TW201119621A - Physical model eye systems and methods - Google Patents

Abstract

An optically and physically representative model eye (50, Figure 3) is employed in a model eye system to evaluate corrective lenses and corneal modification. The illustrative model eye (50) has a mounting ring52 that holds a simulated cornea54, iris56 and lens58. A photoactive device (64) such as a photodetector array (65) is mounted on a movable base (66) for movement within a retinal area (70). A liquid-tight posterior enclosure (72) is formed by a flexible tubular bladder (73) so that the device is immersed in a liquid that simulates optical properties of the natural vitreous humor. The base (66) and photodetector array (65) are moved by rotary and linear actuators (not shown in Figure 3) to position the device angularly within the retinal area (70) and to reciprocate it to achieve through-focus at any position in the retinal area (70). A conventional eye-test chart (91) in a field of view (69) can be imaged via a mirror (92) and a test contact lens can be placed on the model cornea (54) with a simulated tear solution under a protective cover (84). A camera (87) can be used to check the alignment and orientation of the test lens.

Description

201119621 VI. Description of the Invention: Field of the Invention: Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solid model eye, a model eye system, and the like. Model eye systems and methods can be used to assess corneal remodeling and corrective lenses (such as invisible, glass and intraocular lenses or I〇Ls), as well as to calibrate ophthalmic instruments, or to simulate natural eye functions, defects, pathologies, Surgical correction and / or injury. [Prior Art] Background of the Invention It is desirable that the solid model eye is realistic, and it has substantially the physical size of the realistic cornea, iris, crystal and focal distance, and has a field of view similar to that of a natural eye. While such simplified model eyes are capable of mathematically simulating the optical properties of the eye, they are unable to assess the performance of the true corrective lens I〇Ls (endoscopic lens) combined with the eye. Some of the physical models of the traditional skills want to show a basic eyesight to a group of students, so they are very magnified, simplified, and not optically realistic. Examples are U.S. Patents 1,042,815 [Myers, 1912], 1,630,944 [Ingerso U, 1927] and 2,068,950 [Hamilton, 1937]. This solid model is not optically and anatomically correct, so it is quite unsuitable for the true assessment of pathology, treatment or corrective lenses. The more relevant solid model eye is known to be intended to correctly simulate the optical and physical properties selected by the natural eye to test true eyeglasses or to calibrate the ophthalmoscope 201119621 U.S. Patents 5,532,770 and 5,652,640 [Schneider, 1996] Uncovering the horizontal installation of IQLs Model eye system, which has a liquid-filled posterior ocular chamber with a cornea containing I〇L, a central retinal fossa near the central fossa of the retina, and a central fossa of the retina located behind the central fossa of the retina (a telescope Optical sputum) to allow people to view images of the central window of the eyelids. The lumen has a resilient, capsular connection that allows the retinal fovea projector to move axially with respect to the IOL, as well as retaining the liquid within the lumen. The retinal images of the off-axis portion are not of interest and do not provide a visual representation of them. U.S. Patent 5,875,017 [〇hnuma et al., 1997] discloses a lens system for evaluating a test IOL or contact lens that utilizes a set of cCD camera sensors to capture foveal fovea images. Although the tested I〇L or contact lens can be realistic and can provide the correct anterior corneal surface to support the tested contact lens, the lens system is not realistic because it relies on a wide-angle camera-type objective lens located in front of the system to image Brings the focus to the top of the flat area of the CCd camera sensor. U.S. Patent 6,485,142 [Sheehy, 2002] discloses a horizontally mounted, two-chamber, spherical, liquid-filled model eye that is about 6.5 times the size of a natural eye and contains lenses to simulate natural corneas and crystals. It is used to evaluate protective filters and glasses between the source and the model eye. The posterior spherical surface of the model eye representing the retina is translucent (fog), and a radiation sensor (such as a CCD camera) is located outside the eye where it detects a portion of the image formed on the foggy retina Radiation intensity. For this purpose, the 4 201119621 sensor can be moved concentrically with the surface of the retina in the horizontal plane so that the intensity of the radiation at different angles can be detected. U.S. Patent 6,626,535 [Altmann et al. 2003] discloses a single chamber, liquid filled and vertically mounted model eye for testing true contact lenses. In the embodiment, the cornea and the crystal are artificially simulated by a solid optical element having a front surface machined into a natural corneal shape and a rear surface having a front end forming a rear cavity. The contact lens can be placed on the model cornea in a central or off-center manner as needed. The web 臈 can form a transparent or reflective concave surface simulation of the back end of the chamber. - The elastic bladder-like connection moves the surface of the retina to change the length of the eye or to change the center of the surface of the retina while retaining liquid in the chamber. Although a retinal fovea window similar to a pinhole has been revealed, the evaluation of the test contact lens is performed with a refractometer or wavefront instrument located in front of the eye in accordance with reflection from the surface of the model web. However, the angle of incidence that allows such instruments to be used effectively is severely limited. U.S. Patent No. 7, 〇36,933 [Yamaguchi, 2〇〇6] discloses a horizontally mounted tubular model eye for calibrating a wavefront measuring instrument for use on a natural eye. In shape or on the optical surface profile, it is not physically realistic. A lens simulates the natural cornea and the lens, and the posterior diffusion surface is located at the focal point 2 of the lens to simulate the retina base. The phase disk is inserted into the lens and expanded between the two surfaces to correct the aberration caused by the lens or the aberration control of the model eye. Interferometric calibration methods for model eyes are also disclosed. ^ U.S. Patent 7,066,598 [Niven, 2006] discloses a vertical ampule, chamber model eye that is capable of accommodating two transparent liquids: one: 201119621 body. The model cornea appears to have a realistic rear surface and a realistic front surface. The natural water body is represented by a machined solid lens. The iris is simulated with an aperture ring located in front of the lens and is used to mount the lens in the posterior cavity. The flat inner surface of the cover simulates that the end cap encloses the posterior eye of the model eye and is located at a fixed location from the lens. This model is characterized by providing a gap between the iris ring and the lens to allow air to be trapped in the posterior eye and upwardly drawn into the anterior chamber. The model eye can be used with a refractometer or the like in the same manner as in the Altmann literature and can also be used for calibration of a refractometer. It will be appreciated that any reference herein to prior art will not pose a disadvantage to those skilled in the art, as such is generally within the skill of the art. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In one aspect, the solid model eye system and method of the present invention features a photosensitive device that can be moved laterally and axially within the retina region, wherein the image is brought to focus for detection and / or reflect a portion of the image for viewing, evaluation, processing or analysis. Preferably, the device is small such that it can move widely within the spherical retinal region. It can be a light detector array (including a fiber bundle that terminates in the retinal region and optically integrated into the photodetector array outside the retina region, if desired), or a reflector. It can also include a light emitter. , such as a point source for determining the front-end component of the model <single pass characteristics. Preferably, the actuator element is provided to support mounting and to move the device from one position to another in the region of the retina and preferably to be reciprocally reciprocated through a plurality of locations at various locations 6 201119621 to move the device such that The position of the best image focus is determined. [Best image focus or ‘best focus, used here to refer to the least cylindrical eylinder power or the least confusing circle. The present hair model eyes are preferably optically realistic, that is, they are at least similar in optical function to natural eyes. In this regard, they preferably have optically realistic crystals, corneas, and irises that impart a realistic field of view and focus distance. They also have optical resolutions similar to natural eyes. They are also substantially physical in size. However, the surface of the model retina does not appear as 'where the