TW200941016A - Induction motor control device and motor constant measurement/computing method therefor - Google Patents
Induction motor control device and motor constant measurement/computing method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- TW200941016A TW200941016A TW097143667A TW97143667A TW200941016A TW 200941016 A TW200941016 A TW 200941016A TW 097143667 A TW097143667 A TW 097143667A TW 97143667 A TW97143667 A TW 97143667A TW 200941016 A TW200941016 A TW 200941016A
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
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- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 16
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
- H02P21/16—Estimation of constants, e.g. the rotor time constant
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Abstract
Description
200941016 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明,係有關於感應電動機控制裝置、以及使用驅 動其之控制裝置之電動機常數之測定演算方法。 【先前技術】 以往的感應電動機常數的測定演算’係測定電壓指令 與輸出電流之各個大小以及相位差’以從各個大小所演算 出的阻抗爲基礎,使用相位差來分離成阻抗成分與電感成 分,求出一次阻抗與二次阻抗的和以及漏電感(例如’參 閱專利文獻1 )。 藉由專利文獻1的技術’使用q軸電壓指令vq_ref以 及d軸電壓指令vd_ref來演算電壓指令的大小v_ref以及 電壓相位0 v,把磁束相位0 fphi加算到該電壓相位0 v後 來演算三相交流座標之電壓相位。更進一步,檢測輸出電 流,變換成iq_fb以及id_fb,演算i_fb的大小。接著, 演算電壓指令値、電流檢測値的平均値以及電壓指令與電 流檢測値的相位差,演算出感應電動機的電動機常數。 又,使用供給電壓到電動機之驅動裝置的半導體轉換 元件之開啓(〇N )電壓下降値,補正電壓的大小以及上 述相位差(例如,參閱專利文獻2 )。 如此,從電壓指令與輸出電流的大小來演算阻抗,使 用相位差來分離阻抗成分與電感成分,求出電動機常數。 〔專利文獻1〕日本特開2002-228 1 3號專利公報 200941016 〔專利文獻2〕日本3959617號專利公報 【發明內容】 〔發明欲解決之課題〕 在以往的感應電動機之電動機常數測定演算方法中’ 因爲使用電壓指令與輸出電流的相位差在阻抗成分與漏電 感成分的分離上,相位差的檢測演算是有必要’而會有增 加演算處理的問題。又,相位差的檢測誤差’特別是大大 影響到了阻抗成分的測定精確度的緣故,因此被要求高精 密度地演算相位差,爲了進行更精確的演算’會另外有演 算處理變得更複雜,或者必須有電力轉換元件的〇N電壓 資訊的問題。 本發明是有鑑於這樣的問題點而硏創者,其目的是提 供一種:不使用電壓與電流的相位差,僅使用電壓與電流 的振幅値,可高精密度地測定漏電感以及一次阻抗與二次 阻抗的和之感應電動機控制裝置以及其電動機常數測定演 算方法。 〔解決課題之手段〕 爲了解決上述問題,本發明,係由以下來構成。 請求項1所記載的發明,係具備有:可以控制輸出電 壓的大小、頻率、以及相位的電力變換器,和檢測透過前 述電力變換器供給流到感應電動機之各個相的輸出電流之 電流檢測器,和使用輸出到前述電動機的電壓的電壓振幅 -6- 200941016 値以及由前述輸出電流所演算出的電流振幅値來測定演算 前述電動機的電性常數之電動機常數演算器;前述電動機 常數演算器,係具備了 :電壓指令演算部’爲在前述電動 機的停止狀態下,以產生交變磁通量的方式’來個別給予 已經預先設定好的2個相異的頻率之正弦波電壓’和阻抗 演算部,爲使用在此時之各個的頻率之前述電壓振幅値及 前述電流振幅値,來求出2個阻抗値;使用前述2個頻率 ^ 的差與前述2個阻抗値的差來求出第1漏電感値,使用以 前述2個頻率之中任一個的頻率所求出的前述阻抗値來求 出第2漏電感値,使用前述第1及第2漏電感値來測定演 算出前述電動機的漏電感値。 又,請求項2所記載的發明,係請求項1所記載的電 動機常數演算器,係使用前述已測定演算出的電動機的漏 電感値以及前述2個頻率之中任一個的頻率所求出的前述 阻抗値來演算出前述電動機的一次阻抗値與二次阻抗値的 ❿ 和。 又,請求項3所記載的發明,係請求項2所記載的電 動機常數演算器,係令前述2個頻率爲fa、fb,前述2個 阻抗値爲Za、Zb ’以及前述電動機的漏電感値爲L ’則前 述電動機的一次阻抗値與二次阻抗値的和以下列算式: R - ^Ζα2- (2· π · fa · L)2 或 R = 4^b2 - (2· π · fb · L)2 來求出。 200941016 又,請求項4所記載的發明,係請求項2所記載的電 動機常數演算器,係使用前述已測定演算出的電動機的漏 電感値以及前述2個阻抗値,來演算2次出前述電動機的 一次阻抗値與二次阻抗値的和,將前述2個一次阻抗値與 二次阻抗値的和直線近似於與前述2個頻率相異之第3頻 率的値後,演算出前述電動機之一次阻抗値與二次阻抗値 的和。 又,請求項5所記載的發明,係請求項4所記載的電 動機常數演算器,前述電動機常數演算器,係令前述2個 頻率爲fa、fb,令前述第3頻率爲(fa· fb) /(fa+fb) ο 爲了解決上述問題,本發明,係由以下所爲之。 請求項6所記載的發明,係在感應電動機控制裝置的 電動機常數測定演算方法中,具備有:透過可以做輸出電 壓的大小、頻率、以及相位的控制之電力變換器來供給電 壓的感應電動機在停止迴轉的狀態下,以在前述電動機產 生交變磁通量的方式,來個別地賦予已預先設定之相異的 2個頻率的正弦波電壓之步驟,和使用利用在此時各個頻 率之前述電動機的各個相所流動的輸出電流所演算出的電 流振幅値以及對前述電動機的供給電壓的電壓振幅値來求 出2個阻抗値之步驟,和使用前述2個頻率的差與前述2 個阻抗値的差來求出第1漏電感値之步驟’和使用以前述 2個頻率中任一個的頻率所求出的前述阻抗値來求出第2 漏電感値之步驟,和使用前述第1及第2漏電感値’來測 -8- 200941016 定演算出前述電動機的漏電感値之步驟。 又,請求項7所記載的發明,係除了請求項第6項所 記載的步驟以外’進行使用前述已測定演算出的電動機的 漏電感値以及前述2個頻率之中任一個的頻率所求出的前 述阻抗値,來演算出前述電動機的一次阻抗値與二次阻抗 値的和之步驟。 又,請求項8所記載的發明’係在演算請求項7所記 ❹ 載的電動機的一次阻抗値與二次阻抗値的和之步驟中’令 前述2個頻率爲fa、fb,前述2個阻抗値爲Za、Zb’以 及前述電動機的漏電感値爲L,則前述電動機的一次阻抗 値與二次阻抗値的和以下列算式: R = Vz«2 π · fa · L)2 或 R = 4zh2-(2' π · fl? · L)2 來求出。 φ 又,請求項9所記載的發明,係演算請求項7所記載 的電動機的一次阻抗値與二次阻抗値的和之步驟’係由下 列步驟所構成:使用前述已測定演算出的電動機的漏電感 値以及前述2個阻抗値,來演算2次出前述電動機的一次 阻抗値與二次阻抗値的和之步驟,和以前述2個一次阻抗 値與二次阻抗値的和,來演算出直線近似於與前述2個頻 率相異之第3頻率的値之步驟。 又,請求項1 〇所記載的發明,係在演算出請求項9 所記載之直線近似於前述第3頻率的値之步驟中’令前$ -9- 200941016 2個頻率爲fa、fb,令前述第3頻率爲(fa. fb )/( fa + fb )。 〔發明之效果〕 由本件記載之發明,可以僅從已測定的阻抗的大小來 求得漏電感以及一次阻抗與二次阻抗的和,可以減輕電壓 與電流的相位差的演算處理,同時也不受到相位差的檢測 誤差的影響,可以來提高測定精密度。 【實施方式】 以下,有關本發明的方法之具體實施例,係根據圖面 說明之。 〔實施例1〕 圖1,係表示在於電動機控制裝置中有關適用於本發 明的方法之部分的構成。電動機常數演算器1,係作成電 動機常數測定用之電壓指令,賦予指令到向量演算器2的 同時,使用該電壓指令以及以設在U相的電流檢測器5及 設在V相的電流檢測器6所檢測出的輸出電流iu、iv,來 演算電動機常數。有關該具體的處理後述之。向量演算器 2,係根據電壓指令的大小v_ref與電壓輸出相位0V來變 換成U、V、W各個相之電壓指令。電力變換器3,係根 據已輸入之各個相的電壓指令,利用PWM控制,把未圖 示的直流電源變換成三相交流電壓,施加到是爲負載之感 -10- 200941016 應電動機4。 圖2’係本發明的重要部分之電動機常數演算器1的 構成圖。以下,針對電動機常數演算器1的動作,使用圖 2說明之。 座標變換部11,係使用式(1) 、(2),把在電流檢 測器5、6所檢測出的輸出電流iu、iv變換成二相交流電 流 i a ' i β 。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an induction motor control device and a measurement calculation method for a motor constant using a control device that drives the same. [Prior Art] The conventional measurement of the induction motor constant 'measures the magnitude and phase difference of the voltage command and the output current' based on the impedance calculated from each size, and separates the impedance component and the inductance component using the phase difference. The sum of the primary impedance and the secondary impedance and the leakage inductance are obtained (for example, see 'Patent Document 1'). By using the technique of Patent Document 1 to calculate the magnitude of the voltage command v_ref and the voltage phase 0 v using the q-axis voltage command vq_ref and the d-axis voltage command vd_ref, the magnetic flux phase 0 fphi is added to the voltage phase 0 v and then the three-phase