TW201133108A - Thermochromatic device and thermochromatic display apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a thermochromatic device. The thermochromatic device includes an insulative substrate having a surface, a base color layer, a color element and a heating element. The base color layer is located on the surface of the insulative substrate. The color element is located on the surface of the base color layer. The heating element includes a carbon nanotube structure and is configured to heat the color element. A thermochromatic display using the thermochromatic device is also provided.

Description

201133108 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] [The present invention] relates to a thermochromic element and a thermochromic display device. [Prior Art] [0002] Since thermochromic materials can display different colors at different temperatures, they can be applied to thermochromic display devices as thermochromic elements having display functions. The thermochromic element in the prior thermochromic display device includes at least a color developing layer and a heating layer, and the color developing layer is disposed or spaced apart from the heating layer. Wherein, the heating layer is mainly composed of a metal plate. However, the heat capacity and thickness of the metal plate are large. When it is used as a heating layer, the temperature changes slowly and the electrothermal conversion efficiency is low, so that the color-developing element has a slow color response and a large energy consumption during operation. The flexibility is limited. It is difficult to use as a heating layer in a flexible thermochromic display. [〇〇〇3] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the metal plate as a heating layer of the thermochromic element,

• No Moonlight J technology provides a thermochromic display device that displays the heating layer of the thermochromic element in the Q-position Q with a carbon ink and a polymer. The carbon ink is printed on the polymer. The material of the polymer is a dielectric film or a polyester film. Although the thermochromic element can be applied to a flexible thermochromic display device, but because the carbon ink is printed on the polymer, the heat capacity of the polymer is large, so that the heat capacity of the heating layer is large, and the working time is 'The temperature changes slowly, and the electrothermal conversion efficiency is low, so that the color-chromic element has a slower color response when operating, and the energy consumption is also large. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0004] In view of this, a thermochromic element with a fast color response speed is provided. 099107700 Form No. 1010101 3rd Buy/Total 50 Page 0992013854-0 201133108 and thermochromic application of the thermochromic element A display device is really necessary. [0005] A thermochromic element comprising an insulating substrate, the insulating substrate having a surface; a bottom layer disposed on a surface of the insulating substrate; a color developing element, the color developing An element is disposed on a surface of the underlying layer; and at least one heating element for heating the color developing element, the at least one heating element comprising at least one carbon nanotube structure. [0006] A thermochromic display device comprising: an insulating substrate having a surface; a plurality of row electrode leads and a plurality of column electrode leads disposed on a surface of the insulating substrate, the plurality of row electrode leads and the plurality of column electrode leads Interdigitated, each two adjacent row electrode leads form a grid with each two adjacent column electrode leads, and the row electrode leads are electrically insulated from the column electrode leads; and a plurality of thermochromic elements, each The thermochromic element corresponds to a grid arrangement; wherein the thermochromic element comprises a ground color layer, the bottom color layer is disposed on a surface of the insulating substrate; a color developing element, the color developing element is disposed at the bottom a color layer surface; and at least one heating element for heating the color developing element, the at least one heating element comprising at least one carbon nanotube structure. [0007] A thermochromic display device comprising: an insulating substrate having a surface; and a plurality of thermochromic elements arranged in a matrix to form a matrix of pixels; and a driving a circuit and a plurality of electrode leads, the driving circuit independently controlling the heating elements of each of the thermochromic elements by the plurality of electrode leads; wherein the thermochromic element comprises a ground layer, the underlayer Provided on a surface of the insulating substrate; a color developing element disposed on the surface of the underlying layer; and at least one heating element for heating the color developing element, the at least 099107700 Form No. A0101, page 4 / A total of 50 pages 0992013854-0 201133108 [0008] A heating element comprises at least one carbon nanotube structure. Compared with the prior art, the thermochromic element of the thermochromic display device adopts a carbon nanotube structure as a heating element, because the heat capacity per unit area of the carbon nanotube structure is greater than that of a metal plate or a dielectric film or a polyester film. The heat capacity per unit area is small, so the heating element composed of the carbon nanotube structure has a relatively fast thermal response speed, and can be used for rapid heating of the color developing element, so that the thermochromic display device of the present invention is painted. The prime unit has a faster response speed. [0010] [0011] [0011] 实施 099107700 [Embodiment] Hereinafter, a thermochromic element of the present invention and a thermochromic display device using the thermochromic element will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring to FIG. 1 , a first embodiment of the present invention provides a thermochromic element 220 including an insulating substrate 202 , a ground layer 226 , a color developing element 218 , at least one heating element 208 , and a first electrode 210 . A second electrode 212. The insulating substrate 202 has a surface 2020. The under color layer 226 is disposed on the surface 2020 of the insulating substrate 202. The color developing element 218 is disposed on the surface of the underlying layer 226. The under color layer 226 is disposed between the color developing element 218 and the insulating substrate 202. The heating element 208 is adjacent to and corresponding to the color developing element 218. The so-called corresponding arrangement means that the heating element 208 is disposed around the color developing element 218, such as above, below or around. It will be understood that the specific arrangement position of the heating element 208 is not limited as long as the heating element 208 can be heated to the heating element 218. Preferably, the color developing element 218 and the heating element 208 are both in a layered structure, and the heating element 208 and the color developing element 218 are disposed in a stacked contact or stacked interval. Form No. A0101 Page 5 / Total 50 Pages 0992013854-0 201133108 The laminated contact arrangement means that the color developing element 218 is in contact with the surface of the heating element 208. For example, the color developing element 218 is disposed on the surface of the ground color layer 226, and the heating element 208 are disposed on the surface of the color developing element 218 and are in contact with each other. The stacking interval arrangement means that the color developing element 218 is parallel to the heating element 208 and is spaced apart. For example, the color developing element 218 is disposed between the heating element 208 and the ground color layer 226 and the heating element 2〇8 passes through the support body. The display is spaced apart from the color developing elements 21 8 . The first electrode 21 〇 is spaced apart from the second electrode 212. The first electrode 21A and the second electrode 212 are electrically coupled to the heating element 208, respectively, for supplying a voltage or current to the heating element 208, and heating the heating element 206 to the color developing element 218. [0012] In this embodiment, the number of the heating elements 208 is one. Both the color developing element 218 and the heating element 208 have a layered structure. The underlayer 226 is disposed on the surface 2020 of the insulating substrate 202. The heating element 208 is disposed on the surface of the underlying layer 226 to cover the underlying layer 226. The color developing element 218 is disposed on the surface of the heating element 208. The first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212 are spaced apart from each other on the surface of the heating element 208 and on both sides of the color developing element 218. [0013] The insulating substrate 202 may be a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate. The rigid substrate may be one or a plurality of ceramic substrates, glass substrates, quartz substrates, tantalum substrates, tantalum oxide substrates, diamond substrates, alumina substrates, and rigid polymer substrates. The flexible substrate may be one or a plurality of synthetic paper, fiber cloth, and flexible polymer substrate. The material of the flexible polymer substrate may be polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC) or polyimine (PI). It can be understood that the material of the insulating substrate 202 is not limited to the above materials 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 6 / Total 50 Pages 0992013854-0 201133108 [0014] Ο [0016] Material, as