200903899 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是指一種相位陣列式智慧天線及運作方 法，特別是指一種應用於無線網路橋接器之相位陣 式智慧天線及運作方法。 【先前技術】 傳統應用於無線網路產品的天線可使用偶極 卿㈣或單極(_。_)天線，這些類型的天線場^ 覆蓋範圍約為360纟。從應用面來看，它的好處是可 =有更多的使用者都能透過橋接器進人網際網路，但 疋由於天線的增益不高，無線通訊距離因此受限。為 了要讓增益提高’可以應用指向性天線讓傳輸距離增 加，但缺點則是，指向性天線場型以外方向的用戶無 法有良好的傳輸效率；因此能依照用戶使用的區域， 自動切換場型的智慧天線’因應而生。此種智慧天線 的增益高並且能透過軟體的控制，自動切換場型來服 務用戶，有覆蓋範圍大且增益高的好處，廣泛的應用 於無線通訊中。 一現行的冬慧天線大部份是利用數個指向性天線， 攻種智慧天線是透過軟體⑽二極體_以選擇要使 ，的天線方向來進行通訊傳輸。此種智慧天線的增益 利用率不高，因為其僅切換任一單方向的天線，無法 同時有效利用其餘的天線以增加效益；即使使用了， 但天線之_相位、距離和個別天線的場型不能相互 200903899 配合，對於增益的加乘上也不能有良好的效果。 另外，現4亍的智慧天線的電路控制 器和天線都在同一芦，不僅^僧刀支耦合 果益不佳。“僅佔用面積，並且增益的效 朵、5 = 1申請人鑑於習知技術中的缺點，經過 J蝴與研究，並一本鎖而不： 之簡要說明。S天線及運作方法」，以下為本案 【發明内容】 本發月的目的在於提供一種相位 :::其運作方法’以解決目前智慧天二t 遞天線，傳 天線、二輸入端分支•合器、二輸出 一二：控制電路，其中分編器是指 方法本ίΓί提供一種相位陣列式之智慧天線的運作 Μ曰°慧天線包括四天線，該方法包括同時開啟 d:傳ί訊號。該智慧天線更包括二輸入端分 二:::支;合器，其中每-輸入端分 有四^^—輸入端分支耦合器共具 該二合器具有二輪出端， 刀·σΐ§共具有四輸出端，而該方法更 200903899 包括下列步驟··（a)開啟該四輸入端中的其 入 並關閉其餘三輪入端；（b)輸入一輪入訊號於該開啟之 輸入端；及(C)藉由該四輸出端輸出訊號。 α 、本發明較佳地可以改變天線的場型，選擇服務的 區域，增益較一般全向性天線高，能使通訊距離增加。 本發明較佳地利用陣列天線的概念，改變相位和 天線之間的距離，讓天線的增益有才目加相〉咸的效果， 有別於利用切換單一指向性天線的作法，有效利用天 線的使用率。 【實施方式】 明參閱第1圖’第1圖是本案智慧天線第一較佳 實施例之四個陣列天線的相位關係圖，其中第一天線 1、第二天線2、第三天線3及第四天線4各據於一四 ，形5之四角，而四邊形5的對角線長二分之一波長， 若以第天線1為切線而晝一基準切線6，則可見第 二天線2及第四天線4距基準切線6四分之一波長， 而第三天線3則距基準切線6二分之一波長。 。又其中四個單一天線的場型在水平面必須涵蓋 360為全向性天線，如此在每一個方向上，天線的相 加、相減量才能相同，若四個天線的相位由第一天線 1到第四天線4的關係為180。、90。、〇。和9〇。，第一 天線1和第三天線3相位相差180。，而第一天線丄為 落後相位，兩天線距離相距二分一之波長，第三天線 3和第-天線1的相位差被二分—之波長的距離所抵 200903899 肖在第天線1上，兩天線是相互加乘的，而1 天線2和第四天線4相位是9〇。，基準切線 ^ ^垂直距離是四分-之波長，所以在45。度朝第4 秦1方向上如第1圖所示，四個天線 =增益最大的方向，在理論上四個天線所帶來;:車 列因子為6dB的增益；同理若第—天i到第四 4之間的相位關係為9G。、⑽。、如。^。 射 場型和增益最大值會往第二天線 =輪射 改變天線的相位，我們就能 ^要= 四個陣列天線的轎射場型涵蓋要㈣型’讓 實絲請參1第2圖’第2圖為本案智慧天線第一較佳 之產生四種相位組合的傳輸線 圖’傳輸線饋入網路n主要是由 伽一)所組成’其中，第-輸入分支二 f7輸入ί支耦合器8為天線的輸入端，而第-輸出 二二輸出分域合1110為天線的輸出 及，輸一第二輸入分支二 Π及第三輸入端23,第一輸出分支輕合器7: 端31及第二輪出端％，第二輸出分支輕 合态10包括第二於山Α山，，„ μ 叫刀又祸 弟—輸出為33及第四輸出端34。 表，=二表:為輪入端與輸出端的相位對應 入端21 if關Pf ^中，右糟由控制電路開啟第一輸 ，21並關閉第二輸入端。、第三輸入端23及第： 輸…’則第一輸出端31、第二輸出端32、= 200903899 輸出端33及第四輸出端34 ⑽。和C在狀態二、三^相，關係為〇。、90。、 入端22、第三輸入端23及第二則是分別由第二輪 乐四輸入端入24，；$ 同的輸入端’則輪出相位的關係跟著^擇不200903899 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a phase array type smart antenna and a method of operation thereof, and more particularly to a phase array smart antenna and a method for operating the same in a wireless network bridge. [Prior Art] Conventional antennas for wireless network products can use dipole (four) or unipolar (_._) antennas, and these types of antenna fields have a coverage of about 360 纟. From the application point of view, its advantage is that = more users can enter the Internet through the bridge, but because the antenna gain is not high, the wireless communication distance is limited. In order to increase the gain, a directional antenna can be applied to increase the transmission distance, but the disadvantage is that users outside the directional antenna field cannot have good transmission efficiency; therefore, the field type can be automatically switched according to the area used by the user. Smart antennas are born in response. The smart antenna has high gain and can automatically switch the field type to the service user through the control of the software. It has the advantages of large coverage and high gain, and is widely used in wireless communication. Most of the current Donghui antennas use several directional antennas. The smart antennas are transmitted through the software (10) diodes to select the antenna direction to be transmitted. The gain utilization of such a smart antenna is not high because it only switches any one-directional antenna, and the other antennas cannot be effectively utilized at the same time to increase the efficiency; even if used, the phase, distance and antenna pattern of the antenna are used. Can not cooperate