201023635 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 一種直方圖計算方法，特別是指一種將圖片分解成複 數個局部圖片，對每一局部圖片採樣並將採樣數值轉換為 直方圖的計算方法。 【先前技術】 就現卜的數位相機或數位攝影機在拍攝相片、圖片戋 影片前’會先拍攝-基準影像，依據基準影像的亮度資訊 產生$示全像素之亮度分布的直方圖，根據一計算方式產 生色彩飽和度、曝光度、白平衡等調整用的數值。數位相 機域位攝影機會根據此等數值調整自身的拍攝參數，再 =仃=攝’以避免拍攝的相片、圖片或影片產生色偏、光 衫、反白、影像模糊等問題。 =先前技術乃具有可更加完善之處，即現行市面上的 ❹ 建照相功能，但手機廠商在製造手機時，會先行 用内建數於手機中因此手機或手機的使用者僅能使 參數的4式的調整參數，未有計算直方圖以供調整拍攝 :八月b。而且’手機的顯示畫面-般過小，用戶有時 I地刀辨照片的曝光、色彩飽和度及白平衡等問題。因此， 的相機拍攝出來的照片乃會有色偏 像模糊等等問題。 % κ包的 【發明内容】 ;此本發明所欲解決之帛題係在於提供一種供 201023635 計算出拍照用的調整參數，或供 」生方法。用者參考的直方圖的產 η ' 為解決上述方法問題，本發明所提供夕# ，露一種根據數位影像產生直方圖的方手段係揭 ' 攝此力之手持裝置，手持裝置係先拍攝_基準圖 .# ’再將基準⑽劃分成複數個局部圖，計 圖之-採樣值，最後將所有採樣值轉換為一直方局口Ρ ❹ 本發明係具有較先前技術更為卓越的功效： 考以^二=速的產生直方圖於手持裝置中，供使用者參 内手持裝置的拍攝參數。或者，業者可於手持裝置 調整自身調整機制，令手持裝置根據直方圖透過調整機制 身的拍攝參數’以提升手持裝置的適用性。 手持萝此方法中，基準圖片會被劃分成複數個局部圖， 的數Γ置再逐—的計算各局㈣所屬的採樣值，而採樣值 ®樣以夏係等於局部圖的數量’而非一般對每一像素直接採 同—進行直方圖的轉換與計算’因此直方圖產生過程中， 體於時間並不會有大量的資料需進行計算，同樣適用於硬 =力較低’無法計算龐大的資料量的手持裝置，進而提 升手持裝置的適用性。 【實施方式】 了解^對本發明之終點、構造特徵及其功能有進一步之 敏配合相關實施例及圖式詳細說明如下： ,參照圖1 ’其為本發明實施例之流程示意圖。此方 201023635 _法適祕可拍攝數位影像之讀裝置，此方法之流程如下： :首先，使用者先利用手持裝置先拍攝一基準圖片⑽ , (步驟 S110)。 ' 料照圖2，其為本發明實施例之基準®片示意圖， 此基準圖片100可為二種類型，一者為使用者先利用手持 裝置拍攝出—數位相片，以形成數位圖槽，或暫存播儲存 於手持裝置。 ❿ 另一者，此基準圖片100可為手持裝置之拍攝鏡頭所 對準拍攝位置的投影，手持裝置可先將此投影儲存形成暫、 存檔並儲存於手持裝置的記憶體（如記憶卡、快閃記憶體、 或暫存器）中。 手持裝置將基準圖片100劃分成複數個局部圖110(步 驟S120) *手持裳置劃分基準圖片1〇〇的方式如下·· 其 由手持農置設定一劃分區域，此劃分區域為長 方形或正方形，但不以此二種方式為限，只要是邊界可完 ©整重接並層層相叠的形狀即可，如正三邊形與正六邊形^ 可作為劃分區域的形狀。 假設劃分區域為正方形時，手持裝 置根據此劃分區域 畫J刀基準圖片1〇〇，產生複數個由長方形與正方形赤 的局部圖110。 、、成 長方形局部圖110的產生，是因為下列幾種原因造 成（1)基準圖>} 1 〇〇的長度不為劃分區域之長度的倍數. (2)基準圖片1〇〇的寬度不為劃分區域之寬度的倍數；（/) [S1 6 201023635 基準圖片100的長度不為劃分區域之寬度的倍 準圖片1QG的寬度不為劃分區域之長度的倍數；（4)基 圖片1⑽的長度不為劃分區域之長度的倍數土準 1〇〇的寬度不為劃分區域之寬度的倍數，g 土:，片 情形同時存在;⑷基準圖片10。的長度不== 寬度的倍數，且基叫则咖一== 的倍數，即⑺、⑷的情形同時存在。域之長度 劃分形時，也可能因為上述原因產生與 不同的局部圖，在此即不資述。 ―’由手持装置計算基準圖片_ 再將其等分成複數個相同形狀或 L、寬又’ 請依序參照圖3A與圖3B，圖3,係::局部圖⑽。 例之基準圖片正方形切割示音圖，国。係為本發明第一實施 施例之基準圖片正方形切： B係為本發明第-實 ❹ 單位。手持裝置將基準圖片⑽的長~ 50像素（PixeU 1〇,以劃分出長度與寬度皆為5 :承以20，寬度除以 局部圖110。 ’、早位（即正方形）的 又例，請依序參照圖4A與圖4β， 二實施例之基準圖片正方形切割示 4Α係為本發明第 第二實施例之基準圖片正方形切割—圖4β係為本發明 i⑽的長度與寬度各為】卯像素（=不意圖。基準圖片 (pixel)單位，手持裝置將基準 單位與50像素 月100的長度除以， 201023635 寬度除以1G，1續分出長料10像素單位與寬度為5像 ； 素單位（即長方形）的局部圖。 * 計算出每—局部圖11G之—採樣值（步驟s則。此201023635 VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field of invention] A histogram calculation method, in particular, a calculation method for decomposing a picture into a plurality of partial pictures, sampling each partial picture and converting the sampled values into a histogram. [Prior Art] A digital camera or digital camera that captures a photo, a picture, a video, and a reference image, and generates a histogram showing the brightness distribution of the full pixel according to the brightness information of the reference image, according to a calculation. The method produces values for adjustments such as color saturation, exposure, and white balance. The digital camera field camera adjusts its shooting parameters according to these values, and then =仃=photographed to avoid problems such as color cast, light shirt, reverse white, and blurred image of photos, pictures or videos. = The prior art has more perfect features, that is, the current camera function in the market, but when the mobile phone manufacturer manufactures the mobile phone, it will first use the built-in number in the mobile phone, so the user of the mobile phone or mobile phone can only make parameters. 