201107836 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 面：發明係關於顯示裝置，其中-聚焦配置提供來自㈣ 面板之像素之光的方向。 【先前技術】 哭2在一顯示器之輸出處使用聚焦元件以便控制該顯示 ~之可能視角之範圍。 :-透鏡係提供於一單一像素之上，則其可提供一放大 同二L一透鏡係提供於多個像素之上，則其可將來自不 像素之顯示輸出引導至不同空間位置。此係一自 顯不态的操作方式。 假 長：：：：動立體顯示器中之聚焦配置之-已知實例係-^ 元件陣列，該等長形雙凸透鏡元件彼此平行 察二顯示像素陣列，此等雙凸透鏡元件觀 =雙凸透鏡元件係提供為—元件薄板，該等元件之各 :::一長形半圓柱形透鏡元件。該等雙凸透鏡元件(雙 在該顯示面板之行方向上延伸，每一雙凸透鏡 覆於兩個或兩個以上鄰近顯示像素行之一各自群 組0 w - 例如）每一雙凸透鏡係與兩顯示像素行相關聯之 /母—行中之該等顯示像素提供-各自二維子影 之垂直切片。該雙凸透鏡薄板引導此兩個切片及 與其他雙凸透鏡相關聯之顯示像素行之對應的切片至定位 148079.doc 201107836 於該薄板前面之-使用者的纽及线，使得該使用者觀 察-單-立體影像。因& ’雙凸透鏡元件薄板提供一光輸 出引導功能。 在其他配置中，每一雙凸透鏡係與列方向上之四個或四 個以上鄰近顯示像素之一群組相關聯。每一群組中之對應 顯示像素行係經適當配置以提供來自一各自二維子影像之 一垂直切片。隨著一使用者的頭部從左移動至右，感知一 系歹j連，不同立體視圖，從而建立（例如）一立體感。 使用聚焦、配置《一問冑係不同的觀看位置對應於聚焦至 不同顯示面板區域且特定言之具有通過該顯示面板之[〔層 之不同光傳播角度之光路徑。此等不同光傳播角度藉由lc 材料引起不同路徑長度，且因此引起不同光調變（亦即， 相位改變)量。因此’因為來自LCD前面之可見光已確切 仃進通過該LC材料正確距離，所aLCD之前面作業極佳。 【發明内容】 本發明之一目的係減小上述問題之效果。 藉由獨立請求項定義本發明。付寸屬請求項定義有利實施 例0 根據本發明，提供一種顯示裝置，其包括： -一液晶顯示面板，其具有—顯示像素元件陣列以產生一 顯示且包含一液晶顯示層；及 • 一透鏡配置，其係提供於該顯示面板之上且包括若干透 鏡元件’胃透鏡g己置將來自;同觀看位置之聚焦提供至該 等透鏡元件之下之不同區域， 148079.doc 201107836 其中，該液晶顯示層之在對應於一透鏡元件之一中心之一 位置的厚度大於在對應於該透鏡元件之一邊緣之—位置的 厚度。 ’ 此配置使不同視角之藉由該液晶層提供之光調變效果變 得更均勻。 該顯示面板可包括介於透明電極之間之液晶顯示層，其 中电極係經塑形以界定一非均勻電極間隔。因此，該非 均勻間隔可為對製程之一修改之結果。 :—透鏡元件之一最小尺寸可對應於一單一黑白像素或 早-色彩子像素之-尺寸。此意味來自每-像素或子像 素之輪出係經控制以改良來自不同觀看方向之均句性。 或者’每一透鏡元件之一最小尺寸可對應於一群組黑白 像素或—群組色彩子像素之尺寸。如此，不同的像素或子 像素係成像於不同的空間位置，使得不同的影像被提供至 不同位置’卻具有不同觀看位置之更均句光調變性質。 在每1形下’每-透鏡元件可包括―雙凸透鏡，其中 最小尺寸為寬度。 :顯示裝置可包括一自動立體顯示器，纟中該透鏡配置 自不同像素或子像素之輸出引導至不同空間位置以使 一立體影像能夠被觀看。 【實施方式】 附圖式’純粹藉由實例描述本發明之 施例。 n明提供—液晶_示裝置’其中-透鏡配置係提供於 148079.doc 201107836 顯不面板之上。液晶顯示層之在對應於一透鏡元件之— 中心之-位置的厚度大於在對應於該透鏡元件之—邊緣之 一位置的厚度。此意味不同觀看方向之通過該液晶層之光 路t的長度可大體上相同，或可經選擇以提供來自此等不 同觀看方向之相同調變效果。 本發明特定關注於立體顯示裝置。 圖1係一已知直視自動立體顯示裝置1之一示意性透視 圖。該已知裝置i包括充當一空間光調變器以產生顯示之 主動矩陣類型之一液晶顯示面板3。 該顯示面板3具有以列及行配置之顯示像素5之一正交陣 列°為清楚起見’圖中僅顯示少量顯示像素5。實際上， 該顯示面板3可能包括約一千列及數千行的顯示像素2。， 該液晶顯示面板3之結構係完全習知的。特定言之，古亥 面板3包括一對隔開的透明玻璃基板，在該對隔；的透： 玻璃基板之間提供-對齊式扭轉向列或其他液晶材料。該 :基板在其等之相面對表面上承載透明銦錫氧化物(ιτ⑺ 电極圖案。亦在該等基板之外表面上提供偏光層。 每一顯不像素5包括該等基板上之相對電極，其等之間 具有干涉液晶材料。該等電極之形狀及佈局決定該等顯示 像素5之形狀及佈局。藉由若干間隙將該等顯示像素$規則 地彼此隔開。 ' 母一顯示像素5係與一切換元件（諸如一薄膜電晶谱 (JFT)或薄膜：極體（TFD))相關。該等顯示像素經操作D 藉由將定址信號提供給該等切換元件而產生顯示，且熟悉 148079.doc • 6 - 201107836 此項技術者將瞭解適當定址方案。 該顯示面板3係由一光源7照亮，在此情形下，該光源7 包括延伸遍及該顯示像素陣列區域之一平面背光。來自該 光源7之光經引導通過該顯示器面板]，個別顯示像素5經 驅動以調變該光並產生顯示。 該顯示裝置i亦包括配置於該顯示面板3之顯示側上的一 雙凸透鏡薄板9 ’該雙凸透鏡薄板9執行一視圖形成功能。 該雙凸透鏡薄板9包括一列彼此平行延伸之雙凸透鏡元件 Η ’為清楚起見’僅以放大尺寸顯示該等雙凸透鏡元件51 之一者。 該等雙凸透鏡元件1HU凸圓柱料鏡形式，且其等充 當-光輸出引導構件以將來自該顯示面板3之不同影像， 或視圖提供至^位於該顯示裝前面之—使㈣之眼 睛。 能夠提供不同方向上之 凸透鏡元件11上覆於各 圖1中所示之自動立體顯示裝置i 右干不同透視圖。特定言之，各雙 列甲之-小群組顯示像素5。該雙凸透鏡元件时影不同 方向上之-群組之每—顯示像素5，以便形成若干不同視 圖。隨著該使用者之頭部從左移動至右 將輪流接收若干視圖之不同視圖。 他的/她的眼睛 圖2顯示如上所述之一雙凸透鏡類型成像配置之操作原 理且顯示背光2〇、LCD顯示裝置24及雙凸透鏡陣㈣。圖 2顯示該雙凸透鏡配置28如何將不同像素輸出引導至不同 空間位置。 148079.doc 201107836 圖3從一單一 LCD(子）像素之俯視圖顯示本發明之顯示裝 置之一第一實例。 顯示面板3包括一下電極30、一LC層32及_上電極34。 該等電極係透明的，例如係由ITO形成且提供於各自玻璃 基板上。圖3亦顯示一濾色片36及黑色遮罩層刊。此實例 中之該透鏡11具有對應於所示單一像素之—尺寸之一寬 度。該單一像素為一單一色彩子像素，但是在一黑白實例 中’ §亥像素將為一單一完整像素。 邊緣。 如上所述，該透鏡元件1Uf來自不同觀看位置之聚焦提 供至该透鏡7L件下之不同區域。顯示與兩個觀看方向相關 聯之光路徑。粗線表示垂直於該顯示器之—觀看位置之光 路仅，且該m聚焦於該像素之中間。