image is passed to or along any location along the retinal area, and the image will be brought to the focus.') can be moved to the coordinates that are used to actuate the yifan, 妓 it passes or A known profile along the line of interest can be moved to the coordinates used for the actuator elements to mount the device. [Because of the different focal field of view and the omental wheel material are of interest, they can be collectively referred to as occupying a three-degree space. The visually simple contour or (four) domain can be referred to as the 'retina ^' terminology. Long, no listening is meant to mean a special retina shape. ] _ This is controlled by a computer with controller components. The control 7L drives the actuator to protect the moon, and the 10/+ cold y 1 is dried and reciprocated as desired or programmed by the user. The photodetector of the photosensor is preferably a two-dimensional array image processing device, and the resulting W memory is preferably connected to a shadow memory device in the computer. The image output of the bribe reference is preferably stored in the coordinate system in a desired manner, and it is convenient to use the wheel in the memory and to use the x-position device. Image Processing 7 201119621 The device elements are preferably adapted to accept photodetector outputs at various locations during reciprocation and to compare or process the outputs to determine the optimal image focus location for the location of the device within the retinal region. Furthermore, the image processor element is preferably adapted to obtain a field of view drawing curvature in the region of the retina from a best focus point of a series of device locations and to store the drawing data in memory for subsequent display, analysis or other use. Although the size of the retinal region of interest will vary depending on the particular model eye or system, it can always move axially, laterally, and/or circumferentially for its slamming device. For example, the area of the retina may be a substantially planar arc that extends laterally and forwardly from the axis at or near the fovea of the retina, or an approximately spherical three-dimensional space cup. Shaped shell. Any of these retinal regions can be handed over or contain more than four (4) Vision-independent shapes from natural eye measurements (from theoretical considerations or from hypothetical _). Therefore, in terms of various test objects in the field of view, the model eye system and method of the present invention enables model cornea, model iris, model crystal, test muscle or external consumption front mirror>; test-touched field of view (most (four), Point position) can be determined in a wide range of corners. They also allow defocusing along any predetermined retinal contour of interest to be seen, measured or recorded. These important abilities are not present in the "model eye systems and methods known in the art. More specifically, when the curvature of the field of view produced by the special combination of optical components is plotted, the photosensitive device can be moved to any position in the retinal region. Then move back and forth through the best focus image. By repeating this step in the 201119621 position in the view area, the curvature of the field of view of the model for a particular test image or a series of different test images can be quickly determined. [Test image Means an image of an external test object (near and/or distant) within the field of view of the model'. An example is a normal eye pattern or a projected light pattern used by an optometrist.] Additionally or alternatively, the device may be Positioned along a predetermined retinal contour of interest to allow the image focus to vary along the contour being viewed, measured, and/or recorded. Because such curvature of field and focus can cover a large perimeter angle' The system and method of the model eye of the present invention is particularly suitable for the examination of progressive myopia and the evaluation of anti-myopia lenses (such as Smith et al. Modified by the United States Patent 7,025,460), as well as correction of the cornea. They will also be used to evaluate multifocal or monofocal glass, invisible and I〇L lenses, and to modify the performance of the cornea' even if the central line of sight is dominant or This is also the case in the only consideration. [The correction or molding of the corneal surface effect depends on the use of the model cornea. The model of the cornea forms a molded cardiac sequence (such as laser ablation, autokeratology). Or the use of onlays or inlays to obtain or obtain contours.] The molded eye systems and methods of the present invention are also useful for exploring natural eyes associated with distorted crystals, corneas or retinas. Pathology or abnormality. As described above, it is desirable to use a device having a photosensitive region that is smaller than the retinal region of the human eye, preferably less than 10% ^ optimally, the photosensitive region of the lens Approximately equal to the photosensitive area written in the center of the retina of the natural eye (approximately 2 mm in diameter). However, the device containing a photosensitive area with a lateral distance between i_4 mm is generally ordered. Satisfactory. Another consideration for anti-myopia investigation is that the length of the photosensitive device relative to the curved path (which can be moved along the curved path of the 9 201119621 curved path) should preferably be small and the path normally extends into At least 30 较 angle compared to the shaft. Therefore, it is easy to reduce cost and machining complexity and improve correctness. Moreover, the length of the device is preferably less than the maximum path length, and preferably less than 15%, most = less than ίο%. Of course, where the interest is limited to the central line of sight and the on-axis image, the device requires a minimum angle or off-axis movement and the photosensitive area that is approximately equal to the photosensitive area of the foveal fossa will be Satisfied. We have found that the most valuable photosensitive device is for the small camera CCD or CMOS color light (10) array of digital camera type. The use of an array capable of sensing color provides an important advantage because it allows for the capture of additional images, such as indications of color and other image aberrations, during movement through the focus. This data is used to estimate the aberrations of the model eye under a (iv) positive lens or simulated retinal molding procedure, or without the use of corrective lenses or simulated retinal molding procedures. In fact, when such a motion detector (multi-color or non-multi-color) is used with an external point source, higher 〇rder and lower order can be calculated from the generated data ( Lower order) aberration. As already explained, lower order aberrations such as unfocused, spherical aberration and cylindrical p〇wer can also be obtained from data generated using a photodetector device and a focused image. For convenience and economy, the array is preferably flat and unbent to conform to the curvature of the natural retina. In the case of small arrays, any resulting error can be ignored. By using the above-described repeated motion through the focus, the error obtained using a larger planar array can be reduced. However, in either case, it is preferred to ensure that the array faces the second half of the crystal, the model eye node 201119621 or the center of retinal curvature at various locations. In addition to preferably approximating the size of the fovea of the human eye, the 'light' is preferably (as far as practicable) has an 8 degree resolution of the laurel in the central fossa of the eye (in terms of pixel density) ), which is equivalent to a pixel size of about 1_1·5μ, but the pixel size is still far greater than this. Although the 'single-pixel' device can be used, but if the pixel size is too small, their use capacity is _ or laborious, and if the pixel size is too large, the resolution is lacking. The image signal output from the two-dimensional array is used for the month of the month, and the information can be processed, analyzed and processed by the traditional image processing technology, so that the curvature of the field of view can be determined quickly, and by Using traditional software processor components, image quality at any position on the retina corridor of interest, and the indefinite force (four) of the injecting power can be displayed, recorded, and analyzed. Such a photodetector device can also be used to analyze stray light at other locations in the back of the die. Finally, the photodetector device can include a fiber optic bundle that extends into the retinal region of the human body and that is coupled to a photosensor (such as a photodetector array) that replaces the self-viewing network region. However, the photosensitive device may be or include a reflection table Φ that may be configured to reflect a portion of the test image, in the image feed field type eye, and after evaluation by conventional refraction analysis or wavefront instrument located in front of the model eye, as already stated, The photographic wire can include a point source emitter capable of illuminating the back of the model crystal from anywhere on the retina rim, thereby providing a way to explore the front of the model by using a wavefront analysis