alternating current is calculated. The voltage phase of the coordinates. Further, the output current is detected, converted into iq_fb and id_fb, and the size of i_fb is calculated. Next, the voltage command 値, the average 电流 of the current detection 値, and the phase difference between the voltage command and the current detection 値 are calculated, and the motor constant of the induction motor is calculated. Further, the turn-on (〇N) voltage drop of the semiconductor conversion element that supplies the voltage to the driving device of the motor, the magnitude of the correction voltage, and the phase difference are used (for example, see Patent Document 2). In this way, the impedance is calculated from the magnitude of the voltage command and the output current, and the impedance component and the inductance component are separated by the phase difference to obtain the motor constant. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2002-228 No. 3 Patent No. 200941016 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent No. 3959617 [Draft of the Invention] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional motor constant measurement calculation method for an induction motor Since the phase difference between the voltage command and the output current is separated from the impedance component and the leakage inductance component, the phase difference detection calculation is necessary, and there is a problem that the arithmetic processing is increased. Further, since the detection error of the phase difference greatly affects the measurement accuracy of the impedance component, it is required to calculate the phase difference with high precision, and in order to perform more accurate calculations, there is another calculation process that becomes more complicated. Or there must be a problem with the 〇N voltage information of the power conversion component. The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a high-precision measurement of leakage inductance and primary impedance with a phase difference between voltage and current without using a phase difference between voltage and current. An induction motor control device for the sum of secondary impedances and a motor constant measurement calculation method thereof. [Means for Solving the Problem] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is constituted as follows. The invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a power converter capable of controlling a magnitude, a frequency, and a phase of an output voltage, and a current detector for detecting an output current flowing through each phase of the induction motor through the power converter And a motor constant calculator for calculating the electrical constant of the motor by using a voltage amplitude of the voltage outputted to the motor -6-200941016 値 and a current amplitude 演 calculated by the output current; the motor constant calculator, The voltage command calculation unit 'is sinusoidal voltage' and two impedance sines of two different frequencies that have been set in advance in a manner of generating an alternating magnetic flux in the stopped state of the motor, and an impedance calculation unit. In order to use the voltage amplitude 値 and the current amplitude 値 of the respective frequencies at this time, two impedances 求出 are obtained; and the difference between the two frequencies ^ and the difference between the two impedances 来 is used to obtain the first leakage current. The second leakage is obtained by using the impedance 求出 obtained by the frequency of any one of the two frequencies. Zhi, using the first and second leakage inductance is calculated to determine the play Zhizhi leakage inductance of the motor. Further, the invention according to claim 2 is the motor constant calculator described in claim 1, which is obtained by using the measured leakage inductance 値 of the motor and the frequency of any one of the two frequencies. The impedance 値 is used to calculate the sum of the primary impedance 値 and the secondary impedance 前述 of the motor. Further, the invention according to claim 3 is the motor constant calculator described in claim 2, wherein the two frequencies are fa and fb, and the two impedances Z are Za and Zb′ and the leakage inductance of the motor 値For L ', the sum of the primary impedance 値 and the secondary impedance 前述 of the aforementioned motor is as follows: R - ^Ζα2- (2· π · fa · L) 2 or R = 4^b2 - (2· π · fb L) 2 to find. In the invention of claim 4, the motor constant calculator described in claim 2 calculates the leakage inductance 値 of the motor that has been measured and the two impedances 来, and calculates the motor twice. The sum of the primary impedance 値 and the secondary impedance ,, and the sum of the two primary impedance 値 and the secondary impedance 近似 is approximated to the third frequency different from the two frequencies, and the motor is once calculated. The sum of the impedance 値 and the secondary impedance 値. Further, the invention according to claim 5 is the motor constant calculator according to claim 4, wherein the motor constant