.201141574 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明大體上與滅火有關，更具體言之，其係關於 一種可應用在封閉空間中的滅火氣膠。 【先前技術】 滅火氣膠通常是經特定配製之物質燃燒後的副產 物’該些物質内含硝酸鉀及/或高氣酸鹽來做為其主要滅 火劑之氧化劑及供應劑。當使用塑化及非塑化聚合物做 為鍵合燃料(binding fuel)時，其能夠在熱及/或力學本質 的影響下轉變成黏性或彈性狀態。在目前熟知及廣泛使 用的鍵合燃料中，紛甲酸·(phenol-formaldehyde)及環氧樹 脂、聚乙稀醇縮丁醒·(polyvinyl butyral)、纖維素醚、橡 膠等是其中特別值得注意者。 滅火氣膠的主要成分是一種顆粒超細（〇·5〜5μιη)的 鉀化合物，其係由氧化劑與燃料的化學反應形成，並以 氣態反應的產物形式散佈。 這種氣膠的滅火效果取決於該鉀化合物顆粒的量 與個體尺寸’其本身進一步與溫度與該氧化劑與燃料之 間化學反應的完成度有關。再者，上述組成物的^燒溫 度會直接與其鍵合燃料燃燒的溫度有關。D ^ Mendeleev訂出了下列固體與液體燃料預估的燃燒熱計 算式： Q = 81C + 300H - 26(0 - S) - 6(9H + W) 其中，C、H、〇、S與W為燃料的工作質量，其分 201141574 別以質量百分比來表示碳、氫、氧、硫與水分等成分， 而熱能則以kcal/kg來表示。 各種種類的燃料與鍵合燃料的燃燒熱計算結果如 第一圖所示。 鍵合燃料的燃燒熱決定了其所生成氣膠之溫度。實 務上，該數值不能超過判定環境中滅火器安全性的某些 臨界點。 為了降低該滅火氣膠的溫度，現有的作法為加入滅 火冷卻成分’像是ditsiandiamid、melema、三聚氰孰 (melamine)及其他物質（patent ru 2095104, Cl， 10.11.97)，及/或（在製造滅火氣膠產生器時）使用顆粒 狀、管狀、單塊或其他成分形式的特別冷卻元素（見專利 RU 2064305，C1，27.07.96)。相較於未經冷卻處理的氣 膠，上述所提到的兩種方法都會減低氣膠一半的滅火效 果，並同時因為產生一氧化碳的原因增加了所產生氣膠 中無法在空氣中被氧化的有毒物質含量。 滅火用氣膠生成式化合物是一項重要的突破（見專 利 RU 2160619, class A62D 1/06, from 20.12.2000)，其内 含65-75%的硝酸鉀、〇_5%的鍵合燃料、10—20%的 ditsiandiamid以及構成剩餘比例的其他額外燃料，其能 夠與硝酸鉀一起燃燒。簡單來說，其係利用另一種預設 來對抗超熱粒子的燃料(如澱粉、對苯二酚、酚酞、水楊 酸醯胺或類似物）來取代傳統的鍵合燃料（如酚甲醛樹脂 或艾杜糖醇）。然而對此方法而言，除了會產生高溫氣膠 之外，其在使用上也受到了限制。 而在另一種已知的組成物與其製造方法中，其氧化 201141574 劑需接受危險與勞力密集性的禱碎處理，其中鍵合燃料 會被溶解在有毒的二氣甲烷溶液中以確保組成成分在 混合物中能均勻分散（見專利RU 2185865, class A62D 1/00, 27.07.2002) 〇 而另一種相當有關的製造方法則涉及到了在 30-3 5 %的聚乙烯水相散佈物中混入組成成分(patem ru 2005517, class A62D 1/00, 15.01.94)，但在此例子中，其 氧化劑無法被充分粉碎並保持懸浮於水中。 因此’現今業界需要一種解決前文所述限制的解 答。 【實施方式】 本發明揭露了一種組成物及其製造方法，其具有安 全且無需密集勞力的特性，並同時可讓其成分被完全的 混合。 本文中提出了一種物質，其中的鍵合燃料(binding fuel)表現出低燃燒熱及相對高的含氧濃度（高度的α氧 平衡)之特性’將其赚過_化成—種無焰模式，同時 保有所欲的滅火性質及可接受的一氧化碳水平。此外， 由於使用纖維素紙材的關係，文中所揭露方法的另一技 術成果係為增加了氣膠生成物質之材料處理 樣性，具體來說，這些方法可包含如_ 擠麗成形等技術。 卞极鄕次 題的解答及達成本發明所需技術結果的方 提供具低溫無焰性質的氣膠生成式滅火 組成物及其製造方法而達成。 201141574 本發明揭露了一種具低溫無焰性質的氣膠生成式 ^組成物’其成分中内含俩鉀與鍵合燃料，特徵為 ^有纖維素纖維質材，其質量百分比為：3G_7()%的硝酸 鉀，而纖維素纖維質材構成了剩餘部分。 維素組成物最好内含紙料或棉料來做為其纖 酸鐵(tif明之組成物最好含有水純的硝義及/或硝 本發明所揭露具低溫無焰性質之㈣生成式滅火 =物的製造方法包含了將纖維素纖維質材浸泡在确 的熱飽和水溶液中’接著再將其脫水至4〇_6〇%的含 1篁，之後再以熱空氣進一步將其乾燥至的含水 1 〇 在較佳的情況下，上述得到的材料之後最好再進一 步成型為吾人所需的尺寸與形狀。 在較佳的情況下，本發明最好透過將上述已受到強 制熱空氣乾燥至1-2%含水量的質材捲繞成具有所需尺 寸之捲材的方式來形成本發明產物。 在較佳的情況下，本發明最好透過在受熱至攝戶 90-95 C的基質上施加3〇·15〇 Mpa壓力的水壓成形戈 式，之後再將產物乾燥至1胃2%含水量的方式來形成 明產物。 在較佳的情況下，本發明產物可透過下列方法形 成j使用加熱至攝氏8〇_1〇(rc、具有平滑面或肋紋面^ 捲涛來收集以該質材形成的“襪狀物”，該些襪狀物係 定時地從工具上切下並捲成吾人所需之直徑。 201141574 本，月所揭洛之方法包含添加硝酸銅及/或石肖酸鐵 (Ζϋΐΐ催㈣1，並同時將纖維素_龍浸泡於 放;揭露之方法更包含進—步的厭水處理，其 = = j50_80微米的漆膜覆蓋在已乾燥及，或已成 型為所#尺寸與形狀、具有含水量的產品上。 私一情況下，本發明最好使用硝化纖維(通常用 Ϊ以 環氧類亮漆做為厭水劑來對產物進行 本發明所提出之組成物在燃燒 消耗相當大的熱能’但因為其燃燒熱相對 較小故本發明所提出之組成物在燃燒時不备 焰’且燃燒後的產物不會特別熱。此現13 ;====生器的構造’因為我“ 本發明組成物中的纖維素分子結構 :佔其質量的5〇%，其可明顯將該組成物的以= 尚至0.7-0.9。此特性可將燃燒產物中有毒的—山BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to fire suppression, and more particularly to a fire extinguishing gas adhesive that can be applied in an enclosed space. [Prior Art] Fire extinguishing gas is usually a by-product of combustion of a specially formulated substance. The substances contain potassium nitrate and/or high gas acid as an oxidant and a supply agent for the main fire extinguishing agent. When plasticized and unplasticized polymers are used as binding fuels, they can be transformed into a viscous or elastic state under the influence of thermal and/or mechanical properties. Among the currently known and widely used bonded fuels, phenol-formaldehyde and epoxy resins, polyvinyl butyral, cellulose ether, rubber, etc. are particularly noteworthy among them. . The main component of the fire-extinguishing gel is a superfine (〇5~5μηη) potassium compound formed by the chemical reaction of an oxidant with