201009094 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於用於金屬生產之方法及裝置。 【先前技術】 在鋼鐵生產中’含鐵金屬通常係在一適當的炫爐中生 產，然後流進一 _桶，在該處利用一種或更多種用於精煉 或煉製合金目的之成分進行處理。已悉知在此點添加約至 熔化的鐵材料中作為一種用於氧化物夾雜漂浮作用、氧化 物夾雜形態改質作用、脫硫作用等的精煉劑。不幸地，句 的低密度（相對於鋼）、揮發性及反應性嚴重地使提供一將 其添加至鑄桶中的熔化材料内之令人滿意方法的作業複雜 化。 已使用多種技術將鈣添加至一鋼製鑄桶中的熔化材料。 含約微粒材料的大量添加並不令人滿意，因為此等材料迅 速上升至該熔融物表面，而未在其中度過一足夠的駐留時 間。藉由將微粒材料直接地倒入來自熔爐之出鋼流中以增 加駐留時間的結果，引起該鈣與大氣氧的過度反應。藉由 將鍍層投射體投入或注入熔融物中以引入含鈣材料一般提 供適當的駐留時間但其係複雜、昂貴及耗時的過程。亦提 出經由一耐熔噴管藉惰性氣體噴射將含鈣粉末注入熔融物 中。由於需要相當大的氣流以將該粉末推進至該熔化的鐵 材料中，故隨著該氣體的釋放，在該熔融物表面產生一高 程度擾流，因此導致該熔化的鐵材料過度暴露於大氣中的 氧氣及氮氣中。此外，在離開該喷管之後，該鈣趨於迅速 141072.doc 201009094 升高穿過該炼融物至該喷管周圍的該惰性氣體股流中或至 相鄰於該股流之上升的熔化材料中。因此，在該浴液中鈣 的駐留時間無法令人接受的短。 試圖克服以上提及之問題’轉亦係以—含舞金屬細 層或未鍍層）持續地餵至該熔融物之上表 至鋼製_中的炫融物内。儀線的一主要優點==201009094 VI. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for metal production. [Prior Art] In steel production, 'ferrous metals are usually produced in a suitable furnace and then flowed into a barrel where one or more ingredients for refining or refining are used. deal with. It is known at this point to add to the molten iron material as a refining agent for oxide inclusion floating action, oxide inclusion morphological modification, desulfurization, and the like. Unfortunately, the low density (relative to steel), volatility, and reactivity of the sentence severely complicates the operation of providing a satisfactory method of adding it to the molten material in the ladle. Calcium has been added to the molten material in a steel ladle using a variety of techniques. The large addition of the particulate-containing material is not satisfactory because these materials rapidly rise to the surface of the melt without spending a sufficient residence time therein. The excessive reaction of the calcium with atmospheric oxygen is caused by the direct pouring of the particulate material into the tapping stream from the furnace to increase the residence time. The introduction of a coated projecting body into or into a melt to introduce a calcium-containing material generally provides a suitable residence time but is a complex, expensive and time consuming process. It is also proposed to inject calcium-containing powder into the melt by means of an inert gas jet through a melt-resistant nozzle. Since a relatively large gas flow is required to propel the powder into the molten iron material, a high degree of turbulence is generated on the surface of the melt as the gas is released, thereby causing the molten iron material to be excessively exposed to the atmosphere. In the oxygen and nitrogen. In addition, after leaving the nozzle, the calcium tends to rapidly rise through the smelt to the inert gas stream around the nozzle or to the rise adjacent to the rise of the stream after 141072.doc 201009094 In the material. Therefore, the residence time of calcium in the bath is unacceptably short. Attempts have been made to overcome the above mentioned problems and to continue to feed the molten material onto the molten material in the steel _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A major advantage of the instrument line ==
量氣流，如粉末注射中，以推進該㈣材料至㈣化的鐵 材料中。然而’㈣該高揮發性妨礙表面健線中添加的該 約的有效利用的獲得。#果在該線中的該約解固 (desolidifies)之前’該線未滲透至該表面下—足夠深产， 則該妈之-低駐留時間及不良利用性—起導致㈣融:之 不句勻處3$尤其重要的係多數或所有輸入鈣保持未反 應’直至其下降至鐵靜壓力等於鈣的蒸氣壓時的深度以 下此目標難以達成，即使當使用一種含詞金屬錄層银線 當科鐵㈣力餘其蒸氣壓下解固時，形成大量妈 乳泡並迅速升〶至㈣融物之表^該結果係該熔化的鐵 材料之低效率、不均句處理及在該熔融物表面大量亂流的 產生。 讓渡給本案申請人之美國專利第4,512,800號，揭示一種 線的形式’例如弼線之加卫添加劑處理熔化的鐵材 料之I置及方法’係使K熱喷管直接地進人—定量炫 化的材料中’該噴管具有一在該溶化的材料表面下可自由 ^配的出D。在此等喷管裝置中，該線被飯至—穿過該喷 、I中且惰性氣體與該線一起同時被注入該通道 141072.doc 201009094 中，以防止當氣泡攪動熔化的材料時由於熔化材料的凝固 引起的該噴管的堵塞。 該噴管的使用可使該鈣線熔化且在該熔化的浴液之表面 以下的一深度與該熔化的鐵材料反應，在此深度之該鐵靜 壓力大於鈣在該溫度的蒸氣壓。因為該線密度小於該炫融 物之密度所導致之浮力，該線趨於向上漂浮及青曲。 在鐵靜壓力大於其蒸汽壓時，鈣的解固導致液體約球炫 化’其比鈣氣泡更緩慢地上升穿過該熔融物（因而提供一 更長的駐留時間）。由於此等液體球緩慢地上升穿過該炫 化的鐵材料’其等最終轉變為極大量的小氣泡，當其到達 該熔融物表面時，不產生過度亂流。此外，該喷管大致上 被定位於使得此等液體鈣球上升穿過該鐵熔化材料之下降 區域以提高鈣添加劑之有效使用。 【發明内容】 根據一實施例，一種用於將一添加劑線健至在該熔融金 屬表面以下的一定量溶融金屬中之一对溶喷管之喷嘴尖 頭’該尖頭包括一入口及一出口、一設置於其等之間且用 於將該添加劑線餵至穿過該噴管之通道、一耐熔外殼及一 導管及設置於該耐熔外殼内之一喷嘴嵌件。 設置於該耐熔外殼内之該導管包括一入口端及一出口 端，及一自該導管的入口端延伸至出口端的第一通道。該 導管的入口端經構形以與該耐熔喷管的主要部分中一導管 卡合。 設置於該耐溶外殼内之喷嘴嵌件包括一入口端及一出口 141072.doc -6- 201009094 • 自該喷嘴嵌件的入口端延伸至出口端的第二通 j ”亥噴嘴嵌件的人σ端經構形以與該導管的出口端卡 合接該第二通道至該第一通道用於運輸該添加劑線。 該第一通道於其大部分長度具有一直徑，且在該噴嘴嵌 件的入口端向外展開成—漏斗狀部分。該第—通道具有一 直&八實g上等於該第二通道的直徑，且在該導管的入 立而向外展開成-漏斗狀部分，用於接納及導引通過該第A quantity of gas, such as a powder injection, is used to advance the (4) material to the (4) iron material. However, (4) this high volatility hinders the acquisition of the effective utilization of the addition in the surface line. #果 Before the desolidifies in the line, 'the line does not penetrate below the surface—sufficiently deep production, then the mother-low residence time and poor utilization-induced (four) melting: no sentence Uniformity 3$ is especially important when most or all of the input calcium remains unreacted' until it falls below the depth at which the iron static pressure is equal to the vapor pressure of calcium. This goal is difficult to achieve even when using a silver wire containing the word metal When the iron (4) force is released under steam pressure, a large number of mother milk bubbles are formed and rapidly raised to (4) the table of the melt. The result is the inefficient, uneven sentence treatment of the molten iron material and the molten material. A large amount of turbulent flow on the surface. U.S. Patent No. 4,512,800, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference to the entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire content In the material, the nozzle has a D which can be freely disposed under the surface of the molten material. In such a nozzle device, the wire is injected into the passage, through the spray, I, and the inert gas is simultaneously injected into the passage 141072.doc 201009094 together to prevent melting of the molten material as it agitates. The clogging of the nozzle caused by solidification of the material. The use of the nozzle causes the calcium wire to melt and react with the molten iron material at a depth below the surface of the molten bath at which the hydrostatic pressure is greater than the vapor pressure of calcium at that temperature. Since the linear density is less than the buoyancy caused by the density of the blister, the line tends to float upward and bluish. When the iron static pressure is greater than its vapor pressure, the de-solidification of the calcium causes the liquid to spheroidize. It rises more slowly through the melt than the calcium bubbles (thus providing a longer residence time). As these liquid spheres slowly rise through the tempered iron material, which eventually transform into a very large number of small bubbles, when they reach the surface of the melt, no excessive turbulence is generated. In addition, the nozzle is positioned substantially such that the liquid calcium spheres rise through the descending region of the molten iron material to enhance the effective use of the calcium additive. