of the device used to measure the brightness of the gemstone in the technique of the beggar; and 40 201237396 Figure 15 is a replacement list of a number of special letters and symbols found in the original patent text. [Main component symbol description] 1 Mirror body la slit 2 Light source (LF, generator) 3 Curved trajectory 4 Sample platform 5 Bracket body 6A and 6B plane mirror 7 CCD camera 8 Frame body 20 For measuring gemstones Brightness device 30 means for measuring the illuminating distribution 40 means for measuring the properties of the scatterer color measuring device for the scattered light of the gemstone illuminant LL red laser ray 焦点 focus P to P6 on the parabolic surface Spot Q to Q6 Spot on the hypothetical spherical surface y Central axis PM Parabolic mirror (screen) 201237396 sv dS r theta Light area on the parabolic surface (= dOmega) The area of the light on the hypothetical spherical surface The distance from the central axis to the illuminating (scatterer or reflected wave) direction of the solid angle 42

Claims (1)

201237396 ' VII. Patent application scope: 1. A device for measuring the stereoscopic illuminating distribution of a self-luminous illuminator, comprising: a parabolic mirror or a parabolic screen; a sample platform 'this is used for Placing the illuminator at the focus of the parabolic or parabolic screen; and an imaging device for emitting light from the illuminator and then reflecting off the projection or projecting to the parabola The light on the shaped screen is, for example, a planar image, wherein the illuminating system to be measured is placed on the sample platform, and wherein the illuminant is emitted from the illuminant and reflected from the parabolic mirror or projected onto the parabola The light on the shaped screen is imaged by the imaging device according to planar imaging data, and wherein when the stereoscopic distribution of the light generated by the illuminant is obtained from the obtained imaging material, the formula is used to calculate the emission from the illuminant. The solid angle θ of the light at a distance r from the central axis of the parabola, and using the area dS of a bright spot on the planar imaging material, etc. The relationship between the area ds projected onto the hypothetical spherical surface imagined at a reflective position and at the central axis of a curve from the surface containing the hypothetical spherical surface The stereoscopic distribution of the light is measured over a range of more than pi/2 intensity and less than 3 pi/4 intensity. 2. A device for measuring the properties of a scatterer, which measures the properties of the scatterer from the scatterer distribution of the scatterer 43 201237396, which has an electromagnetic wave of a certain wavelength distribution, wherein The method comprises: a parabolic mirror or a parabolic screen; a sample platform for placing the scatterer on a focus of the parabolic or parabolic screen; a generator for generating The electromagnetic wave; and the imaging device' is used to image the scattered wave as a planar image, the scattered wave being scattered by the scatterer when (4) the electromagnetic wave from the generator, and then the electromagnetic wave is reflected from the a parabolic mirror or projection on the parabolic screen, wherein the scattering system to be measured is placed on the sample platform, and wherein the electromagnetic wave is at least any from a hypothetical spherical surface having the aforementioned focus as its center In one or more directions, 'is a 5 ge more continuous direction, illuminating the scatterer; where the scatterer scatters and reflects off A parabolic mirror or a scattered wave projected onto the parabolic screen is imaged by the imaging device as imaged by a planar image, and wherein the stereoscopic mirror distribution of the scattered wave generated by the scatterer is obtained from the obtained imaging material. When measuring the properties of the scatterer from the distribution result, the stereo angle θ of the scattered ray emitted from the scatterer at a distance r from the central axis of the parabola is calculated by using a formula, and one of the bright spots on the plane is used to image the data. The area ds* is equal to the relationship of the area ds projected onto the hypothetical spherical surface envisioned at a reflection position, and 201237396 and the central axis of the curve from the section containing the central axis of the hypothetical spherical surface The line measures the stereoscopic distribution of the scattered light from a range of 〇 intensity to a range of pi/2 measured and less than 3 ρ/4 intensity. 3_-a color measuring device for scattering light of a gemstone, which uses a device for measuring the properties of a scatterer as described in claim 2, for measuring the color of scattered light of a gemstone, wherein white Parallel light rays are irradiated from a generator to a gemstone; wherein scattered waves scattered by the scatterer and reflected from the parabolic mirror or projected onto the parabolic screen are imaged by the imaging device as planar imaging data And the obtained imaging data, color scattering or wavelength distribution in which the scattered light of the gemstone can be measured quantitatively. A device for measuring the brightness of a gemstone, which utilizes a device for measuring the properties of a scatterer as described in the scope of claim 2, for measuring the brilliance of a gemstone when receiving natural light. a mirror distribution comprising: a light source instead of a generator for generating parallel rays, wherein the gemstone to be measured is placed on the sample platform and/or by winding the central axis at least Rotating at least the parallel rays and the gemstones 90 degrees relative to each other to direct parallel rays from the source between at least a direction of a central axis of the parabolic mirror or parabola (4) and a direction normal to the central axis Illuminate the gemstone in the direction, and from it. The light generated by the jewel is reflected from the parabolic mirror or 45 201237396 onto the parabolic screen, and is imaged by the imaging device as planar imaging data, and wherein the planar imaging data obtained therefrom is calculated The three-dimensional distribution of light produced by the gemstone, including the size and number of light. , schema. (such as the next page) 46