200826412 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 - 本發明為一種具燃料電池及蓄電池之在線互動式不斷 . 電系統’其特別為一種提供電腦設備電源之具燃料電池及 蓄電池之在線互動式不斷電系統。 【先前技術】 習知質子父換膜燃料電池(pr〇t〇n Exchange Membrane D Fuel Celi，PEMFC)另稱高分子薄膜燃料電池，最基本的構 ie為單笔池’疋由一薄膜電極組（Membrane Electrode Assembly，MEA)夾於兩塊雙極板（bip〇iar piate)、集電 板（currentcollector)與端板（endplate)間所組成。以薄 膜私極組分隔之兩邊分屬陽極（氫氣或重組氣體）與陰極 (氧氣或空氣）。 質子交換膜燃料電池之陽極為氧化反應，陰極為還原 反應，當陽極端之氫氣接觸到與質子交換膜相鄰之觸媒 ϋ (一般為鉑或鉑合金）時，氫氣分子會解離成為氫離子及電 子，其中電子會經由銜接陽極與陰極之電橋，經過電橋串 接之負載，自陽極流往陰極，氫離子則直接自陽極穿:質 子交換膜到達陰極。 、 強_是’圖-之質子交換膜為含濕性之薄膜， -具有僅容許氳離子伴隨水分子穿越而其他氣體分子均益法 穿越之特性，於陰極端在觸媒的作用下，經由電橋到達之 電子與氧結合成氧離子，並隨即與穿越質子交換膜之氯離 子合成形成水分子，此即為通稱之電化學氧化與還原2應 7 200826412 過程。 應用上述之電化學反應過程，使得質子交換膜燃料電 池（PEMFC)發電系統具有效率高、無污染、反應快之特 性，此外亦可經由串聯提高電池電壓或增加電極反應面積 以提高電流量等。特別是燃料電池在源源不斷的氫氣及氧 氣（通常使用空氣）的供給下，它可以源源不斷的電力產出 供給負載的需求。在這樣的特點下，質子交換膜燃料電池 可以是小型系統電力的來源，也可以設計成為大型電廠、 分散式電力及可移動電力。 由於習知不斷電系統在市電之交流電源中斷時，蓄電 池供電時間長短受限於蓄電池容量的大小，對於急需擁有 穩定電力供應的使用者來說，習知不斷電系統並不能滿足 此需求。 中華民國發明專利第1244797號，其為一種燃料電池 系統之靜態轉換開關，其中揭露一種燃料電池與蓄電池電 力轉換電路。系統啟動時由蓄電池供應電力，當燃料電池 電壓建立後，透過控制器送出控制訊號將電力供應轉由燃 料電池供應。 燃料電池系統的優點為只要燃料持續不斷的供應，則 燃料電池系統則可不斷的提供穩定的電力來源。若能將燃 料電池系統與不斷電系統作一整合，設計出一套燃料電池 供電電路，搭配現有市售的不斷電系統，即可達成此一供 電系統，解決市電中斷時習知不斷電系統供電之蓄電池供 電時間的限制。 8 .200826412 【發明内容】 本發明係將燃料電池與蓄電池整合為一種電力儲存 及供給系統並與一在線互動式不斷電系統結合，藉由燃料 電池具有可持續發電之特性，使得習知不斷電系統，能擺 脫蓄電池電力耗盡後即無法供電的問題。 為達上述之功效，本發明提供一種具燃料電池及蓄 電池之在線互動式不斷電系統，其包括：一電力儲存及供 給系統，其包括：一燃料電池，其輸出端電性連接於一第 C 一電晶體開關之一第一端部，又第一電晶體開關之一第二 端部電性連接於一保護電路後與一直流匯流排電性連接； 一第一充電器，其輸入端電性連接於燃料電池之輸出端； 一蓄電池，電性連接於第一充電器之輸出端且與一第二電 晶體開關之一第三端部電性連接，又第二電晶體開關之一 第四端部電性連接於直流匯流排；一燃料電池控制器，用 以控制第一充電器及藉由一第一電晶體開關控制電路以控 制第一電晶體開關之開啟/關閉；一電源偵測電路，其輸 ( 入端與一交流電源電性連接，其輸出端用以控制燃料電池 控制器；以及一電壓比較器，其兩輸入端分別經過一第一 電壓調整電路及一第二電壓調整電路後電性連接於第二端 部及第三端部，其輸出端藉由一第二電晶體開關控制電路 以控制第二電晶體開關之開啟/關閉；以及一在線互動式 不斷電系統，其輸入端用以與交流電源電性連接，其輸入 端提供一交流電力，又其一第二充器之輸出端及一直流/ 交流轉換電路輸出端係電性連接於直流匯流排。 為達上述之功效，本發明又提供一種電力儲存及供 9 200826412 給系統，係應用於一具燃料電池及蓄電池之在線互動式不 斷電系統中，其包括：一燃料電池，其輸出端電性連接於 一第一電晶體開關之一第一端部，又第一電晶體開關之 一第二端部電性連接於一保護電路後與一直流匯流排電性 連接；一第一充電器，其輸入端電性連接於燃料電池之輸 出端；一蓄電池，電性連接於第一充電器之輸出端且與一 第二電晶體開關之一第三端部電性連接，又第二電晶體開 關之一第四端部電性連接於直流匯流排；一燃料電池控制 Γ 器，用以控制第一充電器及藉由一第一電晶體開關控制電 路以第一電晶體開關之開啟/關閉；一電源偵測電路，其 輸入端與一交流電源電性連接，其輸出端用以控制燃料電 池控制器；以及一電壓比較器，其兩輸入端分別經過一第 一電壓調整電路及一第二電壓調整電路後電性連接於第二 端部及第三端部，其輸出端藉由一第二電晶體開關控制電 路以控制第二電晶體開關之開啟/關閉。 藉由本發明的實施，至少可以達到下列之進步功 V 效： 一、 可以使不斷電系統於市電中斷時，長時間持續的提供 電力。 二、 蓄電池為雙迴路之設計，市電正常時可充電，市電中 斷時可提供電力。 【實施方式】 圖一係為本發明之一種具燃料電池及蓄電池之在線 互動式不斷電系統10之系統方塊圖。圖二係為一種電力 10 200826412 巧及供給^之奸電路實施顧。 二:=具::電池及蓄電池之在線互動式不斷電系統 式不斷電系統力儲存及供給系統2G以及—在線互動 -第：給系統2〇,其包括:-燃料電池21 ; 24 ; —第一充22，一保護電路23 ; 一直流匯流排200826412 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] - The present invention is an online interactive continuous electric system with a fuel cell and a battery. It is an online interactive type of fuel cell and battery which is particularly suitable for providing power for computer equipment. Uninterrupted power system. [Prior Art] The known proton pro-fuel cell fuel cell (pr〇t〇n Exchange Membrane D Fuel Celi, PEMFC) is also called polymer thin film fuel cell, the most basic configuration is a single cell '疋 by a thin film electrode group (Membrane Electrode Assembly, MEA) is sandwiched between two bipolar plates (bip〇iar piate), current collectors and endplates. The two sides separated by a thin film private group are classified into an anode (hydrogen or reformed gas) and a cathode (oxygen or air). The anode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is an oxidation reaction, and the cathode is a reduction reaction. When the hydrogen at the anode end contacts the catalyst ϋ (generally platinum or platinum alloy) adjacent to the proton exchange membrane, the hydrogen molecules dissociate into hydrogen ions. And electrons, wherein the electrons pass through the bridge connecting the anode and the cathode, through the load connected in series by the bridge, from the anode to the cathode, and the hydrogen ions directly from the anode: the proton exchange