controller is configured such that the two frequencies are fa and fb, and the third frequency is (fa·fb). /(fa+fb) ο In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is as follows. According to the invention of claim 6, the motor constant measurement calculation method of the induction motor control device includes an induction motor that supplies a voltage through a power converter that can control the magnitude, frequency, and phase of the output voltage. In the state where the rotation is stopped, the sinusoidal voltages of the two different frequencies which are set in advance are individually given in such a manner that the electric motor generates the alternating magnetic flux, and the motor using the above-mentioned respective frequencies at the respective frequencies is used. The current amplitude 値 calculated by the output current flowing through each phase and the voltage amplitude 对 of the supply voltage to the motor are used to obtain two impedance ,, and the difference between the two frequencies and the two impedances 値 are used. The step of obtaining the first leakage inductance 値 and the step of obtaining the second leakage inductance 使用 using the impedance 求出 obtained by using the frequency of any one of the two frequencies, and using the first and second Leakage inductance 値' to measure -8- 200941016 The step of calculating the leakage inductance of the aforementioned motor. In addition, the invention described in the claim 7 is obtained by using the leakage inductance 値 of the motor that has been measured and the frequency of the two frequencies, in addition to the steps described in the sixth item of the claim. The impedance 値 is used to calculate the sum of the primary impedance 値 and the secondary impedance 前述 of the motor. Further, the invention described in claim 8 is in the step of calculating the sum of the primary impedance 値 and the secondary impedance 电动机 of the motor loaded in the calculation request item 7, so that the two frequencies are fa and fb, and the two The impedance 値 is Za, Zb' and the leakage inductance 値 of the aforementioned motor is L, and the sum of the primary impedance 値 and the secondary impedance 前述 of the aforementioned motor is expressed by the following formula: R = Vz « 2 π · fa · L) 2 or R = 4zh2-(2' π · fl? · L)2 is obtained. Further, the invention described in the claim 9 is a step of calculating the sum of the primary impedance 値 and the secondary impedance 电动机 of the motor described in the calculation request item 7 by the following steps: using the motor of the measured calculation The leakage inductance 値 and the two impedances 値 are calculated by the sum of the primary impedance 値 and the secondary impedance 2 of the motor twice, and the sum of the two primary impedance 値 and the secondary impedance , The straight line approximates the step of the third frequency which is different from the above two frequencies. Further, the invention described in the claim 1 is in the step of calculating the straight line described in the claim 9 to approximate the third frequency, and the first frequency is fa, fb, and The third frequency is (fa.fb)/(fa + fb). [Effects of the Invention] According to the invention described in the present invention, the leakage inductance and the sum of the primary impedance and the secondary impedance can be obtained only from the magnitude of the measured impedance, and the calculation process of the phase difference between the voltage and the current can be reduced, and The measurement precision can be improved by the influence of the detection error of the phase difference. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the method of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. [Embodiment 1] Fig. 1 is a view showing a configuration of a part of a motor control device which is applied to the method of the present invention. The motor constant calculator 1 is configured to generate a voltage command for measuring the motor constant, and to supply the command to the vector calculator 2, and to use the voltage command and the current detector 5 provided in the U phase and the current detector provided in the V phase. The detected output currents iu and iv are used to calculate the motor constant. This specific process will be described later. The vector calculator 2 is converted into voltage commands of the respective phases U, V, and W according to the magnitude of the voltage command v_ref and the voltage output phase 0V. The power converter 3 converts a DC power source (not shown) into a three-phase AC voltage according to a voltage command of each phase that has been input, and applies a sense of load to the load -10-200941016. Fig. 2' is a configuration diagram of the motor constant calculator 1 which is an important part of the present invention. Hereinafter, the operation of the motor constant calculator 1 will be described with reference to Fig. 2 . The coordinate conversion unit 11 converts the output currents iu and iv detected by the current detectors 5 and 6 into two-phase alternating current i a ' i β using equations (1) and (2).