long as it can withstand temperatures above 200 ° C The insulating material can achieve the object of the present invention. The size, shape and thickness of the insulating substrate 202 are not limited, and those skilled in the art can set the size of the insulating substrate 202 according to actual needs, such as according to the predetermined size of the thermochromic display device 20. In this embodiment, the insulating substrate 202 is preferably a PET substrate having a thickness of about 1 mm. The undertone layer 226 is a black-and-white or colored material layer, and the color of the underlying layer 226 does not change with temperature as below 200 °C. The underlayer 226 may have a thickness of from 1 micron to 100 microns. The underlayer 226 may be formed on the surface of the insulating substrate 202 by printing, spraying, laser printing, or thermal sublimation. It will be appreciated that the undertone layer 226 may also be disposed on the surface of the heating element 208 and the color developing element 218 disposed on the surface of the underlying layer 226. The color developing element 218 is made of a color changing material that undergoes a transition between a transparent and an opaque state at a specific temperature. The specific temperature refers to the phase transition temperature at which the color changing material undergoes a transition between a transparent and an opaque state. When the color changing material is heated to the specific temperature, the color changing material undergoes conversion between transparency and opacity. When the color changing material is in a transparent state, the thermochromic element 220 may display the color of the ground color layer 226; when the color changing material layer is in an opaque state, the thermochromic element 220 does not display a color. The phase transition temperature at which the color developing element 218 undergoes a transparent and opaque state transition is less than 200 ° C. Preferably, the phase change temperature at which the color changing material undergoes a transparent and opaque state transition is greater than 40 ° C and less than 100 ° C. It can be understood that the color change material having a phase transition temperature of more than 40 ° C and less than 100 ° C is selected to prepare color development 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 7 / Total 50 Page 0992013854-0 201133108 Element 2 1 8 - Aspect can ensure the heat The color changing element 220 operates at room temperature, and on the other hand, the operating voltage of the thermochromic element 220 can be lowered, thereby reducing energy consumption. Specifically, the material of the color developing element 218 may be a polymer-fatty acid mixed color-changing material or a polymer-compatible phase-separating color-changing material or a polymer crystalline or amorphous color-changing material. [0017] The working principle of the polymer and fatty acid mixed type color changing material is as follows: In a certain temperature range, the microparticle crystals inside the material are in a dispersed state. When the temperature changes, the size of the crystal can reversibly change. The light transmittance of the material before and after the change of the crystal is different, thereby achieving a transition between the transparent and the opaque state. The polymer and fatty acid mixed type color changing material may be a mixture of a copolymer of a partial ethylene propylene eye and an eicosanoic acid, a mixture of a copolymer of styrene and butadiene and a mixture of stearic acid or vinyl chloride. a copolymer of vinyl acetate. The preparation method of using the mixture of a copolymer of a partial gas ethylene propylene eye and an eicosanoic acid as the color developing element 218 may include the following steps: First, a copolymer of a partial gas ethylene acrylonitrile and an eicosane The acid is simultaneously dissolved in tetrahydrofuran and thoroughly mixed to form a mixed solution; secondly, the mixed solution is applied by a coating method and dried to form a color developing member 218. The color developing element 218 of a mixture of a copolymer of a partial ethylene propylene eye and an eicosanoic acid is in a white opaque state. When the color developing element 218 was heated to 74 ° C by a heating pulse, it became a transparent colorless state. At this time, the thermochromic element 220 displays a color, and signal writing is realized. When the mixture of the counter-ethylene propylene eye copolymer and the eicosanoic acid-developing color element 218 is heated to 63 ° C by heating pulse, the color-developing element 218 is changed from transparent colorless to a white opaque state. . At this time, the thermochromic element 220 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 8 of 50 0992013854-0 201133108 〇 [0018] No color is displayed, and signal erasure is realized. Since the color developing element 218 is rapidly cooled by heating with a heating pulse, the transparent colorless state and the white opaque state can be stably present at room temperature, thereby realizing a bistable display. The mixture of the copolymer of styrene and butadiene and stearic acid can be formed by dissolving the polymer and stearic acid in a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran and toluene. The temperature of the color developing element 218 using a mixture of a copolymer of styrene and butadiene and stearic acid is changed from a transparent state to an opaque state by more than 70 ° C, and a temperature from an opaque state to a transparent state is 57. °C. The working principle of the compatible phase separation type color changing material between the polymer materials is as follows: a mixture of two or more polymer materials has a critical co-solvation temperature higher than the room temperature. When the temperature is lower than the critical co-solvation temperature, the color-changing material becomes a colorless transparent body because of compatibility between the polymer components. When the temperature is higher than the critical co-solvation temperature, the color-changing material becomes an opaque body due to phase separation between the components. When the color changing material is rapidly cooled from an opaque state above a critical co-solvation temperature, the color-changing material can remain opaque and stable at room temperature. When the opaque state of the color changing material is heated below the critical eutectic temperature, the color changing material changes to a transparent state. Since the color-changing material can remain in a transparent state or an opaque state for a long period of time at room temperature, a bistable display is realized. The phase-separable color-changing material between the polymer materials may be a mixture of 1 part of a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride hexafluoroacetone and 3 parts of a low molecular weight polymethyl methacrylate (degree of polymerization 60). [0019] The working principle of the polymer crystalline state and the amorphous color changing material is as follows: When the polymer material is heated from a crystalline state to an amorphous state, or by amorphous 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 9 / A total of 50 pages 0992013854-0 201133108 When the state changes reversibly to the crystalline state, it will cause changes in optical properties such as refractive index and transmittance, thereby achieving a transition between transparent and opaque states. The polymer crystalline state and the amorphous color changing material may be 1. 4-thiophenol-p-1.4-divinylbenzene polymer, such as: poly(1.4-thiophenol-pair 1.4-two Vinylbenzene) is a transparent body in an amorphous state, has a light transmittance of 91%, is opaque in a crystalline state, and has a light transmittance of less than 1%. The poly(1.4-thiophenol-p-1.4-divinyl stupid) color-developing element 218 having a thickness of 0.1 μm to 0.5 μm can be changed at 170 ° C in only 1 second to 2 seconds. Transparent body. The color developing element 218 is returned to the opaque state by heating at a temperature of 70 ° C to 80 ° C for 20 minutes to 30 minutes. For such a crystalline and amorphous color developing element 218, the color developing element 218 is instantaneously heated to a liquid state when a short, strong heat pulse is applied. Since the heating time is short, the temperature is quickly lowered to a low temperature, so that the color developing element 218 is quenched from the liquid state to the solid state, and a transparent amorphous color developing element 218 is formed, thereby realizing display. The color developing element 218 maintains its transparent amorphous state without any energy at room temperature. When it is desired to erase this display state, the color developing element 218 can be heated for a longer period of time at a low temperature, such as by using a slightly weak but long time such as heat pulse heating. This process is equivalent to annealing. After annealing, the color developing element 218 returns to the original opaque crystalline state, achieving erasing. The color developing element 218 maintains its opaque crystalline state without any energy at room temperature. Since the color developing element 218 can remain from a crystalline or amorphous state at room temperature for a long period of time, this display state can be maintained, thereby realizing a bistable display. [0020] In this embodiment, the color developing element 218 is a layer of poly(1.4-thiophenol-p-1.4-divinylbenzene) having a thickness of 10 micrometers to 400 micrometers. Preferably, 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 10 of 50 0992013854-0 201133108 The color developing element 218 has a thickness of 50 μm to 100 μm. The color developing element 218 may be deposited on the surface of the heating element 208 by spraying, printing, thermal deposition or sputtering and positioned between the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212. The color developing element 218 may be spaced apart from the first electrode 210 or the second electrode 212, or may be disposed in contact with the first electrode 210 or the second electrode 212. [0021] The heating element 208 comprises a carbon nanotube structure. The carbon nanotube structure is a self-supporting structure. The so-called "self-supporting structure" means that the carbon nanotube structure can maintain its own specific shape without being supported by a support. The self-supporting structure of the carbon nanotube structure comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes, and the plurality of carbon nanotubes are attracted to each other by the van der Waals force, so that the carbon nanotube structure has a specific shape. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure include one or a plurality of single-walled carbon nanotubes, double-walled carbon nanotubes, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The diameter of the single-walled carbon nanotube is 0.5 nm to 50 nm, and the diameter of the double-walled carbon nanotube is 1.0 nm to 50 nm, and the diameter of the multi-walled carbon nanotube For 1.5 nm ~ 50 nm. The carbon nanotube structure is a layered or linear structure. Since the carbon nanotube structure is self-supporting, it can maintain a layered or linear structure without being supported by the support. The carbon nanotube structure has a large amount of gaps between the carbon nanotubes, so that the carbon nanotube structure has a large number of micropores. The carbon nanotube structure has a heat capacity per unit area of less than 2x1 (Γ4 joules per square centimeter Kelvin. Preferably, the heat capacity per unit area of the carbon nanotube structure may be less than or equal to 1.7x1 0_6 joules per square centimeter Kelvin. The carbon nanotube structure comprises at least one carbon nanotube film, at least one nano carbon line structure or a combination thereof. The carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of 099107700 Form No. Α0101 Page 11 / Total 50 Page 0992013854 -0 [0022] 201133108 A well-distributed carbon nanotube. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube membrane are ordered or disorderly arranged. When the carbon nanotube membrane comprises a disordered arrangement of carbon nanotubes The carbon nanotubes are intertwined; when the carbon nanotube membrane comprises an ordered arrangement of carbon nanotubes, the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation in one direction or in a plurality of directions. The so-called preferred orientation refers to the carbon nanotube membrane. Most of the carbon nanotubes have a large orientation probability in a certain direction, that is, the axial direction of most of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film extends substantially in the same direction. When the carbon nanotube structure includes a plurality of nanometers Carbon tubes are basically the same When aligned, the plurality of carbon nanotubes extend from the first electrode to the second electrode. Specifically, the carbon nanotube film may include a carbon nanotube film, a carbon nanotube film or a carbon nanotube-like membrane comprising at least one non-twisted nanocarbon line, at least one twisted nanocarbon line, or a combination thereof. When the nanocarbon line structure comprises a plurality of non- When the twisted nano carbon line or the twisted nano carbon line is used, the non-twisted nano carbon line or the twisted nano carbon line may be arranged in parallel with each other in a bundle structure, or twisted to each other to form a stranded structure. [0023] The carbon nanotube membrane is a self-supporting structure composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes. The plurality of carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation along the same direction. The preferred orientation refers to most nanometers in the carbon nanotube membrane. The overall extension direction of the carbon tubes is substantially in the same direction. Moreover, the overall extension direction of the majority of the carbon nanotubes is substantially parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube film. Further, most of the nanoparticles in the carbon nanotube film Carbon tube through Van der Valli Specifically, each of the carbon nanotubes in the majority of the carbon nanotube membranes extending in the same direction and the carbon nanotubes adjacent in the extending direction pass through the van der Waals force. First and last. Of course, the carbon nanotube film 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 12 / Total 50 Page 0992013854-0 201133108 There are a few randomly arranged carbon nanotubes, these carbon nanotubes will not be on the carbon nanotubes The overall orientation of most of the carbon nanotubes in the membrane constitutes a significant influence. The self-supporting carbon nanotube membrane does not require a large area of support, but as long as the support is provided on both sides, it can be suspended as a whole to maintain its own membrane. In a state in which the carbon nanotube film is placed (or fixed) on two supports disposed at a predetermined distance, the carbon nanotube film located between the two supports can be suspended to maintain its own film state. The self-supporting is mainly achieved by the presence of continuous carbon nanotubes extending through the end of the van der Waals force in the carbon nanotube film. [0024] Specifically, most of the carbon nanotube membranes extending substantially in the same direction in the same manner are not absolutely linear, and may be appropriately bent; or may not be arranged completely in the extending direction, and may be appropriately Deviate from the direction of extension. Therefore, it is impossible to exclude that there may be partial contact between the carbon nanotubes juxtaposed in the majority of the carbon nanotubes extending in the same direction. [0025] Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, specifically, The carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of consecutive and aligned carbon nanotube segments 143. The plurality of carbon nanotube segments 143 are connected end to end by Van der Waals force. Each of the carbon nanotube segments 143 includes a plurality of mutually parallel carbon nanotubes 145 which are tightly coupled by van der Waals forces. The carbon nanotube segment 143 has any length, thickness, uniformity, and shape. The thickness of the carbon nanotube film is 0.5 nm to 100 μm, and the width is related to the size of the carbon nanotube array for pulling the carbon nanotube film, and the length is not limited. The carbon nanotubes 145 in the carbon nanotube film are arranged in a preferred orientation in the same direction. The carbon nanotube film has high light transmittance. Single-layer nanocarbon 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 13 of 50 0992013854-0 201133108 The transmittance of the tube is over 90%. The carbon nanotube film and the preparation method thereof are described in detail in the Taiwan Patent Application No. TW200833862, filed on Feb. 12, 2008, which is hereby incorporated by reference. And its preparation method". In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the disclosure of the present application. [0026] When the carbon nanotube structure comprises a stacked multi-layered carbon nanotube film, a preferred angle between the aligned carbon nanotubes in the adjacent two layers of carbon nanotube film forms an intersection angle α, and α is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees (0°$α$90°). a gap is formed between the plurality of carbon nanotube films or between adjacent carbon nanotubes in a carbon nanotube film, thereby forming a plurality of micropores in the carbon nanotube structure 2022, The pore size of the micropores is less than about 10 microns. In this embodiment, the carbon nanotube structure 2022 is a single-layer carbon nanotube film. [0027] The carbon nanotube rolled film includes a uniformly distributed carbon nanotube. The carbon nanotubes are arranged in the same direction, and the carbon nanotubes can also be arranged in different directions. Preferably, the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film are parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube film. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film overlap each other and are attracted to each other by the van der Waals force, so that the carbon nanotube film is very flexible and can be bent and folded. In any shape without breaking. Moreover, since the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film are attracted to each other by the van der Waals force, the carbon nanotube film is a self-supporting structure, and the substrate support is not required. The carbon nanotube rolled film can be obtained by rolling an array of carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film and the formation of Nai 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 14 / Total 50 Pages 0992013854-0 201133108 Ο [0028] 〇099107700 The surface of the base of the MSI anti-I array forms one The angle is called, wherein yj is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 15 degrees (0$calling $15.), the angle 0 is related to the pressure applied to the carbon nanotube array, and the larger the pressure, the smaller the angle. The length and width of the carbon nanotube rolled film are not limited. The laminated film comprises a plurality of microporous structures uniformly and regularly distributed in a carbon nanotube rolled film, wherein the micropores have a diameter of from 0.5 nm to 0.5 μm. The carbon nanotube film and the preparation method thereof are described in detail in the Taiwan Patent Application No. TW200900348, filed on Jan. 29, 2009, filed on Jan. 29, 2009. Preparation method. In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the disclosure of the technical application of the present invention. The length, width and thickness of the carbon nanotube mash are not limited, and may be The nano carbon tube flocculation film provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a length of 1 to 10 cm, a width of 1 〇 cm, and a thickness of 2 μm to 2 mm. The carbon nanotube flocculation film includes Intertwined carbon nanotubes, the length of the carbon nanotubes is greater than 1 〇 micrometers. The carbon nanotubes are attracted and entangled by van der Waals forces to form a network structure. The carbon nanotubes are flocculated. The carbon nanotubes in the membrane are uniformly distributed and arranged irregularly, so that the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane is isotropic, and a large number of micropores are formed between the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane. The micropore diameter is 1 nm to 〇. 5 μm. The carbon nanotube film and the preparation method thereof are described in the "Taiwan Patent Application No. TW200844041 published on November 16, 2007 by the applicant." Preparation. In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the technical disclosure of the present application. Form No. A0101 Page 15 of 50 0992013854-0 201133108 [0030] [0030]

Referring to Figure 4, the non-twisted nanocarbon line includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged along the length of the non-twisted nanocarbon line. Specifically, the non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotube segments, and the plurality of carbon nanotube segments are connected end to end by Van der Waals force, and each of the carbon nanotube segments includes a plurality of parallel and pass through each other Deval's tightly integrated carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube segments have any length, thickness, uniformity, and shape. The length of the non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline is not limited, and the diameter is 〇·5 nm to 1 〇〇 micrometer. The non-twisted nano carbon line is obtained by treating the carbon nanotube film with an organic solvent. Specifically, the organic solvent is used to impregnate the entire surface of the carbon nanotube film, and under the action of the surface tension generated by the volatilization of the volatile organic solvent, a plurality of nano carbons parallel to each other in the carbon nanotube film are drawn. The tube is tightly coupled by van der Waals force, thereby shrinking the carbon nanotube film into a non-twisted NEA carbon line. The organic solvent is a volatile organic solvent such as ethyl yeast, decyl alcohol, acetone, di-ethane or gas, and ethanol is used in this embodiment. The non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline treated by the organic solvent has a smaller specific surface area than the carbon nanotube membrane which is not interesting to the organic solvent, and the viscosity is lowered. The twisted nanocarbon pipeline adopts a force. Torsing the ends of the carbon nanotube film in opposite directions to obtain 1 see FIG. 5, the twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes in the axial spiral row of the twisted nanocarbon pipeline . Specifically, the twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotube segments. The plurality of carbon nanotube segments are connected end to end by van der Waals force, and each of the carbon nanotube segments includes a plurality of parallel and pass through each other. Deval's tightly integrated carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube segments have any length, thickness, uniformity and shape. The twisted Nailai 099107700 Form No. A0101 IS 1 / Total 50 pages 0992013854-0 201133108 [0031] Ο [0032] ❹ [0033] 099107700 Stone anti & line length is not limited, straight light is 〇. 5 nm〗 〇〇 microns. Further, the twisted nanocarbon line may be treated with a # organic solvent. In the preparation of the surface tension generated when the volatile organic solvent is volatilized, the adjacent carbon nanotubes in the treated twisted nanocarbon pipeline are tightly bonded by van der Waals force, so that the specific surface area of the twisted nanocarbon pipeline Decrease, increase in density and strength. The nano carbon official line and the preparation method thereof are specifically referred to the applicant's application on November 5, 2002, and the Taiwan Patent Publication No. 1303239 announced on November 21, 2008. Carbon tube rope and its manufacturing method, and Taiwan Patent Application No. TW200724486 published on December 1, 2005, published on July 1, 2005, 'Nei carbon tube wire and its production In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the disclosure of the technology of the present application. Since the carbon nanotube structure has a large specific surface area, it has its own flaws. Good adhesion, so the heating element 208 composed of the carbon nanotube structure can be directly disposed on the surface of the insulating substrate 202. Alternatively, the heating element 208 can also be fixed to the surface by a bonding agent (not shown). The surface of the insulating substrate 202. The heating element may be directly fixed to the surface of the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 212, or may be fixed to the first electrode and the second electrode 212 by a conductive adhesive (not shown). Surface. In this embodiment, excellent The conductive adhesive is a silver paste. Since the heating element 208 is directly disposed on the surface of the insulating substrate 202, the heating element 2〇8 may also be a carbon nanotube layer formed by a screen printing method or the like, the nano carbon The tube layer includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes disorderly distributed. Form No. A_i 17th 50 1 0992013854-0 201133108 [0036] [0036] The heating element 208 may further include a carbon nanotube composite structure. The carbon nanotube composite structure comprises a carbon nanotube structure and a filler material dispersed in the carbon nanotube structure. The filler material is filled in micropores in the carbon nanotube structure or combined with nano carbon. a surface of the tube structure. The filling material comprises one or more of a metal, a resin, a ceramic, a glass, and a fiber. Alternatively, the carbon nanotube composite structure may include a matrix and a carbon nanotube structure composite In the matrix, the material of the substrate comprises one or more of a metal, a resin, a ceramic, a glass, and a fiber. The substrate completely encapsulates the nanotube structure, and the matrix material can be at least partially Infiltrated into the carbon nanotube structure. When a carbon nanotube film is used as the heating element 208, the carbon nanotubes can be directly laid on the surface of the insulating substrate 202 or the surface of the layered color developing element 218. When the carbon carbon line-like structure is used as the heating element 2 0 8 , the single nano carbon line structure may be folded or wound into a layer structure and then laid on the surface of the insulating substrate 202 or the surface of the layer color developing element 218, or The single carbon carbon line is kneaded; the f冓 coil is disposed around the one-piece color developing element 218; when a plurality of nano carbon line-like structures are used as the heating element 208, the plurality of nano carbon line structures can be After being arranged in parallel, cross-arranged or woven into a layered structure, it is laid on the surface of the insulating substrate 2〇2 or the surface of the layer-like color developing element 218. Since the heating element 208 of the present embodiment is mainly composed of a carbon nanotube, the carbon nanotube has a high electrothermal conversion efficiency and a relatively high heat radiation efficiency, so that the heating element 208 has high electrothermal conversion efficiency and heat radiation efficiency. Since the heat capacity of the carbon nanotube structure is small, the heating element 208 composed of the carbon nanotube structure has a relatively fast thermal response speed and can be used for the display of the number 099107700. Form No. A0101 Page 18 of 50 Page 0992013854 -0 201133108 ° Twilight element 21 8 performs rapid heating. For example, a single layer of carbon nanotube film can be heated to about 2000K in '1 milliseconds. This property allows the thermochromic element 220 produced in the embodiment of the present invention to have a faster response speed. Since the carbon nanotube has a strong chemical stability, the electric resistance of the heating element 208 using the carbon nanotube structure is stabilized, thereby improving the stability of the thermochromic element 220. In addition, since the carbon nanotube has a small size, the use of the carbon nanotube structure as the heating element 208 can reduce the size of the thermochromic element 220, thereby improving the display device using the thermochromic element 220. Resolution. The first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212 are not limited in position, and may be disposed directly on the surface of the insulating substrate 202, or disposed on the surface of the heating element 208, or disposed on the surface of the color developing element 218, or disposed on a support body ( The figure is not shown). The first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212 are made of a conductive material, and the shapes