虛線表示觀看位 置至-顯示器側面之光路徑’且該聚焦係聚焦於該像素之 該液晶顯示層之在對應於一透鏡元件之—中心之一位置201107836 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] Aspect: The invention relates to a display device in which a -focus configuration provides a direction of light from pixels of a (four) panel. [Prior Art] Cry 2 uses a focusing element at the output of a display to control the range of possible viewing angles of the display. The - lens system is provided on a single pixel, which provides an amplification. The same L-lens system is provided over a plurality of pixels, which can direct the display output from the non-pixels to different spatial locations. This is an automatic mode of operation. False length:::: focus configuration in a stereoscopic display - a known example is - an array of elements, which are parallel to each other to see two display pixel arrays, such lenticular lens elements = lenticular lens elements Provided as a thin sheet of components, each of which:: an elongated semi-cylindrical lens element. The lenticular lens elements (double extending in the row direction of the display panel, each lenticular lens covering one of two or more adjacent display pixel rows, respective groups 0 w - for example) each lenticular lens system and two displays The display pixels in the associated row/parent row of the pixel row provide a vertical slice of the respective two-dimensional sub-image. The lenticular sheet guides the two slices and the corresponding slice of the display pixel row associated with the other lenticular lenses to the position 148079.doc 201107836 in front of the thin plate - the user's button and line, so that the user observes - the single - Stereoscopic images. The &' lenticular lens sheet provides a light output guiding function. In other configurations, each lenticular lens system is associated with one or a group of four or more adjacent display pixels in the column direction. The corresponding display pixel rows in each group are suitably configured to provide a vertical slice from a respective two-dimensional sub-image. As a user's head moves from left to right, a series of different stereoscopic views are created to create, for example, a stereoscopic impression. The use of focus, configuration "a different viewing position corresponds to focusing to different display panel areas and, in particular, having a light path through the different light propagation angles of the [display layer]. These different light propagation angles cause different path lengths by the lc material and thus cause different amounts of light modulation (i.e., phase change). Therefore, because the visible light from the front of the LCD has exactly penetrated the correct distance through the LC material, the front of the LCD is excellent. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One object of the present invention is to reduce the effects of the above problems. The invention is defined by an independent claim. Advantageous Embodiment 0 According to the present invention, there is provided a display device comprising: - a liquid crystal display panel having - an array of display pixel elements to produce a display and comprising a liquid crystal display layer; and a configuration provided on the display panel and including a plurality of lens elements 'the stomach lens g is set to be from; the focus of the viewing position is provided to different regions below the lens elements, 148079.doc 201107836 wherein the liquid crystal The thickness of the display layer at a position corresponding