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to one embodiment, a nozzle tip for activating an additive line to a certain amount of molten metal below the surface of the molten metal, the tip includes an inlet and an outlet, a nozzle insert disposed between the same and for feeding the additive wire to the passage through the nozzle, a refractory outer casing and a conduit and a nozzle disposed in the refractory outer casing. The conduit disposed within the refractory housing includes an inlet end and an outlet end, and a first passage extending from the inlet end to the outlet end of the conduit. The inlet end of the conduit is configured to engage a conduit in a major portion of the melt-resistant nozzle. The nozzle insert disposed in the solvent-resistant casing includes an inlet end and an outlet 141072.doc -6- 201009094 • a second pass of the nozzle insert extending from the inlet end to the outlet end Formed to engage the outlet end of the conduit with the second passage to the first passage for transporting the additive line. The first passage has a diameter for a majority of its length and is at the inlet of the nozzle insert The end is flared outwardly into a funnel-shaped portion. The first passage has a diameter equal to the diameter of the second passage, and is flared outwardly into a funnel-shaped portion for receiving And guiding through the first
及第一通道破運輸的該添加劑線。該喷嘴嵌件的出口端 形成該喷管的出口。 根據另一實施例，-種用於將-添加劑線餵至在該熔化 的金屬表面以下的一定量熔融金屬中之喷管喷嘴，其包括 入口 噴營出口、-主要部分及一喷嘴尖頭。該主要 部分包第-魏外殼及—定位於該第—耐料殼内的 第一導管，其提供-第-通道用於將該添加劑線運輸至該 噴管出口。該喷嘴尖頭形成該噴管的出口端。 " 該喷嘴尖頭部分包括H料殼、-設置於該第二 耐溶外殼内之第二導管及__設置於該第二耐熔外殼内 嘴嵌件。該第二導管包括一入口端及一出口端，及—自兮 第二導管的入口端延伸至出口端的第二通道。該入口端極 構形以與該第一導管卡合，連接該第二通道至該第1道 用於運輸該線至該噴管出口。該嘴料件具有-入口墙及 -出口端’及-自該噴嘴嵌件的人σ端延伸至出口端 三通道。該喷嘴料的人口端經構形以與該第：導管 口端欲合’因此連接該第三通道至該第二通道用於運輪該 141072.doc 201009094 添加劑線。該噴嘴嵌件的φ„ b _ 苒肷件的出口端形成該噴管的出口。該第 三通道在該㈣嵌件的人口端具有—向外展開成_漏斗狀 #刀之直徑’及該第二通道具有實質上等於該第三通道直 徑之直徑，且在㈣二㈣的人口端向外展開成—漏斗狀 部分。該喷錢件㈣二通道的漏斗狀料接納及導引通 過該第二及第三通道被運輸的該添加劑線。 根據本發明的另一態樣，該喷管噴嘴嵌件包括一入口及 -出口、-設置於該入口與該出口之間的通道，其用於將 該添加劑隸至通過該喷管1喷管喷㈣件可由一種包 括安定化氧化鍅、石墨及樹脂之材料製成。該石墨可以係 天然石墨或人造石墨，但天然片狀石墨較佳。 根據另-實施例，揭示一種用於將一添加劑線餵至或注 入在該熔融金屬表面以下的一定量熔融金屬中之噴管喷 嘴。該噴管喷嘴包括—耐炫外殼，其具有一導管，其中提 供一通道用於運輸該添加劑線至一線離開該喷管所穿過的 出口。該出口係設置於浸入該熔融金屬表面下之該噴管的 末鳊 喷嘗喷嘴嵌件係設置於該耐熔外殼中與該導管相 通並形成該出口。該喷管喷嘴嵌件可由一種包括安定化氧 化锆、石墨及樹脂之材料製成。該石墨可以係天然石墨或 人造石墨，但天然片狀石墨較佳。 因為當該熔融金屬被處理時，該喷管喷嘴之喷嘴尖頭端 係浸入該熔融金屬中實質上長的時間，故該喷管噴嘴嵌件 暴露於由該熔融金屬影響之苛刻條件下。該安定化氧化錯 及石墨組合物比喷管注射中現用的純碳提供更佳的溫度及 141072.doc -8 · 201009094 抗腐餘性，且肖高在此苛刻環境令的該喷管嘴嘴嵌件之财 用性。結果係本發明之該嘴管噴嘴叙件比傳統的喷管喷嘴 嵌件具有實質更長的操作壽命。 該喷管嗔嘴之耐熔外殼可形成為兩件，一主要部分及一 喷管喷嘴尖頭部分。在該構造中，該主要部分包含該導管 之主要部分且該喷管噴嘴尖頭部分包含該導管之第二部分 及該喷管噴嘴後件。該導管之該主要部分及該第二部分經 制及改造成可移除地彼此喪合，使得該噴管喷嘴尖頭部 分可視需要從該噴管喷嘴之該主要部分移除。這可容許該 喷官噴嘴尖頭部分由-新件代替，該嘴管喷嘴嵌件應由於 該炫融金屬環境之腐钮作用或由於通過該喷管喷嘴嵌件之 添加劑線引起之機械磨損變得過於損壞。 本發明之多個實施例將借助於以下圖式被描述其令， 相同的參考數字代表相同的元件。 【實施方式】 • 戶斤有圖式係示意性說明且其中描綠之結構不意為成比 例。應瞭解本發明不限於所示之精確的配置及工具，而僅 受申請專利範圍之限制。 • 顯*-線注射噴管I置之基本圖，其用於使用一個 或更多以線2G的形成提供之處理元件處理—溶融金屬產品。 此裂置之典型應用係利用輕處理—鑄桶中的鐵熔融金屬。 該線20係從-卷軸22傳送至容器52(例如鐵溶融金屬之鎮桶） 中的此些熔融金屬56。為了實現此傲給，-飯給機構24從 該卷軸22牽拉該線並沿一健給路徑傳送該線。相鄰於該輸 141072.doc 201009094 出部分’尤其係在—耐炼的噴管喷嘴⑼附近，該線2〇被載 入-軋密導官44中。一惰性氣體被供至該氣密導管，且一 緊接地位於遠惰性氣體入口上流的密封機構3〇防止線^周 圍沿著錢給路徑在後方之惰性氣體損失4導管料延伸 至5亥噴官喷嘴60中以提供一通道用於該線2〇通過該喷管喷 嘴60°該噴管噴嘴6G包括__可更換之喷管喷嘴尖頭^。 適S的餵線機構24之詳細描述可從美國專利第 4,235,362號中獲得’該案揭示之内容以引用的方式併入本 文中。大fell的線尺寸及組成係可能的，包含包鞘及未包 鞘線。用於處理熔融金屬之該等線，例如鈣線，一般係具 有導致相當硬的線之尺寸及組成。因此，該餵給機構及該 等載線構件必須能經受住粗糙磨損。此外，應預期餵給期 間该相對硬的線易受一定量的振動及橫遷移，其係由於沿 著該線之餵給路徑之多處不連續也係由於該線中存在的凸 塊及彎曲。 圖2中詳細顯示之根據一實施例之噴管噴嘴尖頭，其 包括一耐熔外殼62，其環繞一導管78a及喷嘴嵌件7〇總 成。該耐熔外殼部分62可由耐熔的氧化鋁氧化矽耐熔性或 任何其他適當的耐熔材料製成，例如用於線窯的該等。該 導管78a包括一通道86且該喷嘴嵌件7〇包括一通道8〇。該 等通道86及80係縱向地對準，容許該添加劑線2〇通過其等 被運輸且通過藉由該噴管喷嘴嵌件7〇形成的一喷管出口 84 離開。 圖3係該噴管喷嘴60的一實施例的一詳細橫截面圖。該 141072.doc •10- 201009094 噴g噴嘴60包括一主要部分66及一可自該主要部分66移除 的噴管噴嘴尖頭68。該主要部分66包括一耐熔外殼62及一 設置於該耐熔外殼62内的一主要導管78b。該添加劑線2〇 通過如顯示的方向A上該主要導管78b被接納及運輸。 . 該噴管喷嘴尖頭68包括包容於一耐熔外殼62中之一噴管 噴嘴嵌件70及設置於此的一導管78a。該噴管喷嘴嵌件7〇 及該導管78a經構形及轧造成以一適當方式彼此嵌合。舉 φ 例言之，在該說明的實施例中，該喷管噴嘴嵌件70具有一 頸狀部分74，其藉由套入在該導管78a的端部所提供的凹 邛77而攸合該導管78a。該喷管噴嘴嵌件7〇及該導管π可 在其等包容於該耐熔外殼62之前而總成在一起。該噴管噴 嘴嵌件70形成在該噴嘴尖頭68終端之喷管出口料，而該導 官部分78a形成可移除地與該主要部分66嵌合的該噴嘴尖 頭部分6 8的.一入口端。 該導管78a具有一入口端17〇及一出口端1?2，且其經構 φ 形及改造成以在該導管的出口端172與該喷管喷嘴嵌件7〇 嵌合，及其經構形及改造成在該入口端17〇可移除地與該 主要導管78b嵌合。舉例言之，該導管部分78a可具有一延 伸的螺紋頸部79a ’且該主要導管78b可具有與該螺紋頸部 79a螺紋嵌合的一凹入部分79b。因此，該喷管喷嘴的該 噴嘴尖頭68及該主要部分66藉由將該導管78a與該主要導 營78b螺紋連接起來而總成在一起。該等導管部分7^及 78b分別較佳地軸向居中於該喷管喷嘴尖頭68及該主要部 分66内，如圖3中顯示，致使當該噴管喷嘴尖頭68與該主 141072.doc 201009094 要刀6*6總成在一起時，其等形成一整體喷管喷嘴⑼。 s導赁78a具有自該入口端1 70延伸至該出口端172的 1C 86該喷官喷嘴肷件7〇具有一在其中延伸且終止於該 嗔管出口 84之通道8〇。因此，該等通道％及轉供一連續 通道路徑詩該線2G通過該噴管喷嘴尖賴。該線20在顯 示的箭頭方向A上前進。該導管78a的該通道％具有一直徑 D2 ’其實質上與該喷管喷嘴嵌件7〇的該通道肋的直徑⑴ 相同。該等通道86及80的直徑⑴及的經構形以接近於該 線20的直;^，以維持通過其等抽吸的該惰性氣體的壓力， 而不干擾通過通道86及80之該添加劑線2〇的運動。 該通道86在該導管78&的入口端17〇向外展開成—漏斗狀 入口。當該線自該主要導管781?至該導管78a平移時，該通 道86的漏斗式入口 89使得該添加劑線2〇平滑地前進而無打 結或收縮。該通道80的入口 83向外展開而提供一漏斗狀入 口。當該線自該導管78a部分至該喷管喷嘴嵌件7〇平移 時此放大的開孔使得該線20平滑地前進而無打結或收 縮。此等特點在該線20通過該喷管噴嘴6〇的最初饋送尤其 有用。 一 此外，根據一實施例，該導管78a係由比該噴管噴嘴嵌 件70之更不易受機械磨耗及磨損之材料製成。舉例言之， 該導管78a可由合金鋼製成，而該噴管噴嘴嵌件7〇係由穩 定氧化锆（Zr〇2)及石墨製成（參見下文論述）。因為該導管 78a係由比該喷管噴嘴嵌件7〇之更不易受機械磨耗及磨損 之材料製成，該通道86可抗自該添加劑線2〇通過該通道％ 141072.doc •12· 201009094 移動之機械磨損之磨耗。此維持該直徑02的尺寸之長期使 用。因此，即使該噴嘴嵌件70的通道80因該添加劑線2〇的 機械磨損加寬，該通道86維持其直徑尺寸。此特點有助於 維持抽入該導管44(參看圖1)及通過該喷管噴嘴6〇内該等通 道之該惰性氣體的正壓力。該惰性氣體的正壓力避免任何 可阻塞該喷管的熔融金屬進入該通道80。在目前用於工業 的習知噴管喷嘴尖頭中，該導管78a具有一直徑其實質 上大於該通道80的直徑D1，且該惰性氣體的正壓力係僅藉 由該噴嘴嵌件70維持。當該通道80經機械磨耗加寬時，該 氣體壓力下降且容許熔融鋼滲透入該通道8〇，其引起線收 縮及該噴管噴嘴的故障。 圖5顯示該導體78a的入口端1γ〇的一橫截面圖。在一實 施例中，該通道86的直徑D2為0.375英寸以容納具有一在 0.3至〇.36英寸範圍内之直徑的添加劑線2〇。該通道％的直 控D2可被改變適於具有不同直徑的添加劑線。該通道“的 漏斗式部分89以一20。之角度θ傾斜。在該入口端17〇之該 開孔的直徑D3為約1.0英寸。 *亥喷管噴嘴嵌件70的外表面可設有一些圍線表面結搆， 以促進具有耐熔外殼62環繞該噴嘴嵌件之該噴嘴嵌件的機 械閉鎖。在此實施例中，該喷管噴嘴嵌件7〇在該外表面上 設有凹入通路72。該導管78a在其外表面上亦可設有一個 或更多錨定構件75(參看圖4)，以促進具有該耐熔外殼“之 該導管78a的機械閉鎖。該喷管喷嘴6〇在該導管78a與該噴 官噴嘴嵌件70的總成周圍，藉由铸造或模製該耐熔材料而 141072.doc 201009094 <成及該嗔管噴嘴嵌件70的圍路曲面確保該噴嘴尖頭藉 機，閉鎖牛固固持於該耐熔外殼62内。 、該可移除喷管噴嘴尖頭68可用於該喷管喷嘴嵌件70暴露 於非常腐餘性環境及/或來自該線20的許多機械損耗需 更換該嗔官噴嘴嵌件70及/或起因於隨後鋼浸潰之該耐 '溶卜殼62的熱衝擊之處。