located in front of the model eye or system. Wavetec (4) Unique Method 1 Light Source 11 201119621 Think of an LED, a laser diode or a fiber tip with a suitable pinhole aperture (if necessary. Finally, the device can include light detection that is closely spaced from each other within a known distance) The array of 'reflectors and/or light sources, so any / can be selected and placed correctly in the retina area. Although the desired model's front end, including optically realistic cornea, iris and crystal ( Or test IOL), the model eye 'back end, preferably does not include the physically correct posterior eye or any conventional retinal surface. The movable photosensitive device is preferably located around the body after being protected from light so that it moves in the retina region as desired. Preferably, the rear surrounding body contains the optical dispersion of the natural eye glass body. Liquid of the object. When such a liquid is used, the device is effectively immersed therein and moved therein. If the peripheral wall of the crucible has sufficient elasticity or flexibility to allow the device to move within the region as desired, then The body may be smaller than the retinal area of interest. Alternatively, the surrounding body edge may be hard and large enough to (1) include the entire region of interest (9) to allow the device to move completely therein, and (iii) Fenner To support the components of the mobile device. However, preferably, the surrounding body is only the "elastic bladder" and the device is sealed to the rear end of the towel, so that it will be immersed in any liquid around the body, and from the device secret The human/output line or fiber is easily reached by the surrounding body. As described above, the photosensitive device is preferably a processor controlled actuator read support and movement. In the _ type, this can be - universal Robotic arm, which can be placed correctly in the area of the retina or near the area of the retina or in fact - can control the robotic arm from any position in the model eye node in any place of interest in the posterior or in the eye Or facing the device at the center of curvature of the retina 12 201119621, and should be able to hold it stably for a long period of time. Such an actuator element is preferably also controllable when needed to perform the retina Reciprocating movement through the focus at various locations in the region. Although the entire region of the retina of interest can be covered in this manner (with most of the surrounding body), such a universal 33 robotic arm is often expensive. An economical actuator element can be provided in accordance with another aspect of the invention that is oriented by the restriction device. For example, where there is only a focus on the axis near the center of the retina, the device can be mounted and axially Align with the - branch (four) of the linear actuator. The support arm can be mounted on a rotary-rotary actuator, which is arranged to be, in the arc-shaped movement of the device---(4) β-included shaft, plus the focus system is sufficient. Photon ϋ water crystal, node or model eye imagined retinal curvature: and, where the symmetrical retinal contour system is not rotating, the above-mentioned plane arc configuration and corresponding to the - series of warp (bribery idia) 2 视网膜 section of the retina, it can be simulated quickly. Modification of water: end two symmetry or their orientation relative to the optical axis, or the asymmetry of the model eye, can also be manipulated with a planar approach, rotating the front module relative to the rear of the model eye around the optical axis Between the optical axis 2: imagined as the three-dimensional empty door of the interesting visual network, symmetrical (but not necessarily spherical), only the feeling and including the single-arc l-net profile - cross section The quadrant will be necessary, and. The retinal region of the sinking and % plane quadrants is normally sufficient. 13 201119621 It is desirable that the front end modules used in the model eye and system of the present invention are optically realistic, wherein their critical dimensions and optical properties are practically Similar to natural eyes, such realistic correction modalities can be tested. For example, it is desirable that the shape of the anterior corneal surface be properly reshaped so that it can be used to produce contact lenses. The posterior surface of the cornea can also follow the simulated iris and model

The crystals are properly remade. However, what is desired is that the crystal can be replaced by the test 吣L. Such a front end module will have a separate front cavity filled with a liquid representing the aqueous clear liquid, or it may be formed to share the liquid of the rear cavity when liquid is to be used. Knife On the other hand, the present invention relates to a model eye system that is optically representative of natural eyes and that is suitable for invisible, shank and intraocular lenses or to simulate natural corneas that have been reshaped by various techniques. The model eye preferably has a front end module and a rear surrounding body. The predecessor group mounts the model cornea, the iris and the water crystal at appropriate intervals on a common optical axis, and the surrounding body at least partially surrounds the retina area in the retina area. The optical image of the model eye can be carried by a sensory device that includes a photosensitive device that can be moved within the area of the retina to detect or reflect at least a portion of the image formed therein for viewing, analysis, or fortune. Preferably, the front mold' can be rotated about the optical axis relative to the rear surrounding body. In another aspect, the invention relates to a method of generating an image of a test object in a model eye area, and a device for moving the sensor from the retina or to another position at each location: t. A method of viewing, evaluating, processing, or analyzing images. ^ Going may additionally involve moving or reciprocating the device at various locations, preferably = 201119621 to and/or from the node of the model eye, and the resulting portion of the image being processed to determine the best focus position for that location. The method may also include taking the coordinates of the view contour from the computer memory, controlling the money device to move the device to the position having the (4) mark, and observing or recording the image portion at the position of the ', ', (if Some words). The method also includes using an actuator element to support and move the device and 'preferably, using a rotary actuation n to rotate the device, using a linear actuator that rotates to move the device forward and backward reciprocally and The resulting portion of the image is processed to determine the location of the best focus of the device at various locations within the retinal region $. Moreover, the above method may additionally involve recursively rotating the front end optical module of the model eye or system, and repeating or multiple steps for each of the above-described incremental steps. A brief description of the diagram 刁, think circle 1 is the horizontal distance between the human eye string arc and the off-axis incident beam. The 9th to 2d images show the basics of the various aspects of the idealized model eye. Figure 2a shows the model eye wearing the contact lens and showing the spherical retinal area with the majority of the contours, and the 2b_2e chart - Retina p looking for >埯 — - Some different types and photosensitive devices can be moved in different ways. The diagram is a schematic cross-sectional elevation view of a solid model eye or system, a first example of the application of the invention. 'Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of a part of the model eye or system of Fig. 3, and there is no other photosensitive device. Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of an optical instrument including another example of a model eye system. . , similar to the 3rd _ _ eye of the replaceable and rotatable 'front end, the module's money to take «, which shows the fairy (4) incident light ray is limited to the cornea (and corresponding retinal area), 帛 6a, Figures 6b and 6c show the plan views of the three masks. [Embodiment J] Description of Embodiments Fig. 1 is an idealized schematic cross-sectional view of a human left eye 1 , having a cornea 12, an iris 14, a crystal 16 , a retina 18 and an optical axis 2 , and a ball or eye 10 The midline between the wall or sclera (denoted as 22) and the individual's eyes (expressed as 23^ retina 18 forms a layer on the inside of the dorsal (posterior) portion of the eye 10, and the lens 16 is the ciliary band 24 from the sclera 22 (suspension ligament) Supported. The retina 18 includes a small central portion 26 containing a base or retinal fovea and a large peripheral region 28 (indicated by thick lines). The anterior chamber 30 is located on the front (front) surface 32 of the crystal 16 and the posterior (back) surface 34 of the cornea 12. Between the irises 14 is located in the anterior chamber 3'' which is filled with a transparent aqueous fluid (not shown). The anterior chamber depth _ ACD- is approximately the axial distance between the posterior surface 34 of the cornea 12 and the plane of the iris 14. The posterior side of the posterior eye chamber 36 of the 10 is surrounded by the