201036564 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於保護頭具及其他吸收衝擊結構。本發明 尤其有關於一種可使用於其內之吸收衝擊用壓縮件。 【先前技術】 諸如頭盔之頭具經常在比賽或其他運動活動期間由個 人所配戴，以便保護配戴者免於受到頭部傷害。頭部傷害 可因觸及其他人或物體所致之衝擊力而發生、目前市面上 之頭盔槪略爲兩種中之一種，亦即單一衝擊式頭盔或多重 衝撃式頭盔。單一衝擊式頭盔在單一衝擊下將造成永久變 形，而多重衝擊式頭盔則可承受多次撞擊。單一衝擊式頭 盔之配戴者例如包括自行車騎手及機車騎手。另一方面， 諸如曲棍球及美式足球運動之參賽者以及建築工人則通常 配戴多重衝擊式頭盔。兩種頭盔具有類似之構造，其具有： 一半剛性外殼，其用於將衝擊力分佈在一廣闊區域上；一 可破碎層，其位於該外殻內以便可減小作用於配戴者頭上 之衝擊力；及一內部襯裡，其協助使頭盔與配戴者頭部之 形狀相符合。不變地，此類頭盔亦包括一用於將頭盔固定 於配戴者頭部上之下巴束帶。 最近已開發出包含多個能量吸收層之保護頭具。此類 頭具揭示於例如 W02006/089234與W02006/08923 5以及 2007年8月16日公告之US2007/0190292等諸公告案中， 而此諸公告案之內容均以引用方式被倂入本文中。如該處 可見，此類之頭盔包括一半剛性之外層或外殻、一內層、 201036564 及一介於外層與內層之間的中間層。此中間層包括許多單 獨個別之可壓縮單室，其被配置在一由內層與外層所構成 之包含流體的空隙區域中。設置至少一通道以便在外層因 作用在頭盔上之衝擊而變形時，讓流體可離開中間層。此 類頭盗亦可包含一動態內部襯裡’其形狀在頭盔被相聯結 之下巴繫帶向下拉抵於頭部上時可改變，以便與配戴者頭 部相符合；請見W02006/089089案。 如由上述諸公告案之內容可見，頭盔之中間層的個衝 〇 擊吸收單室包括至少一個薄壁囊體，其具有：一未經壓縮 之構形，其用以界定一中空之腔室，而一流體量至少部分 地塡充此腔室；至少一穿過該囊體壁之孔口，其可因應作 用在囊體上之衝擊而可抵抗地將流體從腔室處排出；一與 該囊體相關聯之衝擊吸收機構，其抵抗因應作用在囊體上 之衝擊的初始階段所致之降伏，且在衝擊之初始階段後屈 服於衝擊，以便使此衝擊之剩餘部分可由排放自該孔口處 ❹ 之流體予以應付。在一較佳之保護頭盔中，動態性內部襯 裡包括多個單獨之可壓縮元件，其被安置在諸單室位置處 且其形狀可改變’以便可在頭盔被一相關聯之下巴繫帶總 成向下拉抵在頭部上時與配戴者頭部相符合。因此，各單 室及相應之可壓縮元件形成一單一之壓縮件。 雖然上述運用此類衝擊吸收用壓縮件之保護頭盔及結 構可相當良好地執行其衝擊吸收功能，但諸頭盔層之總厚 度卻可能比所要者大得多。再者，形成頭盔動態性內部襯 201036564 裡之可壓縮結構通常只是多個被黏附在相關聯單室底側上 之發泡墊或囊體，且係易於在頭盔因衝擊力而被壓抵配戴 者頭部時被壓縮到底，因而造成配戴者有不舒適之感覺。 僅僅嘗試增加諸墊之厚度來克服此問題導致在頭盔大小上 不樂見之增加。 【發明內容】 因此，本發明之一目的在於提供一種具有吸震器性質 之壓縮件，其用於提供頭盔或其他保護結構一中間層及襯 Ο 裡。 本發明之再一目的在於提供一種具有最小厚度之壓縮 件，然而此壓縮件之諸組件在其於正常使用期間所遭受之 壓縮力下也不致壓縮到底。 本發明之另一目的在於提供一種此類型壓縮件，其相 當易於可鬆釋地附接至一頭盔或其他保護結構之內層。 本發明之又一目的在於提供此類壓縮件，其在連同多 Q 個其他相似構件被倂合至一頭盔內時，會形成可長時間舒 適配戴之頭具，即使當此頭盔被重複地衝擊時。 另一目的係在於提供此類壓縮件，其係由一些相當易 於組裝之模製塑膠零件所組成。 其他目的部分地昭顯，且將部分地經由下文描述而昭 顯。本發明於是包括諸結構特徵、諸元件之組合、及諸零 件之配置，其等均將在下列詳細說明中例示，且本發明之 範圍將界定於申請專利範圍中。 201036564 槪括而言’本保護頭盔用壓縮件包括一中空且軸向對 稱之壓縮單室，其具有一頂壁、一弓形側壁、與一底部凸 緣。該壓縮件亦包括一可壓縮襯裡元件，其被安裝至該凸 緣上。此元件包括一中空撓性囊體，具有一底壁及一側壁， 該側壁自此底壁處向上/向內伸展，並被連接至一固定成與 該單室凸緣齊平之徑向凸緣。此囊體大致上被一或多個彈 性墊所塡滿。 較佳地，該單室位於單室凸緣內側之底壁向上彎曲， 導致該單室形成一碟形或凹底面，以便可提供（諸）墊額 外之間隙。此連同（諸）墊之構造使得該壓縮件可承受可 觀之壓縮力，而不致使該襯裡元件抵住該單室之底壁壓縮 到底。結果，當許多壓縮件被倂入一諸如美式足球頭盔之 保護結構內時，該結構可長時間舒適配戴，儘管其承受重 複性衝擊。 【實施方式】 參照第1圖，其顯示多個可體現本發明並槪括地標以 1 0之壓縮件包含於一保護結構內，亦即一由一以假想線顯 示的外層或外殼〇以及一內層I所構成之美式足球頭盔Η 內。諸壓縮件10被可鬆釋地繫緊於內層I上。在前列諸公 告案中，外殻〇係由一種相當堅硬並可因應衝擊而局部且 徑向變形之塑膠材料所構成，而內層I則由一種質軟且剛 性較小之材料所構成。 各壓縮件1 〇包括：一中空可壓縮彈性單室1 2 ’其延 201036564 伸於該內層與外層間；及一可壓縮襯裡元件14，其被安置 在直接與單室12相對立處，並從內層I之內部表面處伸 出。諸單室12共同地在一位於外層〇與內層〗間之空隙區 域中形成—頭盔中間層，而諸元件1 4則共同地形成此頭盔 之一動態內部襯裡。 如第4圖中所示，各壓縮件10被繫緊於一位於內層I 中之不同開口 P內，而此係藉由抓住此開口 P位在相關聯 之單室12與其襯裡元件14之間的邊緣而達成。內層I係 〇 有點彈性’以致使得此壓縮件1 0可藉由強制將其單室1 2 穿過開口 p而被附接至內層I上，其中開口 p之邊緣此時 將滑扣至一環繞單室之周圍凹部內，稍後將對此詳述。 各單室12包括：一頂壁22;—弓形側壁24，其係由 —對背靠背截頭圓錐狀節段24a與24b所組成；及一徑向 凸緣26，其從節段2 4b之自由下緣處向外伸出，藉此，在 此凸緣內留下一中央開口。一通風孔27設置在頂壁22中。 Q 在適於美式足球或機車頭盔用之壓縮件ίο的一個工作範 例中，頂壁22具有一 1.9吋（in)之直徑；側壁24在赤道 處具有一2.0吋之直徑，並在節段24a與24b之間具有一 從155至162度之傾斜角0 ;及凸緣26具有一2.3吋之外 徑。單室1 2係由一種相當堅硬之材料（例如τ p u )所構成， 但卻允許此單室整個可撓曲’以便能提供如前列諸公告案 中所述之衝擊吸收特性。 一由約〇_〇4吋厚之相同材料所構成之板件28被安置 201036564 抵住凸緣之底側，而此兩者在其邊緣處被焊接在一起，以 便可封閉並完成單室之底部。較佳地，此板件之中央區域 28a係圓頂狀或向上彎曲狀（大約0.08吋之撓曲），以便可 符合一典型之頭部曲率（理由後述）。同樣地，一圓階或壁 _ 28b可被設置在此板件之上表面上，以便使該單室可在此 板件上居中。 如第2及3圖中所示，襯裡元件14係與單室12同軸 _ 且具有與此單室大約相同之占有面。各元件14係一由一杯 〇 形之中空囊體或膜體32、一軟質之第一彈性墊34、及一較 小且較密之第二彈性墊3 6所組成之複合結構，而並非一如 前列之諸公告案中所述的簡單可壓縮中空蛇腹形囊體。 囊體32係由一如TPU之撓性塑膠材料所構成。此囊 體包括一圓形底壁38，具有一和緩環繞之邊緣38a，其向 上延伸至一相當堅硬之環形肩部42的徑向外緣。