iw = —(ίύ + iv) ία _2 ^ — 1 1 1 2 2 iu iv 知· ~ϊ 〇 Α Λ L 2 2J iw .·,⑴ ...⑵ 尙且,式(2 )中的(2/3 ),係爲了在變換前後使振 幅大小相等的係數;相位順序爲U、V、W時設爲正轉, 於電壓輸出相位0v=〇( rad)時把U相化爲最大的座標 系,因三相二相變換使α相一致於U相。 首先,說明有關由已測定之電壓與電流來求得阻抗之 〇 處理。電流振幅演算部1 2 ’係使用式(3 ) ’來計算輸出 電流檢測値i_fb的大小。 i_fb = ^(ia2+i]32) **·(3) 電流平均値演算部1 3,係演算輸出電流檢測値i_fb 的平均値,把該値做爲電流平均値i-det。該演算’係取 得輸出電流檢測値i_fb的絕對値’使用低通濾波器來平均 化並進行求取。 尙且,於電流平均値i-det的演算中’取代平均値而 演算實效値的方式也是可以實施本發明的’在這樣的情況 -11 - 200941016 下’把輸出電流檢測値i_fb平方後,使用低通濾波器來平 均化後,來求得其平方根。 電壓指令演算部14’係使用式(4),演算電壓指令 的振幅v_ref,同時輸出是爲任意的固定値之0v至向量演 算器2。 v_ref=Vamp.sin(2. π .fh.t) ".(4) 尙且,Vamp爲可變値,施加的最初係爲零或是很小 的値,逐漸加大’以電流檢測値成爲特定的位準的方式, 使得在施加的最初不會流動過大電流。fh係測定條件的頻 率。 在此,電壓指令的振幅v_ref係做爲一相份的電壓來 記載處理,但是對應向量演算器2的構成,當作線間電壓 來處理。 電壓平均値演算部1 5,係演算電壓指令v_ref的平均 値v_det。該演算方法,係與電流平均値演算部13同樣的 緣故,在此省略其說明。尙且,在電流平均値演算部13 中,以實效値求出電流檢測値i_det的情況下,也在電壓 平均値演算部15中,以同樣的演算方法來演算實效値。 阻抗演算部1 6,係由電壓平均値v_det與電流平均値 i_det來求得阻抗。此時,把相異2點的電流値的資料代 入到式(5 ),由該2點間的斜率來求得阻抗Z。 Z =(Ve_a—Ve_b)/(Ie_a—Ie_b) …(5) 尙且,Ve_a爲把輸出電流的大小以特定値1 ( Ie_a ) 來進行了通電之際的電壓指令的平均値;Ve_b爲把輸出 -12- 200941016 電流的大小以特定値2( Ie_b)來進行了通電之際的電壓 指令的平均値。 如此,利用由2點間的斜率來求得阻抗Z,如電力轉 換元件的ON電壓下降般,可以把做爲偏移(offset)誤 差包含到電壓指令之要素予以去除。 尙且,使處理時間優先,也是可以僅以1點的電流値 的資料來進行求取。 ❹ 又,式(4 )中的頻率fh的値,係如後述般地爲了忽 略相互電感Μ,若考慮到較高的頻率、集膚效應的影響, 期望有較低的頻率,因此以兩者的折衷(trade-off)來決 定,做爲目標由馬達的基底(額定)頻率的10分之1以 上來做爲馬達的基底(額定)頻率的範圍也是可以的。 尙且,在此的說明係使用電壓指令値,但是在驅動感 應電動機的裝置具備電壓檢測器的情況下,也是可以用電 壓檢測値的。 ❹ 接著,在常數演算部17的動作說明之前,首先,說 明有關在本發明所測定之感應電動機的電動機常數。 圖3係在本實施型態下使用在求得感應電動機的電動 機常數之感應電動機的T-1型等效電路。於圖中,v_ref 係所施加的電壓,Π係電動機的一次電流,R1係電動機 的一次阻抗,R2係電動機的二次阻抗,L係電動機的漏電 感,Μ係電動機的相互電感。 圖4係提高所施加的電壓的頻率fh的情況之感應電 動機的T-1型等效電路,做爲測定漏電感以及二次阻抗的 -13- 200941016 條件之電動機的一相份之等效電路。因爲提高所施加的電 壓的頻率fh的緣故,相互電感Μ的阻抗(2· π .fh.M )會比R2爲大的緣故,可以忽略流到Μ的電流。 在圖4所示的感應電動機的Τ-1型等效電路的阻抗Ζ ,係以式(6)來表示。 Ζ = + R2)2 + (2 · π · fh · j]f · · · (.6.) 接著,使用在常數演算部17的阻抗演算部16所求出 的阻抗,如下述般地說明有關求得電感以及一次阻抗與二 @ 次阻抗的和之動作。 首先,於在阻抗演算部16所求出的阻抗,有頻率fa 之阻抗Za、頻率fb之阻抗Zb,把這些代入式(7 ) 、(8 ),求出漏電感LI、L2。Iw = —(ίύ + iv) ία _2 ^ — 1 1 1 2 2 iu iv 知·~ϊ 〇Α Λ L 2 2J iw .·,(1) (2) 尙, (2 in equation (2) 3) is a coefficient that equalizes the amplitude before and after the conversion; when the phase sequence is U, V, and W, it is set to forward rotation, and when the voltage output phase is 0v = rad (rad), the U phase is converted into the largest coordinate system. The α phase coincides with the U phase due to the three-phase two-phase transformation. First, the 〇 processing for determining the impedance from the measured voltage and current will be described. The current amplitude calculation unit 1 2 ' calculates the magnitude of the output current detection 値i_fb using Equation (3)'. I_fb = ^(ia2+i]32) **·(3) The current average 値 calculation unit 13 is the average 値 of the calculated output current detection 値i_fb, and the 値 is the current average 値i-det. This calculation 'obtains the absolute 値' of the output current detection 値i_fb using a low-pass filter for averaging and obtaining. Moreover, in the calculation of the current average 値i-det, the method of calculating the effective 値 in place of the average 也是 is also possible to implement the present invention in the case of 'in this case -11 - 200941016', after square the output current detection 値i_fb, The low pass filter is averaged to find its square root. The voltage command calculation unit 14' uses the equation (4) to calculate the amplitude v_ref of the voltage command, and simultaneously outputs 0v to the vector calculator 2 which is an arbitrary fixed value. V_ref=Vamp.sin(2. π .fh.t) ".