retina 18, the front side of which is the posterior surface 38 of the crystal 16 and the ciliary band 24 surrounds the body, and the sclera 22 surrounds the body between the retina 18 and the hydrocell 16. The inner glass is filled with transparent vitreous or transparent. Liquid (not shown). With pointing to the distance For a straight, on-axis gaze ideal or normal eye t, the central or paraxial beam 40 from a distant object will be brought to the focus of point f on the foveal fovea in the middle of the central portion 26 of the retina 18 to provide the ideal vision of 201119621 At the same time, the off-axis beam 42 from a distant object will be brought to the focus of point P in the periphery 28 of the view -18. When the gaze is toward the paraxial object 'the crystal 16' by changing shape (and optical ability) And adaptively bring the near-axial object to the point of the f-point and bring the near-off-axis object to the point of P in the _ 28. This ideal is in many eyes: unable to reach. _ myopia ('short The viewer, usually can bring objects on the paraxial to the f-focus, their adaptability cannot bring the objects on the far axis to the f-focus, but rather the objects are focused in front of the central retina (eg, point fm) The far-sighted person ('Long-sighted person') has the opposite problem. The near-axis object is focused on the rear of the central retina 26 (eg, at point fh). It is generally agreed that most of these errors are caused by (4) Cause; specifically, myopia is due to The length of the eye (length of the eye) is far-sighted due to insufficient length (eye length). "In the presbyopia, the retina area has the best rotation but the crystal adaptability is not enough to bring the paraxial image to the retina. Focus on the fovea, the image is focused on the back of the retina (as also at point fh). Smith et al. show the focus error in the outer circumference for the axial elongation of the retinal contour of the myopic eye (increased eye length) and hyperopia The axial shortening of the retinal contour is important. More specifically, the retinal contour of the myopic person (which is farsighted on the outer edge) tends to grow more axially relative to the rest of the eye, while the farsighted person (which is myopic on the outer edge) The retina profile tends to grow less axially. Therefore, Smith et al. suggest the use of a corrective lens that produces a focus field curvature (indicated by the dotted line cf) (for clarity only shows the temporal quadrant of the retina 26). Therefore, there is a need for a model eye that will quickly and correctly simulate the retinal shape of various abnormalities of 2011-1121 in myopia and hyperopia patients, and can determine the positive curvature of the surrounding focal field of view provided by the 'anti-myopia' bridge lens. . In addition, there is a need for a model eye that mimics presbyopia, which is common to people over the age of 45. For the prior art physical model eye that the applicant is familiar with, the above requirements are beyond their capabilities. In Fig. 1, the focus error at the points fm, fh, and ph and the curvature of field cf have been greatly enlarged, and the paths of the paraxial and ambient beams 40 and 42 have been greatly simplified, as at the interfaces 32 and 38 of the crystal 16 The refraction does not show 'but the first figure shows (1) that the incident peripheral angle α formed by the central ray 42a of the off-axis beam 42 and the optical axis 20 is different from the peripheral angle β of the central ray 42b in the eye, and (ii) theoretically, the surrounding center Both the ray 42a and the central central ray 40a pass through a common node 41 of the eye 1 位 located on the optical axis 20 within the crystal 16 . For convenience, it is generally assumed that the node of the eye is at the intersection of the plane of the iris 14 and the optical axis 20, as indicated by 41a, but the node assumptions are insignificant to the present invention. Since the same angle β is difficult to measure so far, the angle of incidence α of the ambient light will be used unless otherwise stated. [The present invention will now substantially accelerate the accurate measurement of the inner peripheral angle β. Although the optical axis 20 of the eye 10 is assumed to pass centrally through the cornea 12 and the foveal fovea 26, the geometrical axis of the substantially spherical sclera 22 (partially indicated at 43 in Figure 1) is not complete with the optical axis 20 of the human eye. Coincidence, such that the geometric center 44 of the eye 1 is not exactly positioned on the optical axis 20. Moreover, the contour of the natural reticulum 18 is not completely spherical, so it is not rotationally symmetrical about the optical axis or the geometric axis. As mentioned earlier, for example, the myopic retina is more oblate than the 18 201119621 hyperopic retina. Draw from the geometric center 44 to the point on the spherical retina 18! The 'radius' and the angle relative to the geometry axis are expressed as the pole angle θ. For the purposes of the present invention, the center of curvature 44 of the retina (whether or not the pseudo S history is slightly offset from the axis, as indicated at 44) can be considered as another node of the eye. Finally, it should be noted that in humans, the length of the maximum distance between the normal eye-chord arcs (i.e., the distance from the corneal anterior surface 35 to the central fovea 26 along the optical axis 2〇) is about 22.6 mm, and the anterior corneal surface 35 The light extraction distance to the point 41 is about 5.6 mm, and the anterior chamber depth (ACD) from the posterior corneal surface 34 to the node 41a is about 3 mm on average. Although the central fossa of the retina is about 2 mm in diameter, the retina covers about 70% of the inside of the sclera of the posterior cavity (the diameter of which is about 22 mm). Thus, the area of the retina is much larger than that shown in Figure 1, which is intended to represent the area of interest for anti-myopia lens design. Figure 2a-2e shows the concept of the retinal membrane region of the reference idealized basic model eye 〇α. In these figures, the elements common to the natural eye 第 of Fig. 1 are denoted by the same component number, but the subscript has an ‘a,. As will be appreciated, the simulated cornea 12a can be a solid lens rather than a meniscus lens as shown. The iris 14 can be a simple aperture disk and the crystal 16 can be an IOL under test. It is convenient to arrange the model eye l〇a such that its optical axis 20a is vertical and the simulated cornea 12a is at the top to allow the test contact lens 45 to be placed on the front surface of the cornea 12a in a properly aligned manner (eg It is well known to those skilled in the art, and it is convenient to construct the model eye so that the cornea, iris and lens are mounted in the V replacement 'front end' module to allow, for example, to simulate old or young eyes and simulate various corneas. External graphics, different IOLs and some eye 19 201119621 pathology. Of course, a properly arranged test glass lens (not shown) can replace the s-type contact lens 45. What is to be known is that 'the center of the object in the field of view of the model eye 10a and the surrounding image are shackled, normal or sick when taken at a position measured or envisioned with the focus of the retina 18a contour. For example, referring to the i-th image, the image on one axis is intended to determine the exact position of the point f, fm or fh, and in the case of the off-axis image, the 'relevant position is to know the specific focus such as p and the position of the punch. And the field of view rim curvature cf in both the auxiliary and unassisted model eyes. Furthermore, since the detector or reflector is moved back and forth to pass the focus, the point of the best focus can be determined, so the area before or after each point is also involved. Therefore, in the model eye of Fig. 2a, there is a substantially spherical and cup-shaped viewing area 46, which includes (1) the position and contour of the normal or 彳Lx of the normal viewing plate, and (9) the abnormal retina is measured or Hypothetical location and contour, such as the abnormal retina 18m of a myopic person in dashed lines or the abnormal retina i8h of a hyperopic person, (10) due to the model eye l〇a other optical components (such as the cornea) 2a, iris* and crystal Focus error and aberration caused by New (10), (4) Image shift, improvement or decomposition caused by corrective lens or simulated corneal molding, (v) Position of point of specific focus, such as those confirmed by the figure, (10) (4) The curvature of the field of view with the unassisted model eye, and (vii) the small area or layer in front of and behind all the points and contours necessary to pass the focus. Therefore, most generally, the retinal area 46 can be considered a cup. The spherical outer casing / as shown in the & _ cross-sectional view. The invention relates to the use and movement anywhere in the retinal region 46 20 201119621 photosensitive device (preferably small), photosensitive device Figure 2a is generally indicated as 'pD'. The device can be moved more widely in the natural eye 'back cavity' 36a in the presence or absence of a simulated glass-like liquid. The device ρ preferably has sensitization a region similar to the area of the fovea of the natural eye. Whether the device PD is a photosensor battery array (such as a CCD or wafer) or a light reflector that mimics the nature of natural retinal reflection, it is desirable

