201118350 五、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種光編碼器裝置，且特別是有關於 一種具有高解析度之反射式光編碼器裝置。 【先前技術】 目前光編碼器（optical encoder)的應用趨勢朝向高解析 度發展。請參考第1圖，此圖為習知之反射式光編碼器的 剖面圖’反射式光編碼器100包含一基座1〇2、一光發射 器106、一光接收器108、一光學單元112及一物體12〇。 此光發射器106設置於基座1〇2之上，用以發射出光源訊 號。光接收器108設置於基座1〇2之上，與光發射器1〇6 並列。光學單元112包含一第一透鏡ii2a和第二透鏡 H2b，第一透鏡U2a對應於光發射器1〇6，第二透鏡112b 對應於光接收器108。物體120裝置於光學單元in的上 方’其可為反射式光學尺或光學圓盤。 在使用習知之反射式光編碼器時，由物體所反射回來 的光線，經過透鏡後並無法集中於光接收器上，因而會使 光編碼器的解析度受到影響。為了因應光編碼器高解析度 的需求，有必要提出一種改良式的反射式光編碼器。 【發明内容】 本發明之一態樣是在提供一種反射式光編碼器，可製 作尺寸較小但仍保有高解析度的產品。 201118350 本發明提出一種反射式光編碼器，適於偵測一物體， 上述之反射式光編碼器包含一支架、一光學單元、一光發 射器、一光接收器及一遮蔽體。光學單元具有一第一透鏡 及一第二透鏡’光發射器設置於支架上，適於發射一光線， 光發射器位於支架與第一透鏡之間，光發射器所發射之光 線適於穿透第一透鏡而被物體反射。光接收器設置於支架 上，光接收器位於支架與第二透鏡之間。遮蔽體設置於光 接收器與第二透鏡之間，遮蔽體以一光穿透區暴露出光接 Φ 收器，使得光接收器適於接收來自物體反射後並穿越第二 透鏡之光線，並且遮蔽體阻擋來自發射器發射並被光學單 元直接折射或反射之光線。 依據本發明之一實施實例，反射式光編碼器更包含一 透明樹脂’此透明樹脂係包覆支架、光學單元、光反射器 及光接收器。 依據本發明之一實施例，上述之光學單元之第一透鏡 及第二透鏡包括凹透鏡。 • 依據本發明之一實施例，上述之光接收器包括一光感 測晶片陣列，係由多個陣列排列之光感測晶片所組成。 依據本發明之一實施例，上述之光穿透區包括多個開 口，光感測晶片陣列之各光感測晶片對應各開口設置。 依據本發明之一實施例，上述之光發射器包括一發光 二極體。 依據本發明之一實施例，更包括一殼體，罩住透明樹 脂及光學單元。 201118350 【實施方式】 請參考第2A圖，此圖係依據本發明之一具體實施方 式所繪示之反射式光編碼器的剖面圖。依據本發明之一具 體實施例，反射式光編碼器200包含一基座202、一支架 204、一光發射器206、一光接收器208及一光學單元212。 依據本發明之一具體實施例，基座202用以支撐反射 式光編碼器200中之各項元件。此基座2〇2的材質可為塑 膠、金屬、或其它合適之材質。依據本發明之一具體實施 • 例’基座202的材質例如可為聚氣乙烯(？〇17乂丨町1冰1〇14(16; PVC)。請參考第2B圖，依據本發明之一實例，基座2〇2 中可設有一電路（未繪示）’藉由引腳23()以接收或發送外 部訊號。 支架204設於基座202上，包含一遮蔽體，遮蔽體具 有一下支撐段204a、一上支撐段204b、一連接段204c、一 遮蔽段204d和一光穿透區205。連接段2〇4c連接下支撐 段204a與上支撐段2〇4b，下支樓段204a位於基座的底部。 • 在此支架204的下支撐段204a上安裝有一光發射器2〇6, 其可經由支架204上之電極，與基座2〇2中的電路耦接， 用以接收經由電路所傳送來的外部訊號，並據以產生一光 線。在一實例中，此光發射器2〇6為發光二極體。在光發 射器206 —侧的支架2〇4的下支撐段2〇4a上還設有一光接 收器208，其同樣可經由支架204上之電極，與基座202 中的電路耦接。在此支架204的上支撐段204b具有一光穿 透區2〇5，位於光接收器208的正上方。於支架204上方 設有-光學單元212，此光學單元212具有複數個透鏡， 201118350 分別對應於光發射器206和光接收器208設置。 在一實例中’光學單元212包含第一透鏡212a和第二 透鏡212b。在一實例中，光發射器206正上方設有第一透 鏡212a，其用以發散由光發射器212a所產生之光線。在第 一透鏡212a —側設有一第二透鏡212b，係位於光穿透區 205與光接收器208正上方。在本實施例中，光發射器212a 所發射之光線穿透第一透鏡212a後會被一物體220反射， 而本發明之反射式光編碼器的遮蔽體係以光穿透區205暴 φ 露出光接收器208 ’使得光接收器208可以接收來自物體 220反射後並穿越第二透鏡212b之光線，而遮蔽體會阻檔 來自光發射器212a發射的光線，但被光學單元212折射或 是反射的光線。適合用於本發明之第一透鏡212a與第二透 鏡212b可為實質相同的透鏡。在一實例中，此第一透鏡 212a與第二透鏡212b包含凹透鏡。 在本發明另一實例中，光穿透區205例如是栅攔式， 其具有複數個開口 205a，這些開口與光接收器208的光感 • 測晶片為--對應。由於本發明加設一柵襴式光穿透區於 透鏡與光接收器之間，此柵攔式光穿透區可發揮如狹縫作 用，使反射平行光產生繞射現象。當經由第二透鏡所聚集 之反射光經過光穿透區時’依據光程差的不同，可產生明 顯的暗區和亮區’亦即可使有限的光滙集於數個區域而產 聚光的效果，因此使用拇棚式光穿透區可進一步提昇光 f收器的線性解析度。故當透鏡尺寸縮小時，光接收器仍 9由柵棚式光穿透區而獲得足夠之有效光線，以維拉片 測解析度。 201118350 此外，本實施例之支架204具有複數個電極（未繪示）， 與基座202中的電路彼此電性連接。此支架204的材質可 為塑膠、金屬、或其它合適之材質。依據本發明之一具體 實施例，此支架204的材質為鋁。依據本發明之一具體實 施例，支架204可先與光發射器206和光接收器208進行 組裝，之後再安裝於基座202之中。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to an optical encoder device, and more particularly to a reflective optical encoder device having high resolution. [Prior Art] At present, the application trend of optical encoders is moving toward high resolution. Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a cross-sectional view of a conventional reflective optical encoder. The reflective optical encoder 100 includes a base 1 , a light emitter 106 , an optical receiver 108 , and an optical unit 112 . And an object 12 〇. The light emitter 106 is disposed above the susceptor 1 〇 2 for emitting a light source signal. The light receiver 108 is disposed above the susceptor 1 〇 2 and juxtaposed with the light emitters 1 〇 6 . The optical unit 112 includes a first lens U2a corresponding to the light emitters 1〇6 and a second lens H2b corresponding to the light receiver 108. The object 120 is disposed above the optical unit in, which may be a reflective optical scale or an optical disk. When a conventional reflective optical encoder is used, the light reflected by the object passes through the lens and cannot be concentrated on the optical receiver, thereby affecting the resolution of the optical encoder. In order to meet the high resolution requirements of optical encoders, it is necessary to propose an improved reflective optical encoder. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One aspect of the present invention is to provide a reflective optical encoder that can produce a product that is small in size but still maintains high resolution. 201118350 The present invention provides a reflective optical encoder adapted to detect an object. The reflective optical encoder comprises a bracket, an optical unit, a light emitter, a light receiver and a shielding body. The optical unit has a first lens and a second lens. The light emitter is disposed on the bracket and is adapted to emit a light. The light emitter is located between the bracket and the first lens, and the light emitted by the light emitter is adapted to penetrate. The first lens is reflected by the object. The light receiver is disposed on the bracket, and the light receiver is located between the bracket and the second lens. The shielding body is disposed between the light receiver and the second lens, and the shielding body exposes the optical connection Φ receiver in a light transmission area, so that the light receiver is adapted to receive the light reflected from the object and traversing the second lens, and shield The body blocks light from the emitter that is emitted and directly refracted or reflected by the optical unit. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reflective optical encoder further comprises a transparent resin, the transparent resin-based coated holder, the optical unit, the optical reflector, and the optical receiver. According to an embodiment of the invention, the first lens and the second lens of the optical unit described above comprise a concave lens. • In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the optical receiver comprises a light sensing wafer array comprised of a plurality of arrays of light sensing wafers. According to an embodiment of the invention, the light penetrating region comprises a plurality of openings, and each of the light sensing wafers of the light sensing wafer array is disposed corresponding to each opening. According to an embodiment of the invention, the light emitter comprises a light emitting diode. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a housing is further included that covers the transparent resin and the optical unit. [2011] [Embodiment] Please refer to FIG. 2A, which is a cross-sectional view of a reflective optical encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the reflective optical encoder 200 includes a base 202, a bracket 204, a light emitter 206, a light receiver 208, and an optical unit 212. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the base 202 is used to support various components of the reflective optical encoder 200. The base 2〇2 may be made of plastic, metal, or other suitable material. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the material of the base 202 can be, for example, polyethylene (?