to one of the centers of one of the lens elements is greater than the thickness at a position corresponding to one of the edges of the lens element. This configuration makes the light modulation effect provided by the liquid crystal layer of different viewing angles more uniform. The display panel can include a liquid crystal display layer between the transparent electrodes, wherein the electrodes are shaped to define a non-uniform electrode spacing. Therefore, the non-uniform spacing can be the result of a modification to one of the processes. : The smallest dimension of one of the lens elements may correspond to the size of a single black and white pixel or early-color sub-pixel. This means that the round-robin from each pixel or sub-pixel is controlled to improve the homography from different viewing directions. Alternatively, the minimum size of one of each lens element may correspond to the size of a group of black and white pixels or a group of color sub-pixels. As such, different pixels or sub-pixels are imaged at different spatial locations such that different images are provided to different locations' but have more uniform light-modulating properties of different viewing positions. Each of the lens elements may comprise a "lenticular lens" in each of the shapes, wherein the smallest dimension is the width. The display device can include an autostereoscopic display in which the lens configuration is directed from different pixels or sub-pixel outputs to different spatial locations to enable a stereoscopic image to be viewed. [Embodiment] The embodiment of the present invention is described purely by way of example. N-provided - liquid crystal_display device' where the lens configuration is provided on the 148079.doc 201107836 display panel. The thickness of the liquid crystal display layer at a position corresponding to the center of a lens element is greater than the thickness at a position corresponding to the edge of the lens element. This means that the length of the optical path t through the liquid crystal layer in different viewing directions may be substantially the same or may be selected to provide the same modulation effect from such different viewing directions. The present invention is particularly focused on stereoscopic display devices. Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a known direct-view autostereoscopic display device 1. The known device i comprises a liquid crystal display panel 3 which acts as a spatial light modulator to produce a display active matrix type. The display panel 3 has an array of orthogonal pixels of display pixels 5 arranged in columns and rows for clarity. Only a small number of display pixels 5 are shown in the figure. In fact, the display panel 3 may include about one thousand columns and thousands of rows of display pixels 2. The structure of the liquid crystal display panel 3 is completely known. In particular, the Guhai panel 3 includes a pair of spaced apart transparent glass substrates that provide a -aligned twisted nematic or other liquid crystal material between the through: glass substrates. The substrate carries a transparent indium tin oxide (ιτ(7) electrode pattern on its facing surface. The polarizing layer is also provided on