在此等情形中，僅該噴管噴嘴60 的喷嘴大頭部分68需要被更換而非更換整個喷管喷嘴。此 為使用者提供更加經濟的技術。And the first channel breaks the transport of the additive line. The outlet end of the nozzle insert forms the outlet of the nozzle. In accordance with another embodiment, a nozzle nozzle for feeding an additive line to a quantity of molten metal below the surface of the molten metal includes an inlet spray outlet, a main portion, and a nozzle tip. The main portion includes a first-wei casing and a first conduit positioned within the first-resistant casing, which provides a - passage for transporting the additive line to the nozzle outlet. The nozzle tip forms the outlet end of the nozzle. " The nozzle tip portion includes an H-shell, a second conduit disposed within the second solvent-resistant casing, and a nozzle insert disposed in the second refractory casing. The second conduit includes an inlet end and an outlet end, and a second passage extending from the inlet end of the second conduit to the outlet end. The inlet end is configured to engage the first conduit and connect the second passage to the first passage for transporting the line to the nozzle outlet. The mouthpiece has an inlet wall and an outlet end and - three passages extending from the human sigma end of the nozzle insert to the outlet end. The population end of the nozzle material is configured to engage the first conduit end and thus connect the third passage to the second passage for the 141072.doc 201009094 additive line. An outlet end of the nozzle insert φ„b _ 形成 forms an outlet of the nozzle. The third passage has a diameter toward the population end of the (four) insert—expanding into a funnel-shaped #knife diameter and The second passage has a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the third passage, and is flared outwardly at the population end of (4) two (four) into a funnel-shaped portion. The spout (4) two-channel funnel-shaped material is received and guided through the first passage The additive line is transported by the second and third passages. According to another aspect of the invention, the nozzle nozzle insert includes an inlet and an outlet, a passage disposed between the inlet and the outlet, for The additive may be made by spraying the nozzle through the nozzle 1. The fourth graphite may be made of a material including stabilized cerium oxide, graphite and resin. The graphite may be natural graphite or artificial graphite, but natural flake graphite is preferred. Another embodiment discloses a nozzle nozzle for feeding or injecting an additive wire into a quantity of molten metal below the surface of the molten metal. The nozzle nozzle includes a refractory outer casing having a conduit therein. Provide a pass An outlet for transporting the additive line to a line exiting the nozzle. The outlet is disposed in the end of the nozzle under the surface of the molten metal, and the spray nozzle insert is disposed in the refractory shell The duct communicates with and forms the outlet. The nozzle nozzle insert can be made of a material including stabilized zirconia, graphite and resin. The graphite can be natural graphite or artificial graphite, but natural flake graphite is preferred. When the molten metal is processed, the nozzle tip end of the nozzle of the nozzle is immersed in the molten metal for a substantially long period of time, so that the nozzle nozzle insert is exposed to the severe conditions affected by the molten metal. The oxidative and graphite composition provides better temperature and 141072.doc -8 · 201009094 corrosion resistance than the pure carbon currently used in the nozzle injection, and the high nozzle in this harsh environment allows the nozzle nozzle insert The result is that the mouth nozzle nozzle of the present invention has a substantially longer operational life than the conventional nozzle nozzle insert. The refractory shell of the nozzle can be formed into two parts, a main part And a nozzle tip portion. In this configuration, the main portion includes a major portion of the conduit and the nozzle tip portion includes a second portion of the conduit and the nozzle nozzle rear member. The main portion and the second portion are made and modified to removably mate with each other such that the nozzle tip portion of the nozzle can be removed from the main portion of the nozzle nozzle as needed. This allows the nozzle tip to be tolerated The head portion is replaced by a new one, which should be excessively damaged by the corrosive action of the dazzling metal environment or by mechanical wear caused by the additive line of the nozzle nozzle insert. The embodiments are described with the aid of the following figures, and the same reference numerals represent the same elements. [Embodiment] The figure is schematically illustrated and the structure of the green is not intended to be proportional. The invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and tools shown, but is only limited by the scope of the claims. • A basic diagram of the *-line injection nozzle I for processing one or more processing elements provided by the formation of line 2G - a molten metal product. A typical application of this rip is the use of light treatment - iron molten metal in the barrel. The wire 20 is conveyed from the spool 22 to the molten metal 56 in a container 52 (e.g., a barrel of iron molten metal). To achieve this arrogance, the rice feeding mechanism 24 pulls the line from the reel 22 and transports the line along a health feed path. Adjacent to the input 141072.doc 201009094, the portion is particularly in the vicinity of the endurance nozzle nozzle (9), which is carried into the nip guide 44. An inert gas is supplied to the hermetic conduit, and a sealing mechanism 3 located immediately upstream of the inlet of the inert gas inlet prevents the inert gas loss around the line along the money supply path. 4 The conduit material extends to 5 The nozzle 60 is provided with a passage for the wire 2 to pass through the nozzle nozzle 60. The nozzle nozzle 6G includes a __ replaceable nozzle nozzle tip. A detailed description of the feed mechanism 24 of the S can be obtained from U.S. Patent No. 4,235,362, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The wire size and composition of the big fell are possible, including the sheath and the unsheathed wire. Such lines for treating molten metal, such as