membrane reaches the cathode. , strong _ is 'figure - proton exchange membrane is a wet film, - has only the characteristics of allowing the cesium ions to pass through with water molecules and other gas molecules are traversing, at the cathode end by the action of the catalyst The electrons arriving at the bridge combine with oxygen to form oxygen ions, which are then combined with chloride ions that pass through the proton exchange membrane to form water molecules. This is known as electrochemical oxidation and reduction. The above-mentioned electrochemical reaction process enables the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) power generation system to have high efficiency, no pollution, and fast response characteristics, and can also increase the battery voltage or increase the reaction area of the electrode to increase the current amount. In particular, fuel cells, with a steady supply of hydrogen and oxygen (usually using air), can provide a constant supply of electricity to supply the load. Under such characteristics, proton exchange membrane fuel cells can be a source of power for small systems, and can also be designed as large power plants, decentralized power, and mobile power. Since the conventional power supply system is interrupted by the AC power supply of the commercial power supply, the battery power supply time is limited by the battery capacity. For users who urgently need a stable power supply, the conventional power supply system cannot meet this requirement. . The Republic of China Invention Patent No. 1244797, which is a static transfer switch for a fuel cell system, discloses a fuel cell and battery power conversion circuit. When the system is started, the battery is supplied with electric power. When the fuel cell voltage is established, the control signal is sent through the controller to transfer the power supply to the fuel cell. The advantage of a fuel cell system is that as long as the fuel is continuously supplied, the fuel cell system can continuously provide a stable source of electricity. If the fuel cell system can be integrated with the uninterruptible power system, a fuel cell power supply circuit can be designed, and the existing power supply system can be used to achieve this power supply system. Limitation of battery power supply time for electrical system power supply. 8.200826412 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention integrates a fuel cell and a battery into a power storage and supply system and combines it with an online interactive uninterruptible power system, so that the fuel cell has the characteristics of sustainable power generation, so that the conventional The power-off system can get rid of the problem that the battery cannot be powered after the battery is exhausted. In order to achieve the above effects, the present invention provides an online interactive power-saving system with a fuel cell and a battery, comprising: a power storage and supply system, comprising: a fuel cell, the output end of which is electrically connected to a first C. The first end of one of the transistor switches, and the second end of the first transistor switch is electrically connected to a protection circuit and electrically connected to the DC bus; a first charger, the input end thereof Electrically connected to the output end of the fuel cell; a battery electrically connected to the output end of the first charger and electrically connected to a third end of a second transistor switch, and one of the second transistor switches The fourth end is electrically connected to the DC bus; a fuel cell controller for controlling the first charger and controlling the opening/closing of the first transistor switch by a first transistor switch control circuit; a detection circuit, wherein the input terminal is electrically connected to an AC