TW200919817A - Reformer and indirect internal reforming high-temperature fuel cell - Google Patents
Reformer and indirect internal reforming high-temperature fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW200919817A TW200919817A TW097118108A TW97118108A TW200919817A TW 200919817 A TW200919817 A TW 200919817A TW 097118108 A TW097118108 A TW 097118108A TW 97118108 A TW97118108 A TW 97118108A TW 200919817 A TW200919817 A TW 200919817A
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- recombination
- catalyst layer
- recombiner
- fuel cell
- reaction vessel
- Prior art date
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 claims description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008521 reorganization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920000433 Lyocell Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 oxygen ion Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003168 reconstitution method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
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- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
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- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/384—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts the catalyst being continuously externally heated
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- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1005—Arrangement or shape of catalyst
- C01B2203/1011—Packed bed of catalytic structures, e.g. particles, packing elements
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- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Description
200919817 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種重組煤油等碳氳化合物燃料以製造出含氫 氣體的重組器,以及使用從該重組器獲得之含氫氣體來進行發電 的間接内部重組式高溫型燃料電池。 【先前技術】
通常,吾人係將在重組器中重組煤油或都市媒氣等碳氫化合 物燃料所產生的含氫氣體(重組氣體)供應給固態氧化物燃料電 池(Solid Oxide Fuel CeU,以下簡稱為 SOFC)。在 SOFC 中,讓 該重組氣體声空氣產生化學放電反應以進行發電。S0FC通常係在 550°C〜1000°C左右的高溫下動作。 重組’可利用水蒸氣重組、部分氧化重組等各種反應,惟因 為,獲得之重組氣體中的氫濃度很高,故大多使用水蒸氣重組。 水蒸氣重組是一種大量吸熱的反應,又反應溫度在55〇它〜75〇它 左右,比較高,故需要高溫熱源。因此,吾人遂開發出間接内部 重組型S0FC,其在SOFC P付近(可接受到S0FC之熱輻射的位置 上)設置重組器,利用S0FC的輻射熱對重組器加埶。特別是羽 接㈣重_,°’其讓含有可燃成分的陽i 排出軋體(從SOFC陽極排出的氣體)在間接内部重纽型s〇fc 容器(模組容器)内燃燒,將該燃燒熱當作熱源對重組器加熱(專 習知重組觸媒有粒狀(專利文獻2)、蜂巢構 =)等各種構造,其中粒狀觸媒成本比較低廉, [專利文獻1]日本特開2004—319420號公報 [專利文獻2]日本特開平5 —129026號公報 [專利文獻3]日本特開2004 — 269332號公報 [專利文獻4]曰本特開2006_327904號公翻 【發明内容】 [發明所欲解決的問題] 4 200919817 然而 _之輕^率报低,在接受 加觸媒量,亦即使增大重組器的丁重冰且^,果有時必須增 示的,讓重組氣體流動折返以防^ : 專,獻2所揭 組器熱度平均而使氣體流動折返時為了讓重 因氣體用的吹送器等輔助設借所需要=力; 本發明之目的在於提供一種重 設備=動力增加或大型化,使觸媒層的溫度分布止辅助 料電池,其具備上述重組器,可=制内組式而溫型燃 [解決問題之技術手段] 抑制成本增加,並讓構造更精簡。 物ι·#ϋ日f提供—種重組器,其利用水蒸氣重組反應從碳氫化人 =料製造出含魏體,該重邮賤反應容器,該反應== ;2重=,’該重組觸媒層充填了具有水蒸氣重組能的粒狀 重、,m赠徵為:具有分祕,將該重_媒層區隔成 匕一個σΡ分’該分隔板的熱傳導率比該觸媒層的有效熱傳^ g的板在額定運轉時從該反應容器較高溫的部分向較 並具備可從該反應容器外對該反應容器加熱的熱源。 又,亦可具備從該反應容器内對該觸媒層加熱的熱源。 ,發明提供一種間接内部重組式高溫型燃料電池,其具備利 用水蒸氣重組反應從碳氫化合物燃料製造出含氫氣體的重纟且器, ^具備用該含氫氣體發電的高溫型燃料電池,該重組器具備&應 容器,該反應容器内具有重組觸媒層,該重組觸媒層充填了具^ 水蒸氟重組能的粒狀觸媒,該重組器配置在可以接收從該高溫型 燃料電池傳導出來之熱輻射的位置上,該重組器具有分隔板,可 200919817 ?分隔板的熱傳導率比該 器較高溫的部分itii的同部板在額定運轉時從該反應容 [對照先前技術之功效] 防止種重組器,其使用成本比較低的粒狀觸媒,可 備所且可防止^ 了避免壓力損失變大而讓輔助設 ^所_力增加或讓體積大型化的情況,使_層溫度分布更平 明提供—翻接㈣重組式高溫麵料電池,其具備上 述重、、且益,可防止成本增加,並使構造更精 【實施方式】 限於圖面對本發明實施職進行説明,惟本發明並非僅 ,1係本發明之間接内部重組式高溫型燃料電池的一個實施 接内部重_ S()FC __勤圖。刻表示重組 益中,乳體流通方向(重組氣體的流通方向)的垂直剖面。圖中, 重、'且氣,:垂直紙面的方向流動。該間接内部重組型S〇Fc,具備 ^用水蒸氣重組反應從碳氫化合魏料製造出含氫氣體(重組 體}的重产器1 ’以及利用該含氫氣體進行發電白勺s〇FC6。亦即、, 自重組器1所獲得的含氫氣體(重組氣體)被供應到s〇FC6 極,空氣等含氧氣體被供應到陰極,在s〇FC内氫與氧產生化風 放電反應而產生電力。 ” 干
又該間接内部重組型SOTC,具備收容重㈣以及s〇FC 體7 (以下稱為模組容器)’其可將重組器與s〇FC模組化。 ^組器1,具備反應容器(以下亦稱重組容器)2,以及在反 應谷為2内充填了粒狀觸媒的重組觸媒層5。重組觸媒具有水蒸氣 重組能量。 "'w' 重組器1配置在接受得到S0FC6的熱輻射的位置上。 在此重組器形成長方體狀。又,S0FC也是長方體狀。 重組器配置在SOFC的上方。至少在額定運轉時,利用s〇Fc 200919817 的輻射熱對重組容器的底面加熱。 厂矣& ==極排出的氣體)燃燒時’也利用該燃燒熱; 接著该重組器,具有將重組觸 _ ^ ^ =該分隔板3在額定運轉時從重組容器的高 分延伸。