201113198 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術々員域】 參考相關申請案 本案s青求美國臨時專利申請案第61/272,6〇3號，申請曰 2009年1〇月9日之權益，該案之揭示全文係以引用方式併入 此處。 發明領域 本發明揭示用於密封一互補開口之一種閉合件。一具 體實施例包括-操作件，其具有—操作表面其於插入或移 出期間接觸；-個或多個密封件其可賦予财壓封；及一置 中件，其可於插入期間協助該閉合件的校準。該閉合件可 手動操作或於自動化系、統中操作。於另一面相，本閉合件 說明i合件之操作方法，可騎動方法或自動化方法。 C先前技術3 發明背景201113198 VI. Description of the invention: [Technology employee domain to which the invention belongs] Refer to the relevant application. The case is for the US Provisional Patent Application No. 61/272,6〇3, and the application for the benefit of the 1st, 9th, 2009, The disclosure of this disclosure is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention discloses a closure for sealing a complementary opening. A specific embodiment includes an operating member having an operating surface that contacts during insertion or removal; one or more seals that can impart a financial seal; and a centering member that assists the closure during insertion Calibration of the piece. The closure can be operated manually or in an automated system. On the other side, the closure describes the method of operation of the i-piece, a rideable method or an automated method. C prior art 3 invention background
醫事檢驗於中央所在位置進行的情況日增，該中央所 在位置每日處理數百個或甚至數千個病人樣本。此等醫事 檢驗可手動進行或借助於自動化系統進行。醫事檢驗經常 涉及處理生物樣本來測定病人特徵。生物樣本通常係於流 體或呈流體提供’或產生流體作為試驗巾間產物。結果流 體容器及其閉合件構成多種醫事檢驗的中心部分。 W 多種習知閉合件並未設計供於g產出量使用，於此種 需求環境雜能純。性能S結果導致容納的失敗而損及 檢定分析的可靠度。於高產出量之自動化系統巾，閉合件 3 201113198 問題不僅導致特定樣品的損耗，同時當系統變卡住、受損 或由方、㈣有問題的閉合件而受污染時，可能危害整個樣 品的運轉處理 :〇此’於高產出量自動化系統中，特別需 要高度可靠且可高度對抗例如破裂、卡住或容納失敗等故 障的閉合件。 舉例言之，習知按壓型閉合件過度柔軟而當以足夠力 量爽緊來允許插人時可能扭曲變形，結果導致密封不良， 造成容納失敗。其它閉合件可能充分剛硬而可防止扭曲變 形，但（推疋為求製造方便）係由具有一致厚度產出量的單一 材料裝ie_ ’果’於某些情況下閉合件的插人部分可能過 度剛硬而無法因應校準上的不完美’結果導致閉合件的變 形或破損’可能導致容納失敗。彡㈣知按壓型閉合件也 缺乏取巾結構或校準結構，增純人錯誤的頻率以及容納 失敗的風險。 有鑑於前文說明，技藝界需要有改良之閉合件，其可 快速、有效-致地操作，且有足夠可#度可供用於高產出 量裝置。進一步，雖然後文討論係強調高產出量用於醫療 領域之特殊區域，但須瞭解此處所述發明於某些情況下可 分開使用或共同使用’且可具有超過此處所述或甚至超出 醫療領域之外的醫事及檢驗應用。 t考务明内J 發明概要 本揭示提供可以多種組合集合使用或單獨使用之多項 發明。後述概要提供此等發明之實例，但絕非限制如= 201113198 求專利之發明。 於一個實例面相，本揭示提供一種用於密封一互補開 口之閉合件。該閉合件具有一操作件、一下端件其具有連 結至該操作件之一近端，及順著軸向而與該近端隔開之一 遠端。一個或多個密封件由該下端件延伸出。一第一孔洞 順著軸向延伸貫穿該操作件及進入該下端件。第二孔洞順 著該軸向延伸入該操作件。該第二孔洞之位置係環繞該第 一孔洞而兩相鄰孔洞間具有分隔件。該等分隔件係設置來 增加該操作件之壓縮剛性。 於另一個實例面相，本揭示提供用於架設及移除閉合件 之機器及方法。於又另一面相中，本揭示提供閉合件之若干 其它實施例及於若干實施例中可用於閉合件之結構特徵。 圖式簡單說明 第1A圖為一按壓型閉合件實例之等角視圖，該閉合件 包括一剛性操作件、一置中件、及二密封件。 第1B圖及第1C圖分別顯示安裝於試管内之第1A圖閉 合件之側視圖及切除側視圖。 第2圖及第3圖為類似於第1A圖所示閉合件但分別具有 一個密封件或三個密封件之該按壓型閉合件之切除側視圖。 第4A圖及第4B圖分別為類似於第1圖所示閉合件之按 壓型閉合件實例之等角視圖及側視圖，其中該閉合件包括 孔洞結構。 第5A圖為按壓型閉合件之另一個實例之等角視圖，該 閉合件包括一剛性操作件、一置中件、二密封件、及一校 201113198 準結構。 第5 B圖及第5 C圖分別為顯示安裝於一試管之第$ a圖 之閉合件之側視圖及切除側視圖。 第5D圖為第5A圖之閉合件之切除側視圖，顯示一定位 銷與該校準結構之交互作用。 第6A圖及第6B圖分別為按壓型閉合件之另—個實例 之側視圖及切除側視圖，該閉合件包括一剛性操作件、— 置中件 '二密封件、及一鎖。 第7A圖至第7D圖分別為按壓型閉合件之另一個實例 之側視圖' 切除側視圖、頂視圖及等角視圖，該閉合件包 括一有核心剛性操作件、一置中件、及二密封件。 一 第8圖為適合操作類似第5圖所示閉合件之一閉合件之 一夾具實例之切除側視圖。 C實施方式;J 較佳實施例之詳細說明 下述實施例大致上係有關閉合件，其包括—剛性操作 件、一置中件、一個或多個密封件、及一個或多個校準結 構中之-者或多者。於自動化操作及手動操作中此等閉合 件可獲得優異效能。如前文說明，多種習知閉合件由於剛 f生不足（結果於使用期間導致扭曲變形）、過度剛性(結果導 致無法因應插人期間的未校準）、及其它缺點 而不夠可靠而 無法用於所需環境。為了解決此等問題，本閉合件包括— 剛性操作件其可防止未校準之結構，及/或於插人期間可橋 正校準錯誤之結構(此等結搆之實例容後料）。 " 6 201113198 定義 閉合件之「操作」係指將一閉合件插入一互補開口或 從一互補開口移出一閉合件，以及於將閉合件插入一互補 開口前或自一互補開口移出一閉合件之前或之後固定一閉 合件。 「互補開口」係指一閉合件可插入其中來提供該開口 之部分阻塞或完全阻塞之一開口。此處閉合件包括一個或 多個密封件，於若干實施例中，一互補開口可為包括一個 或多個表面該等表面於密封件插入期間可由密封件接觸之 表面，於若干實施例中可導致耐壓封的形成。 「耐壓封」係指當一閉合件插入一互補開口時可防止 流體（液體或氣體）之通過該開口所形成之一封。於若干實施 例中，耐壓封可進一步參考相對於該封可維持之壓力量規 定，例如15 psi耐壓封係指當流體加壓至15 psi可耐壓之一 封。可參考特定流體規定不同的耐壓數值。於耐壓封之上 下文中，典型指示之壓力為量錶壓力，換言之，相對於周 圍壓力指示之壓力。 「接觸表面」係指於操作期間可與閉合件接觸之表 面。接觸表面之實例包括自動化夾具、手動操作夾具、用 於操作閉合件之其它手動操作工具、或操作員表面（例如人 類或動物操作員之手指、手、關節、拇指、牙齒等）。一個 工具實例包含適合接觸閉合件之底側或外側之一接觸表 面，跨該點可施力來移出閉合件之一支點，以及選擇性地 用於獲得機械優勢之一槓桿，其中於若干實施例中，該槓 201113198 桿包含界定該開口之結構。 當述及-閉合件時須瞭解相對空間術語例如「上、 「中」、「下」等詞係指閉合件之插入係於由閉合」 閉合件下部之方向（例如第犯圖所示方向）進行插」 特定方向觀察閉合件之相對位置，㈣瞭解閉合件並纽 於用於此種方向，反而於操作期間可有任何絕對方向性。 =度」或「高度」等_指順著平行於閉合件插入 向之一條線測得之維度’其中「寬度」-詞係指 項者垂直於閉合件插人開口之方向之—條線測得之維度。 「前」及「後」等詞係指於所示視圖中分別離開紙張：進 入紙張之方向。冠狀、矢狀、及橫向平面錢面同樣也呈 有其相對於本方向性之標準定義。縱向平面錢面於若; 情況下大致上係指垂直於橫向平面之任何平面或截面。閉 合件之「軸」係相對於完全插入—開口之閉合件定義，瓦 係指平行於插入方向且與該開口之平面載面之對稱轴（轉 軸或N倍軸’此處N為大於）之正整數)共線之該條線。若對 稱轴不存在，職線係平行於插入方向且通卿開口之平 面戴面之矩心，此處該開口之平面戴面係垂直於插入方 向’且為與開口壁交叉而形成封閉形狀之最高平面載面。 「近端」及「遠端」分別係指朝向該軸或遠離該軸之方向。 除非另行定義，否則此處使用之全部科技術語具有熟 諳技藝人士一般瞭解之相同定義。於衝突之情況下，以本 。兒明書包括其定義為主。進-步’除非上下文另行要求， 否則單數名詞將包括複數，而複數名詞將包括單數。方法 201113198 及材料實例制如下，但類似於或相當於此處所述之該等 方法及材料也可用於本發明之實務或試驗。 提供下列實例供舉例說明與協助瞭解本發明之面相及 實施例。此等實例絕不可解譯為限制本發明之範圍。 於第一具體實施例中， 1.現在參考第1A圖至第1C圖 提供-閉合件⑽，其於若干實施例中可用來閉合具有一開 口 152之·Ήΐ5〇。該閉合件係以透視圖（第⑽）、插入 開口後之側視圖（第1Β圖）及插入_開口後之切除視圖（第 1C圖）顯示。於若干實施例中，該開口包含—試管之開口， 可具有任-種適當尺寸，例如約12毫綠⑽毫米。閉合 件_之第-實例包括一操作件1〇2、一置中件刚、及由一 下端件112延伸之二密封件m。於若干實施例中該閉合 件刚可由聚乙稀、低密度聚乙稀、高密度聚乙稀、聚丙稀 或其它聚合物製成。於該具體實施例中，操作細具有實 心（非孔/同V。構，其提供足夠剛性，使得其外側壁於若干實 施例中可被抓握及推或挽進或出一開口，而閉合件並無 任何可察覺之扭曲變形，以及操作件1G2與該閉合件其餘部 分間之空間關係也無改變。藉肩部103與開口 152間之接觸 可停止閉合件_之插人容器15G。置中件1G饱括—錐形表 面 戴頭梢^108。若閉合件1〇〇於插入期間未校準， 則錐形表面106或截頭梢端⑽將接觸容器15〇之内側154, 且導引閉合件朝向正確校準，只魏準錯誤程度未過大即 可。置中件104於若干實施例中可界定與垂直夾角小於9〇 度，例如與垂直夾角約45度至約85度之錐形表面。置中件 201113198 略乍但夠見而可將各個密封件HO導引入接觸 汗—、'吉果接觸力傾向於提供校準之進-步改良。 中=封件丨ω可具有任何適當形狀及尺寸。於-個實施例 件丨Π)可由下端件nG呈環狀環形式向外凸起達約 -在封件之實質—致厚度 平均距離可物Μ至化毫+ _。衫種情況下 水至、未。於其它實施例中，密封 ^之厚度可為約G.5毫米至約2.0毫米。好干實施例 ，各個密封件110之厚度可以下式與最小插人力卩相關： F-[E* {(D-d)/D}]*[p.i*£)*T]*fs 其中：E為密封件材料之彈性模數；D為密封件直徑；土為 開口直徑；巧實質上均勻厚度；仙為閉合件與互補開口 内土間之对摩擦係數。於若干實施例中’此等變數數值可 選擇使得力F約為丨〇牛頓(N)。於若干實施例t，插入及移 出閉合件所需之最小力於若干實施例約為2 N至約2〇 N或 約 40 N。 當插入時，兩個密封件丨丨〇提供可含有流體於容器之一 11封各個岔封件丨丨〇將於若干實施例中可個別提供用於 夕項用途之足夠密封，使得二密封件110之壓力提供冗餘， 及確保容納，即使二密封件中之一者受損或有缺陷亦如 此。该二密封件u 〇也經由接觸容器於順著閉合件軸的兩個 所在位置而確保閉合件κ)〇於容器丨5〇之垂直定向。 細作件102具有足夠剛性而可對抗接觸足夠操作力時 的變形及扭曲。舉例言之，閉合件100之操作件及其餘部分 於若干實施例中可被成形及由材料製成，使得當操作件被 201113198 由外側方向壓縮時測量，該操作件具有約(U GPa至約3 〇 =Pa之彈性模數。藉由對抗扭曲變形閉合件提供閉合 刼作件10 2與其餘部分間之一致空間關係，以及於整個 期間對閉合件提供較為一致的形狀。此種剛性減少或完全 ’肖拜可能出現的非期望的表現，否則此等表現於使用期間 可月b出現，包括不當校準、插入力或移出力增高或未能 形成期望的封。 除了前述具體實施例外，本發明也涵蓋具有一操作件 之閉合件之其它實施例及組態。例如，操作件表面於不同 實施例中將為垂直、水平、具有其它方向性，或包含前述 組態或具有多個方向性之表面。例如，於若干實施例中， 閉合件包括一肩部或凹刻，當閉合件完全插入時，該肩部 或凹刻可由下方夾住或接觸俾允許閉合件的移除；具有一 上表面於若干實施例中可於插入期間接觸；具有橫向表面 或夾角表面其於閉合件之插入及移出期間可被夾住；及其 任一種組合。 當一閉合件插入開口時，或於閉合件由開口移出期 間，於若干實施例中，密封件110可壓縮及/或偏轉來形成 干涉配合，於若干情況下，可能導致密封件110之約略截頭 錐形或浪形。於不同實施例中，密封件110之實例可具有推 拔部或牽引角，或可垂直於閉合件軸延伸，如第1C圖所示。 於具體實施例中，閉合件110之長度及厚度經選擇而對密封 件提供足夠可撓性來協助密封件於插入期間的取中。 除了前述具體實施例外，本發明也涵蓋不具有肩部之 201113198 閉合件之其它實施例及组態。例如，替代插入的閉合件藉 肩部與容器間之接觸而停止，閉合件可未包含任何會停止 插入的結構。另外’於若干實施财，閉合件可包括一上 部’該上部順著插入方向變寬，使得插入受干涉及摩擦而 停止。 除了前述具體實施例外，也涵蓋具有置中件1〇4之閉合 件之其它實施例及組態。例如，於若干實施例中置中件 1〇4可包括-或多或少為銳角之推拔部。較為銳利的推拔部 傾向於增高取巾力，可龍更快速插人，但也可能增加置 中件的總長度，造成容器内部的可用面積減少，增加閉合 件接觸所容納的液體之可能性及干擾單手開啟容器。於若 干If况下’置巾件可具有截頭端或非截頭端。當存在有载 頭端時’截頭端可具有任何期望_拔部或形狀，包括圓 化、平坦、凹面、凸面等。截頭端縮小錐形表面寬度，如 此’於若干實施财’可能減少錯純準之料量；但當 戴頭端為凸面或圓化時，於若干實施例中，錯誤匹配容許 度的喪失略為緩和。圓化端或凸面端傾向於允許液體堆積 於梢端，形成夠大的液滴而滴落，於若干實施例中，可允 許於閉合件移除前或移㈣間允許液體_容⑼部而防 止污染；Ϊ旦於其它實施例巾，截頭端可能平坦或凹面，傾 向於防止滴落’於若干實施财，可料致於若干使用情 況下的污染風險減低。 除了前述具體實施例外，也涵蓋具有其它截面形狀之 閉合件。於若干實施例中’部分閉合件可獨立為徑向對稱， 12 201113198 以N倍對稱軸（此處N為大於丨之正整數）為中心呈對稱，或非 對稱。舉例言之，置中件及密封件通常匹配開口形狀，而 操作件無需匹配開口形狀。於若干實施例中，閉合件適合 用於具體任何截面形狀的開口。方便涵蓋多種形狀，其非 限制性實施例包括圓形、卵形、其它圓化形狀、方形、三 角形、矩形、其它規則或不規則多角形（具有選擇性經圓化 角）、或任何其它封閉凸面形或封閉凹面形。 現在參考第2圖，於第二具體實施例中，提供類似第i 閉S件之閉合件200，只包括單一密封件210。