power source, the output end thereof is used for controlling the fuel cell controller, and a voltage comparator has two input terminals respectively passing through a first voltage adjusting circuit a second voltage adjusting circuit is electrically connected to the second end portion and the third end portion, and an output end thereof controls a second transistor switch to be turned on/off by a second transistor switch control circuit; and an online interaction An uninterruptible power system, wherein the input end is electrically connected to the AC power source, the input end thereof provides an AC power, and the output end of the second charger and the output of the DC/AC conversion circuit are electrically connected In order to achieve the above-mentioned effects, the present invention further provides a power storage and supply system for use in an online interactive uninterruptible power system of a fuel cell and a battery, comprising: a fuel cell, The output end is electrically connected to a first end of a first transistor switch, and the second end of the first transistor switch is electrically connected to a protection circuit and electrically connected to the DC bus; a first charger, the input end of which is electrically connected to the output end of the fuel cell; a battery electrically connected to the output end of the first charger and electrically connected to the third end of one of the second transistor switches And a fourth end of the second transistor switch is electrically connected to the DC bus; a fuel cell control device is configured to control the first charger and the first transistor switch control circuit to be first a transistor switch is turned on/off; a power detecting circuit has an input terminal electrically connected to an AC power source, an output terminal for controlling the fuel cell controller, and a voltage comparator, wherein the two input terminals respectively pass through a first a voltage adjusting circuit and a second voltage adjusting circuit are electrically connected to the second end portion and the third end portion, and an output end thereof controls the opening/closing of the second transistor switch by a second transistor switch control circuit With the implementation of the present invention, at least the following improvements can be achieved: 1. The uninterruptible power system can provide power for a long time in the event of a commercial power interruption. 2. The battery is designed as a dual circuit, and the utility power can be normal. Charging, power can be supplied when the mains is interrupted. [Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of an online interactive uninterruptible power system 10 with a fuel cell and a battery according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a kind of power 10 200826412. Two: = with:: battery and battery online interactive UPS system UPS system storage and supply system 2G and - online interaction - the first: to the system 2 〇, which includes: - fuel cell 21; 24; - first charge 22, a protection circuit 23; a DC bus
C 兔為25 ; —蓄電池26 ; 一第-雷晶#門g气 27; -燃料電池控制哭”广也26，《一電曰曰體開關 29 電壓調整電路紐_整電路32’—第二 —電_測電晶體開關控制糾34;以及 關”'々料^也21 ’其輸出端電性連接於一第一電晶體開 她卹”弟—端部221，又第-電晶體開關22之一第二 午L 2 f,1±連接於—保我路23後與-直流匯流排24 f生連接。燃料電池21可以為-質子交換膜燃料電池21 =者其他形式之燃料電池21。 f—電晶體開關22, 串聯於燃料電池21與直流匯流之間，其用以開啟/關閉燃 料電池21與直流匯流間之電路迴路。 二 第一電晶體開關22包括：一第一電晶體丁1、一第一 電阻R1及一第二電阻R2，其中第一電晶體τΐ為一 p通 道金屬氧化場效應電晶體(P_channel MOSFET)，其源極s 與燃料電池21之輸出端及第一電阻R1電性連，其閘極〇 與第二電阻R2電性連，且第一電阻R1及第二電阻尺2之 另一端均與第一電晶體開關控制電路3〗之輸出端電性連 接。又第一電晶體T〗之沒極D係與保護電路電性連 200826412 接。 保護電路23可以為一二 第二端部222,又其心極端電性連接於 為二極體具有單向導通連接於直流，因 排24之電力逆向的進人_料 ^此可以避面直流匯流 生逆反應之現象。