TW200835270A - Method of supplying streams of data - Google Patents

Abstract

There is disclosed a method of supplying streams of data (60) via a data communication network (10) to a user apparatus (50). The data communication network (10 20) includes data supply nodes (S1 to S8) distributed therein. The streams of data (60) correspond to data blocks stored amongst the data supply nodes (S1 to S6). The method includes steps of: (a) sending into the network (10, 20) requests (610) for determining a distribution of the data blocks amongst the data supply nodes (S1 to S6); (b) receiving responses (610) generated in response to receipt of the requests, the responses being operable to convey information indicative of the distribution; (c) generating quota data (QCD) for a subset of the data supply nodes (S1 to S6) for use in supplying the data blocks, the quota data including instructions to supply to the user apparatus (50) the data blocks from the subset of data supply nodes (S1 to S6) at least partially in proportion to the distribution; (d) communicating the quota data to the subset of data supply nodes for instructing the subset of data supply nodes to supply their respective data blocks as specified in said quota data; and (e) receiving the requested data blocks at the user apparatus (50) for user (670) consumption thereat.

Description

200835270 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to methods for supplying one or more data streams to a user via a data communication network, for example, via the Internet. A method of supplying data streams to a user's television display device in an end-to-end manner. Moreover, the present invention is also concerned with software that can be implemented on a computer hardware to implement the present invention. Moreover, the present invention is also concerned with networks and systems in which such methods can be implemented. 10 [Prior Art] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Contemporary television broadcasting is well known and relates to the transmission of program content over carrier signals under ultra high frequency (UHF) or via one or more hygiene at very high frequencies (sjiF). signal. Recently, devices that communicate television services via fiber-optic communication link 15, also known as "cable television," have become more and more popular. More recently, there have been televisions via mobile phones... that is, cellular phones. Services are proposed and presented in the form of existing prototypes. In addition, moving images and animations are known to be available from Internet sites, for example, using "Qukktime" which can be executed on the user's computer hardware. 20. Contemporary software. When using a data network like the Internet to provide instant video, the technical problem encountered is the credibility of streaming video data from the central server to the user. That is, from the source of the central server to the user's string of sights. This credibility is also known as the "quality of service" 5 200835270 (QoS) 'In a network like the Internet, it is often difficult It is ensured that they are likely to experience wide-ranging changes in their ability to respond to the traffic flow through their immediate data traffic load. Although similar in user devices The characteristics of the data buffer can be used to at least partially compensate for changes or interruptions in the data stream supplied to the user. Such user device buffers are unable to cope with the unexpected effects of such central servers. Mistakes or unavailability. As a result, the provision of television services to user devices via data streams from a central server via a similar data network such as the Internet has not been widely possible or has not been discovered to operate fully reliably.因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而 因而The invention can improve the credibility of the data stream supply. t SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 15 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a method for supplying data streams, which can allow data streams to be provided more reliably without directly A central source provides a stream of data. According to a first feature of the invention, there is provided a method, 20 a data communication network for supplying one or more data streams to a user device, the data communication network comprising a plurality of data supply nodes distributed therein, the one or more data streams corresponding to one Or a plurality of data blocks stored between the data supply nodes, the method comprising the steps of: 6 200835270 owing (8) to determine the distribution of one or more poor blocks between the data supply nodes One or more requests are transmitted into the network; (8) receiving one or more responses in response to the receipt of the one or more requests in the & day interval, one or more In response, 5 may operationally communicate information indicative of the distribution; (4) generate quota data relating to at least a subset of the data provisioning nodes used to supply the one or more data blocks, Quota data (QCD) contains instructions that are used to supply one or more resources from the data supply nodes to a subset of the items in a function of the above distribution. The user device; (d) communicating the quota data to a subset of the data provisioning node, and providing the data provisioning node with the following instructions to supply one or more of the materials specified in the quota data (QCD) And (e) receiving, at the user device, the one or more requested resources for consumption by a user of the location. An advantage of the present invention is that the provision of data can be more reliable because the supply capabilities of the one or more data supply nodes have been taken into account. Alternatively, in this method, the subset contains all of the data supply nodes of the network. However, this subset is more common to include some of the data supply nodes of the network. When one or more of the data blocks are widely distributed within the network, a situation often arises in which there are more data supply nodes capable of supplying one or more that need to be invoked by the user device. Data block. Alternatively, in this method, the function is to supply ~- or more data blocks from a subset of the data supply nodes such as the 7200835270 that are at least partially proportional to the distribution of the item. Examples of such proportional supply are exemplified below, Tables 2 and 3. Alternatively, the method includes the step of including in the data of the one or more data blocks an indicator of the time series in which the time series is The data supply section = , a subset of the frequency of the supply of the one or more data blocks. The inclusion of such time series helps to ensure that the data blocks are received in the order required by the user to avoid the need to use large data and perform a considerable amount of data to re-lake and dispose of them.