calcium lines, generally have dimensions and compositions that result in relatively stiff wires. Therefore, the feeding mechanism and the wire-carrying members must be able to withstand rough wear. In addition, it should be expected that the relatively stiff wire during the feeding period is susceptible to a certain amount of vibration and lateral migration due to the multiple discontinuities in the feeding path along the line due to the presence of bumps and bends in the wire. . The nozzle tip of the nozzle according to one embodiment, shown in detail in Fig. 2, includes a refractory housing 62 that surrounds a conduit 78a and a nozzle insert 7 assembly. The refractory outer casing portion 62 can be made of refractory alumina cerium oxide refractory or any other suitable refractory material, such as for wire kilns. The conduit 78a includes a passage 86 and the nozzle insert 7 includes a passage 8 . The channels 86 and 80 are longitudinally aligned to allow the additive line 2 to be transported through it and exit through a nozzle outlet 84 formed by the nozzle nozzle insert 7〇. 3 is a detailed cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the nozzle nozzle 60. The 141072.doc •10-201009094 spray g nozzle 60 includes a main portion 66 and a nozzle tip 68 that is removable from the main portion 66. The main portion 66 includes a refractory outer casing 62 and a main conduit 78b disposed within the refractory outer casing 62. The additive line 2 is received and transported through the main conduit 78b in the direction A as shown. The nozzle tip 68 includes a nozzle nozzle insert 70 housed in a refractory housing 62 and a conduit 78a disposed therein. The nozzle nozzle inserts 7 and the conduits 78a are configured and rolled to fit one another in a suitable manner. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the nozzle nozzle insert 70 has a neck portion 74 that is folded by a recess 77 provided at the end of the conduit 78a. Catheter 78a. The nozzle nozzle inserts 7 and the conduits π can be assembled together before they are contained in the refractory housing 62. The nozzle nozzle insert 70 is formed at a nozzle outlet end of the nozzle tip 68, and the guide portion 78a forms a nozzle tip portion 6 that is removably fitted to the main portion 66. Entrance end. The conduit 78a has an inlet end 17〇 and an outlet end 1-2, and is configured to be φ-shaped and modified to fit the nozzle nozzle insert 7 at the outlet end 172 of the conduit, and its configuration. Shaped and modified to removably engage the main conduit 78b at the inlet end 17''. For example, the conduit portion 78a can have an extended threaded neck portion 79a' and the main conduit 78b can have a recessed portion 79b that is threadedly engaged with the threaded neck portion 79a. Thus, the nozzle tip 68 of the nozzle nozzle and the main portion 66 are brought together by threading the conduit 78a with the primary guide 78b. The conduit portions 7^ and 78b are preferably axially centered in the nozzle tip 68 and the main portion 66, respectively, as shown in Figure 3, such that when the nozzle tip 68 is associated with the main 141072. Doc 201009094 When the knives 6*6 assembly are together, they form an integral nozzle nozzle (9). The s-slot 78a has a 1C 86 extending from the inlet end 170 to the outlet end 172. The lance nozzle member 7A has a passage 8 在 extending therein and terminating at the manifold outlet 84. Therefore, the channel % and the transfer to a continuous channel path poem the line 2G through the nozzle nozzle tip. This line 20 advances in the direction of the arrow A shown. The passage % of the conduit 78a has a diameter D2' which is substantially the same as the diameter (1) of the passage rib of the nozzle nozzle insert 7A. The diameters (1) of the passages 86 and 80 are configured to approximate the straightness of the line 20 to maintain the pressure of the inert gas drawn therethrough without interfering with the additive passing through the passages 86 and 80. The movement of the line 2 〇. The passage 86 flares outwardly at the inlet end 17 of the conduit 78& into a funnel-shaped inlet. When the line is translated from the main conduit 781? to the conduit 78a, the funnel inlet 89 of the passage 86 causes the additive line 2 to smoothly advance without knotting or contracting. The inlet 83 of the passage 80 flares outwardly to provide a funnel-shaped inlet. This enlarged opening causes the line 20 to smoothly advance without knotting or contracting as the line translates from the portion of the conduit 78a to the nozzle nozzle insert 7〇. These features are particularly useful in the initial feeding of the line 20 through the nozzle 6 〇. Further, according to an embodiment, the conduit 78a is made of a material that is less susceptible to mechanical wear and wear than the nozzle nozzle insert 70. For example, the conduit 78a can be made of alloy steel, and the nozzle nozzle insert 7 is made of stabilized zirconia (Zr〇2) and graphite (see discussion below). Since the conduit 78a is made of a material that is less susceptible to mechanical wear and wear than the nozzle nozzle insert 7, the passage 86 is resistant to movement through the passage from the additive line 2 141072.doc •12· 201009094 Wear of mechanical wear. This maintains the long-term use of the size of the diameter 02. Thus, even though the passage 80 of the nozzle insert 70 is widened by the mechanical wear of the additive line 2, the passage 86 maintains its diameter dimension. This feature helps to maintain the positive pressure of the inert gas drawn into the conduit 44 (see Figure 1) and through the nozzles in the nozzle 6 of the nozzle. The positive pressure of the inert gas prevents any molten metal that can block the nozzle from entering the passage 80. In conventional nozzle tip tips currently used in the industry, the conduit 78a has a diameter D1 that is substantially larger than the passage 80 and the positive pressure of the inert gas is maintained only by the nozzle insert 70. When the passage 80 is widened by mechanical wear, the gas pressure drops and allows molten steel to penetrate into the passage 8 〇 which causes line shrinkage and failure of the nozzle of the nozzle. Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the inlet end 1 γ of the conductor 78a. In one embodiment, the passage 86 has a diameter D2 of 0.375 inches to accommodate an additive line 2 having a diameter in the range of 0.3 to 36.36 inches. The direct control D2 of this channel % can be modified to accommodate additive lines having different diameters. The funnel portion 89 of the passage is inclined at an angle θ of 20. The diameter D3 of the opening at the inlet end 17 is about 1.0 inch. * The outer surface of the nozzle nozzle insert 70 may be provided with some a perimeter surface structure to facilitate mechanical latching of the nozzle insert having a refractory outer casing 62 surrounding the nozzle insert. In this embodiment, the nozzle nozzle insert 7 is provided with a recessed passageway in the outer surface 72. The conduit 78a may also be provided with one or more anchoring members 75 (see Fig. 4) on its outer surface to facilitate mechanical latching of the conduit 78a having the refractory outer casing. The nozzle nozzle 6 is disposed around the assembly of the conduit 78a and the spray nozzle insert 70 by casting or molding the refractory material 141072.doc 201009094 < and the nozzle nozzle insert 70 The curving surface ensures that the nozzle tip is taken over and the latching cow is retained within the refractory casing 62. The removable nozzle tip 68 can be used to expose the nozzle nozzle insert 70 to a very corrosive environment and/or many mechanical losses from the line 20 that require replacement of the official nozzle insert 70 and/or This is caused by the subsequent thermal shock of the steel immersion shell. In such cases, only the nozzle head portion 68 of the nozzle nozzle 60 needs to be replaced rather than replaced throughout the nozzle nozzle. This provides users with more economical technology.
王°卩喷B喷嘴60製成足夠長以延伸至熔融金屬的該貯液 也中預選擇深度。通常較佳地該線添加劑可在熔渣/金 屬"面以下約2_8英尺自該喷嘴排出。因此，由於關於該 熔渣及金屬的南溫度及腐蝕性能，該耐熔外殼62 —般為.約 10-15英尺長。 圖4顯不根據一實施例之噴管噴嘴嵌件70及導管78a總成 的平面圖。該導管78a具有該通道86，該通道86實質上 具有與該噴管噴嘴嵌件70的通道80相同的直徑。該導管The Wang B spray B nozzle 60 is made long enough to pre-select the depth of the stock solution that extends to the molten metal. It is generally preferred that the line additive be discharged from the nozzle about 2-8 feet below the slag/metal" face. Therefore, the refractory outer casing 62 is generally about 10-15 feet long due to the south temperature and corrosion properties of the slag and metal. Figure 4 shows a plan view of the nozzle nozzle insert 70 and the conduit 78a assembly in accordance with an embodiment. The conduit 78a has the passage 86 which has substantially the same diameter as the passage 80 of the nozzle nozzle insert 70. The catheter
783可具有向外延伸且在該耐熔外殼62内錨定該導管78a之 一個或更多外部錨定構件75。 該噴管噴嘴嵌件70具有一大致上拉長的形狀，其具有通 過其縱向地延伸用於運輸該線2〇之該通道8〇。該喷管喷嘴 嵌件70的實施例如說明般具有一大致上筒形外部形狀，但 該嵌件不需要限制於此形狀。舉例言之，該喷管喷嘴嵌件 可具有適合於製造之四側伸長的形狀或任何其他形狀，只 要其具有该通道80穿過該通道用於傳輸該線2〇。該通道8〇 141072.doc 14 201009094 的一端為該出口 84，此處該線2〇退出至該熔融金屬中。該 噴管噴嘴嵌件70的相對端經構形及改造成與該導管78a嵌 〇。舉例言之，在此實例中，該噴管噴嘴嵌件7〇在該入口 端具有一頸狀部分74，該頸狀部分具有一比該喷嘴嵌件7〇 之其餘者較小之外部直徑，該頸狀部分74用於嵌合入該導 管78a的一凹入部77(圖3中顯示）中。 該噴管喷嘴60藉由適當的機械連接可關於金屬容器52被 ❿ 升起及降低，或反之亦然。如圖1中示意性顯示，該金屬 容器52可藉由包含軛總成48的一曲柄/運輸系統而攜載。 另一選擇為，其可較佳的是升起及降低該整個饋送機搆作 為一單元。無論如何，其有益於避免撓曲該導管44。 為了在遠低於熔融金屬表面的點上添加該線添加劑至該 熔融金屬56,需要克服該熔融金屬中巨大的流體壓力。理 所‘然’該流體壓力為在熔融金屬表面以下之深度的函 數特疋的壓力將隨特定金屬而定，但在一或二米之深度 • 通常會相當大。供應之惰性氣體之壓力必須克服該流體壓 力，以防止熔融金屬56上升至該喷嘴中。如果任何熔融金 屬被允許進入該噴嘴中，則該線20可立即被卡住且當该熔 融金屬凝固時被焊接至一導管壁。 根據一實施例’為了提高該喷管噴嘴嵌件7〇之使用壽 命，亦即耐用性，該喷管喷嘴嵌件係由一種新材料製成， 其具有更高的抗氧化性及抗熔渣腐蝕性且同時還具有一低 摩擦表面以助於餵給該鈣線高速穿過該喷管噴嘴嵌件。更 尚的抗氧化性及抗熔渣腐蝕性為該喷管喷嘴嵌件提供更長 14I072.doc 201009094 的使用壽命’且因此追使在該喷管之壽命期間更少頻率地 替換該喷嘴嵌件或甚至無需任何替換。 用於該喷管喷嘴嵌件之新材料包括安定化氧化锆 (ZrOJ，石墨及用於將該材料固持在一起的樹脂黏合劑。 該材料包括大約60至85重量百分比的Zr〇2，大約1〇至36重 量百分比的石墨及大約4至1 5重量百分比的樹脂黏合劑。 該材料宜包括大約67至77重量百分比的Zr〇2，大約19至29 重量百分比的石墨及大約4至8重量百分比的樹脂黏合劑。 該噴嘴尖頭的Zr〇2顆粒提供抵禦鐵熔融金屬中鑄桶熔渣的 尚抗腐蝕性。但Zr〇2必須穩定以避免由於隨後的熱循環引 起的狀態變化所導致的熱爆裂。Zr〇2可利用若干氧化物而 穩定：Ca〇、MgO、Y2〇3或CeO。典型的鑄捅熔渣包含提 高的石灰濃度且在此等情況下，Ca〇係較佳的穩定劑，因 為其係用於此環境之安定化Zr〇2之熱力學上最安定化形 式。 在該新材料中與zr〇2結合之石墨的存在提高該喷管噴嘴 嵌件之抗熱衝擊性。該石墨成分可以係天然石墨或人造石 墨。然而，天然片狀石墨（為天然石墨之其他普通形式之 無定形石墨）較佳，係由於天然片狀石墨之高抗氧化性， 其提尚该噴嘴嵌件之抗氧化特性之故。與由純碳製成的現 用喷管噴嘴嵌件對比，Zr02/石墨混合物之抗腐蝕性顯著 更高》 ‘ 因為Zr〇2顆粒十分硬且具有尖邊緣，細粒大小分佈（-325 亦即小於44 μπι微粒大小）宜最小化Zr〇2之機械摩擦 141072.doc 201009094 及磨損特性。如果該細粒大小分佈未控制至此精細大小， 則可從健給穿過該嘴嘴嵌件之該線上觀測該喷管喷嘴辦件 70之内鐘中的額外機械磨損，其會縮短該喷管噴嘴歲件之 壽命。 • 該喷管喷嘴嵌件之製造過程包含混合Zr〇2粉末及石墨。 &後’以上指疋1的樹脂黏合劑被添加至該混合物以形成 泥漿。該樹脂黏合劑宜為熱硬化點合劑材料，其以液態及 @態粉末之組合形式被添加。粉末及液態樹脂皆係苯盼甲 醛聚合物樹脂。粉末樹脂可被分類為盼搭清漆類而液態樹 脂可被分類為間苯H粉末樹脂及液態樹脂以大約 60/40至大約40/60，且較佳地係大約50/50之粉末/液態重 量百为比被提供。泥漿係持續地混合直到泥漿溫度達到 14〇吓。泥漿溫度在混合過程期間上升，其係由於機械混 合作用產生之泥漿材料之内摩擦。在此階段，混合泥漿包 括由液態樹脂凝固之混合材料之小球。一般而言，因為使 ❹ 材料能均勻混合所添加之液態樹脂的量大於用於下一個模 製步驟之最佳量，爾後泥漿在一旋轉熔爐中乾燥。該乾燥 步驟係根據溫度及持續時間設計以生產具有所需水分含量 帛於該模製步驟之泥漿。爾後乾燥泥漿被模製成一用於該 喷管喷嘴嵌件之所需形狀且被熱處理。 在水上使用有機樹脂以形成泥漿的一個優點係水在隨後 的熱處理步驟中蒸發，留下小孔且導致該喷管噴嘴嵌件70 中極其高的孔隙率。另一方面，有機樹脂在隨後的熱處理 過程中部分地燒盡並留下碳渣。此殘留的碳材料促進校低 141072.doc 17 201009094 的孔隙率且提高該噴嘴嵌件之特性。較高的孔隙率非所需 係因為當其浸入熔融金屬時，小孔促進攻擊該喷嘴嵌件之 腐蝕機制。 雖然純氧化锆比現用⑨喷管喷嘴丧件之純碳具有更好的 抗腐姓I·生，但其不適合係因為歸因於其單斜四方晶體結構 之拙劣的抗熱衝擊性。然而，具有立方晶體結構之安定化 心〇2具有更好的抗熱衝擊性且，因此，更好地適合於喷管 噴嘴嵌件應用》抗熱衝擊性及表面磨損（亦即摩擦）特性皆 可藉由混合Zr〇2與石墨而得以進一步地改良，以產生更耐 久的喷$喷噶银件。測試結果顯示與傳統的純碳製成之喷 吕噴嘴嵌件比較，Zr〇2基喷管喷嘴嵌件之使用壽命改良大 約2至20倍。 用於形成預先乾燥的泥漿至該喷管噴嘴喪件中的模製過 程可以係為此特定的混合材料及該嵌件之最終形狀工作之 多種可用的模製過程中的任何一種。此模製過程的一個實 例係等靜壓模製。等靜壓模製係一種在所製造零件周圍的 所有方向均勻地施加模製壓力之過程，其不同於只在一個 方向施加壓力之壓縮模製。一等靜壓模製之零件係製成接 近網狀且因此與其他模製技術比較，其產生顯著少的廢棄 材料。等靜壓模製冬零件通常具有高度一致的材料特性。 等靜壓模製藉由將塑模置於一充滿液壓流體之高壓容器中 以於該塑模上施加壓力。可使用5,〇〇〇至20,00〇1)以甚至更 高的液壓。此高等靜壓產生低孔隙率及該模製零件之更良 好的小孔大小分佈。 141072.doc -18- 201009094 接著’該等靜壓模製之喷管噴嘴嵌件在大約l8(rc下固 化以揮發來自聚合物樹脂之有機氣體。爾後，該喷管喷嘴 欣件宜在還原大氣中大約800至120(rc下點燃。若須要， 該喷管噴嘴嵌件可進一步製作成 壓印尺寸。 因餵給該線20，其可被預期在該喷嘴尖頭68的該等通道 86及80中容許的空間周圍振動及顫動。然而，該線通常維 持位於該排放通道86及8〇之中心，即使係靠著該等通道之 側壁靜止。該線20與該等通道86及8〇之側壁之間留空的空 間為足夠小，使得穿過該喷管喷嘴6〇被抽吸的該氣壓克服 遷移的熔融金屬之流體壓，否則其將趨於向上流至該喷 嘴。忒線及惰性氣體之交互運動增強該喷嘴抵抗堵塞之能 力。 該線餵給系統中提供該密封機構3〇以防止惰性氣體之逆 抓。禮封機構30包括一機殼，其具有至少一對相對的活塞 32，其具有圍線密封表面用於可滑動地嵌合在其中移動的 線，其以不漏氣的方式緊扣該前進的添加劑線2〇。該相對 的活塞32之下游，惰性氣體從惰性氣體源31經由導管”餵 至線20區域，該線現被密封於從密封30引向該噴管60之不 、-氣的導貧44中。且使用一壓縮空氣源34逆向該線驅動 相對的活塞32。彈簧偏置、水壓等也可以。一多歧管“可 用於均等地分佈壓縮機34或其他源之氣壓。讓與本申請者 之美國專利第4,512,800號揭示該密封機構3〇之細節，該案 揭示之内容以引用的方式併入本文中。 適當的控制機構可同時連接至該夾送滾輪餵線裝置24 141072.doc •19- 201009094 及惰性氣體壓強控制器42。為了避免浪費，該氣體控制器 42應保持關閉直到該線由密封3〇之相對的活塞32嵌合。益 論如何，不需要特別的氣壓直到線注射器喷管6〇開始接近 §亥溶融金屬56或其上的溶渣54時。此時，該餵給器及惰性 氣體/1強控制可同時啟動，且該喷嘴投入該熔融金屬中。 熔化的添加劑及惰性氣體從該噴嘴口排出，正好在該炫逢 /金屬介面以下。 根據一實施例，揭示一種用於將一添加劑線餵至在該熔 融金屬表面以下的一定量熔融金屬中之一耐熔喷管之噴嘴 尖頭。该噴管尖頭包括一入口及一出口、一設置於該入口 與該出口之間之通道，其用於將該添加劑線餵至穿過該耐 ’熔喷管、一耐熔外殼、一設置於該耐熔外殼内之導管，其 中該導管包括一入口端及一出口端，及一自該導管的入口 端延伸至出口端的第一通道，該入口端構形以與該耐熔噴 管的該主要部分中一主要喷管卡合。