“，、心池21 ’使得燃料電池21產C rabbit is 25; - battery 26; one - thunder crystal #门g gas 27; - fuel cell control crying "Guangzhou 26, "an electric body switch 29 voltage adjustment circuit _ _ circuit 32' - second - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ One of the second noon L 2 f,1± is connected to the -DC bus bar 24f after being connected to the Baohua Road 23. The fuel cell 21 may be a proton exchange membrane fuel cell 21 = other forms of the fuel cell 21. The f-transistor switch 22 is connected in series between the fuel cell 21 and the direct current sink for opening/closing a circuit loop between the fuel cell 21 and the direct current sink. The second transistor switch 22 includes: a first transistor 1. A first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, wherein the first transistor τ is a p-channel metal oxide field effect transistor (P_channel MOSFET), the source s and the output end of the fuel cell 21 and the first resistor R1 is electrically connected, and its gate 〇 is electrically connected to the second resistor R2, and the first resistor R1 and the second resistor scale 2 One end is electrically connected to the output end of the first transistor switch control circuit 3. The second transistor of the first transistor T is connected to the protection circuit electrically connected to 200826412. The protection circuit 23 can be one or two second ends. The portion 222 is further connected to the diode with a single-directional connection to the direct current, and the power of the row 24 is reversed. This can avoid the phenomenon of direct current reaction of the direct current sink. Pool 21' makes fuel cell 21 produced
第一^電器25，其給A Ο 輪出端。第〆充電器25可以^陡連接於燃料電池21之 啟/關閉燃料電池21對蓄電、、也^’、、料％池控制器28控制開 燃料電池21之輸出，使楫势+ c外也可以調整 穩定。 ,畜氣池26所接收到的電力更為 蓄電池2ό，電性連接於 —第二電晶體開關27之一第二山电為25之輪出端且與 晶體開關27之-第四端部272 ^=71電性連接。第二電 第二電晶體開關27串聯於蓄電^也2連2於直流匯流排24。 用以開啟/關閉蓄電池26 |％與直流匯流之間，| 第二電晶體開關2/包^匯ΐ間之電路趣路。其 電阻R3及〆第四電阻R4。其—弟_^日晶體Τ2、1三 通道金屬氧化場效應電曰曰9|# f 包晶體T2亦為一 p 電池26及第三電阻R3 t性連弟二上曰曰:體 電性連’且第三電阻R3及笛/ 1 ^與第四電随]^ 電晶體開關控制電路34之於包阻R4之另—端岣與第— U之沒極係與直流匯旋:端電性連接。第 ; 燃料電池控制器28=4_連f。 ^ 、第一電晶體開關控制電二控制弟一充電器25及 …以控制第一電晶體& 200826412 之開啟/關閉。當市電中斷時，若燃料電池21電壓已建 立，則燃料電池控制器28控制第一充電器25及第一電晶 體開關22，使得燃料電池21對蓄電池26充電，同時也將 燃料電池21之電力輸出至直流匯流排24。 第一電晶體開關控制電路31包括：一第三電晶體 T3、一第五電阻R5、一第六電阻R6及一第一電容C1。第 三電晶體T3係為一 NPN電晶體，第五電阻R5串聯於燃 料電池控制器28之輸出端及第三電晶體T3基極之間，第 Γ 三電晶體T3之射極接地，第六電阻R6電性連接於其基極 與射極間又並聯有一第一電容C1。而第三電晶體T3之集 極與第一電晶體開關22之輸入端電性連接。 電壓比較器29，其兩輸入端分別經過一第一電壓調 整電路32及一第二電壓調整電路33後電性連接於第二端 部222及第三端部271，其輸出端藉由一第二電晶體開關 控制電路34以控制第二電晶體開關27之開啟/關閉。電壓 比較器29用以判斷燃料電池21之電壓是否已經建立，當 I 電壓尚未建立時則開啟第二電晶體開關27，使蓄電池26 提供電力。第一電壓調整電路32及第二電壓調整電路 33，用以使必較器能獲得穩定且適當之輸入訊號。 電壓比較器29之輸出端可藉由一第七電阻R7回授輸 出訊號至電壓比較器29之輸入端。第二電晶體開關控制 電路34包括：一第四電晶體T4及一第八電阻R8。第四電 晶體T4為一 NPN電晶體，第八電阻R8串聯於第四電晶 體丁 4之基極與電壓比較器29之輸出端間，第四電晶體T4 之射極接地而第四電晶體T4之集極與第二電晶體開關27 200826412 之輸入端電性連接。 ；& 貞'則电路35 ’其輸入端與交流電源5〇電性連 35用::。it用/控制燃料電池控制器28 35用以_市電是否異f，#市電 號至燃料電池控制器28。 杈仏異吊5扎 η 中電源偵測電路35包括：一第—變壓器加、一第九 二阻R9、-橋式整流器屬，一第十電阻請、—第二電 合C2、光耦合器U1、一第十一電阻Ru、一第十二電 阻纽、-第四電晶體T4以及—第十三電阻川。第:電 晶體T4為-PNP電晶體，第一變壓器加之輸入端並聯 於父流電、源50，橋式整流器BRG輸入端與第九電阻尺9及 第一變壓器TR1之輸出端形成一串聯迴路，橋式整流器 ΒΚ(}輸出端與光耦合器m之光耦合端形成一串聯迴路且 橋式整流器BRG輪出端並聯有第十電阻Ri〇及第二電容 C2，光耦合器ui之射極接地，又光耦合器ui之集極與第 四笔晶體T4基極間串聯有一第十一電阻rii，第四電晶體 T4之集極與基極間串聯一第十二電阻R12，第四電晶體 T4之射極與接地間串聯一第十三電阻R13，又第四電晶體 T4之射極與燃料電池控制器28之輸入端電性連接。 圖三係為一種在線互動式不斷電系統40之系統方塊 圖。在線互動式不斷電系統40係為習知之應用，其具有 一雜訊遽波器（noise filter) 41 ; —智慧線性狀態器（smart Line conditioner)42 ; —轉換開關（transfer switch)43 ; — 弟二充電器 44(charger); — 微處理器（Micro Processor) 45 ; —直流/交流轉換電路46 ;以及一電壓轉換電路47。 14 200826412 具燃料電池及蓄電池之在線互動式不斷電系統ίο可 藉由一電源開關以控制系統的開啟或關閉。又在線互動式 不斷電系統40之輸入端用以與一交流電源50電性連接， 其輸出端提供一交流電力，又其一第二充電器44之輸出 端及一直流/交流轉換電路46輸出端係電性連接於直流匯 流排24 〇 當交流電源50正常供電時，電力會經由雜訊濾波器 41、智慧線性狀態器42及轉換開關43供應交流電力給負 載，且同時對蓄電池26充電。當交流電源50供電中斷 時，蓄電池26之直流電力會經由直流/交流轉換電路46轉 換成交流電力再透過電壓轉換器及轉換開關43供應交流 電力給負載。而微處理器45為整個在線互動式不斷電系 統40之控制單元，用以控制整個在線互動式不斷電系統 40之運作。 如圖三所示，本實施例之電力儲存及供給系統20可 利用一種電壓比較器29，來判斷應該是由燃料電池21或 是由蓄電池26來供電。當市電中斷時，首先由蓄電池26 來提供電力來源，此時由於燃料電池21電壓尚未建立， 所以電壓比較器29得到是正值（+ )，隨即透過第二電晶 體開關控制電路34，將第二電晶體開關27開啟，而此時 第一電晶體開關22仍處於關閉之狀態，所以在線互動式 不斷電系統40完全由電力儲存及供給之蓄電池26供應所 需電力。 