彳 The choice is that this method includes a step of providing a subset of the points for each greedy material, and also communicating the quota data, so that the sub-rate _Request to supply the #- or more data blocks to the information about the -15 other subsets of the device's f-supply node. Distributing the quota data to all potential sources of data supply nodes has the advantage that the information is distributed between the supply nodes so that the supply nodes can know that one of them is in the eight A period of time for which one or more of the specified data blocks are required to be supplied. 20 can choose to be 'in this method, the time series can be shaped from 4 or a day or a data block, from which the user should send it to the user, where the data is supplied. A subset of nodes operable to be synchronized independently of each other with respect to the start time, and a subset of the data provisioning nodes are operable substantially as indicated in the limit data 200835270 relative to the The one or more data blocks specified in the limit data are supplied at the time of the start time. The time series helps to ensure that the one or more data supply nodes are substantially synchronized with each other in relation to their supply of data blocks to the user device. 5 Optionally, in the method, the subset of the data supply nodes includes a data supply node having a range of 3 to 1 as specified in the quota data. This range represents an optimal compromise between the confidence that the data block is supplied to the user device and the extent to which the data control pre-processing is maintained to be manageable within the network. Optionally, in the method, the one or more data packets are encoded with at least one of the following: (e) compensation or correction related to data loss and/or clearing errors; (1) Amendments related to data errors. . The advantage of this redundancy is that it alleviates the need for retransmission of data block requests in the event of a missing portion of the data during transmission of the user device. More optionally, in the method, the one or more data blocks are encoded at a subset of the data supply nodes and then decoded at the user device. The coding at the data supply nodes requires a relatively small amount of computer computing effort, but allows the required computer computing to be spread across the network. Alternatively, in the method, the one or more data blocks are encoded by Reed-S〇k>m〇n, and the user device is operationally 'optional' One or more of the funds received at the user device 9 200835270 block, applied Reed Solomon decoding. Such coding and in the actual implementation of the present invention are particularly applicable. However, some encoding and decoding for = can be selected for adoption.曰4 More optionally, in the method Φ, the user U system contains at least one of the following data buffers: (8) buffering one or more of the subsets from the data supply nodes. a change in the supply rate of the data block; and / 10 (9) in the event that the subset of data provisioning nodes is operational and deviated from a sequence of data blocks as stipulated in the quota data, The order of the poor blocks. Optionally, in the method, the user device is operable to present: (g) a data supply interruption message to the user; and/or (h) specified in the violation limit data (QCD) The one or more requested 15 data blocks fail to present the program content obtained from the alternative data block to the user in the event that the quota data is received at the user's skirt in a timely manner. Alternatively, in the method, the user device is operable to transmit a warning message to the data communication network during the event, and the 20 warning message is operable to prompt one or Multiple searches to identify one or more alternative data provisioning nodes that can provide corresponding data blocks that are not reliably received at the user device. Alternatively, in the method, the interrupt message and/or the program content corresponding to the substitute data block are presented to the user, and the operating data supply node can be operated directly from the 200835270 to the alternative data supply node. It should wait until the data block has not been reliably received so far. Optionally, in the method, the data communication network implements, at least in part, the one or more data blocks corresponding to the television type program content via the Internet, and the using The device corresponds to a television type display device. Optionally, in the method, the one or more data blocks correspond to a request by the user to the program content executed by the data communication network via the user device. Alternatively, in the method, the one or more data blocks stored in the data supply nodes are transmitted to the data supply node in an end-to-end manner. More optionally, in the method, the one or more data blocks are stored in multiples of the data supply nodes of the poor communication network. These multiple backups need to be replaced in the event that the original data supply node fails to supply: the specific data block (4). According to a second feature of the present invention, the method of communicating with the data communication network is performed in accordance with the first feature of the present invention. According to the third feature of the present invention, the system provides that the system includes at least one user device, two devices, one or more data files, and the device network. One or more data blocks, including: program ^ 11 11 35 35 wherein the system is configured to perform a method in accordance with the first feature of the present invention. According to a fourth feature of the present invention, there is provided an end-to-end digital television system comprising at least one television-type user device, and at least a portion of an Internet-based data communication network. The system is operable to supply one or more data blocks to the user device, the one or more data blocks containing program content, wherein the system is configured to execute _ according to the present invention The method of the first feature. According to a fifth feature of the present invention, there is provided a software product recorded on a 10 data item, wherein the software product can be executed on a computer meter body to implement a method according to the present invention. The method of the first feature. It is to be understood that the features of the invention are to be construed as