201016491 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 特別是指一種具水喷 本發明是有關於一種喷射引擎 嘴的機車喷射引擎。 【先前技術】 參閲圖1，為日本第56_092323號之引擎裝置的發明專 利案，該引擎裝置包括-汽缸頭u、—形成於該汽缸頭n 内的燃燒室12、-裝設於該汽缸頭u上且可與該燃燒室ι2 • 連通的進氣管13、一設置於該進氣管13上的水噴射嘴14 、-設置於該汽缸頭n上的燃油喷射嘴15，及一可活動地 設於=汽缸頭U上且可封閉該燃燒室12的進氣間門16。 當儲存於該油箱（圖未示）内之燃料藉由該燃油喷射嘴15 朝向該燃燒室！2的方向喷人時，該水噴射嘴14係將水霧 ^該進氣管13中噴入，使該水霧經該進氣管13的氣流而 机入該燃燒室12中，進而使該燃燒室12中的油氣與水霧 混合，藉此降低該引擎裝置爆震的機率。 ® 然而’該水噴射嘴I4之水霧是先喷入該進氣管13中 再利用該進氣管13的進氣氣流’將水霧噴入該燃燒室12 内’而§亥水嘴射嘴14所設計的喷射方向，是往該進氣管13 之内壁面進行喷射’容易造成該水霧附著於該進氣管13之 内壁面上’產生水的聚積現象而形成水珠，因而降低其油 氣與水霧的混合效果，相對使該燃燒室12產生燃燒不完全 的現象。 參閲圖2，為曰本特開昭第58·28558號之發明專利案 201016491 ，該專利案亦是為一引擎裝置，與圖1的不同之處在於、. 該引擎裝置之水嗔嘴π是固設在一汽缸頭18 1， 到降低爆震機率的效果。 $ 不過，該水喷嘴17是固設在該汽虹頭18上使該★-缸頭18必須自該本體冑⑻延伸加長_延伸部182,：： 以供該水喷嘴17設置在該汽缸頭18之延伸部182 因 此，該汽缸頭18的尺寸較大，使該水噴嘴17只適合組裝 於特定的該汽缸頭18上而無法安裝在其他的 ' 僅限縮該水喷嘴Π的安裝使用範圍，更增加該該汽缸二 的體積。 @ 【發明内容】 因此’本發明之目的，即在提供一種具水喷嘴的機車 喷射引擎’用以有效降低ΝΟχ的含量。 於是，本發明具水噴嘴的機車噴射引擎，包含—引擎 單元、一進氣單元、一燃油喷嘴，及一水喷嘴。 該引擎單元包括一汽缸頭、一與該汽缸頭組合的汽缸 蓋、一形成於該汽缸頭内的燃燒室、一形成於該汽缸頭内 且連通該燃燒室的進氣閥口、一設於該汽缸頭内且可封閉 該進氣閥口的進氣閥門、一形成於該汽缸頭内且連通該燃 燒至的排氣閥口，及一形成於該汽紅頭内且可封閉該排氣 閥口的排氣閥門。 該進氣單元包括一連通該引擎單元之燃燒室的進氣管 ，及一組合於該進氣管上的節流閥體。 該燃油喷嘴是裝設在該進氣管上，且該燃油噴嘴可喷 4 201016491 射出一燃油喷束。 該水噴嘴是裝設在該進氣管上，且該水喷嘴與該燃油 嘴嘴相間隔，該水喷嘴可直接往該引擎單元之進氣閥口噴 射出一水喷束。 本發明之功效，藉由該水喷嘴往該引擎單元之進氣閥 口嗔射出水噴束，使該水喷束直接喷入該引擎單元之燃燒 室避免水霧在該進氣單元之進氣管内累積而影響油氣 與水霧的混合效果’進而降低其燃燒溫度而減少Ν〇χ排放201016491 VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] In particular, it relates to a water jet spray. The present invention relates to a locomotive injection engine for a jet engine nozzle. [Prior Art] Referring to Fig. 1, an invention patent of an engine unit of Japanese Patent No. 56-092323, the engine unit includes a cylinder head u, a combustion chamber 12 formed in the cylinder head n, and a cylinder An intake pipe 13 on the head u and in communication with the combustion chamber ι2, a water injection nozzle 14 disposed on the intake pipe 13, a fuel injection nozzle 15 disposed on the cylinder head n, and a The intake door 16 is movably disposed on the cylinder head U and can close the combustion chamber 12. When the fuel stored in the fuel tank (not shown) is directed toward the combustion chamber by the fuel injection nozzle 15! When the direction of 2 is sprayed, the water spray nozzle 14 injects the water mist into the intake pipe 13, and the water mist is introduced into the combustion chamber 12 through the air flow of the intake pipe 13, thereby The oil and gas in the combustion chamber 12 is mixed with the water mist, thereby reducing the probability of knocking of the engine unit. ® However, the water mist of the water injection nozzle I4 is first injected into the intake pipe 13 and then the intake air flow of the intake pipe 13 is used to inject the water mist into the combustion chamber 12. The injection direction of the nozzle 14 is such that the injection of the water on the inner wall surface of the intake pipe 13 is likely to cause the water mist to adhere to the inner wall surface of the intake pipe 13 to form water droplets, thereby reducing the water droplets. The mixing effect of the oil and gas and the water mist relatively causes the combustion chamber 12 to be incompletely burned. Referring to FIG. 2, the invention patent case 201016491 of the Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-28558 is also an engine device, which differs from that of FIG. 1 in that the water nozzle of the engine device is π. It is fixed on a cylinder head 18 1, to reduce the probability of knocking. $ However, the water