The medical examinations are taking place at the central location where hundreds or even thousands of patient samples are processed daily. Such medical tests can be performed manually or by means of an automated system. Medical tests often involve the processing of biological samples to determine patient characteristics. The biological sample is typically supplied to the fluid or provided as a fluid or produces a fluid as a test towel product. As a result, the fluid container and its closure form the central part of a variety of medical tests. W A variety of conventional closures are not designed for use in g production, where the environment is pure. The performance S results in a failure of containment and compromises the reliability of the assay. For high-volume automated system wipes, closures 3 201113198 The problem not only causes loss of a specific sample, but also can jeopardize the entire sample when the system becomes stuck, damaged, or contaminated by a square or (d) problematic closure. Operational processing: In the case of high throughput automation systems, there is a particular need for closures that are highly reliable and highly resistant to failures such as cracking, jamming or containment failure. For example, conventional press-type closures are excessively soft and may be distorted when inserted with sufficient force to allow insertion, resulting in poor sealing and failure of containment. Other closures may be sufficiently rigid to prevent distortion, but (pushing for ease of manufacture) is based on a single material with a consistent thickness yield. In some cases, the insertion part of the closure may Excessive rigidity and inability to respond to imperfections in the calibration result in deformation or breakage of the closure may result in failure of containment.彡 (4) Knowing that the press-type closure also lacks the structure of the towel or the calibration structure, increasing the frequency of error and the risk of failure. In view of the foregoing, there is a need in the art world for improved closures that can be operated quickly and efficiently, with sufficient availability for high throughput devices. Further, although the discussion below emphasizes high throughput for special areas of the medical field, it is to be understood that the invention described herein may be used separately or in combination in some cases' and may have more than described or even Medical and inspection applications beyond the medical field. Summary of the Invention This disclosure provides a number of inventions that can be used in a variety of combinations or individually. The following summary provides examples of such inventions, but is not intended to limit the invention as claimed in the specification of 201113198. In one example aspect, the present disclosure provides a closure for sealing a complementary opening. The closure member has an operating member, the lower end member having a proximal end coupled to the operating member and a distal end spaced from the proximal end along the axial direction. One or more seals extend from the lower end piece. A first hole extends axially through the operating member and into the lower end member. The second hole extends into the operating member along the axial direction. The second hole is located around the first hole and has a partition between two adjacent holes. The spacers are arranged to increase the compression rigidity of the operating member. In another example aspect, the present disclosure provides a machine and method for erecting and removing a closure. In yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides several other embodiments of closures and structural features that can be used in closures in several embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1A is an isometric view of an example of a push-type closure member including a rigid operating member, a centering member, and a second sealing member. Fig. 1B and Fig. 1C show a side view and a cutaway side view, respectively, of the closure member of Fig. 1A attached to the test tube. Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are cutaway side views of the press type closure member similar to the closure member shown in Fig. 1A but having a seal or three seal members, respectively. 4A and 4B are an isometric view and a side view, respectively, of an example of a press-type closure similar to the closure shown in Fig. 1, wherein the closure includes a hole structure. Figure 5A is an isometric view of another example of a push-type closure that includes a rigid operating member, a centering member, a two-piece seal, and a school 201113198 quasi-structure. Figures 5B and 5C are side and cross-sectional side views, respectively, showing the closure of Figure #a attached to a test tube. Figure 5D is a cutaway side view of the closure of Figure 5A showing the interaction of a locating pin with the calibration structure. Fig. 6A and Fig. 6B are respectively a side view and a cutaway side view of another example of a press type closure member, the closure member including a rigid operating member, a centering member 'two seal member, and a lock. 7A to 7D are respectively side views of a further example of a press-type closure, a side view, a top view and an isometric view, the closure comprising a core rigid operating member, a centering member, and two Seals. Figure 8 is a cutaway side view of an example of a clamp suitable for operating a closure similar to one of the closures shown in Figure 5. C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following embodiments relate generally to closures that include a rigid operating member, a centering member, one or more seals, and one or more calibration structures. In the middle - or more. These closures provide excellent performance in both automated and manual operation. As explained above, many conventional closures are not reliable enough to be used because they are insufficiently deficiencies (resulting in distortion during use), excessive rigidity (resulting in uncalibrated during unplugged periods), and other shortcomings. Need environment. To address these issues, the closure includes a rigid operating member that prevents uncalibrated structures and/or bridges the wrong alignment during insertion (examples of such structures). " 6 201113198 Defining "operating" of a closure means inserting a closure into a complementary opening or removing a closure from a complementary opening, and removing a closure from a complementary opening before inserting the closure into a complementary opening Secure a closure before or after. "Complementary opening" means a closure into which a closure member can be inserted to provide partial obstruction or complete obstruction of the opening. The closure member herein includes one or more seals. In some embodiments, a complementary opening can be a surface that includes one or more surfaces that can be contacted by the seal during insertion of the seal, in several embodiments. Lead to the formation of pressure-resistant seals. "Pressure-resistant seal" means a sheet formed by a fluid (liquid or gas) passing through the opening when a closure member is inserted into a complementary opening. In some embodiments, the pressure seal can be further referenced to a pressure level that can be maintained relative to the seal, such as a 15 psi pressure seal that refers to when the fluid is pressurized to a pressure of 15 psi. Different pressure values can be specified with reference to specific fluids. Above the pressure seal, the pressure typically indicated is the gauge pressure, in other words, the pressure indicated relative to the ambient pressure. "Contact surface" means the surface that is in contact with the closure during operation. Examples of contact surfaces include automated clamps, manually operated clamps, other manually operated tools for operating closures, or operator surfaces (e.g., human or animal operator fingers, hands, joints, thumbs, teeth, etc.). An example of a tool includes a contact surface adapted to contact a bottom side or an outer side of the closure, at which point a force can be applied to remove one of the fulcrums of the closure, and one of the levers selectively used to obtain a mechanical advantage, wherein in several embodiments In the middle, the bar 201113198 rod includes a structure defining the opening. When referring to a closure, it is necessary to understand relative