此肩部 42的內緣連接一短（例如〇.〇6吋）直立頸部44，，其上端 〇 部轉變成—徑向向外凸緣46。此凸緣46之外徑係大體上 相等於單室12之凸緣26與板件28之外徑。 根據本發明’囊體32之底壁38、38&雖然堅固但亦十 分薄且軟，而此囊體之肩部、頸部及凸緣則具有較厚之壁， 以便使其可單獨地較爲堅硬。在上述之工作範例中，壁38、 3 8a具有0.02吋之厚度，而肩部、頸部及凸緣則分別具有 0.02、0.03及0.03吋之壁厚。在上述之壓縮件10範例中， 襯裡元件之總高度係大約0.3 3吋。 201036564 如第3及4圖中最清楚顯示，墊34係由一種發泡材料 (例如具有18至15磅/立方呎（lb/ft3)密度之開室型聚氨 酯發泡體）所構成之沖切體，且此墊之直徑（例如2.05吋） 與厚度（例如0.28吋）將使其可裝配在該囊體底壁38、38a 之範圍內。 另一方面，較小之墊36係由一種較堅硬塑膠發泡材料 (例如具有17至25磅/立方呎密度之乙烯晴602 )所構成 ^ 之沖切體，且此墊之直徑（例如1.4吋）與厚度（例如〇 . 2 〇 Ο 吋）將使其可配置在囊體3 2介於墊3 6與板件2 8間之頸部 44內。諸墊34及36係如第3圖（非第4圖）中所示地成 圓形之沖切體。此諸墊在當囊體或膜體38、38a被安裝在 其周圍時將採取第4圖中所示之形狀。 爲了將襯裡元件14組裝至單室12，墊34被嵌入囊體 3 2內，以便使其緊貼底壁3 8。接著，墊3 6被安置抵住位 於頸部44內之板件部分28a的底側。爲了在組裝期間將墊 〇 36保持於適當位置上’黏著劑或雙面膠帶（未示於圖）可 被插置在墊36與板件部分28a之間。最後，囊體32之凸 緣46以及單室12之凸緣26被同軸地安置在一起，並被焊 接或以其他方式繫緊在一起，如第4圖中之50處所示。此 留下肩部42與頸部44可在軸向上自由地屈曲。 較佳地’墊36之厚度將使得當該兩凸緣被一起繫緊在 50處時，兩墊34及36大致會塡滿板件28與底壁38、38a 間之空隙’以便使襯裡元件1 4之底側可構成—與接觸該壁 201036564 之任何表面的形狀相符合之柔軟靠墊。當頭盔位於戴者之 頭上時，襯裡元件14由於作用在此頭盔上之衝擊而承受高 壓縮力，此時該元件將可相對於單室12作軸向之移動，且 諸墊之存在亦可將此襯裡元件14壓縮到底之可能性降到 最低。板件28的中央部分28a (亦即其位於單室12內之 區域）如前述般地向上彎曲或成碟狀之情形在此方面亦爲 有幫助的，因爲其在板件與戴者頭部間提供額外之間隙， 而不致增加壓縮件10之總高度。對於一用在頭盔中之單室 10而言，此高度典型地係大約2.0吋。當此單室被應用於 其他用途（例如顎部震動吸收器）時，該高度可小至1.0 吋。 當一運動員戴上頭盔Η時，各壓縮件10之複合襯裡元 件14會與戴者之頭部相符合，此導致頭盔與頭部間一非常 舒適之配合。然而，各壓縮件10在頭盔Η內仍具有一非常 低之外形，以便使此頭盔不會大於不含此諸壓縮件10之傳 統頭盔。最後，因爲襯裡元件14之前述複合結構，該元件 在頭盔正常使用期間不可能會壓縮到底。 因此可見的是，由上列之說明顯而可知之諸項目的將 可被有效率地達成。此外，在不脫離本發明之範圍下，某 些變更可在前述之構造中進行。例如，雖然上述壓縮件1〇 的單室12具有一圓形截面，但是其他之單室形狀亦爲可 行，只要此單室之諸邊緣可形成一對稱形狀，其如同上列 US200 7/0 190292案中所述般通過以特定式樣被配置之一特 -10- 201036564 定組諸點，且襯裡元件14具有大約與該單室凸緣相同之占 有面。同樣地，諸墊34' 36並非構成分離之元件，而是形 成爲一具有變化密度之單元，或形成爲一由彈性顆粒所組 成之集合體。因此，意欲將所有包含於上述說明中或顯示 於諸附圖中之物質解釋爲示範說明而非用以作爲限定。 同時可理解的是，下列之申請專利範圍意欲涵蓋在此 所述之本發明的所有一般與特定之特徵。 ^ 【圖式簡單說明】 〇 爲了對本發明之性質與目的有進一步之理解，可參考 上節中所列之詳細說明並配合參照下列附圖，其中： 第1圖係根據本發明所實施之包含多個壓縮件之保護 頭盔的側視圖； 第2圖係一以較大比例更詳細地顯示第1圖中所示頭 盔之多個壓縮件中之一者的立體圖； 第3圖係一可更詳細地顯示第2圖中所示壓縮件之分 〇 解立體圖；及 第4圖係一沿第2圖中之3 -3線所取之剖面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 壓縮件 12 單室 14 襯裡元件 22 頂壁 24 側壁 -11- 201036564201036564 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field to Which the Invention Is Ascribed] The present invention relates to a protective headgear and other shock absorbing structures. More particularly, the present invention relates to a compression member for absorbing impact that can be used therein. [Prior Art] A head such as a helmet is often worn by an individual during a game or other athletic activity to protect the wearer from head injuries. Head injury can occur due to the impact of touching other people or objects. Currently, the helmet on the market is one of two types, namely a single impact helmet or a multiple impact helmet. A single impact helmet will permanently deform under a single impact, while a multiple impact helmet can withstand multiple impacts. The wearer of a single impact head helmet includes, for example, a bicycle rider and a locomotive rider. On the other hand, entrants such as hockey and American football players and construction workers usually wear multiple impact helmets. Both helmets have a similar construction with: a semi-rigid outer casing for distributing the impact force over a wide area; a breakable layer located within the outer casing to reduce the effect on the