being limited to the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The drawings illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and will now be described by way of example only with reference to the following drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is an end-to-end data supply network 20 that can operate in accordance with the present invention. Example diagram; Figure 2 is an illustration of the data stream, data stream, ', shell packet, data packet, and data segment conveyed in the network of Figure 1; An illustration of the encoding and decoding performed in the network; 12 200835270 An illustration of a method for providing data streaming to a user device of the network of Figure 1; and Figure 5 is a A further illustration of a method for selecting a data provisioning node in the network of Figure 1 to address variable node performance, node loss, and node replacement. In the accompanying drawings, the figures incorporated are in the context of the description of the embodiments of the invention. The numbers included are added to the bottom line when they are within the characteristics of the space & In addition, the numbers that are not added to the bottom are linked by a line segment that is characterized by the number of such numbers. In addition, the numbers are connected by arrows when used to indicate a complete component part or system. [Embodiment] j Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment In summary, the present invention relates to supplying a 15 or more data streams to a user device via a data communication network. While not limiting, the present invention is coupled to the technical problem of providing digital television-type services over the Internet to a number of user devices configured to deliver such television-type services. In one embodiment of the invention, which is illustrated in more detail below, some of the data blocks that are capable of permitting the formation of data streams are transmitted indirectly to the Internet or similarly in an indirect end-to-end manner. The intermediate supply nodes within the form of the data communication network, and the data blocks, are then supplied from the supply nodes to the user device to provide a television service as described above. This method of providing a data block to the user device is a solution to the problems encountered in the video cable system of the 2008 cable system, which is related to the data stream directly from the central server; the present invention is concerned with some central servers. They can provide the (4) block to the fresh supply node in a pre-material system, and thus can overcome the need to immediately stream the data directly to the user. However, the item that is triggered is a problem that is not solved by the invention. The foregoing supply node has the potential to have a data block that makes the organization supply to the user device under the maintenance of service quality, and becomes a paper. Possible complex _ technical issues. The present invention addresses this complex technical problem by performing the following sequence of steps: 10 15 20 Step 1: - A user will identify the content of the program that the user wants to consume, and will indicate - a phase Linking the user device, and transmitting a reference node for the data communication network of the Internet, such as the Internet, is conveniently referred to as _ "back end" However, the reference node may optionally be a need for the backend, but may be a node that is specifically designated to respond to the user's query about the program content. The reference node may transmit a first in response to the first request message. - a response message to the user device, wherein the information is related to the information block constituting the content of the program, and the data block is transmitted in the data communication channel in advance by means of the material end By means of "end-to-end mode", the reference node cannot control the proliferation and storage location of the data block in the network; the reference node is provided in the first response message because the system does not have this force use The user is placed on the information indicating both the required resource = block and their corresponding storage locations in the data communication network. The step of receiving the data section 14 containing the content of the program is received. 200835270 The first response message of the information, the user device is operable to transmit a second request message for the data block to the supply node of the data communication network. The supply nodes are responsive to the second Requesting a message and transmitting a second 5 response message indicating the provider's data block to the user device, and providing them with the capacity to supply such information to it. For example, Certain high-speed and high-capacity data nodes can provide many data blocks, while other low-speed and small-capacity nodes can only provide relatively few data blocks. The user device is operational and can be transported. After the second request message, waiting for a defined waiting period to receive a response from the supply nodes at 10. For certain popular types of program content Some of the data blocks corresponding to them have the potential to spread widely within the network in such a way that the device is used, and it is possible to wait for a relatively long period of time to receive from. All of the network's available data blocks should be supplied to the user device with a '15 ¥ point response. In other words, to provide a response service to the user, • the user is set to wait for a period of time. During the defined waiting period, the system is sufficient for the user device to have a response to the normal reception from the sufficient supply node, thereby ensuring that all the data blocks required to present the desired program content are available to the user. 20, (4) 3: Upon receiving the second response message, for example, at the end of the waiting period of the description, the user device will execute the item, which may be in the supply node The ability to be included in the test, jin, with the supply of such data blocks, in a timely two: =: where the data blocks are provided to the user device, which does not involve 15 200835 270 The user node has the need to store a large amount of data in its buffer and to reorganize the sequence of such data blocks received in a noisy sequence. The allocation of such bedding block supply is recorded in the limit data, which in turn is transmitted to the user device for selecting 5 supply nodes for the desired data blocks in the third request message. . Alternatively, the limit beaker can be used to supply an absolute time, that