with each other, 200903899, can not have a good effect on the gain multiplication. In addition, the circuit controller and antenna of the current 4-inch smart antenna are all in the same reed, not only the coupling of the knife is not good. "Only occupying the area, and the effect of the gain, 5 = 1 applicants in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, after J butterfly and research, and a lock without: a brief description. S antenna and operation method", the following is The present invention [invention] The purpose of this month is to provide a phase::: its operation method to solve the current smart day two t antenna, antenna, two input branch, combiner, two output one: control circuit, The coder refers to a method that provides a phase array type smart antenna operation. The antenna includes four antennas, and the method includes simultaneously turning on d: transmitting a signal. The smart antenna further comprises two input ends divided into two::: branch; a combiner, wherein each input end is divided into four ^^- input branch couplers have a total of two rounds of output, the knife σ § § Having four outputs, and the method further comprises 200903899 comprising the following steps: (a) turning on the four inputs and turning off the remaining three rounds; (b) inputting a round signal at the open input; C) The signal is output by the four outputs. α, the present invention preferably can change the field type of the antenna, select the service area, and the gain is higher than that of the general omnidirectional antenna, so that the communication distance can be increased. The present invention preferably utilizes the concept of an array antenna to change the distance between the phase and the antenna, so that the gain of the antenna has a synergistic effect, which is different from the method of switching a single directional antenna, and effectively utilizes the antenna. Usage rate. [Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a phase diagram of four array antennas of a first preferred embodiment of the smart antenna of the present invention, wherein the first antenna 1, the second antenna 2, and the third antenna 3 And the fourth antenna 4 is according to a fourth, a shape of the four corners of the five, and the diagonal of the quadrilateral 5 is one-half of a wavelength. If the first antenna 1 is tangent to a reference tangent 6, the second antenna is visible. The second and fourth antennas 4 are one quarter of a wavelength from the reference tangent, and the third antenna 3 is one-half of the wavelength from the reference tangent. . In addition, the field pattern of four single antennas must cover 360 as an omnidirectional antenna in the horizontal plane, so that in each direction, the addition and subtraction of the antennas can be the same, if the phases of the four antennas are from the first antenna 1 to The relationship of the fourth antenna 4 is 180. 90. Oh. And 9 〇. The first antenna 1 and the third antenna 3 are 180 out of phase. And the first antenna 丄 is a backward phase, the two antennas are separated by a wavelength of one-half, and the phase difference between the third antenna 3 and the first antenna 1 is offset by the distance of the wavelength--the wavelength of 200903899. The antennas are multiplied by each other, and the phase of the 1 antenna 2 and the fourth antenna 4 is 9 〇. , the reference tangent ^ ^ vertical distance is the four-minute wavelength, so at 45. In the direction of the 4th Qin 1 as shown in Figure 1, the four antennas = the direction of the maximum gain, theoretically brought by the four antennas; the coefficient of the train is 6dB; the same as the first day The phase relationship between the fourth and fourth is 9G. (10). ,Such as. ^. The