a fuel and dispersed as a gaseous reaction product. The extinguishing effect of this gas gel depends on the amount of the potassium compound particles and the individual size' itself being further related to the degree of completion of the chemical reaction between the temperature and the oxidant and the fuel. Further, the temperature of the above composition is directly related to the temperature at which the bonded fuel is burned. D ^ Mendeleev has calculated the following calculation formula for the combustion heat of solid and liquid fuels: Q = 81C + 300H - 26(0 - S) - 6(9H + W) where C, H, 〇, S and W are The quality of work of fuel, which is divided into 201141574, is expressed by mass percentage of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur and moisture, while heat energy is expressed by kcal/kg. The calculation results of the combustion heat of various types of fuels and bonded fuels are shown in the first figure. The heat of combustion of the bonded fuel determines the temperature of the gas gel it produces. In practice, this value cannot exceed certain critical points in determining the safety of the fire extinguisher in the environment. In order to reduce the temperature of the fire-extinguishing glue, it is currently practiced to add fire-extinguishing cooling components such as ditsiandiamid, melema, melamine and other substances (patent ru 2095104, Cl, 10.11.97), and/or ( In the manufacture of fire extinguishing glue generators, special cooling elements in the form of granules, tubes, monoliths or other constituents are used (see patent RU 2064305, C1, 27.07.96). Compared with the uncooled gas glue, the above two methods will reduce the fire extinguishing effect of half of the gas gel, and at the same time increase the toxicity of the produced gas gel which cannot be oxidized in the air due to the generation of carbon monoxide. Material content. The gas-forming compound for fire fighting is an important breakthrough (see patent RU 2160619, class A62D 1/06, from 20.12.2000), which contains 65-75% potassium nitrate, 〇 5% of bonded fuel 10-20% of the ditsiandiamid and other additional fuels that make up the remaining proportions, which can be burned with potassium nitrate. Simply put, it uses another preset to counteract super-hot particle fuels (such as starch, hydroquinone, phenolphthalein, decyl salicylamine or the like) to replace traditional bonded fuels (such as phenol formaldehyde resins). Or iditol). However, in addition to the high temperature gas gel, this method is also limited in its use. In another known composition and method of manufacture, the oxidized 201141574 agent is subjected to a dangerous and labor-intensive prayer process in which the bonded fuel is dissolved in a toxic di-methane solution to ensure that the constituents are The mixture can be uniformly dispersed (see patent RU 2185865, class A62D 1/00, 27.07.2002) and another relatively relevant manufacturing method involves mixing the constituents in 30-35% of the polyethylene aqueous dispersion. (patem ru 2005517, class A62D 1/00, 15.01.94), but in this case, its oxidant cannot be sufficiently comminuted and kept suspended in water. Therefore, the industry today needs a solution to the limitations described above. [Embodiment] The present invention discloses a composition and a method for producing the same, which have the characteristics of being safe and requiring no intensive labor, and at the same time allowing the components to be completely mixed. In this paper, a substance is proposed in which a binding fuel exhibits a