當燃料電池21操作電壓已建立，第一電晶體開關22 將開啟，電壓比較器29得到是負正值（-)，透過第二電 200826412 晶體開關控制電路34，將第二電晶體開關27關閉，此時 在線互動式不斷電系統40完全由電力儲存及供給之燃料 電池21供應所需電力，同時燃料電池21可透過第一充電 器25對蓄電池26充電。 圖四係為本發明之一種電力儲存及供給系統20之操 作流程與時序實施例圖。圖五係為本發明之一種電力儲存 及供給系統20於市電正常狀態下之實施例圖。圖六係為 本發明之一種電力儲存及供給系統20於市電中斷狀態下 之實施例圖。圖七係為本發明之一種電力儲存及供給系統 20，其燃料電池21之電壓已建立狀態下之實施例圖。圖 八係為本發明之一種電力儲存及供給系統20，其負載電流 突然變大狀態下之實施例圖。相關流程步驟將配合各種狀 態之實施例圖簡述如下： 市電正常：如圖四及圖五所示，交流電源50正常供 電且電源開啟時，電力會經由雜訊濾波器41、智慧線性狀 態器42及轉換開關43供應交流電力至交流輸出端60給負 載，且同時對蓄電池26充電。二極體可防止燃料電池21 逆向充電而被電解，造成燃料電池21損壞。 市電異常：如圖四及圖六所示，當交流電源50供電 中斷時，暫時由蓄電池26供應電力，蓄電池26直流電力 會經由直流/交流轉換電路46轉換為交流電力，再透過電 壓轉換器及轉換開關43供應交流電力給負載。 燃料電池21供電：如圖四及圖七所示，當燃料電池 21的電壓於第一時間tl建立完成後，控制信號將於第二時 間t2將系統電力開始切換為由燃料電池21來負責供電， 16 200826412 同時並對蓄電池26進行回充。 負載電流突然變：如圖四及圖八所示，燃料電池21 發電過程中，第三時間t3至第四時間t4發生電流過載現 象，此時系統及會自動將供電切換，使得第三時間t3至第 四時間t4之直流匯流排24電力改由蓄電池26來供應，待 電流回復正常值之後，系統又會自動切回由燃料電池21 供應。 惟上述各實施例係用以說明本發明之特點，其目的在 使熟習該技術者能暸解本發明之内容並據以實施，而非限 定本發明之專利範圍，故凡其他未脫離本發明所揭示之精 神而完成之等效修飾或修改，仍應包含在以下所述之申請 專利範圍中。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖一係為本發明之一種具燃料電池及蓄電池之在線互動式 不斷電系統之系統方塊圖。 圖二係為一種電力儲存及供給系統之具體電路實施例圖。 圖三係為之一種在線互動式不斷電系統之系統方塊圖。 圖四係為本發明之一種電力儲存及供給系統之操作流程與 時序實施例圖。 圖五係為本發明之一種電力儲存及供給系統於市電正常狀 態下之實施例圖。 圖六係為本發明之一種電力儲存及供給系統於市電中斷狀 態下之實施例圖。 圖七係為本發明之一種電力儲存及供給系統，其燃料電池 200826412 之電壓已建立狀態下之實施例圖。 圖八係為本發明之一種電力儲存及供給系統，其負載電流 突然變大狀態下之實施例圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 具燃料電池及蓄電池之在線互動式不斷電系統 20 電力儲存及供給系統 21 燃料電池 ί 22 第一電晶體開關 221第一端部 222第二端部 23 保護電路 24 直流匯流排 25 第一充電器 26 蓄電池 27 第二電晶體開關 C , 271 第三端部 272第四端部 28 燃料電池控制器 29 電壓比較器 31第一電晶體開關控制電路 32 第一電壓調整電路 33 第二電壓調整電路 34 第二電晶體開關控制電路 35 電源偵測電路 18 200826412 40 在線互動式不斷電系統 41 雜訊濾波器 42 智慧線性狀態器 43 轉換開關 44 第二充電器 45 微處理器 46 直流/交流轉換電路 47 電壓轉換電路 50 交流電源 60 交流輸出端 tl 第一時間 t2 第二時間 t3 第三時間 t4 第四時間 T1第一電晶體 T2 第二電晶體 T3 第三電晶體 T4 第四電晶體 TR1第一變壓器 R1 第一電阻 R2 第二電阻 R3 第三電阻 R4 第四電阻 R5 第五電阻 R6 第六電阻 19 200826412 R7 第 七 電 阻 R8 第 八 電 阻 R9 第 九 電 阻 RIO 第 十 電 阻 Rll 第 十 一 一 電 阻 R12 第 十 二 電 阻 R13 第 十 電 阻 BRG橋式 整 流 器 U1 光耦合 器 Cl 第 一一 電 容 C2 第 _ — 電 容The first ^ electric appliance 25, which gives the A Ο wheel end. The second charger 25 can be connected to the fuel cell 21 to open/close the fuel cell 21 to store electricity, and also to control the output of the fuel cell 21, so that the potential + c is also Can be adjusted for stability. The gas received by the gas storage tank 26 is more than the battery 2, electrically connected to one of the second transistor switches 27, the second mountain power is the 25 wheel output end and the crystal switch 27 - the fourth end portion 272 ^=71 Electrical connection. The second electric second crystal switch 27 is connected in series to the electric storage unit 24 in the DC bus bar 24. Used to turn on/off the battery 26 |% and the DC bus, | the second transistor switch 2 / package ^ circuit between the circuit. Its resistor R3 and 〆 fourth resistor R4. Its - brother _ ^ day crystal Τ 2, 1 three-channel metal oxidation field effect electric 曰曰 9 | # f package crystal T2 is also a p battery 26 and third resistance R3 t 连 弟 二 二 二: body electrical connection 'And the third resistor R3 and the flute / 1 ^ and the fourth electric follow-up ^ ^ transistor switch control circuit 34 on the other end of the R R R4 and the - U of the pole and DC convergence: terminal electrical connection. The fuel cell controller 28 = 4_ with f. ^, the first transistor switch controls the second controller, a charger 25 and ... to control the opening/closing of the first transistor & 200826412. When the utility power is interrupted, if the voltage of the fuel cell 21 has been established, the fuel cell controller 28 controls the first charger 25 and the first transistor switch 22 so that the fuel cell 21 charges the battery 26 while also the power of the fuel cell 21. Output to the DC bus 24. The first transistor switch control circuit 31 includes a third transistor T3, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, and a first