200917106 •九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於-種觸控面板、一種該觸控面板之驅動 方法及一種應用该觸控面板之觸控顯示裝置。 【先前技術】 〜於顯示器上設置一觸控面板，構成一觸控顯示裝置， 使得用戶可以用手或者其他物體接觸該觸控面板 =輸入訊息，這樣可以減少或者消除用戶對其他輸： 例如，鍵盤、滑鼠、遙控器等)之依賴，方便用戶之 _土凊參_ 1，其係—種先前技術觸控顯示裝置之 該觸控顯示裝h包括一具有一顯示面16〇:: 面板顯示Φ 160之觸控面板1〇。該觸控 扳稭由框膠㈣合於該顯示器16之顯示面_。 該觸控面板10包括相對設置之一第一基板 —基板12。該第一基板1;1砉 乐 該第—其妃π t 表面5又置一弟一透明導電層13, =一基板U表面設置—第二透明導電層u，該 卜電層13與該第二透明導電戶 二 板11盥兮繁—其此10 “迅層4相對设置。該第—基 該-透日一土板猎由邊緣之黏合層15黏合於一起。 1明導電層13、14之間間隔設置複數間隙子17。 透明ΐ電：參14閱圖2,其係該第一透明導電層13及該第二 係，包括：互番ί千面結構示意圖。引入苗卡兒平面座標 二侧沿γ軸方： '之Χ軸及Υ軸。該第-透明導電層13 軸方向分別設置-電極Ε1、Ε2,複數電阻線（未 200917106 •標示）沿x轴方向電連接於該二電極ei、e ， XI、X2分別從該電極E1、E2引出 :-導線 14兩側f X鈾古a ~弟一透明導電層 14兩側/σ X軸方向分別設置—電極e3、e4,複 二 標示）沿Y軸方向電連接該_帝 、，、（未 V1 x 安忑—甩極E3、E4之間，-莫始BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a touch panel, a driving method of the touch panel, and a touch display device using the touch panel. [Prior Art] A touch panel is disposed on the display to form a touch display device, so that the user can touch the touch panel with a hand or other object = input message, which can reduce or eliminate the user's other input: for example, Dependent on the keyboard, mouse, remote control, etc., is convenient for the user. The touch display device of the prior art touch display device includes a display surface 16〇:: panel The touch panel 1 of Φ 160 is displayed. The touch panel is assembled by the frame glue (4) on the display surface of the display 16. The touch panel 10 includes a first substrate, a substrate 12, disposed opposite to each other. The first substrate 1; 1 砉 该 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The second transparent conductive household board has 11 layers - the 10th layer of the "fast layer 4" is oppositely disposed. The first base layer is permeable to the earth and the board is bonded by the adhesive layer 15 of the edge. 1 conductive layer 13, 14 A plurality of spacers 17 are disposed at intervals. Transparent galvanic: Refer to FIG. 2, which is the first transparent conductive layer 13 and the second system, including: a schematic diagram of the mutual structure of the ridges. The two sides are along the γ axis: 'the Χ axis and the Υ axis. The first transparent conductive layer 13 is axially disposed with the electrodes Ε1 and Ε2, and the plurality of resistance wires (not 200917106 • labeled) are electrically connected to the two along the x-axis direction. The electrodes ei, e, XI, and X2 are respectively taken out from the electrodes E1 and E2: - both sides of the wire 14 f X uranium a ~ a transparent conductive layer 14 on both sides / σ X-axis direction respectively set - electrodes e3, e4, complex 2)) electrically connected to the _ emperor, 、, (not V1 x ampere-bungee E3, E4, - MU
Yl、Y2分別從該電極E3、E4引出。 -導線 當利用手指或觸筆於該觸控 力時，該第一其故n 囬极川表面轭加一定壓 土 向該弟二基板發生彎曲並使哕第、类 明導電層U與該第二透明導 二亥弟-透 (如圖1所示）。於一第一日士門肉\相接觸產生—接觸點 導線於該4=，:C藉由該 導電層13之電阻線上產生藉= 弟一透明導電層14探測該接觸 與第一读昍道1 ^按啁·，"占之电壓值，亚將該電壓值 可得射S 3兩端之電麼相比較’根據分墨原理即 X 該電阻線上之相對位置，即該接觸點之 第二時間内，外部電路藉由該導線丫卜 於該％極Ε3、Ε4之間施加—古雪颅 理可得射技,…ν 電壓’根據上述相同原 位置 軸座標，從而判定該接觸點之具體 惟，該觸控面板i之訊號導線χι、χ2 線，因此與之配合之外部雷踗万甘从、 馬 妗gr . P包路及其他分析裝置亦需對應四 ，·泉，騃動及解碼方法較為複雜，成本較高。 【發明内容】 之雜Γ監於此，有必要提供一種結構及驅動簡單且低成本 之觸控面板。 200917106 還有必要提供一種該觸控面板之驅動方法。 亦有必要提供一種應用該觸控面板之觸控顯示裝置。 一種觸控面板，其包括相對設置之一第一導電層及一 第二導電層。該第一導電層相對二側邊沿第一方向設置一 第一電極及一第二電極，該第二導電層相對二侧邊沿垂直 於該第一方向之第二方向設置一第三電極及一第四電極。 該第一電極電連接於一第一電極線，該第二電極反向串聯 一二極體後電連接於一第二電極線，該第三電極正向串聯 一第二二極體後電連接於該第二電極線，該第四電極電連 接於一第三電極線。 