(4) Moreover, Vamp is a variable 値, the initial applied is zero or a small 値, gradually increasing 'current detection 値The way to become a specific level is such that no excessive current flows at the beginning of the application. Fh is the frequency of the measurement conditions. Here, the amplitude v_ref of the voltage command is described as a voltage of one phase, but the configuration of the corresponding vector calculator 2 is treated as the line voltage. The voltage average 値 calculation unit 15 is an average 値v_det of the calculation voltage command v_ref. This calculation method is the same as that of the current average 値 calculation unit 13, and the description thereof is omitted here. In the case where the current detection 値i_det is obtained by the actual current 値 calculation unit 13, the voltage average 値 calculation unit 15 calculates the actual effect 以 by the same calculation method. The impedance calculation unit 16 calculates the impedance from the voltage average 値v_det and the current average 値 i_det. At this time, the data of the current 値 at two different points is substituted into the equation (5), and the impedance Z is obtained from the slope between the two points. Z = (Ve_a - Ve_b) / (Ie_a - Ie_b) (5) Further, Ve_a is the average value of the voltage command when the magnitude of the output current is energized with a specific 値1 (Ie_a); Ve_b is Output -12- 200941016 The current 的 is the average 电压 of the voltage command when the current is energized with a specific 値2 (Ie_b). In this way, the impedance Z is obtained by the slope between two points, and if the ON voltage of the power conversion element is lowered, the offset error can be removed to the voltage command element. Moreover, the processing time can be prioritized, and it can be obtained only by the data of the current 値 at one point. ❹ Further, the 频率 of the frequency fh in the equation (4) is such that, in order to ignore the mutual inductance 后, as will be described later, it is desirable to have a lower frequency in consideration of the influence of a higher frequency and a skin effect. The trade-off determines that it is also possible to use a range of more than one-tenth of the base (rated) frequency of the motor as the base (rated) frequency of the motor. Further, although the description here is based on the use of the voltage command 値, when the device for driving the induction motor is provided with a voltage detector, the voltage can be detected by the voltage. Next, before the description of the operation of the constant calculation unit 17, first, the motor constant of the induction motor measured in the present invention will be described. Fig. 3 is a T-1 type equivalent circuit of the induction motor used in the present embodiment to obtain the motor constant of the induction motor. In the figure, v_ref is the applied voltage, the primary current of the Π-based motor, the primary impedance of the R1-based motor, the secondary impedance of the R2-based motor, the leakage inductance of the L-system motor, and the mutual inductance of the Μ-type motor. Fig. 4 is a T-1 type equivalent circuit of the induction motor in the case where the frequency fh of the applied voltage is raised, and is an equivalent circuit of a phase of the motor for measuring the leakage inductance and the secondary impedance of -13 to 200941016. . Since the frequency fh of the applied voltage is increased, the mutual inductance Μ impedance (2·π .fh.M ) is larger than R2, and the current flowing to the Μ can be ignored. The impedance Ζ of the Τ-1 type equivalent circuit of the induction motor shown in Fig. 4 is expressed by the equation (6). Ζ + + + + + + + + + The inductance and the sum of the primary impedance and the second-order impedance are obtained. First, the impedance obtained by the impedance calculation unit 16 has the impedance Za of the frequency fa and the impedance Zb of the frequency fb, and these are substituted into the equation (7). (8) Find the leakage inductances LI and L2.