wearer's head Impact force; and an internal lining that assists in conforming the helmet to the shape of the wearer's head. Invariably, such helmets also include a chin strap for securing the helmet to the wearer's head. Protective heads comprising a plurality of energy absorbing layers have recently been developed. Such headwear is disclosed in, for example, WO2006/089234 and WO2006/089235, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. As can be seen here, such helmets include a semi-rigid outer layer or outer casing, an inner layer, 201036564, and an intermediate layer between the outer layer and the inner layer. The intermediate layer includes a plurality of individual, compressible single chambers disposed in a void region comprising fluid comprising an inner layer and an outer layer. At least one channel is provided to allow fluid to exit the intermediate layer when the outer layer is deformed by the impact on the helmet. Such a thief may also include a dynamic inner lining 'the shape of which may be changed when the helmet is tied down and pulled down against the head to conform to the wearer's head; see WO2006/089089 . As can be seen from the disclosures of the above publications, the punching and absorbing single chamber of the intermediate layer of the helmet comprises at least one thin-walled capsule having an uncompressed configuration for defining a hollow chamber And a fluid amount at least partially filling the chamber; at least one of the orifices passing through the wall of the capsule is adapted to discharge fluid from the chamber in response to an impact on the capsule; The impact-absorbing mechanism associated with the capsule resists the fall caused by the initial phase of the impact on the capsule and succumbs to the impact after the initial phase of the impact so that the remainder of the impact can be discharged from the The fluid at the orifice is treated. In a preferred protective helmet, the dynamic inner lining includes a plurality of individual compressible members that are positioned at the single chamber locations and whose shape can be changed 'so that the helmet can be attached to the associated chin strap Matches the wearer's head when pulled down against the head. Thus, each of the chambers and corresponding compressible members form a single compression member. Although the above-described protective helmet and structure using such a shock absorbing compression member can perform its impact absorbing function quite well, the total thickness of the helmet layers may be much larger than desired. Furthermore, the compressible structure that forms the dynamic interior lining of the helmet 201036564 is typically only a plurality of foaming pads or bladders that are adhered to the underside of the associated single chamber, and are easily crushed by the impact force of the helmet. The wearer's head is compressed to the end, thus causing the wearer to feel uncomfortable. Just trying to increase the thickness of the mats to overcome this problem has led to an unpleasant increase in the size of the helmet. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a compression member having the properties of a shock absorber for providing an intermediate layer and a lining of a helmet or other protective structure. A further object of the present invention is to provide a compression member having a minimum thickness, however, the components of the compression member are not compressed to the end under the compressive forces they are subjected to during normal use. Another object of the present invention is to provide a compression member of this type that is relatively easy to releasably attach to an inner layer of a helmet or other protective structure. It is still another object of the present invention to provide such a compression member that, when coupled with a plurality of other similar members into a helmet, forms a headgear that can be comfortably worn for a long time, even when the helmet is repeatedly When it hits. Another object is to provide such a compression member that is comprised of molded plastic parts that are relatively easy to assemble. Other objects are partially apparent and will be apparent in part through the description below. The invention thus includes structural features, combinations of elements, and arrangements of parts, which are exemplified in the following detailed description, and the scope of the invention is defined in the scope of the claims. 201036564 In summary, the protective helmet compression member includes a hollow and axially symmetric compression chamber having a top wall, an arcuate side wall, and a bottom flange. The compression member also includes a compressible liner member that is mounted to the flange. The element includes a hollow flexible bladder having a bottom wall and a side wall extending upwardly/inwardly from the bottom wall and coupled to a radial projection fixed to be flush with the single chamber flange edge. The capsule is substantially filled with one or more elastic pads. Preferably, the single chamber is curved upwardly on the bottom wall of the inner side of the single chamber flange, resulting in the single chamber forming a dish or concave bottom surface to provide additional gaps for the mat(s). This, together with the configuration of the pad(s), allows the compression member to withstand a substantial compressive force without causing the liner member to compress against the bottom wall of the single chamber. As a result, when many of the compression members are broken into a protective structure such as an American football helmet, the structure can be worn comfortably for a long time, although it is subjected to repeated impact. [Embodiment] Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a plurality of compression members which can embody the present invention and include a landmark of 10 in a protective structure, that is, an outer layer or casing 显示 which is displayed by an imaginary line and a The inner football I consists of an American football helmet. The compression members 10 are releasably fastened to the inner layer 1. In the preceding publications, the outer casing is composed of a relatively rigid plastic material that is partially and radially deformable in response to impact, while the inner layer I is composed of a soft and less rigid material. Each of the compression members 1 includes: a hollow compressible elastic single chamber 12' extending between the inner layer and the outer layer; and a compressible liner member 14 disposed directly opposite the single chamber 12, And extending from the inner surface of the inner layer I. The individual chambers 12 collectively form a helmet intermediate layer in a void region between the outer layer and the inner layer, and the elements 14 collectively form a dynamic inner lining of the helmet. As shown in Fig. 4, each of the compression members 10 is fastened to a different opening P in the inner layer I by grasping the opening P in the associated single chamber 12 and its lining member 14. Achieved between the edges. The inner layer I is somewhat elastic so that the compression member 10 can be attached to the inner layer I by forcing its single chamber 12 through the opening p, wherein the edge of the opening p will now be snapped to It is surrounded by a surrounding recess in a single chamber, which will be detailed later. Each of the single chambers 12 includes: a top wall 22; an arcuate side wall 24 comprised of a pair of back-to-back frustoconical sections 24a and 24b; and a radial flange 26 free from the section 2 4b The lower edge projects outwardly, thereby leaving a central opening in the flange. A venting opening 27 is provided in the top wall 22. Q In one working example suitable for compression of an American football or motorcycle helmet, the top wall 22 has a diameter of 1.9 inches (in); the side wall 24 has a diameter of 2.0 inches at the equator and is at the segment 24a. There is an inclination angle of 0 from 155 to 162 degrees with 24b; and the flange 26 has an outer diameter of 2.3 inches. The single chamber 12 is constructed of a relatively rigid material (e.g., τ p u ), but allows the single chamber to be fully flexible so as to provide impact absorption characteristics as described in the aforementioned publications. A panel 28 of the same material, approximately 〇 〇 4 吋 thick, is placed against the bottom side of the flange 201036564, and the two are welded together at their edges so that the single chamber can be closed and completed. bottom. Preferably, the central portion 28a of the panel is dome-shaped or upwardly curved (a deflection of about 0.08 inches) so as to conform to a typical head curvature (for reasons to be described later). Similarly, a circular step or wall _ 28b can be placed on the upper surface of the panel to center the single chamber on the panel. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the lining element 14 is coaxial with the single chamber 12 and has approximately the same footprint as the single chamber. Each element 14 is a composite structure consisting of a cup of hollow hollow capsule or membrane 32, a soft first elastic pad 34, and a smaller and dense second elastic pad 36, rather than a A simple compressible hollow bellows-shaped capsule as described in the aforementioned publications. The capsule 32 is constructed of a flexible plastic material such as TPU. The bladder includes a circular bottom wall 38 having a gently circumferential edge 38a that extends upwardly to a radially outer edge of a relatively rigid annular shoulder 42. The inner edge of the shoulder 42 is connected to a short (e.g., 〇.