該喷嘴尖頭亦包含一 設置於該耐熔外殼内之噴嘴嵌件，該噴嘴嵌件具有一入口 鳊及出口端’及一自該噴嘴嵌件的入口端延伸至出口端 的第一通道，該喷嘴嵌件的入口端經構形以與該導管的出 口端卡合’連接該第二通道至該第一通道用於運輸該添加 ^線該第一通道具有在該喷嘴嵌件的入口端向外展開成 一漏斗狀部分之直徑，及該第一通道具有一直徑，其實質 上等於該第二通道的直徑，且在該導管的入口端向外展開 成一漏斗狀部分以用於接納及導引該添加劑線穿過該第— 及第一通道被運輸。該噴嘴嵌件的出口端形成該喷管的出 141072.doc 201009094783 can have one or more external anchoring members 75 that extend outwardly and anchor the conduit 78a within the refractory outer casing 62. The nozzle nozzle insert 70 has a generally elongated shape with a passage 8 that extends longitudinally therethrough for transporting the wire 2 . The embodiment of the nozzle nozzle insert 70 has, for example, a generally cylindrical outer shape, but the insert need not be limited to this shape. For example, the nozzle nozzle insert may have a four-sided elongated shape or any other shape suitable for manufacture as long as it has the passage 80 through the passage for transporting the wire. One end of the passage 8〇 141072.doc 14 201009094 is the outlet 84, where the line 2〇 exits into the molten metal. The opposite end of the nozzle nozzle insert 70 is configured and modified to be embedded with the conduit 78a. For example, in this example, the nozzle nozzle insert 7 has a neck portion 74 at the inlet end, the neck portion having a smaller outer diameter than the remainder of the nozzle insert 7 The neck portion 74 is adapted to fit into a recess 77 (shown in Figure 3) of the conduit 78a. The nozzle nozzle 60 can be raised and lowered with respect to the metal container 52 by a suitable mechanical connection, or vice versa. As shown schematically in Figure 1, the metal container 52 can be carried by a crank/transport system including a yoke assembly 48. Alternatively, it may be preferable to raise and lower the entire feeding mechanism as a unit. In any event, it is beneficial to avoid flexing the conduit 44. In order to add the line additive to the molten metal 56 at a point far below the surface of the molten metal, it is necessary to overcome the large fluid pressure in the molten metal. The pressure that the fluid pressure is a function of the depth below the surface of the molten metal will depend on the particular metal, but at a depth of one or two meters • will typically be quite large. The pressure of the inert gas supplied must overcome the fluid pressure to prevent the molten metal 56 from rising into the nozzle. If any molten metal is allowed to enter the nozzle, the wire 20 can be immediately jammed and welded to a conduit wall as the molten metal solidifies. According to an embodiment, in order to increase the service life, ie durability, of the nozzle nozzle insert 7, the nozzle nozzle insert is made of a new material which has higher oxidation resistance and slag resistance. Corrosive and at the same time also has a low friction surface to assist in feeding the calcium wire at high speed through the nozzle nozzle insert. More oxidation resistance and slag corrosion resistance provide a longer 14I072.doc 201009094 service life for the nozzle nozzle insert' and thus chase the nozzle insert to be replaced less frequently during the life of the nozzle Or even without any replacement. New materials for the nozzle nozzle insert include stabilized zirconia (ZrOJ, graphite and a resin binder used to hold the material together. The material comprises approximately 60 to 85 weight percent Zr〇2, approximately 1 〇 to 36% by weight of graphite and about 4 to 15% by weight of resin binder. The material preferably comprises about 67 to 77 weight percent Zr 〇 2, about 19 to 29 weight percent graphite and about 4 to 8 weight percent The resin binder. The Zr〇2 particles of the nozzle tip provide corrosion resistance against the molten slag in the molten metal of the molten metal. However, Zr〇2 must be stabilized to avoid the state change caused by the subsequent thermal cycle. Thermal burst. Zr〇2 can be stabilized by several oxides: Ca〇, MgO, Y2〇3 or CeO. Typical cast slag contains increased lime concentration and in these cases, Ca 〇 is better stabilized. The agent, because it is used in the thermodynamically most stable form of the stabilization of Zr〇2 in this environment. The presence of graphite in combination with zr〇2 in this new material increases the thermal shock resistance of the nozzle nozzle insert. The graphite component It is natural graphite or artificial graphite. However, natural flake graphite (other ordinary forms of amorphous graphite of natural graphite) is preferred because of the high oxidation resistance of natural flake graphite, which is proposed by the nozzle insert. Antioxidant properties. Compared to the current nozzle nozzle insert made of pure carbon, the corrosion resistance of the Zr02/graphite mixture is significantly higher. ' Because the Zr〇2 particles are very hard and have sharp edges, fine particle size distribution (-325 is less than 44 μπι particle size) It is recommended to minimize the mechanical friction of Zr〇2 141072.doc 201009094 and the wear characteristics. If the fine particle size distribution is not controlled to this fine size, it can be passed from the mouth to the mouth. The line on the insert observes additional mechanical wear in the inner bell of the nozzle nozzle assembly 70, which shortens the life of the nozzle nozzle. • The nozzle nozzle insert is manufactured by mixing Zr〇2 powder. And graphite. The resin binder of the above-mentioned finger 1 is added to the mixture to form a slurry. The resin binder is preferably a heat-hardening point material, which is a combination of a liquid and an @-state powder. It is added. Both the powder and the liquid resin are benzophenone polymer resins. The powder resins can be classified into varnishes and the liquid resins can be classified into m-benzene H powder resin and liquid resin at about 60/40 to about 40/. 