is, a start time t〇, which should be started at the moment, and the corresponding data block Dn needs to be supplied to the user at that time. Some of the devices are integers relative to the start time tn, η is an integer that is used to define a portion of the data block 10 of the sequence of data blocks d. These supply nodes all refer to each other to an entire data communication network time clock. Step 4: Upon receiving the third request message, the data provisioning nodes will wait until the network time clock '', corresponding to the start of the current data block supply (fourth), and then At the network time, the 15 clock tref then corresponds to t〇+tn_, and the data blocks that are indicated to be supplied in the quota data conveyed by the third request message are transmitted. : The requested data block Dn is substantially received at the user device in the order in which the user is to be presented; however, the data blocks ^, occasionally, are used in a noisy order. The device is received, and the sequence 20 needs to be rearranged according to the sequence number contained in each data block. In the meantime, the data blocks Dn are advantageously received within a short period of time before they need to be presented to the user for consumption. The need for a bulk buffer within the user device can thus be avoided, and the user does not have to wait for all of the data blocks to be received until the desired content to be presented to the user is executed. For example, the user device is operable to present program content of an earlier data block to the user while the later poor block is being received by the user device. In the foregoing, the invention has been described broadly. Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in greater detail. Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a data communication network generally referred to as 10; this network 10 is optionally implemented at least in part via the contemporary Internet. The network 10 includes several data provisioning nodes 31 through 38 that operate in an end-to-end manner and form an end-to-end network designated by H) 20. The data blocks Dn are transmitted from a central source 30, for example, from one or more central servers that are in communication with the end-to-end network; if required, such central sources are 3 It can act as a data provisioning node that can provide data blocks in a similar manner to an event in which a given data block has not been propagated within the network 20 and has been requested by the user. The data is supplied to nodes S1 to S8. In response to receipt of the third request message containing the quota data, the data supply nodes 81 to 86 are operable to provide their respective data blocks, for example, as indicated by arrow 4 A user device indicated by 5 inches. The data block 20, which is supplied to the user device 5, constitutes a stream of data indexed by 60. The data supply nodes S7 and S8 also have the potential to supply the data block Dn, or because they have not responded within the aforementioned waiting period, or because the data supply nodes S1 to S6 are sufficient to ensure supply The desired data block Dn is given to the user's but not selected. 17 200835270 The user device 50 can be implemented in several different ways. For example, the user device 50 can be implemented as a personal computer including a computer computing hardware and a screen display. Alternatively, the user device 50 can be implemented as a "black box" for connection to a contemporary television device, for example, by means of a retrofit or "plug-in" device. This data stream 60 will now be explained in more detail with reference to Figure 2. Although the data stream 60 is in the foregoing, it is described that the data block is included, and the structure is more complicated. The data stream 60 can contain a significant amount of data, for example, a total of billions of bytes. In addition, the data stream 60 is subdivided into some data stream groups 100 before being coded 10, wherein each data stream group advantageously includes 32 MB data; for example, The data stream 60 includes: a "data stream group" indicated at 110, a "data stream group 16" indicated at 120, and a "data stream group 32" indicated at 130. And a "data stream group 15 η" indicated at 140. Each data stream group 110, 120, 130, 140 includes a plurality of data packages, wherein each data package contains data of 256 bits; for example, the data package indicated by 220 31", as exemplified, includes "package 16" indicated at 200, "package 17" indicated at 210, and "package 31" indicated at 220. Each data package 200, 210, 220, 20 is further subdivided into data packets, wherein each data packet contains 64 bytes of data; for example, the "package" specified by 210 The system includes: "data packet 17.1" indicated by 300, "data packet 172.0" indicated by 310, etc., and even "data packet 17.16" indicated by 320. In addition, each data packet 3〇〇, 310, 320 is further subdivided into 18 pieces of data size by the number of 2008 200827; for example, the “data packet 17.2” specified by M0 is Subdivided, when it is in the compilation of the data stream, it is divided into three segments specified by Lion, 4U) and 420. The Reed Solomon coding program is best used. 10 15 20 These tribute fragments, for example, data fragments 4()(), 41(), 42(), are independently propagated to Langlu_, for example, in the end-to-end road 2 In the inner operation, when the supply data stream 6G is given to the user device, whether the bedding segment such as A is successfully received at the user device 5Q is a very small event: or a segment arrives completely, or Not at all. As explained above, each piece of data is the output of a genus code, for example, Reed Solo n (RS) decoding, which causes coding redundancy 'but can allow data to be missed The user device view is modified. Its type of coding is feasible, or alternatively or additionally considers the bedding correction. The above-mentioned pre-coded data specified by 31G and containing #64仟-bit data The packet 17·2 is expanded into %仟 bytes after encoding. The advantageous property of the Solomon code is that in the user device 50 = three corresponding segments of the data packet, only two are needed. ^ Rebuild the data packet; g this, the (four) device 5 () There is no need to operate to explicitly retransmit the encoded data packet unless two of the three fragments of the data packet have been lost during the transmission in the network. _ The operation of the second network 1G The problem with the cap encounter _1 is that although the aforementioned code provides 50% redundant pre-processing, the chances of the pure segment missing of the three sequels are significant, that is, at 19 200835270 5