spatial terms such as "upper, middle", "lower" and the like to mean that the closure is inserted in the direction of the lower part of the closure (for example, in the direction indicated by the first drawing) Insert the specific position to observe the relative position of the closure, (4) understand the closure and use it for this direction, but have any absolute directionality during operation. = degree" or "height", etc. _ refers to the dimension measured in parallel to the closure inserted into one of the lines 'where the 'width' - the word is the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the closure is inserted - the line test The dimension of getting it. The words "before" and "after" refer to the direction in which the paper is left in the view: entering the paper. Coronal, sagittal, and lateral planes of money also have their standard definitions relative to this directionality. Longitudinal plane money surface; in the case of roughly any plane or section perpendicular to the transverse plane. The "axis" of the closure is defined relative to the closure of the fully inserted-opening, and the wattage refers to the axis of symmetry parallel to the direction of insertion and to the plane of the opening (the axis of rotation or N times the axis 'where N is greater than) Positive integer) This line of collinear. If the axis of symmetry does not exist, the line of sight is parallel to the direction of insertion and the centroid of the plane of the opening of the opening, where the plane of the opening is perpendicular to the direction of insertion 'and intersects the wall of the opening to form a closed shape The highest plane surface. "Proximal" and "distal" refer to the direction toward or away from the axis, respectively. Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same definition as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. In the case of conflict, take this. Children's books include their definitions. Further steps will include plurals unless the context requires otherwise, and plural nouns will include the singular. Methods 201113198 and material examples are as follows, but such methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. The following examples are provided to illustrate and assist in understanding the aspects and embodiments of the present invention. These examples are in no way to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. In a first embodiment, 1. Referring now to Figures 1A through 1C, a closure (10) is provided which, in several embodiments, can be used to close an opening having an opening 152. The closure is shown in a perspective view ((10)), a side view after insertion of the opening (Fig. 1), and a cutaway view (Fig. 1C) after insertion into the opening. In some embodiments, the opening comprises an opening to the test tube, which may have any suitable size, such as about 12 milligreen (10) millimeters. The first embodiment of the closure member includes an operating member 1〇2, a centering member, and a second sealing member m extending from a lower end member 112. In some embodiments the closure may be made of polyethylene, low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene or other polymers. In this particular embodiment, the operation is finely solid (non-porous/consistent, providing sufficient rigidity such that its outer sidewall can be grasped and pushed or pulled in or out of an opening in several embodiments, and closed The member does not have any appreciable distortion, and the spatial relationship between the operating member 1G2 and the rest of the closure member is also unchanged. The contact between the shoulder portion 103 and the opening 152 can stop the closure member _ the insertion container 15G. The middle piece 1G is full-conical surface-headed tip 108. If the closure piece 1 is not calibrated during insertion, the tapered surface 106 or the truncated tip end (10) will contact the inner side 154 of the container 15 and guide The closure member is correctly aligned, and only the degree of error is not too large. The centering member 104 can define a tapered surface having a vertical angle of less than 9 degrees, for example, from a vertical angle of about 45 degrees to about 85 degrees, in several embodiments. Centering device 201113198 Slightly but visible enough to introduce the various seals HO guide into contact with sweat - 'Jiguo contact force tends to provide a step-by-step improvement of the calibration. Medium = seal 丨 ω can have any suitable shape And size. In one embodiment, 丨Π) can be The end piece nG is outwardly raised in the form of an annular ring - in the essence of the seal - the thickness of the average distance can be Μ to 毫 + _. In the case of shirts, water is up, not. In other embodiments, the thickness of the seal can be from about G.5 mm to about 2.0 mm. In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of each seal 110 can be related to the minimum insertion force: F-[E* {(Dd)/D}]*[pi*£)*T]*fs where: E is a seal The elastic modulus of the material; D is the diameter of the seal; the soil is the diameter of the opening; the thickness is substantially uniform; the sensation is the coefficient of friction between the closure and the soil in the complementary opening. In some embodiments, the values of such variables can be selected such that the force F is about Newtonian (N). In several embodiments t, the minimum force required to insert and remove the closure is from about 2 N to about 2 〇 N or about 40 N in several embodiments. When inserted, the two seals provide a seal that can contain fluid in one of the containers 11 and can be individually provided in several embodiments for sufficient use, such that the two seals The pressure of 110 provides redundancy and ensures containment even if one of the two seals is damaged or defective. The two seals u 〇 also ensure the vertical orientation of the closure κ) to the container 经由 5 经由 via the contact container at two locations along the closure axis. The finished member 102 is sufficiently rigid to resist deformation and distortion when contact with sufficient operating force. For example, the operating member and the remainder of the closure member 100 can be formed and made of material in several embodiments such that when the operating member is compressed by the outer direction of 201113198, the operating member has about (U GPa to about 3 弹性 = Pa's modulus of elasticity. Provides a consistent spatial relationship between the closure member 10 2 and the rest by counteracting the torsional deformation closure, and provides a more uniform shape to the closure during the entire period. Unexpected performance that may occur completely 'Shaw', otherwise such performance may occur during the period of use, including improper calibration, increased insertion force or removal force, or failure to form the desired seal. In addition to the foregoing specific implementation, the present invention Other embodiments and configurations of closures having an operating member are also contemplated. For example, the surface of the operating member will be vertical, horizontal, have other directionalities in different embodiments, or include the aforementioned configuration or have multiple directionalities. Surface. For example, in several embodiments, the closure includes a shoulder or indentation that can be clipped underneath when the closure is fully inserted Living or contacting the raft to allow removal of the closure; having an upper surface that can be contacted during insertion in several embodiments; having a lateral or angled surface that can be clamped during insertion and removal of the closure; and