60, and preferably a powder/liquid weight ratio of about 50/50 is provided. The mud system is continuously mixed until the mud temperature reaches 14. The mud temperature rises during the mixing process due to mechanical mixing. The internal friction of the mud material. At this stage, the mixed mud comprises a small ball of a mixed material solidified by a liquid resin. Generally, the amount of the liquid resin added is more than that for the next molding because the enamel material can be uniformly mixed. The optimum amount of steps is followed by drying of the slurry in a rotary furnace. The drying step is designed according to temperature and duration to produce a slurry having the desired moisture content in the molding step. The dry mud is then molded into a desired shape for the nozzle nozzle insert and heat treated. One advantage of using an organic resin on the water to form a slurry is that the water evaporates in a subsequent heat treatment step, leaving small holes and resulting in extremely high porosity in the nozzle nozzle insert 70. On the other hand, the organic resin is partially burned off during the subsequent heat treatment and leaves carbon residue. This residual carbon material promotes the porosity of the 141072.doc 17 201009094 and improves the characteristics of the nozzle insert. The higher porosity is undesirable because the small holes promote the attack mechanism of attacking the nozzle insert as it immerses in the molten metal. Although pure zirconia has a better anti-corrosion property than the pure carbon of the current 9-nozzle nozzle, it is not suitable because of its poor thermal shock resistance due to its monoclinic tetragonal crystal structure. However, the stabilized palpitations 2 with a cubic crystal structure have better thermal shock resistance and, therefore, are better suited for nozzle nozzle insert applications. Thermal shock resistance and surface wear (ie, friction) characteristics are It can be further improved by mixing Zr〇2 with graphite to produce a more durable sprayed silver piece. The test results show that the service life of the Zr〇2 based nozzle nozzle insert is improved by about 2 to 20 times compared to the conventional pure carbon nozzle. The molding process used to form the pre-dried mud into the nozzle nozzle can be any of a variety of available molding processes for the particular hybrid material and the final shape of the insert. An example of this molding process is isostatic molding. Isostatic molding is a process of uniformly applying molding pressure in all directions around the manufactured part, which is different from compression molding in which pressure is applied only in one direction. The first statically molded parts are made close to the mesh and thus produce significantly less waste material than other molding techniques. Isostatically molded winter parts typically have highly consistent material properties. Isostatic molding applies pressure to the mold by placing the mold in a high pressure vessel filled with hydraulic fluid. Use 5, 〇〇〇 to 20,00 〇 1) for even higher hydraulic pressure. This high static pressure produces a low porosity and a better pore size distribution of the molded part. 141072.doc -18- 201009094 Then 'the hydrostatic molded nozzle nozzle inserts are solidified at about l8 (rc to volatilize the organic gas from the polymer resin). After that, the nozzle nozzle is suitable for reducing the atmosphere. Medium about 800 to 120 (ignored at rc. If desired, the nozzle nozzle insert can be further embossed. Since the wire 20 is fed, it can be expected at the nozzle 86 of the nozzle tip 68 and Vibration and chattering around the space allowed in 80. However, the line is typically maintained at the center of the discharge passages 86 and 8, even if the side walls of the passages are stationary. The line 20 and the passages 86 and 8 The space left between the side walls is sufficiently small that the gas pressure drawn through the nozzle nozzle 6 overcomes the fluid pressure of the migrated molten metal, which would otherwise tend to flow upwardly to the nozzle. The interactive movement of the gas enhances the ability of the nozzle to resist clogging. The sealing mechanism 3 is provided in the wire feed system to prevent backing of the inert gas. The garnish mechanism 30 includes a casing having at least one pair of opposed pistons 32. With its perimeter The sealing surface is for slidably fitting a wire moving therein, which is fastened to the advancing additive line 2 in a gas-tight manner. Downstream of the opposing piston 32, the inert gas passes from the inert gas source 31 via the conduit" Feeding to the area of line 20, the line is now sealed in a gas-free lean 44 leading from the seal 30 to the nozzle 60. A compressed air source 34 is used to drive the opposing piston 32 against the line. It is also possible to provide a water pressure, etc. A multi-manifold can be used to evenly distribute the pressure of the compressor 34 or other source. The details of the sealing mechanism are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,512,800, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The contents are incorporated herein by reference. Suitable control mechanisms can be simultaneously connected to the pinch roller feeder 24 141072.doc • 19- 201009094 and the inert gas pressure controller 42. To avoid waste, the gas controller 42 should remain closed until the wire is fitted by the opposing piston 32 of the seal 3. Regardless of the special pressure, no special air pressure is required until the wire injector nozzle 6 begins to approach the molten metal 56 or the slag 54 thereon. .at this time The feeder and the inert gas/1 strong control can be started simultaneously, and the nozzle is put into the molten metal. The molten additive and the inert gas are discharged from the nozzle port just below the sleek/metal interface. For example, a nozzle tip for feeding an additive line to a melt-resistant nozzle of a certain amount of molten metal below the surface of the molten metal is disclosed. The nozzle tip includes an inlet and an outlet, and is disposed at a passage between the inlet and the outlet for feeding the additive line through the resistance meltblown tube, a refractory outer casing, a conduit disposed within the refractory outer casing, wherein the conduit includes an inlet An end and an outlet end, and a first passage extending from the inlet end to the outlet end of the conduit, the inlet end configured to engage a main nozzle of the main portion of the melt-resistant nozzle. The nozzle tip also includes a nozzle insert disposed in the refractory housing, the nozzle insert having an inlet port and an outlet end and a first passage extending from the inlet end to the outlet end of the nozzle insert, An inlet end of the nozzle insert is configured to engage with an outlet end of the conduit to connect the second passage to the first passage for transporting the addition line. The first passage has an inlet end at the nozzle insert Externally flared into a funnel-shaped portion, and the first passage has a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the second passage, and flared outwardly at the inlet end of the conduit into a funnel-shaped portion for receiving and guiding The additive line is transported through the first and first channels. The outlet end of the nozzle insert forms the outlet of the nozzle 141072.doc 201009094