一種觸控面板之驅動方法，該觸控面板包括相對設置 之一第一導電層及一第二導電層。該第一導電層相對二側 邊沿第一方向設置一第一電極及一第二電極，該第二導電 層相對二侧邊沿垂直於該第一方向之第二方向設置一第三 電極及一第四電極。該第一電極電連接於一第一電極線， 該第二電極反向串聯一二極體後電連接於一第二電極線， 該第三電極正向串聯一第二二極體後電連接於該第二電極 線，該第四電極電連接於一第三電極線。該驅動方法包括 以下步驟：當該第一導電層與該第二導電層產生一接觸點 時’於一弟一時間段内，該弟二電極線接受·-- 1¾電壓’該 第一電極線接受一低電壓，該第三電極線探測該接觸點之 電壓，藉由分析該探測電壓與該第二電極線之高電壓之比 值，判斷該接觸點於該第一方向之座標。於一第二時間段 内，該第三電極線接受一高電壓，該第二電極線接受一低 9 200917106 ，藉由分析該探 判斷該接觸點於 電壓’該第—電極線探測該接觸點之電壓 測包壓與該第三電極線之高電壓之比值， 該第一方向上之座標。 禋觸控顯示裝置 及一抓署於兮月 …—，、 网不曲的顯示器 置之ϋΐ 之觸控面板。該觸控面板包括相對設 、苐一¥電層及一第二導電層。該第一導電，相 侧邊沿第一方向設置-第-電極及-第二電極，‘第一： 電層相對二侧邊沿垂直於該第-方向之第二方向設置：： 二電極及一第四電極。該第一電極電連接於—第一㊉ 線，該第二電極反向串聯一二極體後電連接於—^ 線，兮诗· — + i 弟—電極 線5亥弟二電極正向串聯一第二二極體後電連接於該 電極線，該第四電極電連接於一第三電極線。 / 一 純於先前技術，本發明_面板具有作為開關元件 電：二極體’該二極體分別控制該第-導 線；屋訊號’並且只需藉由三根電極 構，成該觸控面板訊號之輸入及輸出’其電路配置結 ㈣藉由三種訊號即可完成職，其驅動方法亦 传到間化，降低成本並提高可靠性。 —相較於先前技術，本發明觸控面板之驅動方法，藉由 二種訊號以驅動該觸控面板，具有簡單可靠之優點。曰 相較於先前技術，本發明觸控顯示裝置採用上述之觸 其觸控面板具有結構簡單’驅動簡單，低成本及 2罪性之優點，同時產品厚度得到有效控， 缚型化發展。 200917106 【實施方式] 請參閱3，其係本發明觸一 之結構示意圖。該觸控顯示裝置2勺，'裝置弟—貫施方式 之顯示器26及一設置於該噸匕一具有—顯示面260 顯示器26係一液晶顯示器V該；二T觸控面板2〇。該 黏合於該顯示器26之顯示面26〇。工反20稭由框膠28 該觸控面板20包括相對設置之一第— — 二基板22。該第一基板21 —护土 及—第 第二基板22由剛性透明材料由^生透明材料製成’該 基㈣設置一第一透明導電該第- 第二透明導電層24’該第—透明導電：板:设置- 導電層24相對設置，並_由邊 曰弟一透明 兮筮、未 由邊緣之黏合層25黏合於一叔。 該弟一透明導電層23與該第二 、起 置複數間隙子27，該複數 導電層24之間間隔設 ^ 間隙子27具絕緣及支撐作用， 以使该第—透明導電層23 豕叉存作用 狀態下為電絕緣狀態。 以―透明導電層24於初始 請—併參閱圖4,其係該第— 透明導電層24$承边明V電層23及該第二 ,, 千面結構示意圖。弓丨入笛卡兗庙俨伤. 括相互垂直之X軸及Υ軸。，Π治卡兒結係，包 -^ ^ ^,1 „ „ _ ^ 4 2: f ^ ^2 3 - ^ - 複數電卩且蟯4 μ ° 1及一第一電極232， 旻电阻線（未標示）沿X軸方向 極231、攻之間。該第二透明導H 、第二電 分別設置一第三带 弘㈢-4 一側/α X軸方向 - . L 241及一第四電極242，複數電阻 (未wmy財向電連接於該第三、苐四電極241電= 11 200917106 、之間。該第―、第二、第三、 號之衷減。該複數電阻線可以為平行直=少電訊 不相交之折線形，其由均勻高阻材料ί:';::以為互 分布並與該電阻線之長度成正比。該第二f愿均勾 導線出’該第二電極232反向串聯―；一上猎由-後藉由一導線L2引出， 第一極體233 二極體如後亦藉由該導：Lr引出第正向^ 由一導線L3引出。 出該第二電極241藉 Q 〇㈣觸控面才反2〇之驅動 線L1、L2、L3分別代表施加於 皮圖，曲 動電壓波形圖。外部分析 古' L2、L3之驅 W向該第—透:藉=心 = = 於該第-透明導電層 面板如表面施加-定厂堅力，控 使該第-透明導電層23與該第二透 /生弓曲亚 i:接觸點(如圖3所示)’該觸點座標之判斷方二 壓f内’外部分析電路向該導線L2施加—古+ 壓，向该導線L1施加低電壓。此時， 匕 心. 導通，該第二極體243截止，高該 施加於該第二電極232,並於該χ軸向之 12 200917106 .勻壓降。該第二透明導電層24之 ,測電極，探測該接觸點之電壓，並;省且線做為—探 外部分析電路。外部分析電路將 匕以夺線u輪出至 ，丄 窀路將該接觸點之電壓佶谕# =電阻線兩端之電虔相比較，根據分㈣理即ΐ:二x 於該x軸向電阻線上之相對位置，即該接觸點= 麗二:2::内’外部分析電路向該導線L3施加一 + 屋，向该導線L2施加低電壓。此 截止，該第二二極體243導通，^ 233 上產生均句壓降。該第-透明導電電阻線 輸出至外部分析電路。外部= 並通過該導線L1 與該γ軸向電阻線兩端之電壓觸點之電壓值 得到該接觸點於該γ抽向電 根據分壓原理即可 點之丫軸座標。 禮線上之相對位置，即該接觸 相較於先前技術，該觸控 如及-第二二極體243 :—2增加-第-二極體 明導電層23與該第二透明導為二關 三根導線L1、L2、L3即可完成= 之电壓訊號’只需由 及輸出，^凡成該觸控面板20訊號之輸入 方=亦輸，輸出線路，降低成本。同時其驅動 ^ 而—種汛5虎，驅動更加簡單、可土。 之7,其係本發明觸控顯示裝置ί二實施方式 <、、'口構不思圖。該觸控顯示裝 ^ ^ ^ 及設置於日匕栝一液晶顯示面板30 —面板3〇之觸控結構(未標示)。該液晶 13 200917106 顯示面板30包括相對設置之一第一透明基板3〇ι、— 透明基板302,以及-夾於該第一透明基板3Qi及 : 透明基板302之間之液晶層3()3。該觸控結構與該觸控: 不裝置2之觸控面板2〇之結構相似，其不同點在於：該緬 控結構广第二透明導電㉟34直接製作於該液晶顯示： 30之第一透明基板301遠離該液晶層303 —侧之表面。 該觸控顯示裝置3中，直接將觸控結構之第: 電層34製作於該液晶顯示面板3〇之第一透明基板抓、， 即’該觸控結構與該液晶顯示面板3〇共用該第一 3〇1’可以節省-觸控基板，降低生產成本。同時，由= 該觸控結構與該液晶顧示面板30製作於一體，方便組裝， 並且能夠降低該觸控顯示裝置3之整體厚‘ 薄型化發展。 令刊於產口口 本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，麦依法 挺出申π專利。惟，以上所述者僅係本發明之較佳實施方 式，本發明之範圍並不以上述實施方式爲限，舉凡孰染 士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或二 白應涵盍於以下申請專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係一種先前技術觸控顯示裝置之結構示意圖。 圖2係目丄所示第一透明導電層及第二透 結構示意圖。 包層〜千面 圖3係本發明觸控顯示裝置第一實施方式之側視圖。 圖4係圖3所示第一透明導電層及第二透明導電層平面結 14 200917106 構示意圖。 ^ 5係圖3所示觸控面板之工作等效電路圖。 圖6係圖3所示觸控面板驅 圖7係本發明觸控顯示裝置^ 之驅動電屢波形示意圖 厂主要元件符號說明】、弟二實施方式之結構示意圖。 