〇17乂丨町1冰1〇14(16; PVC). Please refer to FIG. 2B, according to one of the present inventions For example, a circuit (not shown) can be provided in the pedestal 2 〇 2 to receive or transmit an external signal through the pin 23 (). The cradle 204 is disposed on the pedestal 202 and includes a shielding body. The support section 204a, an upper support section 204b, a connecting section 204c, a shielding section 204d and a light penetrating zone 205. The connecting section 2〇4c connects the lower supporting section 204a with the upper supporting section 2〇4b, and the lower supporting section 204a Located at the bottom of the base. • A light emitter 2〇6 is mounted on the lower support section 204a of the bracket 204, and is coupled to the circuit in the base 2〇2 via the electrodes on the bracket 204 for receiving The external signal transmitted through the circuit generates a light. In an example, the light emitter 2〇6 is a light emitting diode. The lower support section of the bracket 2〇4 on the side of the light emitter 206 A light receiver 208 is also provided on the second 4a, which can also be connected to the circuit in the base 202 via the electrodes on the bracket 204. The upper support section 204b of the bracket 204 has a light-transmitting area 2〇5 located directly above the light receiver 208. Above the bracket 204 is provided an optical unit 212 having a plurality of lenses. 201118350 corresponds to light emitter 206 and light receiver 208, respectively. In one example, 'optical unit 212 includes first lens 212a and second lens 212b. In one example, first emitter 212a is disposed directly above light emitter 206. It is used to diverge the light generated by the light emitter 212a. A second lens 212b is disposed on the side of the first lens 212a, directly above the light penetrating region 205 and the light receiver 208. In this embodiment, The light emitted by the light emitter 212a is reflected by the object 220 after passing through the first lens 212a, and the shielding system of the reflective optical encoder of the present invention exposes the light receiver 208' by the light penetrating region 205. The receiver 208 can receive the light reflected from the object 220 and passing through the second lens 212b, and the shielding block blocks the light emitted from the light emitter 212a but refracted or reflected by the optical unit 212. The first lens 212a and the second lens 212b of the present invention may be substantially identical lenses. In an example, the first lens 212a and the second lens 212b comprise concave lenses. In another example of the present invention, the light penetrating region 205 is, for example, a barrier type having a plurality of openings 205a corresponding to the light sensing wafer of the light receiver 208. Since the present invention adds a grating light transmission region to the lens and light receiving Between the devices, the barrier-type light penetrating region can function as a slit to cause a diffraction phenomenon of the reflected parallel light. When the reflected light collected by the second lens passes through the light-transmitting region, 'accurate dark regions and bright regions can be generated according to the difference in optical path difference', so that limited light can be collected in several regions to collect light. The effect is that the use of the thumb-panel light penetration zone further enhances the linear resolution of the light receiver. Therefore, when the lens size is reduced, the light receiver still obtains sufficient effective light by the grating-type light-transmitting region, and measures the resolution with the slab. In addition, the bracket 204 of the embodiment has a plurality of electrodes (not shown) electrically connected to the circuits in the base 202. The bracket 204 may be made of plastic, metal, or other suitable material. According to an embodiment of the invention, the bracket 204 is made of aluminum. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the bracket 204 can be assembled with the light emitter 206 and the light receiver 208 prior to being mounted in the base 202.
光接收器208用以將所感測到的反射光轉換成電訊 號，再經由耦接的電路傳送至一外部訊號處理單元。適合 用於本發明中的光接收器208可為光感測晶片陣列（Photo Detector Array，PD Array)，由複數個感測晶片組成。在一 實例中，為九組光感測器所形成的陣列。在一具體實施 例，此光感測晶片可為光偵測二極體積體電路(ph〇t〇di〇de integrated circuit，PDIC)。 在一實例中，反射式光編碼器2〇〇包含透明 214， 用以包覆支架204、光發射器2〇6、光接收器观和光學單 :212、田在另一實例中，反射式光編略器細包含一殼 體221 ’用以罩住透明樹脂214和光學單元Η?。 雖然本發明已以實施方式揭露如上，缺 定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在…/、、’ 义 範圍内，當可作各種之更動 2離本發明之精神和 圍當視後附之巾料娜_界定者=本剌之保護範 201118350 【圖式簡單說明】 為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、優點與實施例 能更明顯易懂，所附圖式之說明如下： 第1圖為習知之反射式光編碼器剖面圖 第2A圖為依據本發明具體實施例所繪示之反射式光 編碼器剖面圖。 第2B圖為依據第2A圖所纟會不之反射式光編碼器側面 圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 100 反射式光編號器 204c 連接段 102 基座 204d 遮蔽段 106 光發射器 205 光穿透區 108 光接收器 205a 開口 112 光學單元 206 光發射器 112a 第一透鏡 208 光接收器 112b 第二透鏡 212 光學單元 120 物體 212a 第一透鏡 200 反射式光編號器 212b 第二透鏡 202 基座 214 透明樹脂 204 支架 220 物體 201118350 204a下支撐段 221殼體 204b上支撐段 230引腳The optical receiver 208 is configured to convert the sensed reflected light into an electrical signal and transmit it to an external signal processing unit via the coupled circuit. The light receiver 208 suitable for use in the present invention may be a Photo Detector Array (PD Array) composed of a plurality of sensing wafers. In one example, an array of nine sets of photosensors. In one embodiment, the photo-sensing wafer can be a photo-detecting two-pole volume circuit (PDIC). In one example, the reflective optical encoder 2 includes a transparent 214 for covering the bracket 204, the light emitter 2〇6, the light receiver view, and the optical single: 212, in another example, reflective The optical encoder includes a housing 221' for covering the transparent resin 214 and the optical unit. Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to those skilled in the art, and within the scope of the meaning of the invention, the various modifications can be made. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present invention will become more <RTIgt; <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; Figure 2A is a cross-sectional view of a reflective optical encoder in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2B is a side view of a reflective optical encoder in accordance with Figure 2A. [Main component symbol description] 100 Reflective optical numbering device 204c Connection section 102 Base 204d Masking section 106 Light emitter 205 Light penetrating area 108 Light receiver 205a Opening 112 Optical unit 206 Light emitter 112a First lens 208 Light receiving 112b second lens 212 optical unit 120 object 212a first lens 200 reflective optical numbering device 212b second lens 202 pedestal 214 transparent resin 204 bracket 220 object 201118350 204a lower support section 221 housing 204b support section 230 pin
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