of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212 are not limited, and may be a conductive film, a metal piece or a metal lead. Preferably, the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212 are each a conductive film. The thickness of the conductive film is 〇0.5 nm to 500 μm. The material of the electroconductive thin film may be metal, alloy, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony tin oxide (cerium), conductive paste or conductive polymer. The metal or alloy material may be aluminum, copper, tungsten, an alloy of any combination of metals, gold, titanium, silver, ruthenium, rhodium, iridium or the above metals. In this embodiment, the material of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212 is a conductive paste, which is printed on the insulating substrate 202 by screen printing. The composition of the conductive paste includes metal powder, low-melting glass frit, and a binder. Among them, the metal powder is preferably silver powder, and the binder is preferably terpineol or ethyl cellulose. In the conductive paste, the weight ratio of the metal powder is 099107700 Form No. Α0101 Page 19/Total 50 Page 0992013854-0 201133108 is 50%~90%, the weight ratio of the low-melting glass powder is 2%~10%, the binder The weight ratio is 8% to 40%. [0038] When the thermochromic element 220 is in use, when a voltage is applied between the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212, the heating element 208 starts to generate heat and heat the color developing element 218. A color developing element 218 prepared by using a polymer crystalline state and an amorphous color changing material is taken as an example. When a short and strong heat pulse is applied to the color developing element 218, such as a temperature of 170 ° C and a period of 1 second to 2 seconds, the color developing element 218 is instantaneously heated to a liquid state. Since the heating time is short, the temperature is quickly lowered to room temperature, so that the color developing element 218 is quenched from the liquid state to the solid state to form a transparent amorphous color changing material layer, thereby realizing the display. Moreover, at this time, the color developing element 218 can maintain its transparent amorphous state without any energy at room temperature. When it is necessary to erase the display state, the color developing element 218 can be heated for a long time at a low temperature, such as a temperature of 70 ° C to 80 ° C and a heating time of 20 minutes to 30 minutes. This process is equivalent to annealing. After annealing, the color developing element 218 returns to the original opaque crystalline state, achieving erasing. At this time, the color developing element 218 can maintain its opaque crystal state without any energy at room temperature. Since the color developing element 218 can remain crystalline or amorphous for a long period of time at room temperature, this display state can be maintained, thereby achieving bistable display. The so-called bistable display means that the thermochromic element 220 consumes energy only during writing and erasing, and maintains a steady state display without any energy after writing and erasing. The bistable display can save energy consumption of the thermochromic element 220. The method for preparing the thermochromic element 220 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is as follows: first, a ground color layer 226 is printed on the surface of the insulating substrate 202; secondly, 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 20 / Total 50 Page 0992013854 -0 201133108 a single layer of carbon nanotube film is laid on the surface of the ground layer 226; then, the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212 are formed on the surface of the carbon nanotube film by screen printing; Finally, a layer of poly(丨·4-thiophenol-p-1,4-tetravinyl) is deposited as a color developing element 218 between the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212. [0040] Referring to FIG. 6, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a thermochromic element 320 including an insulating substrate 302, a ground color layer 326, a color developing element 318, a heating element 308, and a first The electrode 310 and a second electrode 312. The thermochromic element 32 is substantially identical to the thermochromic element 2 0 0 provided by the first embodiment of the present invention. The difference is that the color element 318 is disposed between the ground layer 326 and the heating element 308. Specifically, the under color layer 326 is disposed on the surface of the insulating substrate 30_2. The color developing element 318 is disposed on the surface of the underlying layer 326. The first electrode 31 〇 and a second electrode 312 are respectively disposed on the surface of the underlying layer 326 on both sides of the color developing element 318. The heating element 308 is disposed on the surface of the color developing element 318 to be adhered to the color developing element 318 and covers the first electrode 310 and the second electrode 31 2 . In this embodiment, since the heating element 308 covers the color developing element 318 and the ground layer 326', the heating element 308 should have a good transparency, and may be selected as a transparent carbon nanotube structure. Preferably, the heating element 308 is a single layer of carbon nanotube film. The method for manufacturing the thermochromic element 320 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is: first, the first electrode 310 and the second electrode 3丨2 are formed at intervals on the surface of the insulating substrate 3〇2 by screen printing; Next, a bottom layer 326 is printed between the first electrode 310 and the second electrode 312, and then a layer of poly(1.4-thiophenol-p-lv4_divinylbenzene) is deposited on the underlayer 326. Color developing element 318, and color developing element 318 and bottom 099107700 Form number ΑΟίοι Page 21 / Total 50 page 0992013854-0 201133108 The thickness of the color layer 326 is equal to the thickness of the first electrode 31G and the second electrode 3i2; A single-layered carbon nanotube film is laid on the first electrode 310 and the second electrode 31 2 and covers the color developing element 31 8 . [0041] Please refer to FIG. 7. A third embodiment of the present invention provides a thermochromic element 420 including an insulating substrate 402', a color layer 426, a color developing element 418, a heating element 408, and a first electrode. 41〇 and a second electrode 41 2 . The thermochromic element 420 is substantially identical in construction to the thermochromic element 320 provided by the second embodiment of the present invention, with the difference that the heating element 408 is spaced from the color developing element 418. Specifically, the under color layer 426 is disposed on the surface of the insulating substrate 420. The color element 41 8 is disposed on the surface of the ground layer 426. The first electrode 410 and the second electrode 41 2 are respectively disposed on the two sides of the color developing element 418, and the height of the first electrode 410 and the second electrode 412 is higher than that of the color developing element 418. thickness. The two ends of the heating element 408 are respectively disposed on the first electrode 410 and the second electrode 412, so that the heating element 408 is spaced apart from the color developing element by the first electrode 410 and a second electrode 412. Settings. It can be understood that the heating element 408 can be spaced apart from the color developing element 418 by two supports (not shown). Preferably, said heating element 408 should have a smaller heat capacity per unit area. Preferably, the heat capacity per unit area is less than 2 x 10 - 4 joules per square metre Kelvin. In the present embodiment, the heating element 408 is a single-layered carbon nanotube film, and its hot spot is less than or equal to 1. 7χ1〇 — δ joule per square centimeter Kelvin. Since the heating element 408 is spaced apart from the color developing element 418, heat exchange between the heating element 4〇8 and the color developing element 418 is mainly performed by means of heat radiation. Moreover, since the heating element Mg has a small heat capacity per unit area, heating 099107700 Form No. Α0101 Page 22 of 50 0992013854-0 201133108 The element 408 can reach the temperature in a shorter time. The heating element of the field can provide a short and strong; pulse ′ for the chromophoric state 18 to increase the response speed of the thermochromic element 42 。. The method for preparing the thermochromic element 420 provided by the third embodiment of the present invention is basically the same as the method for preparing the thermochromic element 320 provided by the second embodiment of the invention, and the difference is the thickness of the color developing element 418 and the ground color layer 426. And less than the thickness of the first electrode 410 and the second electrode 412. Since the single-layer carbon nanotube film has self-supporting impurities, the single-layer carbon nanotube film can be disposed through the crucible [0042] Ο 099107700, the first electrode 410 and the second electrode 412 are suspended and spaced apart from the color developing element (10). SETUP Referring to FIG. 8, a fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a thermochromic element 520' including an insulating substrate 5〇2, a ground layer 526, a color developing element 518, a heating element 508, and a first An electrode 51A and a second electrode 512. The thermochromic element 52 is substantially identical in structure to the thermochromic element 220 provided by the first embodiment of the present invention, except that the heating element 508 is disposed not