觸控顯示裝置 觸控面板 第—基板 弟一基板 第一透明導電層 第一電極 第二電極 第一二極體 第—透明導電層 弟三電極 第四電極 2 > 3 20 21 22 23 231 232 233 24、 241 242 34 弟——才系 黏合層 顯示器 顯示面 間隙子 框膠 液晶顯 第一透明基板 第二透明基板 液晶層 不面板 243 25 26 260 27 28 30 301 302 303 15Yl and Y2 are taken out from the electrodes E3 and E4, respectively. - When the finger or the stylus is used for the touch force, the first n-returned surface yoke plus a certain compaction is bent to the second substrate, and the first and second conductive layers U and the first Two transparent guides two Haidi - through (as shown in Figure 1). In the first day of the Shihmen meat\ contact generation - the contact point wire is used in the 4=, :C to generate the borrowing and the transparent conductive layer 14 on the resistive line of the conductive layer 13 to detect the contact and the first read channel 1 ^ Press 啁 ·, " occupies the voltage value, the voltage value can be obtained by comparing the voltage across S 3 ' according to the principle of ink separation, that is, the relative position of the resistance line on the line, that is, the contact point In the second time, the external circuit is applied by the wire between the % poles Ε3 and Ε4, and the ancient snow can be used to obtain the shooting technique. The ν voltage is determined according to the same original position axis coordinate as described above, thereby determining the contact point. Specifically, the signal wires of the touch panel i are χι, χ2, so the external Thunder Wangan, Ma Rong, Gr. P and other analysis devices need to correspond to the four, spring, and The decoding method is more complicated and the cost is higher. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a touch panel which is simple in structure and low in driving. 200917106 It is also necessary to provide a driving method for the touch panel. It is also necessary to provide a touch display device using the touch panel. A touch panel includes a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer disposed opposite to each other. The first conductive layer is disposed with a first electrode and a second electrode in a first direction opposite to the two sides, and the second conductive layer is disposed with a third electrode and a second direction opposite to the first direction. The fourth electrode. The first electrode is electrically connected to a first electrode line, and the second electrode is connected in series with a diode and electrically connected to a second electrode line. The third electrode is connected in series with a second diode and electrically connected. The fourth electrode is electrically connected to a third electrode line. A driving method of a touch panel includes a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer disposed opposite to each other. The first conductive layer is disposed with a first electrode and a second electrode in a first direction opposite to the two sides, and the second conductive layer is disposed with a third electrode and a second direction opposite to the first direction. The fourth electrode. The first electrode is electrically connected to a first electrode line, and the second electrode is connected in series with a diode and electrically connected to a second electrode line. The third electrode is connected in series with a second diode and electrically connected. The fourth electrode is electrically connected to a third electrode line. The driving method includes