以下繼分隔板為第一分隔板。 心低μ部 把ί直方向設置了2片平⑺板狀的分隔板3。亦即,分f 中,在水平方向上’設置了1片跟第—分隔板不同的平 :=Γ刀隔板4。分隔板4是想要讓横方向也能平均受熱時= 的構件。以下_亥分隔板為第二分隔板。 亏汁便用 藉由分隔板3與分隔板4在垂直重組氣體進行方向 重組觸媒層區隔出共計六個區塊。 上將 [分隔板] 古第J·分隔板的熱傳導率設成比重組觸媒層的有效熱傳導率更 二。有设置第二分糾瞒也是,將其熱傳導率設成比重 的有效熱傳導率更高。 +曰 觸媒層的有效熱料率,是當把_層看成平均紐時 面熱傳導率,可利用適當的方法測量或是計算。 分隔板的材質,可使用對使用環境具有耐性,且熱傳導率比 觸媒層的有效熱傳導率更高的適當材質,例如不銹鋼等。從防止 因為線膨脹係數不同而造成變形或破壞的觀點來看,而且考量到 ^觸部或是接合部可能會因為化學反應而產生脆化,分隔板的材 質跟反應容器相同比較好。例如,重組器的反應容器由金屬板所 構成,金屬板的熱傳導率比觸媒層的有效熱傳導率更高時,第一 以及第二分隔板的材質宜採用跟重組容器材質相同的金屬為佳。 分隔板的形狀,並不限於平板而已,亦可使用彎曲板等適當 200919817 的形狀。 在圖1中,係以等間隔方式配置2片第— 層的水平方向被分成3 #分。惟並非僅限於此H3 ’重組觸媒 從額定運轉時相對高溫的重組容器部分向相對低严=分隔,巧可 分延伸。該等分隔板,係從離熱源距離近的匕:重組容器部 圖2、圖3以及圖4分別表示重組器白二=您的部分延伸。 1所示的重組器。該等圖示亦為示意剖面圖,表示來〒換圖 體流通方向的剖面。在圖2中,第-分隔板3越靠 .平方向上)配置得越密集,越遠離中央配置得越4中J ? 一分隔板3從重組容器底面中央部為起點i外ί置ί 向外配置成曲面放射狀。吾人可因應與熱為, 因素,當選擇使用圖2、圖3或是圖4的實施形態。關係等的 第一分隔板應以不會阻礙重組器中氣體流^通^的方 ’可以使用沿著重組器中氣體流通方u 的流通方向)延伸的第-分_。第二分隔板也是—樣皇、、乱體 口口在圖1所示的形態中,S0FC6從反應容器2的外侧 益2加熱。惟並非僅限於此,即使重組器具備燃料電池以= 他熱源,並利用該熱源從外部加熱反應容器,第_ ,的功效也是-樣的。舉例而言,例如,重組器具二|:= "燃燒器等燃燒機構,並利用燃燒機構從外侧加熱重組容^二、 例如’重組器在反應容益外侧設置有電能加熱器等加熱機= 用加熱機構從外侧加熱重組容器,這樣也是可以的。… 又,重組器亦可在反應容器内設置可對觸媒層加熱的埶源。 圖5表示間接内部重組式高溫型燃料電池,其中,重組器'1、在 應容器2内側設置電能加熱器8等的加熱機構,並利用°加 從内部加熱觸媒層。此時第—分隔板所發揮的功效也是同樣'的。 本發明之重組器具備分隔板,其熱傳導率比金屬等觸媒層的 有效,傳導率更高。接著,該分隔板,從反應容^在歡運^時 比較高溫的部分向比較低溫的部分延伸。因此,高溫型燃料電池 200919817 使觸媒層溫度維持在平 [碳氫化合物燃料] (亦=:ίίίί燃Ϊ電池技術領域中,從分子中含有碳與氫 習知混合物中選擇適合的 J、,、天絲,LPG (液化石油氣)、都‘ t ^石丙 醚等的_。 〗化口物从科,或甲醇、乙醇等醇類,二甲 以想ΐίϊ油或LPG因為容易取得故為比較好的選擇。又因為可 故對都市媒氣管線尚未普及的地區是U i 尤ί高溫型燃料電池’可用來當作緊急用電源。 ”就處理使用谷易而言,煤油是比較好的選擇。 [高溫型燃料電池] ^擇 的門ΐΐΐΐ適用於湘高溫型燃料電池的熱輻射難組器加敎 重組型燃料電池。該等高溫型燃料電池,除了·C 爻外,逛有熔融碳酸鹽型燃料電池(MCFC)。 田、人可從平板型或圓筒型等各種形狀的習知s〇fc中選擇採 柄的辦C。S〇FC的形狀可採用適當的形狀,例如由平 堆疊而成的長方體(包含立方體)狀的堆疊電池組、 ^體狀的SOFC堆疊電池組、將管狀的單體s〇FC滅一整 ===形S0FC等。S0FC ’ —般而言,係利用氧離子導電性 陶瓷或疋質子離子導電性陶瓷當作電解質。 MCFC亦可從習知的MCFC中選擇適當者採用之。 SOFC或MCFC可以是單體電池,在實際運用上也可以將複 ^個單體電池排列成堆疊電池組或是捆成—整束來使用。此時, 隹叠電池組或是-整束的電池組只有—個或是有複數個都可以。 [重組器] 重組1§,在反應容器内具備重組觸媒層,其充填了具有水蒸 200919817 氣,組能的粒狀觸媒。