any When a closure member is inserted into the opening, or during removal of the closure member from the opening, in some embodiments, the sealing member 110 can be compressed and/or deflected to form an interference fit, which in some cases may result in the sealing member 110. Approximately frustoconical or wave shaped. In various embodiments, an example of the seal 110 can have a push-out or draw angle, or can extend perpendicular to the closure axis, as shown in Figure 1C. In a particular embodiment The length and thickness of the closure member 110 are selected to provide sufficient flexibility to the seal to assist in the removal of the seal during insertion. In addition to the foregoing specific embodiments, the present invention also encompasses other 201113198 closures that do not have shoulders. Embodiments and configurations. For example, instead of the inserted closure being stopped by contact between the shoulder and the container, the closure may not include any structure that would stop inserting. In a number of implementations, the closure member can include an upper portion that widens in the direction of insertion such that the insertion is dry and involves friction. Other than the foregoing specific implementation, other implementations of the closure having the centering member 1-4 are also contemplated. For example, in some embodiments the centering member 1〇4 may include a more or less acutely angled push-out portion. The sharper push-out portion tends to increase the toweling force, and the dragon can be inserted more quickly. Person, but may also increase the total length of the centering member, resulting in a reduction in the available area inside the container, increasing the likelihood of the closure member contacting the contained liquid and interfering with one-handed opening of the container. In some cases, the towel may have Truncated or non-truncated end. The truncated end may have any desired plucking or shape when present, including rounded, flat, concave, convex, etc. The truncated end reduces the width of the tapered surface, Such a 'several implementation' may reduce the amount of mismatched material; however, when the head end is convex or rounded, in some embodiments, the loss of mismatch tolerance is slightly mitigated. The rounded or convex end tends to allow liquid to accumulate at the tip, forming large enough droplets to drip, and in several embodiments, may allow liquid to contain (9) before or during removal of the closure. Preventing contamination; in other embodiments, the truncated end may be flat or concave, tending to prevent dripping from being implemented in a number of ways, which may result in reduced risk of contamination in several use cases. In addition to the foregoing specific implementations, closures having other cross-sectional shapes are also contemplated. In some embodiments, the 'partial closures can be independently radially symmetric, and 12 201113198 is symmetric or asymmetrical about the N-fold symmetry axis (where N is a positive integer greater than 丨). For example, the centering member and the seal generally match the shape of the opening, and the operating member does not need to match the shape of the opening. In several embodiments, the closure is adapted for use with an opening of any particular cross-sectional shape. Conveniently encompasses a wide variety of shapes, non-limiting examples of which include circular, oval, other rounded shapes, squares, triangles, rectangles, other regular or irregular polygons (with selective rounded corners), or any other closure Convex shape or closed concave shape. Referring now to Figure 2, in a second embodiment, a closure member 200 similar to the ith closed S member is provided, including only a single seal 210.
現在參考第3圖’於第三具體實施例中，提供類似第i 圖I及Μ ?居I 圖之閉合件之一閉合件300，具有三個密封件31〇。 除了前述具體實施例外，也涵蓋具有一密封件之閉合 牛之其匕實施例及組態。舉例言之，於若干實施例中，一 個或多個密封件可用於取巾，因而置中件提供充分校準， 讓密封件可接觸該開口，結果導致一接觸力其傾向於進/ 步=引閉合件朝向適當校準。為了進一步促成取中，於若 干實施例中，密封件可具有交錯寬度，較窄 在Referring now to Figure 3, in a third embodiment, a closure member 300, similar to the closure of Figure IX and Figure 1, is provided with three seals 31A. In addition to the foregoing specific implementations, embodiments and configurations of closures having a seal are also contemplated. For example, in some embodiments, one or more seals can be used to take the towel, such that the centering member provides sufficient alignment to allow the seal to contact the opening, resulting in a contact force that tends to advance/step = lead The closure is properly aligned. In order to further facilitate the take-up, in some embodiments, the seal may have a staggered width and be narrower.
較寬的w j l T IT 、直中件之前進入該開口，因此當閉合件插入時讦逐 進行取中。於若干實施例中，也涵蓋密封件中之〆者或 夕者可具有各種形狀俾便協助導引閉合件定位， 實 施例ψΑ π为 可忐未實際形成該容器150之密封。又復，密封件 中之一者、部分或全部另外可只形成一部分封（亦即只陴斷 之件與各器間之部分空間之一封），另外可藉此等部分封 之集合及藉補償封例如位在操作件底部之氣密墊或〇形環 13 201113198 來形成適當封。 現在參考第4圖，於第四具體實施例中，提供類似第1 圖至第3圖之閉合件之一閉合件400，其具有一操作件402、 一置中件404、及一下端件412。該閉合件係以透視圖（第4A 圖）及側視圖（第4B圖）顯示。如圖所示，閉合件400形成有垂 直於閉合軸延伸之橫向延伸孔洞406。設置於孔洞來協助由 塑膠或其它材料模製閉合件400，該方法經常可藉由於整個 部件提供大致上一致的壁厚度協助。於若干實施例中，所 示閉合件400可藉射出模製為單塊製造，形成模製件之壁厚 度於若干實施例中為約1/32吋至約1/10吋之範圍。雖然此部 件可形成為不含孔洞，但於若干實施例中，可能需要調整 配合來考慮通過模具的差異流量、部件之差異冷卻及膨脹 或收縮。橫向延伸孔洞406之使用允許部件製造成具有大致 上一致厚度壁之格網，但又具有足夠剛性，使得形成操作 件402之橫向壁可被抓握及推或挽進或出該開口，而不會造 成閉合件400之任何可察覺的扭曲變形，及操作件402與閉 合件其餘部分間之空間關係也無改變。 除了前述具體實施例，也涵蓋具有孔洞元件之一閉合 件之其它實施例及組態。大致上，當部分閉合件結構包含 一個或多個壁，其係形成環繞部件成形模具上之一凸部或 「核心」形成時，存在有孔洞元件。核心可用來於最終結 構形成孔洞，保有未經孔洞元件之大部分強度及剛性，同 時減輕重量及材料的使用量。於某些情況下，核心經由提 供具有更加均勻壁厚度之閉合件而減低製造成本。於若干 14 201113198 實施例中’加入孔洞（藉加核心或藉其它製法)也可減輕閉合 件的重量’可能改良操作容易度或速度，減低材料成本及 運輸重量。由於部分閉合件可接觸所容納的液體，核心結 構的使用可增加液體黏著於閉合件的傾向。當移出閉合件 時’於某些情況下’黏附的液體可能滴落、潑濺、流動、 或以其它方式到達閉合件外側之非期望的所在位置，可能 造成工作區容納的污染、交叉污染、或傳遞污染。為了防 止此等可能問題，於具體實施例中，可能接觸所容納之液 體之閉合件部分未加核心；或另外，於若干實施例中，核 心可包含只於垂直方向（亦即順著閉合件軸)之壁，使得當容 器疋向時閉合件係尚於所容納的液體垂直定向，液體傾向 於流至閉合件底部，滴落至容器。 現在參考第5圖，於第五具體實施例中，提供一種閉合 件5〇〇，其於若干實施例中，可用於閉合有一開口 552之容 益550。閉合件500係以透視圖（第5八圖）、插入開口後之側 視圖（第5BSI)、插人開σ後之切除視圖（第冗圖）、及顯示具 有才又準特徵之使用（第5〇圖）顯示。閉合件之第五實例具 有操作件502、一置中件5〇4、二密封件51〇、及一校準結 構514。如同先前實施例，下端件512係自位於操作件5〇2之 近知延伸至位於校準結構514之遠端。於若干實施例中，閉 口件500例如可由聚乙歸、低密度聚乙稀、高密度聚乙稀、 聚丙婦或其它聚合物或材料製成。於該具體實施例中，除 ^所不校準結構514之外，操作件5()2具#-實心、(未經孔洞） 、σ構供足夠剛性因而其外側壁於某些情況下可被可 15 201113198 被抓握及推或挽進或出一開口而閉合件500並無可察覺之 扭曲變形，及操作件502與閉合件其餘部分間之空間關係並 無改變。閉合件500之插入容器550係藉肩部503與開口 552 間之接觸而停止。當閉合件完全插入時，肩部503凸起超出 開口 552及可於移出期間從下方接觸。操作件502之垂直厚 度經選擇使得當閉合件500完全插入開口内時，閉合件500 之質心係低於開口 552來改良穩定性。舉例言之，於若干實 施例中，操作件502可具有大於丨.5毫米或大於3.0毫米之垂 直厚度。置中件504包括一錐形表面506及一截頭梢端508。 若於插入期間閉合件500未校準，則錐形表面506或截頭梢 端508將接觸容器550之内壁554,且導引閉合件朝向適當校 準，只要該校準錯誤程度不會過大即可。置中件504比開口 略窄，但又夠寬足以至少將最下方的密封件5 10導引至接觸 開口 552，所得接觸力傾向於提供校準之進一步改良。當插 入時，二密封件510提供可盛裝流體於容器内之一耐壓封。 於若干實施例中，各個密封件5 10可個別提供足夠封用於多 項用途，因此二密封件510之存在可提供冗餘及確保容納， 即使密封件中之一者受損或有缺陷亦如此。二密封件5 10也 協助確保閉合件500於容器550之垂直定向。 校準結構514之實例為一孔洞，其延伸入操作件502， 於若干實施例中，也可延伸入下端件512。定位銷570嵌合 入校準結構514，協助維持閉合件500相對於用來移除閉合 件500且將閉合件500插入容器550之一夾具（未顯示於本圖） 之方向性及位置。定位銷570包括一推拔部572，其具有與 16 201113198 校準結構514不同的推拔部。於其它實施例中，定位銷57〇 之推拔部於若干實施例中可與校準結構514之推拔部相同。 於若干實施例中，定位銷570之錐形梢端574於完全插入其中 時可接觸校準結構514之底部516及協助確保適當校準。 除了前述具體實施例外’也涵蓋由其它材料或多於一 種材料製成的一閉合件之其它實施例及組態。例如閉合件 之内部結構可由相對硬質材料製成，然後使用較為柔軟更 加隨形的材料做包覆模製。 閉合件5 0 〇之質量分布使得當插入開口内部時，閉合件 之質心係低於開口頂端。此種質量分布經由對抗因搖擺及 移動之小量擾動效應’可促成使用期間閉合件與開口的穩 定性。 .....人卞阳铒又閉合件之 其它實施例及組態。例如，於若干實施例中，校準結構可 包括位於閉合件之操作表面上及於操作期間提供^控制 的增加之-結構特徵（包括凸部、凹部 '及其組合）。校準結 構也包括於操作期間無需接觸的—個或多個可檢測社構。 包括可藉光學、電磁、絲波_結構，其㈣可^供閉 合件位置及/或方向性的赌。於若干實施例中， 可用於手動加蓋操作或自動加蓋操作。例如，於= 例中，校準結财包含位於蓋外表面上的—個•個^ 表面或凹陷表面’其適合與接觸表面互補，該接觸表面例 如為自動化夹具'手動摔作央 手動_工具或摔=面：^ 飞备作員表面（例如人或動物操作員之手 17 201113198 指、手、關節、大拇指、腳趾、牙齒等）。於本上下文中， 「互補」表示於操作期間校準結構的某個部分被接觸表面 之某個部分接觸，因而該接觸傾向於維持閉合件之特定定 向。於若干實施例中，校準結構可用於協助校準與協助操 作之雙重目的。舉例言之，於若干實施例中，校準結構包 括一垂直表面結構特徵，其可提供正向接觸、減少滑脫的 可能或以其它方式改良與閉合件接觸的可靠度或穩定性。 現在參考第6圖，於一第六具體實施例中，提供類似第 1圖至第3圖之閉合件也包括有一鎖定結構之一閉合件 600。