capacitor C1. The third transistor T3 is an NPN transistor, and the fifth resistor R5 is connected in series between the output end of the fuel cell controller 28 and the base of the third transistor T3. The emitter of the third transistor T3 is grounded, and the sixth The resistor R6 is electrically connected to a first capacitor C1 connected in parallel between the base and the emitter. The collector of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the input end of the first transistor switch 22. The voltage comparator 29 has two input terminals respectively connected to the second end portion 222 and the third end portion 271 via a first voltage adjusting circuit 32 and a second voltage adjusting circuit 33, and the output end thereof is provided by a first The two transistor switch control circuit 34 controls the on/off of the second transistor switch 27. The voltage comparator 29 is used to determine whether the voltage of the fuel cell 21 has been established. When the I voltage has not been established, the second transistor switch 27 is turned on to enable the battery 26 to supply power. The first voltage adjusting circuit 32 and the second voltage adjusting circuit 33 are configured to enable the comparator to obtain a stable and appropriate input signal. The output of the voltage comparator 29 can feed back the output signal to the input of the voltage comparator 29 via a seventh resistor R7. The second transistor switch control circuit 34 includes a fourth transistor T4 and an eighth resistor R8. The fourth transistor T4 is an NPN transistor, the eighth resistor R8 is connected in series between the base of the fourth transistor D4 and the output of the voltage comparator 29, and the emitter of the fourth transistor T4 is grounded to the fourth transistor. The collector of T4 is electrically coupled to the input of the second transistor switch 27 200826412. ; & 贞 'The circuit 35 ' has its input connected to the AC power supply. It uses/controls the fuel cell controller 28 35 for whether or not the utility power is different from the fuel cell controller 28. The power detection circuit 35 includes: a first transformer, a ninth resistor R9, a bridge rectifier, a tenth resistor, a second capacitor C2, and an optical coupler. U1, an eleventh resistor Ru, a twelfth resistor button, a fourth transistor T4, and a thirteenth resistor. The transistor T4 is a -PNP transistor, and the first transformer is connected in parallel with the parent current, the source 50, and the BRG input terminal of the bridge rectifier forms a series circuit with the output terminal of the ninth resistor 9 and the first transformer TR1. , the bridge rectifier ΒΚ (} output end and the optical coupler m optical coupling end form a series circuit and the bridge rectifier BRG wheel end is connected in parallel with a tenth resistor Ri 〇 and a second capacitor C2, the optocoupler ui of the emitter Grounding, the collector of the photocoupler ui and the base of the fourth pen crystal T4 have an eleventh resistor rii connected in series, and the collector and the base of the fourth transistor T4 are connected in series with a twelfth resistor R12, the fourth electric A thirteenth resistor R13 is connected in series between the emitter of the crystal T4 and the ground, and the emitter of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to the input end of the fuel cell controller 28. Fig. 3 is an online interactive uninterruptible power system System block diagram of 40. The online interactive uninterruptible power system 40 is a conventional application, which has a noise filter 41; a smart line conditioner 42; Transfer switch) 43 ; — 2nd charger 44 (ch Arger); - Microprocessor 45; - DC/AC conversion circuit 46; and a voltage conversion circuit 47. 