only between the color developing element 518 and the ground layer 526 but also further. To the side of the color developing element 518. Specifically, the under color layer 526 is disposed on the surface of the insulating substrate 502. The heating element 5〇8 is disposed on the surface of the ground layer 526. The color developing element 518 is disposed on the surface of the heating element 508. The first electrode 510 and the second electrode 512 are respectively disposed on the surface of the ground layer 526 and on both sides of the color developing element 518. The heating element 508 further extends from the side of the color developing element 518 opposite the first electrode 51 or the second electrode 51 2 to the surface of the first electrode 510 and the second electrode 512, thereby partially covering the color developing element 518. It can be understood that the heating element 508 can also be disposed on the upper surface of the color developing element 518 and further extended to the color developing element form number Α0101, page 23 / total 50 pages 0992013854-0 201133108 518 and the first electrode 510 or the second - The opposite side of the electrode 51 2 is used to coat the color developing member 518. Preferably, in the present embodiment, the heating element 508 is a single layer of nano-stone anaesthesia film. Since the heating element 5?8 has a larger contact area with the color developing element 518, the heating efficiency of the heating element to the color developing element 518 can be improved, thereby increasing the sensitivity of the thermochromic element 520. The method for preparing the thermochromic element 520 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is as follows: first, a first electrode 51 〇 and a second electrode 512 are formed on the surface of the insulating substrate 5〇2 by screen printing; secondly, A bottom color layer 526 is printed between the first electrode 510 and the second electrode 512; then, a single layer of carbon nanotube film is laid on the first electrode 510 and the second electrode 512, and The carbon nanotube gland exerts a pressure to be adsorbed on the opposite sidewalls of the first electrode 510 and the second electrode 512 and on the underlying layer 526; finally, a layer of poly is deposited between the first electrode 510 and the second electrode 512. (1.4-stupophilic age-p-alkenylbenzene) is a color developing element 518. [0043] Referring to FIG. 9, a fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a thermochromic element 620 comprising an insulating substrate 602, a ground color layer 626, a color developing element 618, and a first heating element 608. The second force 17 is a thermal element 6〇9 and a first electrode 610 and a second electrode gig. The thermochromic element is substantially identical in structure to the thermochromic element 220 provided by the first embodiment of the present invention, except that the thermochromic element 62 further includes a second heating element 609 disposed on the surface of the color developing element 618. Specifically, the ground layer 626 is disposed on the surface of the insulating substrate 602. The first heating element 608 is disposed on a surface of the ground layer 626. The color developing element 618 is disposed on a surface of the first heating element 608. The first electrode 6 丨〇 and the first electrode 099107700 Form No. Α 0101 Page 24 / Total 50 pages 0992013854-0 201133108 612 are respectively disposed on the surface of the first heating element 608 and on both sides of the color developing element 618. The second heating element 609 is disposed on the surface of the color developing element 618 and covers the first electrode 610 and the second electrode 612. In the present embodiment, the first heating element 608 and the second heating element 609 are both single-layer carbon nanotube film. The sensitivity of the thermochromic element 620 can be further improved by simultaneously heating the color developing element 618 by the first heating element 608 and the second heating element 609. The method for manufacturing the thermochromic element 620 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is as follows: first, a bottom color layer 626 is printed on the surface of the insulating substrate 602; secondly, a single layer of nano carbon is laid on the ground color layer 626. a mask of the official makeup film; again, the screen is printed on the surface of the carbon nanotube film to form a spaced-apart electrode 61〇 and the second electrode 612; then, between the first electrode 610 and the second electrode 612 Depositing a layer of poly (1.4 _ sulphur-p-1.4-divinyl benzene) as the color developing element 618, and the color developing element 618 is the same thickness as the first electrode 61 〇 and the second electrode 612; finally, another single A layer of carbon nanotube film is laid on the first electrode 61 and the second electrode 612 and covers the color developing element 618. [0044] Referring to FIG. 1A, a sixth embodiment of the present invention provides a thermochromic element 720 including an insulating substrate 702, a ground color layer 726, a color developing element 718, two heating elements 708, and a first An electrode 71 〇 and a second electrode 712. The thermochromic element 720 is substantially identical in structure to the thermochromic element 220 provided by the first embodiment of the present invention, except that the surface of the insulating substrate 702 has a recess 722 'the bottom layer 726 and the color developing element. 718 is disposed in the recess 722. Specifically, the under color layer 726 is disposed in the recess 722. The color developing element 718 is disposed on the underlying layer 726. The heating element 708 is disposed on the surface of the color developing element 718 to cover and extend the recess 722 to the insulating substrate-surface outside the recess 722. The first electrode 71G and the second electrode 712 are disposed on the surface of the heating element 7〇8 on the insulating substrate 702 outside the recess m. The size, depth and shape of the groove 722 are not limited. Preferably, the sum of the thicknesses of the undertone layer 726 and the color developing element 718 is the same as the depth of the recess 722. In this embodiment, the heating element 708 is a single layer carbon nanotube film. Since the color developing element 718 is disposed in the recess 722, the original shape can be maintained while the color developing element 718 is heated. The method for preparing the thermochromic element 720 provided by the sixth embodiment of the present invention is as follows: first, etching the surface of the insulating substrate 7 0 2 into a groove 7 2 2; secondly, printing in the groove 7 2 2 a background layer 726; again, a layer of poly(14_ sulphur-to-1.4-tolyl benzene) is deposited on the background layer 726 as a color developing element us; then, a single layer of carbon nanotube film is drawn Laying on the groove 722 and covering the color developing element 718; finally, forming a first electrode 710 and a second electrode 712 which are spaced apart by the screen printing on the surface of the carbon nanotube film, and the first The electrode 710 and the second electrode 712 are located on the insulating substrate 7 外 2 outside the recess 7 2 2 . [0045] Referring to FIG. 11, a seventh embodiment of the present invention provides a thermochromic element 820' including an insulating substrate 802, a ground color layer 826, a color developing element 818', a heating element 808, and a first electrode. 810 and a second electrode 812. The thermochromic element 820 is substantially identical in construction to the thermochromic element 220 provided by the first embodiment of the present invention. The difference is that the underlying layer 826 is disposed between the color developing element 818 and the heating element 808. Specifically, the heating element 808 is disposed on the surface of the insulating substrate 8〇2. The underlayer 826 is disposed on the surface of the heating element 808. The color developing element 818 is disposed on the surface of the underlying layer 826. The first electrode 810 and the second electrode 812 are divided into 099107700, and the form number A0101 is 26 pages/to 50 pages. 0992013854-0 201133108 is not disposed on the surface of the ground layer 826 on both sides of the color developing element 81 8 . In this embodiment, the heating element 808 is a single layer of carbon nanotube film. The preparation method of the thermochromic element 820 provided by the seventh embodiment of the present invention and the preparation method of the thermochromic element 220 provided by the first embodiment are only in a different order. [0046] The present invention further provides a thermochromic display device to which the thermochromic elements of the first to seventh embodiments described above are applied. The thermochromic display device includes a plurality of thermochromic elements arranged in a matrix to form a pixel array; and a driving circuit and a plurality of electrode leads, the driving circuit respectively controlling each heat through the plurality of electrode leads The heating elements of the color-changing elements operate independently. Specifically, embodiments of the present invention share a plurality of thermally induced discoloring elements with an insulating substrate, and independently control each thermochromic element to operate by an addressing circuit formed by row and column electrodes to achieve a display effect. Hereinafter, the thermochromic display device of the present invention will be further described in detail by taking a thermochromic display device to which the thermochromic element 220 of the first embodiment of the present invention is applied as an example.