the following steps: when the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer generate a contact point, the second electrode line receives the voltage of the first electrode line. Receiving a low voltage, the third electrode line detects the voltage of the contact point, and by analyzing a ratio of the detected voltage to a high voltage of the second electrode line, determining a coordinate of the contact point in the first direction. In a second period of time, the third electrode line receives a high voltage, and the second electrode line receives a low voltage 9 200917106, and the contact point is detected by the analysis of the voltage at the first electrode line to detect the contact point. The voltage is measured as a ratio of the voltage to the high voltage of the third electrode line, the coordinate in the first direction.禋 Touch display device and a touch panel that is installed on the display screen. The touch panel includes an opposite layer, a first layer, and a second layer. The first conductive, phase side edge is disposed in a first direction - the first electrode and the second electrode, 'first: the second layer of the electrical layer is disposed perpendicular to the second direction of the first direction:: two electrodes and one Four electrodes. The first electrode is electrically connected to the first tenth line, and the second electrode is connected in series with a diode and then electrically connected to the -^ line, and the second electrode is forwardly connected in series. A second diode is electrically connected to the electrode line, and the fourth electrode is electrically connected to a third electrode line. / Pure to the prior art, the present invention has a panel as a switching element: a diode "the diodes respectively control the first conductor; the housing signal" and only needs three electrodes to form the touch panel signal The input and output 'its circuit configuration (4) can be completed by three kinds of signals, and the driving method is also transmitted to the interval, reducing cost and improving reliability. - Compared with the prior art, the driving method of the touch panel of the present invention has the advantages of being simple and reliable by driving the touch panel by two kinds of signals. Compared with the prior art, the touch display device of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, simple driving, low cost and sinfulness, and the thickness of the product is effectively controlled and developed. [Embodiment] Please refer to Fig. 3, which is a schematic structural view of the present invention. The touch display device has 2 scoops, a display device 26 and a display device 26 disposed on the display panel 260. The display panel 26 is a liquid crystal display V; the second T touch panel 2 is. This is bonded to the display surface 26 of the display 26. The anti-20 straw is made of the frame glue 28. The touch panel 20 includes one of the first and second substrates 22. The first substrate 21 - the soil and the second substrate 22 are made of a rigid transparent material made of a transparent material. The base (four) is provided with a first transparent conductive conductive layer - the second transparent conductive layer 24'. Conductive: Plate: Settings - The conductive layer 24 is oppositely disposed, and is bonded to a non-unclear