D 該噴管喷嘴嵌件可由一包括安定化氧化锆及石墨之材料 製成。該石墨可為天然石墨、天然片狀石墨或人造石墨。 用於該喷管喷嘴後件的材料可進一步包括一熱硬化樹㈣ 合劑。用於該噴管喷嘴谈件的材料可包括約6〇_85重量百 分比安定化氧化錯及約10_36重量百分比石墨。用於該喷 f喷嘴嵌件的材料可包括約60_85重量百分比安定化氧化 結、約π)-36重量百分比石墨及約415重量百分比熱硬化樹 脂黏合劑。用於該喷管喷嘴嵌件的材料可包括約67_77重 量百分比安定化氧化錯、約19_29重量百分比石墨及約Η 重量百分比熱硬化樹脂黏合劑。該氧化錯可經選自由 CaO、Mg〇、恤及㈤組成之群之氧化物而安定。 根據另-實施例，一種用於將一添加劑線银至在該熔融 金屬表面以下的一定量溶融金屬中之喷管喷嘴，其可包括 :口、-喷管出口及一主要部分。該主要部分可包括一 β耐炼外成' —位於該第一耐溶外殼内的第一導管，其 提供-用於將該添加劑線運輸至該噴管出口之第一通道。 頭噴二：驚亦包含一形成該噴管喷嘴之出口端的喷觜尖 嘴尖頭包括一第二耐熔外殼及一設置於該第-耐 溶外殼内的第二導管。該第二導管包括一入== 端及一自該當-拔汾 八榀及出口 該入口端的入口端延伸至出口伸的第二通道。 Α構形以與該第一導管卡 該第一”亥第—通道至 含一讯詈；心線至該喷管出口。該噴嘴尖頭亦包 。又於該第二耐熔外殼内的噴臂嵌件。該喷嘴欲件具 I4I072.doc •21· 201009094 有-入口端及―出口端’及—自該噴嘴嵌件的人口端 至出口端的第三通道。該喷嘴嵌件的入口端經構形以與該 第二導管的出σ端卡合，連接該第三通道至該第二通道用 於運輸該添加劑線。該㈣嵌件的出口端形成該喷管的出 口 ’其中該第三通道具有-在該喷嘴嵌件的入口端向外展 開成一漏斗狀部分之直徑，且該第二通道具有一直徑，其 實質上等於該第三通道的直徑並在該第二導管的入口端向 ❹ 外展開成-漏斗狀部分，以用於接納及導引該添加劑線穿 過該第二及第三通道被運輸。 該噴管噴嘴的主要部分及噴嘴尖頭經改造及構形為可移 除地彼此嵌合且必要時容許更換該喷嘴尖頭。 本發明之基本特點已被揭示，熟習此項技術者現顯而易 見進一步的變更《所有此等變更被認為係屬於附屬申請專 利範圍之範圍。應參考附屬申請專利範圍而非前述說明， 因為其表明本發明之真實範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係一喷管裝置之透視圖，其用於向外展開線形式的 添加劑處理一定量熔融金屬； 圖2係圖1之該喷管之透視的、部分地剖視圖； 圖3係根據一實施例之該喷管喷嘴的一橫截面圖； 圖4係一喷管喷嘴嵌件及一導管總成而無該耐熔外殻之 側視圖；及 圖5係說明該喷管噴嘴尖頭的導管部分的入口端之橫截 面圖。 141072.doc -22- 201009094D The nozzle nozzle insert can be made of a material comprising stabilized zirconia and graphite. The graphite may be natural graphite, natural flake graphite or artificial graphite. The material for the nozzle nozzle rear member may further comprise a thermosetting tree (tetra) mixture. Materials for the nozzle tip can include about 6 Torr to about 85 weight percent of the oxidative error and about 10 to 36 weight percent of the graphite. The material for the spray nozzle insert may comprise about 60-85 weight percent stabilized oxide, about π)-36 weight percent graphite, and about 415 weight percent thermosetting resin binder. The material for the nozzle nozzle insert may comprise about 67-77 weight percent stabilized oxidative error, about 19-29 weight percent graphite, and about twist weight percent thermosetting resin binder. The oxidative error can be stabilized by an oxide selected from the group consisting of CaO, Mg〇, a shirt and (5). According to another embodiment, a nozzle nozzle for silvering an additive line into a quantity of molten metal below the surface of the molten metal may include a port, a nozzle outlet, and a main portion. The main portion can include a beta-resistant outer casing - a first conduit located within the first containment enclosure that provides - a first passage for transporting the additive line to the nozzle outlet. The first spray nozzle includes a second refractory outer casing and a second conduit disposed in the first solvent-resistant outer casing. The second conduit includes an inlet == end and a second passage extending from the inlet end of the outlet port and the outlet end of the outlet end to the outlet. The Α is configured to engage the first conduit with the first conduit to include a signal; the core wire to the nozzle outlet. The nozzle tip is also wrapped. The spray in the second refractory housing Arm insert. The nozzle has an I4I072.doc •21· 201009094 with an inlet end and an “outlet end” and a third passage from the population end to the outlet end of the nozzle insert. The inlet end of the nozzle insert is Forming to engage with the exit σ end of the second conduit, connecting the third passage to the second passage for transporting the additive line. The outlet end of the (four) insert forms an outlet of the nozzle 'the third of which The passage has a diameter that expands outwardly into a funnel-shaped portion at the inlet end of the nozzle insert, and the second passage has a diameter that is substantially equal to the diameter of the third passage and is at the inlet end of the second conduit The outer portion is expanded into a funnel-shaped portion for receiving and guiding the additive wire to be transported through the second and third passages. The main portion of the nozzle nozzle and the nozzle tip are modified and configured to be movable The ground tip is fitted to each other and the nozzle tip is allowed to be replaced if necessary. The basic features of the invention have been disclosed, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that further changes are considered to be within the scope of the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a nozzle device for treating a certain amount of molten metal with an additive in the form of an outwardly deployed line; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the nozzle of FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle of the nozzle according to an embodiment; FIG. 4 is a side view of a nozzle nozzle insert and a conduit assembly without the refractory shell; and FIG. A cross-sectional view of the inlet end of the conduit portion of the nozzle tip of the nozzle. 141072.doc -22- 201009094
【主要元件符號說明】 20 線 22 卷軸 24 餵線裝置 30 密封機構 31 惰性氣體源 32 活塞 33 導管 34 壓縮機 36 多歧管 42 氣體控制器 44 導管 48 軛總成 52 容器 54 熔潰 56 熔融金屬 60 喷管喷嘴 62 而寸炫外殼 66 主要部分 68 噴管喷嘴尖頭 70 噴管噴嘴嵌件 72 凹入通路 74 頸狀部分 75 錫定構件 141072.doc -23- 201009094 77 凹入部 78a 導管部分 78b 主要導管 79a 螺紋頸部 79b 凹入部分 80 通道 83 入口 84 喷管出口 86 通道 89 向外展開入口 170 入口端 172 出口端 D1 直徑 D2 直徑 D3 直徑 Θ 角度 141072.doc -24[Main component symbol description] 20 wire 22 reel 24 wire feeding device 30 sealing mechanism 31 inert gas source 32 piston 33 conduit 34 compressor 36 multi manifold 42 gas controller 44 conduit 48 yoke assembly 52 container 54 melt 56 molten metal 60 Nozzle Nozzle 62 and Inch Hood 66 Main Portion 68 Nozzle Nozzle Tip 70 Nozzle Nozzle Insert 72 Recessed Path 74 Neck Section 75 Tin Member 141072.doc -23- 201009094 77 Recessed 78a Conduit Port 78b Main conduit 79a Threaded neck 79b Recessed portion 80 Channel 83 Inlet 84 Nozzle outlet 86 Channel 89 Outwardly flared inlet 170 Inlet end 172 Outlet end D1 Diameter D2 Diameter D3 Diameter 角度 Angle 141072.doc -24