Ll=(Za-Zb)/{2. π .(fa-fb)} ...(7) L2=Zb/(2· π -fb) ---(8) 尙且,阻抗Z大致與頻率成正比的緣故,漏電感LI 、L2,係針對漏電感L份的R1與R2的和的影響是爲較 ◎ 小而忽略之。 接著,把以式(7) 、(8)所求出的漏電感L1、L2 ,代入到式(9)來平均兩者,求出在圖3、4所示之感應 電動機的漏電感L的値。 L=(Ll+L2)/2 …⑼ 接著,把在式(9)所求出的漏電感L的値,使用式 (1 0 )、( 1 1 ),求得頻率fa之一次阻抗R 1與二次阻抗 R2的和Ra、頻率fb之一次阻抗R1與二次阻抗R2的和 -14- 200941016Ll=(Za-Zb)/{2. π .(fa-fb)} (7) L2=Zb/(2· π -fb) ---(8) ,, the impedance Z is approximately the same as the frequency In principle, the leakage inductances LI and L2 are the smaller and neglected effects of the sum of R1 and R2 for the leakage inductance L. Then, the leakage inductances L1 and L2 obtained by the equations (7) and (8) are substituted into the equation (9) to average both, and the leakage inductance L of the induction motor shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is obtained. value. L=(Ll+L2)/2 (9) Next, using the equations (10) and (1 1 ) of the leakage inductance L obtained in the equation (9), the primary impedance R 1 of the frequency fa is obtained. And the secondary impedance R2 sum Ra, the frequency of the primary impedance R1 and the secondary impedance R2 -14- 200941016
Rb。Rb.
Ra = ^Za2 -(2· π · fa f L)2 * * *(10)Ra = ^Za2 -(2· π · fa f L)2 * * *(10)
Rb = VZb2-(2^ π-fb* Lf . · <11) 接著,把使用式(12)來求取之頻率f之一次阻抗ri 與二次阻抗R2的和R,使用式(13)來進行內插近似, 做爲在圖3、4所示之感應電動機的一次阻抗R1與二次阻 抗R2的和R。Rb = VZb2-(2^ π-fb* Lf . · <11) Next, the sum R of the primary impedance ri of the frequency f obtained by the equation (12) and the secondary impedance R2 is used, and the equation (13) is used. The interpolation approximation is performed as the sum R of the primary impedance R1 and the secondary impedance R2 of the induction motor shown in Figs.
f= (fa.fb)/(fa+fb) ...(12) R = Raf= (fa.fb)/(fa+fb) ...(12) R = Ra
Rb-'Ra fb-faRb-'Ra fb-fa
•(13) 尙且,以用式(12) 、(13)進行內插近似的方式是 否可以把一次阻抗R1與二次阻抗R2的和R排除與頻率 相依的誤差要因的說明,因爲有記載於日本特開2 003-339 1 89號專利公報的緣故,在此省略之。 如此,可以求出在圖3、4所示之感應電動機的漏電 感L以及一次阻抗R1與二次阻抗R2的和R。 〔實施例2〕 圖5,係表示針對上述的說明於實際測定的情況之程 序的流程圖。使用該圖來依序說明本發明的方法。 首先,在S100,以頻率30Hz通電馬達額定電流的50 %,測定電壓指令値V30_050與電流檢測値130_050。 接著,在S101,以頻率60Hz通電馬達額定電流的5〇 %,測定電壓指令値V60_05 0與電流檢測値160_050。 接著,在S102,以頻率30Hz通電馬達額定電流的 -15- 200941016 100%,測定電壓指令値V30_100與電流檢測値I30_100 〇 接著,在S103,以頻率60Hz通電馬達額定電流的 100%,測定電壓指令値V60_100與電流檢測値160_100 〇 接著,在S104,使用在S100〜S103所測定出的資料 與上述式(5),把在fa( 3 0Hz ) 、fb ( 60Hz )的阻抗, 各自做爲Z30、Z60來求出。 Z30= ( V30_100-V30_050 ) / ( 13 0_ 1 0 0 -13 0_0 5 0 ) Z60= ( V60_l 00-V60_050 ) / ( 16 0_ 1 0 0 -16 0_0 5 0 ) 接著,在S105,使用在S104所演算出的阻抗Z30、 Z60與上述式(7),求出漏電感L1。 L1 = (Z60-Z30) / {2· π · (60-30) } 接著,在S106,使用在S104所演算出的阻抗Ζ60與 上述式(8),求出漏電感L2。 L2=Z60/ (2· η · 6 0) 接著,在S107,使用在S104、S105所演算出的LI、 L2與上述式(9),求出感應電動機的漏電感L,做爲漏 電感的測定結果。 L - ( LI + L2 ) /2 接著,在S108,使用在S104所演算出的阻抗Z30、 在S107所演算出的L與上述式(1〇),求出頻率fa ( 3 0Hz)之一次阻抗R1與二次阻抗R2的和Ra。(13) In addition, whether the interpolation of the primary impedance R1 and the secondary impedance R2 can be used to eliminate the frequency-dependent error factor of the primary impedance R1 and the secondary impedance R2 is explained by the equations (12) and (13). It is omitted here because it is disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2 003-339, No. Thus, the leakage inductance L of the induction motor shown in Figs. 3 and 4 and the sum R of the primary impedance R1 and the secondary impedance R2 can be obtained. [Embodiment 2] Fig. 5 is a flow chart showing the procedure for the actual measurement described above. The figure is used to illustrate the method of the present invention in order. First, at S100, 50% of the rated current of the motor is energized at a frequency of 30 Hz, and the voltage command 値V30_050 and the current detection 値130_050 are measured. Next, at S101, 5〇% of the motor rated current is energized at a frequency of 60 Hz, and the voltage command 値V60_05 0 and the current detection 値160_050 are measured. Next, in S102, the rated current of the motor is -15-200941016 100% at a frequency of 30 Hz, and the voltage command 値V30_100 and the current detection 値I30_100 are measured. Then, at S103, 100% of the rated current of the motor is energized at a frequency of 60 Hz, and the voltage command is measured.値V60_100 and current detection 値160_100 〇 Next, in S104, the data measured in S100 to S103 and the above equation (5) are used, and the impedances at fa (30 Hz) and fb (60 Hz) are respectively taken as Z30. Z60 to find. Z30= ( V30_100-V30_050 ) / ( 13 0_ 1 0 0 -13 0_0 5 0 ) Z60= ( V60_l 00-V60_050 ) / ( 16 0_ 1 0 0 -16 0_0 5 0 ) Next, at S105, use at S104 The calculated impedances Z30 and Z60 and the above equation (7) determine the leakage inductance L1. L1 = (Z60-Z30) / {2· π · (60-30) } Next, at S106, the leakage inductance L2 is obtained using the impedance Ζ60 calculated in S104 and the above equation (8). L2=Z60/ (2· η · 6 0) Next, in S107, the leakage inductance L of the induction motor is obtained using the LI, L2 and the above equation (9) calculated in S104 and S105, and is used as the leakage inductance. The measurement results. L - ( LI + L2 ) /2 Next, in S108, the impedance Z30 calculated in S104, the L calculated in S107, and the above equation (1〇) are used to obtain the primary impedance of the frequency fa (30 Hz). The sum Ra of R1 and the secondary impedance R2.