4 type adjustment parameters, no calculation of the histogram for adjustment shooting: August b. Moreover, the display screen of the mobile phone is too small, and the user sometimes recognizes the exposure, color saturation and white balance of the photo. Therefore, the photos taken by the camera are subject to problems such as blurring of the color image. [Abstract] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an adjustment parameter for calculating photographs for 201023635, or a method for providing a living. In order to solve the above-mentioned method problem, the present invention provides a method for generating a histogram according to a digital image to expose a handheld device that captures the force, and the handheld device is first shot _ The reference map .# ' divides the reference (10) into a plurality of partial maps, the calculated values of the maps, and finally converts all the sampled values into a straight-lined port. ❹ The present invention has superior effects over the prior art: The histogram is generated in the handheld device by means of ^2=speed for the user to participate in the shooting parameters of the handheld device. Alternatively, the operator can adjust the self-adjustment mechanism of the handheld device to enable the handheld device to improve the suitability of the handheld device by adjusting the shooting parameters of the mechanism according to the histogram. In this method, the reference picture will be divided into a plurality of partial maps, and the number of samples will be calculated one by one to calculate the sample values to which each office (4) belongs, and the sample value of the sample is equal to the number of partial maps in summer. For each pixel directly - the conversion and calculation of the histogram - so in the histogram generation process, there is not a large amount of data to be calculated in time, the same applies to hard = low force 'can not calculate huge The amount of data in the handheld device, thereby improving the suitability of the handheld device. [Embodiment] It is to be understood that the present invention and the functions of the present invention are further described as follows: Referring to Figure 1 ', it is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention. This method 201023635 _ law is suitable for taking digital image reading device, the flow of this method is as follows: First, the user first takes a reference picture (10) by using the handheld device (step S110). FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reference template of an embodiment of the present invention. The reference picture 100 can be of two types. One is that the user first takes a digital photo by using a handheld device to form a digital bitmap slot, or The temporary broadcast is stored in the handheld device.另一 The other one, the reference picture 100 can be a projection of the shooting position of the handheld device, and the handheld device can first store the projection to form a temporary storage, storage and storage in the memory of the handheld device (such as a memory card, fast). Flash memory, or scratchpad). The handheld device divides the reference picture 100 into a plurality of partial maps 110 (step S120). The manner in which the handheld slides divide the reference picture 1〇〇 is as follows: • The divided area is set by a handheld farm, and the divided area is a rectangle or a square. However, it is not limited to the two methods, as long as the boundary can be completed and the layers are stacked, such as a regular triangle and a regular hexagon, as the shape of the divided