layer by the edge of the adhesive layer 25. The transparent conductive layer 23 and the second, the plurality of spacers 27 are disposed, and the spacers 27 are insulated and supported between the plurality of conductive layers 24, so that the first transparent conductive layer 23 is chopped In the active state, it is electrically insulated. The "transparent conductive layer 24" is initially used - and reference is made to Fig. 4, which is a schematic view of the first transparent conductive layer 24$ and the second, zero-sided structure. The bow breaks into the Cartesian temple and bruises. It includes the X-axis and the Υ axis perpendicular to each other. , 治治卡儿结系,包-^ ^ ^,1 „ „ _ ^ 4 2: f ^ ^2 3 - ^ - complex electric 卩 and 蛲 4 μ ° 1 and a first electrode 232, 旻 resistance wire ( Not shown) along the X-axis direction pole 231, between the attack. The second transparent guide H and the second electric respectively are provided with a third belt Hong (3)-4 side / α X axis direction - . L 241 and a fourth electrode 242, a plurality of resistors (not wmy financial connection is connected to the first Third, 苐 four electrodes 241 electric = 11 200917106, between the first, second, third, the number of the reduction. The complex resistance line can be parallel straight = less telecommunications disjointed line shape, which is evenly high Resistive material ί: ';:: thinks that they are mutually distributed and proportional to the length of the resistance wire. The second f is intended to hook out the wire 'the second electrode 232 is reversely connected in series'; The lead L2 is led out, and the first polar body 233 is also led out by the lead Lr by the lead L3. The second electrode 241 is reversed by the Q 〇 (4) touch surface. The driving lines L1, L2, and L3 respectively represent the waveforms of the bending voltage applied to the picogram. The external analysis of the ancient 'L2, L3' drive W to the first through: borrow = heart = = in the first transparent conductive layer panel The surface is applied - the firming force is controlled to control the first transparent conductive layer 23 and the second transparent/transformed sub-i: contact point (as shown in FIG. 3). In the pressure f, the external analysis circuit applies an ancient + voltage to the wire L2, and applies a low voltage to the wire L1. At this time, the core is turned on, the second electrode body 243 is turned off, and the second electrode 243 is applied to the second electrode 232. And in the axial direction of the 12 200917106. uniform pressure drop. The second transparent conductive layer 24, the measuring electrode, detecting the voltage of the contact point, and the line and the line as - external analysis circuit. External analysis circuit The 匕 匕 夺 夺 夺 u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u u 将该 将该 将该 将该 将该 将该 将该 将该 将该 将该 将该 将该 将该 将该 将该 将该 将该 = = = = = The relative position, that is, the contact point = Li 2: 2:: inside 'the external analysis circuit applies a + room to the wire L3, and applies a low voltage to the wire L2. At this cutoff, the second diode 243 is turned on, ^ 233 A uniform sentence voltage drop is generated. The first transparent conductive resistance wire is output to an external analysis circuit. External = and the contact point is obtained by the voltage value of the voltage contact between the wire L1 and