10 15

The user's clothing set 50 in the pass of the fund f right reading group failed, than the "sakisaki failure" T "sheng n __ code in the third order, is inserted into the genus lost. thinking p "6 The Solomon code that is executed in the peer network 2G and the corresponding decoding performed by the user wearing the 5G location of the user. Some of the fragments of the 荨, and the flat code are also missing. If the example is used, it can be compensated by using the light scale. In Fig. 3, the _ is in the function system with 5' (four), and a corresponding Reed Solomon decoding function is indicated. The loss of data is indicated by the cross "χ". The encoding occurring at the data supply node such as Hai, for example, the data supply nodes S1 to S6 in Fig. 1 involves cutting the data packet into pieces similar to the aforementioned data fragments. As a result, the total size of all the segments of a packet is equal to the packet size before the encoding function 5〇〇. After encoding in the encoding function 500, the data size is expanded by 33% by the addition of 32 octets of data as illustrated in Figure 2. Fragments of such decoding are transmitted via the networks 10, 20, which sometimes cause loss of data as indicated by "X" in Figure 3 above. Alternatively, when the networks 10, 20 are implemented in the Internet, the pieces of data are transmitted using a UDP stream. Although the above section clarifies that the size of the data is expanded by 33%, it should be understood that there is a trade-off between the amount of information to be communicated and the tolerance to data loss and/or data corruption. Extensions are possible. This trade-off is closely related to the communication bandwidth required to implement the present invention. Thus, the use of a conventional data stream with a acknowledgment/negative acknowledgment (ack/nack) retransmission of the data block transport can tolerate sub-optimal quality of the data stream delivery to the user 20 200835270 device 50, and thus The sub-optimal quality of the user's program. The data packets lost during the transmission of the user device need to be retransmitted from the data supply node using the data supply node SliS6 as an example. The time interval between a data packet transmitted toward the user device 505 and a packet lost by the user device __ during transmission and never received at the user device 5 ' in practice In the worst case scenario, there is a potential for a month b曰 close to 2 seconds. As a result, a recurrent request is likely to have a 2 second pause before the data packet is finally successfully received at the user device 50. Such pauses can be mitigated by employing the data buffer described in the user device 5 to buffer the data stream. However, such buffer storage causes the user device to switch to the user stream when the user switches the program channel, that is, when requesting an alternative stream of data to be supplied from the supply node of the data network 2 The user has a tendency to appear to be sluggish, i.e., a waiting time is presented, and the present invention seeks to at least partially address such latency. In addition, when the data provisioning nodes of the data provisioning nodes 81-86 do not have sufficient data supply bandwidth to support a data stream 60 at a rate for delivering video and similar services to the user. At the time, the technical problem of entering 2 steps will appear. In order to solve the lack of such data supply bandwidth, several data supply nodes, for example, the supply nodes S1 to S6 illustrated in the figure are used to supply the data stream 6; for example Each of the data supply nodes S1 to S6, for example, is implemented as a plurality of food feeders, and can deliver a small portion, for example, 128 仟 bytes/second, 21 200835270 is suitable for digital video discs of the same quality. A large data stream, for example, i million bytes per second, is given to the user device 50. However, such a solution S makes it possible to know that the data stream from the above-mentioned ‘the peer network 2〇 is set to 5〇3 for the user^, and it is more difficult to prevent non-split. In addition, a further problem that is initiated by the present invention is that if only the data supply nodes S1 to S6 of the network are individually selected to supply data to the user device, ^ Each Weiding data supply node S1 to S6 has sufficient capacity to provide data to serve the user device 5G, and the end-to-end data supply capability of the network 2G will soon be exhausted. Only the supply nodes with the remaining 10 modest capabilities are left. The network 10 is thus operable to prioritize supply nodes that exhibit relatively large data provision capabilities using the network 20, while employing supply nodes that exhibit relatively small data provision capabilities. The definition of the usage of the clearing material supply nodes S1 to S6t is to generate the above-mentioned limit information -15 _ '(4) user device scales transmitted to the end-to-end network 2 in the third request message just described. Line-term calculation (four) into. The user device 50 cooperated with the network device may also operate to: in the limit data, a specific data supply node becomes unavailable or cannot supply its specific, bead block into the One or more 20th generation selective data supply nodes in the end-to-end network 20 are sought for in the event stream 6 以便 to be received at the user %%. The operation of the above-described network ^ according to the present invention will now be explained step by step with reference to FIG. In Fig. 4, the end-to-end network 2 includes the aforementioned data supply node smS8, plus the super node indicated by _. Optionally, one or more of the data supply nodes 81 to 88 may also act as a 22 200835270 hyper-segment 'point; or the super-node _ is distinct from the data supply node (four) . Although only four data supply nodes 81 to S7 are shown in FIG. 4, it should be understood that more than seven data supply nodes, or alternatively less than seven data supply nodes, may be in the end-to-end network 2 It is active in the sputum. Each SuperNode_ is associated with one or more data provisioning sections _8, and is operative to maintain one or more of its associated data supply points S1 to S8 stored in the aforementioned information Fragment as an example

The record of the section. In operation, the user is spliced 5 times, and communicates with the super node 6〇〇 by the super node guided request and the subsequent first response message as indicated by the secondary, the super node guided message 61〇 can determine which data block, for example, the data package, can be supplied by the data supply nodes 81 to § 8. Upon receiving the response in the message 610, the user device 5, then transmitting 620 the capability request message indicated to the (4) provisioning node ^ to 15 S7, requesting the information for supplying the data package An indicator that supplies the ability of the node to ^. These data supply nodes, § 1 to 87, may respond to a message indicating their ability to supply data blocks, for example, as described in Table 2. Indicator of the supply capacity of the data block, 620

23 20 200835270 Table 1 indicates the potential supply capacity for a total of m segments/second. Table 1 is merely exemplary. When the user device 50 receives the data supply capability information from the data supply nodes S1 to S7, for example, as described in Table 1, the user device 50 then performs a calculation ^, The provision of such information from the information to produce a limit data; in the case of convenience, the limit data is usually referred to as a "limit card" as indicated by "QCD" in Figure 4, for example. In other words, the quota information may include some instructions for supplying the data segments as described in Table 2. It should be noted that the base 10 is sufficient to ensure that the data is supplied to the user device %. In consideration, the S7 system is not selected. This option selectively considers the previous performance of the data supply nodes S1 to S8 such that a given data supply node indicating high data provision performance but has not actually delivered such data before. Is not specifically selected by the user device 50. The data provisioning performance can be determined by one or more criteria of 15: % The given data provisioning node is simply not operational to supply the foregoing The limit card is a data block requested by the user device; (b) the given data supply node has responded in a temporarily unreliable manner such that the data block is in the buffer of the user device 5 The internal data must be classified as follows: (C) The data block supplied by the given data supply node already contains the degree of increase due to interference or noise generated in the network. Data loss or error. Beneficially, each data supply node 81 is described by a "quality of service" parameter, ie QoS, at the user's 2008 200835270 device 50. Such QoS parameters are Optionally, at least one of the following: the user node 50 is communicated by the former experiencer, a node of the network 20 that is designated to provide data provisioning performance information.