field type and gain maximum will change the phase of the antenna to the second antenna = round, we can ^ = four array antennas of the dome type cover to (four) type 'let the silk please refer to 1 figure 2' 2 is the first preferred transmission line diagram of the four antennas of the smart antenna of the present case. The transmission line feed network n is mainly composed of gamma. The first input branch two f7 input LY coupler 8 is an antenna. The input end, and the first-output two-two output sub-field 1110 is the output of the antenna, and the second output branch two and the third input end 23 are output, the first output branch light combiner 7: the end 31 and the second round The output end %, the second output branch light merging state 10 includes the second in the foothills of the mountain, „μ 叫 刀 祸 祸 — - output is 33 and the fourth output 34. Table, = two tables: for the wheel end The phase of the output end corresponds to the input terminal 21 if the Pf ^ is turned off, the right gate is turned on by the control circuit, the first input, 21 and the second input terminal is closed. The third input terminal 23 and the first: output ... 'the first output terminal 31, The second output terminal 32, = 200903899 output terminal 33 and the fourth output terminal 34 (10), and C in the state two, three phase, off Is a square, 90, the end 22, the second and the third input terminal 23 are respectively composed of four input terminals 24 into a second round of music,;. $ Relationship with the input of 'the phase of the wheel choose not to follow ^
參閱第圖了^ 實施例之天線及值銓綠蘇λ,千9愚天線第—較佳 U-】 … 傳輸饋網路之俯杨意圖，龙中 ®中的各個輸出端皆相對應於第2圖中的各 端，但是相較於第2圖中的 ，出 銓“比士 的各輸出端’本圖中的各個 輸出端皆有延伸出小-段。本圖中可以看 ^ 1位於第一輸出端3】，當_ 天線 ^ 鈿弟一天線2位於第二輸出端32, C三輸出端33，第四天線位4於第四 =二’在本圖中並將第一、二、三及四天線所在 的千面疋義為由又軸及γ軸所構成的χγ平面。 請參閱第4圖，帛4圖是本案智慧天線第—較佳 200903899Refer to the figure. ^ Antenna and value of the embodiment 铨 苏 λ, 千 9 愚 antenna - preferably U-] ... The transmission of the feed network is intended to be inferior, each output of the Longzhong® corresponds to the 2 at each end of the figure, but compared to the one in Figure 2, the output of each of the "Biss's output terminals" in this figure has extended small-segment. In this figure, you can see ^ 1 The first output terminal 3], when the _ antenna ^ 钿 一 an antenna 2 is located at the second output terminal 32, the C three output terminal 33, the fourth antenna bit 4 is at the fourth = two 'in the figure and will be the first and second The three-sided and four-antenna are located in the χγ plane composed of the axis and the γ-axis. Please refer to Figure 4, Figure 4 is the smart antenna of this case - preferably 200003899
實施例之天線及傳輸線饋入網路之側視示意圖，其中 可以看到第三天線3及第四天線4 ’另外因為本圖是側 視圖，所以第一天、線1及第二天線2被触，無法示 出。另外，可以看到智慧天線具有上層41，上層41包 括二個輸入端分支耦合器、二個輸出端分支耦合器及 四個天線。又可以看到智慧天線具有中層犯，^42 為接地層。又可以看到智慧天線具有下層43,下層θ43. 包括控制電路。其中控制電路包括一 切換該二輸人端分以合器。 ϋ Μ 請參閱第5圖，第5圖是本案智慧天線第一較佳 貫施例之下層結構圖，圖中可以看到四個二極體Μ， 在本實施例中四個二極體51就是㈣1置。又圖中可 二看到四傳輸線50’其中切換裝置藉由四傳輸線5〇分 別與四輸人端連接，該切縣置與每—該四輸入端之 間的距離相同，該四傳輸線長度為二分之一波長的等 並且該切換農置與每一該四輸入端之間的相 ，相f’較佳地，本案智慧天線能減少所使用的面積， 益且有利於上層天線的增益的相加乘，有別於其 歸式。又該四傳輸線5()不與切 =置連結的-端各具有_灌孔及55—直流阻斷電容 装本案智慧天料作時會f雜該四輸入端中# 雷牧、别人端並_其餘三輸人端，也就是利用控制 三輪入媳，审★中的其中一輸入端並關閉其餘 ' $進—步說，就是利用控制電路以控制該 200903899 其餘三輸入端的三個二極體不導通以形成開路，其中 該三個二極體分別到對應的關閉的三輸入端的距離為 一分之一波長的n倍以形成等效開路。又於本第五圖 中示出該控制電路更包括饋入信號輸入線59，其中饋 入信號輸入線59的一端連接於該該切換裝置，該饋入 信號輸入線59是用以饋入一饋入信號58。另外，本圖 還示出饋入信號輸入端匹配電路57，其位於該饋入信 號輸入線59上。 又於本圖中不出第一高頻阻斷電路53，其具有兩 端，其一端連接於該饋入信號輸入端匹配電路57，另 二端接於一 3.3伏特之電源。又於本圖中示出四個第二 间頻阻斷電路54,每一該四個第二高頻阻斷電路Μ各 一有兩端，其中一端接地，每一該四第二高頻阻斷電 路^ 一端分別藉由高阻抗細線5 2連接於該四傳輸線， 四高阻抗細線52分別為四分之一波長。