一懸垂部620界定一開槽622。鎖定凸部656係附接至 容器650。於閉合件600插入期間，閉合件600經轉向來讓鎖 定凸部656與開槽622之開口 624定向。隨著插入的進行，閉 合件600旋轉使得鎖定凸部656順著開槽622行進，然後落入 凹部626，藉此將閉合件600鎖定於容器650上。於移出期 間，閉合件600經扭轉，選擇性地下壓使得鎖定凸部656離 開凹部626而當閉合件600同時經扭轉及柚出容器650時由 開槽622退出。閉合件600之插入容器650藉由肩部603與開 口 652之接觸所制止。 現在參考第7圖，於第七具體實施例中，提供一閉合件 700，其於若干實施例中，可用於閉合有一開口之容器。閉 合件700係以側視圖（第7A圖）、切除視圖（第7B圖）、頂視圖 (第7C圖）及透視圖（第7D圖）顯示。第七閉合件700之實例具 有一操作件702、一置中件704 '二密封件710、一下端件 712、及一校準結構714。於若干實施例中，閉合件700可由 18 201113198 聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯或其它聚 合物製成。於該具體實施例中，操作件702具有足夠剛性因 此操作件702璧於若干實施例中可被抓握及推或挽進或出 一開口而閉合件700並無任何可察覺之扭曲變形，以及操作 件702與閉合件其餘部分間並無空間關係的改變。 如第7圖所示，於若干實施例中，操作件7〇2包括環繞 或相鄰於該校準結構714之孔洞73〇。與就第4A圖及第 描述之孔洞相反，於若干實施例中，孔洞73〇可順著閉合件 軸校準。於若干實施例中，孔洞730可減少裝置的總重，藉 由避免大面積增加厚度來協助模製，而未有損該操作件^ 剛性及使用性。舉例言之，於若干實施例中，孔洞73〇可包 含於相鄰孔洞間輻射狀延伸之分隔件732，其增加操作= 702之壓縮剛性來協助減少或對抗徑向偏轉否則當使用厂 縮力（大致上自操作件702之外周邊向内導向力）抓二時 出現徑向偏轉。此種挺度的增高預期可協助閉合件之= 複拔出與再插入，當閉合件7〇〇所封閉的容器内容物係於 動化系統操作時特別有用。如第7Β圖所 ； 中，刼作件702具有於下端件712連結之第—側與該第一側 反側間之一縱向維度ti，該縱向維度^實 你大於下端件 712之外表面與校準孔洞714間之壁厚度。於操作件中 使用孔洞730藉由減少模製體積之過度變化 知^有助於此種 器開〇間之接 施例中，肩部 閉合件700之插入容器内藉肩部703與容 觸所制止。當閉合件完全插入時，於若干實 201113198 503可凸起超過開口且可於拔出期間由下方接觸。操作件 702之垂直厚度經選擇使得當閉合件7〇〇完全插入開口内部 時，閉合件7〇〇之質心係低於開 口來改良穩定性。置中件704 包括一錐形表面706及一截頭梢端708。若於插入期間閉合 件700未校準，則錐形表面706或截頭梢端708將接觸容器之 内壁且導制合㈣向適當校準，/σ、要該校準之錯誤程度 ^ k大即可。於若干實施例中’置中件704比開口略窄， 但夠寬而可將各個密封件71〇導引入接觸開口，所得接觸力 可提供校準之進—步改良。二密封件丨1G具有交錯直徑，下 密封件之直徑比上密封件小約〇 4%，因此當閉合件插入時 及密封件丨_序接觸閉合料取巾可漸進地改良》當插入 時，二密封件7】〇提供可將流體容納於容器内之耐壓封。各 花封件71 0個別可提供足夠封來用於多項用途因此存在有 兩個岔封件710可提供冗餘及即使密封件中之一者受損或 有缺乏時仍可確保容納。二密封件710也可協助確保閉合件 700於容器内之垂直定向。 校準結構7丨4包含延伸入操作件702之一孔洞’於若干 實化例中’可延伸入下端件7丨2。於該具體實施例中，校準 結構714移入延伸貫穿操作件7〇2，繼續貫穿下端件7丨2及止 於置中件704内部。如圖所示，於若干實施例中，校準結構 之形狀通常匹配下端件7丨2及置中件7〇4之外壁，因而各個 結構特徵形成具有大致上㈣厚度之_壁。定位销（圖中未 .’·、貝不）可嵌合入校準結構714來協助閉合件7〇〇相對於用來 將閉合件700拔出及插入容器之夾具（未顯示於該圖）之定向 20 201113198 及定位。定位銷可包括比校準結構514更窄的推拔部。當完 全插入時，疋位銷梢端可接觸校準結構川底部$ 確保適當校準。於# 袖 ,卡於右干實轭例中，於安裝及移除過程中， 定位銷可協助切及增加閉合件之強度。 也涵蓋操作此等及其它閉合件之方法。於若干實施例 中，閉合件可手動操作'於自動化系統操 «部分自動化操作•舉例言之，於若干實施^助= 貫施例^單手開啟。當閉合件插人開。内部部分夠短 時’於右干實施例中，藉抓緊容器朝向閉合件中心按壓 用大拇nu目料其絲面）可執行科移丨。科，若閉 合件有-「肩部」或當閉合件完全插人時可由下方接近之 其匕表面，則於若干實施例中，經由同時向上及朝向閉合 件中心按壓可執行單手移出。又-方法提供此等辦法之二 合，其中操作員首先朝向閉合件中心按壓，提供部分開啟 及暴露下表面，然後向上及朝向閉合件中心按壓此表面。 又另-方法涉及以三根手指固定容器同時以大姆指及食指 夾住閉合件且向上拉(及選擇性地，首先藉側向推力來鬆開 閉合件）。於若干實施例中，於插入及/或移出期間閉合件可 能扭曲，於若干實施例中，可能於手動操作或自動化操作 期間執行。於若干實施例中，當閉合件於操作期間有某種 自由度(典型地係因旋轉對稱性緣故）時可使用此等方法。使 用扭轉移動，經由減低所需之力而有助於移除。不欲受理 論所限，相信扭轉移動可克服閉合件與容器間之靜摩揍， 如此插入或移出只需要於插入方向或移出方向之足夠力來 21 201113198 歧動摩擦即可。料，經由減低摩擦力，職密封件(若 存在)於#作期間較少扭曲變形，如此提供較少操作胆力。 現在參考第8圖，提供可操作類似於前文說明之閉合件 之夾具之-具體實施例。夾具88G包括定位銷_、二顆炎 、及凸部882。於操作期間，夹具_接觸閉合件綱之 右干位置：壓片表面888接觸操作件8〇2之上表面；顎夹· 接觸操作件8G2之側表面；&部882接觸肩獅3之下表面. 及定位銷請接觸校準結構814内測。顆夹886_來允許爽 具880抓握與釋放閉合件_。料，定位销請選擇性地回 縮入失具内，或固定定位。定位銷請嵌合人校準結構8i4 且協助維持閉合件800相對於夾具88〇之定向及定位定位 銷870包括-推拔部872，其具有與校準結構814不同的推拔 部。於其它實施例中，定位銷870之推拔部872可於若干實 施例中魏準結構8丨4之推拔部相同。枝銷講之錐形梢 端874(於所示實施例中為戴頭）當完全插入時係接觸校準結 構8丨4底部8丨6，及有助於確保適當校準。於從容器㈣移出 閉合件8GG期間，力道自失具通過肩部咖下表面及通過操 作件802之側表面而傳遞至閉合件D於閉合件綱插入容器 850期間，力道係自壓片表面888通過操作件搬上表面及通 過操作件802側表面傳遞至閉合件。 於若干實施例中，此處所述閉合件、夾具、及方法可 合併用於樣本處m舉例t之，於若干實補中，自 動化系統可使用此等閉合件、爽具或方法帶有輸入樣本容 器、輸出樣本容II及/或中間樣本容器介於輸人處理與輸出 22 201113198 處理間。於一個實例中’樣本係提供於一容器内，該容器 具有受損或與自動化系統不可相容之一閉合件，於該種情 況下，於若干實施例中’樣本可轉移入容器内，然後使用 本閉合件之實施例封閉。此種系統之實例係說明於美國專 利申請案第12/588,304號(代理人檔號74708.000401)，名稱 「自動化檢定分析及系統」，申請日2009年10月9日，及美 國專利申請案第12/588,306號(代理人檔號74708.001001), 名稱「開放平台自動化樣本處理系統」，申請日2009年10月 9曰，各案全文係以引用方式併入此處。 須瞭解前述實施例僅供舉例說明，鑑於此處提供之教 示’其它實施例為熟諳技藝人士顯然自明。例如，雖然前 述實施例敘述閉合件及方法係用於醫事檢驗，但顯然於若 干實施例中可經修改來用於其它處理程序。至於另一個實 例’於若干實施例中，可設置聯結元件來將閉合件耦聯至 界定該互補開口之一結構(例如試管），使得當閉合件由開口 移出時仍然附接於該試管。於若干實施例中，可使用可撓 性及/或鉸合元件來用作為聯結件。熟諳技藝人士鑑於本文 揭示及藉由實施本發明顯然易知其它變化。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1A圖為一按壓型閉合件實例之等角視圖，該閉合件 包括一剛性操作件、一置中件、及二密封件。 第1B圖及第1 c圖分別顯示安裝於試管内之第1 a圖閉 合件之側視圖及切除側視圖。 第2圖及弟3圖為類似於第1 a圖所示閉合件但分別具有 23 201113198 一個密封件或三個密封件之該按壓型閉合件之切除側視圖。 第4A圖及第4B圖分別為類似於第丨圖所示閉合件之按 壓型閉合件貫例之等角視圖及側視圖，其中該閉合件包括 孔洞結構。 第5A圖為按壓型閉合件之另一個實例之等角視圖，該 閉合件包括一剛性操作件、一置中件、二密封件、及一校 準結構。 第5B圖及第5C圖分別為顯示安裝於—試管之第圖 之閉合件之側視圖及切除側視圖。 第5D圖為第5A圖之閉合件之切除側視圖，顯示一定位 銷與該校準結構之交互作用。 第6A圖及第6B圖分別為按壓型閉合件之另一個實例 之側視圖及切除側視圖’該閉合件包括—剛性操作件、一 置中件、二密封件、及一鎖。 '刀別兩孜嶝型閉合件〜乃一個貫例 之側視圖、切除側視圖、頂視圖及等角視圖，該閉合件包 括一有核心剛性操作件、一置中件、及二密封件 氺，圃主弟 第8圖為適合操作類似第5圖 闳13件之一閉合件之 一夾具實例之切除側視圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 100...閉合件 102.··操作件 103…肩部 104.··置中件 106.. .錐形表面 108…截頭梢端 110.·.密封件 11.2.. .下端件 24 201113198 150...容器 554...内壁 152…開口 570...定位銷 154...内壁 572...推拔部 200...閉合件 574...錐形梢端 210...密封件 600...閉合件 300...閉合件 603...肩部 310...密封件 620...懸垂部 400...閉合件 622...開槽 402...操作件 624".開口 404...置中件 626...凹部 406...橫向延伸孔洞 650...容器 412...下端件 656...鎖定凸部 500...閉合件 700...閉合件 502...操作件 702...操作件 503...肩部 703...肩部 504...置中件 704...置中件 506...錐形表面 706...錐形表面 508...截頭梢端 708...截頭梢端 510...密封件 710...密封件 512...下端件 712...下端件 514...校準結構 714…校準結構、校準孔洞 516...底部 716...底部 550...容器 730...孔洞 552··.開口 732...輻射狀延伸分隔件 25 201113198 800...閉合件 874...錐形梢端 802...操作件 880...夾具 803...肩部 882...凸部 814...校準結構 886…顎夾 816...底部 888...壓片表面 850...容器 ti...縱維度 870.. .定位銷 872.. .推拔部 t2...壁厚度 26The wider w j l T IT, the straight middle member enters the opening before, so the centering is performed when the closure is inserted. In some embodiments, it is also contemplated that the seal or the diaper may have various shapes to assist in guiding the closure member, and the embodiment ψΑ π is a seal that does not actually form the container 150. In addition, one, some or all of the seals may only form a part of the seal (that is, only a part of the space between the pieces and the parts), and the collection and lending of the parts may be used. The compensation seal is, for example, a gas-tight gasket or a ring-shaped ring 13 201113198 located at the bottom of the operating member to form an appropriate seal. Referring now to Figure 4, in a fourth embodiment, a closure member 400 similar to the closure of Figures 1 through 3 is provided having an operating member 402, a centering member 404, and a lower end member 412. . The closure is shown in a perspective view (Fig. 4A) and a side view (Fig. 4B). As shown, the closure member 400 is formed with a laterally extending aperture 406 that extends perpendicular to the closed axis. The holes are provided to assist in molding the closure 400 from plastic or other material, often by providing substantially uniform wall thickness throughout the assembly. In some embodiments, the closure member 400 can be molded as a single piece by injection molding, the wall thickness of the molded article being in the range of from about 1/32 Torr to about 1/10 Torr in several embodiments. While this component can be formed without voids, in several embodiments, an adjustment fit may be required to account for differential flow through the mold, differential cooling of the components, and expansion or contraction. The use of the laterally extending apertures 406 allows the component to be fabricated as a grid of generally uniform thickness walls, but yet sufficiently rigid that the lateral walls forming the operating member 402 can be grasped and pushed or pulled into or out of the opening without Any appreciable distortion of the closure member 400 is caused, and the spatial relationship between the operating member 402 and the remainder of the closure member is unchanged. In addition to the foregoing specific embodiments, other embodiments and configurations having a closure for one of the aperture elements are also contemplated. Generally, a hole element is present when the partial closure structure comprises one or more walls formed to form a projection or "core" on the part forming mold. The core can be used to form holes in the final structure, retaining most of the strength and rigidity of the non-porous components while reducing weight and material usage. In some cases, the core reduces manufacturing