The face-node (41 or 41a' Fig. 1) is either configured to be cut with the retina zone Z to face the node (transfer center) 44a. The light emitter, the vehicle location light source will normally be guided at nodes 41 and 41a to illuminate the back of the crystal (10), but this may vary via actuator elements (which will be described). The photodetector device can be used to estimate the quality of a small part of the κ image, the light reflection ϋ can be used to calibrate a refractometer or wavefront device for checking natural eyes, and for a narrow beam light emitter. The component that optically aligns the model eye l〇a during calibration or setup; the point source light emitter can be used for single-pass technology when utilizing the optical properties of the front end of the nucleus of a wavefront analyzer or similar instrument. Although it is important that the device pD moves within the area 46, it is not necessarily limited thereto. Figure 2b-2e shows various retinal areas and devices (for clarity)

The various ways in which the retinal region and the posterior pericardium 36a can be moved are not separately identified in the 'I I 乂 2 pattern. The simplest is that the short linear region 46b' of Figure 2b extends axially forward or backward of the foveal fovea 26a. As indicated by arrow 47b in Fig. 2b, the device moves linearly and axially through the focus only at the front or rear (forward and backward) at or near the center of the simulated natural ophthalmic film. It can be seen from Fig. 2a that, for this purpose, the device will be cross-cutted. 21 201119621 j^r 13⁄43⁄4 . ^ Retinal contours of interest, such as 18a, 18m and 18h in Figure 2a. Although the region 46b is thus regarded as a narrow two-dimensional line, the braking is preferably a short three-circle (four) of the diameter of the central fossa of the retina centered on the axis 2〇a because it is desirable that the device can be from the axis 20a Move slightly laterally to detect the focus of the central fossa of the retina, rather than moving accurately on the axis. In Fig. 2C, the ruthenium membrane region 46c can be regarded as a thin arc or a curved band, wherein the arrow 7c represents the subsequent radial movement through the focus and the circumferential movement within one quadrant, or, arbitrarily, also in the opposite quadrant - Such as the dotted line 46c, and the arrow 47c, the household is not a single. The right hypothesis is that the retinal contour of interest is rotationally symmetric about the axis 20a (not necessarily spherical), and the data generated by the job only in the single-quadrant can be deduced to represent the entire 3 d cup of Figure 2a. Retinal area 4 6 . The asymmetry of the test lens and the corners will usually be the front end of the transmissive eye around the optical axis p (including the model membrane, iris and crystal) and the increase in the retinal area or along the way The shoulder mask contour is reconciled to ease. Arrow 47. ,, want to show this kind of rotation. The retinal regions 46d and 46e (Figs. 2d and 2e, respectively), however, do not make any assumptions about the rotational symmetry of the shell of the Wang-V. The set of arrows (Fig. 2d) indicates that the device can be moved back and forth (to pass the focus) and curved in any direction to locate anywhere within the area. Moreover, the shaft 2e_device can also be placed anywhere within the retinal region 46e having substantially (four) geometry, which is assumed to be mounted on any set of Cartesian coordinates that can be moved directly into the three-dimensional retinal region ( Or (4) standard) on the shooting arm, and optionally, the moving space outside the inner region 46e of the posterior eye 36a is far wider. Arrow 22 201119621 The head group We want to express this phenomenon. In any of the retinal regions (46b-46e) described above, the photosensitive device is preferably also moved by a computer-controlled actuator, and it will be understood that the retinal region and its particular retinal contour (as in Figures 2a, 18a, 18m and 18h) The boundary between the two is not expected to see the real physical entity that can be confirmed by Real. It has been found that in order to assess retinal shape, contact lenses, glass lenses and/or I 〇 Ls, the implementation of the single or two-quadrant planar curved retina region 46C / 46c is the most cost effective. As indicated above, the non-rotationally symmetrical retinal contour can be compensated for by using a series of wheel-grinding cuts and a series of scans of them. Asymmetric invisible or glass lenses are evaluated by incrementally rotating around the optical axis and scanning with the sensitized «IL. The asymmetric cornea or I 〇 L is evaluated by incrementally rotating the front end module (which is placed therein) around the optical axis and scanning at each increment. Model eyes and models using single or two quadrants of the retinal region of Figure 2c are illustrated with reference to Figures 3-6. Referring to Figure 3, the solid model eye 5 of this example is shown as a cross-sectional view to represent its underlying components. They are mounting rings 52 for holding the simulated cornea 54, the iris 56, and the model lens or IOL 58. In this example, the lens 58 is formed of solid glass or plastic to have the typical function of a natural human crystal, and the iris 56 can be a simple replaceable aperture disk containing a fixed size central hole or pupil 6 ,, and the cornea 54 is correctly Machined or molded with a meniscus lens with realistic front and back contours. The front chamber 62 can be filled with a liquid (not shown) to simulate a watery clear liquid. In this example, the photosensitive device (generally indicated as 64) 23 201119621 includes a photodetector array 65 mounted on the base 66, as shown in Fig. 3, the base being disposed on the optical axis 68 of the model eye 50. In this example, the cornea 54, the pupil 6〇, and the lens 58 are substantially the same size, and the distance between them is about the same as the distance between the natural human eye corresponding component and the anterior chamber depth (ACD diagram). The maximum length between the chords is roughly equal to the corresponding size of the natural eye. The model eye 5 〇 has - = two grounds represented by a dotted line 69, which is in line with the natural human eye, and the eye 5 is in Fig. 3, and the retina region is 7 〇. After the burning of Zhao 72 by the tubular, elastic and corrugated tube 4; ^ formed 'the envelope of 笤ρπ ώ from. Qiao 襄 73 74 of the majority of eight, 壹 7 eyes (1 〇, Figure 1) normal The posterior eye knife 3 is sealed at its top 76 to the mounting ring 52 and n = sealed to the device base 66. For example, the bottom 78 of the capsule 73 can be connected to the arc to move 'to _, and the device 64 is obtained from the center of curvature of the screen in this manner (not: moving inside the ' while facing The area facing the area 70 - and the cornea Μ: arrow 82 indicates that the device 64 is also movable to the mirror 64 in the retina area " or the quality of the image obtained by the placement device is predetermined on the retina temple (not shown), and ^ When this is hidden on the gold plaque, or 'when the optical effect of the contact lens (not shown) placed on the top of the cornea is the object of exploration, the evaporation of the display). ° Configured above the cornea 54 to reduce tear fluid (not in this example 'the field is placed on the cornea 54 when the camera unit is placed on the shaft 68 on the shaft 68 above the model eye 5〇 to record the test contact lens Image (not shown in Figure 3, but shown in Figure 6). From this image, the compliance, centering, and warp position of the test contact lens can be determined, confirmed, and/or recorded. It is particularly advantageous to have test lenses with significant magnification changes such as concentric and transitional bifocal, multifocal, 'anti-myopia, and toric contact lenses. Presenting test images to the eye The method on the 5th is to use the test object or landscape in the field of view 69 as the one used to test the visual acuity type of the human eye is not hanged, but replaces or in addition to the wall chart 91 The other test objects in 69 can be arranged at different distances and angles. The light reflected from the picture tf91 is axially pointed by the mirror or beam splitter into the right of the eye. The mirror or beam splitter 92 can Arrow 93 indicates that the test object in the turn, the left, and the test object change the field of view. The use of near and far two objects in the field of view 'shown in the third _ configuration is particularly useful for the flattening of the bifocal contact lens. During alignment or calibration using camera unit 87, mirror or beam splitter 92 will normally be removed.] Figure 4 reproduces Figure 3 and surrounds the lower end of body 72 to show that it can be used