the γ axial resistance wire. According to the principle of partial pressure, the direction of the electric axis can be used to point the axis coordinate. The relative position on the court line, that is, the connection Compared with the prior art, the touch and the second diode 243: - 2 are added - the second-diode conductive layer 23 and the second transparent guide are two off three wires L1, L2, L3 Complete = voltage signal 'only need to output and ^, ^ into the touch panel 20 signal input side = also lose, output lines, reduce costs. At the same time its drive ^ and - 汛 5 tiger, the drive is simpler, can 7. The touch display device of the present invention is the second embodiment of the present invention. The touch display device is mounted on the solar cell display panel 30 - panel 3触控 Touch structure (not shown). The liquid crystal layer 13 200917106 includes a first transparent substrate 3, a transparent substrate 302, and a liquid crystal layer 3 (3) sandwiched between the first transparent substrate 3Qi and the transparent substrate 302. The touch structure and the touch: the structure of the touch panel 2 without the device 2 is similar, and the difference is that the second transparent conductive 3534 of the Burmese control structure is directly fabricated on the liquid crystal display: the first transparent substrate of 30 301 is away from the surface of the liquid crystal layer 303. In the touch display device 3, the first layer of the touch structure is directly formed on the first transparent substrate of the liquid crystal display panel 3, that is, the touch structure is shared with the liquid crystal display panel 3 The first 3〇1' can save the touch substrate and reduce the production cost. At the same time, the touch structure is integrated with the liquid crystal display panel 30 to facilitate assembly, and the overall thickness of the touch display device 3 can be reduced. The publication was published in the mouth of the product. The invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and the law has been patented by the law. However, the above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and equivalent modifications or two whites according to the spirit of the present invention should be Within the scope of the patent application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art touch display device. Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent structure. Cladding to Thousand Faces FIG. 3 is a side view of a first embodiment of the touch display device of the present invention. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer planar junction 14 200917106. ^ 5 is the working equivalent circuit diagram of the touch panel shown in Figure 3. 6 is a touch panel driver shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a driving electric waveform of the touch display device of the present invention. Touch display device touch panel first-substrate one substrate first transparent conductive layer first electrode second electrode first diode first-transparent conductive layer third electrode fourth electrode 2 > 3 20 21 22 23 231 232 233 24, 241 242 34 Brother - the adhesive layer display surface gap sub-frame glue liquid crystal display first transparent substrate second transparent substrate liquid crystal layer non-panel 243 25 26 260 27 28 30 301 302 303 15