5 Table 2 The data supply indicated in the limit card, the QCD data supply node is used to supply data blocks or other data supply node capabilities S1 10 data segments / sec - S2 25 data segments / sec - S3 30 data segments / sec ~ one S4 5 data fragment / sec " S5 29 (four) fragment / second S6 1 data fragment / second " '

Table 2 corresponds to a selected supply capacity with a total value of 1 〇〇 fragment/second, which is less than the potential supply capacity of the total value of 111 fragments/second indicated in Table 1. It should be noted that the quota card indicates that the data supply node S6, 10 has a parity of 1 segment/second, and the demand is applied to the data supply node S3, so that the lower capability of the similar node S6 is achieved. The data provisioning node 'is utilized before consuming the data provisioning capability of the higher capacity data provisioning node from similar node S3. The limit card also includes an indicator for the start time t〇 of the data supply start and some examples 15 for each data supply node S1 to S6 to be supplied with its data block and data segment. Information on the time tn when the analog or analog is appropriate. Alternatively, the time tn is implicit in a sequence in which some data segments are specified, for example, as shown in Table 3 for supplying one continuous data packet. 25 20 200835270 冋ra net ra net ra ask S4 cc Q1 or CO cjr S3 S5 S2 SI S3 S5 S2 S3 -- S3 S5 S2 S4 S3 S5 S1 S3 S5 S2 S2 S3 S3 S3 S5 S2 S2 S3 S3 Si S4 S6 S3 S5 S2 S3 S5 S2 S3 S5 S2 S3 S2 S2 S3 S5 S2 S3 S2 S2 S2 S3 S2 S2 S2 S2 S2 S3 S2 S3 S2 S2 S3 S2 S2 S3 S2 S2 S3 The data supply nodes 81 to 86 all receive the information of Table 3 in the quota card. When the view table 3 is used to indicate that the supply of the continuous greedy packet according to Table 3 is given to the user device 5 Q, some features should be noted: 5 (a) The poor supply node S1 in Table 3 The frequency to S6, in the case of the allowable discrepancies in Table 3, is proportional to the capability of providing the data as provided in Table 2, thereby providing a packet to the user device 5; for example . The data provisioning node S6, as described in Table 2, is only capable of providing j-strips/sec, and thus is only designated 10 times in the central portion of Table 3, and the data provisioning node S3, Approximately 3 〇 packets/sec can be provided, and thus are regularly assigned, while in Table 3 there is a substantially uniform incidence, ie frequency; (b) each cell of Table 3 corresponds to It needs to supply a data package to the corresponding designated data supply nodes §1 to §6 of the user device 50; to the small cells in Tables 15 and (c), corresponding to the data supply nodes S1 to S6 The time series in which the packets are to be supplied, wherein each cell has a time associated with it, and Table 3 is read from the left to the right in the top left column from time to time. Understand to the bottom right corner. 2 In Figure 4, the user device 50, as indicated at 640, can communicate the limit card (QCD) to the data provisioning node 81-%. This information is available for 26 200835270

The nodes S1 to S6' will then respond in a timely manner to supply the data packets contained in the quota card (QCD) as defined in Table 3, for example, as shown in Figure 4, 650. As indicated, it is received at the aforementioned buffer of the user device 5〇. Conveniently, the buffer is implemented as a 5 first in first out (FIFO) buffer, for example, in a data memory associated with computer computing hardware included in the user device 5A. Inside. The data stream 60 is decoded in the user device 5, and the program content specified by 66 is generated for presentation to the user indicated by 670. For example, the content of the program may include at least one of the following: audio, moving images, still images, video, pop-up windows, etc., applets, ava, television program content, and the like. It should be understood that in FIG. 4, the data supply nodes 81 to S6 are operable to encode the data packet transmitted by the data stream server, and the user device 50 is operable to generate the data packet. When the content of the program is defamatory, the data packets are decoded. This encoding and decoding has been explained in more detail earlier. The load balancing algorithm executed in the device 5 is operable to match the redundancy of the code, and the fire is only the load balance between the multiple nodes; The digital analysis of the balance is balanced to achieve this load balance. In the majority + only network 10, it is advantageous to use the 夕 之 枓 枓 枓 , , , , , 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The greedy packets and the owing advantages of the staff include: renewal. (4) This can overcome the single point error of 27 200835270 when it overcomes the central data stream data block allocation configuration; in the event that one of the data supply nodes 81 to % becomes a temporary non-action, The aforementioned Reed Solomon code can be corrected to a certain degree of data loss; and (b) some data supply nodes with limited upstream 5 data supply due to asymmetry Internet connection. Contribute supply information in proportion to their ability to supply data. Due to the implicit time ordering of the information in Table 3 included in the Quota Card (QCD), the data providing nodes 81 to 56 can sort the segments transmitted by them, so that the multi-segment can be greatly reduced due to the instantaneous data overload. The risk of blocking the network 10 is 10, thereby reducing the potential risk of loss of data fragments at the user device 50. The > ambiguity method related to the load balancing of these data supply nodes will be further clarified with reference to Fig. 5. In the picture of brother 5, which shows a get from