the outer surface of the substrate. Each of the display pixels 5 includes a relative on the substrate. There are interfering liquid crystal materials between the electrodes, etc. The shape and layout of the electrodes determine the shape and layout of the display pixels 5. The display pixels are regularly spaced apart from each other by a number of gaps. The 5 series is associated with a switching element such as a thin film electro-spectral (JFT) or thin film: a thin body (TFD). The display pixels are operated by D to provide a display by providing an address signal to the switching elements, and Familiar with 148079.doc • 6 - 201107836 The skilled person will be aware of a suitable addressing scheme. The display panel 3 is illuminated by a light source 7, in which case the light source 7 comprises a planar backlight extending over one of the display pixel array regions. The light from the light source 7 is guided through the display panel, and the individual display pixels 5 are driven to modulate the light and generate a display. The display device i also includes a display side disposed on the display side of the display panel 3. A lenticular sheet 9' performs a view forming function. The lenticular sheet 9 comprises a series of lenticular elements extending parallel to each other Η 'for clarity, the lenticular elements 51 are only shown in an enlarged size The lenticular lens element 1HU is in the form of a convex cylindrical mirror, and the like serves as a light output guiding member to provide different images, or views from the display panel 3, to the front of the display device (4) Eyes can provide different perspective views of the convex lens elements 11 in different directions over the autostereoscopic display devices i shown in Figure 1. In particular, each of the double-column-small group displays pixels 5. The lenticular elements are in different directions - each of the groups - display pixels 5 to form a number of different views. As the user's head moves from left to right, it will alternately receive different views of several views. Her eye Figure 2 shows the principle of operation of one of the lenticular-type imaging configurations described above and displays the backlight 2〇, the LCD display device 24 and the lenticular lens array (4). It is shown how the lenticular configuration 28 directs different pixel outputs to different spatial locations. 148079.doc 201107836 Figure 3 shows a first example of a display device of the present invention from a top view of a single LCD (sub)pixel. Display panel 3 includes Electrode 30, an LC layer 32 and an upper electrode 34. The electrodes are transparent, for example formed of ITO and provided on respective glass substrates. Figure 3 also shows a color filter 36 and a black mask layer. The lens 11 in the example has a width corresponding to one of the dimensions of the single pixel shown. The single pixel is a single color sub-pixel, but in a black-and-white example, the pixel will be a single complete pixel. The focus of the lens element 1Uf from different viewing positions is provided to different regions under the lens 7L. Displays the light path associated with the two viewing directions. The thick line indicates the path perpendicular to the viewing position of the display only, and the m is focused in the middle of the pixel. The dashed line indicates the viewing position to the light path of the side of the display and the focus is focused on one of the centers of the liquid crystal display layer of the pixel corresponding to a lens element.