14 200826412 Online interactive uninterruptible power system with fuel cell and battery ίο with a power switch The control system is turned on or off. The input end of the online interactive uninterruptible power system 40 is electrically connected to an AC power source 50, the output end of which provides an AC power, and the output end of a second charger 44. The output of the DC/AC conversion circuit 46 is electrically connected to the DC busbar 24. When the AC power supply 50 is normally powered, the power is supplied to the AC power via the noise filter 41, the smart linear state controller 42, and the changeover switch 43. The load, and at the same time, charges the battery 26. When the AC power supply 50 is interrupted, the DC power of the battery 26 is converted into AC power via the DC/AC conversion circuit 46 and then the AC power is supplied to the load through the voltage converter and the transfer switch 43. The microprocessor 45 is a control unit of the entire online interactive uninterruptible power system 40 for controlling the operation of the entire online interactive uninterruptible power system 40. As shown in FIG. 3, the power storage and supply system 20 of the present embodiment can utilize a voltage comparator 29 to determine whether power should be supplied by the fuel cell 21 or by the battery 26. When the utility power is interrupted, the battery is first used. 26 to provide a source of power, at this time, since the voltage of the fuel cell 21 has not been established, the voltage comparator 29 is positive (+), and then the second transistor switch 27 is turned on by the second transistor switch control circuit 34, and At this time, the first transistor switch 22 is still in the off state, so the online interactive uninterruptible power system 40 is completely supplied with the required power from the battery 26 for power storage and supply. When the operating voltage of the fuel cell 21 has been established, the first transistor switch 22 will be turned on, and the voltage comparator 29 will be negative (-), and the second transistor switch 27 will be turned off by the second power 200826412 crystal switch control circuit 34. At this time, the online interactive uninterruptible power system 40 is completely supplied with the required power from the fuel storage and supply fuel cell 21, and the fuel cell 21 can charge the battery 26 through the first charger 25. Figure 4 is a diagram showing an operational flow and timing embodiment of a power storage and supply system 20 of the present invention. Figure 5 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a power storage and supply system 20 of the present invention in a normal state of utility power. Figure 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a power storage and supply system 20 of the present invention in a state where the utility power is interrupted. Figure 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a power storage and supply system 20 of the present invention in which the voltage of the fuel cell 21 is established. Fig. 8 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the power storage and supply system 20 of the present invention in a state where the load current suddenly becomes large. The related process steps will be briefly described as follows: The mains is normal: As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, when the AC power supply 50 is normally powered and the power is turned on, the power will pass through the noise filter 41 and the smart linear state device. 