1 ISI diagram device 64 replaces the multifunctional photosensitive device 94. Here, the change 94 includes a photodetector array 95, a reflector %, and a solid-state point photo illuminator 97. Because the distance between the three photosensitive devices is known to be movable to where it is in line with the optical axis 68 and zeroed there, so that it can be accurately moved to any desired position within the retinal region 7 . Of course, when selected, light source 97 will only be activated and moved to position, 25 201119621 and when it has been selected and moved to position, only data from array 95 will be collected. Similarly, when it is used with an external optical instrument (such as a refractometer or wavefront analyzer 88), the reflector 96 will only move to position, and when the external optical instrument replaces the camera unit 87, it will interrogate. The beam enters the eye and compares the light reflected from the reflector or backscattered with the query beam. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, such an instrument can be angled relative to optical axis 68, as indicated by arrow 89 in FIG. In another configuration, the 'photodetector array 95 is activated and properly placed'. The external optical instrument 88 can be a point source that directs light into the model eye, such that the data generated using the array 95 can determine the higher front end of the eye. Level aberrations (with or without corrective lenses in the correct position). This has the benefit of a single-pass technique rather than the refractometer and the double-pass technique used by the wavefront analyzer. Fig. 5 shows a model eye system 1 of the model eye 5G and the camera/alignment unit 87 and the beam splitter 92 of Fig. 3. The system preferably includes a computer-processor PC including a controller c, an image processor ιρ "remembered M, a display D, and an input-output interface 1/〇, through an input/output interface' computer-processor The PC is connected to the mechanical implant of the model eye system (4). The controller C is connected to the actuator of the mobile device secret 9 via the interface !//. (will be broken). Recording Μ Μ Storage related (4) material and reference retina and image processing W Difficult images touch the lion. Stored: The control program and the view contour can be controlled by (4) ι/(^ actuators and the resulting image and position data (returned via the interface ι/〇 in the memory (4) Μ and/or (4) (4) Image Processing 26 201119621 ^ Analysis and processing. The computer-processor pc can therefore monitor and control the system's important functions, including the operation of the camera unit 87 or the instrument 88, if desired. The crucible has a bracket 1〇2 including a horizontal base 1〇4 and a vertical back 106 fixedly secured to the base 104. The swivel actuator is mounted on the back Μ〇6 to support the slider base 110, which in turn carries The support arm 114 is mounted thereon The moving member U2, the arm 114 containing the horizontal portion of the fresh photosensitive device 64/94 base P (shown as a broken lead wire, which is not visible in Fig. 5) and attached to the vertical portion 116 of the slider 112. The member 112 moves back and forth to the convertible slider base UGi with a linear actuation n in mounted on the slider base # H0. The rotary actuators are arranged such that the known rotational axis 118 is level and passes through the mold 50 The node (Fig. 41 41a or 44) is independent of the vertical position of the device base 66 with respect to the axis 118 set by the linear actuator 117. The mounting ring 52 of the model eye 50 not seen in Fig. 3)) Located at the base of the bracket 122 fixed to the base of the bracket | 12 〇 inside, the top of the ring 52 of the model eye 5 及 and the cornea are covered by the cover 84. The mirror 92 is mounted on the arm 12 of the bracket 122 above the cover 84 〇 The double-headed arrow c of the crime-related actuating 108 and 117, the photosensitive device base 66 and the large double-headed arrow m near the interface 1/0 indicate the two-way connection to and from the computer processor PC. It will be understood that the computer-handling The actuators 1G8 and 117 can be quickly programmed to shake the support arm 114 about the shaft 118 and mount the photosensitive member The set (64/94) is placed at a predetermined position within the retina region (70, Fig. 3) of the model eye 5, and then the linear actuator 27 201119621 U7 is controlled to move the device back and forth on the slider 112 to pass the focus. The retinal region 70 is assumed to be rotationally symmetric about the optical axis 68, and the profile path will be sufficient to define the entire three-dimensional network region 7G. The cornea and the lens (54 and 58' Figure 3) are placed on the cornea. The contact lens is rotationally symmetrical about the optical axis 68. The two-dimensional path is sufficient for the image (4) collision in the three-dimensional spherical retinal region (10), and if desired, relative to the memory M _ Non-rotationally symmetrical ^ retina profile. The portion of the retinal region examined using system 100 will vary depending on the interest of the study, as already discussed in the discussion of Figures 2a-2d. Those who are only interested in the design performance of the multifocal spectacles or the muscle S for the central line of sight may be lacking in interest in surrounding image quality when the circumference of the human shot is greater than about 15 degrees. On the other hand, those who care about the progress of research and the design and manufacture of anti-myopia lenses will feel very much about the natural nature of the surrounding images or the stereoscopic angles of at least 3 inches and the quality of the central view. interest. For the later researchers, it is very useful to be able to map the curvature of the field of view of a given model eye and artificial lens in the surrounding retina, and compare the mapping with the advance. It is also very useful to use the measurement of the _ _ state map as a reference to a specific retinal contour produced by measurement, theory or calculation and stored in the memory Μ as a reference data. Many additional retinal contours, such as decentering, asymmetry, eye length, etc., presenting various pathologies or abnormalities from the ship, can be generated and stored in this manner for comparison or use. Although the device 64/94 is substantially planarly curved in the movement of the model m cheng n touch towel 28 201119621, which extends on either side of the optical axis 68 of the single warp, this does not mean that only the rotationally symmetric three-dimensional retina The contour can be simulated. As described with reference to Figures 2a-2d, the coordinates of any three-dimensional asymmetric retinal contour can be stored in a memory cartridge and used by a (computer_processor PC) to generate a series of contour sections to increase the warp. Or refer to the movement of the device 64/94 in the repeated scanning movement. Similarly, the system 1 is not limited to testing rotationally symmetric contact lenses, glass lenses or IOLs if they can be incrementally rotated about the optical axis 68. First, the device 64/94 can be moved along the predetermined retinal contour or path on either side of the shaft 68 so that any asymmetry in the test lens movement will be detected and quantified. The second 'test lens can be incrementally rotated relative to the model eye 50, and the device moves above its curved path as each time increases. But this is laborious and error-prone in testing the alignment of the crystal. Furthermore, in order to quantify the effects of asymmetry on, for example, testing the cornea or IOL, the front end of the model eye must be disassembled and reorganized for incremental rotation of the associated components. However, various modifications can be made to the system 1 to more easily illustrate the asymmetry of the cornea or i〇L, and in the case of rotational symmetry of these lines, it is more convenient to illustrate the absence of the test glass or contact lens. symmetry. According to a variant of the system of Fig. 5, the entire model eye (5〇) can be rotatably mounted in the cradle 122 and rotated by the appropriate rotation of the computer processor PC (not riding) around the optical axis . The preferred money branch is only the mounting ring 52 in the rotating sunroof 122 and the swivel joint that provides a watertight seal around the top 76 or bottom 78 of the body 72 (Fig. 3). However, optimally, in order to use a replaceable and rotatable front end module, as shown in Fig. 6, its dam 29 201119621 gives the model eye system 100 greater utility. Referring to FIG. 6, the model eye 50 and/or the mounting ring 52 of the system 100 are modified by forming an annular recess to place the replaceable front end module 150, and a suitable configuration is provided to ensure the bottom of the module 150 and the ring 52. The joints are fluidly sealed. The module 150 basically includes a lens tube 154 in which a model lens or test IOL 156, an iris diaphragm disk 158, and a cornea 160 are mounted in the lens tube 154. The module 15 can also conveniently include a protective cover 164 (having the same function as the cover 84 described with reference to Figure 3) and a masking disc 166 preferably mounted within the cover 164 (as shown in Figure 6). , but it can also be placed only on top of it. [The function of the mask 166 will be described below. The contact lens 168 for evaluation is shown placed on the cornea 160. Such a module can be conveniently pre-assembled at a location remote from the model eye 50 and/or other components of the system 1 such that all of the optical components can be properly aligned and spaced. If desired, the anterior