G and FIG. Color changing element 220. The plurality of row electrode leads 204 and the plurality of column electrode leads 206 are respectively disposed on the insulating substrate 202 at intervals in parallel, and the row electrode leads 204 and the column electrode leads 206 are arranged to form a network structure. Each two adjacent row electrode leads 206 and two adjacent column electrode leads 206 form a grid 214, and each grid 214 is positioned with one pixel unit, that is, a heat is disposed in each grid 214. Color changing element 220. [0048] The size, shape and thickness of the insulating substrate 202 are not limited, and the art 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 27 / Total 50 pages 0992013854-0 201133108 Personnel can be according to actual needs, such as according to the thermochromic display device 20 The size of the insulating substrate 202 is set to a predetermined size. In this embodiment, the insulating substrate 202 is preferably a PET substrate having a thickness of about 1 mm and a side length of 48 mm. Since the plurality of thermochromic elements 220 in this embodiment share an insulating substrate 202, each of the thermochromic elements 220 does not require a special insulating substrate. [0049] The plurality of row electrode leads 204 and the plurality of column electrode leads 206 are disposed at a intersection with a dielectric insulating layer 216, which ensures electrical insulation between the row electrode leads 204 and the column electrode leads 206. Prevent short circuits. The plurality of row electrode leads 204 or the column electrode leads 206 may be disposed at equal intervals or may be disposed at unequal intervals. Preferably, a plurality of row electrode leads 204 or column electrode leads 206 are equally spaced apart. The row electrode lead 204 and the column electrode lead 206 are an electrically conductive material or an insulating material coated with a layer of a conductive material. The conductive material may be an electrically conductive material, a metal thin film, a nano carbon line, or indium tin oxide (I TO) or the like. In this embodiment, the plurality of row electrode leads 204 and the plurality of column electrode leads 206 are preferably planar conductors printed by using a conductive paste, and the row spacing of the plurality of row electrode leads 204 is 50 micrometers to 5 centimeters. The column spacing of the plurality of column electrode leads 206 is 50 micrometers to 2 centimeters. The row electrode lead 204 and the column electrode lead 206 have a width of 30 μm to 100 μm and a thickness of 10 μm to 50 μm. In this embodiment, the intersection angle of the row electrode lead 204 and the column electrode lead 206 may be 10 degrees to 90 degrees, preferably 90 degrees. In this embodiment, the conductive paste is printed on the insulating substrate 202 by a screen printing method to prepare the row electrode lead 204 and the column electrode lead 206. The components of the conductive polymer include metal powder, low melting glass powder and a binder. Among them, the metal powder 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 28 / Total 50 pages 0992013854-0 201133108 is preferably silver powder, and the binder is preferably terpineol or ethyl cellulose. In the conductive paste, the weight ratio of the metal powder is 50% to 90%, the weight ratio of the low-melting glass powder is 2% to 10%, and the weight ratio of the binder is 8% to 40%. [0050] Ο G [0051] The material of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212 may be the same as or different from the material of the row electrode lead 204 and the column electrode lead 206. The first electrode 210 can be an extension of the row electrode lead 204, and the second electrode 212 can be an extension of the column electrode lead 206. The first electrode 210 and the row electrode lead 204 may be integrally formed, and the second electrode 212 and the column electrode lead 206 may also be integrally formed. In this embodiment, the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212 are both planar conductors, and the size thereof is determined by the size of the grid 214. The first electrode 210 is directly electrically connected to the row electrode lead 204, and the second electrode 212 is directly electrically connected to the column electrode lead 206. The first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212 have a length of 20 micrometers to 1.5 centimeters and a width of 30 micrometers to 1 centimeter. The thickness is 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers. Preferably, the second electrode 212 and the first electrode 210 have a length of 100 micrometers to 700 micrometers, a width of 50 micrometers to 500 micrometers, and a thickness of 20 micrometers to 100 micrometers. In this embodiment, the material of the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212 is a conductive paste, which is printed on the insulating substrate 2〇2 by screen printing. In the present embodiment, 16 x 16 thermochromic elements 22 were prepared on an insulating substrate 202 having a side length of 48 mm. The heating element 208 in each of the thermochromic elements 220 is a carbon nanotube drawn film, and each of the carbon nanotube drawn films has a length of 300 μm and a width of 100 μm. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film are joined end to end and extend from the first electrode 21 to the second electrode 212. The two ends of the carbon nanotube film are respectively disposed between the first electrode 21〇 and the insulating substrate 202 and between the second electrode 212 and the insulating substrate 2〇099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 29 of 50 0992013854-0 201133108. The carbon nanotube film is fixed on the insulating substrate 202 by its own viscosity. [0052] Further, the thermochromic display device 20 may include a heat insulating material 222 disposed around each of the thermochromic elements 220. . Specifically, the heat insulating material 222 may be disposed at all positions between the thermochromic element 220 and the row electrode lead 204 or the column electrode lead 206 in each of the grids 214 such that between adjacent thermochromic elements 220 Thermal isolation is achieved to reduce interference between the thermochromic elements 220. The heat insulating material 222 is aluminum oxide or an organic material. The organic material may be polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polycarbonate or polyimine. In this embodiment, the heat insulating material 222 is preferably polyethylene terephthalate having a thickness equal to the thickness of the row electrode lead 204 and the column electrode lead 206 and the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 212. . The heat insulating material 222 can be produced by a method such as physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition. The physical vapor deposition method includes sputtering or evaporation, and the like. Further, the thermochromic display device 20 may further include a protective layer 224 disposed on the insulating substrate 202 to cover the row electrode leads 204, the column electrode leads 206, and each of the thermochromic elements 220. The protective layer 224 is a transparent and insulating protective layer, and the material thereof may be organic high molecular weight, cerium oxide or aluminum oxide. The organic polymer may be polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polycarbonate or polyimine. The thickness of the protective layer 224 is not limited and can be selected according to actual conditions. 5毫米〜2毫米。 The thickness of the material is 0. 5mm~2 mm. The protective layer can be formed on the insulating substrate 202 by coating or deposition. The protective layer is used to prevent 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 30 / Total 50 Page 0992013854-0 201133108 [0055] [0056] The thermochromic display device 20 is in electrical contact with the outside world during use. At the same time, it is also possible to prevent the carbon nanotube structure in the heating element 208 from adsorbing foreign impurities. It will be understood that the thermochromic display device 20 can achieve color display when three thermochromic elements 22, each having a red, green, and blue primary color background layer 226, comprise a pixel unit. The thermochromic display device 20 further includes a driving circuit (not shown) for selectively applying current to the row electrode lead 204 and the column electrode lead 206 through the driving circuit to make the row electrode When the thermochromic element 220 electrically connected to the lead 204 and the column electrode lead 206 is operated, the display effect of the thermochromic display device 20 can be achieved. The thermochromic element 220 of the thermochromic display device 20 uses a carbon nanotube as the heating element 208. Since the heat capacity of the carbon nanotube structure is small, the heating element 208 composed of the carbon nanotube structure With a faster thermal response speed, it can be used to rapidly heat the color developing element 218, so that the pixel unit of the thermochromic display device 20 of the present invention has a faster response speed. The thermochromic display device 20 controls the operation of each of the thermochromic elements 220 by row electrode leads 204 and column electrode leads 206, respectively, and dynamic display can be achieved. The thermochromic display device 20 can be applied to fields such as billboards, newspapers, books, and the like. In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and the patent application is filed according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art will be able to make equivalent modifications or variations in accordance with the spirit of the present invention. 