A side view of the antenna and transmission line of the embodiment fed into the network, wherein the third antenna 3 and the fourth antenna 4' can be seen. In addition, since the figure is a side view, the first day, the line 1 and the second antenna 2 Touched, can't show. In addition, it can be seen that the smart antenna has an upper layer 41, and the upper layer 41 includes two input branch couplers, two output branch couplers, and four antennas. It can also be seen that the smart antenna has a middle layer and the ^42 is a ground layer. It can also be seen that the smart antenna has a lower layer 43, and the lower layer θ43. Includes a control circuit. The control circuit includes a switch between the two input terminals and the combiner. ϋ Μ Please refer to Figure 5, which is a layer structure diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the smart antenna of the present case. Four diodes Μ can be seen in the figure. In this embodiment, four diodes 51 are shown. It is (four) 1 set. In the figure, the four transmission lines 50' can be seen. The switching device is respectively connected to the four input terminals by four transmission lines 5, which are the same distances from each of the four input terminals, and the length of the four transmission lines is One-half wavelength and the like and the phase between the switching and each of the four inputs, phase f', preferably, the intelligent antenna of the present invention can reduce the area used, and is beneficial to the gain of the upper antenna. Adding multiplication is different from its categorization. Moreover, the four transmission lines 5() are not connected to the cut-to-connected ends, and each of the four ends has a _filling hole and a 55-DC blocking capacitor. _ The remaining three losers, that is, using the control three rounds, reviewing one of the inputs and closing the rest of the '$in-steps, that is, using the control circuit to control the three diodes of the remaining three inputs of the 200903899 Non-conducting to form an open circuit, wherein the three diodes are respectively separated by a distance of one-tenth of a wavelength from the corresponding three-input terminal to form an equivalent open circuit. Also shown in the fifth figure, the control circuit further includes a feed signal input line 59, wherein one end of the feed signal input line 59 is connected to the switching device, and the feed signal input line 59 is for feeding a Signal 58 is fed. In addition, the figure also shows a feed signal input matching circuit 57 which is located on the feed signal input line 59. Also shown in the figure is a first high frequency blocking circuit 53 having two ends, one end of which is connected to the feed signal input matching circuit 57 and the other end of which is connected to a 3.3 volt power supply. Also shown in the figure are four second inter-frequency blocking circuits 54, each of which has two ends, one end of which is grounded, and each of the four second high-frequency resistors One end of the breaking circuit ^ is connected to the four transmission lines by a high-impedance thin line 52, respectively, and the four high-impedance thin lines 52 are respectively a quarter wavelength.
請參閱第6圖’第6圖為狀態一由第一輸入端入 所传到的場型圖。 請參閱第7圖，第7圖為狀態二由第二輸入端入 所传到的場型圖。 請參閱第8圖，第8圖為狀態三由第三輸入端入 汁件到的場型圖。 所γ二參閱第9圖’第9圖為狀態四由第四輸入端入 V传到的場型圖。 場型Ξ參:m，第1〇圖為阳為225。平面上的 '、可以看到在ΧΥ平面仰角30度為此天線 11 200903899 最大的增益值。 本發明較佳地可以有效的減少其它相同頻率信號 的干擾。 本發明較佳地可以改變天線的場型，選揲藤的 區域，增益較一般全向性天線高，能使通訊距離增加。 本發明較佳地利用陣列天線的概念，改變相位和 天線之間的距離，讓天線的增益有相加相減的效果， 有別於利用切換單一指向性天線的作法，有效利用天 線的使用率。 本案得由熟悉本技藝之人士任施匠思而為諸般 修飾，然皆不脫如附申請專利範圍所欲保護者。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖.本案智慧天線第一較佳實施例之四個陣 列天線的相位關係圖。 第2圖.本案智慧天線第一較佳實施例之產生四 ) 種相位組合的傳輸線饋入網路示意圖。 第3圖.本案智慧天線第一較佳實施例之天線及 傳輸線饋入網路之俯視示意圖。 第4圖.本案智慧天線第一較佳實施例之天線及 傳輸線饋入網路之側視示意圖。 第5圖·本案智慧天線第一較佳實施例之下層結 構圖。 第6圖·狀態一由第一輸入端入所得到的場型圖。 第7圖.狀態一由第二輸入端入所得到的場型圖。 12 200903899 第8圖：狀態三由第三輸入端入所得到的場型圖。 第9圖：狀態四由第四輸入端入所得到的場型圖。 第10圖·· Phi為225。