low combustion heat and a relatively high oxygen concentration (a high degree of alpha oxygen balance), which is earned into a flameless mode. At the same time, the fire-extinguishing properties and acceptable carbon monoxide levels are preserved. In addition, due to the use of cellulose paper, another technical result of the disclosed method is to increase the material handling properties of the aerosol-generating material. Specifically, these methods may include techniques such as squeezing. The solution to the problem of the second step and the achievement of the technical results required by the present invention are achieved by providing a gas-forming fire-extinguishing composition having a low-temperature flameless property and a method for producing the same. 201141574 The present invention discloses a gas-gel-forming composition having a low-temperature flameless property, the composition of which contains two potassium and a bonded fuel, characterized by having a cellulose fiber material, and the mass percentage thereof is: 3G_7() % potassium nitrate, while the cellulose fiber material constitutes the remainder. Preferably, the vitamin composition contains paper or cotton material as its ferric acid iron (the composition of tif preferably contains water-purified nitrate and/or nitrate. The low temperature flameless property disclosed in the invention is formed. The fire extinguishing method comprises the steps of: immersing the cellulosic fiber material in a positive hot saturated aqueous solution, and then dehydrating it to 4 〇 6 〇 % of the 含, and then further drying it with hot air to Aqueous 1 〇 In the preferred case, the material obtained above is preferably further shaped into the size and shape desired by us. Preferably, the present invention is preferably subjected to forced hot air drying as described above. The material of the invention is formed by winding a material having a moisture content of 1-2% into a web having a desired size. In the preferred case, the present invention preferably passes through a heat-to-container 90-95 C. A water-forming forming method of applying a pressure of 3 〇·15 〇Mpa to the substrate is carried out, and then the product is dried to a moisture content of 1% of the stomach to form a clear product. In a preferred case, the product of the present invention can be passed through the following methods. Form j using heating to 8 〇 〇 〇 (rc, with Slip surface or rib surface ^ The coils are used to collect "socks" formed from the material, which are regularly cut from the tool and rolled into the diameters required by us. 201141574 Ben, Month The method of uncovering includes adding copper nitrate and/or iron tartaric acid (Ζϋΐΐ ( (4) 1 and simultaneously immersing the cellulose _ dragon in the immersion; the method of exposing further comprises the stepping of the anaerobic treatment, which == j50_80 micron The paint film is covered on a product that has been dried and or has been formed into a size and shape with a water content. In the case of private use, it is preferred to use nitrocellulose (usually used as an enamel with epoxy lacquer). The liquid agent is used to carry out the product of the present invention. The composition of the present invention consumes a considerable amount of heat energy in the combustion 'but because the heat of combustion is relatively small, the composition proposed by the present invention does not prepare flame during combustion' and the product after combustion is not It will be particularly hot. This is now 13;====The structure of the bio-'because I am the "molecular structure of cellulose in the composition of the invention: 5% of its mass, which can obviously be the composition of To 0.7-0.9. This property can poison the combustion products - mountain