nozzle 17 is fixed to the steam head 18 such that the cylinder head 18 must extend from the body bore (8) to lengthen the extension 182, for: the water nozzle 17 is disposed at the cylinder head Thus, the extension of the cylinder head 18 is such that the size of the cylinder head 18 is large, so that the water nozzle 17 is only suitable for assembly on a particular cylinder head 18 and cannot be installed in other installations that are limited to the water nozzle only. The volume of the cylinder 2 is further increased. @发明发明 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a locomotive injection engine having a water nozzle for effectively reducing the content of ruthenium. Accordingly, the locomotive injection engine of the present invention having a water nozzle includes an engine unit, an air intake unit, a fuel nozzle, and a water nozzle. The engine unit includes a cylinder head, a cylinder head combined with the cylinder head, a combustion chamber formed in the cylinder head, an intake valve port formed in the cylinder head and communicating with the combustion chamber, and a An intake valve in the cylinder head that can close the intake valve port, an exhaust valve port formed in the cylinder head and communicating with the combustion, and a gas valve formed in the steam head and can close the exhaust valve Vent valve. The air intake unit includes an intake pipe that communicates with the combustion chamber of the engine unit, and a throttle body that is combined with the intake pipe. The fuel nozzle is mounted on the intake pipe, and the fuel nozzle can spray a fuel spray. The water nozzle is mounted on the air inlet pipe, and the water nozzle is spaced apart from the fuel nozzle. The water nozzle can directly spray a water spray to the intake valve port of the engine unit. The effect of the invention is that the water nozzle sprays the water spray to the intake valve port of the engine unit, so that the water spray is directly injected into the combustion chamber of the engine unit to avoid the water mist from entering the intake unit. Accumulation in the pipe affects the mixing effect of oil and gas and water mist', thereby reducing its combustion temperature and reducing strontium emissions
的含量，再者，部分水喷束的水氣於該進氣管中亦蒸發而 吸收其内部熱量而降低該進氣管的溫度，進而提升進氣的 效能。 【實施方式】 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配合參考圖式之一個較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可 清楚的呈現。 參閱圖3 ’本發明具水噴嘴的機車噴射引擎包含一引 擎早兀2、-進氣單元3、一燃油噴嘴4,及一水噴嘴5。 參閱圖3、4’該引擎單元2包括-汽㈣21、一斑該 汽缸頭21組合的汽缸蓋22 ' 一形成 ^ 小成於該η*缸頭21内的燃 f23、—形成於該汽紅頭21内且連通該燃燒室23的進 ^口 設於該汽㈣21内且可封閉該進氣閥口24 的進氣閥門25、一形成於該汽缸 Μ认灿#明 ^ Λ 確21内且連通該燃燒室 23的排軋閥口 26,及一形成於該 排氣閱口 26_氣_^ 頭21内且可封閉該 201016491 广該進氣單元3包括一連通該引擎單元2之燃燒室幻的 進氣管31，及一組合於該進氣管31上的節流閥體32，其 中，該進氣管31具有一組合於該引擎單元2之汽缸頭21 的凸緣部311、-自該凸緣部3n延伸且連接該節流間體Μ 的管體部312、-自該凸緣部311延伸的—第—安裝部313 ，及一自該管體部312延伸且與該第一安裝部313相間隔 的第二安裝部3i4,該進氣管31之凸緣部3n與該汽缸頭 21之間會設有一隔熱墊9,用以隔絕該引擎單元2之熱能 傳導於該進氣管31上。 該燃油喷嘴4是裝設在該進氣管31之第—安裝部313 上’且與該機車之油箱（圖未示）相連通，且該燃油喷嘴4可 噴射出燃油喷束41，用以將儲存於該油箱内之燃料以朝 向該引擎單元2之進氣閥σ 24的方向噴人該燃燒室^内 ’在本實施例巾，所採用之關為—般車輛所使用之無热 汽油’此外，該燃油…為一電子式喷嘴，並可依照使 用者所施予之加油量之來調整喷入燃料之多募，由於喷油 :之控制及其與該進氣管31之進氣量的整合在業界中是屬 相當習知的控制技術，在此即不加以贅述。 該水喷嘴5是裝設在該進氣管31之第二安裝部314上 :且該水噴嘴5與該燃油噴嘴4相間隔，並且該水喷七 :設於該燃油噴嘴4與該進氣單元3的節流閥體Μ之間， 該水噴嘴5可直接往該引擎單 平之進氣閥口 24喷射出— 水喷束51，在本實施例中，該姆 燃，由嘴嘴4與水喷嘴5是分 別女裝在該第一安裝部313與第 X衣邵314，不過，亦可 201016491 « * 冑該燃油噴嘴4與水噴嘴5分別安裝在該第二安裝部BA 與第-安裝部313 ’並不以本實施例所揭限。 -配合參閱圖5,界定一穿過該進氣閥口 25之中心的心 抽假想線6,該水噴嘴5所喷射出的水噴束51是部分重叠 在該心轴假想線6上，由於該水喷嘴5喷人該進氣閥口 25 内之物質為水霧’可降低其燃燒的溫度，因而相對減少 N〇X的排放量，…該水噴束51是直接往該進氣閥口 25 喷射:較不易殘留於該進氣管31心可避免水霧累積於該 _ 進氣管31中而造成燃燒不全的現象。 