平面上的場型圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 ·第一天線 2 :第二天線 3 .第三天線 4 :第四天線 5 :四邊形 6:基準切線 7 :第一輸入分支耦合器 8.第二輸入分支耦合界 9 :第一輸出分支耦合器 10 :第二輸出分支心器 11 :傳輸線饋入纟同略 21 :第一輸入端 22 .第二輸入端 23 :第三輸入端 24 _第四輸入端 第一輸出端 弟二輸出端 第三輸出端 第四輸出端 上層 中層 下層 四傳輪線 四二極體 高阻抗細線 高阻抗細線 第一高頻阻斷電路 四第二高頻阻斷電路 灌孔 直流阻斷電容 饋入信號輸入端匹配電路 饋入信號 ’·饋入信號輸入線 13Please refer to Fig. 6'. Fig. 6 is a view of the field pattern transmitted by the first input terminal. Please refer to Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a field diagram of state 2 transmitted by the second input terminal. Please refer to Fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a field diagram of state three from the third input to the juice. The γ 2 is referred to in Fig. 9. Fig. 9 is a field diagram in which state 4 is transmitted from the fourth input terminal to V. Field type ginseng: m, the first picture is 225 for Yang. ' on the plane, you can see the maximum gain value for this antenna 11 200903899 at an elevation angle of 30 degrees in the plane. The present invention preferably can effectively reduce interference from other signals of the same frequency. The present invention preferably changes the field pattern of the antenna, selects the area of the vine, and has a higher gain than the general omnidirectional antenna, thereby increasing the communication distance. The invention preferably utilizes the concept of an array antenna, changes the phase and the distance between the antennas, and has the effect of adding and subtracting the gain of the antenna, which is different from the method of switching a single directional antenna, and effectively utilizing the utilization rate of the antenna. . This case has been modified by people who are familiar with the art, but it is not intended to be protected by the scope of the patent application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a phase diagram of the four array antennas of the first preferred embodiment of the smart antenna of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transmission line feeding a network of a phase combination of the first preferred embodiment of the smart antenna of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a top plan view showing the antenna and the transmission line of the first preferred embodiment of the smart antenna of the present invention. Figure 4 is a side elevational view of the antenna and transmission line of the first preferred embodiment of the smart antenna of the present invention fed into the network. Fig. 5 is a layered composition diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the smart antenna of the present invention. Figure 6 - State 1 The resulting field pattern is entered by the first input. Figure 7. State 1 The resulting field pattern is entered by the second input. 12 200903899 Figure 8: State 3 obtained from the third input. Figure 9: State 4 is the field pattern obtained by the fourth input. Figure 10 · Phi is 225. The field map on the plane. [Description of main component symbols] 1 · First antenna 2: Second antenna 3. Third antenna 4: Fourth antenna 5: Quadrilateral 6: Reference tangent 7: First input branch coupler 8. Second input branch coupling界9: First output branch coupler 10: second output branching device 11: transmission line feed 纟 21: first input terminal 22. second input terminal 23: third input terminal 24 _ fourth input terminal An output terminal, two output terminals, a third output terminal, a fourth output terminal, an upper layer, a lower layer, a fourth layer, a four-pole, a high-impedance thin line, a high-impedance thin line, a first high-frequency blocking circuit, a fourth high-frequency blocking circuit, a DC Blocking capacitor feeding signal input terminal matching circuit feeding signal '·feeding signal input line 13