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 31 of 50 0992013854-0 201133108 All should be covered by the following patents. [0058] [0058] [0060] [0061] [0062] [0064] [0064] [0066] [0067] [0070] [0070] 099107700 FIG. A schematic structural view of a thermochromic element of the first embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of a carbon nanotube film used as a heating element in the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a carbon nanotube segment in the carbon nanotube film of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of a non-twisted nanocarbon line used as a heating element in the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of a twisted carbon nanotube wire as a heating element in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermochromic element according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermochromic element according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermochromic element according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermochromic element according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermochromic element according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermochromic element according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 is a thermochromic embodiment using the first embodiment of the present invention. A top view of the thermochromic display device of the component. Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line ΧΙΠ-ΧΙΙΙ of Figure 12. Form No. A0101 Page 32 of 50 0992013854-0 201133108

[Main component symbol description] [0071] Thermochromic display device: 20 [0072], insulating substrate: 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802 [0073] Surface: [0074] Row electrode?丨 line: 204 [0075] Column electrode?丨 line: 206 [0076] heating element: 208, 308, 408, 508, 708, 808 [0077] first heating element: 608 [0078] second heating element: 609 [0079] first electrode: 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810 [0080] Second electrode: 212, 312, 412, 512, 612, 712, 812 [0081] Grid: 21 4 [0082] Dielectric insulating layer: 216 >. [0083 Color developing elements: 218, 318, 418, 518, 618, 718, 818 [0084] Thermochromic elements: 220, 320, 420, 820 520, 620, 720, [0085] Thermal insulation material: 222 [0086] Protection Layer: 224 [0087] Background layer: 226, 326, 426, 526, 626, 726, 826 [0088] Groove: 722 Form No. A0101 Page 33 / Total 50 Page 099107700 0992013854-0

Claims (1)

201133108 VII. Patent application scope: 1. A thermochromic element, the improvement comprising: an insulating substrate, the insulating substrate having a surface; a bottom color layer, the underlying layer being disposed on a surface of the insulating substrate; a color developing element disposed on a surface of the underlying layer; and at least one heating element for heating the color developing element, the at least one heating element comprising at least one carbon nanotube structure. The thermochromic element according to claim 1, wherein the color developing element and the at least one heating element are each a layered structure, and the at least one heating element is laminated on the color developing element. At least one surface. 3. The thermochromic element according to claim 2, wherein the thermochromic element comprises two heating elements, and the two heating elements are respectively disposed on opposite surfaces of the color developing element. 4. The thermochromic element according to claim 1, wherein the color developing element and the at least one heating element are each a layered structure, and the heating element is laminated on the underlying layer and insulated Between the bases. 5. The thermochromic element according to claim 1, wherein the at least one heating element is spaced apart from the color developing element by a support. The thermochromic element according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the insulating substrate has a groove, and the under color layer and the color developing element are disposed on a surface of the insulating substrate in the groove. The thermochromic element according to claim 1, wherein the thermochromic element further comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are spaced apart from each other The at least one heating element is electrically connected. The thermochromic element of claim 1, wherein the color developing element is transparent and opaque below 200 ° C, in the form of a thermochromic element according to claim 1 of the invention. A layer of color changing material that is transformed. 9. The thermochromic element according to claim 8, wherein the material of the color changing material layer is a polymer and a fatty acid mixed color changing material, and the polymer and fatty acid mixed color changing material is a partial gas ethylene. a mixture of a copolymer of acrylonitrile and an eicosanoic acid, a mixture of a copolymer of styrene and butadiene with a stearic acid or a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate. 10. The thermochromic element according to claim 8, wherein the Ο The material of the color-changing material layer is a compatible phase-separating color-changing material between the polymer materials. The compatible phase-separating color-changing material between the south molecular materials is a copolymer of squirrel ethylene hexafluoroacetone and a low molecular weight polymethacrylic acid. a mixture of oxime esters. The thermochromic element according to claim 8, wherein the material of the color changing material layer is a polymer crystalline and amorphous color changing material, and the polymer crystalline state and the amorphous color changing material. A polymer of 1. 4-thiophenol-p-1,4-divinylbenzene. The thermochromic element according to claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotube structure comprises at least one carbon tube film. The thermochromic element according to claim 12, wherein the carbon nanotube film has a heat capacity per unit area of 2 x 10 0 4 joules per square centimeter Kelvin. The thermochromic element according to claim 12, wherein the carbon nanotube film is a self-supporting structure composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes, and the plurality of carbon nanotubes are along the same Directions are preferred. 15. The thermochromic element according to claim 14, wherein the 0992013854-0 099107700 form number A0101 page 35/to 50 pages 201133108 is not a rice anti-I film in the mid-nano carbon tube is passed Van der Waals forces are connected end to end. The thermochromic element according to claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotube structure comprises at least one nano carbon line, and the nano barrier pipeline comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes along the nai The carbon carbon pipelines are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction or spirally along the length of the nanocarbon pipeline. 17. A thermochromic display device comprising: - an insulating substrate having a surface; a plurality of row electrode leads and a plurality of column electrode leads disposed on a surface of the insulating substrate, the plurality of row electrode leads and the plurality of column electrode leads Interdigitated with each other, each two adjacent row electrode leads form a grid with each of the two positive column electrode leads and electrically insulated between the row electrode leads and the column electrode leads; and a plurality of applications as claimed in the first to The thermochromic element 'mother thermochromic element' according to any one of 16 is corresponding to two grid arrangements. 18. The thermochromic display device of claim 17, wherein the thermochromic display device further comprises a heat insulating material disposed around each of the thermochromic elements. 19. The thermochromic display device according to claim 18, wherein the heat insulating material is aluminum oxide or an organic material. The thermochromic display device of claim 17, wherein the thermochromic display device further comprises a plurality of row electrode leads, a plurality of column electrode leads, and a plurality of thermally induced A transparent protective layer on the surface of the color changing element. And a thermochromic element according to any one of claims 1 to 6 Forming a picture in a determinant 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 36 / Total 5 page 0992013854-0 201133108 A prime array; and a driving circuit and a plurality of electrode leads, each of which is controlled by the plurality of electrode leads The heating elements of the thermochromic elements work independently. Ο 099107700 Form No. A0101 Page 37 of 50 0992013854-0