chamber 17A between the crystal 156 and the cornea 160 can be pre-filled with a liquid (not shown) representing the aqueous clear liquid of the natural eye. The module 15 can be quickly attached to and removed from the mounting ring 52 such that, for example, the iris disk 158 or mask 166 can be replaced and the module is returned for use by the next set of measuring instruments of the system 100. . Moreover, the module 15 can be rotated in an accurate and convenient manner around the optical axis 68 using the scale marked on the outside of the lens tube 154 and the reference & number on the mounting ring 52, which are collectively designated 172. This makes it possible to model the precise and repetitive rotational orientation of the module 15 and the test cell 168 in the system eye 168, which is important where the aquarium 168 is asymmetrical or off-center. However, in addition to being able to easily combine or change the optical components of the module 150 away from the other parts of the system 1 201119621, a quick replaceable front end module can greatly speed up the evaluation process of the test crystal 168. . The front end module may include, for example, a plurality of pre-combined and substantially identical modules' which differ from each other only in the size of the pupil, which is determined by the use of different iris disks 158 in different modules. Thus, a series of pupil sizes for testing the crystal 168 can be quickly evaluated without the need to disassemble any modules. Similarly, in the case where the crystal 156 is evaluated for i〇l, a set of front end modules can be made using the same test IOLs but with varying variations of alignment errors and different pupil sizes (if desired). Modules representing various pathologies can also be pre-made for assessing corrected glasses, contact lenses or corneal shapes. Examples of such 'pathological modules' are those having a hyperopic crystal shape, a keratoconus or a spherical cornea shape, and those having ACDs representing glaucoma. The use of the mask 166 (shown in plan view in the figure) and the other masks 174 (Fig. 6b) and 176 (Fig. 6c) are used to test the lens or to evaluate the retina profile in order to select incident light or beam. The image at the special location will now be described in detail. The mask 166 is a ring shield containing a surrounding transparent ring m which allows only the thin circular annular corneas 16 and i〇u 56 to be seen. As shown in Fig. 6, the selected person shoots the paraxial ray a and the surrounding off-axis ray b through the mask 166 to produce an image for analysis in the central and surrounding visual field difficulties (respectively). Figure 6a shows the ring mask plan 166, while Figure 6b shows another green material 174, which also allows the button to enter the mode "system pair, but only in the warp and quadrant. Another slit mask m is shown in the figure, which is used to place incident light (four) on the same line 31 201119621 line or quadrant, as in device 64 (Fig. 3). It will be appreciated that these modifications allow the rotation of the front end of the model eye such that the front end of the model eye can be rotated in a stepwise manner about the optical axis 68, and that in each rotation step, the device 64 moves from one position to another along its arc. The position is scanned so that, at various locations, the location of the imaged portion and/or the location of the best focus can be captured. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many other modifications and other embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The features and scope of the invention are described above and defined in the following application. In the scope of patents. I: Brief description of the diagram 3 Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the maximum distance between the arcs of human eyes, showing the incident beam from the axis and off-axis. Figures 2a through 2d show basic cross-sectional views of the various aspects of the idealized model eye. Figure 2a shows a model eye wearing a contact lens and showing a spherical retinal area containing a majority of the retina profile, while Figure 2b-2e shows some different types of retinal areas and different ways in which the photosensitive device can move. . Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation view of a solid model eye or system that is a first example of an inventive application. Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation view of a portion of the model eye or system of Figure 3 showing another photosensitive device. Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of an optical instrument including another example of a model eye system. 32 201119621 Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation view of an alternative and rotatable 'front end' module similar to the model eye of Figure 3, which also shows the use of a mask to confine the incident radiation to the cornea (and corresponding retinal area) The specific zones, 6a, 6b and 6c are plan views of the three types of masks. [Description of main component symbols] 10... Eye 28... Large surrounding area 10a... Model eye 30... Eye anterior chamber 12... Cornea 32... Front surface 12a... Cornea 34... Rear surface 14...Iris 35...Front surface 14a...Iris 36...Back eye 16...Hydrocrystal 36a...Back eye 16a...Hydrocrystal 38...Back surface 18... Retina 40...light beam 18a...retina 40a...light beam 18h...retina 41...node 18m...retina 41a...node 20...optical axis 42...beam 20a...optical axis 42a.. Light beam 22... sclera 42b··. beam 23... center line 43... geometry axis 24... eye strip 44... curvature center 26... retinal fovea 44a··. curvature center 26a.. Retinal fovea 45... Contact lens 33 201119621 46... Retinal area 74... posterior eye chamber 46b... retina area 72... posterior surrounding body 46c... retina area 73... capsule 46d.. Retina area 76... Top 46e... Retina area 78... Bottom 47b... Arrow 80... Arrow 47c... Arrow 82... Arrow 47c'...Arrow 84... Cover 47c"....arrow 86... top 47d...arrow 87... camera unit 47e...arrow 88... refractometer 50...real Model eye 89... Arrow 52... Mounting ring 91... Wall chart 54... Cornea 92... Mirror 56... Iris 93... Arrow 58... IOL 94... Photosensitive device 60. .. pupil 95... photodetector array 62... front cavity 96... reflector 64... photosensitive device 97... illuminator 66... base 100.. model eye system 68 ...optical axis 102... bracket 69... field of view 104.. base 70... retina area 106... back 72... rear surrounding body 108.. actuator 34 201119621 110.. Base 156...test IOL 112...slider 158...iris disk 114...support arm 160·.corneal 115...horizontal portion 162...pad ring 116...vertical portion 164 ...protection cover 117...actuator 166...mask 118...rotation shaft 168...contact lens 120...horizontal arm 170...front cavity 122...bay 172.·· Marker 124...double-headed arrow 174...mask 150...front end module 176...mask 154...lens tube 178...transparent ring 35

Claims (1)

201119621 Seven patent application scope: - with a - anterior corneal surface and a posterior retinal region 'where the external object image in the field of view can be brought to the focus: the coronal surface has a corneal surface and the longitudinal optical sensitivity of the retinal region I Positioning and laterally moving in the retinal region to detect a portion of the pattern formed by the sinusoidal region. 2. The model eye system of the ninth aspect of the patent application, wherein: The device is supported by the actuator member for axial and lateral movement to place the placement within the retinal region, and 4 is adapted to move the image portion of the photodetector and is within the region of the retina Each recording of the device produces an output of the (4) portion of the detected material. 3. The model eye system of claim 2, wherein: the output of the image processing n component is transferred and the data representing the detected image portion is rotated at each position of the 4 devices in the retina region. 4. The model (10) of claim 3, wherein: the actuation 11 member is adapted to reciprocate the device through a plurality of locations, and the image processor member is adapted to determine the most difficult location and The output shows the best focus data for the best focus location. The model eye system of claim 3, wherein: the controller member is coupled to the actuator member and is adapted to control the actuator member 36 201119621 to move the device to a connection in the retinal region Position, the image processor component is adapted to calculate a curvature of the focus field of view from the best focus point of the device in the retinal field of view and output data indicative of the curvature of the field of view. 6. The model eye system of claim 3, wherein: a memory member is provided to store a spatial coordinate of a retina profile located within the retinal region, the controller member being coupled to the actuator member and coupled to the memory member, The controller member is adapted to control the actuator member to move the device to a predetermined position within the retinal region, the position having a spatial coordinate at a point on the contour of the retina, and the image processor member being adapted to output The predetermined position on the contour of the retina represents the data of the detected image portion. 