costs by providing a closure with a more uniform wall thickness. In some embodiments, the addition of holes (by adding core or by other methods) can also reduce the weight of the closures, which may improve ease of operation or speed, and reduce material cost and shipping weight. The use of the core structure increases the tendency of the liquid to adhere to the closure since the partial closure can contact the contained liquid. When the closure is removed, 'in some cases' the adhered liquid may drip, splatter, flow, or otherwise reach an undesired location on the outside of the closure, which may cause contamination, cross-contamination, Or pass pollution. In order to prevent such possible problems, in a particular embodiment, the closure portion that may contact the contained liquid is not cored; or in addition, in some embodiments, the core may comprise only the vertical direction (ie, following the closure) The wall of the shaft, such that when the container is tilted, the closure member is still oriented vertically in the liquid contained therein, and the liquid tends to flow to the bottom of the closure and drip to the container. Referring now to Figure 5, in a fifth embodiment, a closure 5 is provided which, in several embodiments, can be used to close a receptacle 550 having an opening 552. The closure member 500 is in a perspective view (Fig. 5A), a side view after inserting the opening (5th BSI), a cutaway view after inserting the open σ (the redundant diagram), and the use of the display with the characteristics of the feature (the first) 5〇)) Display. A fifth example of the closure has an operating member 502, a centering member 5〇4, a second sealing member 51〇, and a calibration structure 514. As with the previous embodiment, the lower end piece 512 extends from the proximity of the operating member 5〇2 to the distal end of the calibration structure 514. In some embodiments, the closure member 500 can be made, for example, of polyethylene, low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene or other polymers or materials. In this embodiment, in addition to the uncalibrated structure 514, the operating member 5() 2 has a solid-- (un-hole), σ configuration for sufficient rigidity so that the outer side wall can be 15 201113198 The closure member 500 is grasped and pushed or pulled in or out without any appreciable distortion, and the spatial relationship between the operating member 502 and the rest of the closure member is unchanged. The insertion container 550 of the closure member 500 is stopped by contact between the shoulder 503 and the opening 552. When the closure is fully inserted, the shoulder 503 projects beyond the opening 552 and can be contacted from below during removal. The vertical thickness of the operating member 502 is selected such that when the closure member 500 is fully inserted into the opening, the center of mass of the closure member 500 is lower than the opening 552 to improve stability. For example, in some embodiments, the operating member 502 can have a vertical thickness greater than 丨5 mm or greater than 3.0 mm. The centering member 504 includes a tapered surface 506 and a truncated tip 508. If the closure member 500 is not calibrated during insertion, the tapered surface 506 or truncated tip 508 will contact the inner wall 554 of the container 550 and the guide closure will be oriented properly as long as the calibration error is not excessive. The centering member 504 is slightly narrower than the opening, but wide enough to guide at least the lowermost seal 5 10 to the contact opening 552, and the resulting contact force tends to provide a further improvement in calibration. When inserted, the two seals 510 provide a pressure resistant seal that can hold the fluid within the container. In some embodiments, each of the seals 5 10 can individually provide sufficient seals for multiple uses, so the presence of the second seals 510 can provide redundancy and ensure containment even if one of the seals is damaged or defective. . The second seal 5 10 also assists in ensuring the vertical orientation of the closure 500 in the container 550. An example of a calibration structure 514 is a hole that extends into the operating member 502 and, in some embodiments, also into the lower end member 512. The locating pin 570 fits into the alignment structure 514 to assist in maintaining the directionality and position of the closure member 500 relative to the clamp (not shown) used to remove the closure 500 and insert the closure member 500 into the container 550. The locating pin 570 includes a push-out portion 572 having a different push-out portion than the 16201113198 calibration structure 514. In other embodiments, the push-out portion of the locating pin 57A can be identical to the push-out portion of the calibration structure 514 in several embodiments. In several embodiments, the tapered tip 574 of the locating pin 570 can contact the bottom 516 of the calibration structure 514 when fully inserted therein and assist in ensuring proper alignment. Other embodiments and configurations of a closure made of other materials or more than one material are contemplated in addition to the foregoing specific embodiments. For example, the internal structure of the closure member can be made of a relatively hard material and then overmolded using a relatively softer, more conformal material. The mass distribution of the closure member 50 is such that when inserted into the interior of the opening, the center of mass of the closure is lower than the top end of the opening. This mass distribution can contribute to the stability of the closure and opening during use by counteracting small disturbance effects due to sway and movement. ..... Other embodiments and configurations of the person and the closure. For example, in several embodiments, the calibration structure can include additional structural features (including protrusions, recesses, and combinations thereof) that are provided on the operating surface of the closure and that provide control during operation. The calibration structure also includes one or more detectable communities that do not need to be touched during operation. Including optical, electromagnetic, wire-wave structure, (4) can be used to provide the position and/or directionality of the closure. In several embodiments, it can be used for manual capping operations or automatic capping operations. For example, in the example, the calibration balance includes a surface or a concave surface on the outer surface of the cover that is adapted to be complementary to the contact surface, such as an automated fixture 'manually smashing the manual _ tool or Fall = face: ^ fly reserve surface (such as the hand of a human or animal operator 17 201113198 fingers, hands, joints, thumbs, toes, teeth, etc.). In this context, "complementary" means that a portion of the calibration structure is contacted by a portion of the contact surface during operation, and thus the contact tends to maintain a particular orientation of the closure. In several embodiments, the calibration structure can be used to assist in the dual purpose of calibration and assisted operation. For example, in several embodiments, the calibration structure includes a vertical surface feature that provides positive contact, reduces slippage, or otherwise improves reliability or stability of contact with the closure. Referring now to Figure 6, in a sixth embodiment, a closure member similar to Figures 1 through 3 is provided to also include a closure member 600 having a locking structure. A depending portion 620 defines a slot 622. A locking projection 656 is attached to