再者，該水喷束51在往該進氣閥口 25喷射的過程中 ’其中的水氣會部分在該進氣管31中亦蒸發，而使水氣吸 收該進氣管31内部的熱量而降低該進氣管31的溫度進 而提升進氣的效率。 依據上述之設計，空氣由該進氣管31輸入該汽缸頭21 中，並配合該燃油喷嘴4與水噴嘴5分別所喷射出的燃油 喷束41與水喷束51，如圖6、7所示，於特定轉速及油門 i 開度的測試結果（轉速為4〇〇〇rpm、油門開度為2〇% )，相較 於以燃油爆炸燃燒，水油比〇 62:1下混合於該燃燒室23内 爆炸燃燒後，其中NOX的含量，降低至混合前的35%且扭 力（Torque)下降至混合前的94% ，因此以水油比〇 62:1下混 合可大幅降低ΝΟχ排放量，並且使其扭力（T〇rque)具有較少 的衰減值。 藉由透過設於該進氣管31之第二安裝部314上的水噴 嘴5，利用水噴束51以水霧的型態喷入該燃燒室23，使其 201016491 中的油氣與水霧均勻混合，由於水之潛熱高，於氣化蒸發 過程會吸㈣多熱量，故可降低燃燒溫度來減少N〇x排放 再者部刀水喷束51的水氣於該進氣管31中亦蒸發而 吸收其内部熱量，亦可降低該進氣管31的溫度，進而提升 進氣的效能。 而且，該水喷嘴5可依引擎實際運轉狀態之不同，來 控制喷水時機及喷水量，故於控制策略設計面極具彈性， 再者該水嘴嘴5裝設於該進氣管3之凸緣部311可組合於 其他的汽缸頭，而且該進氣管3之第一 '二安裝部313、 314亦可安裝不同的喷嘴’因此，並不需改變現有之汽紅頭 的釔構即可方便女裝，避免重新設計汽缸頭而增加製造成 本0 综上所述’本發明具水喷嘴的機車喷射引擎利用該 水喷嘴5往該引擎單元2之進氣閥心噴射出水喷束& 使該水喷束51直接噴入該引擎單元2之燃燒室23中避 免水霧在該進氣單元3之進氣管31内累積而影響油氣與水 ，的處合效果’進而降低其燃燒溫度而減少斷排放的含 置’再者’部分水噴束51的水氣於該進氣管3ι中亦蒸發 而吸收其内部熱量而降低該進氣管31的溫度，進而提升進 氣的效能，故確實能達成本發明之目的。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之一個較佳實施例而已， 當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請 專利範圍及發明說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾， 皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 201016491 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1疋"一剖視圖，說明FI 士结j· 死月曰本第56-092323號之引擎裝置 的態樣； 圖2疋eJ視囷，說明日本特開昭第Μ·]”％號之引 擎裝置的態樣； 圖3是一側視圖，鳟明太 m況月本發明具水喷嘴的機車喷射引 擎之較佳實施例； 圖4疋一部份剖視示意圖，說明該較佳實施例之内部 結構； 圖5疋一部份剖視示意圖’說明該較佳實施例喷射水 嘴束之位置； 圖6疋一n〇x及油水重量關係圖，說明該較佳實施例 ;别試時’其水油比與NOx含量的變化；及 圖 7 9 疋—扭力及油水重量關係圖，說明該較佳實施例 於'貝“式時’其水油比與扭力的變化。 201016491 【主要元件符號說明】 •引擎單元 3 12…… 管體部 1 »»♦*»»*» ，汽缸頭 3 13…… -第一安裝部 -汽缸蓋 3 14 ♦«♦»*« -第二安裝部 23……· -燃燒室 32........ •節流閥體 β **»***♦» •進氣閥口 -燃油喷嘴 5 *>4Χ*!1*Κ •進氣閥門 •燃油喷束 »*»«.»»»>· 。排氣閥口 ·>»<»»«»«»* •水喷嘴 x«y«x«x« 排氣閥門 1 ♦χ+χ·χ»» •水喷束 •進氣單元 S*S»S*S«« •心軸假想線 3 1 *»·»»*»» •進氣管 **«*♦***» -隔熱墊 3 11…… •凸緣部 10In addition, part of the water sprayed water vapor also evaporates in the intake pipe to absorb the internal heat and lower the temperature of the intake pipe, thereby improving the efficiency of the intake air. The above and other technical contents, features, and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. Referring to Fig. 3, the locomotive injection engine with a water nozzle of the present invention comprises an engine 2, an intake unit 3, a fuel nozzle 4, and a water nozzle 5. Referring to Figures 3 and 4', the engine unit 2 includes a steam (four) 21, a cylinder head 22' that is combined with the cylinder head 21, and a fuel vaporizing portion 23 formed in the η* cylinder head 21, formed in the steam red head 21 The inlet valve communicating with the combustion chamber 23 is disposed in the steam (four) 21 and can close the intake valve 25 of the intake valve port 24, and is formed in the cylinder Μ 灿 # 明 且 21 21 a discharge valve port 26 of the combustion chamber 23, and a discharge valve port 26 is formed in the exhaust gas outlet 26, and can close the 201016491. The air intake unit 3 includes a combustion chamber connected to the engine unit 2. An intake pipe 31, and a throttle body 32 combined with the intake pipe 31, wherein the intake pipe 31 has a flange portion 311 combined with the cylinder head 21 of the engine unit 2, a flange portion 3n extending and connecting the tubular body portion 312 of the throttle body 、, a first mounting portion 313 extending from the flange portion 311, and an extension from the tubular body portion 312 and the first mounting A second mounting portion 3i4 spaced apart from the portion 313, a heat insulating