7. The model eye system of any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein: the actuator member comprises a rotary actuator adapted to move the device in an arcuate manner about a rotational axis, The axis of rotation substantially intersects the optical axis at or near a node of the model eye system. 8. The model eye system of any of claims 2 to 7, wherein: the actuator member comprises a linear actuator adapted to reciprocate the device across the retinal region toward and away from the corneal surface . 9. The model eye system of claim 8 wherein: the linear actuator is supported by the rotary actuator for arcuate movement with the device about the rotational axis, and the rotary actuator and The linear actuators together enable the device to be laterally and axially moved within the retina region of the 37 201119621. Ίο. The model eye system of any one of claims 帛i to 9, wherein: the rear surrounding body surrounds at least a portion of the retinal region, and the surrounding surrounding body is adapted to maintain a liquid optically representative of the natural eye glassy liquid The surrounding body has a __ rear end in which the device is mounted such that when the liquid is held for the surrounding body, the device will be immersed in the liquid, and the surrounding body has a device for allowing the device to be in the retina region An elastic wall that moves inside. 11. The model eye system of any one of claims 2 to 1 wherein: the cornea, the iris and the crystal of the edge-to-end module are arranged on a common axis, and the module is adapted to be associated with the model eye. The optical axis of the system is mounted coaxially in the model eye system such that the module is rotatable about the optical axis. 12. The model eye system of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the device has a photosensitive region approximate to the central fossa region of the natural eye. 13. The model eye system of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: the device has a photosensitive region that is smaller than the retinal region. 14. The model eye system of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: the device has a photosensitive region having a transverse dimension of from about 1 mm to about 38 201119621 4 mm. 15. The model eye system of any one of claims 2 to 11, wherein the photodetector comprises a two-dimensional array of color sensors. 16. The model eye system of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the device comprises a light reflector arranged to reflect an image portion toward the surface of the cornea such that an optic is located in front of the surface of the cornea The instrument is capable of detecting the portion of the image. 17. The model eye system of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the device comprises a point source arranged to direct light toward the surface of the cornea to be placed in front of the surface of the cornea when energized An optical instrument is capable of detecting the light. 18. The model eye system of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the retinal region has one of the following shapes: substantially linear and extending along the optical axis, having a substantially planar orphan on a front side of the concave surface a shape that extends laterally and forwardly from the optical axis, a substantially spherical three-dimensional cup-shaped shell that is substantially centered on the optical axis. 19. A method of using a model eye comprising a anterior model corneal surface, an optical axis and an external field of view, the method comprising the steps of: placing a test object within the field of view within the retinal region behind the corneal surface Generating an image of the test object, axially and laterally moving a photosensitive device to a first position within the retinal region, and using the photosensitive device in the first position to reflect or detect the retina 39 201119621 region Part of the image. 20. The method of claim 19, comprising the steps of: reciprocating the device across the retinal region to cause a change in the image portion at the location, and processing the change to determine the image at the first location Part of the best focus location. 21. The method of claim 19, wherein the method comprises the steps of: placing a corrective lens for evaluation between the test article and the corneal surface such that the image portion at the first location is subjected to the correction The optical impact of the lens. 22. The method of any one of claims 19 to 21, comprising the steps of: placing an artificial crystal for evaluation between the corneal surface and the retinal region such that the image portion at the first location Subject to the optical properties of the artificial crystal. 23. The method of any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein the front surface of the model cornea is shaped to mimic the shape of a modified natural cornea for therapeutic or research purposes. 24. The method of any one of claims 19 to 23, comprising the steps of: moving the device laterally and/or circumferentially relative to the axis and within the retinal region to a plurality of consecutive positions at respective successive positions Detecting or reflecting the contiguous portion of the image, reciprocating the device across the retinal region at each successive location to induce a change in each individual contiguous portion of the image from 201119621, and to process the change to determine the location of its preferred focus, And using the best focus location determined by the various locations of the device to create a curvature profile of the focus field of view. 25. The method of any one of claims 19 to 24, comprising the step of: placing the photosensitive device within the retinal region using a known coordinate of a reference retinal contour located within the retinal region. 26. A method for producing image data from a model eye, the model eye having an optical axis and a front end module comprising an optically realistic model cornea, model iris and model crystallite axially arranged at intervals And the model eye has a rear surrounding body located behind the module and adapted to contain a liquid representing a natural eye glass-like liquid, the method comprising the steps of: using the module to project an optical image into the surrounding body The retinal region moves a photosensitive device axially and/or laterally within the retinal region to capture a portion of the projected image, the device being smaller than the posterior surrounding body and producing image data representative of the portion of the image. 27. The method of claim 26, comprising the steps of: rotating the module about the optical axis in a stepwise increase in rotation, and generating additional image data as the module is rotated incrementally. 28. A method of using an optically realistic model eye having an optical axis, the method comprising the steps of: 41 201119621 using an optical test instrument to project a test image into the retinal region of the model eye, moving a light reflector device a predetermined off-axis position in the retinal region to return the image of the reflected portion at the position back to the test instrument, and using the test instrument to compare the reflected portion of the test image with the projected test image to determine the model eye Optical properties. 29. A method of using an optically realistic model eye having an optical axis, the method comprising the steps of: projecting a point source into an area of the retina of the model eye using an optical test instrument, moving a photodetector device to the a predetermined off-axis position within the retina region for detecting an off-axis portion of the selected image at the location and outputting image data at the location, reciprocating the device relative to a node of the model eye while simultaneously The image data is output, and the image data is used to calculate the optical aberration of the model eye. 30. A method of using an optically realistic model eye having an optical axis, the method comprising the steps of: forming an image in a retinal region of the model eye, and moving a photodetector array axially and laterally A location in the retinal region to detect the portion of the image at the location, and to output image data representative of the detected portion of the image for viewing, evaluation or analysis. 31. An optically realistic model eye having an optical axis, comprising: 42 201119621 A replaceable module comprising: a blush (four) η ' _ _ iris and a rotatably arranged model of the surround 4 axis rotation 'Cell crystal' means a normal or pathological natural eye, a surrounding body, located behind the module and adapted to surround the retina area, wherein the external object image is brought to the focus in the area by the module, and The photosensitive device' can be moved within the surrounding body and retinal region and adapted to the fingerprint or reflective portion for viewing, processing or analysis. 32. The model eye system, as claimed in paragraph (1) (iv) of the patent application, has an optically realistic crystal, cornea and rainbow trout. 33. The model eye system of claim 32, wherein a retinal surface of the model eye is approximated by lateral and axial movement of the photosensitive device. 34. The model eye system of claim 1 to 15 and 33 is actually a physical size and has a field of view similar to the natural eye. 43