area. Assuming that the divided area is a square, the hand-held device draws a J-shaped reference picture 1〇〇 according to the divided area, and generates a plurality of partial maps 110 of rectangles and squares. The generation of the rectangular partial map 110 is caused by the following reasons: (1) the reference map >} The length of the 〇〇 is not a multiple of the length of the divided region. (2) The width of the reference image 1〇〇 is not Is a multiple of the width of the divided area; (/) [S1 6 201023635 The length of the reference picture 100 is not the width of the divided area. The width of the picture 1QG is not a multiple of the length of the divided area; (4) the length of the base picture 1 (10) The width which is not a multiple of the length of the divided area is not a multiple of the width of the divided area, g soil: the slice case exists at the same time; (4) the reference picture 10. The length is not == a multiple of the width, and the base is a multiple of ===, that is, the cases of (7) and (4) exist simultaneously. The length of the domain When dividing the shape, it may also produce different partial maps for the above reasons, which is not mentioned here. ― 'The reference picture is calculated by the hand-held device _ and then divided into a plurality of identical shapes or L, width and then. Please refer to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B in sequence, and FIG. 3 is: a partial view (10). Example of the base picture square cut the sound map, country. The reference picture is a square cut of the first embodiment of the present invention: B is the first-actual unit of the present invention. The handheld device will use the reference picture (10) to be ~50 pixels long (PixeU 1〇, to divide the length and width into 5: 20, the width divided by the partial map 110. ', the early position (ie square), please Referring to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4β in sequence, the reference picture square cut of the second embodiment is the reference picture square cut of the second embodiment of the present invention—FIG. 4β is the length and width of the present invention i(10). (=Not intended. The reference picture (pixel) unit, the handheld device divides the base unit by 50 pixels month 100 by the length, 201023635 width divided by 1G, 1 continues to divide the long material 10 pixels unit and the width is 5 images; a partial map of (ie, a rectangle). * Calculate the sample value for each - part of Figure 11G (step s. This
步驟中，手持裝置舍I —會先建立一個採樣表，此採樣表的攔位 數量與局部圖110的數量相同。 他ί者’手持裝置會將所有局部圖110進行排列，建立 一個讀取順序。之後， 却園11η . 手持裝置會依序取得一未採樣之局 4圖110，然後讀取此局 Ο机比^ 局邛圖110中，各個像素的三原色 ν數值。手持裝置會累加 ^ 的三原色數值以形成部圖η〇中’所有像素 對應上述的三原色。—此三原色總值係個別 舉例來=當前讀取的局㈣nG的長與寬 =’故此未取樣的局部圖11〇即有· 象 像素早位。手持裝置會計算出此刚像素單位中，每一 像素代表的三原色數值，也就是rgb 固 ❹幽，綠㈣，贿，藍色)。因此，心 有100個R原色數值、1〇〇個G原色數值與1〇〇 ，、 數值。手持裝置會把100個R原色數值累加成一個R斥色 總值，把100個G原色數值累加成一個G原色總值，把原色 個B原色數值累加成一個B原色總值。 1⑽ 然後，手持裝置會根據未採樣之局部圖11〇之戶 素的數量與所有原色總值計算出複數個原色平均值所有像 原色平均值即指原色總值除以像素的數量產生的數值 201023635 本例進仃解說，原色平均值分別有R原色平均值 :色總值除以= 值除以100 (傻D I b原色總 以iku 原色平均值，即B原色總值除 ' Ml象素數4 )°而原色平均值即為R原色平均值、G 原色平均值與B原色平均值的總和平均值。 後手持裝置會轉換所有原色平均值與局部平均信 為前述的採樣值，並導人採樣表的制攔位中。也就是^值 當刖採樣第1個順序的局部圖11〇，手持装置即 = ==，表的第1個攔位;當前採樣第53個順:的 ==置即將此次的_ —^ _ 然後，手持裝置會判斷所有局部圖11〇是否 完成，當判斷為是，即停止對局部圖110進行採樣。當判 斷為否，即按照尚未採樣之局部圖110的順序，依序I 採樣之局部圖110進行採樣。 然上述步驟中，為加快採樣值的過程，手持裝置可採 用-多執行線（multi-thread)計算方法，或者是採用_ 多工（multi task)或分時（yme_sharing)計算方法， 以實質上同時計算二個以上的局部圖11{)之採樣值。 此外’採樣值係為RGB565格式、RGB444格式、RGB555 格式、RGB666或RGB332格式。