St理的程度。組成物中亦可使用燃燒催化劑(像i水 =确酸缺柄鐵）來進_步促進此—氣化碳降低的 度提=^5中％❹條料肢成物概的線性速 本發明所揭露組成物之滅火性質測試θ ^ 且完全密封的9公升容器中進行。 疋—乾淨 201141574 容器中會點燃一充滿汽油的酒精燈，接著 於密封扭曲織物形式的定量物質。上述酒精燈 不雙干擾的自由燃燒時間約略超過3分 ^祕里^物質被點燃後能在4g_6g秒之⑽滅，則其 •Γ盏I、+»θ被涊為是有利的。在本發明中，滅火濃度係 =”’、片塊或織物的起始重量除以該容器體積之結 果0 4樣本的表面溫度係利用熱電偶來測量。本發明 所提出^組成物的性質估計結果則表列於第二圖中。 如則方所提到的’氣膠的滅火效果與溫度及其燃燒 ”學反應的完成度有關。該化學反應的完成度亦決 定了氣，的污染程度，如其中熱媒粒及一氧化碳的濃 度。固態物質混合物中的化學反應完成度係與其顆粒的 接觸面有關，換言之，在其他的變數維持固定下，愈小 的反應顆粒以及該組成物混合的愈均勻，所能得到的化 學反應完成度就愈高。對於製作本發明氣膠生成式組成 物而言這是非常重要的技術點。 在本發明所揭露的製造方法中，纖維素纖維質材係 利用將該材料浸泡於硝酸鉀之熱飽和溶液中的方式來 與硝酸鉀結合，其透過纖維素從該溶液中吸收硝酸鉀的 方式使該成分均勻分佈，藉以提供本發明組成物的安全 製造方法。 上述纖維素纖維質材於硝酸鉀熱飽和溶液中的溶 脹處理為時7-10分鐘，並最後會再進行初步的脫水處理 至40-60%的含水量。 上述纖維素纖維質材接著會進一步脫水至^—2%的 .201141574 it 例如以加熱至攝氏95_iG5度的敎空氣吹拂，並 將其纏繞成具有吾人所需尺寸之捲狀物‘。拂並 本發明所揭露方法的1 =料來r，成式另質-材項處技理==用; 方式^成其刀取夠使用她、平板輥軋或擠壓成形等 之所以能使用上述方法是因為製作紙張 H維磨碎成較短薄的纖維，但其相較起始的纖維而二 二有較向度的不對稱性（長度與截面之間的關係）。除 使、，維分裂外，亦會同時發生原始結構的破壞與非晶化 現象。這種組合給予表面層較高的可塑度。要從潮濕且 彈性的紙漿中製造出強韌的紙幅，其處理重點在於使其 分子間的關係改變，其可藉由當水分從質材上移除以纖 維素鏈之間的分子間吸引力取代毛細管力（表面張力）來 達成。在纖維素於水中進行二次溶脹期間，纖維素鏈的 分子間連結會弱化，使其玻璃轉化溫度降低並獲得可塑 性，意即施以較小的力即能流動的能力（Pank〇v S.pThe degree of St. The composition may also use a combustion catalyst (such as i water = acid stalk iron) to promote this - the reduction of gasification carbon = ^ 5% of the ❹ 料 肢 肢 肢 线性 线性 线性The exposed fire extinguishing properties of the composition were tested in a θ ^ and fully sealed 9 liter container.疋—Clean 201141574 A gasoline-filled alcohol lamp is ignited in the container, followed by a sealed substance in the form of a twisted fabric. The free burning time of the above alcohol lamp without double interference is about 3 minutes. ^The secret material can be extinguished in 4g_6g seconds (10) after it is ignited, then it is advantageous to be Γ盏I, +»θ. In the present invention, the extinguishing concentration = "', the starting weight of the tablet or fabric divided by the volume of the container. The surface temperature of the sample is measured by a thermocouple. The properties of the composition proposed by the present invention are estimated. The results are listed in the second figure. As mentioned by the party, the fire-extinguishing effect of the gas gel is related to the completion of the temperature and its combustion. The degree of completion of the chemical reaction also determines the degree of contamination of the gas, such as the concentration of the heat medium particles and carbon monoxide. The degree of completion of the chemical reaction in the mixture of solid materials is related to the contact surface of the particles. In other words, the smaller the smaller the reaction particles and the more uniform the composition, the more complete the chemical reaction is achieved while the other variables remain fixed. The higher the height. This is a very important technical point for making the gas-forming composition of the present invention. In the manufacturing method disclosed in the present invention, the cellulose fiber material is combined with potassium nitrate by immersing the material in a hot saturated solution of potassium nitrate, and the method of absorbing potassium nitrate from the solution through the cellulose. The ingredients are evenly distributed to provide a safe manufacturing process for the compositions of the present invention. The swelling treatment of the above cellulose fiber material in a hot saturated solution of potassium nitrate is carried out for 7-10 minutes, and finally a preliminary dehydration treatment is carried out to a water content of 40-60%. The above cellulose fiber material is then further dehydrated to 2 - 2%. 