Ra =^30^-(2^-30^)2 200941016 接著,在Sl〇9,使用在S104所演算出的阻抗Z60、 在S107所演算出的L與上述式(11) ’求出頻率fb( 60Hz)之一次阻抗R1與二次阻抗R2的和Rb ° 孙=^/2602-咎.宂.60‘1)2 接著,在S110,使用在S108所演算出的Ra、在 S109所演算出的Rb與上述式(12) 、(13) ’求出頻率 f ( 20Hz)之一次阻抗R1與二次阻抗R2的和R,做爲感 ® 應電動機之一次阻抗R1與二次阻抗R2的和R之測定結 果。 f = ( 30. 60) /( 30+60) = 20 R= Ra~ ——(30—20) 60- 30 如此,可以演算出感應電動機的漏電感L以及一次阻 抗R1與二次阻抗R2的和R ° 接著,於各項要素爲R1= 〇·999 ( Ω ) 、0.75 6 ( ❹ q ) 、L=9.14(mH)、額定頻率爲60Hz之感應電動機 ,示有適用上述方法的情況的數値例。 把在fa= 30Hz、fb= 60Hz之2點的資料當作例子來 說明之。 30Hz 之阻抗 Z30 係 2.464 (〇) ’ 6〇Hz 之阻抗 Z60 係3·880(Ω),由上述式(7)之漏電感L1’係成爲L1 =(3.880-2.464) / {2· π · (60-30) } = 0.00751 (Η) =7_51 (mH)。 把由60Hz之上述式(8)的阻抗Z60所求取的漏電感 -17- 200941016 做爲 L2,L2=3.880/(2· π ·60)二 0.01029 (Η)= 10.29 ( mH )。 L1係包含R1與R2的影響的份變小,L2係包含R1 與R2的影響的份成爲變大的値,以取兩者的平均的方式 來求得與真値大致一致之漏電感L的値(7.51+10.29) /2 =8.90 ( mH )。 把該L値代入到上述式(10) 、(11)所求出的R1 與R2的和,係成爲如下述般之30Hz的値爲1_8 05 ( Ω ) ^ 〇 、60Hz 的値爲 1.949 ( Ω)。Ra =^30^-(2^-30^)2 200941016 Next, in S1〇9, the impedance f60 calculated in S104, the L calculated in S107, and the above equation (11)' are used to find the frequency fb. The sum of the primary impedance R1 and the secondary impedance R2 (60 Hz) Rb ° Sun = ^/2602 - 咎. ' 60'1) 2 Next, in S110, the calculated Rad in S108 is used, and the calculation is performed in S109. Rb and the above equations (12) and (13) 'determine the sum R of the primary impedance R1 and the secondary impedance R2 of the frequency f (20 Hz) as the sum of the primary impedance R1 and the secondary impedance R2 of the motor. The measurement result of R. f = ( 30. 60) /( 30+60) = 20 R= Ra~ ——(30—20) 60- 30 In this way, the leakage inductance L of the induction motor and the primary impedance R1 and the secondary impedance R2 can be calculated. And R ° Next, for the induction motor in which the respective elements are R1 = 〇 · 999 ( Ω ), 0.75 6 ( ❹ q ), L = 9.14 (mH), and the rated frequency is 60 Hz, the number of cases in which the above method is applied is shown. For example. The data at 2 points of fa=30Hz and fb=60Hz is explained as an example. 30Hz impedance Z30 is 2.464 (〇) '6 Hz impedance Z60 is 3.880 (Ω), and the leakage inductance L1' of the above formula (7) is L1 = (3.880-2.464) / {2· π · (60-30) } = 0.00751 (Η) = 7_51 (mH). The leakage inductance -17-200941016 obtained from the impedance Z60 of the above equation (8) at 60 Hz is taken as L2, L2 = 3.880 / (2 · π · 60) and 0.010.01 (Η) = 10.29 (mH ). In the case of L1, the fraction of the influence of R1 and R2 is small, and the fraction of the influence of R1 and R2 is increased by L2, and the leakage inductance L which substantially coincides with the true enthalpy is obtained by averaging the two.値(7.51+10.29) /2 =8.90 ( mH ). Substituting the L 値 into the sum of R1 and R2 obtained by the above equations (10) and (11) is as follows: 30 Hz is 1_8 05 ( Ω ) ^ 〇, and 60 Hz is 1.949 (Ω) ).