〇6吋) upright neck 44, the upper end of which is converted into a radially outward flange 46. The outer diameter of the flange 46 is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the flange 26 of the single chamber 12 and the plate member 28. According to the present invention, the bottom walls 38, 38 & of the bladder 32 are strong but also very thin and soft, while the shoulders, neck and flange of the bladder have thicker walls so that they can be individually compared Hard. In the above working example, the walls 38, 38a have a thickness of 0.02 ,, while the shoulders, neck and flange have wall thicknesses of 0.02, 0.03 and 0.03, respectively. In the above example of the compression member 10, the total height of the lining elements is about 0.33 。. 201036564 As best shown in Figures 3 and 4, the pad 34 is die cut from a foamed material such as an open cell polyurethane foam having a density of 18 to 15 pounds per cubic foot (lb/ft 3 ). The diameter of the pad (e.g., 2.05 inch) and thickness (e.g., 0.28 inch) will allow it to fit within the range of the balloon bottom walls 38, 38a. On the other hand, the smaller pad 36 is formed from a relatively rigid plastic foam material (e.g., vinyl 602 having a density of 17 to 25 pounds per cubic inch), and the diameter of the pad (e.g., 1.4).吋) and thickness (e.g., 〇. 2 〇Ο 吋) will be configurable within the neck 44 of the bladder 3 2 between the pad 36 and the plate 28. The pads 34 and 36 are circularly cut as shown in Fig. 3 (not the fourth drawing). The pads will take the shape shown in Figure 4 when the capsule or membrane body 38, 38a is mounted around it. In order to assemble the lining element 14 to the single chamber 12, the pad 34 is inserted into the capsule 3 2 so as to be in close contact with the bottom wall 38. Next, the pad 36 is placed against the bottom side of the panel portion 28a located in the neck portion 44. In order to hold the pad 36 in place during assembly, an adhesive or double-sided tape (not shown) can be interposed between the pad 36 and the plate portion 28a. Finally, the flange 46 of the bladder 32 and the flange 26 of the single chamber 12 are coaxially disposed together and welded or otherwise tied together as shown at 50 in Figure 4. This leaves the shoulder 42 and the neck 44 free to flex in the axial direction. Preferably, the thickness of the pad 36 will be such that when the two flanges are fastened together at 50, the two pads 34 and 36 will substantially fill the gap between the plate member 28 and the bottom walls 38, 38a to facilitate the lining elements. The bottom side of the 14 may constitute a soft cushion that conforms to the shape of any surface that contacts the wall 201036564. When the helmet is on the wearer's head, the lining element 14 is subjected to a high compressive force due to the impact on the helmet, at which point the element will be axially movable relative to the single chamber 12 and the mats may be present The possibility of compressing the lining element 14 to the end is minimized. The central portion 28a of the panel member 28 (i.e., the region thereof located within