除了具有水蒸氣重組 ft尚可適當選擇同時具有部分氧化重組能 自發熱重組觸媒。 k 且一 有(可因應需要預先汽化)以及水蒸氣, 器(重組觸媒層)。又,重組氣體係 SOFC在重Λ式高溫型燃料電池之中’間接内部重組型 ^ &焉熱效率的優點。間接内部重組型SOFC具備: f,且裔’其姻水蒸氣倾反應從碳氫化合物_製造出包含氫 ΓΞΐϊ氣Γ上及S0FC。該重組器可進行水蒸氣重組反應, 錢重組反應過程中伴隨著部分氧化反應的自 = ,、,、式重組法。若從SOFC的發電效率的觀點來看不要起部分氧 ^應比較好。在自發熱式重組法巾,水蒸氣重_支配性反應, 重組反應總體而言屬於吸熱反應。因此,從s〇FC供給重組反 ,所而要的熱。並將重組器與S〇FC收納在—個模組容器内使复 =組化。$組器設置在接收得到s〇FC所發散之熱輻射的位置上: 讀的話,便可利用發電時s〇FC的熱韓射職組器加熱。又, 將SOFC排出的陽極排^氣體在單體電池$ 口燃燒,亦可加埶 SOFC。 ’、、 在間接内部重組型S0FC中,重組器宜設置在從s〇FC能直接
傳導輻射熱到重組器外表面的位置上比較好。因此重組器與s〇FC 之間不要配置實質性遮蔽物,亦即重組器與s〇FC之間保留空隙 比較好。又,重組器與S0FC之間的距離儘量縮短比較好。’、 各供給氣體若有必要可先適當預熱後在供應給重組器或是 SOFC ° ^吾人可用能收納SOFC與重組器的適當容器當作模組容器。 ^材料可用例如不銹鋼等對使用環境具有耐性的適當材料。在容 器上,為了氣體交換等目的,可設置適當的連接口。 特別宜將單體電池出口設置在模組容器内,使模組容器内部 10 200919817 未與外界(大氣)連通,此時模組容器具有氣密性D [重組觸媒] 重組器使用的水蒸氣重組觸媒、自發熱重組觸媒可分別使用 習知觸媒。水蒸氣重組觸媒可使用例如釕系以及鎳系觸媒,自發 熱重組觸媒例如可使用铑系觸媒。 、本啦明使用粒狀觸媒。粒狀觸媒,例如,可使用於打鍵成形 並粉碎後形成適當整粒的觸媒、壓製成形的觸媒、適當加入黏結 劑而壓製成形的觸媒、粉末狀觸媒等。或者,可以使用在各種載 體上載持金屬的觸媒,該载體例如於打錠成形並粉碎後形成適當 整粒的載體、壓製成形_體、製成粉末或是球形、環狀、鍵狀、 圓筒狀、片狀等適當形狀的載體等。 以下,分別對水蒸氣重組、自發熱重組、部分氧化重組,就 重組器之額定運轉條件説明之。 ,水蒸氣重組中,可在煤油等碳氫化合物燃料内添加蒸氣。 水π氣重組的反應溫度可在例如4〇(rc〜1〇〇〇。 8署5〇°C,最好在5贼〜_。。的範圍内為佳。導入反應ί統的ί氣 Ϊ比所含料顧子莫耳數跟水好莫《 #•杯曰)決定之,該數値宜為1〜10,更宜為1.5〜7, J ^ A $厌氫化合物燃料為液體的情況下,若碳氫化合物;m 二時,的流速為A (L/h) ’觸媒層體積為b α)時’:、 Ϊ h更=^可用^表示之,細直宜設定如〇5 在自以:5:最:尸㈣^ 其他含氧氣體。含氧氣可化ΐ?燃料内添加 U是便能平衡伴隨水蒸氣應的吸ϊίΞ谷2宜g 發熱量。含氧氣體的添力m吏其昇溫的 為〇施〜! bf (y碳比)決定之,該數值宜 反應的反應溫度應設定在丫 .5二取好疋0.02〜0.6。自發熱重組 〜疋在例如400C〜100(TC,宜設定在45〇〇c〜 200919817 t5!?:最好是設定在50(rc〜800°c的範圍内。碳氫化合物燃料為 ^體日^· ’此時空間速度(LHSV)宜在0 〇5〜2〇,更宜在〇卜⑺, 二Μ〜5範圍内。導人反應系統的蒸氣量,其蒸氣/碳的 比值且為1〜10,更宜為15〜7,最好是2〜5。 [其他構件] 明之間接内部重組式高溫型燃料電池内,可111應需要適 溫型燃料電池系統的習知構成元件。該等構成元件 Ϊ,汽碳氫化Ϊ物燃料内所含有之硫黄成分的脱硫 風機等的ίϊ機;i;來=力:jif泉體的幫浦,壓縮機、鼓 :行埶流量調節機構或流動路徑阻擋/切換機構,、用來 = 化合物燃料或可燃物的ί 【産業上利用性】 :於例如』;;==:=溫:::生可利 上。 a疋,飞電共生系統 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係不意側剖面圖,用來說明本發 溫型燃料電池的一個實施例。 之間接内部重組式高 例 圖2係示意_關,时酬本發明之紐糾—個實施 圖3係示意側剖面圖 〇 圖4係示意側剖面圖 ’用來綱本㈣之麵郎另一個實 ,用來說明本购之重組H的另一個實 施例 施例 圖5係不意側剖面圖,用來說明本發明 溫型燃料電池的另一個實施例。 Θ之間接内部重組式高 12 200919817 【主要元件符號說明】 1重組器 2重組容器 3第一分隔板 4第二分隔板 5重組觸媒層 6 SOFC 7模組容器 - 8電氣加熱器