A flow chart of the data supply nodes, for example, methods of data supply from the data supply nodes W 15 to others. In the first step of the method, the user device 50 can determine which data supply node is capable of providing a given data block, for example, a data segment or a data packet, and the related request 610 is transmitted to the super node. 600. The SuperNode 600 can respond to the information 610 to provide information about which of the data supply nodes of the network 20 have, and provide the above-mentioned given data blocks. The user device 5, υ' can then transmit a request for information about the capabilities of the given data block to the data supply node, for example, to the data supply node S1 to S7. The data supply nodes, for example, the data supply nodes S1 through S7, may, as indicated at 630, respond to information regarding the ability of the supply data area 28 200835270 to the user device 50. Upon receipt of the information during the aforementioned waiting period, the user device 50 generates the aforementioned quota data (qcd) containing the assignments as exemplified in Table 3. In a decision step 710, the user device 50 can check and determine the data supply nodes 5 points, for example, whether the data supply nodes S1 to S7 have sufficient capabilities to supply the given data. Block. In the event that the data provisioning nodes, for example, the data provisioning nodes S1 to S7 are unable to provide sufficient capabilities, the method proceeds to step 720 where the end-to-end network 20 is verified. All of the data supply nodes have provided the user device 50 with a view of the supply of the given data block. If all of the data provisioning nodes have checked that there is insufficient data availability available in the end-to-end network 20, the method proceeds to a fault step 730 (FLR) where the user is 67〇 It is notified that no associated service is available; alternatively or additionally, at step 73〇15, the user device 5 is operable to present the game or game to the user 670. A further alternative is that in the event that none of the nodes S1 to S7 are capable of providing a packet to which they are transmitted end-to-end, their packets may be directly supplied by the central source 30. Alternatively, after a waiting time, the user 2 device 50 can repeat the inquiry as described in FIG. 5 to determine whether there is more data supply capability in the end-to-end network 20. It has then become available. When step 720 is performed, if all the data supply nodes, for example, the data supply nodes S1 to S6, are not queried or investigated, the method will break into 'from the super node 6 〇〇 The 29 200835270 available in the end-to-end network 20 has its potential data supply node. Right at step 710, it is found that the end-to-end network 2 has sufficient capacity to supply the t-block, which will then be 'passed' to the data supply nodes in the step, for example The data is supplied to the five nodes S1 to S6, and the data supply nodes are caused to transmit their data packets in a time series as exemplified in Table 3. When all the data blocks have been received by the producer I, the method proceeds; the two enters the P1 to indicate all the requested data blocks, for example, the data package, Both have been successfully received 10 at the user device 50. Alternatively, in the event that not all of the data blocks are received, the method proceeds to a decision stage 75(), where the performance of the already-run data supply points will be View. In the decision stage 750, in the event that the data supply node, for example, the data supply nodes S1 to S6 have been detected to have been executed normally, the method will advance to the first 15 to P2. Indicate the completion status. Conversely, in the event that the data supply node is determined to be improperly executed at the decision stage 750, the method proceeds to a further search decision stage 760; alternatively, the method aborts and starts over. Under the search stage 760, if the search for the data provider node has reached the end, the method generates a warning to the 20 user 670 indicating that the supply of the data stream 60 is at risk; The warning is generated in a step specified by P3. Alternatively, from the stage 760, in the event that the data provisioning nodes have not been searched for, the data provisioning node replaces the selection, as indicated by 770, by searching at the supernode 600 for searching. 30 200835270 In some specific data block options, for example, there are no available data packets, the method can be selected to operate to transmit some of the data blocks from the end-to-end network 20 for provisioning specific data blocks. For example, a package or piece of information, related to the request. Alternatively, the request for the particular segment 5 described above is transmitted directly to the data provisioning node "to, for example, without having to query at the supernode 600.

The present invention relates to the provision of digital television services to the user via the Internet in a peer-to-peer manner. The method of supplying such information blocks can overcome the problem of data streaming from central sources such as 10 used in contemporary digital cable television. Although the foregoing description uses the Internet, the present invention can also be implemented in other types of read bit communication networks. In addition, the effectiveness of the poor supply node in the end-to-end network 2 is to allow the response to be lightly coupled to the network 10 and attempt to access the data block stored by the end-to-end network. 15 users' and dynamically changed. Therefore, the method described in the above 4th and Xie can be allowed to be frequency-selected when the user device 50 operates, to select 'to ensure the internet pre-processing and the supply of the data block to be placed. There is an optimal balance between the two, preferably two data supply nodes to support the "feed stream 6q; _ (four), 0 off for the purpose of using six (four) supply". Alternatively, the user device 5G can be dynamically reconfigured, and the data supply node of the end of the network can be supplied to the data block. Other users in the network 10 are the 2008 31270 users; alternatively, the user device 50 can also be dynamically reconfigured to act as a super node of the same nature as the super node described above. A software executable in the above-described computer hardware for implementing the user device 50 of the present invention can be downloaded to the 5 user device 50 via the network 1 to facilitate the network 10 Reconfigured or upgraded. The software product is optionally on a data carrier, for example, on a memory medium similar to a digital storage disk, on an internet carrier signal, on a radio signal, in solid state memory. The media disk or the like is delivered to the user device 5〇. 1 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 The reference number included in the scope of application for patents is intended to understand the subject matter claimed by the patent application, and should not be excused 15 :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, The singular number involved, also

It should be related to the plural. Terms used in the invention and claimed in the present invention, such as "contains,

Of).^ have (have), "yes,, (are), "merger," (inc〇rp brewing), should be fully explained in the non-exclusive formula 'also 艮p 'allow other unspecified BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PART OR TYPES] Figure 1 is an illustration of an end-to-end data supply network that can operate in accordance with the present invention; " 32 200835270 Figure 2 is a data string conveyed in the network of Figure i An illustration of the hierarchy of streams, data stream groups, data packets, data packets, and data segments; Figure 3 is a diagram of the network executed in Figure 1, the two-code and the decoded example network. Figure 4 is an illustration of a method for providing a stream of data to a device of the second; and Figure 5 is a selection for the first! A further example of a method for solving the problem of variable node recording, node loss, and node generation is provided by the poor material supply node in the figure and the road. 10 [Main component symbol description]