Ra = ^2Μ4ζ -(2* π *30^0.00890^ =1.805(Ω)Ra = ^2Μ4ζ -(2* π *30^0.00890^ =1.805(Ω)
Rb = mf-(2^ π -60^0.00890^ = 1 ·949(Ω) 接著,使用上述式(12) 、 (13) ’以內插近似於 20Hz的方式來求取R=1.757( Ω )。又’ 一次阻抗與二 次阻抗的和的真値,係〇.998+0.756=1.754 (0)’與上 述計算値大致一致。 如此,不使用電壓與電流的相位差僅由阻抗來測定漏 〇 電感以及一次阻抗與二次阻抗的和的緣故’可以減輕求取 相位差的處理,同時不受到相位差的檢測誤差的影響’可 以更精確求出漏電感以及一次阻抗與二次阻抗的和。 藉由感應電動機的構造,例如因爲集膚效應的影響’ 頻率愈高而求出愈大阻抗的情況下’把進行內插近似之際 的頻率形成爲接近於測定條件的頻率、或是在內插近似的 上述式(13)的斜率部分乘上對應於感應電動機的構造的 係數等等,都是可以適用本發明的。 -18 - 200941016 〔產業上的可利用性〕 可以適用於驅動感應電動機之全部的產業用機械的控 制裝置。 【圖式簡單說明】 〔圖1〕表示本發明之第1實施例之感應電動機控制 〇 裝置之方塊圖。 〔圖2〕本發明的重要部分之電動機常數演算器1的 構成圖。 〔圖3〕感應電動機之T-1型等效電路。 〔圖4〕一次阻抗與二次阻抗的和以及漏電感測定時 的感應電動機之等效電路。 〔圖5〕表示本發明之第2實施例之測定程序之流程 圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :電動機常數演算器 2 :向量演算器 3 :電力變換器 4 :感應電動機 5、6 :電流檢測器 11 :座標變換部 1 2 :電流振幅演算部 -19- 200941016 1 3 :電流平均値演算部 1 4 :電壓指令演算部 1 5 :電壓平均値演算部 1 6 :阻抗演算部 17 :常數演算部 -20-Rb = mf - (2^ π - 60^0.00890^ = 1 · 949 (Ω) Next, R = 1.757 (Ω) is obtained by interpolating approximately 20 Hz using the above equations (12) and (13)'. Also, the true sum of the primary impedance and the secondary impedance, the system 〇.998+0.756=1.754 (0)' is roughly the same as the above calculation 。. Thus, the phase difference between voltage and current is not used to measure the leakage only by the impedance. The inductance and the sum of the primary impedance and the secondary impedance can reduce the process of obtaining the phase difference without being affected by the detection error of the phase difference, and the leakage inductance and the sum of the primary impedance and the secondary impedance can be more accurately determined. In the case of the structure of the induction motor, for example, the higher the frequency is, the larger the impedance is, the higher the frequency is, and the frequency at which the interpolation is approximated is formed to be close to the frequency of the measurement condition, or The slope portion of the above formula (13) is multiplied by the coefficient corresponding to the configuration of the induction motor, etc., and the present invention can be applied. -18 - 200941016 [Industrial Applicability] It can be applied to driving an induction motor. All of the production A mechanical control device is used. [Fig. 1] A block diagram showing an induction motor control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 2] A motor constant calculator 1 of an important part of the present invention Fig. 3 is a T-1 type equivalent circuit of an induction motor. [Fig. 4] The sum of primary impedance and secondary impedance and the equivalent circuit of the induction motor when measuring leakage inductance. [Fig. 5] shows the present invention. Flowchart of the measurement procedure of the second embodiment. [Description of main component symbols] 1: Motor constant calculator 2: Vector calculator 3: Power converter 4: Induction motor 5, 6: Current detector 11: coordinate conversion unit 1 2 : Current amplitude calculation unit -19- 200941016 1 3 : Current average 値 calculation unit 1 4 : Voltage command calculation unit 1 5 : Voltage average 値 calculation unit 1 6 : Impedance calculation unit 17 : Constant calculation unit -20-
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| TWI410655B (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2013-10-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Inductance measuring device and measuring method for synchronous motor |
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| US9037447B2 (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2015-05-19 | Covidien Lp | Systems and methods for phase predictive impedance loss model calibration and compensation |
| US9480523B2 (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2016-11-01 | Covidien Lp | Systems and methods for phase predictive impedance loss model calibration and compensation |
| CN107148739B (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2019-04-16 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Power conversion device and vehicle drive system using the same |
| JP7726132B2 (en) * | 2022-06-03 | 2025-08-20 | 株式会社明電舎 | Method for estimating circuit constants in induction motors |
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| JP3052315B2 (en) * | 1989-09-26 | 2000-06-12 | 株式会社明電舎 | Induction motor constant measurement method |
| JP4816838B2 (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2011-11-16 | 株式会社安川電機 | Vector control device for induction motor |
| JP3959617B2 (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2007-08-15 | 株式会社安川電機 | AC motor constant measuring method and control device |
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2008
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| TWI410655B (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2013-10-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Inductance measuring device and measuring method for synchronous motor |
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