度。此意味可使該等光路徑之長度相等β 在圖3所示之實例中，藉由一非 一非平坦下電極30(特定言 之，在邊緣處具有一凸起輪廓）達成不同間隔。 了使用沈精右雷極之_ 一 έδ ^ U Ιίλ ι» .,degree. This means that the lengths of the optical paths are equal. β In the example shown in Fig. 3, different intervals are achieved by a non-flat lower electrode 30 (specifically, having a convex profile at the edges).沉 右 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Ιίλ ι» .,
h。因此，3D雙凸透鏡落片之技術可用於本發明之 實施方案（圖3)或一 3D實施方案（圖句。 之一 2D 148079.doc 201107836 或=’可猎由修改該電極層之沈積來 極，使得其在不同位置具有不同厚度 开^ 之矣侗4A 此可糟由ITO電極 夕個沈積步驟，或藉由沈積一更 電極並應用微影 圖：化以產生期望輪廓而達成。亦可使用具有圖 :光：固化材料來形成不同厚度。對於熟習此項技術者而 全常規^ 土一下伏基板上產生非平坦表面之標準技術將為完 透鏡可為圓柱形’亦即呈—雙凸透鏡之形式，使得針對 不同側面觀看位置獲得均勻角度性能。當然，球 似）透鏡可用於提供針對不同側面以及垂直觀看位置之 改良之均勻性。 如圖3中不意性可見，透鏡元件將_給定觀看方向之 路徑聚焦至一相當寬區域。對於每-觀看方向之此錐形光 束可猎由使用不大於遽色片36之—透鏡及/或藉由增加透 鏡距離（使得該等光路徑之發散角度減小）而減小。缺而， 一經增加之透鏡距離將導致一減小的視角範圍。因:，不 可將該透鏡結構安裝於該LCD面板之上之過高處以避免在 鄰近透鏡之下之像素變得可見（亦即，透過—透鏡觀 誤像素）。 如上所述，本發明特定關注於自動立體顯示裝置，且圖 4示意性地顯示可如何實施本發明。 回 /吏用與圖3中相同之參考元件符號。然而’四個子像素 係定位於透鏡11之下，四個據色片顯示為施至㈣。 在此情形下’每—透鏡元件之一最小尺寸對應於四個色 148079.doc 201107836 彩子像素群組之寬度。該透鏡元件π同樣包括一雙凸透 鏡。 本發明可應用於許多不同設計的LCD。例如，其可應用 於具有塑膠基板之撓性LCD以及更習知的玻璃基板LCD。 在此情形下’完整LCD堆疊可為彎曲。 非均勻單元間隔可使用一結構化下電極（如示）或一結構 化上電極達成。塑形可經選擇使得該路徑長度大體上相 同。然而，對於通過LC單元之不同傳播角度，偏光調變亦 不同，所以在不同角度產生均勾光調變效果之整體目標可 能並非暗指固定路徑長度。代替性地，可使用一更複雜輪 廓。 j發明可實現形成在陡Λ肖角具有經改良之影像品質之一 超高視角顯示。此對扣及扣顯示而言係—主要好處。 *自該等圖式、本揭㈣容，及附屬巾請專利範圍之一研 ，：熟習此項技術者在實踐本發”可瞭解並實現所揭示 貫施例之其他變更。在申請專利範圍中，字 排除其他元侔亦 匕枯」不 在相， 驟，且不定冠詞「―」不排除複數個。 同的獨立請求項中列舉特定措施之純事實並不表 任何表考2使用此等措施之—組合。巾請專利範圍中之 I考符唬不應理解為限制該範疇。 【圖式簡單說明】 二:：已知自動立體顯示裝置之一示意性透視圖； 間位置； 彡鏡陣列如何將不同視圖提供至不同空 148079.doc 201107836 圖3顯示根據本發明之顯示裝置之一第一實例；及 圖4顯示根據本發明之顯示裝置之一第二實例。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 直視自動立體顯示裝置 3 液晶顯不面板 5 顯示像素陣列 7 光源 9 透鏡配置/透鏡薄片 11 透鏡元件 20 背光 24 LCD顯示裝置 28 雙凸透鏡陣列 30 下電極 32 LC層 34 上電極 36 渡色片 36a 濾、色片 36b 渡色片 36c 濾色片 36d 渡色片 38 黑色遮罩層 148079.doc 11h. Therefore, the technique of 3D lenticular lens drop can be used in the embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 3) or a 3D embodiment (Fig. 2D 148079.doc 201107836 or = ' can be hunted by modifying the deposition of the electrode layer So that it has different thicknesses at different locations, which can be achieved by the ITO electrode deposition step, or by depositing a further electrode and applying a lithography: to produce the desired profile. Illustrated: Light: Cured material to form different thicknesses. For those skilled in the art, the standard technique for producing a non-planar surface on a conventional substrate will be cylindrical, ie, lenticular. The form is such that uniform angular performance is obtained for different side viewing positions. Of course, ball-like lenses can be used to provide improved uniformity for different side and vertical viewing positions. As can be seen in Figure 3, the lens element focuses the path of a given viewing direction to a relatively wide area. This tapered beam for each viewing direction can be reduced by using a lens that is no larger than the coloring film 36 