每一採樣值内含有R原 色平均值、G原色平均值與b原色平均值，一般是由雙字 節（Double WORD，DWORD)的資料形式表示此等數值，每 201023635 一個原色平均值的數值為0至31。 ; 最後，手持裝置會將所有採樣值轉換為一直方圖（步 .驟S140)。此步驟中，手持裝置會依據採樣表的欄位順序， ，導出採樣表的採樣值至—直方圖的數據結構。就本實施 例，此直方圖的數據結構為：In the step, the handheld device first establishes a sampling table, and the number of blocks in the sampling table is the same as the number of the partial map 110. The user's handheld device will arrange all of the partial maps 110 to establish a reading order. After that, the handheld device will sequentially obtain an unsampled office 4 map 110, and then read the value of the three primary colors of each pixel in the local computer. The handheld device accumulates the three primary color values of ^ to form the "top pixels" of all the pixels corresponding to the above three primary colors. - The total values of the three primary colors are individually exemplified = the length and width of the currently read office (four) nG = 'so the unsampled partial map 11 有 has the pixel early position. The handheld device calculates the three primary color values represented by each pixel in this pixel unit, that is, rgb solid, green (four), bribe, blue). Therefore, the heart has 100 R primary color values, 1 G primary color values and 1 〇〇, and numerical values. The handheld device accumulates 100 R primary color values into a total R color total value, accumulates 100 G primary color values into a G primary color total value, and accumulates the primary color B primary color values into a B primary color total value. 1(10) Then, the handheld device calculates a plurality of primary color average values based on the number of unsampled partial maps and the total number of all primary colors. All the primary color average values refer to the total value of the primary colors divided by the number of pixels. 201023635 In this example, the average of the primary colors has the average of the R primary colors: the total value of the color divided by the value of = divided by 100 (the stupid DI b primary color is always the average of the iku primary color, that is, the total value of the B primary colors divided by 'Ml pixels 4 °) The average of the primary colors is the sum of the R primary color average, the G primary color average, and the B primary color average. The rear handheld device converts all primary color averages and local average signals to the aforementioned sample values and directs them into the block of the sample table. That is, when the value is sampled, the partial sequence of the first sequence is 11〇, the handheld device is ===, the first block of the table; the current sample is 53rd:============ _ Then, the handheld device will judge whether all the partial maps 11〇 are completed, and when it is judged as YES, the sampling of the partial map 110 is stopped. When the determination is no, that is, in the order of the partial maps 110 that have not been sampled, the partial map 110 of the sequential I samples is sampled. However, in the above steps, in order to speed up the process of sampling values, the handheld device may adopt a multi-thread calculation method, or adopt a _multi task or a time division (yme_sharing) calculation method to substantially Simultaneously calculate the sample values of more than two partial maps 11{). In addition, the sampled values are in RGB565 format, RGB444 format, RGB555 format, RGB666 or RGB332 format. Each sample value contains the R primary color average value, the G primary color average value and the b primary color average value. Generally, the value is represented by a double-byte (Double WORD, DWORD) data form, and the average value of one primary color per 201023635 is 0 to 31. Finally, the handheld device converts all sampled values into a histogram (step S140). In this step, the handheld device derives the sampled value of the sampling table to the data structure of the histogram according to the field order of the sampling table. For this embodiment, the data structure of this histogram is:
Hist{R(n) ， G(n) ， B(n) ， W(n)} ; Hist[32]。 上列數據結構中’ Hist係指Hist〇gram，即直方圖的 籲*文名稱，R(n)係指r原色平均值，G(n)係指G原色平均 值，B⑻係指B原色平均值，w(n)係指—局部平均值，n 係指當前採樣值所屬的採樣表的攔位順序，同時也代表局 4圖110的順序。此w(n)係指第η個局部圖11〇對應的局 部平均值。此局部平均值係為第η個局部圖110的R(n)， G(n)，B(n)三個原色平均值的平均數。 明參照圖5’其為本發明實施例之直方圖顯示示意圖。 +持裝置所顯不的直方圖，係具有四個曲線，而產生直方 ©圖所參照的數值個數’係與局部圖11〇的數量相同。因此， 手持裝置可為硬體效能不高，但具有簡易的散入式系統的 個人數位助理、手機’或者為安裝有如Windows Mobile或 Windows CE般可執行多執行線（Muiti Thread)、進行多 工（Multl-Task)或分時（time-sharing)等計算的智慧 型手機。 雖然本發明以前述之較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非 用以限定本發明’任何熟習相像技藝者，在不脫離本發明 201023635 之精神和範圍内，所作更動與潤飾之等效替換，仍為本發 * 明之專利保護範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係本發明實施例之流程示意圖； 圖2係本發明實施例之基準圖片示意圖； 圖3A係本發明第一實施例之基準圖片正方形切割示意圖； 圖3B係本發明第一實施例之基準圖片正方形切割完成示 意圖； #| ^ 圖4A係本發明第二實施例之基準圖片長方形切割示意圖； 圖4B係本發明第二實施例之基準圖片長方形切割完成示 意圖；以及 圖5係本發明實施例之直方圖顯示示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 100 基準圖片 110 局部圖 I si 11Hist{R(n) , G(n) , B(n) , W(n)} ; Hist[32]. In the above data structure, 'Hist refers to Hist〇gram, which is the name of the histogram, R(n) refers to the average value of r primary colors, G(n) refers to the average value of G primary colors, and B(8) refers to the average of primary colors of B. The value, w(n) is the local average, and n is the order of the sampling table to which the current sample value belongs, and also represents the order of Figure 4 of Figure 4. This w(n) refers to the local average of the nth partial map 11〇. This local average is the average of the average of the three primary colors of R(n), G(n), and B(n) of the nth partial map 110. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a histogram display of an embodiment of the present invention. + The histogram displayed by the device has four curves, and the number of numerical values referred to by the histogram © is the same as the number of the partial FIG. Therefore, the handheld device can be a personal digital assistant with a simple hard-working system, a mobile phone' or a multi-execution line (Muiti Thread) installed for Windows Mobile or Windows CE. (Multl-Task) or time-sharing calculations such as smart phones. Although the present invention has been described above in terms of the preferred embodiments thereof, it is not intended to limit the invention, and the equivalent of the modification and retouching of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention 201023635 It is within the scope of patent protection of this product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reference picture of a reference image of the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram showing a rectangular cut of a reference picture according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4B is a schematic view showing a rectangular cut of a reference picture according to a second embodiment of the present invention; 5 is a schematic diagram showing a histogram display of an embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 100 reference picture 110 Partial view I si 11