the container 650. During insertion of the closure member 600, the closure member 600 is turned to orient the locking projection 656 with the opening 624 of the slot 622. As the insertion progresses, the closure member 600 rotates such that the locking projection 656 travels along the slot 622 and then falls into the recess 626, thereby locking the closure member 600 to the container 650. During removal, the closure member 600 is twisted and selectively depressed to cause the locking tab 656 to move away from the recess 626 and exit by the slot 622 as the closure member 600 is simultaneously twisted and tangled out of the container 650. The insertion container 650 of the closure member 600 is stopped by the contact of the shoulder 603 with the opening 652. Referring now to Figure 7, in a seventh embodiment, a closure member 700 is provided which, in several embodiments, can be used to close a container having an opening. The closure member 700 is shown in a side view (Fig. 7A), a cutaway view (Fig. 7B), a top view (Fig. 7C), and a perspective view (Fig. 7D). An example of the seventh closure member 700 has an operating member 702, a centering member 704', a second sealing member 710, a lower end member 712, and a calibration structure 714. In several embodiments, the closure 700 can be made of 18 201113198 polyethylene, low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, or other polymer. In this particular embodiment, the operating member 702 is sufficiently rigid that the operating member 702 can be grasped and pushed or pulled into or out of an opening in the embodiment without the closure member 700 having any appreciable distortion. There is no spatial relationship change between the operating member 702 and the rest of the closure. As shown in Fig. 7, in several embodiments, the operating member 〇2 includes a hole 73〇 that surrounds or is adjacent to the calibration structure 714. In contrast to the Figure 4A and the described apertures, in some embodiments, the apertures 73 can be aligned along the closure axis. In several embodiments, the apertures 730 can reduce the overall weight of the device, aiding in molding by avoiding a large increase in thickness without compromising the rigidity and usability of the operating member. For example, in some embodiments, the aperture 73 can include a radially extending spacer 732 between adjacent apertures that increases the compression stiffness of operation = 702 to assist in reducing or countering radial deflection or otherwise using factory shrinkage (Substantially, the inward guiding force from the outer periphery of the operating member 702) occurs when the second deflection occurs. This increase in stiffness is expected to assist in the closure = re-drawing and re-insertion, which is particularly useful when the contents of the container enclosed by the closure member 7 are in operation of the kinetic system. As shown in FIG. 7 , the workpiece 702 has a longitudinal dimension ti between the first side of the lower end member 712 and the opposite side of the first side. The longitudinal dimension is greater than the outer surface of the lower end member 712. The wall thickness between the holes 714 is calibrated. The use of the hole 730 in the operating member is advantageous in reducing the excessive change in the molding volume. In the embodiment of the device opening, the shoulder closure member 700 is inserted into the container by the shoulder 703 and the contact portion. stop. When the closure is fully inserted, it may protrude over the opening at several times 201113198 503 and may be contacted by the lower during withdrawal. The vertical thickness of the operating member 702 is selected such that when the closure member 7 is fully inserted into the interior of the opening, the center of mass of the closure member 7 is lower than the opening to improve stability. The centering member 704 includes a tapered surface 706 and a truncated tip 708. If the closure 700 is not calibrated during insertion, the tapered surface 706 or truncated tip 708 will contact the inner wall of the container and the guide (4) will be properly aligned, / σ, the degree of error of the calibration is greater than k k. In several embodiments, the centering member 704 is slightly narrower than the opening, but wide enough to introduce the respective seals 71 into the contact openings, and the resulting contact force provides a further improvement in calibration. The second sealing member 丨1G has a staggered diameter, and the diameter of the lower sealing member is less than about 4% smaller than that of the upper sealing member, so that when the closing member is inserted and the sealing member is in contact with the closed material, the towel can be progressively improved. The second seal 7 is provided with a pressure-resistant seal that accommodates the fluid in the container. Each of the flower seals 70 0 can individually provide sufficient seals for multiple uses so that there are two helium seals 710 that provide redundancy and ensure containment even if one of the seals is damaged or lacking. The second seal 710 can also assist in ensuring the vertical orientation of the closure member 700 within the container. The calibration structure 7丨4 includes a hole 'extending into the operating member 702' in a number of embodiments' that can extend into the lower end piece 7丨2. In this particular embodiment, the alignment structure 714 is moved inwardly through the operating member 7〇2, continuing through the lower end member 7丨2 and ending within the centering member 704. As shown, in some embodiments, the shape of the calibration structure generally matches the outer wall of the lower end piece 7丨2 and the centering piece 7〇4 such that each structural feature forms a wall having a substantially (four) thickness. A locating pin (not shown in the figure) can be fitted into the calibration structure 714 to assist the closure member 7 with respect to the clamp (not shown) for pulling and inserting the closure member 700 into the container. Orientation 20 201113198 and positioning. The locating pin can include a pusher that is narrower than the calibration structure 514. When fully inserted, the tip of the clamp pin can be contacted with the bottom of the calibration structure to ensure proper calibration. In the # sleeve, stuck in the right dry yoke example, the locating pin assists in cutting and increasing the strength of the closure during installation and removal. Methods of operating such and other closures are also contemplated. In several embodiments, the closure can be manually operated 'in an automated system operation'. Partially automated operation. For example, in several implementations, the application is performed with one hand. When the closure is inserted. The inner portion is short enough. In the right-hand embodiment, the grasping of the container is performed toward the center of the closure member. If the closure member has a "shoulder" or a lower surface that can be accessed by the lower portion when the closure member is fully inserted, in some embodiments, one-handed removal can be performed by simultaneously pressing up and toward the center of the closure. Again, the method provides a combination of such methods in which the operator first presses toward the center of the closure, providing partial opening and exposing the lower surface, and then pressing the surface up and toward the center of the closure. Still another method involves securing the container with three fingers while gripping the closure with the thumb and forefinger and pulling up (and optionally, first releasing the closure by lateral thrust). In some embodiments, the closure may be distorted during insertion and/or removal, and in several embodiments may be performed during manual or automated operation. In several embodiments, such methods may be used when the closure has some degree of freedom during operation (typically due to rotational symmetry). Use twisting movement to help remove by reducing the force required. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the torsional movement can overcome the static friction between the closure and the container, so that only enough force in the insertion or removal direction is required to insert or remove the 21 201113198 turbulent friction. Material, by reducing friction, the wear seal (if present) is less distorted during #, thus providing less operational stress. Referring now to Figure 8, a specific embodiment of a clamp operable similar to the closures previously described is provided. The jig 88G includes a positioning pin _, two swells, and a convex portion 882. During operation, the clamp_contact closure member is in the right dry position: the tablet surface 888 contacts the upper surface of the operating member 8〇2; the clamp member contacts the side surface of the operating member 8G2; the & portion 882 contacts the shoulder lion 3 The surface and the positioning pin should be in contact with the calibration structure 814. A clip 886_ is provided to allow the fastener 880 to grip and release the closure _. Material, the positioning pin should be selectively retracted into the gear, or fixed positioning. The locating pin invites the chiseling person to align the structure 8i4 and assists in maintaining the orientation and positioning of the closure member 800 relative to the shank 88. The pin 870 includes a push-out portion 872 having a different push-out portion than the calibration structure 814. In other embodiments, the push-out portion 872 of the locating pin 870 can be the same as the push-out portion of the Wei-Jun structure 8丨4 in several embodiments. The tapered tip 874 (shown in the illustrated embodiment) is in contact with the calibration structure 8丨4 bottom 8丨6 when fully inserted and helps to ensure proper alignment. During removal of the closure member 8GG from the container (4), the force self-failure is transmitted through the shoulder surface and through the side surface of the operating member 802 to the closure member D during the closure member insertion container 850, and the force is passed from the tablet surface 888. The operating member is carried to the upper surface and transmitted to the closure member through the side surface of the operating member 802. In several embodiments, the closures, clamps, and methods described herein can be combined for use in the sample m. In several implementations, the automation system can use such closures, squeegee, or methods with inputs. The sample container, output sample volume II, and/or intermediate sample container are interposed between the input processing and output 22 201113198 processing. In one example, the sample is provided in a container having a closure that is damaged or incompatible with the automated system, in which case the sample can be transferred into the container in several embodiments, and then The embodiment of the closure is closed. An example of such a system is described in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 12/588,304 (Attorney Docket No. 74708.000401), entitled "Automated Calibration Analysis and System", Application Date October 9, 2009, and U.S. Patent Application No. 12 /588,306 (agent file number 74708.001001), the name "open platform automated sample processing system", application date October 9, 2009, the full text of each case is hereby incorporated by reference. It is to be understood that the foregoing embodiments are by way of example only, and that For example, while the foregoing embodiments describe closures and methods for medical testing, it is apparent that modifications may be made to other processing procedures in such embodiments. As another example, in several embodiments, a coupling element can be provided to couple the closure to a structure (e.g., a test tube) that defines the complementary opening such that the closure is still attached to the tube when it is removed from the opening. In some embodiments, flexible and/or hinged elements can be used as the coupling. Other variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of this disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1A is an isometric view of an example of a push-type closure member including a rigid operating member, a centering member, and a second sealing member. Fig. 1B and Fig. 1c respectively show a side view and a cutaway side view of the closure member of Fig. 1a attached to the test tube. Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are cutaway side views of the press-type closure member similar to the closure member shown in Fig. 1a but having a seal or three seals of 23 201113198, respectively. 4A and 4B are an isometric view and a side view, respectively, of a press-type closure member similar to the closure member shown in the second embodiment, wherein the closure member includes a hole structure. Fig. 5A is an isometric view of another example of a press-type closure member including a rigid operating member, a centering member, a second seal member, and a calibration structure. Fig. 5B and Fig. 5C are respectively a side view and a cutaway side view showing the closure attached to the first section of the test tube. Figure 5D is a cutaway side view of the closure of Figure 5A showing the interaction of a locating pin with the calibration structure. 6A and 6B are a side view and a cutaway side view, respectively, of another example of a press type closure member. The closure member includes a rigid operating member, a centering member, a second sealing member, and a lock. 'Knife two-piece closures' are a side view, a cut-away side view, a top view and an isometric view of a conventional example, the closure comprising a core rigid operating member, a centering member, and a second sealing member. Fig. 8 is a cutaway side view of an example of a fixture suitable for operating a closure similar to that of Fig. 5 and Fig. 13. [Main component symbol description] 100... Closed member 102. · Operating member 103... Shoulder 104. · Centering member 106.. Conical surface 108... Truncated tip 110.. Seal 11.2. . Lower end piece 24 201113198 150... container 554... inner wall 152... opening 570... locating pin 154... inner wall 572... push-out part 200... closure 574... tapered tip End 210...seal 600...closed member 300...closed member 603...shoulder 310...seal 620...overhang 400...closed 622...slot 402 ...operating member 624" opening 404... centering member 626... recess 406... laterally extending hole 650... container 412... lower end member 656... locking projection 500... Closure 700... closure 502... operator 702... operator 503... shoulder 703... shoulder 504... centering 704... centering 506... Tapered surface 706 ... tapered surface 508 ... truncated tip 708 ... truncated tip 510 ... seal 710 ... seal 512 ... lower end 712 ... lower end piece 514... Calibration Structure 714... Calibration Structure, Calibration Hole 516... Bottom 716... Bottom 550... Container 730... Hole 552.. Opening 732... Radial Extension Separator 25 20 1113198 800...closed member 874...conical tip 802...operating member 880...clamp 803...shoulder 882...protrusion 814...calibration structure 886...颚clip 816. .. bottom 888... tableting surface 850... container ti... longitudinal dimension 870.. positioning pin 872.. pushing portion t2... wall thickness 26