pad 9 is disposed between the flange portion 3n of the intake pipe 31 and the cylinder head 21 for isolating the heat transfer of the engine unit 2 31 to the intake pipe. The fuel nozzle 4 is mounted on the first mounting portion 313 of the intake pipe 31 and communicates with the fuel tank (not shown) of the locomotive, and the fuel nozzle 4 can spray the fuel spray 41 for The fuel stored in the fuel tank is sprayed into the combustion chamber in the direction of the intake valve σ 24 of the engine unit 2. In the embodiment of the present invention, the unheated gasoline used in the vehicle is used. In addition, the fuel is an electronic nozzle, and the fuel injection amount can be adjusted according to the amount of fuel applied by the user, due to the control of the fuel injection and its intake air with the intake pipe 31. The integration of quantities is a well-known control technology in the industry, and will not be described here. The water nozzle 5 is mounted on the second mounting portion 314 of the intake pipe 31: and the water nozzle 5 is spaced apart from the fuel nozzle 4, and the water spray 7 is disposed at the fuel nozzle 4 and the intake air Between the throttle body of the unit 3, the water nozzle 5 can directly eject the water spray 51 to the engine inlet valve 24, which in the present embodiment, the nozzle 4 The water nozzle 5 is separately attached to the first mounting portion 313 and the Xth clothing 314, but may also be 201016491 « * The fuel nozzle 4 and the water nozzle 5 are respectively mounted on the second mounting portion BA and the first - The mounting portion 313' is not limited by this embodiment. - with reference to Fig. 5, defining a core imaginary line 6 passing through the center of the intake valve port 25, the water jet 51 sprayed by the water nozzle 5 is partially overlapped on the mandrel imaginary line 6, due to The water nozzle 5 sprays the material in the intake valve port 25 into a water mist, which can reduce the temperature of combustion thereof, thereby relatively reducing the discharge amount of N〇X, and the water spray 51 is directly to the intake valve port. 25 Injection: It is less likely to remain in the center of the intake pipe 31 to prevent the water mist from accumulating in the intake pipe 31 and causing incomplete combustion. Moreover, during the injection of the water jet 51 into the intake valve port 25, the water vapor therein partially evaporates in the intake pipe 31, so that the water vapor absorbs the heat inside the intake pipe 31. The temperature of the intake pipe 31 is lowered to increase the efficiency of the intake air. According to the above design, air is input into the cylinder head 21 from the intake pipe 31, and the fuel spray 41 and the water spray 51 respectively injected by the fuel nozzle 4 and the water nozzle 5 are matched, as shown in Figs. Shows the test results at a specific speed and throttle i opening (4 rpm, 2% 油% throttle), compared to the fuel explosion, water and oil ratio 〇 62:1 mixed After the explosion in the combustion chamber 23, the content of NOX is reduced to 35% before mixing and the torque (Torque) is reduced to 94% before mixing. Therefore, mixing with water to oil ratio of 62:1 can greatly reduce the amount of strontium emissions. And make its torque (T〇rque) have less attenuation value. The water spray nozzle 51 is sprayed into the combustion chamber 23 in a water mist pattern through the water nozzle 5 provided on the