Claims (1)
- 200919817 七、 申請專利範圍: • 一種重組器,利用水蒸氣重組反應從碳氫化合物燃料製造 出含氫氣體,該重組器具有反應容器、及設於該反應容器内而充 填了具有水蒸氣重組能的粒狀觸媒之重組觸媒層,該重組器 徵為: 具有將該重組觸媒層區隔成至少二個部分的分隔板, 該分隔板的熱傳導率比該觸媒層的有效熱傳導率更高, 該分隔板由該反應容器之額定運轉時較高溫的部分向較低溫 . 的部分延伸。 。2、如申請專利範圍第丨項之重組器,其中,更具備從該反應 ( 谷器外對該反應容器加熱的熱源。 、如申請專利範圍第1項之重組器,其中,更具備從該反應 谷器内對該觸媒層加熱的熱源。 4、一種間接内部重組式高溫型燃料電池,具備:利用水蒸氣 重組,應從碳氫化合物燃料製造出含氫氣體的重組器,以及藉由 該含氳氣體發電的高溫型燃料電池; *,重組器具有反應容器、及設於該反應容器内而充填了具有 水蒸氣重組能的粒狀觸媒之重組觸媒層; 该重組器設置在可以接收來自該高溫型燃料電池之埶輻射的 位置上; I 其特徵為: 該重組器具備可將該重組觸媒層區隔成至少二個部分的分隔 板, ,分隔板的熱傳導率比該觸媒層的有效熱傳導率更高, 忒分隔板由該反應容器之額定運轉時較高溫的部分向較低溫 的部分延伸。 八、 圖式: 14
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| JP6550813B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-18 | 2019-07-31 | 富士電機株式会社 | 燃料電池モジュール |
| JP6495767B2 (ja) * | 2015-07-03 | 2019-04-03 | 日立造船株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
| WO2018080571A1 (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2018-05-03 | Precison Combustion, Inc. | Solid oxide electrolysis with internal heater |
| JP7240870B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-20 | 2023-03-16 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 燃焼バーナ収容装置及びダミーポート閉塞方法 |
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| WO2008140116A1 (ja) | 2008-11-20 |
| EP2157048A4 (en) | 2012-11-07 |
| KR101422316B1 (ko) | 2014-07-22 |
| KR20100024934A (ko) | 2010-03-08 |
| US8338041B2 (en) | 2012-12-25 |
| EP2157048B1 (en) | 2014-01-08 |
| JP2008285355A (ja) | 2008-11-27 |
| JP5095264B2 (ja) | 2012-12-12 |
| EP2157048A1 (en) | 2010-02-24 |
| CN101679029B (zh) | 2013-06-12 |
| CA2687231A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
| US20100227235A1 (en) | 2010-09-09 |
| TWI416790B (zh) | 2013-11-21 |
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