and/or by increasing the lens distance (so that the diverging angle of the light paths is reduced). In absent, an increased lens distance will result in a reduced range of viewing angles. Because: the lens structure cannot be mounted too high above the LCD panel to avoid visible pixels below the adjacent lens (i.e., the lens is viewed through the lens). As described above, the present invention is particularly focused on an autostereoscopic display device, and Fig. 4 schematically shows how the present invention can be implemented. The same reference symbol as in Fig. 3 is used. However, the four sub-pixels are positioned below the lens 11, and the four color patches are shown as being applied to (d). In this case, the minimum size of one of the lens elements corresponds to the width of the four colors 148079.doc 201107836 color sub-pixel group. The lens element π also includes a lenticular lens. The invention is applicable to many different designs of LCDs. For example, it can be applied to a flexible LCD having a plastic substrate and a more conventional glass substrate LCD. In this case the 'complete LCD stack can be curved. Non-uniform cell spacing can be achieved using a structured lower electrode (as shown) or a structured upper electrode. The shaping can be selected such that the path length is substantially the same. However, for different propagation angles through the LC cell, the polarization modulation is also different, so the overall goal of producing a uniform light modulation effect at different angles may not imply a fixed path length. Instead, a more complex profile can be used. The invention can realize one of the improved image quality formed at the steep corner and the ultra-high angle display. This is the main benefit of the buckle and buckle display. *From the drawings, the disclosure (4), and the scope of the patents, please refer to one of the patent scopes: those who are familiar with the technology in this practice can understand and implement other changes in the disclosed embodiments. In the middle, the word excludes other yuan and is also dying. It is not in the same phase, and the indefinite article "―" does not exclude plural. The fact that the specific measures are listed in the same independent claim does not indicate that any combination of these measures is used. The I test symbol in the scope of the patent should not be construed as limiting the scope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [2]: A schematic perspective view of a known autostereoscopic display device; inter-position; how the frog mirror array provides different views to different spaces 148079.doc 201107836 FIG. 3 shows a display device according to the present invention A first example; and Figure 4 shows a second example of a display device in accordance with the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 1 Direct-view autostereoscopic display device 3 Liquid crystal display panel 5 Display pixel array 7 Light source 9 Lens configuration / Lens sheet 11 Lens element 20 Backlight 24 LCD display device 28 Lenticular lens array 30 Lower electrode 32 LC layer 34 Electrode 36 color filter 36a filter, color plate 36b color plate 36c color filter 36d color plate 38 black mask layer 148079.doc 11