the single chamber 12) is upwardly curved or dished as described above, which is also helpful in this regard because it is in the panel and the wearer's head. An additional gap is provided between them without increasing the overall height of the compression member 10. For a single chamber 10 used in a helmet, this height is typically about 2.0 inches. When this single chamber is used for other purposes (such as an ankle shock absorber), the height can be as small as 1.0 吋. When an athlete wears a helmet, the composite lining element 14 of each compression member 10 conforms to the wearer's head, which results in a very comfortable fit between the helmet and the head. However, each of the compression members 10 still has a very low profile within the helmet to prevent the helmet from being larger than the conventional helmet without the compression members 10. Finally, because of the aforementioned composite structure of the lining element 14, the element is unlikely to compress to the end during normal use of the helmet. It can thus be seen that the items apparent from the above description will be efficiently achieved. In addition, some modifications may be made in the foregoing construction without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, although the single chamber 12 of the above-described compression member 1 has a circular cross section, other single chamber shapes are also possible as long as the edges of the single chamber can form a symmetrical shape, as shown in the above US200 7/0 190292. The points are grouped in a particular pattern as specified in the case, and the lining element 14 has approximately the same footprint as the single chamber flange. Similarly, the pads 34' 36 are not formed as separate elements, but are formed into a unit having a varying density, or formed as an assembly of elastic particles. Therefore, it is intended that all matter contained in the foregoing descriptions It is to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all of the general and specific features of the invention described herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to further understand the nature and purpose of the present invention, reference is made to the detailed description set forth in the above section and reference to the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. Side view of a protective helmet with a plurality of compression members; Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing one of a plurality of compression members of the helmet shown in Fig. 1 in a larger scale; A perspective view of the compression member shown in Fig. 2 is shown in detail; and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3 - 3 of Fig. 2. [Main component symbol description] 10 Compression part 12 Single chamber 14 Lining element 22 Top wall 24 Side wall -11- 201036564
24a、 24b 節段 26 凸緣 27 通風孔 28 板件 28a 中央區域 28b 圓階/壁 32 囊體 34、36 墊 3 8 底壁 3 8a 邊緣 42 肩部 44 頸部 46 凸緣 H 頭盔 I 內層 0 外層/外殼 P 開口24a, 24b Section 26 Flange 27 Ventilation hole 28 Plate 28a Central area 28b Round step/wall 32 Capsule 34, 36 Pad 3 8 Bottom wall 3 8a Edge 42 Shoulder 44 Neck 46 Flange H Helmet I Inner layer 0 outer layer / outer casing P opening