10,20·..data communication network 30.. .central source 40...data block 50..user device 60...data stream 100...data stream group 110,120,130,140···data stream group 200,210,220· ····························································································································· ···Request message 660···Program content 670...user 710,720,730,740,750,760. One step 750...determination stage Dn··.data block S1-S8···data supply node 33

Claims (1)

200835270 X. Patent application scope: L six kinds of (four) - data communication network supply - one or more data strings: , ° method of user device, the data communication network includes: several pieces of cloth a supply node, the one or more data strings μ corresponding to one or more bedding blocks stored between the material supply nodes. The method comprises the following steps: (8) One or more requests for distribution of one or one of the data blocks between the data supply nodes are transferred into the network; (b) receiving a response to the one or more requests over a period of time Receiving one or more responses generated, the one or more responses 'operating to convey information indicative of the distribution; (C) generating to supply the one or more data blocks Quota data (QCD) related to at least a subset of the data provisioning nodes used. The head data includes instructions that are a function of a subset of the data supply nodes. Block, supply (d) communicating the quota information to a subset of the data provisioning node, by using the following instructions to give a subset of the data provisioning nodes, such that one or more of their respective ones are included in the quota data And the (e) receiving, at the user device, the one or more requested data blocks for consumption by a user of the location. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the subset includes all of the data supply nodes. 34. The method of claim 1, wherein the function is a data block for supplying a subset of the data supply nodes from at least a portion of the distribution. 4. The material of claim i, wherein the method comprises the step of including in the limit data an indicator of the time series in which the one or more data blocks are to be supplied, The time series is a subset of the data provisioning nodes that are frequency-encoded in response to their ability to supply the one or more data blocks. 5. The method of claim i, 2, 3 or 4 of the patent scope, wherein the method comprises the step of, for each subset of the data supply nodes, similarly communicating the quota data, and making the subset Each of the data provisioning nodes may also receive information about the other subset of the data provisioning nodes that are requested to supply the one or more data blocks to the user device. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein the sequence of time is defined as a start time, and the one or more data blocks are transmitted from the user device to the user device, wherein a subset of the material supply nodes operable to synchronize with each other independently of the start time, and a subset of the data supply nodes operable to substantially correspond to the one as specified in the limit data One or more data blocks specified in the limit data are supplied at the time of the start time. 7. The method of any preceding paragraph of the patent application, wherein the subset of the data supply continuation points comprises a data supply node having a range of 3 35 200835270 to ίο as specified in the limit data. 8. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the one or more data packets are coded with redundancy for at least one of: (a) data loss and/or cancellation error related compensation or Amendment, and (b) corrections related to data errors. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the one or more data blocks are encoded under a subset of the data supply nodes and then decoded at the user device. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the one or more data blocks are coded by Reed Solomon (Reed_Solom〇n) and the user device is operational and available to the user One or more data blocks received at the device, applying Reed Solomon decoding. 11. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the user device comprises at least one of the following data buffers: (a) buffering _ or more of the subsets from the data supply nodes a change in the supply rate of the data blocks; and (b) in the event that the subset of data provisioning nodes is operable to deviate from a sequence of data blocks as specified in the limit data, The order of the data blocks. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the user device is operable to present: (4) a data supply interruption message to the user; and/or, (8) in the limit data (QCD) The specified item or pieces of the requested item II, which failed to be received in accordance with the quota data at the time of the user's installation 36 200835270, will be obtained from the program of the alternative data block. The method of claim 12, wherein the user device is operable to transmit a warning message to the data network during the event, the warning message being Operating to prompt one or more searches in the network to identify one or more alternative data provisioning nodes, which may provide data chunks corresponding to those that are not reliably received at the user device . K is the branch of claim 13, wherein the interrupt message and/or the program content corresponding to the alternative (four) block is presented to the user 'until the alternative data supply node is operable to provide It should wait until the data block has not been reliably received so far. The method of claim 1, wherein the data communication network at least partially implements one or more data blocks corresponding to the content of the television program via the Internet, and the use The device corresponds to a television type display device. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the one or more data blocks correspond to a request by the user to the program content performed by the data communication network via the user device. 17. The method of any preceding claim, wherein one or more of the data blocks stored in the data supply node are propagated to the data supply node in an end-to-end manner. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the one or more greedy blocks are stored in a multiple backup of the 200835270 data supply node of the data communication network. 19. The species can be adapted to operate with a data communication network. The beans are used by the user to perform a method as claimed in the patent application. Μ 所 20. A program content supply system, the system contains at least one Providing two poor communication networks that are operationally capable of supplying one or more data areas, such as one or more data blocks, containing program content, wherein the system is configured to execute A method as claimed in any of the claims 1 to 18. 21. An end-to-end digital television system comprising at least one television type user device, and - at least part of an internet based data communication network - the secret system is operable to supply - a The data blocks are provided to the user device, and the one or more data blocks contain program content, wherein the system is configured to execute - one of the patent applications ranging from items 1 to 18 The method advocated. 22. A fine product recorded on a data ship that can be executed on a computer computing hardware to achieve a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18. 38