201141574 it is, for example, blown with a helium air heated to a temperature of 5 degrees Celsius and entangled into a roll having the desired size of ours. 1 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本The above method is because the H-dimensional grinding of the paper is made into a relatively thin fiber, but it has a relatively asymmetry (length-to-section relationship) compared to the starting fiber. In addition to the division and dimensional division, the destruction and amorphization of the original structure will occur at the same time. This combination gives the surface layer a higher degree of plasticity. To create a tough paper web from moist and elastic pulp, the focus of its treatment is to change the relationship between its molecules, which can be achieved by removing moisture from the material to the intermolecular attraction between the cellulose chains. It is achieved by replacing the capillary force (surface tension). During the secondary swelling of cellulose in water, the intermolecular linkage of the cellulose chain is weakened, which lowers the glass transition temperature and obtains plasticity, meaning that it can flow with less force (Pank〇v S.p)
Fiberous polymer materials. M: Himiya，1986.)。 吸收硝酸卸後的濕熱纖維素紙質會使用受熱後的 基質施加30至150MPa的水壓。受壓後片塊的直徑及含 水量分別為10-35mm及其質量的8-10%。該片塊會進一 步以熱空氣乾燥至1-2%的含水量。 帶有硝酸鉀的濕熱纖維素紙質會在加熱至攝氏 80-100°C的平滑(縱向）肋紋捲筒上進行平板輥軋。從輔 助捲筒收集“襪狀物”並將其水分降至1-2%後，上述捲 筒便會停止旋轉，而該襪狀物會從該捲筒上切下並纏繞 201141574 成所需直經。 ^後我們可以利用特定的亮漆來為本發明組成物 ίο-ΐοΐκ最後的厭水表面層纽’其乾燥膜厚度為 發明已於文中經由範例與較佳實施例的形 式興硯點來進行描述，但須瞭解本發明並不侷限於此。 相反的，其意欲涵蓋對本發明的多種修正與類似配斜 本領域熟習技藝人士而言明顯可知的）。因此，所 j 申請專利範圍之㈣應該被料最廣《的轉 = 所有這類修正與類似的配置。 ’函氲 【圖式簡單說明】 藉由參考隨附圖式來研讀後續詳細的 例，閱者將可更完整地瞭解本發明，其中：忒月與乾 第一圖中列出了多種已知燃料的嫩 Μ 果，其中包含鍵合燃料。 、乂…、计鼻結 第二圖中列出了文中所揭露組成物之特徵。 【主要元件符號說明】 血Fiberous polymer materials. M: Himiya, 1986.). The moist heat cellulose paper which has been subjected to the removal of the nitric acid is subjected to a water pressure of 30 to 150 MPa using the heated substrate. The diameter and water content of the compressed piece are 10-35 mm and 8-10% of the mass, respectively. The piece is further dried with hot air to a moisture content of 1-2%. The moist heat cellulose paper with potassium nitrate is flat rolled on a smooth (longitudinal) rib roll heated to 80-100 °C. After collecting the "socks" from the auxiliary reel and reducing its moisture to 1-2%, the reel will stop rotating, and the sock will cut from the reel and wrap around 201141574 to the required straight through. After that, we can use a specific lacquer to describe the final anaerobic surface layer of the composition of the invention ίο-ΐοΐκ's dry film thickness, which has been described in the text by way of example and preferred embodiment. However, it should be understood that the invention is not limited thereto. On the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and equivalents of the present invention as apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the scope of the patent application (4) should be the most widely used. All of these corrections and similar configurations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will be more completely understood by reference to the following detailed examples, in which: The tenderness of the fuel, which contains the bonded fuel.乂, 计 结 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二[Main component symbol description] Blood