second mounting portion 314 of the intake pipe 31 to make the oil and gas and the water mist in the 201016491 uniform. Mixing, because of the high latent heat of water, it will absorb (4) more heat in the vaporization evaporation process, so the combustion temperature can be lowered to reduce the N〇x emission. The water vapor of the knife water jet 51 is also evaporated in the intake pipe 31. Absorbing the internal heat can also lower the temperature of the intake pipe 31, thereby improving the efficiency of the intake air. Moreover, the water nozzle 5 can control the water spray timing and the water spray amount according to the actual operating state of the engine, so the control strategy design surface is extremely elastic, and the nozzle 5 is installed in the intake pipe 3 The flange portion 311 can be combined with other cylinder heads, and the first 'two mounting portions 313, 314 of the intake pipe 3 can also be mounted with different nozzles. Therefore, there is no need to change the structure of the existing steam red head. It is convenient to wear women's clothes, avoiding redesigning the cylinder head and increasing the manufacturing cost. In summary, the locomotive injection engine with the water nozzle of the present invention uses the water nozzle 5 to spray the water spray to the intake valve core of the engine unit 2 & The water jet 51 is directly injected into the combustion chamber 23 of the engine unit 2 to prevent the water mist from accumulating in the intake pipe 31 of the air intake unit 3 to affect the oil and water and the water, thereby reducing the combustion temperature thereof. The water vapor containing the portion of the water spray 51 that is reduced in discharge is also evaporated in the intake pipe 3i to absorb the internal heat thereof to lower the temperature of the intake pipe 31, thereby improving the efficiency of the intake air. Therefore, the object of the present invention can be achieved. However, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention. , are still within the scope of the patent of the present invention. 201016491 [Simple description of the diagram] Figure 1 疋 quot quot 一 一 一 FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI FI 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎 引擎Figure 3 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of a locomotive injection engine with a water nozzle; Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view, BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the position of the spray nozzle of the preferred embodiment; FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the oil and water weights. Example; the change of water-oil ratio and NOx content in the case of the test; and the relationship between the torque and the oil-water weight in FIG. 7 , which shows the water-oil ratio and the torsion of the preferred embodiment in the case of 'Bei' Variety. 201016491 [Explanation of main component symbols] • Engine unit 3 12... Tube body 1 »»♦*»»*» , cylinder head 3 13... -First mounting part - cylinder head 3 14 ♦«♦»*« - Second mounting portion 23...· - Combustion chamber 32........ • Throttle body β **»***♦» • Intake valve port - fuel nozzle 5 *>4Χ*!1 *Κ • Intake valve • Fuel spray »*»«.»»»>·. Exhaust valve port ·>»<»»«»«»* • Water nozzle x«y«x«x« Exhaust valve 1 ♦χ+χ·χ»» • Water jet • Intake unit S* S»S*S«« • Mandrel imaginary line 3 1 *»·»»»»» • Intake pipe **«*♦***» -Insulation pad 3 11... •Flange section 10