42 and transfer switch 43 supplies AC power to AC output 60 for load and simultaneously charges battery 26. The diode prevents the fuel cell 21 from being reversely charged and is electrolyzed, causing damage to the fuel cell 21. Mains abnormality: As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, when the AC power supply 50 is interrupted, the battery 26 is temporarily supplied with electric power, and the battery 26 DC power is converted into AC power via the DC/AC conversion circuit 46, and then the voltage converter is The changeover switch 43 supplies AC power to the load. The fuel cell 21 is powered: as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 7 , when the voltage of the fuel cell 21 is established at the first time t1, the control signal will start to switch the system power to be powered by the fuel cell 21 at the second time t2. , 16 200826412 At the same time, the battery 26 is recharged. Sudden change of load current: As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 8, during the power generation of fuel cell 21, the current overload occurs at the third time t3 to the fourth time t4. At this time, the system will automatically switch the power supply so that the third time t3 The DC bus 24 power to the fourth time t4 is supplied by the battery 26, and after the current returns to the normal value, the system automatically switches back to the fuel cell 21. The embodiments are described to illustrate the features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the present invention without limiting the scope of the present invention. Equivalent modifications or modifications made by the spirit of the disclosure should still be included in the scope of the claims described below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of an online interactive UPS system with a fuel cell and a battery according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a diagram of a specific circuit embodiment of a power storage and supply system. Figure 3 is a system block diagram of an online interactive uninterruptible power system. Figure 4 is a diagram showing an operational flow and timing embodiment of a power storage and supply system of the present invention. Figure 5 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a power storage and supply system of the present invention in a normal state of utility power. Figure 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a power storage and supply system of the present invention in a state where the utility power is interrupted. Figure 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a power storage and supply system of the present invention in which the voltage of the fuel cell 200826412 is established. Fig. 8 is a view showing an embodiment of a power storage and supply system of the present invention in a state where the load current suddenly becomes large. [Main component symbol description] 10 online interactive uninterruptible power system with fuel cell and battery 20 Power storage and supply system 21 Fuel cell ί 22 First transistor switch 221 first end portion 222 second end portion 23 protection circuit 24 DC busbar 25 first charger 26 battery 27 second transistor switch C, 271 third end 272 fourth end 28 fuel cell controller 29 voltage comparator 31 first transistor switch control circuit 32 first voltage adjustment Circuit 33 Second Voltage Adjustment Circuit 34 Second Transistor Switch Control Circuit 35 Power Detection Circuit 18 200826412 40 Online Interactive Uninterruptible System 41 Noise Filter 42 Smart Linear Stater 43 Transfer Switch 44 Second Charger 45 Micro Processor 46 DC/AC conversion circuit 47 Voltage conversion circuit 50 AC power supply 60 AC output terminal t1 First time t2 Second time t3 Third time t4 Fourth time T1 First transistor T2 Second transistor T3 Third transistor T4 Fourth transistor TR1 First transformer R1 First resistor R2 Second resistor R3 Third resistor R4 Fourth resistor R5 Fifth resistor R6 Resistor 19 200826412 R7 seventh resistor R8 eighth resistor R9 ninth resistor RIO tenth resistor R11 eleventh resistor R12 twelfth resistor R13 tenth resistor BRG bridge rectifier U1 optical coupler Cl first capacitor C2 — capacitor
2020